WO2013038286A1 - Recharge de batterie utilisant des références croisées avec les applications concernées pour la limitation dynamique du courant - Google Patents

Recharge de batterie utilisant des références croisées avec les applications concernées pour la limitation dynamique du courant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013038286A1
WO2013038286A1 PCT/IB2012/054405 IB2012054405W WO2013038286A1 WO 2013038286 A1 WO2013038286 A1 WO 2013038286A1 IB 2012054405 W IB2012054405 W IB 2012054405W WO 2013038286 A1 WO2013038286 A1 WO 2013038286A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
charge
circuit
amount
sink
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/054405
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Lewis Haberland
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority to US14/343,394 priority Critical patent/US9948124B2/en
Priority to JP2014530339A priority patent/JP6059231B2/ja
Priority to CN201280044279.2A priority patent/CN103797678B/zh
Publication of WO2013038286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013038286A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage

Definitions

  • the present disclosure pertains to systems and methods for charging a battery, and, in particular, to charging the battery of a device while the device is operating and drawing a varying device current.
  • electric and electronic devices may be powered by a rechargeable battery. It is well known that a power supply may be external to the device it powers and/or charges. It is well known that the battery of a device may be charged at the same time the device is operating. It is well known that the electrical power and/or current a device uses may vary over time and/or based on operating conditions of the device. It is well known that power supplies and other devices for charging a battery have a maximum supply current, and that a device or system should not draw more current than the maximum supply current.
  • the system includes an input connector configured to electrically couple the system with an external supply source, a device connector configured to electrically couple the system with a device to receive a device current, wherein the device draws power received through the device connector from the external supply source, a first sink circuit, a second sink circuit, a charge control circuit configured to control a charge current to charge a battery.
  • the external supply source may supply a supply voltage and a supply current, and have a maximum supply current.
  • the external supply source may be a separate and discrete device from the system.
  • the device may draw a device current having an amount that varies with operating conditions of the device.
  • the first sink circuit may be configured to draw a sink current from the supply current received through the input connector, wherein an amount of the sink current indicates an amount of the supply current received through the input connector from the external supply source.
  • the second sink circuit may be configured to draw a bias current from the supply current received through the input connector, wherein an amount of the bias current indicates an amount of the maximum supply current of the external supply source.
  • the charge control circuit may be configured to control a charge current to charge the battery from the supply current received through the input connector, wherein the amount of the charge current varies over time based on the sink current and the bias current such that the amount of the charge current combined with the varying amount of the device current of the device is maintained below the maximum supply current.
  • the method comprises electrically coupling a system configured to charge a battery with an external supply source to receive a supply voltage and a supply current from the external supply source, wherein the external supply source has a maximum supply current; electrically coupling the system configured to charge the battery with a device to receive a device current from the external supply source, wherein an amount of the device current varies with operating conditions of the device; automatically determining the supply current of the external supply source; determining the maximum supply current of the external supply source; automatically controlling a charge current received from the external supply source based on the determinations such that an amount of the charge current combined with the varying amount of the device current is maintained below the maximum supply current; and charging a battery with the controlled charge current.
  • the system comprises means for electrically coupling a system configured to charge a battery with an external supply source to receive a supply voltage and a supply current from the external supply source, wherein the external supply source has a maximum supply current; means for electrically coupling a system configured to charge a battery with a device to receive a device current from the external supply source, wherein an amount of the device current varies with operating conditions of the device; means for automatically determining the supply current of the external supply source; means for determining the maximum supply current of the external supply source; means for automatically controlling a charge current received from the external supply source based on the determined supply current and the determined maximum supply current, such that an amount of the charge current combined with the varying amount of device current is maintained below the maximum supply current; and means for charging a battery with the controlled charge current.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system configured to charge a battery of a device while the device is operating
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a graph of the device current and the charge
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a method for charging a battery of a device while the device is operating.
  • the word "unitary” means a component is created as a single piece or unit. That is, a component that includes pieces that are created separately and then coupled together as a unit is not a “unitary” component or body.
  • the statement that two or more parts or components "engage” one another shall mean that the parts exert a force against one another either directly or through one or more intermediate parts or components.
  • the term “number” shall mean one or an integer greater than one (i.e., a plurality).
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system 10 configured to receive power from an external supply source, and to charge a battery 18 and/or power a device 17 with the received power.
  • System 10 may be configured such that charging of battery 18 may be enhanced with respect to speed, efficiency, and/or other aspects by using available power from the external supply source that is not being used to power device 17 to charge battery 18.
  • System 10 may include one or more of an input connector 2, a device connector 17b, a battery connector 18b, a first sink circuit 4, a second sink circuit 5, a charge control circuit 6, a sampling circuit 7, an identification circuit 113, a digital-to- analog converter 19, a processor 110, and/or other components.
  • System 10 may be electrically coupled to an external supply source to receive a supply voltage 2b and a supply current 2a through input connector 2.
  • System 10 may be electrically coupled to a device to receive a device current 17a through device connector 17b.
  • Device connector 17b may be a lead and/or may be integrated into, e.g., system 10.
  • Device 17 may be configured to draw power received through input connector 2 from the external source supply.
  • Device 17 may draw device current 17a from the external supply source, which may contribute to the amount of supply current 2a.
  • Device current 17a may vary with operating conditions of device 17.
  • the external supply source may have a maximum supply current. System 10 should not draw more current in total from the external supply source than the maximum supply current.
  • the external supply source may be a separate and discrete device from system 10, though electrically connected through input connector 2.
  • Device 17 may for example be an oxygen concentrator, and/or another (medical) device. Note that the disclosure provided herein is not intended to be limited to one device, or one type of devices.
  • device current 17a may vary and/or change depending on the operating conditions of device 17. Alternatively, and/or simultaneously, device current 17a may vary periodically and/or according to unpredictable changes.
  • device current 17a may vary according to a triangle wave (or sine wave, and/or any other shape wave or combination thereof) and may have a predetermined period, such that device current 17a is limited by an upper current limit and a lower current limit.
  • the predetermined period if present, may be 1ms, 0.1s, Is, 10s, 1 minute, 10 minutes, and/or another predetermined period.
  • the circuitry and/or components of system 10 used to charge battery 18 may not have control over and/or predictive knowledge of the exact amount of device current 17a that device 17 draws from the external supply source at any given moment during operation of device 17.
  • the maximum supply current of the external supply source minus the present device current 17a may equal the maximum theoretical amount of current that may be available to charge battery 18 simultaneously with operating device 17, assuming there is no other power supply other than the external supply source.
  • the current used to charge battery 18 may be referred to as charge current 18a, which may contribute to the amount of supply current 2a.
  • Battery connector 18b may be a lead and/or may be integrated into, e.g., system 10 and/or charge circuit 6.
  • battery 18 may be integrated in system 10.
  • battery connector 18b may be a physical connector in embodiments where battery 18 is separate and discrete from the rest of system 10, i.e. not integrated in system 10.
  • System 10 may be electrically coupled to battery 18 through battery connector 17b.
  • Battery 18 may draw charge current 18a through battery connector 18b.
  • a battery charging circuit may determine the difference of the maximum supply current of the external supply source and the upper current limit for device 17, and safely use the previously determined remaining amount of current as charge current 18a to charge battery 18. However, if the amount of the present device current 17a drops below the upper current limit, even if only temporarily, then merely using the previously
  • determined remaining amount of current to charge battery 18 may not enhance efficiency.
  • System 10 may be designed to use all or nearly all of the maximum supply current from the external supply source while device current 17a dynamically varies by automatically determining the amount of charge current 18a. For example, this may be accomplished by the techniques described herein, and/or through other techniques.
  • First sink circuit 4 may be configured to draw a sink current 4a from supply current 2a (sink current 4a may be very small compared to supply current 2a), wherein the amount of sink current 4a may indicate the amount of supply current 2a of the external supply source.
  • first sink circuit 4 includes a current amplifier 4c having inputs that are electrically coupled to opposite sides of a circuit component 3 configured to establish a voltage difference, e.g. at or near input connector 2.
  • circuit component 3 may include a resistor with a small resistance, such as ⁇ , ⁇ , and/or another amount of resistance.
  • the output voltage of current amplifier 4c may positively correlate to supply current 2a, e.g. proportionally.
  • Current sink 4b may be electrically coupled to the output of current amplifier 4c, such that the amount of current that current sink 4b draws is positively correlated to the output voltage of current amplifier 4c, e.g. proportionally.
  • Second sink circuit 5 may be configured to draw a bias current 5a from supply current 2a (bias current 5a may be very small compared to supply current 2a), wherein the amount of bias current 5a may indicate the amount of the maximum supply current of the external supply source.
  • the amount of sink current 5a that second sink circuit 5 draws, e.g. through bias control circuit 5b, may be negatively correlated to the maximum supply current of the external supply source, e.g. proportionally.
  • bias control circuit 5b may be a current sink, e.g. having a similar transfer function as current sink 4b.
  • the maximum supply current may be detected, programmed, manually set, or obtained by other means. In some embodiments, the maximum supply current may be detected automatically through an identification circuit 113, a processor 110, a digital-to-analog converter 19, and/or other components, operating in conjunction with bias control circuit 5b.
  • the characteristic circuit component may be a so-called ID resistor having a resistance that corresponds in a known manner to the maximum supply current.
  • Known techniques and circuitry referred to herein as identification circuit 113, may be used to "read" the characteristic circuit component, i.e. determine the resistance of the ID resistor.
  • an identification module 11 1 which may be an executable computer program module executed by processor 110, may be configured to identify the characteristic circuit component within the external supply source.
  • Another executable program module, converter control module 112 may be configured to control DAC 19, based on the identified circuit component, such that DAC 19 controls bias control circuit 5b, and thus the amount of bias current 5a the second sink circuit draws.
  • First sink circuit 4 and second sink circuit 5 may be arranged to draw current through sampling circuit 7, which may be designed to establish a voltage difference.
  • sampling circuit 7 may include a resistor with a small resistance, such as 1 ⁇ , 10 ⁇ , and/or another amount of resistance.
  • Sampling circuit 7 may be electrically coupled between supply voltage 2b and both first sink circuit 4 and second sink circuit 5, such that a voltage drop 7 a across sampling circuit 7 may be based on the amount of sink current 5b and bias current 5a.
  • Charge control circuit 6 may be configured to control charge current 18a based on sink current 5a and bias current 4a (and/or based on voltage drop 7a as determined by sampling the voltage on opposite sides of sampling circuit 7), such that the amount of charge current 18a (varying over time) plus the varying amount of device current 17a is maintained below the maximum supply current of the external supply source. Charge control circuit 6 may typically not be able to change device current 17a or the maximum supply current. Charge control circuit 6 may be configured to control charge current 18a such that charge current 18a is adjusted until the sampled voltage drop 7a approximates a target voltage drop.
  • sampling circuit 7 comprises a 10 ⁇ resistor and the target voltage drop is lOOmV, which corresponds to a target current of 10mA through sampling circuit 7. Operating conditions in which the present charge current 18a is below the maximum theoretical amount of available charge current may correspond to a sampled voltage drop 7a below the target voltage drop.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a graph 20 of device current 17a and charge current 18a varying over time.
  • An embodiment of a system similar to or the same as system 10 (shown in FIG. 1) that corresponds to graph 20 depicted in FIG. 2 may operate in conjunction with an external supply source that has a maximum supply current of 8 A.
  • Device current 17a in FIG. 2 varies according to current function 21, which appears to be a triangular wave pattern with a predetermined period.
  • the predetermined period may for example be 10s, e.g. for an oxygen concentrator. Other periods are also contemplated, as are unpredictable current function and/or current functions without periodicity.
  • Current function 21 starts at a lower current limit 22, which may represent, e.g., a current of 5A.
  • a half of the period later, current function 21 reaches upper current limit 23, which may represent, e.g., a current of 6.5A.
  • Another half of the period later, current function 21 again reaches the same level as lower current limit 22.
  • the embodiment of a system similar to or the same as system 10 (shown in FIG. 1) that corresponds to graph 20 depicted in FIG. 2 may include an identification circuit similar to or the same as identification circuit 113 (shown in FIG. 1), which may have identified a characteristic circuit component within an external supply source (similar to or the same as the external supply source described in relation to FIG. 1) that is known to correspond to a maximum supply current of 8A.
  • the embodiment of a system similar to or the same as system 10 (shown in FIG. 1) that corresponds to graph 20 may draw a supply current from the external supply source, wherein the supply current is similar to or the same as supply current 2a (shown in FIG. 1).
  • Information pertaining to the maximum supply current may be used, e.g.
  • bias current may generally be controlled according to the following formula:
  • bias current 10mA - ((maximum supply current)/ 1000).
  • the embodiment of a system similar to or the same as system 10 (shown in FIG. 1) that corresponds to graph 20 may draw a sink current similar to or the same as sink current 4a (shown in FIG. 1) of 5mA.
  • sink current 4a shown in FIG. 1
  • the embodiment of a system similar to or the same as system 10 (shown in FIG. 1) that corresponds to graph 20 may include a sampling circuit similar to or the same as sampling circuit 7 (shown in FIG. 1).
  • the current through the sampling circuit may thus be 7mA, such that the voltage drop across the sampling circuit is 70mV.
  • the embodiment of a system similar to or the same as system 10 (shown in FIG. 1) that corresponds to graph 20 may include a charge control circuit similar to or the same as charge control circuit 6 (shown in FIG. 1).
  • the embodiment of a system similar to or the same as system 10 (shown in FIG. 1) that corresponds to graph 20 may include a battery (similar to or the same as battery 18 shown in FIG. 1) arranged to be charged by charge current 18a, of graph 20, that is controlled by the charge control circuit.
  • the charge control circuit may increase charge current 18a that charges the battery until the voltage drop across the sampling circuit equals a target voltage drop of lOOmV, which occurs when charge current 18a is 3 A (indicated by upper current limit 25 of current function 24 in FIG. 2). At that moment, the supply current matches the maximum supply current of 8A. Approximately half of the period of current function 21 later, device current 17a reaches 6.5 A. Meanwhile, the charge control circuit has adjusted charge current 18a down to 1.5A (indicated by lower current limit 26 of current function 24 in FIG. 2), such that the voltage drop across the sampling circuit continues to match the target voltage drop of 1 OOmV, and the supply current continues to match the maximum supply current of 8A. As shown in FIG. 2, the sum of device current 17a and charge current 18a is constant, and matches the maximum supply current, in this example 8 A. Marker 27 in FIG. 2 indicates that opposite extreme values of current function 21 and current function 24 occur at or near the same moment in time.
  • user interface 120 of system 10 in FIG. 1 may be configured to provide an interface between system 10 and a user (e.g., user 108) through which the user can provide information to and receive information from system 10.
  • a user e.g., user 108
  • This enables data, results, and/or instructions and any other communicable items, collectively referred to as "information," to be communicated between the user and system 10.
  • An example of information that may be conveyed to user 108 is information regarding the current external supply source being used to charge battery 18.
  • Examples of interface devices suitable for inclusion in user interface 120 include a keypad, buttons, switches, a keyboard, knobs, levers, a display screen, a touch screen, speakers, a microphone, an indicator light, an audible alarm, and a printer.
  • Information may be provided to user 108 by user interface 120 in the form of auditory signals, visual signals, tactile signals, and/or other sensory signals, or any combination thereof.
  • user interface 120 may include a radiation source capable of emitting light.
  • the radiation source may include, for example, one or more of at least one LED, at least one light bulb, a display screen, and/or other sources.
  • User interface 120 may control the radiation source to emit light in a manner that conveys to user 108 information related to the current level of supply current 2a.
  • user interface 120 may be integrated with a removable storage interface provided by electronic storage 130.
  • information is loaded into system 10 from removable storage (e.g., a smart card, a flash drive, a removable disk, etc.) that enables the user(s) to customize the implementation of system 10.
  • removable storage e.g., a smart card, a flash drive, a removable disk, etc.
  • Other exemplary input devices and techniques adapted for use with system 10 as user interface 120 include, but are not limited to, an RS-232 port, RF link, an IR link, modem (telephone, cable, Ethernet, internet or other). In short, any technique for communicating information with system 10 is contemplated as user interface 120.
  • Electronic storage 130 of system 10 in FIG. 1 comprises electronic storage media that electronically stores information.
  • the electronic storage media of electronic storage 130 may include one or both of system storage that is provided integrally (i.e., substantially non-removable) with system 10 and/or removable storage that is removably connectable to system 10 via, for example, a port (e.g., a USB port, a FireWire port, etc.) or a drive (e.g., a disk drive, etc.).
  • a port e.g., a USB port, a FireWire port, etc.
  • a drive e.g., a disk drive, etc.
  • Electronic storage 130 may include one or more of optically readable storage media (e.g., optical disks, etc.), magnetically readable storage media (e.g., magnetic tape, magnetic hard drive, floppy drive, etc.), electrical charge- based storage media (e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, RAM, etc.), solid-state storage media (e.g., flash drive, etc.), and/or other electronically readable storage media.
  • Electronic storage 130 may store software algorithms, information determined by processor 1 10, information received via user interface 120, and/or other information that enables system 10 to function properly. For example, electronic storage 130 may record or store one or more measurements of current levels such as supply current 2a and/or charge current 18a (as discussed elsewhere herein), and/or other information.
  • Electronic storage 130 may be a separate component within system 10, or electronic storage 130 may be provided integrally with one or more other components of system 10 (e.g., processor 1 10).
  • Processor 1 10 of system 10 in FIG. 1 is configured to provide information processing capabilities in system 10.
  • processor 1 10 includes one or more of a digital processor, an analog processor, a digital circuit designed to process information, an analog circuit designed to process information, a state machine, and/or other mechanisms for electronically processing information.
  • processor 110 is shown in FIG. 1 as a single entity, this is for illustrative purposes only. In some
  • processor 110 includes a plurality of processing units.
  • processor 1 10 is configured to execute one or more computer program modules.
  • the one or more computer program modules include one or more of an identification module 111 , a converter control module 112, and/or other modules.
  • Processor 110 may be configured to execute modules 1 11 and/or 1 12 by software; hardware; firmware; some combination of software, hardware, and/or firmware; and/or other mechanisms for configuring processing capabilities on processor 110.
  • modules 11 1 and 1 12 are illustrated in FIG. 1 as being co-located within a single processing unit, in implementations in which processor 110 includes multiple processing units, one or more of modules 1 11 and/or 112 may be located remotely from the other modules.
  • the description of the functionality provided by the different modules 11 1 and/or 112 described below is for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to be limiting, as any of modules 111 and/or 1 12 may provide more or less functionality than is described.
  • processor 110 may be configured to execute one or more additional modules that may perform some or all of the functionality attributed below to one of modules 1 11 and/or 112.
  • Identification module 111 of system 10 in FIG. 1 may be configured to identify a circuit component within the external supply source.
  • This circuit component may be a characteristic circuit component, such as a resistor with a particular resistance, which may correspond in a known manner to the maximum supply current of the external supply source. Information pertaining to the maximum supply current may be used by other modules, and/or other components of system 10.
  • Converter control module 112 of system 10 in FIG. 1 may be configured to control DAC 19, e.g. based on the identified circuit component by identification module 1 11, such that DAC 19 controls bias control circuit 5b, and thus the amount of bias current 5a that second sink circuit 5 draws.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a method 300 for charging battery 18 while device 17 is operating.
  • the operations of method 300 presented below are intended to be illustrative. In some embodiments, method 300 may be accomplished with one or more additional operations not described, and/or without one or more of the operations discussed.
  • method 300 may be implemented in one or more processing devices (e.g., a digital processor, an analog processor, a digital circuit designed to process information, an analog circuit designed to process information, a state machine, and/or other mechanisms for electronically processing information).
  • the one or more processing devices may include one or more devices executing some or all of the operations of method 300 in response to instructions stored electronically on an electronic storage medium.
  • the one or more processing devices may include one or more devices configured through hardware, firmware, and/or software to be specifically designed for execution of one or more of the operations of method 300.
  • a system configured to charge a battery is electrically coupled with an external supply source.
  • operation 302 is performed by a connector similar to or substantially the same as input connector 2 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above).
  • the system configured to charge the battery is electrically coupled with a device to receive a device current that varies over time with operating conditions of the device.
  • operation 303 is performed by a device connector similar to or substantially the same as device connector 17b (shown in FIG. 1 and described above).
  • operation 304 the supply current received from the external supply source is automatically determined.
  • operation 304 is performed by a sink circuit similar to or substantially the same as first sink circuit 4 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above).
  • operation 306 the maximum supply current of the external supply source is determined.
  • operation 306 is performed by a sink circuit similar to or substantially the same as second sink circuit 5 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above).
  • a charge current is automatically controlled based on the determinations of the supply current and the maximum supply current.
  • operation 308 is performed by a charge control circuit similar to or substantially the same as charge control circuit 6 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above).
  • operation 310 a battery is charged with the controlled charge current, such that the charge current plus the varying device current are maintained below the maximum supply current.
  • operation 310 is performed by a charge control circuit similar to or substantially the same as charge control circuit 6 (shown in FIG. 1 and described above).
  • any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
  • the word “comprising” or “including” does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those listed in a claim.
  • several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware.
  • the word “a” or “an” preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.
  • any device claim enumerating several means several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware.
  • the mere fact that certain elements are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that these elements cannot be used in combination.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des systèmes et procédés destinés à la régulation dynamique de la limite du courant de charge mis en œuvre pour recharger une batterie d'un dispositif, l'invention impliquant de déterminer la différence entre, d'une part le courant d'alimentation maximal d'une source d'alimentation extérieure, et d'autre part le courant propre du dispositif tel qu'il évolue dans le temps, pendant son fonctionnement. L'invention permet ainsi de recharger une batterie plus rapidement en se servant d'un courant de charge qui, combiné avec le courant propre du dispositif en fonctionnement, ne dépasse pas le courant d'alimentation maximal de la source d'alimentation extérieure.
PCT/IB2012/054405 2011-09-13 2012-08-28 Recharge de batterie utilisant des références croisées avec les applications concernées pour la limitation dynamique du courant WO2013038286A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/343,394 US9948124B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2012-08-28 Battery charging with dynamic current limiting
JP2014530339A JP6059231B2 (ja) 2011-09-13 2012-08-28 動的な電流制限を有するバッテリ充電
CN201280044279.2A CN103797678B (zh) 2011-09-13 2012-08-28 具有动态电流限制的电池充电

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161533916P 2011-09-13 2011-09-13
US61/533,916 2011-09-13

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US (1) US9948124B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP6059231B2 (fr)
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JP6059231B2 (ja) 2017-01-11
CN103797678A (zh) 2014-05-14
US9948124B2 (en) 2018-04-17
US20140210268A1 (en) 2014-07-31
CN103797678B (zh) 2016-10-26

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