WO2013018582A1 - 樹脂発泡体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
樹脂発泡体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013018582A1 WO2013018582A1 PCT/JP2012/068680 JP2012068680W WO2013018582A1 WO 2013018582 A1 WO2013018582 A1 WO 2013018582A1 JP 2012068680 W JP2012068680 W JP 2012068680W WO 2013018582 A1 WO2013018582 A1 WO 2013018582A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/026—Crosslinking before of after foaming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin foam and a method for producing the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a resin foam useful for internal insulators such as electronic devices, cushioning materials, sound insulating materials, heat insulating materials, food packaging materials, clothing materials, and building materials, and a method for producing the same.
- foams used for internal insulators such as electronic devices, cushioning materials, sound insulation materials, heat insulating materials, food packaging materials, clothing agents, and building materials have a viewpoint of sealing properties when incorporated as parts. Therefore, it is required to be soft and excellent in cushioning properties and heat insulation properties.
- thermoplastic resin foams typified by polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene are well known.
- these foams have the disadvantages of low strength, poor softness and cushioning properties, and inferior strain recovery properties, especially when compressed and held at high temperatures, resulting in poor sealability.
- an attempt has been made to improve the strain recovery by providing resilience by elasticity in combination with softening the material itself by blending rubber components and imparting elasticity.
- the resilience due to elasticity is usually improved when a rubber component is blended, the foam structure is contracted by the restoring force of the resin after the foam deformation by the foaming agent in the process of making the foam, and the foam obtained finally The foaming ratio of the body will be low.
- Conventional methods for obtaining a general foam include a normal physical method and a chemical method.
- a low boiling point liquid (foaming agent) such as chlorofluorocarbons or hydrocarbons is dispersed in a polymer, and then heated to volatilize the foaming agent to form bubbles.
- the chemical method cells are formed by gas generated by thermal decomposition of a compound (foaming agent) added to the polymer base to obtain a foam.
- the foaming technology based on physical methods has various environmental problems such as the harmfulness of substances used as foaming agents and the destruction of the ozone layer.
- contamination due to corrosive gas or impurities remaining in the foam after foaming becomes a problem, and in particular for electronic parts, etc., there is a high demand for low contamination, which is not preferable.
- the gas such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide remaining in the bubble forms a bubble by the nucleus expanding and growing after the pressure is released to the atmosphere.
- the gas, such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide, remaining in the bubbles gradually permeates the polymer wall, which causes the foam to contract and gradually deforms the cell shape.
- a sufficient expansion ratio could not be obtained.
- thermoplastic resin composition to which an ultraviolet curable resin is added as a raw material and to cure the ultraviolet curable resin with a crosslinked structure after foaming (see Patent Document 2).
- resin foams have been required to have various properties depending on the application. For example, resin foams are required to have excellent dust resistance even at high temperatures. In addition, excellent impact absorbability has been demanded even at high temperatures. Furthermore, excellent heat resistance has been demanded. Furthermore, a resin foam having excellent heat resistance and flexibility and having light shielding properties has been demanded. In some cases, the foam of Patent Document 2 is insufficient for such a requirement.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a resin foam that is excellent in dust resistance even at high temperatures. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a resin foam excellent in impact absorbability even at high temperatures. Furthermore, the other object of this invention is to provide the resin foam excellent in heat resistance. Furthermore, the other object of this invention is to provide the resin foam which is excellent in heat resistance and a softness
- the present inventors have set the thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) to a specific value or more in the resin foam, and the strain recovery rate (80 ° C., It has been found that a resin foam excellent in dustproof property can be obtained even at high temperatures when the compression rate (50% compression for 24 hours) is not less than a specific value. Furthermore, it has been found that when the amount of change in the impact absorption rate is not more than a specific value in the resin foam, a resin foam excellent in impact absorption even at high temperatures can be obtained. Further, in the resin foam, the dimensional change rate after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere of 200 ° C.
- the weight change rate after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere of 200 ° C. is set to be a specific value or less. Then, it discovered that the resin foam excellent in heat resistance was obtained. Furthermore, in the resin foam, when the total light transmittance is a specific value or less, the density is within a specific range, and the strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) is a specific value or more, the heat resistance And it discovered that the resin foam which was excellent in the softness
- the thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) defined below is 70% or more, and the strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) defined below. ) Is 80% or more, a resin foam is provided.
- Thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression): Initial value obtained after compressing by 50% of the initial thickness at 23 ° C., maintaining the compressed state for 1 minute at 23 ° C., and then releasing the compressed state Ratio of thickness 1 second after release of compressed state relative to thickness Strain recovery rate (80 ° C, 24 hours, 50% compression): Compress only 50% of the initial thickness at 23 ° C and maintain the compressed state at 80 ° C for 24 hours From the ratio of the recovered distance to the compressed distance obtained after returning to 23 ° C. while maintaining the compressed state and releasing the compressed state, the resin foam is referred to as “resin foam of the first aspect” In some cases, they are collectively referred to.
- the above resin foam preferably has a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm and an average cell diameter of 10 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the resin foam preferably has a change amount of impact absorption defined below of 5% or less.
- Shock absorption rate (%) (F0 ⁇ F1) / F0 ⁇ 100
- F0 Impact force received by the support plate when the steel ball collides with the acrylic plate side of the laminate composed of the support plate and the acrylic plate.
- F1 The resin foam is used as a sheet-like test piece having a thickness of 1 mm. The impact force received by the support plate when the steel ball collides with the acrylic plate side of the laminate after the piece is inserted between the support plate and the acrylic plate of the laminate composed of the support plate and the acrylic plate
- Change in shock absorption rate shock absorption rate (%) required for a resin foam that has been compressed by 50% of its initial thickness at 23 ° C. for 5 minutes and then released from compression, and 50% of initial thickness at 180 ° C. for 5 minutes
- this invention provides the resin foam characterized by the variation
- Shock absorption rate (%) (F0 ⁇ F1) / F0 ⁇ 100
- F0 Impact force received by the support plate when the steel ball collides with the acrylic plate side of the laminate composed of the support plate and the acrylic plate.
- F1 The resin foam is used as a sheet-like test piece having a thickness of 1 mm.
- the resin foam is collectively referred to as “resin foam of the second aspect” There is a case.
- the dimensional change rate defined below is 30% or less after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere at 200 ° C., and the weight change rate after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere at 200 ° C.
- a resin foam characterized by being 15% by weight or less is provided.
- Dimensional change rate Resin foam is used as a sheet-like test piece having a width of 100 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm.
- the dimensional change rate in the direction with the largest change rate value.
- the resin foam may be collectively referred to as the “resin foam of the third aspect”.
- the resin foam preferably has a total light transmittance of 10% or less.
- the present invention has a total light transmittance of 10% or less, a density of 0.01 to 0.8 g / cm 3 , and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) defined below. ) Is 80% or more, a resin foam is provided. Strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression): Compress only 50% of the initial thickness at 23 ° C., maintain the compressed state at 80 ° C. for 24 hours, and then return to 23 ° C. while maintaining the compressed state The ratio of the recovered distance to the compressed distance obtained after the compressed state is released Note that the resin foam may be collectively referred to as “resin foam of the fourth aspect”.
- the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention has a thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) of a specific value or more, and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression). Since it is above a specific value, it is excellent in dustproofness even at high temperatures. Furthermore, the resin foam of the second aspect of the present invention has excellent impact absorbability even at high temperatures because the amount of change in impact absorbency is not more than a specific value. Furthermore, the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention has a dimensional change rate of not more than a specific value after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere at 200 ° C., and after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere at 200 ° C.
- the resin foam of the fourth aspect of the present invention has a total light transmittance of a specific value or less, a density within a specific range, and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression). Is more than a specific value, it is excellent in heat resistance and flexibility, and is also excellent in light shielding properties.
- the resin foam of the present invention is a foam containing a resin.
- the resin foam of the first aspect, the resin foam of the second aspect, the resin foam of the third aspect, and the resin foam of the fourth aspect in the resin foam of the present invention will be described.
- the resin foam of the first aspect, the resin foam of the second aspect, the resin foam of the third aspect and the resin foam of the fourth aspect It may be referred to as “one to four aspects of the resin foam”.
- the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention has a thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) defined below of 70% or more, and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C.) defined below. , 24 hours, 50% compression) is 80% or more.
- Thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression): Initial value obtained after compressing by 50% of the initial thickness at 23 ° C., maintaining the compressed state for 1 minute at 23 ° C., and then releasing the compressed state Ratio of thickness 1 second after release of compressed state relative to thickness Strain recovery rate (80 ° C, 24 hours, 50% compression): Compress only 50% of the initial thickness at 23 ° C and maintain the compressed state at 80 ° C for 24 hours From the ratio of the recovered distance to the compressed distance obtained after returning to 23 ° C while maintaining the compressed state and releasing the compressed state
- the thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) of the resin foam of the first aspect in the present invention is 70% or more, preferably 80% or more. Since the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention has a thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) of 70% or more, instantaneous recovery (instant recovery from a deformed state) ).
- the strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) of the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention is 80% or more, preferably 85% or more. Since the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention has a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) of 80% or more, it is at a high temperature (eg, 60 to 200 ° C., particularly 60 to 120 ° C.). ) With excellent sealing and dustproof properties.
- the resin foam according to the first aspect of the present invention has a thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) that are equal to or higher than a specific value. In addition to normal temperature, even at high temperatures, it has excellent dust resistance, especially dynamic dust resistance.
- the average cell diameter of the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the average cell diameter is obtained, for example, by cutting a resin foam, capturing an image of a cell structure of a cross section with a digital microscope, and analyzing the image.
- the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention has an average cell diameter of 200 ⁇ m or less when the thickness is small (for example, a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably a thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm, Even when the thickness is more preferably 0.1 to 1 mm, particularly 0.1 to 0.5 mm, the dust resistance, particularly the dynamic dust resistance, is improved. That is, the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention has a thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) of 70% or more, and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression). When the average cell diameter is 200 ⁇ m or less, even if it is a thin layer, the dust resistance is excellent.
- the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention is preferably used for applications requiring heat resistance with a thin layer when the average cell diameter is 200 ⁇ m or less and the thickness is 0.1 to 1 mm.
- the amount of change in the impact absorption rate defined below of the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less.
- Shock absorption rate (%) (F0 ⁇ F1) / F0 ⁇ 100
- F0 Impact force received by the support plate when the steel ball collides with the acrylic plate side of the laminate composed of the support plate and the acrylic plate.
- F1 The resin foam is used as a sheet-like test piece having a thickness of 1 mm.
- shock absorption rate (%) required for a resin foam that has been compressed by% and then released from compression The absolute value of the difference from the impact absorption rate (%) required for a resin foam that has been compressed by% and then released from compression.
- the thermal stability of the shock absorption capacity is excellent, in addition to room temperature, high temperature (for example, it can be used stably even under an atmosphere of 60 to 200 ° C.
- the total light transmittance of the resin foam of the first aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 3% or less. When the total light transmittance is 10% or less, it can be preferably used for applications requiring light shielding.
- the total light transmittance is the total light transmittance (according to JIS K7136) in the case of a sheet having a thickness of 0.6 mm.
- the resin foam according to the second aspect of the present invention is a resin foam in which the amount of change in the impact absorption rate defined above is 5% or less.
- the amount of change in the impact absorption rate defined above of the resin foam of the second aspect of the present invention is 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less.
- the resin foam of the second aspect of the present invention has an impact absorption rate change amount of 5% or less, so that it has excellent thermal stability of the shock absorption capacity, and at a high temperature (for example, 60 to 200 ° C.) in addition to normal temperature. Even under an atmosphere, it can be used stably.
- the total light transmittance of the resin foam of the second aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less. When the total light transmittance is 10% or less, it can be preferably used for applications requiring light shielding. In addition, the said total light transmittance is calculated
- the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention has a dimensional change rate defined below of 10% or less after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere at 200 ° C., and left for 1 hour in an atmosphere at 200 ° C.
- the dimensional change rate of the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention after standing at 200 ° C. for 1 hour is 30% or less, preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less.
- the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention has excellent thermal stability because the dimensional change rate is 10% or less, and is not only at room temperature but also in a high temperature (for example, 60 to 200 ° C.) atmosphere. Can be used stably.
- the dimensional change rate is a sheet-like test piece having a width of 100 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm, and the dimensional change rate in the width direction and the dimensional change rate in the length direction of the test piece.
- the dimensional change rate in the direction with the largest change rate value For example, the dimensional change rate of 10% or less means that the dimensional change rate in the width direction, the dimensional change rate in the length direction, and the dimensional change rate in the thickness direction of the test piece are all 10% or less. It means that there is.
- a dimensional change rate (%) is calculated
- required from the following. Dimensional change rate (%) (L0 ⁇ L1) / L0 ⁇ 100 L0: Initial specimen size (blank value) L1: Dimensions of the test piece after being left at 200 ° C. for 1 hour
- the weight change rate of the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention after standing at 200 ° C. for 1 hour is 15% by weight or less, preferably 5% by weight or less. Since the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention has a weight change rate of 15% by weight or less, it has excellent thermal stability and is not only at room temperature but also at high temperatures (eg, 60 to 200 ° C.). However, it can be used stably.
- Weight change rate (%) (W0 ⁇ W1) / W0 ⁇ 100 W0: Initial specimen weight (blank value) W1: Weight of the test piece after being left at 200 ° C. for 1 hour
- the total light transmittance of the resin foam according to the third aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% or less, more preferably 3% or less.
- the total light transmittance is 10% or less, it can be preferably used for applications requiring light shielding.
- the said total light transmittance is calculated
- the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention has a dimensional change rate of 30% or less (preferably 10% or less, more preferably 5% or less) after being left for 1 hour in an atmosphere of 200 ° C., Since the rate of change in weight after standing for 1 hour in an atmosphere of 200 ° C. is 15% by weight or less, the heat resistance is excellent.
- the resin foam of the fourth aspect of the present invention has a total light transmittance of 10% or less, a density of 0.01 to 0.8 g / cm 3 , and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C.) as defined above. , 24 hours, 50% compression) is 80% or more.
- the total light transmittance of the resin foam according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is 10% or less, preferably 3% or less.
- the resin foam of the 4th aspect in this invention is preferably used for the use for which light-shielding is calculated
- the said total light transmittance is calculated
- the density (apparent density) of the resin foam according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is 0.01 to 0.8 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.02 to 0.2 g / cm 3 . Since the density is within this range, the resin foam of the fourth aspect of the present invention has a good balance between moderate strength and flexibility, and further has good shock absorption and good recovery (from the deformed state). ).
- the strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) of the resin foam according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is 80% or more, preferably 85% or more. Since the resin foam of the third aspect of the present invention has a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) of 80% or more, it is at a high temperature (eg, 60 to 200 ° C., particularly 60 to 120 ° C.). ) With excellent sealing and dustproof properties.
- the resin foam of the fourth aspect of the present invention has a total light transmittance of 10% or less, a density of 0.01 to 0.8 g / cm 3 , and a strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50 % Compression) is 80% or more, the heat resistance and flexibility are excellent, and the light shielding property is also excellent.
- the thickness and shape of the resin foam according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention are not particularly limited, and are appropriately selected depending on the application.
- Preferred shapes are sheet, tape, and film.
- the thickness is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 20 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 15 mm, and still more preferably 0.1 to 5 mm.
- the thickness and shape may be adjusted to a desired thickness and shape by processing such as punching.
- the cell structure (cell structure) of the resin foam according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention is not particularly limited, but a closed cell structure or a semi-continuous semi-closed cell structure is preferable.
- the semi-continuous semi-independent structure refers to a bubble structure in which a closed cell structure and an open cell structure are mixed.
- the ratio of the closed cell structure is not particularly limited.
- the bubble structure is preferably a bubble structure in which the closed cell structure portion is 80% or more (in particular, 90% or more).
- the average cell diameter of the cell structure is particularly Although not limited, it is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the upper limit of the average cell diameter is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m or less, it is possible to improve the dustproof property and improve the light shielding property.
- flexibility can be made favorable by making the minimum of the said average cell diameter into 10 micrometers or more.
- bubble structure and average cell diameter are obtained, for example, by cutting a resin foam, capturing an image of a bubble structure in a cross section with a digital microscope, and analyzing the image.
- the density is not particularly limited, but 0 0.01 to 0.8 g / cm 3 is preferable, and 0.02 to 0.2 g / cm 3 is more preferable.
- the resin foam can have appropriate strength and flexibility, and can easily exhibit good cushioning properties and good recoverability (recoverability from a deformed state).
- the compression load at the time of 50% compression of the resin foams of the first to fourth aspects in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 N / cm 2 from the viewpoint of dust resistance and flexibility. More preferably, it is 0.1 to 3.0 N / cm 2 , and further preferably 0.1 to 2.0 N / cm 2 .
- the compression load at the time of 50% compression is a load necessary to compress the resin foam by 50% of the initial thickness.
- the compression load at the time of 50% compression is determined according to the compression hardness measurement method described in JIS K 6767.
- the amount of change in the impact absorption rate defined above is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3 % Or less.
- the thermal stability of the impact absorption capability is excellent, and it can be used stably even in a high temperature (eg 60 to 200 ° C) atmosphere in addition to normal temperature. can do.
- the dimensional change rate after leaving at 200 ° C. for 1 hour is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and even more preferably 5% or less.
- the rate of dimensional change is 30% or less (especially 10% or less), it has excellent thermal stability and can be used stably even in a high temperature (for example, 60 to 200 ° C.) atmosphere in addition to normal temperature. be able to.
- the weight change rate after leaving at 200 ° C. for 1 hour is not particularly limited, but is preferably 15% or less, more preferably 5% or less.
- the weight change rate is 15% or less, the thermal stability is excellent, and it can be used stably even in an atmosphere of high temperature (for example, 60 to 200 ° C.) in addition to normal temperature.
- the blackness L * in the resin foams of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than 50, more preferably less than 45, and even more preferably less than 40.
- the blackness L * is one of color attributes, and is the degree of brightness of the color. The higher the value of the blackness L *, the brighter the color. When L * is 100, the color is white, and when it is 0, the color is black. As the blackness increases, the value of the total light transmittance decreases, and the shielding properties also improve.
- the resin foam according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention is formed of a resin composition, and is preferably formed by foam molding of the resin composition.
- the resin composition is a composition containing at least a resin, and is a composition used for forming the resin foam according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention.
- the resin composition is not particularly limited, but “acrylic polymer, active energy ray-curable compound having 2 (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule, activity having 3 or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule”.
- the “resin composition containing at least an energy ray-curable compound and a thermal crosslinking agent” is preferable.
- the “resin composition containing a functional compound and a thermal crosslinking agent” may be referred to as “the resin composition of the present invention”.
- the “active energy ray-curable compound having n (n) (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule” may be further referred to as “n-functional (meth) acrylate”.
- an active energy ray-curable compound having 2 (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule is referred to as “bifunctional (meth) acrylate” and “active energy having 3 or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule”.
- the “line-curable compound” may be referred to as “trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate”.
- (Meth) acrylic means “acrylic and / or methacrylic”, and others are the same.
- (meth) acrylate” means “acrylate and / or methacrylate”, and the same applies to others.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains an active energy ray-curable compound (bifunctional (meth) acrylate and trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate) and a thermal crosslinking agent.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains a thermal crosslinking agent.
- the crosslinked structure of the thermal crosslinking agent is formed by heat treatment, the acrylic polymer portion is crosslinked, and the heat resistance of the resin foam is improved.
- the durability of the resin foam is also improved.
- a bifunctional (meth) acrylate and a trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate are used in combination as an active energy ray-curable compound.
- bifunctional (meth) acrylate the Tg of the resin constituting the resin foam of the present invention is lowered. Thereby, even if a deformation occurs due to a load from the outside, it is difficult to fix the deformed state.
- heat resistance improves by using trifunctional (meth) acrylate. As a result, both strain recovery at high temperatures and heat resistance can be achieved. In addition, sufficient heat resistance may not be obtained only by bifunctional (meth) acrylate.
- bifunctional (meth) acrylate and trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate are used in combination as the active energy ray-curable compound.
- a tri- or higher functional (meth) acrylate in combination, the cross-linked structure is formed three-dimensionally, so the recovery from deformation is improved. For this reason, instantaneous recoverability is also excellent.
- recoverability means the characteristic which will return to the state before a deformation
- the resin composition of the present invention includes an acrylic polymer, an active energy ray-curable compound having 2 (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule, and an active energy ray-curable compound having 3 or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule. And at least a thermal crosslinking agent.
- the composition containing a thermoplastic resin may be sufficient as the resin composition of this invention.
- the above components (acrylic polymer, active energy ray-curable compound having 2 (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule, active energy ray having 3 or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule)
- the curable compound and the thermal crosslinking agent is contained alone or in combination of two or more.
- the above acrylic polymer is an essential component of the resin composition of the present invention, and is a polymer constituting a resin foam.
- the acrylic polymer is preferably a homopolymer or copolymer using an acrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group (straight chain, branched chain, or cyclic alkyl group) as an essential monomer component.
- the acrylic polymer preferably has rubber elasticity at room temperature. 1 type of the said acrylic polymer may be contained in the resin composition of this invention, and may be contained 2 or more types.
- the “alkyl acrylate ester having an alkyl group” may be simply referred to as “alkyl acrylate ester”.
- the content of the acrylic polymer in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 20% by weight or more (for example, 20 to 80% by weight) with respect to the total amount of the resin composition of the present invention (100% by weight). ), More preferably 30% by weight or more (for example, 30 to 70% by weight).
- the alkyl acrylate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (2-EHA), isooctyl acrylate, isononyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, and isobutyl acrylate. Hexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate (IBXA) and the like are preferable.
- the said acrylic acid alkylester is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the ratio of the alkyl acrylate ester to the total monomer components (100% by weight) constituting the acrylic polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more.
- a copolymerizable monomer component is used in addition to the alkyl acrylate ester as a monomer component constituting the acrylic polymer.
- the “copolymerizable monomer component” may be referred to as “another monomer component”.
- said other monomer component is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the other monomer component is preferably a monomer that provides a functional group capable of reacting with a functional group of a thermal crosslinking agent described later in the acrylic polymer. That is, the monomer is preferably a monomer that provides a crosslinking point for crosslinking with a thermal crosslinking agent in the acrylic polymer.
- a functional group which the acrylic polymer has and which can react with a functional group of a thermal crosslinking agent described later may be referred to as a “reactive functional group”.
- a monomer that provides a functional group serving as a crosslinking point of the thermal crosslinking agent in the acrylic polymer in other words, a monomer that provides a reactive functional group in the acrylic polymer is referred to as “functional group”.
- containing monomer a monomer that provides a reactive functional group in the acrylic polymer
- the acrylic polymer is preferably a copolymer of the alkyl acrylate and the functional group-containing monomer.
- the functional group-containing monomer include carboxyl group-containing monomers such as methacrylic acid (MAA), acrylic acid (AA), and itaconic acid (IA); hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (4HBA), Hydroxyl group-containing monomers such as hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA); Amino group-containing monomers such as dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DM); Amide group-containing monomers such as acrylic amide (AM) and methylol acrylamide (N-MAN); Glycidyl methacrylate And epoxy group-containing monomers such as (GMA); acid anhydride group-containing monomers such as maleic anhydride; and cyano group-containing monomers such as acrylonitrile (AN).
- carboxyl group-containing monomers such as methacrylic acid (MA
- a carboxyl group-containing monomer, a hydroxyl group-containing monomer, and a cyano group-containing monomer are preferable because of easy crosslinking, and acrylic acid (AA), 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (4HBA), and acrylonitrile (AN) are particularly preferable.
- the said functional group containing monomer is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the ratio of the functional group-containing monomer to the total monomer component (100% by weight) constituting the acrylic polymer is not particularly limited, but the crosslinking density is sufficiently obtained, the crosslinking becomes too hard and the flexibility is lowered. Is preferably 2 to 40% by weight, more preferably 2 to 30% by weight, and still more preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
- Examples of other monomer components other than the functional group-containing monomer include vinyl acetate (VAc), styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl acrylate (MA), methoxyethyl acrylate (MEA), and the like. It is done. Among these, methoxyethyl acrylate (MEA) is preferable from the viewpoint of cold resistance.
- the active energy ray-curable compound (bifunctional (meth) acrylate) having 2 (two) (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule is not particularly limited.
- polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate Polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth)
- examples thereof include acrylate, bisphenol F-EO modified di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A-EO modified di (meth) acrylate, and isocyanuric acid-EO modified di (meth) acrylate.
- the bifunctional (meth) acrylate may be a monomer or an oligomer.
- bifunctional (meth) acrylate is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- Examples of the active energy ray-curable compound (trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate) having 3 or more (three or more) (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule include trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, penta Erythritol tri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, polyfunctional polyester acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, polyfunctional urethane acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, oligoester (meta ) Acrylate and the like.
- the above trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylates such as trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, are provided with a high elastic modulus to suppress the shrinkage of the resin foam.
- Trifunctional (meth) acrylates are preferred.
- the trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylate may be a monomer or an oligomer. Trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total content of the bifunctional (meth) acrylate and the trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is 20 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. Is preferably 150 to 150 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 120 parts by weight, still more preferably 40 to 100 parts by weight. If the total amount is less than 20 parts by weight, the cellular structure in the resin foam may be prevented from being deformed and contracted over time, and a high expansion ratio may not be maintained. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 150 parts by weight, the resin foam becomes hard and flexibility may be lowered.
- the ratio of the bifunctional (meth) acrylate and the trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of the balance between heat resistance and strain recovery at high temperature, “2 “Functional (meth) acrylate”: “Trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate” (weight basis), preferably 20:80 to 80:20, more preferably 30:70 to 70:30.
- the thermal cross-linking agent is not particularly limited.
- an isocyanate cross-linking agent an epoxy cross-linking agent, a melamine cross-linking agent, a peroxide cross-linking agent, a urea cross-linking agent, a metal alkoxide cross-linking agent, a metal
- examples include chelate-based crosslinking agents, metal salt-based crosslinking agents, carbodiimide-based crosslinking agents, oxazoline-based crosslinking agents, aziridine-based crosslinking agents, and amine-based crosslinking agents.
- the said crosslinking agent is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the above-mentioned thermal crosslinking agent is preferably an isocyanate crosslinking agent or an amine crosslinking agent from the viewpoint of improving the heat resistance of the resin foam.
- isocyanate crosslinking agent polyfunctional isocyanate compound
- examples of the isocyanate crosslinking agent include lower aliphatic polyisocyanates such as 1,2-ethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-butylene diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate; cyclopentylene diisocyanate Alicyclic polyisocyanates such as cyclohexylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylene diisocyanate; 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate And aromatic polyisocyanates such as xylylene diisocyanate.
- isocyanate-based crosslinking agent examples include trimethylolpropane / tolylene diisocyanate adduct [manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., trade name “Coronate L”], trimethylolpropane / hexamethylene diisocyanate adduct [Japan Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd. And commercial products such as Trimethylolpropane / xylylene diisocyanate adduct [manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, trade name “Takenate D110N”].
- amine-based crosslinking agent examples include hexamethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, hexamethylenediamine carbamate, N, N′-dicinenamiidene-1,6-hexanediamine, 4,4 '-Methylenebis (cyclohexylamine) carbamate, 4,4'-(2-chloroaniline) and the like.
- the content of the thermal crosslinking agent in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. 5 parts by weight. If the content of the thermal crosslinking agent is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the effect of including the thermal crosslinking agent in the resin foam may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the content of the thermal cross-linking agent exceeds 10 parts by weight, the cross-linking reaction occurs excessively, the resin foam becomes hard, and the flexibility may be lowered.
- the resin composition of the present invention preferably contains a radical trap agent.
- the radical trapping agent is a compound that can trap free radicals that cause a radical polymerization reaction.
- the processing stability during molding is improved. The reason for this is not clear, but is as follows.
- the reaction of the active energy ray-curable compound contained as an essential component may be accelerated depending on the molding conditions. This is presumed to be because when the molecular chain of the acrylic polymer is cleaved by mechanical or thermal action, the radical of the cleaved acrylic polymer promotes the curing of the active energy ray-curable compound. .
- the radical trapping agent is contained in the resin composition of the present invention, such molecular chain breakage can be suppressed. It can also trap radicals.
- the radical trapping agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an antioxidant and an antiaging agent.
- the said radical trap agent is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- antioxidants examples include phenolic antioxidants such as hindered phenolic antioxidants and amine antioxidants such as hindered amine antioxidants.
- hindered phenol antioxidant examples include pentaerythritol tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] (trade name “Irganox 1010”, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.
- hindered amine antioxidant examples include bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (methyl) (trade name “TINUVIN765”, manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.), bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) [[3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxyphenyl] methyl] butyl malonate (trade name “TINUVIN765”, BASF Japan Ltd.).
- Examples of the anti-aging agent include phenol-based anti-aging agents and amine-based anti-aging agents.
- examples of the phenol-based anti-aging agent include 2-tert-butyl-6- (3-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate (trade name “Sumilyzer GM”, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), 2- [1- (2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-pentylphenyl) ethyl] -4,6-di-tert-pentylphenyl acrylate (trade name “Sumilyzer GS (F) ", Manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- amine-based anti-aging agent examples include 4,4′-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine (trade name “NOCRACK CD” manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “Nauguard 445”. Crompton Corporation), N, N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (trade name “NOCRACK DP”, manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.), p- (p-toluenesulfonylamide) diphenylamine (trade name “NOCRACK TD”) “Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.)”.
- radical trapping agent phenolic antioxidants, phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants and amine antioxidants from the viewpoint of processing stability during molding and curability when irradiated with active energy rays.
- a radical trapping agent selected from the group consisting of agents.
- the above phenolic antioxidant is more preferably mentioned.
- the content of the radical trapping agent in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. 10 parts by weight. If the content of the radical trapping agent is less than 0.05 parts by weight, radicals generated during molding may not be sufficiently trapped. On the other hand, if the content of the radical trapping agent exceeds 10 parts by weight, problems such as poor foaming during foam molding of the resin composition and problems such as bleeding on the surface of the resin foam on which the radical trapping agent is produced May occur.
- the resin composition of the present invention preferably contains a photopolymerization initiator. This is because when a photopolymerization initiator is contained, it is easier to react a bifunctional (meth) acrylate and a trifunctional or higher functional (meth) acrylate to form a crosslinked structure.
- the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited.
- benzoin methyl ether benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin propyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1- Benzoin ether photopolymerization initiators such as ON and anisole methyl ether; 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 4-phenoxydichloroacetophenone, 4 Acetophenone photopolymerization initiators such as t-butyl-dichloroacetophenone; 2-methyl-2-hydroxypropiophenone, 1- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2 ⁇ -ketol photopolymerization initiators such as methylpropan-1-one; aromatic sulfonyl
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 parts per 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. ⁇ 4 parts by weight.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains powder particles. Since the powder particles exhibit a function as a foam nucleating agent at the time of foam molding, when the resin particles of the present invention contain powder particles, a resin foam in a good foamed state can be easily obtained.
- the powder particles are not particularly limited.
- powder talc, silica, alumina, zeolite, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, mica, montmorillonite Such as clay, carbon particles, glass fiber, carbon tube and the like can be used.
- the said powder particle is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the average particle size (particle size) of the powder particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m. When the average particle size of the powder particles is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, it may not function as a nucleating agent. On the other hand, when the average particle size of the powder particles exceeds 20 ⁇ m, it may cause gas loss during foam molding. is there.
- the content of the powder particles in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 150 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 120 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer. .
- the content of the powder particles is less than 5 parts by weight, it may be difficult to form a resin foam having a uniform cell structure.
- the content of the powder particles exceeds 150 parts by weight, the viscosity of the resin composition is remarkably increased, and gas escape may occur during foam molding, which may impair foaming characteristics.
- the resin composition of the present invention preferably contains a flame retardant. Since the resin foam of this invention contains resin, it has the characteristic of being easy to burn. Therefore, it is preferable to use a flame retardant when it is used for an application in which imparting flame retardancy is indispensable, such as an electric / electronic device application.
- the flame retardant is not particularly limited, but preferably includes an inorganic flame retardant such as powder particles having flame retardancy.
- the inorganic flame retardant examples include bromine flame retardant, chlorine flame retardant, phosphorus flame retardant, and antimony flame retardant.
- chlorinated flame retardants and brominated flame retardants may generate gas components that are harmful to the human body and corrosive to equipment during combustion.
- phosphorous flame retardants and antimony flame retardants Have problems such as toxicity and explosiveness. Therefore, the inorganic flame retardant is preferably a non-halogen / non-antimony inorganic flame retardant.
- the non-halogen-nonantimony inorganic flame retardant include aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, hydrated metal compounds such as magnesium oxide / nickel oxide hydrate, magnesium oxide / zinc oxide hydrate, and the like. It is done. The hydrated metal oxide may be surface-treated.
- the said flame retardant is used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content of the flame retardant in the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a highly foamed foam while obtaining a flame retardant effect, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acrylic polymer, 10 to 120 parts by weight are preferred.
- additives may be contained in the resin composition of the present invention as necessary.
- additives include crystal nucleating agents, plasticizers, lubricants, colorants (pigments, dyes, etc.), UV absorbers, fillers, reinforcing agents, antistatic agents, surfactants, tension modifiers, shrinkage.
- examples thereof include an inhibitor, a fluidity modifier, a vulcanizing agent, a surface treatment agent, and a crosslinking aid.
- the resin composition of the present invention comprises other components such as the acrylic polymer, bifunctional (meth) acrylate, trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate, the thermal crosslinking agent, and a radical trapping agent added as necessary. It is obtained by mixing and kneading. In addition, in mixing and kneading, it may be heated.
- the resin foams of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention are preferably formed from the resin composition of the present invention, and more preferably formed by foam molding of the resin composition of the present invention.
- the resin foams of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention are more preferably formed by foam molding the resin composition of the present invention and further irradiating with active energy rays. It is even more preferable that the composition is formed by foam molding, irradiation with active energy rays, and further heating. That is, the resin foam according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention is formed by a production method including a step of foaming and molding the resin composition of the present invention and then irradiating active energy rays to obtain a resin foam. It is preferable.
- the resin foams of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention are formed by foaming the resin composition of the present invention to form a foam structure, and then irradiating the foam structure with active energy rays. It is preferably obtained by forming a crosslinked structure with a functional (meth) acrylate and a tri- or higher functional (meth) acrylate.
- the resin foam according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention is formed by foaming the resin composition of the present invention to form a foam structure, and then irradiating the foam structure with active energy rays.
- a cross-linked structure with a functional (meth) acrylate and a tri- or higher-functional (meth) acrylate, and further by heating to form a cross-linked structure with a thermal cross-linking agent.
- the “foamed structure” means a foam obtained by foam-molding the resin composition of the present invention and means a foam before forming a crosslinked structure.
- the foaming agent used when foam-molding the resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably a gas at normal temperature and pressure and inert and impregnable to the resin composition of the present invention. Can be mentioned.
- a gas at normal temperature and pressure, which is inert and can be impregnated into the resin composition of the present invention may be referred to as “inert gas”.
- the inert gas includes noble gases (for example, helium, argon, etc.), carbon dioxide, nitrogen, air, and the like. Among these, carbon dioxide or nitrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of the amount of impregnation into the resin composition of the present invention and the impregnation speed.
- the inert gas may be a mixed gas.
- the resin composition of the present invention preferably contains the radical trapping agent.
- radicals may be generated by heat or mechanical shearing.
- radical polymerization reaction is not inhibited by oxygen, so radicals are generated.
- This generated radical may cause a specific curing reaction of an active energy ray-curable compound such as a bifunctional (meth) acrylate or a trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate.
- the inert gas is preferably in a high pressure state (particularly high pressure carbon dioxide gas or high pressure nitrogen gas), more preferably supercritical.
- a state particularly supercritical carbon dioxide gas or supercritical nitrogen gas
- the solubility of the gas in the polymer is increased, and a high concentration can be mixed.
- the pressure drops rapidly after impregnation it is possible to impregnate at a high concentration as described above. Therefore, the generation of bubble nuclei increases, and the density of the bubbles formed by the growth of the bubble nuclei is the porosity. Even if they are the same, they become large, so that fine bubbles can be obtained.
- Carbon dioxide has a critical temperature of 31 ° C. and a critical pressure of 7.4 MPa.
- an inert gas in a high pressure state may be referred to as a “high pressure gas”.
- the resin composition of the present invention is foam-molded, that is, when the foamed structure is formed by foam-molding the resin composition of the present invention, the resin composition of the present invention is suitably used in the form of a sheet or the like in advance.
- the unfoamed resin molded body After forming into a non-foamed resin molded body (unfoamed molded product), the unfoamed resin molded body is impregnated with the above-mentioned high-pressure or supercritical inert gas as a foaming agent, and pressure A batch method in which foaming is performed by releasing may be employed, and the resin composition of the present invention is kneaded with the above inert gas as a foaming agent under pressure, and simultaneously molded to release the pressure, You may employ
- the foamed structure is produced by foaming through the step of reducing the pressure after impregnating the resin composition of the present invention with the foaming agent.
- the foamed structure is formed by molding the resin composition of the present invention to form an unfoamed resin molded body, then impregnating the unfoamed resin molded body with a foaming agent, and then foaming the foamed structure through a step of reducing pressure. It may be produced, or it may be produced by impregnating a molten resin composition of the present invention with a foaming agent under a pressurized condition and then subjecting it to molding during decompression.
- an unfoamed resin molded body is produced from the resin composition of the present invention.
- the unfoamed resin molded body is, for example, a method of molding the resin composition of the present invention using an extruder such as a single screw extruder or a twin screw extruder, and the resin composition of the present invention with a roller, a cam, or a kneader.
- the unfoamed resin molded body is placed in a pressure-resistant container (high-pressure container), and the inert gas (particularly carbon dioxide or nitrogen) as a foaming agent is injected (introduced), and the unfoamed resin molding is performed under high pressure.
- the body is impregnated with gas (gas impregnation step), and when the gas is sufficiently impregnated, the pressure is released (usually up to atmospheric pressure), and bubble nuclei are generated in the unfoamed resin molded body (decompression step). ), Bubbles are formed in the unfoamed resin molded body.
- the shape of the unfoamed resin molded body is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a roll shape, a sheet shape, and a plate shape.
- the introduction of the gas as the foaming agent may be performed continuously or discontinuously.
- the heating method for growing the cell nuclei include known or conventional methods such as a water bath, an oil bath, a hot roll, a hot air oven, far infrared rays, near infrared rays, and microwaves.
- the unfoamed resin molded body to be subjected to foaming may be produced by a molding method other than extrusion molding, press molding, and injection molding.
- the continuous method will be described below.
- the inert gas particularly carbon dioxide or nitrogen
- a foaming agent is injected (introduced) into the extruder while kneading the resin composition of the present invention using an extruder.
- the gas is sufficiently impregnated under high pressure (kneading impregnation step).
- the kneaded product obtained by the kneading impregnation step is released through a die or the like provided at the tip of the extruder to release the pressure (usually up to atmospheric pressure).
- Grow molding decompression step
- the mixing amount of the inert gas in the gas impregnation step in the batch method or the kneading impregnation step in the continuous method is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a cell structure with a high expansion ratio, the total amount of the resin composition of the present invention ( 100% by weight) or 1 to 10% by weight, and more preferably 2 to 5% by weight, based on the total amount (100% by weight) of the unfoamed resin molded body of the resin composition of the present invention.
- the pressure during the impregnation of the inert gas in the batch-type gas impregnation step or the continuous-type kneading impregnation step is appropriately selected in consideration of the type of gas as the blowing agent, operability, and the like.
- the inert gas is carbon dioxide
- the pressure is preferably 6 MPa or more (for example, 6 to 100 MPa), more preferably 8 MPa or more (for example, 8 to 100 MPa).
- the pressure is lower than 6 MPa, the bubble growth at the time of foaming is remarkable, the bubble diameter becomes too large, and disadvantages such as, for example, a decrease in the dustproof effect are likely to occur, which is not preferable.
- the temperature at the time of impregnation with the inert gas in the batch-type gas impregnation step and the kneading impregnation step in the continuous method takes into consideration the gas as the blowing agent, operability, and the composition of the resin composition of the present invention.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains a thermal crosslinking agent as an essential component. If the temperature during the impregnation of the inert gas exceeds the reaction start temperature of the thermal crosslinking agent, a crosslinked structure by the thermal crosslinking agent is used. Is formed, and this cross-linked structure becomes a hindrance factor, and there is a possibility that a cell structure with a high expansion ratio cannot be obtained. For this reason, it is preferable that the temperature at the time of the impregnation of the inert gas is lower than the reaction start temperature of the thermal crosslinking agent.
- the temperature at the time of impregnation with the inert gas is, for example, 10 to 100 ° C.
- the temperature at which the unfoamed resin molded article is impregnated with the inert gas in the batch method is preferably 10 to 80 ° C, more preferably 40 to 60 ° C.
- the temperature at which the resin composition is impregnated with the inert gas is preferably 10 to 100 ° C., more preferably 10 to 80 ° C.
- the said inert gas is a carbon dioxide
- the temperature at the time of impregnation is 32 degreeC or more (especially 40 degreeC or more).
- the pressure reduction speed is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 300 MPa / second in order to obtain uniform fine bubbles.
- the temperature in the heating step is, for example, 40 to 250 ° C., preferably 60 to 250 ° C.
- a foam structure having a high expansion ratio can be obtained, so that a thick foam structure can be easily manufactured.
- This is advantageous when it is intended to increase the thickness of the resin foam according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention.
- the gap of the die attached to the tip of the extruder is made as narrow as possible (usually 0.1 to 1.0 mm).
- the resin composition extruded through a narrow gap must be foamed at a high magnification. Conventionally, a high foaming magnification cannot be obtained.
- the above method using the inert gas as the foaming agent can continuously obtain a foam structure (particularly a sheet-like foam structure) having a final thickness of 0.50 to 5.00 mm. Can do.
- the relative density of the foam structure is preferably 0.02 to 0.3, Preferably, it is 0.05 to 0.25.
- the relative density exceeds 0.3, foaming is insufficient, and when it is less than 0.02, the strength may be remarkably lowered.
- the shape and thickness of the foam structure are not particularly limited, but a sheet shape with a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm is preferable.
- the foamed structure may be processed into a desired shape and thickness before irradiation with active energy rays and heating for the purpose of forming a crosslinked structure.
- the type of the inert gas as the foaming agent, the thickness, density, relative density, etc. of the foamed structure are determined by the temperature, pressure, It is adjusted by appropriately selecting operating conditions such as time, operating conditions such as pressure reduction speed, temperature, pressure, etc. in the decompression process or molding decompression process, heating temperature in the heating process after decompression or after molding decompression.
- Formation of a crosslinked structure with bifunctional (meth) acrylate or trifunctional or higher (meth) acrylate is performed by irradiation with active energy rays.
- the active energy rays include ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, and neutron rays.
- ionizing radiation such as an electron beam and ultraviolet rays. From the viewpoint of workability, ultraviolet rays and electron beams are preferable.
- an electron beam is more preferable from the viewpoint of sufficiently forming a crosslinked structure. For example, when forming a crosslinked structure in a black foam structure, an electron beam is preferably used.
- the irradiation energy, irradiation time, irradiation method, and the like of the active energy ray are not particularly limited.
- the mode of irradiation of the active energy ray with respect to the foam structure is not particularly limited.
- the foam structure has a sheet-like shape and ultraviolet rays are used as the active energy ray
- the sheet-like foam structure has
- one surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays so as to be 750 mJ / cm 2
- the other surface is irradiated with ultraviolet rays so as to be 750 mJ / cm 2 .
- the foamed structure has a sheet-like shape and an electron beam is used as the active energy ray
- the sheet-like foamed structure may be irradiated with an electron beam so that the dose is 50 to 300 kGy. Can be mentioned.
- the formation of the crosslinked structure of the thermal crosslinking agent is carried out by heat treatment, but the heat treatment is not particularly limited. For example, it is 100 to 220 ° C. (preferably 110 to 180 ° C., more preferably 120 ° C. to 170 ° C.) for 10 minutes to 10 hours (preferably 30 minutes to 8 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 5 hours).
- a temperature atmosphere can be obtained by, for example, a known heating method (for example, a heating method using an electric heater, a heating method using an electromagnetic wave such as infrared rays, a heating method using a water bath, etc.).
- the resin foams according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention are preferably used for, for example, internal insulators such as electronic devices, cushioning materials, sound insulating materials, heat insulating materials, food packaging materials, clothing materials, and building materials.
- internal insulators such as electronic devices, cushioning materials, sound insulating materials, heat insulating materials, food packaging materials, clothing materials, and building materials.
- Example 1 Acrylic elastomer (acrylic acid: 5.67% by weight, weight average molecular weight [polystyrene equivalent (PS equivalent)): 2.17 million with 85 parts by weight of butyl acrylate, 15 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and 6 parts by weight of acrylic acid as constituent monomer components ) 100 parts by weight, bisphenol A-EO modified diacrylate (trade name “NK Ester A-BPE30”, ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate, manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (trade name) 45 parts by weight of “NK Ester TMPT” (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), 50 parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide as inorganic particles (trade name “EP1-A”, manufactured by Kamishima Chemical Co., Ltd.), as an elastomer cross-linking agent Hexamethylenediamine (trade name “diak NO.1” 2 parts by weight of
- the resin composition was put into a single screw extruder and kneaded at a temperature of 60 ° C., while carbon dioxide gas was 4% by weight with respect to the total amount of the resin composition (100% by weight).
- carbon dioxide gas was 4% by weight with respect to the total amount of the resin composition (100% by weight).
- the resin composition is extruded through a circular die provided at the tip of the single-screw extruder, so that the pressure is released to atmospheric pressure.
- a structure was obtained. The process of extruding the resin composition from the single-screw extruder to release the pressure to atmospheric pressure, simultaneously performing molding and foaming, and foaming corresponds to the molding decompression process.
- Electron beams (acceleration voltage 250 kV, dose 200 kGy) were irradiated on both surfaces of the sheet-like foamed structure obtained above to form a crosslinked structure. Further, after irradiation with an electron beam, it was left to stand in an atmosphere at 170 ° C. for 1 hour to perform a heat treatment to form a crosslinked structure. And the sheet-like resin foam was obtained.
- Example 2 The resin composition obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was charged into a single screw extruder, and carbon dioxide gas was simply added at a gas amount of 3.2% by weight with respect to the total amount of the resin composition (100% by weight). It was injected (introduced) into a shaft extruder, and molding and foaming were simultaneously performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a sheet-like foam structure. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the sheet-like foam structure was irradiated with an electron beam to form a crosslinked structure. Furthermore, it was left to stand in an atmosphere of 210 ° C. for 5 minutes, and was subjected to heat treatment to form a crosslinked structure. And the sheet-like resin foam was obtained.
- Example 3 The resin composition obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 was charged into a single screw extruder, and carbon dioxide gas was simply added at a gas amount of 3.3% by weight relative to the total amount of the resin composition (100% by weight). It was injected (introduced) into a shaft extruder, and molding and foaming were simultaneously performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a sheet-like foam structure. Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the sheet-like foam structure was irradiated with an electron beam to form a crosslinked structure. Furthermore, it was left to stand in an atmosphere of 210 ° C. for 5 minutes, and was subjected to heat treatment to form a crosslinked structure. And the sheet-like resin foam was obtained.
- Acrylic elastomer (acrylic acid: 5.67% by weight, weight average molecular weight [polystyrene equivalent (PS equivalent)): 2.17 million with 85 parts by weight of butyl acrylate, 15 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and 6 parts by weight of acrylic acid as constituent monomer components ) 100 parts by weight, polypropylene glycol diacrylate (trade name “Aronix M-270”, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (trade name “NK ester TMPT”, manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) ) 45 parts by weight, magnesium hydroxide as inorganic particles (trade name “EP1-A”, manufactured by Kamishima Chemical Co., Ltd.), 50 parts by weight, hexamethylenediamine (trade name “diak No.
- elastomer crosslinking agent 1 as an elastomer crosslinking agent, DuPont Co., Ltd.) 2 parts by weight, elastomer crosslinking aid 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine (trade name “Noxeller DT”, manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.) 2 parts by weight, carbon black (trade name “# 35”, manufactured by Asahi Carbon Co., Ltd.) 10
- 8 parts by weight of a bifunctional processing stabilizer (trade name “Sumilyzer GM”, a phenolic anti-aging agent) is added to a small 10 L pressure kneader (made by Toshin Co., Ltd.) equipped with two blades.
- a resin composition was obtained by kneading at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 40 minutes. Next, from the resin composition obtained above, the amount of gas was set to 4% by weight, and a sheet-like foamed structure was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. And it carried out similarly to Example 1, the crosslinked structure was formed, and the sheet-like resin foam was obtained.
- Thermoplastic elastomer composition (polypropylene (PP) and ethylene / propylene / 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene terpolymer (EPT) blend (TPO), including carbon black) 50 parts by weight, polypropylene 50 parts by weight , 10 parts by weight of the lubricant composition, and 50 parts by weight of magnesium hydroxide as a nucleating agent were put into a twin-screw kneader and kneaded sufficiently at a temperature of 200 ° C., then extruded into a strand and cooled with water. Then, it was cut into pellets and molded to obtain a resin composition.
- PP polypropylene
- EPT 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene terpolymer
- magnesium hydroxide as a nucleating agent
- the pellet-shaped resin composition was put into a single screw extruder, and carbon dioxide gas was injected into the single screw extruder at a pressure of 25 MPa while kneading the resin composition in an atmosphere at 220 ° C. After sufficiently saturating the carbon dioxide gas, the resin composition is extruded through a die provided at the tip of the single-screw extruder, thereby releasing the pressure to atmospheric pressure and simultaneously performing molding and foaming. To obtain a sheet-like resin foam.
- Comparative Example 2 A commercially available resin foam (sheet-like) based on polyurethane was used.
- the thickness (initial thickness) ( ⁇ m) of the resin foam was measured with a 1/100 dial gauge having a measurement terminal diameter of 20 mm.
- the resin foam was punched into a width of 20 mm and a length of 20 mm to obtain a test piece.
- the specific gravity of the test piece was measured using an electronic hydrometer (trade name “MD-200S”, manufactured by Alpha Mirage Co., Ltd.), and the density (g / cm 3 ) of the test piece was determined from the specific gravity value.
- the average cell diameter ( ⁇ m) of the resin foam was determined as follows. Using a digital microscope (trade name “VHX-600”, manufactured by Keyence Corporation), an image of the cell structure of the cross section of the resin foam is captured, and the area of all cells appearing on a fixed area (1 mm 2 ) of the cut surface Measurement was performed by converting the equivalent circle diameter and averaging the diameter by the number of cells. Note that image analysis software (trade name “WIN ROOF”, manufactured by Mitani Corporation) was used for image analysis.
- compression load at 50% compression (Compression load at 50% compression (50% compression load, compression hardness at 50% compression)) It calculated
- the resin foam was cut into a circular shape having a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 20 mm to obtain a test piece.
- the test piece was compressed to a thickness of 50% with respect to the thickness (initial thickness) in the thickness direction in an atmosphere of 23 ° C., and the compressed state was maintained for 20 seconds.
- the load value (N) 20 seconds after the release of compression is measured, the measured value is converted per unit area (1 cm 2 ), and the compression load at the time of 50% compression (N / cm 2 ) Asked.
- the compressive load at the time of 50% compression was determined for two test pieces: a test piece aged at 23 ° C. and a test piece left in an oven at 200 ° C. for 1 hour after aging.
- “Before heating” of “Compression load at 50% compression” in Table 1 “Compression load at 50% compression of a test piece aged at 23 ° C.” is shown, and “Compression load at 50% compression” is shown.
- “After heating” column of “” shows the "compressive load at the time of 50% compression of a test piece left in an oven at 200 ° C for 1 hour after aging”.
- the resin foam was cut into a square having a thickness of 1 mm and a side length of 25 mm to obtain a sheet-like test piece.
- the thickness recovery rate (23 ° C., 1 minute, 50% compression) was measured at 23 ° C. using the above-mentioned test piece using an electromagnetic force micro tester (Micro Servo) (“MMT-250”, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). In the atmosphere, the film was compressed in the thickness direction to 50% of the thickness (initial thickness) and maintained in a compressed state at 23 ° C. for 1 minute.
- Thickness recovery behavior thickness change, thickness recovery
- the thickness recovery rate 23 degreeC, 1 minute, 50% compression
- strain recovery rate 80 ° C, 24 hours, 50% compression
- the resin foam was cut into a square having a thickness of 1 mm and a side length of 25 mm to obtain a sheet-like test piece.
- the test piece was compressed to a thickness of 50% using a spacer, and stored in that state at 80 ° C. for 24 hours. After 24 hours, while maintaining the compressed state, the temperature was returned to 23 ° C. to release the compressed state. After 24 hours from the release, the thickness of the test piece was accurately measured. And the ratio of the distance recovered
- required, and it was set as the strain recovery rate (80 degreeC, 24 hours, 50% compression) (%). Strain recovery rate (80 ° C., 24 hours, 50% compression) (%) (c ⁇ b) / (ab) ⁇ 100 a: Test piece thickness b: Half the test piece thickness c: Test piece thickness after release of compression
- the resin foam was cut into a square having a thickness of 1 mm and a side having a length of 20 mm to obtain a sheet-like test piece.
- the test piece was compressed to a thickness of 50% with respect to the thickness (initial thickness) in the thickness direction in an atmosphere of 23 ° C., and the compressed state was maintained for 5 minutes.
- a test piece obtained by releasing the compressed state was designated as test piece A.
- the impact absorption rate of the test piece A was calculated
- the test piece was compressed to a thickness of 50% with respect to the thickness (initial thickness) in the thickness direction in an atmosphere of 180 ° C., and the compressed state was maintained for 5 minutes.
- test piece B A test piece obtained by releasing the compressed state was designated as test piece B. And the impact absorption rate of the test piece B was calculated
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a pendulum tester with a test piece inserted therein.
- 1 is a pendulum tester
- 11 is a load cell
- 12 is a test piece
- 13 is an acrylic plate
- 14 is an iron ball
- 15 is a pressing pressure adjusting means
- 16 is A support plate
- 17 is a support
- 18 is a support bar.
- the load cell 11 includes a pressure sensor that senses an impact force when the iron ball 14 collides, and can measure a specific numerical value of the impact force.
- the test piece 12 is inserted at a position on the load cell between the acrylic plate 13 and the support plate 16. Further, the compression rate of the test piece 12 is adjusted by the pressing pressure adjusting means 15.
- the iron ball 14 is an impactor and has a diameter of 19.5 mm and a weight of 40 g (0.39 N). Further, the iron ball 14 is temporarily fixed in a state where it is swung up to a drop angle (swing angle) of 40 °, and then shaken off.
- Total light transmittance From the resin foam, a sheet-like test piece having a side length of 30 mm and a thickness of 0.6 mm was obtained. The total light transmittance was measured with a haze meter (trade name “HM-150”, Murakami Color Research Laboratory) in accordance with JIS K7361.
- a sheet-like test piece having a thickness of 1 mm was obtained from the resin foam. This test piece is placed on a backlight (light source: LED or fluorescent lamp) so as to be in close contact with the light irradiation surface, irradiated with light, and observed for the presence or absence of a pinhole from the light transmitted through the sheet, and there is a pinhole. In some cases, pinhole size was measured. And it evaluated by the following reference
- FIG. 3 is a simple schematic cross-sectional view of an evaluation container for dynamic dustproof evaluation assembled with an evaluation sample.
- 2 is an evaluation container in which an evaluation sample is assembled (package in which the evaluation sample is assembled), 22 is an evaluation sample (resin foam punched into a frame shape), and 24 is a base plate , 25 is a powder supply unit, 27 is a foam compression plate, and 29 is the inside of the evaluation container (inside the package).
- the powder supply unit 25 and the evaluation container interior 29 are separated from the evaluation sample 22, and the powder supply unit 25 and the evaluation container interior 29 are closed. Yes.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a tumbler on which an evaluation container is placed.
- 3 is a tumbler
- 2 is an evaluation container in which an evaluation sample is assembled.
- the direction a is the rotation direction of the tumbler.
- the resin foam was punched into a frame shape (window frame shape) (width: 2 mm) shown in FIG.
- this evaluation sample was attached to an evaluation container (an evaluation container for dynamic dustproof evaluation, see FIGS. 3 and 5).
- the compression rate of the evaluation sample at the time of mounting was 50% (compression was performed so as to be 50% with respect to the initial thickness).
- the sample for evaluation is provided between the foam compression plate and the black acrylic plate on the aluminum plate fixed to the base plate.
- the evaluation container equipped with the evaluation sample is a system in which a certain region inside is closed by the evaluation sample. As shown in FIG.
- a still image is created for the black acrylic plate on the aluminum plate side and the black acrylic plate on the cover plate side, and binarization processing is performed using image analysis software (software name “Win ROOF”, manufactured by Mitani Corp.).
- the total area was measured.
- the total particle area was divided by the particle area (area per particle) to calculate the number of particles.
- the observation was performed in a clean bench to reduce the influence of airborne dust.
- the total number of particles which is the number of particles attached to the black acrylic plate on the aluminum plate side and the number of particles attached to the black acrylic plate on the cover plate side, is 500,000 or less, is good. And the case where it exceeded 500,000 pieces was determined to be defective.
- FIG. 5 shows a top view and an end view of a cut portion of an evaluation container (an evaluation container for dynamic dustproof evaluation) assembled with an evaluation sample.
- (A) of FIG. 5 shows the top view of the evaluation container for dynamic dustproof evaluation which assembled
- FIG. 5B is an end view taken along the line A-A ′ of the evaluation container in which the evaluation sample is assembled.
- the evaluation container can evaluate the dynamic dust resistance (dust resistance at the time of impact) of the evaluation sample by dropping the evaluation sample after assembling.
- 2 is an evaluation container in which an evaluation sample is assembled
- 211 is a black acrylic plate (black acrylic plate on the cover plate side)
- 212 is a black acrylic plate (black acrylic plate on the aluminum plate side).
- , 22 is an evaluation sample (frame-shaped resin foam), 23 is an aluminum plate, 24 is a base plate, 25 is a powder supply unit, 26 is a screw, and 27 is a foam compression plate. , 28 is a pin, 29 is inside the evaluation container, and 30 is an aluminum spacer.
- the compression rate of the evaluation sample 22 can be controlled by adjusting the thickness of the aluminum spacer 30.
- the resin foam of the present invention is useful for, for example, internal insulators such as electronic devices, cushioning materials, sound insulating materials, heat insulating materials, food packaging materials, clothing materials, and building materials.
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Abstract
Description
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、高温下でも衝撃吸収性に優れる樹脂発泡体を提供することにある。
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、耐熱性に優れる樹脂発泡体を提供することにある。
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、耐熱性及び柔軟性に優れ、さらに遮光性に優れる樹脂発泡体を提供することにある。
さらに、樹脂発泡体において、衝撃吸収率の変化量を特定の値以下とすると、高温下でも衝撃吸収性に優れる樹脂発泡体が得られることを見出した。
さらに、樹脂発泡体において、200℃の雰囲気下で1時間放置した後の寸法変化率を特定の値以下とし、200℃の雰囲気下で1時間放置した後の重量変化率を特定の値以下とすると、耐熱性に優れる樹脂発泡体が得られることを見出した。
さらに、樹脂発泡体において、全光線透過率を特定の値以下とし、密度を特定の範囲内とし、ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮)を特定の値以上とすると、耐熱性及び柔軟性に優れ、さらに遮光性に優れる樹脂発泡体が得られることを見出した。
本発明はこれらの知見に基づいて完成されたものである。
厚み回復率(23℃、1分間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、23℃で1分間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、初期厚みに対する圧縮状態解除1秒後の厚みの割合
ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、80℃で24時間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を維持しつつ23℃に戻し、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、圧縮した距離に対する回復した距離の割合
なお、該樹脂発泡体を、「第一の態様の樹脂発泡体」と総称する場合がある。
衝撃吸収率(%)=(F0-F1)/F0×100
F0:支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
F1:樹脂発泡体を厚み1mmのシート状の試験片とし、該試験片を、支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体の支持板とアクリル板との間に挿入してから、積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
衝撃吸収率の変化量:23℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)と、180℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)との差の絶対値
衝撃吸収率(%)=(F0-F1)/F0×100
F0:支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
F1:樹脂発泡体を厚み1mmのシート状の試験片とし、該試験片を、支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体の支持板とアクリル板との間に挿入してから、積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
衝撃吸収率の変化量:23℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)と、180℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)との差の絶対値
なお、該樹脂発泡体を、「第二の態様の樹脂発泡体」と総称する場合がある。
寸法変化率:樹脂発泡体を幅100mm、長さ100mm、厚み0.5~2mmのシート状の試験片とし、該試験片における、幅方向の寸法変化率、長さ方向の寸法変化率及び厚み方向の寸法変化率のうち、最も変化率の値が大きい方向の寸法変化率
なお、該樹脂発泡体を、「第三の態様の樹脂発泡体」と総称する場合がある。
ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、80℃で24時間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を維持しつつ23℃に戻し、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、圧縮した距離に対する回復した距離の割合
なお、該樹脂発泡体を、「第四の態様の樹脂発泡体」と総称する場合がある。
さらに、本発明の第二の態様の樹脂発泡体は、衝撃吸収率の変化量が特定の値以下であるので、高温下でも衝撃吸収性に優れる。
さらに、本発明の第三の態様の樹脂発泡体は、200℃の雰囲気下で1時間放置した後の寸法変化率が特定の値以下であり、200℃の雰囲気下で1時間放置した後の重量変化率が特定の値以下であるので、耐熱性に優れる。
さらに、本発明の第四の態様の樹脂発泡体は、全光線透過率が特定の値以下であり、密度が特定の範囲内であり、ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮)が特定の値以上であるので、耐熱性及び柔軟性に優れ、さらに遮光性に優れる。
厚み回復率(23℃、1分間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、23℃で1分間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、初期厚みに対する圧縮状態解除1秒後の厚みの割合
ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、80℃で24時間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を維持しつつ23℃に戻し、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、圧縮した距離に対する回復した距離の割合
衝撃吸収率(%)=(F0-F1)/F0×100
F0:支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
F1:樹脂発泡体を厚み1mmのシート状の試験片とし、該試験片を、支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体の支持板とアクリル板との間に挿入してから、積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
衝撃吸収率の変化量:23℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)と、180℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)との差の絶対値
寸法変化率(%)=(L0-L1)/L0×100
L0:初期の試験片の寸法(ブランク数値)
L1:200℃で1時間放置した後の試験片の寸法
重量変化率(%)=(W0-W1)/W0×100
W0:初期の試験片の重量(ブランク数値)
W1:200℃で1時間放置した後の試験片の重量
上記バッチ方式では、まず、本発明の樹脂組成物から未発泡樹脂成形体が作製される。上記未発泡樹脂成形体は、例えば、本発明の樹脂組成物を、単軸押出機、二軸押出機等の押出機を用いて成形する方法、本発明の樹脂組成物をローラ、カム、ニーダ、バンバリ型等の羽根を設けた混錬機を使用して均一に混錬しておき、熱板プレスなどを用いて所定の厚みにプレス成形する方法、本発明の樹脂組成物を、射出成形機を用いて成形する方法などにより作製される。
次に、上記未発泡樹脂成形体を耐圧容器(高圧容器)に入れて、発泡剤としての上記不活性ガス(特に二酸化炭素や窒素)を注入(導入)し、高圧下で、未発泡樹脂成形体中にガスを含浸させ(ガス含浸工程)、十分にガスを含浸させた時点で圧力を解放し(通常、大気圧まで)、未発泡樹脂成形体中に気泡核を発生させて(減圧工程)、未発泡樹脂成形体中に気泡を形成させる。なお、必要に応じて、加熱することによって気泡核を成長させる加熱工程を設けてもよい。
そして、上記のようにして気泡を成長させた後、冷却し、形状を固定化することにより、発泡構造体が作製される。なお、冷却は、必要により、冷水などにより急激に行ってもよい。
なお、未発泡樹脂成形体の形状は、特に限定されず、例えば、ロール状、シート状、板状などが挙げられる。発泡剤としてのガスの導入は、連続的に行ってもよく、不連続的に行ってもよい。気泡核を成長させる際の加熱の方法としては、ウォーターバス、オイルバス、熱ロール、熱風オーブン、遠赤外線、近赤外線、マイクロ波などの公知乃至慣用の方法があげられる。発泡に供する未発泡樹脂成形体は、押出成形、プレス成形、射出成形以外の他の成形方法により作製されてもよい。
上記連続方式では、まず、押出機を使用して、本発明の樹脂組成物を混錬しながら、押出機に発泡剤としての上記不活性ガス(特に二酸化炭素や窒素)を注入(導入)し、高圧下で、十分にガスを含浸させる(混錬含浸工程)。
次に、上記混練含浸工程により得られた混練物を、押出機の先端に設けられたダイスなどを通して押し出すことにより圧力を解放し(通常、大気圧まで)、成形と発泡を同時に行い、気泡を成長させる(成形減圧工程)。なお、必要に応じて、加熱することによって気泡核を成長させる加熱工程を設けてもよい。
そして、上記のようにして気泡を成長させた後、冷却し、形状を固定化することにより、発泡構造体が作製される。なお、冷却は、必要により、冷水などにより急激に行ってもよい。
なお、発泡剤としてのガスの導入は、連続的に行ってもよく、不連続的に行ってもよい。また、気泡核を成長させる際の加熱には、上記バッチ方式と同様の方法が用いられる。
アクリル酸ブチル85重量部、アクリロニトリル15重量部及びアクリル酸6重量部を構成モノマー成分とするアクリル系エラストマー(アクリル酸:5.67重量%、重量平均分子量[ポリスチレン換算(PS換算)]:217万)100重量部、ビスフェノールA-EO変性ジアクリレート(商品名「NKエステル A-BPE30」、エトキシ化ビスフェノールAジアクリレート、新中村化学工業株式会社製)30重量部、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(商品名「NKエステル TMPT」、新中村化学工業株式会社製)45重量部、無機粒子としての水酸化マグネシウム(商品名「EP1-A」、神島化学工業株式会社製)50重量部、エラストマー架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレンジアミン(商品名「diak NO.1」、デュポン株式会社製)2重量部、エラストマー架橋助剤としての1,3-ジ-o-トリルグアニジン(商品名「ノクセラー DT」、大内新興化学工業株式会社製)2重量部、カーボンブラック(商品名「♯35」、旭カーボン株式会社製)10重量部、さらに、2官能型加工安定剤(商品名「スミライザーGM」、フェノール系老化防止剤)8重量を、2枚羽根を設けた小型10L加圧式ニーダー(株式会社トーシン製)に投入し、80℃の温度で40分間混練することにより、樹脂組成物を得た。
次に、単軸押出機の先端に設けられた円形ダイスを通して、樹脂組成物を押し出すことにより、圧力を大気圧下まで解放して、成形と発泡を同時に行い、発泡させて、シート状の発泡構造体を得た。
なお、上記の単軸押出機から樹脂組成物を押し出すことにより、圧力を大気圧下まで解放して、成形と発泡を同時に行い、発泡させる工程は、成形減圧工程に該当する。
そして、シート状の樹脂発泡体を得た。
実施例1と同様して得られた樹脂組成物を単軸押出機に投入し、二酸化炭素ガスを上記樹脂組成物全量(100重量%)に対して3.2重量%となるガス量で単軸押出機に注入(導入)し、実施例1と同様に成形と発泡を同時に行って、シート状の発泡構造体を得た。
次に、シート状の発泡構造体に、実施例1と同様に、電子線照射して、架橋構造を形成させた。さらに、210℃雰囲気下で5分間放置して加熱処理を行い、架橋構造を形成させた。
そして、シート状の樹脂発泡体を得た。
実施例1と同様して得られた樹脂組成物を単軸押出機に投入し、二酸化炭素ガスを上記樹脂組成物全量(100重量%)に対して3.3重量%となるガス量で単軸押出機に注入(導入)し、実施例1と同様に成形と発泡を同時に行って、シート状の発泡構造体を得た。
次に、シート状の発泡構造体に、実施例1と同様に、電子線照射して、架橋構造を形成させた。さらに、210℃雰囲気下で5分間放置して加熱処理を行い、架橋構造を形成させた。
そして、シート状の樹脂発泡体を得た。
アクリル酸ブチル85重量部、アクリロニトリル15重量部及びアクリル酸6重量部を構成モノマー成分とするアクリル系エラストマー(アクリル酸:5.67重量%、重量平均分子量[ポリスチレン換算(PS換算)]:217万)100重量部、ポリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート(商品名「アロニックス M-270」、東亞合成株式会社製)30重量部、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(商品名「NKエステル TMPT」、新中村化学工業株式会社製)45重量部、無機粒子としての水酸化マグネシウム(商品名「EP1-A」、神島化学工業株式会社製)50重量部、エラストマー架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレンジアミン(商品名「diak NO.1」、デュポン株式会社製)2重量部、エラストマー架橋助剤としての1,3-ジ-o-トリルグアニジン(商品名「ノクセラー DT」、大内新興化学工業株式会社製)2重量部、カーボンブラック(商品名「♯35」、旭カーボン株式会社製)10重量部、さらに、2官能型加工安定剤(商品名「スミライザーGM」、フェノール系老化防止剤)8重量を、2枚羽根を設けた小型10L加圧式ニーダー(株式会社トーシン製)に投入し、80℃の温度で40分間混練することにより、樹脂組成物を得た。
次に、上記で得られた樹脂組成物より、ガス量を4重量%とし、実施例1と同様にして、シート状の発泡構造体を得た。
そして、実施例1と同様にして、架橋構造を形成させて、シート状の樹脂発泡体を得た。
熱可塑性エラストマー組成物(ポリプロピレン(PP)とエチレン/プロピレン/5-エチリデン-2-ノルボルネン三元共重合体(EPT)とのブレンド物(TPO)、カーボンブラックを含む)50重量部、ポリプロピレン50重量部、滑剤組成物10重量部、さらに、造核剤としての水酸化マグネシウム50重量部を、二軸混練機に投入し、200℃の温度で十分に混練した後、ストランド状に押出し、水冷して、ペレット状に切断し成形して、樹脂組成物を得た。
市販の、ポリウレタンを主成分とする樹脂発泡体(シート状)を使用した。
アクリル酸ブチル85重量部、アクリロニトリル15重量部及びアクリル酸6重量部を構成モノマー成分とするアクリル系エラストマー(アクリル酸:5.67重量%、重量平均分子量[ポリスチレン換算(PS換算)]:217万)100重量部、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート(商品名「NKエステル TMPT」、新中村化学工業株式会社製)75重量部、無機粒子としての水酸化マグネシウム(商品名「EP1-A」、神島化学工業株式会社製)50重量部、エラストマー架橋剤としてのヘキサメチレンジアミン(商品名「diak NO.1」、デュポン株式会社製)2重量部、エラストマー架橋助剤としての1,3-ジ-o-トリルグアニジン(商品名「ノクセラー DT」、大内新興化学工業株式会社製)2重量部、カーボンブラック(商品名「♯35」、旭カーボン株式会社製)10重量部、さらに、2官能型加工安定剤(商品名「スミライザーGM」、フェノール系老化防止剤)8重量を、2枚羽根を設けた小型10L加圧式ニーダー(株式会社トーシン製)に投入し、80℃の温度で40分間混練することにより、樹脂組成物を得た。
そして、上記で得られた樹脂組成物より、実施例1と同様にして、シート状の樹脂発泡体を得た。
実施例及び比較例の樹脂発泡体について、下記を測定又は評価した。その結果を表1及び表2に示した。
樹脂発泡体の厚み(初期厚み)(μm)は、測定端子の直径が20mmである1/100ダイヤルゲージにより測定した。
樹脂発泡体を幅20mm、長さ20mmに打ち抜き、試験片とした。電子比重計(商品名「MD-200S」、アルファーミラージュ株式会社製)を用いて試験片の比重を測定し、その比重の値から試験片の密度(g/cm3)を求めた。
樹脂発泡体の平均セル径(μm)は、以下のようにして求めた。
デジタルマイクロスコープ(商品名「VHX-600」、キーエンス株式会社製)により、樹脂発泡体断面の気泡構造部の画像を取り込み、切断面の一定面積(1mm2)に表れた全てのセルの面積を測定し、円相当径換算して、その直径をセル数で平均化することにより求めた。
なお、画像解析には、画像解析ソフト(商品名「WIN ROOF」、三谷商事株式会社製)を用いた。
JIS K 6767に記載されている圧縮硬さ測定法に準じて測定することにより、求めた。
樹脂発泡体を、厚み1mm、直径20mmの円形状に切り出して、試験片を得た。
次に、該試験片を、23℃の雰囲気下、厚み方向に、厚み(初期厚み)に対して50%の厚みまで圧縮し、圧縮状態を20秒間維持した。そして、圧縮を解除してから20秒後の荷重値(N)を測定し、その測定値を単位面積(1cm2)当たりに換算して、50%圧縮時の圧縮荷重(N/cm2)を求めた。
樹脂発泡体を、厚み1mm、1辺の長さが25mmの正方形に切断し、シート状の試験片とした。
厚み回復率(23℃、1分間、50%圧縮)は、上記試験片を電磁力式微小試験機(マイクロサーボ)(「MMT-250)」、島津製作所社製)を用いて、23℃の雰囲気下、厚み方向に、厚み(初期厚み)に対して50%の厚みまで圧縮し、23℃で1分間圧縮状態を維持した。圧縮解除後、厚みの回復挙動(厚み変化、厚み回復)を、高速度カメラ(ハイスピードカメラ)により撮影し、撮影した映像から圧縮状態解除1秒後の厚みを求めた。そして、下記式から厚み回復率(23℃、1分間、50%圧縮)(%)を求めた。
厚み回復率(23℃、1分間、50%圧縮)=(圧縮状態解除1秒後の厚み)/(初期厚み)×100
樹脂発泡体を、厚み1mm、1辺の長さが25mmの正方形に切断し、シート状の試験片とした。
スペーサーを用いて、試験片を50%の厚みになるように圧縮し、その状態で、80℃で24時間保存した。24時間後、圧縮状態を維持しつつ23℃に戻し、圧縮状態を解放した。解放してから24時間後に試験片の厚みを正確に測りとった。そして、下記式より、圧縮した距離に対する回復した距離の比率をもとめ、ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮)(%)とした。
ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮)(%) =(c-b)/(a-b)×100
a:試験片の厚み
b:試験片の厚みの半分の厚み
c:圧縮状態解放後の試験片の厚み
樹脂発泡体を、厚み1mm、1辺の長さが20mmの正方形に切断し、シート状の試験片とした。
上記試験片を、23℃雰囲気下、厚み方向に、厚み(初期厚み)に対して50%の厚みまで圧縮し、5分間圧縮状態を維持した。そして、圧縮状態を解除して得られた試験片を試験片Aとした。そして、下記の衝撃吸収率の測定方法より、試験片Aの衝撃吸収率を求めた。
次に、上記試験片を、180℃雰囲気下、厚み方向に、厚み(初期厚み)に対して50%の厚みまで圧縮し、5分間圧縮状態を維持した。そして、圧縮状態を解除して得られた試験片を試験片Bとした。そして、下記の衝撃吸収率の測定方法より、試験片Bの衝撃吸収率を求めた。
そして、試験片Aの衝撃吸収率と試験片Bの衝撃吸収率との差の絶対値を、衝撃吸収率の変化量とした。
衝撃吸収率(%)=(F0-F1)/F0×100
樹脂発泡体を、1辺の長さがおよそ100mmの正方形に切断し、シート状の試験片とした。そして、デジタルノギスを用いて、長さ方向(MD方向)の寸法、幅方向(CD方向)の寸法、厚み方向の寸法を測りとった。
次に、試験片を、200℃のオーブン中に1時間放置した。そして、1時間後をオーブンから試験片を取り出して、上記と同様に、長さ方向の寸法、幅方向の寸法、厚み方向の寸法を測りとった。
そして、長さ方向の寸法、幅方向の寸法、厚み方向の寸法のそれぞれの寸法変化率を下記式より算出した。
寸法変化率(%)=(L0-L1)/L0×100
L0:初期の試験片の寸法(ブランク数値)
L1:200℃で1時間放置した後の試験片の寸法
樹脂発泡体を、厚み1mm、1辺の長さが100mmの正方形に切断し、シート状の試験片とした。そして、電子天秤を用いて、重量を測定した。
次に、試験片を、200℃のオーブン中に1時間放置した。そして、1時間後をオーブンから試験片を取り出して、上記と同様に、電子天秤を用いて、重量を測定した。
そして、重量変化率を下記式より算出した。
重量変化率(%)=(W0-W1)/W0×100
W0:初期の試験片の重量(ブランク数値)
W1:200℃で1時間放置した後の試験片の重量
樹脂発泡体より、1辺の長さが30mmの正方形であり、厚みが0.6mmのシート状の試験片を得た。
JIS K7361に準じて、ヘイズメーター(商品名「HM-150」、村上色彩技術研究所)により、全光線透過率を測定した。
樹脂発泡体より、厚みが1mmのシート状の試験片を得た。
この試験片をバックライト(光源:LEDあるいは蛍光灯)に光の照射面に密着するように置き、光を照射して、シートを透過する光からピンホールの有無を観察し、ピンホールがある場合にはピンホールの大きさを測定した。
そして、下記基準により評価した。
良好(○):ピンホールがない場合、ピンホールが存在しても大きさが1mm以上のピンホールが存在しない場合
不良(×):大きさが1mm以上のピンホールが存在する場合
樹脂発泡体より、厚みが1mmのシート状の試験片を得た。
簡易型分光色差計(装置名「NF333」、日本電色工業社製)を用いて測定した。
樹脂発泡体を額縁状に打ち抜き評価用サンプル(図2参照)とした後、図3及び図5に示すように評価容器(後述の動的防塵性評価用の評価容器、図3及び図5参照)に組み付けた。次に、評価容器中の評価サンプルの外側の部分(粉末供給部)に粒子状物質を供給して、粒子状物質を供給した評価用容器をタンブラー(回転槽)に置いた後、タンブラーを反時計回りに回転させて、繰り返し評価容器に衝撃を負荷した。
樹脂発泡体を図1に示す額縁状(窓枠状)(幅:2mm)に打ち抜き、評価用サンプルとした。
この評価用サンプルを、図3及び図5に示すように、評価容器(動的防塵性評価用の評価容器、図3及び図5参照)に装着した。なお、装着時の評価サンプルの圧縮率は50%(初期厚みに対して50%となるように圧縮)であった。
図5に示すように、評価用サンプルは、フォーム圧縮板と、ベース板に固定されたアルミニウム板上の黒色アクリル板との間に設けられている。評価用サンプルを装着した評価容器では、評価用サンプルにより、内部の一定領域が閉じられた系となっている。
図5に示すように、評価用サンプルを評価容器に装着後、粉末供給部に粉塵としてのコンスターチ(粒径:17μm)を0.1g入れて、評価容器をダンブラー(回転槽、ドラム式落下試験器)に入れ、1rpmの速度で回転させた。
そして、100回の衝突回数(繰り返し衝撃)が得られるように、所定回数を回転させた後、パッケージを分解した。粉末供給部から、評価用サンプルを通過して、アルミニウム板上の黒色アクリル板及びカバー板としての黒色アクリル板に付着した粒子を、デジタルマイクロスコープ(装置名「VHX-600」、キーエンス株式会社製)で観察した。アルミニウム板側の黒色アクリル板及びカバー板側の黒色アクリル板について静止画像を作成し、画像解析ソフト(ソフト名「Win ROOF」、三谷商事株式会社製)を用いて2値化処理を行い、粒子総面積を計測した。そして、粒子総面積を粒子面積(粒子1個あたりの面積)で除して、粒子の個数を算出した。なお、観察は、空気中の浮遊粉塵の影響を少なくするためクリーンベンチ内で行った。
12 試験片
13 アクリル板
14 鉄球
15 押さえ圧力調整手段
16 支持板
17 支柱
18 支持棒
3 タンブラー
2 評価用サンプルを組み付けた評価容器
211 黒色アクリル板
212 黒色アクリル板
22 評価用サンプル
23 アルミニウム板
24 ベース板
25 粉末供給部
26 ネジ
27 フォーム圧縮板
28 ピン
29 評価容器内部
30 アルミスペーサー
Claims (7)
- 下記で定義される厚み回復率(23℃、1分間、50%圧縮)が70%以上であり、下記で定義されるひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮)が80%以上であることを特徴とする樹脂発泡体。
厚み回復率(23℃、1分間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、23℃で1分間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、初期厚みに対する圧縮状態解除1秒後の厚みの割合
ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、80℃で24時間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を維持しつつ23℃に戻し、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、圧縮した距離に対する回復した距離の割合 - 厚みが0.1~5mmであり、平均セル径が10~200μmである請求項1記載の樹脂発泡体。
- 下記で定義される衝撃吸収率の変化量が5%以下である請求項1又は2記載の樹脂発泡体。
衝撃吸収率(%)=(F0-F1)/F0×100
F0:支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
F1:樹脂発泡体を厚み1mmのシート状の試験片とし、該試験片を、支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体の支持板とアクリル板との間に挿入してから、積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
衝撃吸収率の変化量:23℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)と、180℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)との差の絶対値 - 下記で定義される衝撃吸収率の変化量が5%以下であることを特徴とする樹脂発泡体。
衝撃吸収率(%)=(F0-F1)/F0×100
F0:支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
F1:樹脂発泡体を厚み1mmのシート状の試験片とし、該試験片を、支持板及びアクリル板から構成される積層体の支持板とアクリル板との間に挿入してから、積層体のアクリル板側に鋼球を衝突させたときの支持板の受ける衝撃力
衝撃吸収率の変化量:23℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)と、180℃で5分間初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮してから圧縮状態を解除した樹脂発泡体により求められる衝撃吸収率(%)との差の絶対値 - 200℃の雰囲気下で1時間放置した後の、下記で定義される寸法変化率が30%以下であり、200℃の雰囲気下で1時間放置した後の重量変化率が15重量%以下であることを特徴とする樹脂発泡体。
寸法変化率:樹脂発泡体を幅100mm、長さ100mm、厚み0.5~2mmのシート状の試験片とし、該試験片における、幅方向の寸法変化率、長さ方向の寸法変化率及び厚み方向の寸法変化率のうち、最も変化率の値が大きい方向の寸法変化率 - 全光線透過率が10%以下である請求項1~5の何れかの1項に記載の樹脂発泡体。
- 全光線透過率が10%以下であり、密度が0.01~0.8g/cm3であり、下記で定義されるひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮)が80%以上であることを特徴とする樹脂発泡体。
ひずみ回復率(80℃、24時間、50%圧縮):23℃で初期厚みの50%だけ圧縮し、80℃で24時間圧縮状態を維持してから、圧縮状態を維持しつつ23℃に戻し、圧縮状態を解除した後に求められる、圧縮した距離に対する回復した距離の割合
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