WO2013028100A1

WO2013028100A1 - Device for unloading cars

Info

Publication number: WO2013028100A1
Application number: PCT/RU2012/000247
Authority: WO
Inventors: Юрий Николаевич СЛЕПКО
Original assignee: Slepko Yurij Nikolaevich
Priority date: 2011-08-22
Filing date: 2012-04-06
Publication date: 2013-02-28

Abstract

The invention relates to unloading means for freight cars with bottom unloading elements. The device for unloading cars comprises a container with a bottom (6), two side walls (8) which are connected to the bottom at opposite edges thereof and are inclined in opposite directions, two first additional walls (4), two second additional walls (10), four wall connection means, and a loading opening. Fastening elements are connected to the bottom and to each side wall, each of said fastening elements being formed by two supports mounted with a gap with respect to one another. Each first additional wall is fixed between the supports of the fastening elements. Each second additional wall is mounted between the first additional walls, is connected to each of said first additional walls with the aid of the wall connection means, and is arranged as a continuation of the side wall corresponding thereto. The bottom is provided with an unloading opening (5), and either a screw conveyor or a belt conveyor or a drag conveyor or a vacuum evacuation device is led up to said unloading opening. The invention reduces the labour intensity involved in and the time taken for installing and dismantling the device.

Description

Device for unloading wagons

The technical field The utility model relates to unloading means for freight cars with bottom unloading elements

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A transshipment complex for wagons is known (RF patent N ° 97120).

The transshipment complex for wagons comprises a vehicle with a receiving tank and a pneumatic conveying system, including a pipeline with an intake pipe, and at least one means for attaching the intake pipe to the car. The means for attaching the intake pipe to the car is made with the possibility of docking with the unloading hatch of the car and fixing the lid of the latter. The means for attaching the intake pipe to the carriage includes a frame mounted on the discharge hatch of the carriage connected to a duct having a pipe configured to connect to the intake pipe.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is low productivity.

The closest technical solution (prototype) is a device for unloading cement from a car (RF patent N ° 2298517). A device for unloading cement from wagons comprises a hopper with a grate and estrus mounted under the railway tracks. The chute is mounted on a trolley in a rectangular hole in it, with the possibility of movement along the axis of the railway track. The chute is made of two half-holes articulated with a trolley. Half-holes are made of a cross-member and of two side walls pivotally interconnected with the possibility of rotation by 90 °. The side walls are equipped with cardan joints and are connected to levers that are pivotally connected to the beam and placed between an internal stop restricting rotation to 90 ° and an external stop allowing rotation until the wall is brought into horizontal position when the estrus is open. Rocker arms are connected to pneumatic cylinders. The trolley is fixed shutters with the ability to move along the guide corners together with a trolley. The estrus is provided with a lid to close the hole formed after the estrus is brought into the open position.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the complexity and duration of installation and dismantling of the device.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to reduce the complexity and time of installation and dismantling of the device, as well as reducing unloading time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The goal is achieved due to the fact that in a device for unloading wagons containing a bottom, two side walls, two first additional walls, two second additional walls, four means for connecting the walls, the first stops and second stops, two side walls are attached to the bottom from its opposite edges with an inclination in opposite directions, while the bottom, two side walls, the first two additional walls are part of the elements forming the tank, and the tank is equipped with a loading hole, you two first fasteners and two second fasteners are filled, and the first fastener is formed by two first stops installed with a gap relative to each other, and attached to the bottom, the second fastener is formed by two second stops installed with a gap relative to each other and attached each to each side wall, each first additional wall is fixed between the first stops and second stops respectively of the first fastening element and the second fastening closest to each other element, each second additional wall is installed between the first additional walls and connected to each of them by means of connecting the walls, while it is located as a continuation of the corresponding side wall, the second additional walls are part of the elements forming the tank, the loading hole is formed by the corresponding edges two first additional walls and two second secondary walls in the bottom there is a discharge opening to which either a screw device or a tape is connected A primary conveyor, or a scraper conveyor, or a vacuum extraction device.

Brief Description of the Drawings A utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the appearance of the device.

An embodiment of the invention

The drawing shows: sleeper 1, connecting element 2, rail 3, first additional wall 4, discharge hole 5, bottom 6, first fastening element 7, side wall 8, second fastening element 9, second additional wall 10, additional pipe 11, restrictive wall 12, the second device of the overlap 13, the first device of the overlap 14, the main material pipe 15.

The main elements of the device are the bottom 6 with side walls 8, the first additional walls 4, the second additional walls 10, the main material pipe 15, as well as the scraper conveyor or screw or belt conveyor or vacuum extraction device, equipped with a restriction wall 12 in the particular case with the first overlap device 14 and an additional pipe 11 with a second overlap device 13.

Cross tie 1 is an element of the railway track in the form of a massive wooden or reinforced concrete beam, on which the rails are fixed. The sleepers 1 are transverse to the rails 3, i.e. perpendicular to them or in a position close to perpendicular. Sleepers 1 is located at some distance from each other, providing sufficient strength of the railroad tracks.

Rail 3 is an element of the railway track in the form of a narrow steel bar along which the train wheel rolls directly. The rails 3 are parallel to each other with the formation of two extended guides for the wheels of trains. The rails 3 are attached to the sleepers 1 using the connecting elements 2. The connecting elements 2 are made with the possibility of fastening the rails 3 to the sleepers 1.

The bottom 6 is made so that the material (cargo) located on the bottom 6 can get into the discharge opening 5, for example, under the influence of the weight of the material (cargo) itself, while the bottom 6 is made inclined from its edges to the discharge opening 5. In the case of air transportation of the material (cargo) from the discharge opening 5 to the main material pipe 15, the bottom 6 can be made in the form of a rectangular plate, while getting material (cargo) in the discharge opening 5 is provided by tightening it under the influence of air flow. One of the sizes of the bottom 6 is made with the possibility of placing the bottom 6 between the rails 3 of the railway track. The size of the bottom 6 in the direction perpendicular to the specified (i.e., in the direction of the axis of the railway tracks and rail 3) can be made of considerable length, for the possibility of serving several cars at the same time, or a length sufficient to serve one car with simultaneous emptying through all the lower hatches, or the length of the overlapping coverage area of only one pair of hatches of the car, with a small margin of error in the installation of the car. The bottom 6 may be made integral or consisting of several parts. In each day 6, a discharge opening 5 is made.

Several discharge holes 5 in the bottom 6 can be made. The discharge opening 5 is provided with a net to prevent material (cargo) or foreign impurities from entering the boundary wall 12 of the clods, which can damage any part of the device. The bottom 6 along two opposite edges facing the rails 3 is connected to the side walls 8. The bottom 6 along at least two other edges, as well as parallel to them at some distance from each other, is equipped with the first fastening elements 7 and the second fastening elements 9.

Side walls 8 are designed to limit the spillage of material

(load) outside the railway track in the direction of the rail 3. The side walls 8 are made along the entire length of the bottom 6. The side walls 8 are located at an angle to the bottom 6, in the particular case of more than 90 °. The height of the side walls 8 is made with the possibility of unhindered passage of trains of the railway section on which this device is installed. The side walls 8 can be made separately from the bottom 6 and connected to it in any way possible, for example by means of a welded joint, bolt joint or any other, or the side walls 8 and the bottom 6 can be made integral.

The first fastening element 7 and the second fastening element 9 are configured to jointly hold the first additional wall 4 when it is installed in the device and to be released when it is removed from the device. The first fastening element 7 and the second fastening element 9 are made with the possibility of installing the first additional wall 4 perpendicular to the bottom 6 or at an angle to the bottom 6 from one side wall 8 to the other side wall 8. One bottom 6 may be provided with at least two first fasteners 7 and two second fasteners 9 located at the edges of the bottom 6, perpendicular to its connection with side walls 8. The bottom 6, having a considerable length, is equipped with more than two first fasteners 7 and two second fasteners 9 located at the same distance from each other along the length of the bottom 6 between its edges, are perpendicular compound 6 and the bottom with the side walls 8. In this first additional wall 4 is set in the next to each other the first fastening elements 7 and second 9 fastening elements.

The first fastener 7 is configured to hold the first additional wall 4 at the bottom 6. The first fastener 7 is made up of two first stops. The first stops are located with a gap relative to each other. The first fastening element 7 is attached to the bottom 6. The first stops, in a particular case, are made in the form of angles, i.e. in the form of two shelves (rectangular plates), interconnected perpendicular to each other. Each first stop is attached to the bottom 6 of one of the shelves, while its other shelf faces the other first stop of this first fastening element 7 and is parallel to the corresponding shelf of the other first stop. In this case, parallel shelves are located at some distance from each other (with a gap) equal to the thickness of the first additional wall 4. Each first stop of the first fastener 7 is located on a shelf perpendicular to the bottom 6, in the same plane as one of the second stops of the second fastener 9.

The second fastener 9 is configured to hold the first additional wall 4 at a distance (some height) from the bottom 6. Each second stop is attached to each side wall 8 at a certain distance from the bottom 6. The second fastener 9 is made up of two second stops. The second unit is located with a gap relative to each other. Every second emphasis of the second fastening element 9 in a particular case is made in the form of a U-shaped element fixed by opposite ends to the side walls. In the particular case of the second stops are perpendicular to the bottom 6. The ends of the second stops made U-shaped can be attached to the bottom 6 and act as the first stops. Moreover, every second emphasis of the second fastening element 9 is located in the same plane with the corresponding shelf of the corresponding first stop of the first fastener 7. The second stops of the second fastener 9 are located at a certain distance (with a gap) from each other, approximately equal to the thickness of the first additional wall 4.

The first additional wall 4 is made in the form of a plate, in the particular case quadrangular. The first additional wall 4 is made to limit the scattering of material (cargo) after installing the first additional wall 4 inside the device between the corresponding parts of the first fastening element 7 and the second fastening element 9, as well as providing the ability to remove the first additional wall 4 of the device. The first additional wall 4 is made with the possibility of the formation of a cavity (capacity) between the bottom 6 with two side walls 8 and two first additional walls 4. In this case, one of the edges of the first additional wall 4 has a size equal to the length of the bottom 6 between the side walls 8, and two the edges adjacent to the specified edge are located at angles to it equal to the angles between the bottom 6 and the side walls 8. The height of the first additional wall 4 from the edge facing the bottom 5 to the opposite edge in the particular case is greater than in a honeycomb of the side walls 8. The height of the first additional wall 4 is approximately equal to the height of the second additional wall 4 with the side wall 8 after installing the second additional wall 4 as an extension of the side wall 8. The first additional wall 4 is made with the possibility of maintaining the relative position of the second additional walls 10 and preventing them from falling out of the device under the action of a mass of material (cargo) filling the cavity between the bottom 6, side walls 8, the first additional wall and 4 and the second additional walls 10. In the particular case, for example, the first additional wall 4 can be equipped with means for connecting the walls or means of hooking made in the form of hooks and located near two adjacent corners of the first additional wall 4 that are farthest from the bottom 6 and facing side of the second additional walls 10.

The second additional wall 10 is made in the form of a plate, in the particular case of a quadrangular. The second additional wall 10 is made with the possibility of limiting the scattering of material (cargo) from the side of the rail 3 above the height of the side wall 8, providing the possibility of increasing the height of the side walls 8, as well as its installation between the first additional walls 4. The second additional wall 10 is made with the possibility of fastening it to the first additional walls 4 and / or side walls 8. In the particular case of the second additional walls 10 are equipped with means for connecting the walls (meshing means) made in the form of hooks and located near two adjacent corners of the second additional wall 10, farthest from the bottom 6 and facing the first additional walls 4. These means of connecting the walls made enes enable engagement with the edges of the two first additional wall 4, opposite the first additional compound with the bottom wall 4 or 6 with a compound of interlocking means provided on the first additional wall 4. The height of each of the second additional wall 10, i.e., the size of the second additional wall 10 in the direction perpendicular to the bottom 6 is made larger than the distance from the edge of the corresponding first additional wall 4, for which the second additional wall 10 is hooked, to the nearest edge of the corresponding side wall 8. The edge of the second additional wall 10 facing to the bottom 6 rests on the corresponding side wall 8 from the side of the cavity (capacity) formed between the bottom 6, two side walls 8, two first additional walls 4 and two second additional walls 10. In this case, the first additional walls 4 and the second additional walls 10 formed a loading hole designed to fill this tank with cargo from the car.

The device is equipped with a scraper conveyor or screw or belt conveyor or vacuum extraction device designed to move the material (cargo) from the discharge opening 5 to the main material pipe 15 or receiving tank. A vacuum sampling device is, for example, a pipeline with an air discharge device, for example a pump, in which under the influence of the air flow resulting from the pressure drop, material (cargo) is pumped from the discharge opening 5 to the main material wire 15. A scraper conveyor or screw or a conveyor belt or vacuum pick-up device is installed with the possibility of material (cargo) falling on it from the discharge opening 5. Scraper conveyor or auger or flax intramural conveyor or a vacuum sampling device provided with boundary wall 12. The boundary wall 12 is made with the possibility of limiting the scattering of material (cargo), as well as the formation and limitation of the trajectory of movement of the material (cargo). As the restrictive wall 12, for example, a pipe can be used, inside which a screw, a conveyor belt, a scraper conveyor are placed, or to which a pump or aeration device is connected to fluidize the material and form the desired ratio of air and material to move the material (load). As the boundary wall 12, for example, the conveyor belt itself can be used, or, for example, a tray or a pallet can be used. The boundary wall 12 in the form of a pipe is connected at one end to the bottom 6 along the perimeter of the restrictive hole 12, and the opposite end to the main material pipe 15.

In the case of using a pipe as a restriction wall 12, a first overlap device 14 is installed on it. The first overlap device 14 is configured to allow the material (cargo) to be blocked from any discharge opening 5 to the main material pipe 15.

The additional pipe 11 is designed to saturate the air of the material (cargo) entering the boundary wall 12 and the formation of a fluidized bed of bulk material (cargo). Additional pipe 11 is intended for use in conjunction with a vacuum sampling device. The additional pipe 11 is connected at one end to the restriction wall (pipe) 12 from the side of the end of the restriction wall (pipe) 12 connected to the discharge hole 5. The additional pipe 11 is provided with a second shutoff device 13. The second shutoff device 13 is configured to control the amount of air entering the additional pipe 11 and the boundary wall 12 by partially or completely overlapping the cross section of the additional pipe 11.

The main material pipe 15 is a material pipe connecting all scraper conveyors or screws or belt conveyors or vacuum extraction devices, as well as their bounding walls 12 and moving material (cargo) from them to the receiving container. The main material pipe 15 can be made similar to the means of movement material (cargo), for example in the form of a scraper conveyor or screw or conveyor belt or vacuum extraction device with a boundary wall 12.

Industrial applicability

The utility model is implemented as follows.

The bottom 6 is made, side walls 8, first additional walls 4, second additional walls 10, first fasteners 7, second fasteners 9, main material pipe 15, scraper conveyor or auger or belt conveyor or vacuum extraction device with a restrictive wall 12, and if necessary, the first overlap device 14 and an additional pipe 11 with a second overlap device 13. In the bottom 6, a discharge opening 5 is made, which is provided with a mesh. The side walls 8, the first fasteners 7 and the second fasteners 9 are attached to the bottom 6 in the manner described above, for example by means of a welded joint.

In the inter-sleeper space under the rails 3, a scraper conveyor or auger or a conveyor belt or a vacuum sampling device are placed in the boundary wall 12, for example, in the form of a pipe. If necessary, a hole is made in the inter-sleeper space (gravel or soil is loosened). On the sleepers 1 between the rails 3, a bottom 6 is installed with the side walls 8. In this case, the side walls 8 are located on the side of the rail 3, face the opposite to the sleepers 1 and limit the scattering of material (cargo) towards the rail 3. The height of the side walls 8 is made with the possibility of unhindered movement of railway transport on rails 3.

In this case, one end of the scraper conveyor or screw or conveyor belt or vacuum extraction device and restrictive wall 12 is connected to the discharge opening 5 or placed under the discharge opening 5 with the possibility of material (cargo) getting on them. The opposite end of the scraper conveyor or screw or belt conveyor or vacuum extraction device and the restriction wall 12 are connected or placed with the possibility of transferring the material (cargo) to the main material to the wire 15. The main material pipe 15 is installed to allow movement of the material (cargo) from all installed scraper conveyors or screws or conveyor belts or vacuum sampling devices connected to the main pipe 15, to the receiving tank. If necessary, the first overlap device 14 is installed on the boundary wall 12. When using a vacuum screening device, an additional pipe 11 is placed under the rails 3 under the rails 3. One end of the additional pipe 11 is connected to the restrictive wall 12 near the discharge opening 5. At the opposite end of the additional pipe 11, the second device of the overlap 13. If necessary, the opposite end of the additional] pipe 11 is connected to the compress pv.

A wagon with bottom discharge is fed to the installation site of the device. In this case, the unloading hatches of the car are placed above the bottom 6 with unloading holes 5. If necessary, install the first additional walls 4, limiting the scattering of material (cargo) in the direction along the rail 3 and the second additional walls 10, limiting the scattering of material (cargo) on the rails 3. When this, the first additional walls 4 are held by the first fastening elements 7 and the second fastening elements 9. The second additional walls 10 are held, in the particular case by mutual engagement of means with unity walls formed on the first additional wall 4 and wall means a compound formed on the second additional wall 10 and also due to the abutment edges corresponding to the second additional wall 10 to the side wall 8.

Open the unloading hatches of the car, from which the material (cargo) is poured onto the bottom 6. Due to the bottom 6 with inclined walls from the edges of the bottom 6 to the unloading hole 5, the material (cargo) gets under the influence of its own weight (gravity) through the unloading hole 5 on a scraper conveyor or auger or belt conveyor or into the boundary wall (pipe) 12 of the vacuum selection device. In the case of using a vacuum sampling device, it is possible to make the bottom 6 flat, while the ingress of material (cargo) into the discharge opening 5 is ensured by tightening it under the action of an air stream generated as a result of the pressure drop created in the boundary wall 12 by the pump. In this case, due to the implementation of the mesh at the discharge opening 5, the entry of material (cargo) into the clod device is prevented, which can damage the scraper conveyor or auger or belt conveyor or vacuum selection device. Material (cargo) by means of a scraper conveyor or auger or belt conveyor or the vacuum sampling device moves to the main material line 15. In this case, when using the vacuum sampling device, the second overlap device 13 is opened, installed on the additional pipeline And to ensure saturation of the material (cargo) with air and create a fluidized bed of material (cargo) for its further transportation under pressure . Air saturation can occur behind a set of air intake from the environment under the influence of a draft of the vacuum extraction device pump or under the effect of air injection using a compressor connected to an additional pipe 11. If necessary, for example, when not all discharge openings 5 are used for unloading, using the corresponding the first overlap devices 14 overlap the respective restriction walls 12 to restrict the passage of air to the idle, i.e. along the path with the least resistance. Also, the first overlapping devices 14 are used when impurities get into the material (cargo) of one of the cars, to block the ingress of contaminated material (cargo) into the receiving tank and the main pipe 15. Material (cargo) enters the main pipe 15 through which it moves to the receiving tank.

For better spillage of material into the discharge openings 5, mechanical vibrators can be used that are mounted on the walls or bottom 6. These devices are used to accelerate and improve the spillage of the material.

Thus, the implementation of the device from the bottom with a discharge opening, side walls, first additional walls, second additional walls, scraper conveyor or auger or belt conveyor or vacuum extraction device reduces the complexity and time of installation and dismantling, and as a result, increases the overall performance of the process unloading the device at the expense of placing the container on the sleepers between the rails, and the scraper conveyor or screw or belt conveyor or vacuum extraction device under rails.

Claims

Utility Model Formula

A device for unloading cars, containing a bottom, two side walls, two first additional walls, two second additional walls, four means of connecting the walls, the first stops and second stops, two side walls are attached to the bottom from its opposite edges with an inclination in opposite directions, with this bottom, two side walls, the first two additional walls are part of the elements forming the tank, and the tank is equipped with a loading hole, characterized in that it is made of the first two fasteners and two in fasteners, the first fastener being formed by two first stops installed with a gap relative to each other and attached to the bottom, the second fastener is formed by two second stops installed with a gap relative to each other and attached each to each side wall, each first additional the wall is fixed between the first stops and the second stops, respectively, of the first fastener and the second fastener closest to each other, each second additional wall and is installed between the first additional walls and connected to each of them by means of connecting the walls, while it is located as a continuation of the corresponding side wall, the second additional walls are part of the elements forming the tank, the loading hole is formed by the corresponding edges of the first two additional walls and two second additional walls in the bottom there is a discharge opening to which either a screw device, or a conveyor belt, or a scraper conveyor, or stroystvo vacuum selection.