WO2013037161A1 - 一种激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置 - Google Patents

一种激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置 Download PDF

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WO2013037161A1
WO2013037161A1 PCT/CN2011/081774 CN2011081774W WO2013037161A1 WO 2013037161 A1 WO2013037161 A1 WO 2013037161A1 CN 2011081774 W CN2011081774 W CN 2011081774W WO 2013037161 A1 WO2013037161 A1 WO 2013037161A1
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laser
homogenizing
vibration
lens group
rotation
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French (fr)
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陆知纬
方享文
费维刚
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深圳市佶达德科技有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0933—Systems for active beam shaping by rapid movement of an element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/48—Laser speckle optics

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  • the invention relates to an image acquisition system and method, in particular to a method for homogenizing laser fill light in an infrared laser imaging process and an improvement of the laser illumination device.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for homogenizing laser fill light and a laser illumination device thereof, which can solve the phenomenon that laser speckle occurs in a nighttime recorded image due to high coherence of laser light (ie, light and dark staggered brightness appears on the light projection surface). Defects in the uneven condition make the image clearer and completely eliminate the laser speckle.
  • a laser light homogenizing laser illumination device comprising a semiconductor laser, and a homogenizing device and a lens group;
  • the semiconductor laser is for emitting a laser for illumination;
  • the homogenizing device is for equalizing energy distribution in a vertical plane of a laser conduction direction; and a lens group including at least a beam expanding mirror and a focusing mirror for respectively expanding the beam And focusing the laser for illumination; among them,
  • a vibration or rotating device for maintaining relative vibration or rotation between at least two of the semiconductor laser, the homogenizing device and the lens group, and the period of vibration or rotation is less than or equal to the electron of the camera Shutter time.
  • the semiconductor laser uses a laser diode or a laser diode with an optical fiber output.
  • the homogenizing device uses at least one of an optical fiber, a frosted glass, a polygon mirror, and a mesh.
  • the laser illumination device wherein the vibration or rotation device is disposed on any one of the laser, the homogenization device, or the lens group.
  • a laser fill light homogenization method comprising the following steps:
  • a laser illumination device for laser fill light using a semiconductor laser, and a homogenizing device and a lens group; the semiconductor laser is used to emit an illumination laser; and the homogenization device is used for a vertical plane in a laser conduction direction Equalizing the upper energy distribution; and a lens group comprising at least a beam expander and a focusing mirror for respectively expanding and focusing the laser for illumination;
  • a relative vibration or rotation between at least two of the semiconductor laser, the homogenizing device, and the lens group is maintained, and a period of vibration or rotation thereof is less than or equal to an electronic shutter time of the camera.
  • the method for homogenizing laser fill light and the laser illumination device provided by the invention adopts a vibration or rotation homogenization method and a laser illumination device, and simultaneously realizes the elimination of light and dark stripes in an image and the laser in the image.
  • the speckle phenomenon enables the image to be sharpened without increasing the cost, and achieves the actual market requirements of the product.
  • the invention completely solves the laser speckle defect caused by the high coherence of the laser, greatly improves the application effect of the infrared laser fill light in the field of nighttime photography, and makes the image more clear.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure and function of a laser illumination device according to a preferred embodiment of the method for homogenizing laser fill light according to the present invention.
  • 2a, 2b and 2c respectively show a method for homogenizing the laser fill light of the present invention and a schematic diagram of the working principle of the laser illumination device.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for homogenizing laser fill light and a laser illumination device thereof according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of a laser illumination device for homogenizing a laser fill light according to the present invention.
  • 5a, 5b, and 5c are respectively a frame image recorded in the prior art without homogenization processing, and the effect of recording images when the beam splitter and the fiber homogenizer are respectively used.
  • FIG. 5d is a method for homogenizing laser fill light according to the present invention and a recording effect of the laser illumination device.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the method of homogenizing the laser fill light of the present invention and the experimental apparatus of the laser illumination device.
  • FIG. 1 The method for homogenizing the laser fill light of the present invention and the laser illumination device thereof are shown in FIG. 1 as a schematic diagram of the complete optical path of the laser illuminator, wherein A is a semiconductor laser, including a laser diode, a laser diode with an optical fiber output, and the like.
  • B is a homogenizing device comprising at least one of an optical fiber, a frosted glass, a polygon mirror, and a mesh for energy homogenization treatment
  • C is a lens group, and the composition thereof includes expansion Beam mirror, focusing mirror, etc., respectively, are used for beam expanding and focusing processing of the laser for illumination; it should be noted that the preferred arrangement of the lens group of the present invention is that the beam expander is in front and the focusing mirror is in the back. That is, it needs to be expanded and then focused.
  • a vibration or rotation device is simultaneously provided.
  • the vibration or rotation device is more in the prior art implementation, for example, a motor-driven eccentric linkage can be used. Or by motor-driven rotation, for example, gear transmission or belt transmission.
  • the present invention vibrates or rotates at least one of A, B, and C by vibration or rotation means to cause relative motion between at least two of the three, so that the laser for irradiation is further homogenized, thereby superimposing The laser light and dark areas on the light projection surface are rapidly interlaced so that every point on the light projection surface is uniformly projected to the surface for a certain period of time.
  • the electronic shutter time of the camera used for recording is T
  • the period of relative motion between at least two of the three parts A, B, and C is maintained as t, that is, the component of the relative motion is initially The time it takes for the position to return to the initial position again.
  • t ⁇ T the laser fill light image captured by the camera completely uniformizes the brightness of any area due to the staggered cumulative superposition of light and dark areas, so that the image unclearness caused by laser speckle can be completely eliminated.
  • the method for homogenizing the laser fill light and the laser illumination device thereof can completely solve the laser speckle defect in the recorded image caused by the high coherence of the laser, and greatly improve the infrared laser fill light in the field of nighttime photography. Apply effects to make the image clearer.
  • FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b when relative motion occurs between at least two of A, B, and C, the laser speckle bright and dark regions superimposed on the light projection surface are alternately changed, as shown in FIG. 2c.
  • Fig. 2a shows the laser dispersion in the first half of the relative motion.
  • Schematic diagram of the plaque distribution Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of the laser speckle distribution in the half cycle after the relative motion
  • Fig. 2c shows the cumulative superposition of the laser speckle field in a complete relative motion period t.
  • the method for homogenizing the laser fill light of the present invention and the laser illumination device thereof correspond to the portion A of FIG. 1 in the semiconductor laser 110, and the homogenizing device 120 corresponds to the portion B in FIG. 1;
  • the mirror 131 corresponds to the focus lens 132 and is the C-part lens group of FIG. 1; at the same time, the shaded portion below the homogenizing device 120 is illustrated as a vibration or rotating device 140, which can realize the vibration that is currently common.
  • the motor or motor rotates the drive mechanism, such as a gear or belt drive, by vibrating or rotating the homogenizer to eliminate laser speckle in the image captured by the camera.
  • the semiconductor laser 110 is disposed at an end of a cylindrical casing 210.
  • a homogenizing device 120 and a lens group 130 are disposed in the lumen 211 of the outer casing 210.
  • a vibrating device 140 is disposed under the homogenizing device 120.
  • the homogenizing device 120 can be driven by a vibration motor.
  • the homogenizing device 120 is elastically fixed in the lumen 211 by a vibration spring 121.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention, wherein the laser 110, the homogenizing device 120 and the lens group 130 are sequentially disposed to form an optical system, and a vibration device 140 is disposed below the homogenizing device 120.
  • the homogenizing device 120 is used here as frosted glass.
  • the laser 110 corresponds to the portion A in FIG. 1; the homogenizing device 120 corresponds to the portion B in FIG. 1; the lens group corresponds to the portion C in FIG. 1; through the vibration homogenizing device, the experimental results show that It does eliminate the defects of laser speckle.
  • the vibration or rotation of any one of the laser, the homogenizing device and the lens group is achieved by the vibration or rotation device, and the vibration or rotation thereof is performed.
  • the period is less than or equal to the shutter time of the camera, so that the laser light irradiated by the laser can be quickly homogenized, the uniform illumination of the bright and dark brightness areas is ensured, and the laser speckle in the camera image is eliminated.
  • FIG. 5a to 5d are schematic diagrams showing the comparison between the processing methods of the prior art and the homogenization method of the laser fill light of the present invention and the processing effect of the laser illumination device.
  • the image is extremely unclear and the light and dark stripes are very obvious; as shown in FIG. 5b and FIG. 5c, the beam splitter (such as frosted glass) is used for homogenization or fiber uniformity. After the image, the light and dark stripes are improved, but the laser speckle phenomenon is serious. Therefore, only some of the light and dark stripes can be eliminated in the prior art, but since the laser itself has coherence, it does not consider or realize the laser speckle. Eliminating the problem has made the current nighttime video recording technology impractical. As shown in Fig. 5d, the image is homogenized by the invention (such as vibrating ground glass), and the clearness has no obvious defects, and the practical requirements are achieved.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置，其装置包括一半导体激光器（110）以及一匀化装置（120）和一透镜组（130）；所述半导体激光器（110）用于发射照射用激光；所述匀化装置（120）用于在激光传导方向的垂直面上能量分布均匀化；以及一透镜组（130），至少包括扩束镜（131）和聚焦镜（132），用于扩束和聚焦照射用激光；其中，还设置有一振动或转动装置（140），用于保持所述半导体激光器（110）、匀化装置（120）及所述透镜组（130）三者中的至少两者之间相对振动或转动，并且其振动或转动的周期小子等于摄像机的电子快门时间。本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置由于采用了振动或转动的匀化方法和激光照明装置，实现了对图像中明暗条紋的消除以及图像中的激光散斑现象。

Description

一种激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种图像采集系统和方法，尤其涉及的是一种红外激光摄像过程中激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置改进。
背景技术
现有技术中，随着夜间摄像技术的发展，红外激光补光（或称红外激光照明）的要求越来越高，目前市场上多数采用半导体激光照明器进行红外摄像补光。
由于半导体激光器存在光能量分布不均匀的缺陷，目前市场上普遍采用各类光束分割器或光纤对激光光束进行匀化，但由于激光本身的高相干性，上述所有匀化方法或装置虽然会消除图像中的部分明暗条纹，但均会产生严重的激光散斑（即存在区域明暗不均匀问题），严重影响所摄录图像的清晰度。
目前市场上没有能彻底消除激光散斑的有效匀化方法或装置，因此，现有技术还有待于改进和发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置，可以解决由于激光的高相干性所带来的夜间摄录图像出现激光散斑（即光投射面出现明暗交错亮度不均匀情形）的缺陷，使图像更加清晰，可彻底消除激光散斑。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种激光补光匀化的激光照明装置，其包括一半导体激光器，以及一匀化装置和一透镜组；
所述半导体激光器用于发射照射用激光；所述匀化装置用于在激光传导方向的垂直面上能量分布均匀化；以及一透镜组，至少包括扩束镜和聚焦镜，分别用于扩束和聚焦照射用激光；其中，
还设置有一振动或转动装置，用于保持所述半导体激光器、匀化装置及所述透镜组三者中的至少两者之间相对振动或转动，并且其振动或转动的周期小于等于摄像机的电子快门时间。
所述的激光照明装置，其中，所述半导体激光器采用激光二极管或带光纤输出的激光二极管。
所述的激光照明装置，其中，所述匀化装置采用光纤、毛玻璃、多面棱镜和筛孔中的至少一种。
所述的激光照明装置，其中，所述振动或转动装置设置在所述激光器、匀化装置或透镜组中的任一装置上。
一种激光补光的匀化方法，其包括以下步骤：
采用一半导体激光器，以及一匀化装置和一透镜组形成用于激光补光的激光照明装置；所述半导体激光器用于发射照射用激光；所述匀化装置用于在激光传导方向的垂直面上能量分布均匀化；以及一透镜组，至少包括扩束镜和聚焦镜，分别用于扩束和聚焦照射用激光；
保持所述半导体激光器、匀化装置及所述透镜组三者中的至少两者之间相对振动或转动，并且其振动或转动的周期小于等于摄像机的电子快门时间。
本发明所提供的一种激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置，由于采用了振动或转动的匀化方法和激光照明装置，同时实现了对图像中明暗条纹的消除以及图像中的激光散斑现象，使图像在无需增加太高成本的前提下实现了图像的清晰化，达到了产品的实际市场要求。本发明完全解决了由于激光的高相干性所产生的激光散斑缺陷，极大提升了红外激光补光在夜间摄像领域的应用效果，使图像更加清晰。
附图说明
图1为本发明激光补光的匀化方法激光照明装置较佳实施例的结构功能示意图。
图2a、图2b和图2c分别示出的是本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置工作原理示意图。
图3为本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置原理示意图。
图4为本发明激光补光的匀化方法激光照明装置的较佳实施例示意图。
图5a、图5b和图5c分别为现有技术的无匀化处理时所摄录的一帧图像，和分别采用光束分割器、光纤匀化器时的摄录图像效果。
图5d为本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置摄录图像效果。
图6是本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置的实验装置示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图，将对本发明各较佳实施例进行更为详细的说明。
本发明的激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置，如图1所示，为激光照明器的完整光路组成原理图，其中A是半导体激光器，包括激光二极管、带光纤输出的激光二极管等，用来发出照射的激光；B是匀化装置，包括光纤、毛玻璃、多面棱镜和筛孔等中的至少一种，用来对激光进行能量匀化处理；C是透镜组，其组成包括扩束镜、聚焦镜等，分别用来对照射用激光进行扩束和聚焦处理；须注意的是，本发明所述透镜组中较好的设置方式是扩束镜在前，聚焦镜在后，即需要先扩束再聚焦。
本发明较佳实施例中同时设置了一振动或转动装置，如图1所示，该振动或转动装置在现有技术的实现方式中是较多的，例如可以采用马达驱动的偏心轮联动，或者通过马达驱动转动，例如可以齿轮传动或皮带传动等。本发明是通过振动或转动装置振动或转动A、B、C中的至少一个，使三者中的至少两者之间产生相对运动，使对照射用激光进行进一步的匀化处理，从而使叠加在光投射面上的激光明暗区域快速交错变化，以至在一定时间内光投射面上的每一点都被均匀地投射到。
假设用来摄录的摄像机电子快门时间为T，而所述振动或转动装置保持A、B、C三个部分中之至少两者之间相对运动的周期为t，即相对运动的组件由初始位置发生周期性运动再次返回初始位置所用的时间。在满足t≤T时，摄像机采集到的激光补光图像由于明暗区域的交错累积叠加使任何区域的亮度都变得完全均匀，故可完全消除激光散斑导致的图像不清晰之缺陷。
因此，本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置可以完全解决由于激光的高相干性所产生的摄录图像中激光散斑缺陷，极大提升了红外激光补光在夜间摄像领域的应用效果，使图像更加清晰了。
如图2a和图2b所示的，当A、B、C中的至少两者之间发生相对运动时，就会使叠加在光投射面上的激光散斑明暗区域交错变化，如图2c所示，于是在一个完整的相对运动周期t时间内，激光散斑在光投射面上就会发生如图2a至图2c所示的变化：图2a中所示是相对运动前半个周期的激光散斑分布示意图；图2b是相对运动后半个周期的激光散斑分布示意图；图2c所示是一个完整的相对运动周期t时间内的激光散斑场的累积叠加。在t≤T时，本发明即可解决激光散斑导致的图像不清晰缺陷。
采用本发明的工作原理，以只针对振动或转动匀化装置为例，来说明本发明的较佳实施例的技术效果。
如图3所示，本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置中半导体激光器110对应的是图1中的A部分，匀化装置120对应的是图1中的B部分；扩束镜131与聚焦透镜132对应的是图1中的C部分透镜组；同时在所述匀化装置120下方的阴影部分示意为振动或转动装置140，该振动或转动装置实现可以采用目前常见的振动马达或马达转动驱动机构，例如齿轮或皮带驱动，通过振动或转动匀化装置，以消除摄像机所采集图像中的激光散斑。
如图4所示，本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置中的一较具体实施例，将所述半导体激光器110设置在了一筒式外壳210的端部，在该筒式外壳210的管腔211内依次设置有一匀化装置120和一透镜组130，在该匀化装置120的下方设置有一振动装置140，具体的可以是通过振动马达驱动所述匀化装置120，该匀化装置120通过一振动弹簧121弹性固定在所述管腔211内。
如图6所示是本发明实验装置图，其中激光器110、匀化装置120和透镜组130依次设置形成一光学系统，并在所述匀化装置120的下方设置一振动装置140。所述匀化装置120此处采用的是毛玻璃。其中的激光器110对应的是图1中的A部分；匀化装置120对应的是图1中的B部分；透镜组对应的是图1中的C部分；通过振动匀化装置，实验结果表明，确实消除了激光散斑的缺陷。
本发明激光补光的匀化方法的较佳实施例中，就是利用上述振动或转动装置实现激光器、匀化装置以及透镜组三者中的任意两者之间相对振动或转动，其振动或转动的周期小于或等于摄像机的快门时间，这样就可以实现对激光器照射出的激光进行迅速匀化的过程，保证明暗亮度区域的均匀照射，消除摄像机摄录图像中的激光散斑。
如图5a至图5d所示是现有技术各处理方式与本发明激光补光的匀化方法及其激光照明装置的处理效果对比示意图。现有技术在未进行任何处理时，如图5a所示，其图像极不清晰且明暗条纹非常明显；如图5b和图5c所示，是采用光束分割器（如毛玻璃）匀化或光纤匀化后的图像，其明暗条纹有所改善，但激光散斑现象严重，因此现有技术中仅能消除部分明暗条纹，但由于激光本身具有相干性，其并未考虑或实现对激光散斑的消除问题，导致目前夜间摄录技术的不实用。如图5d所示，是采用本发明（如振动毛玻璃）匀化后的图像，其清晰无明显缺陷，达到了实用化的要求。
以上实验效果图像均为静态图像，但其对比效果已经非常明显，在实际的应用中，对比动态视频效果，本发明的匀化技术效果则更加突出。
应当理解的是，上述针对本发明较佳实施例的描述较为具体，并不能因此而认为是对本发明专利保护范围的限制，本发明的专利保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种激光补光匀化的激光照明装置，其包括一半导体激光器，以及一匀化装置和一透镜组；
    所述半导体激光器用于发射照射用激光；所述匀化装置用于在激光传导方向的垂直面上能量分布均匀化；以及一透镜组，至少包括扩束镜和聚焦镜，分别用于扩束和聚焦照射用激光；其特征在于，
    还设置有一振动或转动装置，用于保持所述半导体激光器、匀化装置及所述透镜组三者中的至少两者之间相对振动或转动，并且其振动或转动的周期小于等于摄像机的电子快门时间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的激光照明装置，其特征在于，所述半导体激光器采用激光二极管或带光纤输出的激光二极管。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的激光照明装置，其特征在于，所述匀化装置采用光纤、毛玻璃、多面棱镜和筛孔中的至少一种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的激光照明装置，其特征在于，所述振动或转动装置设置在所述激光器、匀化装置或透镜组中的任一装置上。
  5. 一种激光补光的匀化方法，其包括以下步骤：
    采用一半导体激光器，以及一匀化装置和一透镜组形成用于激光补光的激光照明装置；所述半导体激光器用于发射照射用激光；所述匀化装置用于在激光传导方向的垂直面上能量分布均匀化；以及一透镜组，至少包括扩束镜和聚焦镜，分别用于扩束和聚焦照射用激光；
    保持所述半导体激光器、匀化装置及所述透镜组三者中的至少两者之间相对振动或转动，并且其振动或转动的周期小于等于摄像机的电子快门时间。
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