WO2013029237A1 - 双中心联吡啶阳离子类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
双中心联吡啶阳离子类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013029237A1 WO2013029237A1 PCT/CN2011/079118 CN2011079118W WO2013029237A1 WO 2013029237 A1 WO2013029237 A1 WO 2013029237A1 CN 2011079118 W CN2011079118 W CN 2011079118W WO 2013029237 A1 WO2013029237 A1 WO 2013029237A1
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- Prior art keywords
- bipyridyl
- ionic liquid
- bipyridine
- center
- salt
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- -1 bipyridyl cationic ion Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 50
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- QNANOJUKEFSKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(bromomethoxy)-2-methoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOCBr QNANOJUKEFSKKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BIAAQBNMRITRDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethoxy)-2-methoxyethane Chemical group COCCOCCl BIAAQBNMRITRDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002027 dichloromethane extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910020808 NaBF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KVFIZLDWRFTUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [K+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F KVFIZLDWRFTUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZUKEVFHSPMCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitroethanamine Chemical compound NCC[N+]([O-])=O VZUKEVFHSPMCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001384 fluorosyl group Chemical group O=F[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MHEBVKPOSBNNAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [K+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O MHEBVKPOSBNNAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
- H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing two or more pyridine rings directly linked together, e.g. bipyridyl
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/60—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
- C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0045—Room temperature molten salts comprising at least one organic ion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ionic liquid, and more particularly to a bi-centered bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid, a process for producing the same, an organic electrolyte comprising the bi-bipyridine cation-based ionic liquid, and a process for preparing the organic electrolytic solution.
- Ionic liquids are liquids in the range of room temperature (generally below 100 °C) composed of organic cations and inorganic anions (or organic anions).
- the ionic liquid is tunable, and the anion-cation structure can be changed according to different needs to achieve the designer's purpose, and thus the ionic liquid is called a designer's solvent.
- the first ionic liquid, mononitroethylamine, was discovered as early as 1914, but research in this area has been slow. Until 1992, the team led by Wikes synthesized a low melting point, hydrolysis resistant, and stable 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid ([EMIM]BF 4 ), followed by ionic liquids.
- the research was developed rapidly, and a series of ionic liquid systems were developed.
- the initial ionic liquids were mainly used in electrochemical research. In recent years, ionic liquids have been valued as green solvents for organic and polymer synthesis.
- ionic liquids Compared with traditional organic solvents and electrolytes, ionic liquids have a series of outstanding advantages: (1) The melting point is lower or close to room temperature, and the liquid temperature range is wide; (2) The vapor pressure is low, almost non-volatile, colorless, and (3) Has a large stable temperature range, good chemical stability and a wide electrochemical stability potential window; (4) Good solubility characteristics, showing good solubility for many inorganic and organic substances (5) No ignition point and not easy to burn; (6) Recyclable, no pollution to the environment. Therefore, ionic liquids have a good development prospect as electrolytes for electric double layer capacitors.
- the conventional organic electrolyte is easily decomposed at a high voltage, causing a sharp increase in the internal resistance of the capacitor and a rapid decrease in the capacitance.
- the stability of organic electrolytes has been a key factor limiting the specific energy of capacitors.
- a monocentric bipyridine cationic ionic liquid having the following structural formula: Wherein Y is BF 4 , PF 6 , (CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 N- or (FS0 2 ) 2 N -.
- a preparation method of a bicenter bipyridylcation ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
- Step 1 Under a protective gas atmosphere, the bipyridyl is mixed with an alkylene molar ratio of 1:2-1:2.5, heated to 60 ° C ⁇ 80 ° C, and stirred to obtain a dialkyl bipyridyl compound;
- Said alkane is methoxyethoxychloromethane or methoxyethoxymethyl bromide;
- Step 2 the dialkyl bipyridyl halide prepared in the first step and the salt of the formula M+Y- are mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 2, added to deionized water, and stirred to cause an ion exchange reaction to obtain a double having the following structural formula. center Wherein ⁇ + is Na+, K+ or NH 4 +, Y- is BF 4 -, PF 6 -, (CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 N- or (FS0 2 ) 2 N-.
- step 1 the reaction time of the bipyridine and the alkylene is stirred for 24h ⁇ 72h, the reaction liquid is cooled, washed with ethyl acetate, and the washed product is vacuum dried to obtain a purified dialkylbipyridine.
- the reaction time of the bipyridine and the alkylene is stirred for 24h ⁇ 72h, the reaction liquid is cooled, washed with ethyl acetate, and the washed product is vacuum dried to obtain a purified dialkylbipyridine.
- the shielding gas atmosphere is a nitrogen atmosphere or an argon atmosphere.
- the temperature of the ion exchange reaction is room temperature, and the reaction time is 8 h to 24 h.
- the second step further comprises the step of separating and purifying the bi-center bipyridylcation-based ionic liquid, and the separating and purifying steps are as follows: stirring the dialkyl bipyridyl compound with a salt having the general formula M+Y- The resulting mixture was extracted with dichloromethane until the aqueous phase obtained was saturated with AgN0 3 The aqueous solution was titrated without precipitation, and the dichloromethane extract was concentrated by evaporation and dried under vacuum to obtain a purified bi-centered pyridine ionic liquid.
- An organic electrolyte comprising a bi-centered bipyridine cationic ionic liquid, an organic solvent and a lithium salt, and the double-heart bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid has the following structural formula: Wherein, ⁇ - is BF 4 -, PF 6 -, (CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 N- or (FS0 2 ) 2 N-, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the bi-center bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid is 0 to 100, the concentration of the lithium salt is 0.3 to 1.2 mol/L.
- the lithium salt is at least one of lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.
- the organic solvent is at least one of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and ethyl propionate.
- a method for preparing an organic electrolyte comprising the steps of:
- Step 1 Under a protective gas atmosphere, the bipyridyl is mixed with an alkylene molar ratio of 1:2-1:2.5, heated to 60 ° C to 80 ° C, and stirred to obtain a dialkylbipyridyl compound; Said alkane is methoxyethoxychloromethane or methoxyethoxymethyl bromide;
- Step 2 the dialkyl bipyridyl halide prepared in the first step and the salt of the formula M+Y- are mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 2, added to deionized water, and stirred to cause an ion exchange reaction to obtain a double having the following structural formula.
- Step 3 providing an organic solvent,
- the double-phase bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid is added to the organic solvent and stirred uniformly, and the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the bi-center bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid is 0-100;
- Step 4 adding a lithium salt to the mixed solution of the organic solvent and the bi-center bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid and stirring to obtain the organic electrolyte; the lithium salt in the organic electrolyte
- the concentration is 0.3 ⁇ 1.2mol/L.
- the double-centered bipyridylcation ionic liquid has an electrochemical window of more than 4 V, has good electrochemical stability, and is not easily decomposed under high voltage.
- the organic electrolyte containing the bi-centered bipyridine cationic ionic liquid has better stability at a higher charging voltage.
- Fig. 1 is a standard charge and discharge curve obtained by conventionally testing an organic electrolyte prepared in Example 6 and an electrode material composed of a supercapacitor.
- bi-centered bipyridine cationic ionic liquid and its preparation method and application are further clarified below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
- ⁇ - is BF 4 -, PF 6 -, (CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 N- or (FS0 2 ) 2 N -.
- the double-centered bipyridylcation ionic liquid has an electrochemical window of more than 4 V, has good electrochemical stability, and is not easily decomposed under high voltage.
- the alkoxy structure introduced into the side chain of the bi-bipyridine ion-based ionic liquid can reduce the viscosity of the ionic liquid on the one hand.
- such an oxygen-containing functional group can facilitate complexation with lithium ions in the electrolyte to increase the solubility of the lithium salt.
- the invention provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned bi-centered bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid, which comprises the following steps: Step S11: Mixing bipyridyl with alkane in a protective gas atmosphere formed by nitrogen or argon 1: 2-1: 2.5 After mixing, it is heated to 60 ° C ⁇ 80 ° C, and the reaction is stirred to obtain a dialkyl bipyridyl halide.
- the reaction formula is: ; RX is a halogenated alkane.
- Haloalkoxy may methoxyethoxy chloride (CI A 0 ⁇ ° ⁇ ) or methoxyethoxy methyl bromide (80 ⁇ 0 ⁇ ).
- the stirring reaction time can be 24 to 72 hours. In general, it is sufficient to react the double-centered quaternary ammonium salt with the alkyl halide.
- reaction of bipyridine with alkane is not limited to a protective gas atmosphere formed by nitrogen or argon, and it is only carried out under the protection of an inert gas.
- the reaction solution After the reaction solution is cooled, it is not limited to the purification of the dialkylbipyridine by washing three times with ethyl acetate, and the dialkylbipyridine halide can also be purified by other methods in the art.
- Step S12 the dialkyl bipyridyl halide prepared in the step S11 and the salt of the formula M+Y- are mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 2 and then added to deionized water at a reaction temperature of room temperature, and the reaction time is 8-24.
- the dialkylbipyridine halide is stirred with a salt of the formula ⁇ + ⁇ -, and the mixture obtained after the ion exchange reaction is extracted with dichloromethane until the obtained deionized water phase is saturated with AgN0 3
- the aqueous solution was titrated without precipitation.
- the dichloromethane phase was concentrated by evaporation and dried under vacuum at 80 ° C for 48 h to obtain a double having the following structural formula.
- M + is Na +, K + or NH 4 +
- Y is BF 4, PF 6, (CF 3 S0 2) 2 N- or (FS0 2) 2 N-.
- the reaction formula is:
- the time of the ion exchange reaction is not limited to 8 to 24 hours, as long as the dialkylbipyridine halide is ion-exchanged with the salt having the general formula M+Y-; separation and purification of the double center
- the preparation method of the bi-center bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid has less toxicity and the preparation process is simpler, so that the cost is lower and it is easy to be prepared on a large scale.
- the organic electrolytic solution of one embodiment includes a bi-centered bipyridine cationic ionic liquid, an organic solvent, and a lithium salt.
- the double-heart bipyridyl cation-based ionic liquid has the following structural formula: Wherein, ⁇ is BF 4 , PF 6 , (CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 N- or (FS0 2 ) 2 N -.
- the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the bi-centered bipyridine ionic liquid is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 100.
- the organic solvent may be at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP).
- the concentration of the lithium salt in the organic electrolyte is 0.3 to 1.2 mol/L.
- the concentration of the lithium salt in the organic electrolyte is 1 mol/L.
- the lithium salt may be selected from lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI). At least one.
- a method for preparing the above organic electrolyte comprising the steps of:
- the washed product was dried under vacuum at 80 ° C for 48 h to give purified dialkyl bipyridyl compound.
- the alkyl halide can be methoxyethoxychloromethane (c ⁇ o ⁇ ° ⁇ ) or methoxyethoxymethyl bromide
- the stirring reaction time can be 24 to 72 hours. In general, it is sufficient to react the double-centered quaternary ammonium salt with the alkyl halide.
- reaction of bipyridine with alkane is not limited to a protective gas atmosphere formed by nitrogen or argon, and it is only carried out under the protection of an inert gas.
- the reaction liquid After the reaction liquid is cooled, it is not limited to the purification of the dialkylbipyridine by washing three times with ethyl acetate, and the dialkyl bipyridyl compound may be purified by other methods in the art.
- the dialkyl bipyridyl halide prepared in step S21 and the salt of the formula M+Y- are mixed at a molar ratio of 1: 2 and then added to deionized water at a reaction temperature of room temperature, and the reaction time is 8 to 24 hours.
- the dialkylbipyridine halide is stirred with a salt of the formula ⁇ + ⁇ -, and the mixture obtained after the ion exchange reaction is extracted with dichloromethane until the obtained deionized water phase is saturated with the AgN0 3 aqueous solution. No precipitation occurred in the titration.
- the methylene chloride phase was concentrated by evaporation and dried under vacuum at 80 ° C for 48 h to obtain a double centered structure having the following structural formula.
- ⁇ + is Na+, K+ or NH 4 +
- Y- is BF 4 -, PF 6 -, (CF 3 S0 2 ) 2 N- or (FS0 2 ) 2 N-.
- the time of the ion exchange reaction is not limited to 8 to 24 hours, as long as the dialkylbipyridine halide is ion-exchanged with the salt of the formula M+Y-; the separation and purification of the double center
- the organic solvent is at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP).
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- EP ethyl propionate
- step S23 is performed under the protection of an inert gas, which may be nitrogen or argon.
- Step S24 adding a lithium salt to the mixed solution of the organic solvent and the bi-centered bipyridine ion-based ionic liquid, and stirring and dissolving to obtain an organic electrolytic solution.
- concentration of the lithium salt in the organic electrolyte is 0.3 to 1.2 mol/L.
- the lithium salt has a concentration of 1 mol/L.
- the lithium salt may be selected from lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI). At least one.
- the electrochemical window of the bicenter bipyridylcation ionic liquid in the above organic electrolyte exceeds 4V, has good electrochemical stability, and is not easily decomposed under high voltage, so that the organic electrolyte has a higher charging voltage. Good stability.
- Lithium salts provide lithium ions in applications such as lithium ion batteries or lithium ion capacitors, and organic solvents can reduce the viscosity of the electrolyte. The following is a specific embodiment.
- the mixture was extracted three times with 250 mL of dichloromethane, and the extracts were combined. It was then stripped with 60 mL of deionized water each time until the aqueous phase was titrated with a saturated aqueous solution of AgN0 3 without precipitation.
- the methylene chloride phase was concentrated on a rotary evaporator and dried in vacuo at 80 ° C for 48 h to give a pale-yellow solid as a di-bibi- pyridine hexafluorophosphate.
- the methylene chloride phase was concentrated using a rotary evaporator and dried in vacuo at 80 ° C for 48 h to afford a pale-yellow solid as a bi-bibi-bi-trifluoromethanesulfonimide salt.
- ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP) are arranged in a volume ratio of 2:5:2:3.
- organic solvent cylinder called mixed solvent EC + EMC + DMC + EP.
- EMC + EMC + DMC + EP organic solvent
- the ratio of 10:1 is added to the bi-center bipyridyl tetrafluoroborate (prepared in Example 1) ionic liquid, and heated to 40°. C is stirred to obtain a homogenous organic phase.
- lithium salt LiBF 4 in this example
- a certain amount of lithium salt LiBF 4 in this example is added to make the molar concentration of the lithium salt 1 mol/L (based on the volume of the organic phase V EC + EMC + DMC + ⁇ + , ⁇ « sub-liquid to determine the lithium salt The amount of the), continue to stir to dissolve the lithium salt completely, thereby obtaining the target organic electrolyte.
- Figure 1 shows the use of graphene as the electrode material.
- the organic electrolyte prepared in this example is used as the electrolyte, assembled into a button cell, and subjected to constant current charge and discharge test using a CHI660A electrochemical workstation, at 0 ⁇ 3.2V.
- the charge-discharge curve of the button cell measured at a current of 0.25 A/g in the electrochemical window.
- the organic electrolyte prepared in this embodiment is suitable for the electrolyte of a supercapacitor, and the organic electrolyte has good stability in a charging voltage of up to 3.2 V.
- Example 7
- ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP) are arranged in a volume ratio of 2:5:2:3.
- organic solvent cylinder called mixed solvent EC + EMC + DMC + EP .
- EMC + EMC + DMC + EP organic solvent
- the ratio of 1:100 is added to the bi-center bipyridyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt (prepared in Example 3).
- the liquid was heated and heated to 40 ° C to obtain a homogeneous organic phase.
- lithium salt LiTFSI in this example
- LiTFSI lithium salt
- ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP) are arranged in a volume ratio of 2:5:2:3.
- Organic solvent (cylinder called mixed solvent EC+EMC + DMC + EP) °
- Bicenter bipyridyl ionic liquid is 1:10 ratio added to the bi-center bipyridyl double (Fluorosyl)imide salt (prepared in Example 4)
- An ionic liquid and heated to 40 ° C to obtain a homogenous organic phase.
- LiFSI lithium salt
- Ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate under N 2 atmosphere protection (DMC), ethyl propionate (EP) is configured as an organic solvent in a volume ratio of 2:5:2:3 (the cartridge is referred to as a mixed solvent EC+ EMC + DMC + EP).
- the mass is then mixed solvent EC + EMC + DMC + EP: bis-bipyridine center "is defined ionic liquid 1: 1 ratio of the bis-bipyridine a given center tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid was heated to 40 ° C and stirred The homogenous organic phase is obtained.
- ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP) are arranged in a volume ratio of 2:5:2:3.
- Organic solvent (cylinder called mixed solvent EC + EMC + DMC + EP ) °
- bi-center bipyridyl ionic liquid 40 1 ratio of the addition of bi-bipyridine ion
- the liquid (this example is a bi-center bipyridyl tetrafluoroborate with a molar ratio of 1:1 and a bi-center bipyridyl hexafluorophosphate) and heated to 40 ° C to obtain a homogenous organic phase.
- lithium salt in this example, LiTFSI and LiFSI with a molar ratio of 1:1
- LiTFSI and LiFSI with a molar ratio of 1:1
- Sub-liquid determines the amount of lithium salt
- ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP) are arranged in a volume ratio of 2:5:2:3.
- Organic solvent (cylinder called mixed solvent EC + EMC + DMC + EP ) °
- the mass ratio mixed solvent EC + EMC + DMC + EP double-phase bipyridyl ionic liquid 70: 1 ratio of the addition of bi-bipyridine ion Liquid (this example is a bis-bipyridyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt and a bi-bipyridine bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide salt in a molar ratio of 1:1) and heated to 40 ° C for stirring.
- ethylene carbonate (EC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethyl propionate (EP) are arranged in a volume ratio of 2:5:2:3.
- organic solvent cylinder called mixed solvent EC + EMC + DMC + EP .
- EMC + EMC + DMC + EP organic solvent
- the ratio of 100:1 is added to the bi-center bipyridyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt ionic liquid, and heated to 40 The mixture was stirred at ° C to obtain a homogenous organic phase.
- lithium salt LiTFSI in this example
- LiTFSI lithium salt
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PCT/CN2011/079118 WO2013029237A1 (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 双中心联吡啶阳离子类离子液体及其制备方法和应用 |
EP11871780.0A EP2752409B1 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | Double-center bipyridyl cationic ionic liquid, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
US14/234,384 US9196424B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | Double-center bipyridyl cationic ion liquid, preparation method therefor and use thereof |
JP2014527454A JP5796128B2 (ja) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 2つの中心を有するビピリジルカチオン系イオン液体、その調製方法及び使用 |
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BE793156A (fr) * | 1971-12-23 | 1973-06-21 | Philips Nv | Cellule reproductrice d'images |
DE2811803A1 (de) * | 1978-03-15 | 1979-09-27 | Schering Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von 4.4'-bipyridyl und dessen alkylderivaten |
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JP2003321425A (ja) * | 2002-05-02 | 2003-11-11 | Daikin Ind Ltd | フッ素化合物の製造方法、及びフッ素化剤前駆体の回収又は再生方法 |
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CN110204473B (zh) * | 2019-05-22 | 2023-03-10 | 常州乾艺智能制造科技有限公司 | 一种用于锂电池的双中心阳离子液体及其制备方法 |
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