WO2013015422A1 - 培養装置 - Google Patents
培養装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013015422A1 WO2013015422A1 PCT/JP2012/069224 JP2012069224W WO2013015422A1 WO 2013015422 A1 WO2013015422 A1 WO 2013015422A1 JP 2012069224 W JP2012069224 W JP 2012069224W WO 2013015422 A1 WO2013015422 A1 WO 2013015422A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/02—Form or structure of the vessel
- C12M23/18—Open ponds; Greenhouse type or underground installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/48—Holding appliances; Racks; Supports
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a culture apparatus for culturing algae and the like.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-163868 for which it applied to Japan on July 27, 2011, and uses the content here.
- algae that can produce biofuels (hydrocarbons and biodiesel) and physiologically active substances such as astaxanthin have attracted attention. It has been studied to culture such algae in a large amount and use the product as an energy to replace petroleum, or to use it for medicines, cosmetics, foods and the like.
- Examples of the culture apparatus for mass culture of algae and the like include a culture apparatus (open system reactor) in which the surface of the culture solution is opened to the atmosphere, for example, a raceway type or open pond type culture apparatus (culture pond) (for example, Non-patent document 1).
- Plants such as algae grow and produce products such as hydrocarbons by photosynthesis using carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a carbon source under light irradiation conditions. Therefore, in order to improve the production efficiency of products such as biofuels and physiologically active substances, it is necessary to allow light to reach the inside of the culture pond and supply carbon dioxide into the culture solution by bubbling or the like to sufficiently dissolve it. desirable.
- the raceway type culture apparatus in a raceway type culture apparatus, light enters the culture pond only from the water surface. Therefore, when the algae grows, the algae itself blocks light, the light reach distance is shortened, and the photosynthesis efficiency of the algae may be reduced. Therefore, the raceway type culture apparatus is formed to be somewhat shallow (for example, about 30 cm) so that light reaches the bottom of the culture pond even when algae grow.
- the depth of the culture pond (vertical length) is shortened in consideration of the arrival of light, even if carbon dioxide is supplied into the culture solution by bubbling or the like, the supplied carbon dioxide is released from the water surface into the atmosphere. May be released immediately. Therefore, the contact time between carbon dioxide and the culture solution cannot be ensured, and carbon dioxide may not be sufficiently dissolved in the culture solution.
- the dissolved carbon dioxide concentration in the culture medium changes until it reaches an equilibrium state with the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. Therefore, even if a culture solution in which carbon dioxide is dissolved at a high concentration (for example, about 2 to 3%) is supplied to the culture pond, the water surface is open to the atmosphere in the raceway type culture apparatus. The dissolved carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is reduced to the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (about 400 ppm) in a short time.
- a culture device that dissolves high-concentration carbon dioxide in an algae solution that is a culture solution containing algae, and algae solution in which high-concentration carbon dioxide is dissolved and delivered from the culture device are housed and algae photosynthesis is performed.
- a technique for individually providing a culture pond has been disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a box-shaped cover member (lid) made of a vinyl resin or acrylic resin plate member is installed on the outer edge of the culture pond, and covers the opening of the culture pond. Prevents the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
- the contact part of the lid with the support column needs to be strong enough to be supported by the support column. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the plate thickness of the plate member constituting the lid to some extent, which may increase the cost. Furthermore, a thick box-shaped lid for covering an opening of a large culture pond has a large weight. Therefore, unless a plurality of heavy machines are used, it is difficult to open and close the culture pond for maintenance or the like.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a culture apparatus capable of reducing the cost while ensuring the strength of a lid that covers a culture pond with a simple configuration and improving the maintainability. It is said.
- the culture apparatus for culturing algae has an opening on the upper surface, a culture pond containing algae liquid that is a culture liquid containing algae, and light transmissive and flexible.
- Gas supply that supplies a high-concentration CO 2 gas having a carbon dioxide concentration higher than that of the atmosphere between the culture pond and the sheet portion.
- a gas retention space in which gas is retained is formed between the liquid level of the algal liquid and the sheet portion by at least a part of the supplied high-concentration CO 2 gas.
- the culture device is formed in an area different from the culture pond along the outer periphery of the culture solution, and includes an outer groove portion for storing the liquid, And a holding unit that is disposed in the liquid contained in the groove and pulls the end of the sheet portion vertically downward to hold the end in the liquid.
- the holding part pulls the end of the sheet part vertically downward in the liquid, so that the sheet part and the liquid seal the opening of the culture pond over the entire surface.
- the holding part detachably hooks the end of the sheet part.
- the culture apparatus further includes a concentration detector that detects the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas retention space.
- the gas supply unit is configured to supply high-concentration CO 2 gas when the concentration of carbon dioxide detected by the concentration detection unit is less than a predetermined value.
- the gas supply unit supplies high-concentration CO 2 gas into the algal liquid.
- the high-concentration CO 2 gas is released from the liquid surface of the algal liquid after at least a part of the carbon dioxide contained in the high-concentration CO 2 gas is dissolved in the algal liquid.
- the culture device causes the droplet attached to the sheet portion to drop by applying vibration to the sheet portion.
- the vibration imparting unit is further provided.
- the culture apparatus further includes an illuminance measurement unit that measures the illuminance of the gas retention space and the illuminance of the external space of the culture apparatus.
- the vibration applying unit is configured to apply vibration to the seat unit when the difference between the illuminance of the gas retention space and the illuminance of the external space is a predetermined value or more.
- the culturing apparatus is configured to recirculate the gas sent from the gas retention space toward the outside of the culturing apparatus.
- a circulation channel for circulating and supplying the residence space is further provided.
- the culture apparatus for culturing algae has an opening on the upper surface, a culture pond containing algae liquid that is a culture liquid containing algae, and has light permeability.
- the present invention with a simple configuration, it is possible to reduce the cost while ensuring the strength of the lid covering the culture pond, and to improve the maintainability.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
- It is a functional block diagram for demonstrating the schematic function of the culture apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the specific structure of a holding
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of the culture device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1
- FIG. It is a functional block diagram for demonstrating a various function. Further, in FIG. 3, the flow of signals accompanying the control is indicated by wavy arrows.
- the culture apparatus 100 includes a culture pond 110, a gas supply unit 120, a sheet unit 130 (sealing unit), an outer groove unit 140, a holding unit 150, and a control.
- a unit 160 gas supply unit, vibration applying unit
- a concentration detecting unit 170 concentration detecting unit 170
- a vibration applying unit 180 concentration detecting unit 170
- an illuminance measuring unit 190 an illuminance measuring unit 190. 1 and 2
- the description of the control unit 160, the concentration detection unit 170, the vibration applying unit 180, and the illuminance measurement unit 190 is omitted for convenience of explanation.
- the culture pond 110 has an opening 112 on the upper surface, and accommodates an algae solution M that is a culture solution containing algae.
- the culture pond 110 includes a bottom portion extending in a substantially horizontal direction and a side wall portion extending upward from the end of the bottom portion.
- the upper end (the upper end of the side wall) of the culture pond 110 is arranged at a position lower than the ground level (indicated by GL in FIG. 2). Yes.
- the gas supply unit 120 includes a gas supply port 122 and a pump 124 (gas supply unit).
- the gas supply port 122 is configured as a gas supply member (for example, a porous member) provided on the bottom surface in the culture pond 110.
- the pump 124 sends gas from a gas source (not shown) toward the culture pond 110.
- the gas supply port 122 and the pump 124 are connected by a supply pipe.
- the gas supply unit 120 supplies high-concentration CO 2 gas (gas having a higher carbon dioxide concentration than the atmosphere) from a gas source (not shown) into the algal liquid M.
- the gas supply unit 120 intermittently supplies high-concentration CO 2 gas into the algal liquid M in accordance with a control command from the control unit 160 described later.
- the gas supply unit 120 supplies high concentration CO 2 gas containing about 10% carbon dioxide at the start of operation of the culture apparatus 100, and when the pressure of a gas retention space G described later reaches a predetermined value P, the high concentration CO 2 is supplied. 2 Stop supplying gas.
- the gas supply unit 120 supplies high-concentration CO 2 gas containing about 10% carbon dioxide into the algal liquid M according to a control command from the control unit 160. The gas supply processing of the gas supply unit 120 by the control unit 160 will be described in detail later.
- the gas supply unit 120 supplies the high-concentration CO 2 gas into the algal liquid M by bubbling or the like for supplying the gas into the liquid. Therefore, the algae liquid M can be stirred with the high-concentration CO 2 gas. it can. Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the fall of photosynthesis efficiency and the fall of the consumption efficiency of a culture solution by algae sedimenting.
- the gas supply unit 120 is supplied to the algae solution M, after at least a portion of the carbon dioxide contained in the high concentration CO 2 gas is dissolved in the algae solution M, liquid algae solution M Released from surface 114.
- the sheet part 130 is a light-transmitting and flexible member formed in a sheet shape (preferably a resin resistant to ultraviolet rays, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.).
- the sheet portion 130 is formed in a size that can sufficiently cover the opening 112 of the culture pond 110. That is, the sheet part 130 is a member that seals the opening 112 of the culture pond 110 as a whole.
- the high concentration CO 2 gas is supplied by the gas supply unit 120 to the inside of the sheet unit 130, that is, between the culture pond 110 and the sheet unit 130. Since the sheet part 130 is expanded by the supply of gas, the sheet part 130 is formed in a size in consideration of this expansion.
- the end portion 132 of the sheet portion 130 is held in the liquid S stored in the outer groove portion 140 by the holding portion 150 described later. Thereby, the sheet part 130 and the liquid S seal the opening part 112 over the entire surface.
- the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas staying in the gas staying space G is higher than that of the atmosphere.
- the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide in the algal liquid M changes until it reaches an equilibrium state with the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas phase of the gas retention space G, the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide in the algal liquid M is changed to the atmosphere. It is possible to maintain a higher concentration than that. Further, even if the dissolved carbon dioxide concentration in the algal liquid M decreases due to the consumption of carbon dioxide by the algae, the algal liquid M maintains a state in contact with the gas retention space G having a high carbon dioxide concentration. Carbon dioxide in the staying space G can be dissolved in the algal liquid M.
- the sheet portion 130 since the sheet portion 130 has flexibility, the sheet portion 130 can bulge upward when the pressure inside thereof increases.
- the gas supply unit 120 supplies the high-concentration CO 2 gas so that the pressure P (gauge pressure) of the gas retention space G is equal to or higher than the weight (g / cm 2 ) of the sheet unit 130 per unit area
- the sheet portion 130 is expanded by the high-concentration CO 2 gas, and a gas retention space G is formed. That is, the sheet part 130 can be supported from the inside (below) by the gas supplied from the gas supply part 120.
- the sheet portion 130 is configured by a flexible member, and the sheet portion 130 is supported with a simple configuration in which the gas supply unit 120 supplies high-concentration CO 2 gas to the inside of the sheet unit 130.
- the opening 112 can be covered with the sheet portion 130 while forming the gas retention space G without using a support post or the like.
- the sheet portion 130 is formed of a light-transmitting member, even if the entire surface of the opening portion 112 is sealed by the sheet portion 130, the sun 10 is introduced into the algal liquid M through the opening portion 112. And so on.
- a discharge valve 136 for discharging gas from the inside to the outside of the seat portion 130 is attached to the seat portion 130.
- the outer groove part 140 is formed in a region different from the culture pond 110 and contains a liquid. Similarly to the culture pond 110, the outer groove portion 140 also includes a bottom portion and a side wall portion extending upward from the end of the bottom portion. As shown in FIG. 1, the outer groove 140 is formed along the outer periphery of the culture pond 110 in the present embodiment. That is, the side wall part of the outer groove part 140 is arrange
- a liquid for example, an aqueous solution containing hypochlorous acid
- the outer groove portion 140 is formed by digging the ground, and the upper end (the upper end of the side wall portion) of the outer groove portion 140 is disposed at a position substantially equal to the ground level (indicated by GL in FIG. 2). Has been.
- the holding part 150 is formed in a frame shape that surrounds the outer periphery of the culture pond 110 using, for example, metal, and is placed in the liquid S in the outer groove part 140.
- the holding unit 150 holds the end portion 132 in the liquid S by pulling the end portion 132 of the sheet portion 130 vertically downward in the liquid S stored in the outer groove portion 140. More specifically, a force is applied to the seat portion 130 in the direction of expansion due to the pressure P of the gas retention space G formed inside thereof, and the vertical component thereof becomes the buoyancy F.
- the end portion 132 can be held in the liquid S by setting the weight of the holding portion 150 so that it can be pulled vertically downward by a force equal to or greater than the buoyancy F.
- the height of the liquid surface on the inner side (the culture pond 110 side) of the liquid S holding portion 150 (the sheet portion 130) is substantially equal to the height of the liquid surface 114. Further, the liquid level outside the liquid S holding part 150 (sheet part 130) is higher than the height of the inner liquid level by a pressure head (indicated by H in FIG. 2) corresponding to the buoyancy F.
- the end portion 132 of the sheet portion 130 is held in the liquid S over the entire circumference. Therefore, the sheet part 130 and the liquid S can reliably seal the opening 112 of the culture pond 110 over the entire surface.
- the opening 112 is sealed with the sheet 130 and the liquid S over the entire surface, external microorganisms may pass through the liquid S and enter the culture pond 110. Therefore, by making the liquid S a liquid having a sterilizing effect (an effect of killing microorganisms), it is possible to sterilize microorganisms that enter from the outside, and intrusion of contaminants into the algal liquid M (contamination of the algal liquid M). National) can be prevented.
- the holding unit 150 is configured to detachably attach the end 132 of the sheet unit 130.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a specific configuration of the holding unit 150
- FIG. 4B is an explanatory diagram for explaining the pulling of the sheet unit 130 by the holding unit 150.
- FIG. In the present embodiment a plurality of engaging holes 134 are formed in the vicinity of the end portion 132 of the sheet portion 130. The plurality of engaging holes 134 are provided, for example, at substantially equal intervals along the outer periphery of the sheet portion 130.
- the holding unit 150 includes a main body frame 152, a plurality of hooks 154, and a fishing upper part 156.
- the main body frame 152 is formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the culture pond 110.
- the hooks 154 are formed of rivets or the like, and are provided in the main body frame 152.
- the hooks 154 can be hooked into the plurality of hook holes 134 provided in the seat portion 130.
- Each of the plurality of hooks 154 is set to a size that can be hooked with the corresponding hook hole 134.
- the fishing upper portion 156 is configured by I bolts or the like, and a plurality of fishing upper portions 156 are provided on the main body frame 152. When the crane or the like hooks the fishing upper portion 156 and raises the fishing part, the entire holding unit 150 is raised.
- the fishing upper portion 156 is hooked and suspended by a crane or the like, and the main body frame 152 is submerged in the liquid S accommodated in the outer groove portion 140. Subsequently, the engagement hole 134 of the sheet unit 130 is engaged with the engagement rod 154 of the holding unit 150. 4A, the vertically upper end 134a of the engagement hole 134 is engaged with the engagement collar 154, and the opening 112 is sealed over the entire surface by the sheet portion 130 and the liquid S.
- the holding unit 150 can be easily attached to and detached from the holding unit 150 by having a simple configuration in which the holding unit 150 is hooked on the sheet unit 130. Therefore, when the sheet portion 130 is damaged or deteriorated due to outside air, ultraviolet rays, or the like, the sheet portion 130 can be easily replaced.
- control unit 160 includes a semiconductor integrated circuit including a central processing unit (CPU), a ROM storing programs, a RAM as a work area, and the like, and manages and controls the culture apparatus 100. .
- CPU central processing unit
- ROM read-only memory
- RAM random access memory
- the controller 160 Based on a concentration signal (described later) transmitted from the concentration detector 170, the controller 160 operates the pump 124 and opens the discharge valve 136 (a valve for discharging gas from the inside to the outside of the seat portion 130). Is adjusted (gas supply processing). Further, the control unit 160 controls the vibration applying unit 180 based on an illuminance signal (described later) transmitted from the illuminance measuring unit 190 (vibration applying process). The gas supply process and the vibration applying process performed by the control unit 160 will be described in detail later.
- the concentration detection unit 170 detects the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas residence space G and transmits a concentration signal, which is a signal indicating the detected concentration, to the control unit 160.
- the control unit 160 receives the concentration signal, and performs the gas supply process when the carbon dioxide concentration indicated in the received concentration signal is less than a predetermined value (for example, 2%). More specifically, algae consume oxygen and produce oxygen when performing photosynthesis. As described above, since the opening portion 112 is sealed with the sheet portion 130 in the culture apparatus 100, when the algae continue photosynthesis, the dissolved carbon dioxide concentration in the algae liquid M decreases, and the gas staying space G Of carbon dioxide dissolves in the algal fluid M. Further, oxygen produced by the algae is released from the algal liquid M to the gas retention space G. Therefore, the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas residence space G decreases, and conversely, the oxygen concentration increases.
- a predetermined value for example, 2%
- the control unit 160 When the carbon dioxide concentration indicated by the concentration signal is less than a predetermined value (for example, 2%), the control unit 160 first adjusts the opening degree of the exhaust valve 136 and sets the 50% capacity in the gas retention space G. This gas is discharged to the outside of the sheet portion 130. Subsequently, the control unit 160 drives the pump 124 of the gas supply unit 120 to convert the high-concentration CO 2 gas containing about 10% carbon dioxide concentration until the pressure in the gas retention space G reaches the pressure P. Feed in M. As a result, the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas retention space G can be increased compared to before the gas supply process, for example, 6%.
- a predetermined value for example, 2%
- the control unit 160 uses the gas supply unit 120 to supply new high-concentration CO 2 gas to the algal liquid M. Supply inside. Therefore, the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas retention space G can be maintained at a predetermined value, and as a result, the dissolved carbon dioxide concentration of the algal liquid M can be maintained at the predetermined value. Therefore, the photosynthesis efficiency of algae can be maintained high.
- the vibration applying unit 180 includes an air gun or a vibrator installed in the vicinity of the seat unit 130, and can apply vibration to the seat unit 130 in accordance with a control command from the control unit 160.
- the vibration applying unit 180 since the opening 112 is sealed by the sheet portion 130 in the culture apparatus 100, when the culture of algae is continued, water vapor evaporated from the algal liquid M is condensed inside the sheet portion 130, and the sheet In some cases, droplets may adhere to the inside of the portion 130. In this case, the incidence of light from the outside to the inside of the sheet portion 130 is blocked by the droplets, and the light reaching efficiency to the algal liquid M may be reduced.
- the vibration applying unit 180 applies vibrations to the sheet unit 130 and drops the droplets attached to the inside of the sheet unit 130 onto the culture basin 110, so that the droplets are generated from the inside of the sheet unit 130. Can be removed. Note that the droplet may fall into the outer groove 140. Thereby, it becomes possible to prevent the light transmission efficiency of the sheet part 130 from being lowered due to the liquid droplets.
- the vibration applying unit 180 applies vibrations to the sheet unit 130 so that the droplets attached to the outside of the sheet unit 130 are removed. It can be dropped to the outside of 130 (the outer groove portion 140 and the like) and can be removed from the sheet portion 130.
- the illuminance measurement unit 190 measures the illuminance of the gas retention space G and the illuminance of the space A outside the sheet unit 130 (external space of the culture apparatus 100), and generates an illuminance signal that is a signal indicating the measured illuminance. It transmits to the control part 160.
- the control unit 160 receives the illuminance signal, and the difference between the illuminance of the gas retention space G indicated in the received illuminance signal and the illuminance of the space A outside the seat unit 130 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold (predetermined value).
- predetermined threshold predetermined value
- the incident light may be blocked by the droplets. That is, the illuminance of the gas retention space G decreases.
- control unit 160 determines that the difference between the illuminance of the gas retention space G and the illuminance of the space A outside the seat unit 130 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, that is, more than the outer space A.
- a predetermined threshold that is, more than the outer space A.
- control unit 160 calculates the difference between the illuminance of the gas staying space G and the illuminance of the space A outside the seat unit 130, the illuminance of the gas staying space G is lowered simply because the weather is cloudy. Even if the liquid suitability is not adhered, it is possible to avoid the erroneous determination that the liquid suitability is adhered to the inside of the sheet portion 130. Therefore, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the vibration applying unit 180 applies vibrations unnecessarily.
- the opening 112 of the culture pond 110 is covered with the flexible sheet portion 130 and the high concentration CO 2 gas is disposed inside the sheet portion 130. Is retained. Therefore, even if there is no support, this high-concentration CO 2 gas can reliably support the sheet portion 130 from the inside.
- seat part 130 which has the function of the cover which covers the opening part 112 is a member with thin thickness. Therefore, compared with the case where a cover is comprised with a plate-shaped member, the thickness can be reduced remarkably and it becomes possible to achieve weight reduction of a cover.
- the cost required for the support and the cost required for the material used as the lid can be reduced as compared with the case where the lid is formed of a plate-like member. Furthermore, the sheet portion 130 is extremely light compared to the case where the lid is formed of a plate-like member. For this reason, the culture apparatus 100 can be easily opened and closed, and the maintainability can be improved.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram for explaining schematic functions of the culture apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof may be omitted.
- the gas supply unit 120 includes a gas supply port 122, a pump 124, a supply pipe 126, and a supply stop valve 128.
- the supply pipe 126 connects the gas supply port 122 and the pump 124.
- High-concentration CO 2 gas delivered from the pump 124 is supplied into the algal liquid M through the supply pipe 126 and the gas supply port 122.
- the supply stop valve 128 is provided in the supply pipe 126 and can open and close the flow path of the supply pipe 126 based on a control command of the control unit 160.
- the seat unit 130 and the discharge valve 136 are connected by a discharge pipe 138. That is, the discharge pipe 138 communicates the gas retention space G inside the seat portion 130 with the discharge valve 136.
- the discharge valve 136 can open and close the flow path of the discharge pipe 138 based on a control command of the control unit 160.
- a circulation pipe 210 that connects the supply pipe 126 and the discharge pipe 138 is provided.
- One end of the circulation pipe 210 is connected to the supply pipe 126 between the supply stop valve 128 and the gas supply port 122, and the other end of the circulation pipe 210 is connected to the discharge pipe 138 between the seat portion 130 and the discharge valve 136. It is connected. That is, in the culture apparatus 200, a circulation channel 220 is formed by a part of the discharge pipe 138, the circulation pipe 210, and a part of the supply pipe 126.
- the circulation flow path 220 is a flow path for circulating and supplying the gas sent from the gas retention space G toward the outside of the culture apparatus 200 to the gas retention space G again.
- a second pump 212 gas supply unit is provided in the circulation pipe 210 (in the vicinity of the supply pipe 126 in the present embodiment).
- the second pump 212 can supply the gas in the circulation pipe 210 and the supply pipe 126 toward the gas retention space G even when the pump 124 is not operating.
- the operation of the second pump 212 is controlled based on a control command from the control unit 160.
- control unit 160 and the concentration detection unit 170 are configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, when the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas retention space G is less than a predetermined value, the control unit 160 detects the carbon dioxide in the gas retention space G. Therefore, the pump 124 is operated based on a control command from the control unit 160. In this case, since the second pump 212 is provided in the circulation pipe 210 in this embodiment, the high-concentration CO 2 gas flows toward the discharge valve 136 through the circulation pipe 210 without passing through the gas retention space G. This can be prevented by the second pump 212.
- the control unit 160 determines that sufficient carbon dioxide is retained in the gas retention space G, and therefore, based on the control command of the control unit 160.
- the operation of the pump 124 stops.
- carbon dioxide in the algal liquid M is consumed by photosynthesis of algae, the carbon dioxide in the gas retention space G is dissolved in the algal liquid M.
- carbon dioxide in the gas retention space G dissolves in the algal liquid M only through the liquid surface 114, so it may be difficult to dissolve carbon dioxide quickly.
- the control unit 160 closes the supply stop valve 128 and the discharge valve 136.
- the second pump 212 is operated.
- the gas in the circulation pipe 210 and the supply pipe 126 flows toward the gas retention space G by the operation of the second pump 212.
- the supply stop valve 128 and the discharge valve 136 are closed, the closed-loop circulation flow path 220 is formed, so that the gas flows in the circulation flow path 220 in a fixed direction by the operation of the second pump 212. To do.
- the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas retention space G is equal to or higher than a predetermined value based on the detection by the concentration detection unit 170, sufficient carbon dioxide still exists in the gas retention space G. Since the gas in the gas retention space G is supplied again into the algal liquid M through the circulation channel 220, carbon dioxide can be rapidly dissolved in the algal liquid M. As described above, according to the present embodiment, even when the pump 124 is stopped, a high carbon dioxide concentration in the algal liquid M can be ensured, and the inside of the culture pond 110 can be maintained in an environment suitable for algae photosynthesis. .
- the end portion 132 of the sheet portion 130 is held in the liquid S by the holding portion 150, and the opening portion 112 of the culture pond 110 is sealed over the entire surface by the sheet portion 130 and the liquid S. ing.
- the opening 112 it is not always necessary to seal the opening 112 over the entire surface.
- the sheet part 130 seals at least a part of the opening 112
- the carbon dioxide released from the liquid surface 114 can be retained inside the sheet part 130, and the algal liquid M It becomes possible to improve the dissolution efficiency of carbon dioxide.
- the seat unit 130 covers at least a part of the opening 112 by disposing the holding unit 150 along the inner periphery of the culture pond 110 and setting the holding unit 150 to be submerged in the culture pond 110, Good.
- the outer groove 140 may not be provided.
- the gas supply unit 120 supplies high-concentration CO 2 gas into the algal liquid M.
- the gas supply space 120 may supply the high-concentration CO 2 gas to the inside of the sheet portion 130 without passing through the algal liquid M as long as the gas retention space G can be formed inside the sheet portion 130.
- the main body frame 152 is installed outside the seat portion 130.
- the main body frame 152 may be installed inside the seat portion 130.
- the fishing upper portion 156 may be provided on the main body frame 152 at a position facing the position where the hook rod 154 is connected to the main body frame 152.
- the vibration applying unit 180 applies vibration to the sheet unit 130 based on the measurement result of the illuminance measuring unit 190.
- the vibration applying unit 180 may apply vibration to the sheet unit 130 periodically at predetermined intervals using, for example, a timer.
- the shape of the lid (sealing portion) that seals the opening 112 is not limited to a sheet shape, and the sealing portion may be formed of a member that does not have flexibility.
- the end portion of the sealing portion is configured to be held in the liquid accommodated in the outer groove portion, so that the opening portion of the culture pond is spread over the entire surface by the sealing portion and the liquid. Thus, it is possible to prevent entry of contaminants from the outside.
- the present invention can be used for a culture apparatus for culturing algae and the like.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2011年7月27日に日本に出願された特願2011-163868号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態における培養装置100の外観斜視図であり、図2は、図1におけるII-II線での断面図であり、図3は、培養装置100の概略的な機能を説明するための機能ブロック図である。また、図3中、制御に伴う信号の流れを波線の矢印で示す。
ガス供給部120は、不図示のガス源から高濃度CO2ガス(大気よりも高い二酸化炭素濃度を有するガス)を、藻類液M中に供給する。本実施形態においてガス供給部120は、後述する制御部160による制御指令に応じて、高濃度CO2ガスを間欠的に藻類液M中に供給する。また、ガス供給部120は、培養装置100の稼働開始時に、二酸化炭素が10%程度含まれる高濃度CO2ガスを供給し、後述するガス滞留空間Gの圧力が所定値Pとなると高濃度CO2ガスの供給を停止する。
培養装置100の稼働中において、ガス供給部120は、二酸化炭素が10%程度含まれる高濃度CO2ガスを、制御部160による制御指令に応じて藻類液M中に供給する。制御部160によるガス供給部120のガス供給処理については後に詳述する。
また、ガス滞留空間Gに滞留するガスの二酸化炭素濃度は、大気よりも高い。上述したように、藻類液M中の溶解二酸化炭素の濃度は、ガス滞留空間Gの気相中二酸化炭素濃度と平衡状態になるまで変化するため、藻類液M中の溶解二酸化炭素の濃度を大気よりも高濃度に維持することが可能となる。また、藻類による二酸化炭素の消費によって藻類液M中の溶解二酸化炭素濃度が低下しても、藻類液Mは高い二酸化炭素濃度を有するガス滞留空間Gと接触している状態を維持するため、ガス滞留空間G中の二酸化炭素を藻類液Mに溶解させることができる。
なお、シート部130には、シート部130の内側から外側にガスを排出するための排出バルブ136が取り付けられている。
詳細に説明すると、シート部130には、その内側に形成されたガス滞留空間Gの圧力Pによって膨張する向きに力が加わり、その鉛直方向成分が浮力Fとなる。保持部150の重量を、浮力F以上の力で鉛直下方に牽引することができる重さにすることで、端部132を液体S中に保持することができる。本実施形態では、液体Sの保持部150(シート部130)より内側(培養池110側)の液面の高さは、液面114の高さと実質的に等しくなっている。また、液体Sの保持部150(シート部130)より外側の液面は、内側の液面の高さより、浮力Fに相当する圧力水頭分(図2中にHで示す)高くなっている。
保持部150が、浮力F以上の力で鉛直下方に牽引することができる重さに設定されているため、浮力Fに抗して端部132を液体S中に保持することができる。
上述したように、培養装置100において開口部112はシート部130で封止されているため、藻類の培養を継続すると、藻類液Mから蒸発した水蒸気等がシート部130の内側で凝縮し、シート部130の内側に液滴となって付着する場合がある。この場合、シート部130の外側から内側への光の入射が、液滴によって遮られてしまい、光の藻類液Mへの到達効率が低下する可能性がある。
また、開口部112を覆う蓋の機能を有するシート部130が厚みの薄い部材である。そのため、蓋を板状部材で構成する場合と比較して、その厚みを著しく低減することができ、蓋の軽量化を図ることが可能となる。したがって、蓋を板状部材で構成する場合と比較して、支柱に要するコストおよび蓋として利用する材料に要するコストを削減することができる。
さらに、シート部130は蓋を板状部材で構成する場合と比較して、きわめて軽い。そのため、培養装置100の開閉を容易に行うことが可能となり、メンテナンス性を向上させることができる。
図5を参照して、本発明の第2実施形態における培養装置について説明する。図5は、本発明の第2実施形態における培養装置200の概略的な機能を説明するための機能ブロック図である。なお、以下の説明において、第1実施形態の構成要素と同様の要素については同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する場合がある。
循環管210(本実施形態では供給管126の近傍)には、第2ポンプ212(ガス供給部)が設けられている。第2ポンプ212は、ポンプ124が動作していない状態でも、循環管210や供給管126におけるガスをガス滞留空間Gに向けて供給可能である。また、第2ポンプ212の動作は、制御部160の制御指令に基づいて制御される。
制御部160と濃度検出部170が第1実施形態と同様に構成されている場合、ガス滞留空間Gの二酸化炭素濃度が所定値未満であるときには、制御部160はガス滞留空間G内の二酸化炭素が不足していると判断するため、制御部160の制御指令に基づいてポンプ124が作動する。この場合、本実施形態では循環管210に第2ポンプ212が設けられているため、高濃度CO2ガスがガス滞留空間Gを介さずに循環管210を通って排出バルブ136に向けて流動してしまうことを、第2ポンプ212によって防止できる。
一方、ガス滞留空間Gの二酸化炭素濃度が所定値以上であるときには、制御部160はガス滞留空間G内に十分な二酸化炭素が滞留していると判断するため、制御部160の制御指令に基づいてポンプ124の動作は停止する。
上述したように、藻類の光合成により藻類液M内の二酸化炭素が消費されると、ガス滞留空間G内の二酸化炭素が藻類液Mに溶解する。しかしながら、ポンプ124が停止している状態では、ガス滞留空間G内の二酸化炭素は液面114のみを介して藻類液Mに溶解するため、迅速に二酸化炭素を溶解させることが難しい場合がある。
濃度検出部170の検出によりガス滞留空間Gの二酸化炭素濃度が所定値以上であると判断されているため、ガス滞留空間Gには未だ十分な二酸化炭素が存在している。このようなガス滞留空間G内のガスが、循環流路220を介して再び藻類液M内に供給されるため、藻類液M内に迅速に二酸化炭素を溶解させることができる。
以上より、本実施形態によれば、ポンプ124が停止している状態であっても、藻類液Mにおける高い二酸化炭素濃度を確保でき、培養池110内を藻類の光合成に適した環境に維持できる。
M…藻類液
S…液体
100,200…培養装置
110…培養池
112…開口部
114…液面
124…ポンプ(ガス供給部)
130…シート部(封止部)
132…端部
140…外溝部
150…保持部
160…制御部(ガス供給部,振動付与部)
170…濃度検出部
180…振動付与部
190…照度測定部
212…第2ポンプ(ガス供給部)
220…循環流路
Claims (9)
- 藻類を培養する培養装置であって、
上面に開口部を有し、前記藻類を含む培養液である藻類液が収容される培養池と、
光透過性および可撓性を有し、前記培養池の前記開口部の少なくとも一部を封止するシート部と、
大気よりも高い二酸化炭素濃度を有する高濃度CO2ガスを、前記培養池と前記シート部との間に供給するガス供給部と、
を備え、
供給された前記高濃度CO2ガスの少なくとも一部によって、前記藻類液の液面と前記シート部との間にガスが滞留するガス滞留空間が形成される培養装置。 - 前記培養池と異なる領域で、前記培養池の外周に沿って形成され、液体が収容される外溝部と、
前記外溝部に収容される液体中に配置され、前記シート部の端部を鉛直下方に牽引して前記端部を前記液体中に保持する保持部と、
をさらに備え、
前記保持部が前記シート部の端部を前記液体中で鉛直下方に牽引することで、前記シート部および前記液体が、前記培養池の開口部を全面に亘って封止する請求項1に記載の培養装置。 - 前記保持部は、前記シート部の端部を着脱可能に掛止する請求項2に記載の培養装置。
- 前記ガス滞留空間中の二酸化炭素の濃度を検出する濃度検出部をさらに備え、
前記ガス供給部は、前記濃度検出部が検出した二酸化炭素の濃度が所定値未満である場合に、前記高濃度CO2ガスを供給するように構成されている請求項1に記載の培養装置。 - 前記ガス供給部は、前記高濃度CO2ガスを前記藻類液中に供給し、
前記高濃度CO2ガスは、前記高濃度CO2ガスに含まれる二酸化炭素のうち少なくとも一部が前記藻類液中に溶解した後に、前記藻類液の液面から放出される請求項1に記載の培養装置。 - 前記シート部に振動を与えることで、前記シート部に付着した液滴を落下させるように構成された振動付与部をさらに備える請求項1に記載の培養装置。
- 前記ガス滞留空間の照度と、この培養装置の外部空間の照度とを測定する照度測定部をさらに備え、
前記振動付与部は、前記ガス滞留空間の照度と前記外部空間の照度との差が所定値以上となる場合に、前記シート部に振動を与えるように構成されている請求項6に記載の培養装置。 - 前記ガス滞留空間からこの培養装置の外部に向けて送出されたガスを、再び前記ガス滞留空間に循環して供給するための循環流路をさらに備える請求項1に記載の培養装置。
- 藻類を培養する培養装置であって、
上面に開口部を有し、前記藻類を含む培養液である藻類液が収容される培養池と、
光透過性を有し、前記培養池の前記開口部を封止する封止部と、
前記培養池と異なる領域で、前記培養池の外周に沿って形成され、液体が収容される外溝部と、
を備え、
前記封止部の端部が、前記外溝部に収容される液体中に保持されることで、前記封止部および前記液体が、前記培養池の開口部を全面に亘って封止する培養装置。
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BR112014001669-0A BR112014001669B1 (pt) | 2011-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | dispositivo de cultura |
JP2013525785A JP5794303B2 (ja) | 2011-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | 培養装置 |
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