WO2013037219A1 - 一种信道探测的方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

一种信道探测的方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013037219A1
WO2013037219A1 PCT/CN2012/076491 CN2012076491W WO2013037219A1 WO 2013037219 A1 WO2013037219 A1 WO 2013037219A1 CN 2012076491 W CN2012076491 W CN 2012076491W WO 2013037219 A1 WO2013037219 A1 WO 2013037219A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
station
receiving
broadcast packet
ndpa
beamforming report
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PCT/CN2012/076491
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏林峰
陈庆勇
王学寰
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2013037219A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013037219A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, and a system for channel sounding.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Wireless communication protocol The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802. l lac introduced a high throughput detection mechanism (VHT Sounding Protocol) is a type of beamforming initiator (beamf ormer) And the channel detection mechanism between the beamforming receiver (beamf ormee).
  • the high throughput detection mechanism is divided into the following two types according to its application scenario: Multi-user multiple input multiple output (Multi-user multiple input multiple output, hereinafter referred to as MU-MIM0) and single-user multiple input and multiple output mechanism (Single-user) Multiple input multiple output , hereinafter abbreviated as SU- MIM0).
  • Multi-user multiple input multiple output hereinafter referred to as MU-MIM0
  • Single-user multiple input and multiple output mechanism Single-user multiple input and multiple output mechanism
  • SU- MIM0 Multi-user multiple input multiple output
  • the physical device corresponding to Beamformer is an access point (AP)
  • AP access point
  • the physical device corresponding to Beamformee is a station (Station).
  • the physical device corresponding to the Beamformer can be a certain STA, and the physical device corresponding to the Beamformee can be other STAs.
  • TX0P Transmit opportunity
  • TX0P refers to a bounded period in which a transmitting station obtains a specific communication category through a competition mechanism of a contention period.
  • a successful transmitting site can monopolize media resources and send single or multiple data frames to other sites.
  • TX0P has the longest time limit and needs to be re-competed when it is over.
  • the sending station will send an empty packet notification first (Nul l Data
  • NDPA Packet Announcement
  • the relevant receiving stations shown in Figure 1 take 3 as examples, and in actual applications, there may be 2 or more; NDPA
  • the frame format of the broadcast packet can be referred to FIG. 2.
  • NDP null packet
  • the sending station will send a null packet (Nul l Data Packet, hereinafter referred to as NDP) broadcast packet, and all relevant receiving stations calculate the phase for the received NDP broadcast packet.
  • NDP Null Data Packet
  • STA Information hereinafter referred to as STA Info
  • the calculated channel feedback information is immediately sent to the transmitting site.
  • the calculated channel feedback information is sent to the transmitting station immediately when they receive the Beamforming Repot Poll from the transmitting station, respectively.
  • This channel feedback information passes through the high throughput beam.
  • the VHT Compressed Beamforming feeds back the corresponding information.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, apparatus, and system for channel sounding, which are used to reduce the waiting time of a receiving station, thereby saving power.
  • a method for channel sounding including:
  • a method for channel sounding including:
  • a site including:
  • An NDPA broadcast packet sending unit configured to send an empty packet to notify the NDPA broadcast packet, to notify all relevant receiving sites to prepare for detection;
  • An NDP broadcast packet sending unit configured to continue to send a null packet NDP broadcast packet, so that the relevant receiving station receives the NDP broadcast packet, and then calculates respective related channel feedback information
  • a first channel feedback information receiving unit configured to receive channel feedback information sent by a receiving station corresponding to the first station information carried in the NDPA broadcast packet;
  • the second channel feedback information receiving unit is configured to send a feedback request to the other receiving stations in order from the front to the back according to the arrangement order of the site information in the NDPA broadcast packet, to receive the channel feedback information sent by the other receiving stations.
  • a site including:
  • the NDPA broadcast packet receiving unit is configured to receive an NDPA broadcast packet sent by the sending station, and prepare for detecting;
  • the NDP broadcast packet receiving unit is configured to receive an NDP broadcast packet sent by the sending station, and calculate related channel feedback information
  • the waking unit is configured to wake up until a predetermined sleep time is reached, and wake up to receive a feedback request sent by the sending station;
  • a feedback information sending unit configured to send the channel feedback information to the sending station after receiving the feedback request.
  • a wireless communication system including: a transmitting station and at least two receiving stations; the transmitting station is a site provided by the foregoing aspect;
  • the receiving stations of the at least two receiving stations except the first receiving station are the sites provided by the other aspect described above.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, and a system for channel sounding, in which a sending station sequentially sends a feedback request to a receiving station other than the first one, and the receiving station except the first one does not have to Waiting to receive the feedback request, but entering sleep until the predetermined sleep time is reached to wake up to receive the feedback request; thus, the waiting time of the receiving station can be reduced as much as possible without affecting the reception of the feedback request. In turn, the purpose of power saving is achieved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the MU-MIM0 scene mechanism
  • 2 is a frame format of an IEEE802.l lac NDPA broadcast packet
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a channel detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a channel detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a channel detecting method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for calculating a predetermined sleep time
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a method of calculating a predetermined sleep time
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all An embodiment. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for channel sounding, which may be used in a MU-MIM0 scenario of an ad hoc network composed of a basic service set BSS or a non-essential service set BSS, and the steps of the method are performed.
  • the main body may be a station.
  • the station since the station acts as a beamformer in a high throughput detection mechanism, the station is referred to as a transmitting station.
  • the method as shown in FIG. 3, includes:
  • the sending station sends an NDPA broadcast packet to notify the relevant receiving station to prepare for the probe.
  • the physical device corresponding to the Beamformer is an access point (AP, Access Point).
  • the physical device corresponding to the beamformee is the STA (STA, Stat ion).
  • the physical device corresponding to the Beamformer can be an STA, and the physical device corresponding to the Beamformee can be other STAs.
  • the sending station continues to send a null packet NDP broadcast packet, so that the relevant receiving station receives the relevant channel feedback information after receiving the NDP broadcast packet. 5103. Receive channel feedback information sent by the receiving station corresponding to the first station information carried in the NDPA broadcast packet.
  • the NDPA broadcast packet carries n ( n ⁇ 2 ) site information (STA Information, which can be abbreviated as STA Info), which indicates the sending site. It is necessary to receive channel feedback information of n receiving stations, and the n receiving stations and n STA Infos carried by the NDPA broadcast packets correspond to each other.
  • STA Information which can be abbreviated as STA Info
  • the receiving station corresponding to the i-th (lin) STA Info (ie, STA Info i ) carried in the NDPA broadcast packet is referred to as an i-th receiving site; wherein, i is broadcast as a site information in NDPA
  • each receiving site has an Association Identity (hereinafter referred to as AID), and each STA Info includes an AID; if the AID of the two is the same, the two correspond to each other.
  • AID Association Identity
  • the receiving station corresponding to the first station information carried in the NDPA broadcast packet may be referred to as a first receiving station; specifically, the first receiving station refers to the receiving station's AID and received
  • the receiving site of the first STA Info (ie STA Info 1) field in the NDPA broadcast packet is equal to the receiving site of the same AID.
  • the first receiving station After receiving the NDP broadcast packet, the first receiving station performs channel estimation according to the received NDP broadcast packet and calculates channel feedback information from the channel estimation, and does not enter sleep until the channel feedback information is sent to the sending station, so that this step
  • the medium transmitting station first receives the channel feedback information of the first receiving station.
  • the order of the site information in the NDPA broadcast packet is the order of the above n site information.
  • the other sites refer to receiving sites other than the first receiving site, specifically the second to nth receiving sites.
  • the sending station sequentially sends a feedback request to the second to nth receiving stations to receive channel feedback information of the receiving stations.
  • the transmitting station needs to obtain the channel feedback information of the receiving station.
  • the sending station may send a feedback request, but the receiving station does not send the information.
  • Channel feedback information is sent to the sending site.
  • the sending station receives NDPA after transmitting an NDPA broadcast packet and an NDP broadcast packet in a MU-MIM0 scenario of a network composed of a BSS or a non-basic service set BSS.
  • the receiving site corresponding to the first site information carried in the broadcast packet
  • the channel feedback information is sent; the feedback request is sent to other receiving stations in order from the front to the back according to the order of the site information in the NDPA broadcast packet, to receive channel feedback information sent by other receiving stations.
  • the receiving station except the first one does not have to wait for receiving the feedback request, but goes to sleep until the scheduled arrival.
  • the sleep time only wakes up to receive the feedback request; in this way, the waiting time of the receiving station can be reduced as much as possible without affecting the receiving feedback request, thereby achieving the purpose of power saving.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides another method for channel sounding, which may be used in a MU-MIM0 scenario of an ad hoc network composed of a basic service set BSS or a non-essential service set BSS, and the steps of the method are
  • the execution subject may be a station. Specifically, in this embodiment, since the station is a beamformee in a high throughput detection mechanism, the station is referred to as a receiving station. And it should be noted that since the first receiving station does not go to sleep and immediately sends channel feedback information to the transmitting station, the same method is used for the first receiving station in the whole channel detecting process; The method shown in 4 applies to receiving sites other than the first receiving site. That is, the execution subject of the method is any one of the second to nth receiving sites.
  • the method is as shown in FIG. 4, including:
  • S20 K receives the NDPA broadcast packet sent by the sending station to prepare for the probe
  • the step of receiving the NDP broadcast packet sent by the sending station performing channel estimation according to receiving the NDP broadcast packet, and calculating channel information related to itself by the channel estimation.
  • the predetermined sleep time may be obtained according to an empirical value, and is pre-stored in the receiving station in advance, and may also be stored in a database of another device, after the receiving station and the transmitting station have just established a connection, and Before the S201 is performed, each receiving station reads the predetermined sleep time from the database.
  • each receiving station reads the predetermined sleep time from the database.
  • the receiving station except the first one can wake itself up according to the preset sleep time, so that other receiving stations do not have to wait for receiving the feedback request, but go to sleep until the predetermined sleep time is reached to wake up to receive.
  • the request is feedback, so that the waiting time of the receiving station can be reduced as much as possible without affecting the reception of the feedback request, so as to save power.
  • S204 After receiving the feedback request, send channel feedback information to the sending station.
  • the feedback request described in all embodiments of the present invention is a beamforming report (beamf orming Repot Pol l ).
  • the predetermined sleep time is a short frame.
  • the length of the Short Inter-Frame Space (which can be abbreviated as SIFS).
  • SIFS Short Inter-Frame Space
  • the S205 is further included according to the beam.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the sequence number of the site information corresponding to the receiving station in the NDPA broadcast packet Scheduled sleep time.
  • step S 205 is performed before step S203.
  • the receiving station may perform S205 at S IFS between step S201 and step S202; or may perform S205 at SIFS between step S202 and step S203; of course, S202 and S205 are not simultaneously excluded in the embodiment of the present invention. Case.
  • the frame structure of the beamforming report query is known, so the length thereof is also known.
  • the modulation and coding scheme may be an execution body of the method shown in FIG. 5 (the receiving station corresponding to the third or subsequent station information) is estimated according to the channel condition, and the modulation and coding scheme includes: a coding rate and Modulation rate.
  • step S205 may include:
  • S2051 Determine a length of the coded beamforming report query according to a length of the beamforming report query and an encoding manner in a modulation and coding scheme;
  • the length of the post-encoded beamforming report query is determined according to the length of the beamforming report query L_data and the coding rate Cr in the modulation coding mode (the highest order MCS coding rate) L_-codeData:
  • L_codeData L data /Cr+tai lbit
  • the encoding rate Cr may be the actually estimated value, or slightly larger than the actually estimated value; tai lbit is the tail bit of the BCC encoding to zero the delay register. 52052. Determine a length of the modulated beamforming report query according to a length of the encoded beamforming report query and a modulation mode in the modulation and coding scheme.
  • the modulation methods generally include: Binary phase shift keying (abbreviated as BPSK), Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, It can be abbreviated as QAM, QAM is divided into 64QAM, 256QAM) and the modulation rates corresponding to various modulation modes are: BPSK is lbit/symbol; QPSK is 2 bit/symbol; 16QAM is 4 bit/symbol; 64QAM is 6 bit/symbol ; 256QAM is 8 bit/symbol)
  • the number of symbols is calculated according to the data length L-modulated Data and the number of sub-carriers of the OFDM symbol data N_data.
  • N_sym L_modulatedData/N_data
  • the minimum time required to send the modulated beamforming report query is calculated.
  • the predetermined sleep time is obtained.
  • the method for channel sounding provided by the embodiment of the present invention is such that a receiving station other than the first one does not have to wait for receiving the feedback request, but enters sleep until it reaches a predetermined sleep time to wake itself up to receive a feedback request; , can reduce the waiting time of the receiving site as much as possible without affecting the receiving feedback request, thereby achieving the purpose of power saving.
  • the present invention is a channel detection performed on the basis of FIG. 1, which is specifically implemented in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitting station (beamformer) first sends an NDPA broadcast packet to all relevant receiving stations (beamformee); After receiving the NDPA broadcast packet, the detection preparation is completed; the transmitting station continues to send the NDP broadcast packet; after receiving the NDP broadcast packet, the receiving station completes the calculation of the respective channel feedback information; then the first receiving station (beamformee 1, which The first STA Info field corresponding to NDPA) immediately sends its own channel feedback information to the transmitting station, and all receiving stations except the first receiving station go to sleep.
  • sending a feedback request in sequence by the sending station provides a condition that the receiving station can have a predetermined sleep time; and the receiving station can sleep in a predetermined sleep time.
  • the state wakes up when the predetermined sleep time arrives, so that it does not affect the normal operation of the system, and the receiving station reduces the waiting time as much as possible, thereby achieving the purpose of power saving.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a station 40.
  • the station is referred to as a transmitting station because it is a beamformer in a high throughput detection mechanism.
  • the station 40 is a transmitting station and corresponds to the method shown in Fig. 4 above.
  • the site 40 includes:
  • the NDPA broadcast packet sending unit 401 is configured to send an NDPA broadcast packet to notify all relevant receiving sites to prepare for detection;
  • the physical device corresponding to Beamformer is an access point (AP, Access Point), and the physical device corresponding to Beamf ormee is a station (STA, Stat ion); for a non-basic service set
  • the physical device corresponding to the Beamf ormer can be an STA.
  • the physical device corresponding to the Beamformee can be other STAs.
  • the NDP broadcast packet sending unit 402 is configured to continue to send a null packet NDP broadcast packet, so that the relevant receiving station receives the NDP broadcast packet, and then calculates respective related channel feedback information;
  • the first channel feedback information receiving unit 403 is configured to receive channel feedback information sent by the receiving station corresponding to the first receiving station information carried in the NDPA broadcast packet;
  • the NDPA broadcast packet carries n (n ⁇ 2 ) STA Information (abbreviated as STA Info), which indicates that the transmitting station needs to receive channel feedback information of n receiving stations, and the n receiving stations and NDPA broadcast packets are carried.
  • STA Info STA Information
  • the receiving station corresponding to the i-th (lin) STA Info (ie, STA Info i ) carried in the NDPA broadcast packet is referred to as an i-th receiving site; wherein, i is broadcast as a site information in NDPA The sequential number in the package.
  • each receiving site has an association identifier (hereinafter referred to as AID), and each STA Info includes an AID; if the AIDs of the two are the same, the two correspond to each other.
  • the receiving station corresponding to the first station information carried in the NDPA broadcast packet may be referred to as a first receiving station; specifically, the first receiving station refers to the receiving station's AID and received
  • the receiving site of the first STA Info (ie STA Info 1) field in the NDPA broadcast packet is equal to the receiving site of the same AID.
  • the first receiving station After receiving the NDP broadcast packet, the first receiving station performs channel estimation according to the received NDP broadcast packet and calculates channel feedback information by channel estimation until the channel feedback information is sent to the transmitting station, so that the transmitting station first receives the first Channel feedback information of the receiving stations.
  • the second channel feedback information receiving unit 404 is configured to send a feedback request to other receiving stations in sequence according to the arrangement of the site information in the NDPA broadcast packet, to receive channel feedback information sent by other receiving stations.
  • the order of the site information in the NDPA broadcast packet is the order of the above n site information.
  • the other sites refer to receiving sites other than the first receiving site, specifically the second to nth receiving sites.
  • the sending station sequentially sends a feedback request to the second to nth receiving stations to receive channel feedback information of the receiving stations.
  • the sending station needs to obtain the channel feedback information of the receiving station.
  • the sending station may send a feedback request, but the receiving station does not send the information.
  • Channel feedback information is sent to the sending site.
  • the station provided by the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the sending station receives an NDPA broadcast packet and an NDP broadcast packet after receiving an NDPA broadcast packet and an NDP broadcast packet in a MU-M I M0 scenario of a network composed of a BSS or a non-basic service set BS S
  • the receiving station except the first one does not have to wait for receiving the feedback request, but goes to sleep until the scheduled arrival.
  • the sleep time wakes up to receive the feedback request; in this way, the waiting time of the receiving station can be reduced as much as possible without affecting the reception of the feedback request, thereby achieving the purpose of power saving.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention provides another station 50.
  • the station is referred to as a receiving station because it is a beamformee in a high throughput detection mechanism.
  • the first receiving station does not go to sleep and immediately sends channel feedback information to the transmitting station, the same method is used for the first receiving station in the whole channel detecting process;
  • the Site 50 method shown in Figure 9 applies to receiving sites other than the first receiving site. That is, the execution site of the method site 50 is any one of the second through nth receiving sites.
  • the method site 50 is as shown in FIG. 9, and includes:
  • the NDPA broadcast packet receiving unit 501 is configured to receive an NDPA broadcast packet sent by the sending station, and prepare for the probe;
  • the NDP broadcast packet receiving unit 502 is configured to receive an NDP broadcast packet sent by the sending station, and calculate channel information related to itself;
  • the NDP broadcast packet receiving unit 502 is specifically configured to receive an NDP broadcast packet sent by the transmitting station, perform channel estimation according to receiving the NDP broadcast packet, and calculate channel information related to itself by the channel estimation.
  • the waking unit 503 is configured to wake up until a predetermined sleep time is reached, and wake up to wait for receiving a feedback request sent by the sending station;
  • the receiving station except the first one can wake itself up according to the preset sleep time, so that other receiving stations do not have to wait for receiving the feedback request, but go to sleep until the predetermined sleep time is reached to wake up to receive.
  • the request is feedback, so that the waiting time of the receiving station can be reduced as much as possible without affecting the reception of the feedback request, so as to save power.
  • the feedback information sending unit 504 is configured to send channel feedback information to the sending station after receiving the feedback request.
  • the feedback request described in all embodiments of the present invention is a beamforming report query.
  • the predetermined sleep time in the waking unit 503 is a short frame interval.
  • the site 50 further includes a sleep time calculating unit 505. And calculating a predetermined sleep time according to a length of the beamforming report query, a modulation and coding scheme for coding and modulating the beamforming report query, and a sequence number of the station information corresponding to the receiving station in the NDPA broadcast packet.
  • the frame structure of the beamforming report query is known, so the length thereof is also known.
  • the modulation and coding scheme may be estimated by the station of FIG. 10 (the receiving station corresponding to the third or subsequent station information) according to the channel condition, and the modulation and coding scheme includes: a coding rate and a modulation rate.
  • the sleep time calculation unit 505 can include:
  • the coded length calculation module 5051 is configured to determine the length of the coded beamforming report query according to the length of the beamforming report query and the coding mode in the modulation and coding scheme;
  • a post-modulation length calculation module 5052 configured to determine a length of the modulated beamforming report query according to a length of the encoded beamforming report query and a modulation mode in the modulation coding scheme;
  • the OFDM symbol number calculation module 5053 is configured to determine, according to the length of the modulated beamforming report query and the number of data subcarriers of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol, the number of OFDM symbols of the modulated beamforming report query;
  • the shortest time calculation module 5054 is configured to calculate a minimum time required for transmitting the modulated beamforming report query by the number of OFDM symbols and the frame structure of the physical layer header portion of the modulated beamforming report query;
  • the receiving station provided by the embodiment of the present invention, so that the receiving station except the first one does not have to wait for receiving the feedback request, but enters sleep until the predetermined sleep time is reached to wake up itself to receive the feedback request; thus, In the case of not receiving the feedback request, the waiting time of the receiving station is reduced as much as possible, thereby achieving the purpose of power saving.
  • the wireless communication system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a sending station and at least two receiving stations: the sending station is the above-mentioned station 40; and the receiving stations except the first receiving station of the at least two receiving stations are all the above-mentioned stations 50 .
  • the sending station sends the NDPA broadcast packet and the NDP broadcast packet to the receiving station, and the sending station sequentially advances from the front to the back according to the order of the site information in the NDPA broadcast packet.
  • the other station except the first station sends a feedback request; when the receiving station receives the NDP broadcast packet, the channel feedback information is calculated according to the information recorded by the NDP broadcast packet, and the channel feedback information is sent after the first receiving station completes calculation, and the other After the receiving site calculates the feedback information, it needs to calculate its sleep time according to the NDPA broadcast packet, so as to enter the sleep state, and wake up to the sleep time until the reservation is reached. In this way, the receiving station can reduce the waiting time as much as possible, thereby achieving the purpose of power saving.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供的一种信道探测的方法、装置及系统，涉及通信领域，用以在不影响接收反馈请求的情况下，尽可能多的减少接收站点的等待时间，进而达到省电的目的。该信道探测方法包括：发送一个空包通知NDPA广播包，以通知所有相关接收站点做探测准备；继续发送一个空包NDP广播包，以使得相关接收站点收到NDP广播包后，计算各自相关的信道反馈信息；接收所述NDPA广播包中携带的第一个接收站点信息对应的接收站点所发送的信道反馈信息；按照所述NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到后依次向其他接收站点发送反馈请求，以接收所述其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息，本发明实施例用于无线通信。

Description

一种信道探测的方法、 装置及系统 本申请要求于 2011年 9月 16日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110276263. 1、发明 名称为 "一种信道探测的方法、 装置及系统"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通 过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域 本发明涉及通信领域， 尤其涉及一种信道探测的方法、 装置及系统。 发明背景 无线通信协议美国电气和电子工程师协会 （Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，简称 IEEE) 802. l lac引入的高吞吐率探测机制（VHT Sounding Protocol )是一种存在于波束成形发起者（ beamf ormer )和波束成形接收者（ beamf ormee ) 之间的信道侦测机制。 通过这种机制， 波束成形发起者可以更好的知道和波束成形接收 者之间的信道信息， 从而通过调整相关参数来达到改善通信状况的目的。 高吞吐率探测 机制根据其应用场景分为以下两种： 多用户多入多出机制（Multi-user multiple input multiple output ,以下简写为 MU-MIM0)和单用户多入多出机制（Single-user multiple input multiple output ， 以下简写为 SU- MIM0)。 通常情况下， 对基本服务集 (Basic Service Set ， 可以简称 BSS ) 构成的网络来说， Beamformer对应的物理设备为接入点 (Access Point ， 可以简称 AP)， Beamformee对应的物理设备为站点 （Station, 可以 简称 STA); 对非基本服务集的自组网络来说， Beamformer对应的物理设备可以为某个 STA, Beamformee对应的物理设备可以为其他 STA。
传输机会（Transmit opportunity, 可以简称 TX0P)是指发送站点通过竞争周期的 竞争机制获得传输特定通信类别的有界时段。 在一个 TX0P时限内， 竞争成功的发送站 点能够独占媒介资源， 向其他站点发送单个或多个数据帧。 TX0P有最长时限， 当其结束 后需要再竞争方可获得。
如图 1所示， 在 MU-MIM0 TX0P时间内， 发送站点会先发一个空包通知 （Nul l Data
Packet Announcement , 以下简称为 NDPA) 广播包通知所有相关的接收站点做好探测准 备， 图 1所示的相关接收站点以 3个为例， 在实际应用中可以为 2个或者 2个以上； 其 中 NDPA 广播包的帧格式可以参考图 2。 接下来发送站点会发送一个空包 （Nul l Data Packet , 以下简称为 NDP) 广播包， 所有相关的接收站点针对收到的 NDP广播包计算相 关的信道反馈信息， 但是收到 NDP广播包后只有当接收站点的 AID和先前收到的 NDPA 广播包的第一个站点信息 （STA Information, 以下简称为 STA Info) 字段中的 AID相 等才可以立即向发送站点发送计算得到的信道反馈信息。对于其他的接收站点只有当它 们分别收到来自发送站点的波束成形报告查询 （Beamforming Repot Poll ) 的时候才会 立即向发送站点发送计算得到的信道反馈信息， 这种信道反馈信息通过高吞吐率波束成 形压縮包 （VHT Compressed Beamforming) 反馈相应的信息。
上述进行信道探测的过程中， 在整个 TX0P时间段内， 所有的接收站点只有保持不 进入睡眠状态直到正确完成反馈或者整个 TX0P时间被消耗完， 否则接收站点会由于提 前进入睡眠状态而无法正确接收波束成形报告请求并正确反馈。 所以通常对于 MU-MIM0 场景来说， 除了 NDPA广播包的第一个 STA Info所对应的接收站点可以立即反馈外， 其 他被发送站点通过波束成形报告主动要求提供反馈信息的接收站点， 其处于等待状态 (即不进入睡眠状态） 的时间比较长， 这样就会造成消耗电量多的问题。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种信道探测的方法、 装置及系统， 用以达到减少接收站点的 等待时间， 进而省电的目的。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案：
一方面， 提供一种信道探测的方法， 包括：
发送一个空包通知 NDPA广播包， 以通知相关接收站点做探测准备；
继续发送一个空包 NDP广播包， 以使得相关接收站点收到 NDP广播包后， 计算各自相 关的信道反馈信息；
接收所述 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对应的接收站点所发送的信道反馈 信息；
按照所述 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到后依次向其他接收站点发送反馈 请求， 以接收所述其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息。
另一方面， 提供一种信道探测的方法， 包括：
接收发送站点所发送的 NDPA广播包， 做探测准备；
接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 并计算自身相关的信道反馈信息；
进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间时，唤醒自己，以接收发送站点发送的反馈请求； 在接收到所述反馈请求后， 向所述发送站点发送所述信道反馈信息。 一方面， 提供一种站点， 包括：
NDPA广播包发送单元， 用于发送一个空包通知 NDPA广播包， 以通知该所有相关接收 站点做探测准备；
NDP广播包发送单元， 用于继续发送一个空包 NDP广播包， 以使得相关接收站点收到 NDP广播包后， 计算各自相关的信道反馈信息；
第一信道反馈信息接收单元，用于接收所述 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对 应的接收站点所发送的信道反馈信息；
第二信道反馈信息接收单元，用于按照所述 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到 后依次向其他接收站点发送反馈请求， 以接收所述其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息。
另一方面， 提供一种站点， 包括：
NDPA广播包接收单元， 用于接收发送站点所发送的 NDPA广播包， 做探测准备；
NDP广播包接收单元， 用于接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 并计算自身相关的信 道反馈信息；
唤醒单元， 用于进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间时， 唤醒自己， 以接收发送站点 发送的反馈请求；
反馈信息发送单元， 用于在接收到所述反馈请求后， 向所述发送站点发送所述信道 反馈信息。
一方面， 提供一种无线通信系统， 包括： 发送站点以及至少两个接收站点； 所述发送站点为上述一方面提供的站点；
所述至少两个接收站点中除第一个接收站点之外的接收站点均为上述另一方面提 供的站点。
本发明实施例提供一种信道探测的方法、 装置及系统， 由于发送站点按顺序依次向 除第一个之外的接收站点发送反馈请求， 且所述除第一个之外的接收站点不必一直等待 接收该反馈请求， 而是进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间才唤醒自己以接收反馈请求； 这样一来，可以在不影响接收反馈请求的情况下，尽可能多的减少接收站点的等待时间， 进而达到省电的目的。 附图简要说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实施例或现有 技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本 发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还 可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为 MU-MIM0场景机制示意图；
图 2为 IEEE802. l lac NDPA广播包的帧格式；
图 3为本发明实施例提供的信道探测方法的示意图；
图 4为本发明另一种实施例提供的信道探测方法的示意图；
图 5为本发明又一实施例提供的信道探测方法的示意图；
图 6为计算预定睡眠时间方法的流程示意图；
图 7为计算预定睡眠时间方法的示意图；
图 8为本发明实施例提供的站点结构示意图；
图 9为本发明另一实施例提供的站点结构示意图；
图 10为本发明又一实施例提供的站点结构示意图。 实鮮发明的方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完 整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的 所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种信道探测的方法， 该方法可以用于在一个基本服务 集 BSS组成的网络或者非基本服务集 BSS组成的自组网络的 MU-MIM0场景中， 该方法各步骤的执行主体可以是站点， 具体在本实施例中由于该站点作为高吞 吐率探测机制中的波束成形发起者 （beamformer ) ， 故将该站点称为发送站点。 所述方法， 如图 3所示， 包括：
S 101、发送站点发送一个 NDPA广播包，以通知该相关接收站点做探测准备； 通常情况下， 对基本服务集构成的网络来说， Beamformer对应的物理设备 为接入点 （AP， Access Point ) ， Beamformee 对应的物理设备为站点 （STA, Stat ion ) ； 对非基本服务集的自组网络来说， Beamformer 对应的物理设备可 以为某个 STA， Beamformee对应的物理设备可以为其他 STA。
S 102、 发送站点继续发送一个空包 NDP广播包， 以使得相关接收站点收到 NDP广播包后， 计算各自相关的信道反馈信息； 5103、接收 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对应的接收站点所发送的 信道反馈信息；
从图 2 所示的 NDPA 广播包的帧格式中， 可以看到 NDPA 广播包携带有 n ( n ^ 2 ) 个站点信息 （STA Informat ion , 可简写为 STA Info ) ， 这就说明了 该发送站点需要接收 n个接收站点的信道反馈信息， 且这 n个接收站点和 NDPA 广播包所携带的 n个 STA Info——对应。 在本发明所有实施例中， 将 NDPA广 播包中携带的第 i ( l i n ) 个 STA Info (即 STA Info i ) 对应的接收站点 称为第 i个接收站点； 其中， i作为站点信息在 NDPA广播包中的顺序编号。 具 体的， 每个接收站点都有一个连接身份号 （Associat ion Ident ity, 以下简写 为 AID ) ， 且每个 STA Info中包含一个 AID; 若两者的 AID—致， 则两者相对 应。
在此步骤中， NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对应的接收站点可以称 为第一个接收站点； 具体的， 所述的第一个接收站点的是指接收站点的 AID与 接收到的 NDPA广播包中的第一个 STA Info (即 STA Info 1 ) 字段中的 AID相 等的接收站点一致。 第一个接收站点在接收到 NDP广播包后， 根据收到的 NDP 广播包做信道估计并由信道估计计算信道反馈信息， 并不进入睡眠直到将此信 道反馈信息发送给发送站点， 使得此步骤中发送站点首先接收第一个接收站点 的信道反馈信息。
5104、按照 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到后依次向其他接收站点 发送反馈请求， 以接收其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息。
所述 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序为上述 n个站点信息的顺序。所述其 他站点是指除了第一个接收站点之外的接收站点， 具体为第 2个到第 n个接收 站点。
此步骤具体为发送站点依次向第 2个到第 n个接收站点发送反馈请求， 以 接收这些接收站点的信道反馈信息。 在实际应用中， 发送站点需要得到接收站 点的信道反馈信息， 但是， 由于一些异常情况 （例如未正确解析 NDPA帧等等） 的出现， 也可能发送站点发送了反馈请求， 但接收站点并未发送信道反馈信息 给发送站点。
本发明实施例提供的信道探测的方法， 发送站点在一个 BSS组成的网络或 者非基本服务集 BSS组成的自组网络的 MU-MIM0场景中，发送一个 NDPA广播包 和 NDP广播包后，接收 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对应的接收站点所 发送的信道反馈信息；按照 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到后依次向其 他接收站点发送反馈请求， 以接收其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息。 与现有 技术中的发送站点随机向除第一个之外的其他接收站点发送反馈请求相比， 除 第一个之外的接收站点不必一直等待接收该反馈请求， 而是进入睡眠直至到达 预定的睡眠时间才唤醒自己以接收反馈请求； 这样一来， 可以在不影响接收反 馈请求的情况下， 尽可能多的减少接收站点的等待时间， 进而达到省电的目的。
本发明实施例提供另一种信道探测的方法， 该方法可以用于在一个基本服 务集 BSS组成的网络或者非基本服务集 BSS组成的自组网络的 MU-MIM0场景中， 该方法各步骤的执行主体可以是站点， 具体在本实施例中由于该站点作为高吞 吐率探测机制中的波束成形接收者 （beamformee ) ， 故将该站点称为接收站点。 并且需要说明的是， 由于第一个接收站点不进入睡眠， 并立即向发送站点发送 信道反馈信息， 在整个信道探测的过程中， 对于第一个接收站点而言与现有的 方法相同； 图 4所示的方法适用于除第一个接收站点之外的其他接收站点。 也 就是说， 该方法的执行主体为第 2个到第 n个接收站点中的任一个。 所述方法 如图 4所示， 包括：
S20 K 接收发送站点所发送的 NDPA广播包， 做探测准备；
5202、 接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 并计算自身相关的信道反馈信 息；
此步骤若依据现有技术可以为， 接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 根据 接收该 NDP广播包做信道估计， 并由信道估计计算自身相关的信道反馈信息。
5203、 进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间时， 唤醒自己， 以接收发送站点 发送的反馈请求；
其中， 所述预定的睡眠时间可以是根据经验值得到的， 并提前预先存储在 接收站点中的， 当然， 也可以存储在其他设备的数据库中， 在接收站点和发送 站点刚建立连接之后， 且进行 S201之前， 各个接收站点再从数据库中读取到预 定的睡眠时间。 但在本发明实施例中， 对于如何得到预定的睡眠时间可以参照 下面具体方法， 该具体方法是在 S201接收到 NDPA广播包才进行的。
这样一来， 除第一个之外的接收站点可以根据预设的睡眠时间唤醒自己， 使得其他接收站点不必一直等待接收该反馈请求， 而是进入睡眠直至到达预定 的睡眠时间才唤醒自己以接收反馈请求， 从而， 可以在不影响接收反馈请求的 情况下， 尽可能多的减少接收站点的等待时间， 以达到省电的目的。 S204、 在接收到所述反馈请求后， 向发送站点发送信道反馈信息。
需要说明的是， 本发明所有实施例中所述的反馈请求为波束成形报告查询 ( Beamf orming Repot Pol l ) 。
下面将详细阐述对于如何得到预定的睡眠时间的具体方法：
若图 4所示的方法的执行主体为 NDPA广播包所记录的第二个站点信息对应 的接收站点 （即第二个接收站点） ， 则在进行步骤 S203时， 预定的睡眠时间为 一个短帧间距 （Short Inter-Frame Space ， 可简写为 SIFS ) 的时长。 此预定 的睡眠时间可以是预先存储在该第二个接收站点中的， 当然， 也可以是经过公 式计算得到的。
若图 4所示的方法的执行主体为 NDPA广播包所记录的第三个或者其之后任 一站点信息对应的接收站点， 则如图 5所示， 在进入睡眠之前还包括， S205、 根据波束成形报告查询的长度、 对该波束成形报告查询进行编码调制的调制编 码方案 （Modulat ion and Coding Scheme , 可简写为 MCS ) 以及所述接收站点 对应的站点信息在 NDPA广播包中的顺序编号， 计算出预定的睡眠时间。 需要说 明的是，执行步骤 S205的顺序，不必按照图 5所示的顺序。在本发明实施例中， 只是强调步骤 S 205在步骤 S 203之前执行即可。例如，接收站点可以在步骤 S 201 和步骤 S202之间的 S IFS执行 S205 ;也可以在步骤 S202和步骤 S203之间的 SIFS 执行 S205 ; 当然在本发明实施例中也不排除 S202和 S205同时进行的情况。
其中， 根据现有技术， 波束成形报告查询的帧结构为已知的， 故其长度也 是已知的。 另外， 所述调制编码方案可以是图 5所示方法的执行主体 （第三个 或者其之后任一站点信息对应的接收站点） 根据信道状况预估得到的， 且调制 编码方案包括： 编码速率和调制速率。
其中， 如图 6所示， 步骤 S205可以包括：
S2051、根据波束成形报告查询的长度和调制编码方案中的编码方式确定编 码后波束成形报告查询的长度；
示例性的，根据波束成形报告查询的长度 L— data和调制编码方式中编码速 率 Cr (最高阶的 MCS 编码速率） 确定编码后波束成形报告查询的长度 L— - codeData:
L_codeData= L data /Cr+tai lbit
其中，编码速率 Cr可以是实际预估到的值，或比实际预估得到的值略大些； tai lbit为 BCC编码使延时寄存器归零的尾比特。 52052、根据编码后波束成形报告查询的长度和调制编码方案中的调制方式 确定调制后波束成形报告查询的长度；
其中调制方式一般包括： 二相相移键控 （Binary phase shift keying, 可 以简写为 BPSK) 、 四相移键控 （Quadrature phase shift keying ， 可以简写 为 QPSK) 、 正交幅度调制 (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ， 可以简写为 QAM, QAM分为 64QAM、 256QAM) 且各种调制方式对应的调制速率分别为： BPSK 为 lbit/symbol; QPSK为 2 bit/symbol; 16QAM为 4 bit/symbol; 64QAM为 6 bit/symbol; 256QAM为 8 bit/symbol )
示例性的， 此步骤可以为根据上述编码后波束成形报告查询的长度 L— - codeData 和调制速率 M 计算调制后的数据长度 L— modulatedData=L— - codeData/M。
52053、根据调制后波束成形报告查询的长度和正交频分复用（Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ， 简称 OFDM) 符号的数据子载波个数确定 调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM符号数；
示例性的，根据上述调制后的数据长度 L— modulatedData和 OFDM符号数据 子载波个数 N_data计算符号数 N_sym=L_modulatedData/N_data
52054、 由调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM符号数和物理层包头部分的帧 结构计算出发送所述调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短时间；
具体的， 如图 7所示， 计算发送所述调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短 时间 minT5rp=8+8+4+8+4+4+4+4 X N_sym=44+4 X N_sym (us)， 其中发送 1个 OFDM 符号所需要的时间为 4 us, 而且调制速率选择最高阶的 MCS。
52055、 根据公式 8Ί\=Τ3Ι +(ί-2)*( 2*TSIFS+minTj， 得到预定的睡眠时间。 需要说明的是， 公式 3Ί\=Τ^+(ί-2)*( 2*TSIFS+minT p) 可以根据图 1所示 得出； 其中， Sl\表示 NDPA广播包所记录的第 i个站点信息对应的接收站点的 预定的睡眠时间， 其中 i 3; TSIFS表示一个 SIFS的时长； minT 表示所述发送 所述调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短时间。
本发明实施例提供的信道探测的方法， 使得除第一个之外的接收站点不必 一直等待接收该反馈请求， 而是进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间才唤醒自己 以接收反馈请求； 这样一来， 可以在不影响接收反馈请求的情况下， 尽可能多 的减少接收站点的等待时间， 进而达到省电的目的。
综上可述， 本发明是在图 1 的基础上完成的信道探测， 本发明实施例具体 包括：在一个 BSS组成的网络或者非基本服务集 BSS组成的自组网络的 MU-MIM0 场景中， 发送站点 （beamformer ) 先向所有相关的接收站点 （beamformee ) 发 送一个 NDPA广播包； 接收站点在接收到 NDPA广播包后做好探测准备； 发送站 点继续发送 NDP广播包； 接收站点在接收到 NDP广播包后， 完成各自相关的信 道反馈信息的计算； 随后第一个接收站点 （beamformee 1， 其对应于 NDPA的第 一个 STA Info字段） 立即向发送站点发送自身的信道反馈信息， 而除了第一个 接收站点之外的其他接收站点都进入睡眠， 当然， 此时的其他接收站点已经获 得自身预定的睡眠时间； 之后， 发送站点按照 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序 从前到后依次向所述其他接收站点发送反馈请求， 相应的， 所述其他接收站点 中的每一个都在其自身预定的睡眠时间到达之时， 唤醒自己， 以接收到反馈请 求， 并在接收反馈请求后向发送站点发送自身相关的信道反馈信息。
与现有技术相比， 本发明实施例中的方法， 由发送站点按顺序发送反馈请 求就为接收站点可以有预定的睡眠时间提供了条件； 接收站点而言在预定的睡 眠时间内可以处于睡眠状态， 在预定的睡眠时间到达时唤醒自己， 这样既不影 响系统的正常工作， 又使得接收站点尽可能多的减少等待时间， 从而达到省电 的目的。
本发明实施例提供一种站点 40， 具体在本实施例中由于该站点作为高吞吐 率探测机制中的波束成形发送者 （beamformer ) ， 故将该站点称为发送站点。 该站点 40为发送站点， 与上述图 4所示的方法相对应。 如图 8所示， 所述站点 40包括：
NDPA广播包发送单元 401， 用于发送一个 NDPA广播包， 以通知所有相关接 收站点做探测准备；
通常情况下， 对基本服务集构成的网络来说， Beamformer对应的物理设备 为接入点 （AP， Access Point ) ， Beamf ormee 对应的物理设备为站点 （STA, Stat ion ) ； 对非基本服务集的自组网络来说， Beamf ormer 对应的物理设备可 以为某个 STA， Beamformee对应的物理设备可以为其他 STA。
NDP广播包发送单元 402， 用于继续发送一个空包 NDP广播包， 以使得相关 接收站点收到 NDP广播包后， 计算各自相关的信道反馈信息；
第一信道反馈信息接收单元 403， 用于接收 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个接 收站点信息对应的接收站点所发送的信道反馈信息；
从图 2 所示的 NDPA 广播包的帧格式中， 可以看到 NDPA 广播包携带有 n ( n ^ 2 ) 个站点信息 （STA Informat ion , 可简写为 STA Info ) ， 这就说明了 该发送站点需要接收 n个接收站点的信道反馈信息， 且这 n个接收站点和 NDPA 广播包所携带的 n个 STA Info——对应。 在本发明所有实施例中， 将 NDPA广 播包中携带的第 i ( l i n ) 个 STA Info (即 STA Info i ) 对应的接收站点 称为第 i个接收站点； 其中， i作为站点信息在 NDPA广播包中的顺序编号。 具 体的， 每个接收站点都有一个连接身份号（Associat ion ID, 以下简写为 AID )， 且每个 STA Info中包含一个 AID; 若两者的 AID—致， 则两者相对应。
在此单元中， NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对应的接收站点可以称 为第一个接收站点； 具体的， 所述的第一个接收站点的是指接收站点的 AID与 接收到的 NDPA广播包中的第一个 STA Info (即 STA Info 1 ) 字段中的 AID相 等的接收站点一致。 第一个接收站点在接收到 NDP广播包后， 根据收到的 NDP 广播包做信道估计并由信道估计计算信道反馈信息， 直到将此信道反馈信息发 送给发送站点， 使得发送站点首先接收第一个接收站点的信道反馈信息。
第二信道反馈信息接收单元 404， 用于按照 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺 序依次向其他接收站点发送反馈请求， 以接收其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信 息。
所述 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序为上述 n个站点信息的顺序。所述其 他站点是指除了第一个接收站点之外的接收站点， 具体为第 2个到第 n个接收 站点。
需要说明的是， 发送站点依次向第 2个到第 n个接收站点发送反馈请求， 以接收这些接收站点的信道反馈信息。 在实际应用中， 发送站点需要得到接收 站点的信道反馈信息，但是， 由于一些异常情况（例如未正确解析 NDPA帧等等） 的出现， 也可能发送站点发送了反馈请求， 但接收站点并未发送信道反馈信息 给发送站点。
本发明实施例提供的站点， 其中发送站点在一个 BSS组成的网络或者非基 本服务集 BS S组成的自组网络的 MU-M I M0场景中， 发送一个 NDPA广播包和 NDP 广播包后，接收 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对应的接收站点所发送的 信道反馈信息；按照 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到后依次向其他接收 站点发送反馈请求， 以接收其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息。 与现有技术中 的发送站点随机向除第一个之外的其他接收站点发送反馈请求相比， 除第一个 之外的接收站点不必一直等待接收该反馈请求， 而是进入睡眠直至到达预定的 睡眠时间才唤醒自己以接收反馈请求； 这样一来， 可以在不影响接收反馈请求 的情况下， 尽可能多的减少接收站点的等待时间， 进而达到省电的目的。
本发明实施例提供另一种站点 50， 具体在本实施例中由于该站点作为高吞 吐率探测机制中的波束成形接收者 （beamformee ) ， 故将该站点称为接收站点。 并且需要说明的是， 由于第一个接收站点不进入睡眠， 并立即向发送站点发送 信道反馈信息， 在整个信道探测的过程中， 对于第一个接收站点而言与现有的 方法相同； 图 9所示的站点 50方法适用于除第一个接收站点之外的其他接收站 点。 也就是说， 该方法站点 50的执行主体为第 2个到第 n个接收站点中的任一 个。 所述方法站点 50如图 9所示， 包括：
NDPA广播包接收单元 501， 用于接收发送站点所发送的 NDPA广播包， 做探 测准备；
NDP广播包接收单元 502， 用于接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 并计算 自身相关的信道反馈信息；
该 NDP广播包接收单元 502具体用于接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 根据接收该 NDP广播包做信道估计， 并由信道估计计算自身相关的信道反馈信 息。
唤醒单元 503， 用于进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间时， 唤醒自己， 以 等待接收发送站点发送的反馈请求；
这样一来， 除第一个之外的接收站点可以根据预设的睡眠时间唤醒自己， 使得其他接收站点不必一直等待接收该反馈请求， 而是进入睡眠直至到达预定 的睡眠时间才唤醒自己以接收反馈请求， 从而， 可以在不影响接收反馈请求的 情况下， 尽可能多的减少接收站点的等待时间， 以达到省电的目的。
反馈信息发送单元 504， 用于在接收到反馈请求后， 向发送站点发送信道 反馈信息。
需要说明的是， 本发明所有实施例中所述的反馈请求为波束成形报告查询
( Beamf orming Repot Pol l )
进一步的，若图 9所示的站点为 NDPA广播包所记录的第二个站点信息对应 的接收站点 （即第二个接收站点） ， 则在唤醒单元 503中预定的睡眠时间为一 个短帧间距 SIFS的时长。
若图 9所示的站点为 NDPA广播包所记录的第三个或者其之后任一站点信息 对应的接收站点， 则如图 10所示， 站点 50还包括睡眠时间计算单元 505， 用 于根据波束成形报告查询的长度、 对该波束成形报告查询进行编码调制的调制 编码方案以及所述接收站点对应的站点信息在 NDPA广播包中的顺序编号，计算 出预定的睡眠时间。
其中， 根据现有技术， 波束成形报告查询的帧结构为已知的， 故其长度也 是已知的。 另外， 所述调制编码方案可以是图 10站点 （第三个或者其之后任一 站点信息对应的接收站点） 根据信道状况预估得到的， 且调制编码方案包括： 编码速率和调制速率。
其中， 睡眠时间计算单元 505可以包括：
编码后长度计算模块 5051， 用于根据波束成形报告查询的长度和调制编码 方案中的编码方式确定编码后波束成形报告查询的长度；
调制后长度计算模块 5052， 用于根据编码后波束成形报告查询的长度和调 制编码方案中的调制方式确定调制后波束成形报告查询的长度；
OFDM符号数计算模块 5053，用于根据调制后波束成形报告查询的长度和正 交频分复用 OFDM符号的数据子载波个数确定调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM 符号数；
最短时间计算模块 5054， 用于由调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM符号数 和物理层包头部分的帧结构计算出发送调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短时 间；
睡眠时间计算模块 5055 , 用于根据公式 STi=TSIFS+ (i-2) * ( 2*TSIFS+minTbrp)， 得到预定的睡眠时间； 其中， Sl\表示 NDPA广播包所记录的第 i个站点信息对 应的接收站点的预定的睡眠时间，其中 i 3 ; TSIFS表示一个 SIFS的时长； minTbrp 表示所述发送所述调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短时间。
本发明实施例提供的接收站点， 使得除第一个之外的接收站点不必一直等 待接收该反馈请求， 而是进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间才唤醒自己以接收 反馈请求； 这样一来， 可以在不影响接收反馈请求的情况下， 尽可能多的减少 接收站点的等待时间， 进而达到省电的目的。
本发明实施例提供的无线通信系统， 包括： 发送站点以及至少两个接收站 点： 发送站点为上述站点 40 ; 至少两个接收站点中除第一个接收站点之外的接 收站点均为上述站点 50。
本发明实施例提供的无线通信系统，发送站点向接收站点发送 NDPA广播包 和 NDP广播包，发送站点按照 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到后依次向 除第一个站点之外的其他站点发送反馈请求；当接收站点接收到 NDP广播包后， 根据 NDP广播包记录的信息计算信道反馈信息， 第一接收站点计算完成后发送 信道反馈信息， 而其他接收站点计算完反馈信息后， 需要根据 NDPA广播包计算 自己的睡眠时间， 以便进入睡眠状态， 直至到达预订的睡眠时间才唤醒自己。 这样一来， 可以使接收站点尽可能多的减少等待时间， 从而达到省电的目的。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过 程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中， 该 程序在执行时， 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述的存储介质包括： R0M、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此， 任 何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易想到变化或替换， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保 护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种信道探测的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
发送一个空包通知 NDPA广播包， 以通知相关接收站点做探测准备；
继续发送一个空包 NDP广播包， 以使得相关接收站点收到 NDP广播包后， 计算各自相 关的信道反馈信息；
接收所述 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对应的接收站点所发送的信道反馈信 息；
按照所述 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到后依次向其他接收站点发送反馈请 求， 以接收所述其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息。
2、 一种信道探测的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收发送站点所发送的 NDPA广播包， 做探测准备；
接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 并计算自身相关的信道反馈信息；
进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间时，唤醒自己，以接收发送站点发送的反馈请求; 在接收到所述反馈请求后， 向所述发送站点发送所述信道反馈信息。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述反馈请求为波束成形报告查询。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 若接收站点为 NDPA广播包所记录的第 二个站点信息对应的接收站点， 则所述预定的睡眠时间为一个短帧间距 SIFS的时长。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 若接收站点为 NDPA广播包所记录的第 三个或者其之后任一站点信息对应的接收站点， 则在进入睡眠之前还包括：
根据所述波束成形报告查询的长度、对该波束成形报告查询进行编码调制的调制编 码方案以及所述接收站点对应的站点信息在 NDPA广播包中的顺序编号，计算出所述预定 的睡眠时间。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 根据所述波束成形报告查询的长度和 对该波束成形报告查询进行编码调制的调制编码方案， 计算出所述预定的睡眠时间包 括：
根据所述波束成形报告查询的长度和所述调制编码方案中的编码方式确定编码后 波束成形报告查询的长度；
根据所述编码后波束成形报告查询的长度和所述调制编码方案中的调制方式确定 调制后波束成形报告查询的长度； 根据所述调制后波束成形报告查询的长度和正交频分复用 OFDM符号的数据子载波 个数确定所述调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM符号数；
由所述调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM符号数和物理层包头部分的帧结构计算出 发送所述调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短时间；
根据公式 81 Τ3ΙΚ+ (ί-2) * ( 2*TSIFS+minTtop)，得到预定的睡眠时间；其中， Sl表示 NDPA 广播包所记录的第 i个站点信息对应的接收站点的预定的睡眠时间， 其中 i 3; TSIFS表示 一个 SIFS的时长； minTbip表示所述发送所述调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短时间。
7、 一种站点， 其特征在于， 包括：
NDPA广播包发送单元， 用于发送一个空包通知 NDPA广播包， 以通知该所有相关接收 站点做探测准备；
NDP广播包发送单元， 用于继续发送一个空包 NDP广播包， 以使得相关接收站点收到 NDP广播包后， 计算各自相关的信道反馈信息；
第一信道反馈信息接收单元， 用于接收所述 NDPA广播包中携带的第一个站点信息对 应的接收站点所发送的信道反馈信息；
第二信道反馈信息接收单元，用于按照所述 NDPA广播包中站点信息排列顺序从前到 后依次向其他接收站点发送反馈请求， 以接收所述其他接收站点发送的信道反馈信息。
8、 一种站点， 其特征在于， 包括：
NDPA广播包接收单元， 用于接收发送站点所发送的 NDPA广播包， 做探测准备； NDP广播包接收单元， 用于接收发送站点所发送的 NDP广播包， 并计算自身相关的信 道反馈信息；
唤醒单元， 用于进入睡眠直至到达预定的睡眠时间时， 唤醒自己， 以接收发送站点 发送的反馈请求；
反馈信息发送单元， 用于在接收到所述反馈请求后， 向所述发送站点发送所述信道 反馈信息。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的站点， 其特征在于， 所述反馈请求为波束成形报告查询。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的站点， 其特征在于， 若所述站点与 NDPA广播包所记录的 第二个站点信息相对应， 则所述预定的睡眠时间为一个短帧间距 SIFS的时长。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的站点， 其特征在于， 若所述站点与 NDPA广播包所记录的 第三个或者其之后任一站点信息相对应， 则所述站点还包括： 睡眠时间计算单元， 用于根据所述波束成形报告查询的长度、 对该波束成形报告查 询进行编码调制的调制编码方案以及所述接收站点对应的站点信息在 NDPA广播包中的 顺序编号， 计算出所述预定的睡眠时间。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的站点， 其特征在于， 所述睡眠计算单元包括： 编码后长度计算模块，用于根据所述波束成形报告查询的长度和所述调制编码方案 中的编码方式确定编码后波束成形报告查询的长度；
调制后长度计算模块，用于根据所述编码后波束成形报告查询的长度和所述调制编 码方案中的调制方式确定调制后波束成形报告查询的长度；
OFDM符号数计算模块，用于根据所述调制后波束成形报告查询的长度和正交频分复 用 OFDM符号的数据子载波个数确定所述调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM符号数；
最短时间计算模块，用于由所述调制后波束成形报告查询的 OFDM符号数和物理层包 头部分的帧结构计算出发送所述调制后波束成形报告查询所需的最短时间；
睡眠时间计算模块， 用于根据公式 8Ί =Τ3ΙΚ+ (ί-2) * ( 2*TSIFs+minTbrp) , 得到预定的睡 眠时间； 其中， Sl表示 NDPA广播包所记录的第 i个站点信息对应的接收站点的预定的睡 眠时间， 其中 i 3; 1^3表示一个 SIFS的时长； minTbip表示发送所述调制后波束成形报告 查询所需的最短时间。
13、 一种无线通信系统， 其特征在于， 包括： 发送站点以及至少两个接收站点； 所述发送站点为权利要求 7所述的站点；
所述至少两个接收站点中除第一个接收站点之外的接收站点均为权利要求 8~12任 一项所述的站点。
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