WO2013053972A2

WO2013053972A2 - Rail-positioning system

Info

Publication number: WO2013053972A2
Application number: PCT/ES2012/070708
Authority: WO
Inventors: Francisco Javier LOPEZ GIMENEZ
Original assignee: Railtech Sufetra, S.A.
Priority date: 2011-10-13
Filing date: 2012-10-15
Publication date: 2013-04-18
Also published as: BR112014009060A2; ES2373740A1; ES2373740B1; BR112014009060B1; WO2013053972A3

Abstract

A rail-positioning system (1) that allows modification of the height thereof after installation by means of the inclusion of wedges (13, 14); and also the lateral positioning thereof by means of a serrated bushing (11) that moves (5) over a serration (6d, 6d') of a support plate (6), thereby modifying the relative position of the support plate (6) and the soleplate on which it is installed.

Description

RAIL POSITIONING SYSTEM

Field of the Invention

The present invention applies to the field of rail fastening and fixing systems on discontinuous supports. Specifically, the invention relates to a system that allows the position adjustment of said rails once installed.

Background of the invention

On tracks based on discontinuous rails, such as rail rails or container cranes, the support plates that support the rails are typically fixed to concrete slabs by fixed fastening systems, such as bolts. The threaded sheaths or studs on which they are screwed are embedded in the concrete and, therefore, are immovable. In these cases, in order to modify the position and adjust the height of the tracks in the face of poor work execution, it is necessary to disassemble the assembly, re-drill and change the site anchor.

In particular, various types of rail fixing systems are known. For example, ES 285328 has a fixation based on two guide plates located on both sides of the rail, fixed to a crossbar by means of elastic clip-type flanges. Said flanges act as a spring on the skate, being held by a bolt.

US 201 1/0204154 again describes a system with two guide plates on both sides of the rail skate, each with a support element on the side opposite the skate, as well as elastic fixing clips that extend through openings in the guide plates, and which are tightened by threaded bolts.

To overcome the limitations of the fixed systems described above, WO 201 1/1 10456 presents a system that allows equalizing the height differences between the guide plate and the bottom surface. For this, it consists of lateral guides, supported against the bottom surface by means of screws, springs that hold the skate once mounted, and a separator as a flat washer with a basically rectangular shape with a hole for the bolt. Said spacer is the which equals the differences in height, being divided into two parts along a line of articulation.

However, although this system allows equalizing height differences between the guide plate and the surface, on the contrary it does not allow freely modifying the final height of the rail. Additionally, if said system is to be applied in the case of the rails of a crane, the own way of clamping between the clips and its fixing screw does not allow maintaining the required safety zone between the rail and the rolling means of the crane. Therefore, interference would occur in the passage of the wheels that would impede and impede its trajectory. This problem would remain even without the presence of the guide plates. In addition, if said system were provided with leveling means of the assembly in height, the interference would still be greater.

A problem similar to that existing with the regulation of the height of the tracks appears with the regulation of its width. For example, if a rail system has a typical tolerance of ± 3 mm, and in a certain section the track is not within that range, conventional plate systems with screws do not allow any type of regulation.

To solve this problem, several types of regulation consisting of:

- Through eccentric parts or collars, the regulation being continuous.

This type allows a regulation of smaller caliber, since it is limited to a few millimeters due to the large turning torques that these pieces experience before transverse loading shells, which tend to rotate them to their equilibrium position, thereby canceling part or all regulation.

- By teeth or staggered, arranged in a transverse arrangement to the rails. This case, which is applied in metal support plates with elastic overmolding, presents several drawbacks, such as poor insulation, since the metal plate is in contact with the screw and rail and this in turn with the ground , a good insulation resistance is not guaranteed, being said Very important aspect in this type of facilities. On the other hand, with respect to the regulator itself, these are very large jagged or staggered that do not allow a fine regulation which implies that a precise regulation cannot be made.

As can be seen, there is still a need in the art for rail positioning regulation systems that allow for the regulation of the height of the rails once installed, as well as the width of the tracks, both vastly and thinly. That is to say, that allows to select the height and lateral position of the rail with precision, and in a wide range of positions, without compromising the resistance to the isolation and the protection against the passage of the mobile elements that move along the rails.

Summary of the invention

The present invention solves the problems described above by means of a rail positioning system in which shims that modify the height of the rail are incorporated without requiring disassembly of the system once installed. The system comprises a rigid support plate fixed to a typically concrete screed and a rail support plate, in turn fixed to the support plate by means of fasteners, preferably staples which in turn serve as lateral fixing of the rail .

Two preferred types of shims are contemplated that can be used both independently and jointly, without the need to uninstall the set of elements comprising the system:

-Sleeves that are placed between the support plate and the rail support plate. They preferably have openings that allow the fittings to fit into the fasteners that join the support plate and the rail support plate. Preferably, the upper shims have the form adapted to engage the lower part of the rail support plate, and the lower shims also have the adapted form to engage the upper part of the support plate, also allowing coupling between shims. upper and lower shims, allowing self-centering between said shims. Also preferably, the support plate consists of lateral partitions to support the necessary efforts during the insertion of the shims. In one of the possible preferred options, the openings comprise a "T" plantar shape.

-Sleeves that are placed under the support plate. Preferably they have two longitudinal openings that allow the fit to fit into the fasteners that join the support plate and the hearth, allowing the self-centering of said fit with respect to the fasteners. In one of the possible preferred options, said longitudinal openings comprise a "U" plantar shape.

Since the accuracy and range of regulation of the system is determined exclusively by the thickness of the shims and the number thereof, the system adjustment steps can be freely selected. It is therefore possible to use thick shims for a vast system regulation, and finer shims for a finer regulation.

Preferably, the positioning system allows regulating the width of the tracks by modifying the lateral position of the rail. For this, the support plate has a toothed, coinciding with a tooth of a bushing located on said plate, so that when changing the relative position of the bushing and the support plate, a relative displacement occurs between the support plate and the hearth, thus modifying the width of the track. More preferably, the bushing comprises teeth with two different steps that allow choosing the precision of track width regulation.

Preferably, the system also comprises an insulating plate that maintains the flatness of the system and an anti-vibration sole that filters the vibrations generated in the rails.

Thus, a system capable of modifying the height and lateral position of the rail is achieved over a wide range after installation or execution of the work. Also, the system avoids interference to the passage of mobile elements that they move along the rails after leveling. This and other advantages of the invention will be apparent in light of the detailed description thereof.

Brief description of the drawings

In order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof and to complement this description, the following figures are attached as an integral part thereof, the character of which is illustrative and not limitative:

Figure 1 is a schematic of an embodiment of the system of the present invention before the incorporation of the shims.

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the same embodiment once incorporated shims for vertical regulation.

Figure 3 provides a perspective view of a support plate that allows vertical and lateral regulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a top perspective view of a skate support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4a shows a bottom perspective view of the skate support plate shown in the previous figure.

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a contact stop according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 provides a perspective view of an anti-vibration sole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 shows a perspective view of an insulating plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of an anchor insert according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 shows a perspective view of a fit adapted to be placed under the support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention

Figure 1 1 shows a top perspective view of a fit adapted to be placed between the support plate and the rail support plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 1 shows a bottom perspective view of the shim illustrated in the previous figure.

Figure 12 shows a perspective view of the lateral regulation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 provides a perspective view of a toothed bushing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

In this text, the term "comprises" and its derivations as "understanding", etc. they should not be understood in an exclusionary sense, that is, these terms should not be interpreted as excluding the possibility that what is described and defined may include more elements.

Preferred embodiments of this invention are described for the needs and dimensions of rails for container cranes. However, said description does not exclude the possibility of using the system described for other types of rails and vehicles.

In figure 1 a position adjustment system of a rail 1 according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is observed. The rail consists of a skate 1 'which rests on a skate support plate 5 also referred to herein as a plate under the rail for simplicity. The system also consists of two staples 2 that act as a fastening system for the rail 1 to the skid support plate 5, the staples 2 being in turn connected to the skid support plate by fastening means 9, preferably screws of inverted "T" shaped cam.

A contact stop 3 is located between the rail and each clip.

In turn, the skid support plate 5 is placed on a support plate 6 also called the base plate, which allows lateral adjustment as explained later by a toothed 6j and a toothed bushing 1 1. Each toothed bushing 1 1 is in turn fixed by fastening means 8, preferably anchoring screws, which also fix the base plate 6 to the leveling plate 7 and the typically concrete screed on which the entire system sits. For fixing to said hearth, the system also has of an anchor insert 10. It also consists of an anti-vibration sole 4.

In Figure 2, the same system is regulated in height by including shims between the plate under skate 5 and the base plate 6, which we will hereinafter call shims under skate 13; and shims arranged between the support plate 6 and the leveling plate 7 which we will call hereinafter shims under plate 14.

Figure 3 shows the base plate 6, preferably cast and with anticorrosive treatment. When incorporated into the complete system shown in previous figures, on said base plate 6, a plate is resting centered under skate 5, fastening clamps 2 being fixed on both sides of its central area by means of cam screws 9.

The base plate 6 is adapted to be fixed to a concrete screed by means of respective anchoring screws 8 and isolated therefrom by a leveling plate 7, preferably of polyethylene.

The base plate 6 has a mainly rectangular plan geometry with a raised central area 6g, which causes two lateral recesses 6h, extending again and mostly in two raised areas 6i towards its smaller sides and topped at its ends by a partition 6a that emerges perpendicular to the motherboard 6.

The partition 6a is in charge of supporting the lateral forces when the height adjustment of the system is carried out by means of shims under skid 13. The raised areas 6i incorporate respective longitudinal holes 6b for the passage through the head of the cam screws. 9.

Additionally, the base plate 6, in its central raised area 6g, incorporates, in proximity to its vertices, respective grooves 6c to accommodate, either some lugs 5d of the plate under skate 5 on its lower face or some lugs 13e that incorporate the shims under skate 13 on its lower face. Thus, a self-positioning between said elements is achieved. Figure 4 shows a plate under skate 5, preferably of polyamide, which acts as a support base for the clips 2, and as a support for the skate 1 'of the rail 1. The plate under skate 5 has a mostly rectangular geometry with two cuts in two of its vertices.

Said plate under skate 5 is provided on its lower face 5d 'of the lugs 5d that prevent its sliding on the base plate 6 when housed, either in the grooves 6c thereof, or in a drawing 13f comprising the shims under skate 13. Again, the described configuration allows these elements to be self-positioned. It also adapts to the geometry of the base plate 6 both in its central and raised side areas 6g, 6i, and is coupled to the side recesses 6h by means of thickens 5e that emerge inferiorly from the plate 5 itself, allowing its self-centering.

In its upper face it incorporates, in part of its major sides, projections 5b that make it impossible for the anti-vibratory support sole 4 to leave its arrangement, as well as partitions 5a arranged on its smaller sides that enable the support of the clamping clips 2 by one of its ends, being responsible for supporting the lateral forces transmitted by the clips 2. Likewise, it comprises respective longitudinal holes 5c for passage through the heads of the cam screws 9.

In figure 5 a clip 2 is observed, for lateral support, preferably cast and therefore rigid, and with anticorrosive treatment. The clips 2 are arranged on both sides of the skate 1 ', fixed to the base plate 6 by means of the cam screws 9, which enable the fastening of the rail 1, and supported at one of its ends on the partitions 5a of the plate under the skate 5 by lower cuts 2b.

The clips incorporate the respective hole 2c for the passage of the soul of the cam screws 9, counting in its lower face and in the section opposite to the lower cutout 2b of a convection recess 2a adapted to embrace part of the geometry of the skate 1 '. It is contemplated that respective contact stops 3, shown in Figure 6, cooperate with the fixing clips 2, said contact stops 3 are preferably made of polyamide, and have a curved configuration to snap into the emptying convex 2 of the clips 2. They also adapt to the geometry of the skate 1 'of the rail 1, also providing electrical insulation between the rail 1 and the clips 2.

Said contact stops 3 comprise respective emerging side skirts 3b suitable for fitting with the clips 2, as well as a succession of ribs 3a that improve friction with the clips 2.

Figure 7 shows an anti-vibration sole 4 of controlled stiffness, located between the skate 1 'of the rail and the plate under skate 5, more specifically in the central area between the projections 5b thereof. The anti-vibration sole makes the filtering of vibrations that can be generated with the passage of crane bearings. Before the passage of said crane, the anti-vibration sole 4 is compressed, acting as a spring.

In figure 8 an insulating plate 7, preferably of polyethylene, which isolates the base plate 6 from the hearth is observed. It is designed to facilitate concreting, maintain the flatness of the assembly and at the same time allow the sliding of the plates arranged superiorly, in the case that the width of the lane 1 must be adjusted laterally. Said insulating plate 7 incorporates respective holes 7a for the passage of the anchoring screws 8.

For the anchorage of the system to the concrete screed, the possibility is contemplated that the system includes an anchor insert 10 as seen in Figure 9. The anchor insert 10 is constituted by an upper body 10a and a body bottom 10b, snap-in to each other, so that it allows leveling the clamping point later to the concreting, thanks to the fact that it is possible to screw and unscrew the anchor screw 8 inside it, without damaging the anchor, or cutting the Solera.

For this, the base of the upper body 10a has a projection that determines an upper stop 10e, while the lower body 10b in proximity to its upper zone incorporates a recess that determines a lower stop 10f. Between both stops 10e, 10f there is a space 10c, suitable to be traveled at any point of its path by a nut housed therein.

Additionally, the lower body 10b comprises on its outer face, and below the lower stop 10f, a series of longitudinal steps 10d to prevent unwanted rotations in the hearth. Once the fixed elements of the system have been described, the elements necessary for height leveling as well as their operation are described below. After the installation of the clamping assembly, or due to modifications in the system resulting from its use, the height of the rails may differ from the desired value, being necessary a correction thereof. This is achieved by adding a series of shims 13, 14, without the need to disassemble the multiple elements that are part of a system of these characteristics. Depending on the thickness of the shims 13, 14, they must be arranged and increased in variable number under the base plate 6 and / or the plate under skate 5 until the desired height is reached.

Figure 10 shows the geometry of the shims under plate 14, located between the base plate 6 and the insulating plate 7. Said shims under plate 14 are preferably made of polyethylene and have variable thickness. They also have a rectangular plan geometry, with two openings:

- A first longitudinal opening 14a near one of its vertices, which, starting from one of the ends of one of its smaller sides, comprises a parallel path with respect to one of its major sides and towards the internal part of the wedge under plate 14, being finished off inside.

- A second longitudinal opening 14b, located on the largest side furthest from the opening 14a and close to the opposite vertex to which said opening 14a is arranged. The second longitudinal opening 14b comprises an oblique path from said major side to the opposite minor side to which is the opening 14a, being finished off in the internal part of the wedge under plate 14.

The geometry and particular arrangement of said openings 14a, 14b allow, prior loosening of the anchoring screws 8, their addition by the side of the system, so that the opening 14a is first coincided with one of the screws 8 passing through it. , and by means of a rotational movement of the wedge under plate 14, the oblique longitudinal opening 14b is matched with the other anchor screw 8, enabling the self-centering of the shims under plate 14 with respect to the anchor screws 8.

An example of a wedge under shoe 13, located between the base plate 6 and the plate under a skate 5, is shown in Figure 1 1. Preferably it is made of polyamide, and has a single thickness for simplicity, although embodiments using shims under skate 13 of different thicknesses are contemplated.

The bottom under skate 13 has mostly rectangular plantar geometry, and has a central area 13a on which the lower central face of the plate sits under skate 5, with respective lower side recesses 13b that border said central area 13a, from which they emerge from opposite raised vertices respective lateral wings 13c.

The shim or set of shims 13 arranged at a lower level in the system, that is, those closest to the base plate 6, have their lower recesses 13b adapted to be located in the side recesses 6h of the base plate 6, while the shims 13 arranged in a stacked manner fit together by the lower side recesses 13b present therein. Said side recesses 13b enable self-centering between shims 13, between the upper shim 13 and the plate under skid 5 or even between the lower shim 13 and the base plate 6.

The wings 13c comprise grooves 13d with "T" geometry and oriented in the same direction so as to enable the arrangement of the shim 13 through the front of the system, after loosening the cam screws 9, but without the need to disassemble integral elements of the system. In this way, the "T" geometry allows the entry and exit of cam screws 9 in both a horizontal and vertical direction.

The upper central area 13a comprises in proximity to its vertices, the embossments 13f that cause respective lugs 13e on its lower face, so as to ensure mutual and self-positioned coupling between shims under skate 13.

Consider next the case of a rail for cranes in which it is desired to obtain a height positioning range of up to 80 mm. This can be obtained, among many other combinations with the following shims:

-A set of shims under plate 14 of variable thicknesses up to 30 mm, so that the contribution of said shims is chosen by selecting a single shim under plate 14, the chosen thickness being equal to the increase in height obtained.

-A set of shims under skid 13 of constant thickness, whose sum of thicknesses is 50 mm, so that the exact value in that range is chosen by the number of shims under stacked skid.

Obviously, this same effect can be obtained with any other combination of fixed and variable thicknesses, and of a set of shims and single shims.

As a consequence, by choosing the thickness of the shims, a height positioning is achieved with a wide range of possible values (coarse adjustment), and at the same time, with the desired precision (fine adjustment)

Figure 12 shows in more detail the regulation for laterally correcting the track width, disposing for it in proximity to the raised areas 6i, but on a lower level, respective lateral regulation zones 6j. Said lateral adjustment zones 6j comprise a longitudinal central hole 6k for the passage of the anchor bolts 8, surrounded by two teeth zones 6d, 6d '. The teeth zones 6d, 6d 'are separated by grooves 6e and incorporating a regulation mark 6f indicating the zero position. This regulation mark is Especially useful in the case of non-symmetric regulation.

The zones 6d, 6d 'comprise the same teeth that have toothed areas 1 1 a, 1 1 b of some 1 1 droppers in their lower zone whose cooperation enables lateral regulation.

The teeth of zones 6d, 1 1 a are interspersed in relation to the respective teeth of zones 6d ', 1 1 b, allowing the passage to be reduced by half with a simple turn of 180 ^e . The tippers 1 1, shown in Figure 13, are preferably cast iron and have an anticorrosive treatment. Likewise, they incorporate between the two zones 1 1 a, 1 1 b a groove 1 1 c of separation coinciding with the grooves 6e of the base plate 6, as well as a central hole 1 1 d for the passage of the core of the anchor screw 8 Based on these elements, the preferable lateral adjustment of 60 mm., Is achieved by means of the 1 1 and the base plate 6 thanks to the distribution of the teeth that incorporate, which allow a minimum pitch of 2.5 mm.

For example, in the case of an asymmetric adjustment of up to 60 mm (- 15 / + 45 mm), the desired result can be obtained using the teeth of zones 6d, 1 1 at a step of 5 mm (adjustment thickness), and 2.5 mm in the passage of the teeth of the 6d 'zone, 1 1 b (fine adjustment)

Note that in the embodiment shown in the attached figures two track width regulators are employed, however, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, in other embodiments not shown another number of regulators will be used, for example four or six .

Also, although the present invention has been described in more detail with reference to some preferred embodiments thereof, other variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It is intended that such variations be covered by the scope of the present invention, defined by the following claims.

Claims

one . Positioning system of a rail (1), said rail (1) comprising a skate (1 ') where said system comprises

- a rigid support plate (6) adapted to be fixed to a hearth by means of first fasteners (8);

- a skid support plate (5) adapted to be fixed to the skid (1 ') by a few second fasteners (2), and to be fixed to the support plate (6) by means of third fasteners (9 );

- and a plurality of shims (13, 14), adapted to be stacked in the positioning system, thus selecting a rail height (1) - characterized in that the plurality of shims comprises at least one shim of a first type of shim ( 13) adapted to be placed between the support plate (6) and the skate support plate (5) and because the first type of fit (13) comprises at least two lateral wings (13c) emerging from opposite vertices, which they comprise respectively parallel openings (13d) mostly longitudinal and oriented in the same direction, adapted to allow their insertion in the third fasteners (9) adapted to fix the support plate (6) and the skate support plate (5) .

2. A rail positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first type of shim (13) comprises lateral recesses (13b) adapted to fit and mutually center shims of said first type of shim (13).

3. A rail positioning system according to claim 2 characterized in that the support plate (6) comprises lateral recesses (6h), and because the lateral recesses (13b) of the first type of shims are coincident with the lateral recesses (6h ) of the support plate (6).

4. Positioning system of a rail according to any of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the skid support plate (5) comprises a mostly flat lower area (5d ') and lower thickeners (5e); because at least one fit of the first type of wedge (13) comprises a mostly flat central area (13a) coinciding with the mostly flat bottom area (5d ') of the skate support plate (5); and because the recesses (13b) of the first type of fit (13) are coincident with the lower thicknesses (5e) of the support plate (5).

5. Positioning system of a rail according to claim 4 characterized in that the upper central area (13a) of the first type of shim

(13) comprises at least one drawing (13f) that causes at least one stud (13e) on its lower face, adapted to couple and mutually position shims of the first type of fit (13).

6. A rail positioning system according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support plate (6) further comprises lateral partitions (6a) adapted to withstand a lateral effort when stacking the first type of shim (13).

7. A rail positioning system according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the plurality of shims comprises at least one shim of a second type of shim (14) adapted to be placed under the support plate (6).

8. A rail positioning system according to claim 7 characterized in that said at least one fit of a second type of fit

(14) includes:

-a first longitudinal opening (14a) that begins on a smaller side of the shim (14) towards the internal part thereof and finished off inside;

- and a second longitudinal opening (14b), which begins on the major side furthest from the minor side where the first longitudinal opening (14a) is made and finished off in the internal part of the shim (14);

in which the openings (14a, 14b) allow the insertion of the second type of shim (14) from one side of the system, when the first opening (14a) coincides with one of the first fasteners (8), and by means of a movement Rotary of the shim (14), when the second longitudinal opening (14b) coincides with another of the first fasteners (8).

9. A rail positioning system according to claim 8 characterized in that the first longitudinal opening (14a) comprises a parallel path with respect to at least one major side of the second type of shim (14) and the second longitudinal opening (14b) comprises a oblique path to the opposite side where the first longitudinal opening (14a) is made.

10. A rail positioning system according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the support plate (6) comprises a toothing (6d, 6d ') and a longitudinal central hole (6k) adapted to allow the passage of the second screws ( 8); and because it further comprises a bushing (1 1) with a gear (1 1 a, 1 1 b) coinciding with the gear (6d, 6d ') of the support plate (6); so that the relative position of the bushing (1 1) and the support plate (6) causes a displacement of the lateral position of the rail (1).

eleven . A rail positioning system according to claim 10 characterized in that a first toothing of the support plate (6d) and a first toothing of the bushing (1 1 a) have a double passage than a second toothing of the support plate (6d ' ) and a second toothing of the bushing (1 1 b), so that by turning the bushing the precision of the lateral position offset of the rail (1) can be selected.

12. A rail positioning system according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the second fasteners (2) are staples for lateral support of the skate (1 ').

13. A rail positioning system according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it further comprises an insulating plate (7).

14. A rail positioning system according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that it further comprises an anti-vibration sole (4).