WO2013011555A1

WO2013011555A1 - Apparatus and method for carbonizing organic material

Info

Publication number: WO2013011555A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/066333
Authority: WO
Inventors: 伊藤　智章
Original assignee: 株式会社ワンワールド
Priority date: 2011-07-19
Filing date: 2011-07-19
Publication date: 2013-01-24
Also published as: JPWO2013011555A1; JP5778771B2; CN103703104A

Abstract

Provided is an apparatus for carbonizing organic materials, which is capable of improving the carbonization efficiency of organic materials such as food waste. An apparatus for carbonizing organic materials, which is provided with: a container (2) for containing an organic material; a transfer conveyor (31) that transfers the container; a carbonization furnace (3) that is composed of a tubular body which has opening portions (3a, 3b) at the both ends in the longitudinal direction; a superheated steam generator (4); and a supply pipe (5) that supplies the superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator (4) to the inside of the carbonization furnace (3). The apparatus for carbonizing organic materials has a configuration wherein the transfer conveyor (31) is arranged within the carbonization furnace (3).

Description

Carbonizing apparatus and method for carbonizing organic matter

The present invention relates to an organic carbonization apparatus and a carbonization method that are suitably used for carbonizing food waste such as garbage and food scraps.

As a method for treating organic waste represented by food waste such as raw garbage and food scraps, a method of carbonizing by bringing superheated steam into contact with organic waste in an oxygen-free state is known. . Carbonization equipment for this purpose includes a water tank that contains water, a boiler that vaporizes water transferred from the water tank, and steam that is transferred from the boiler is heated to generate atmospheric superheated steam. And a carbonization furnace for performing carbonization treatment by supplying superheated steam generated from the heat generation element to an organic substance, and circulatingly connected to the carbonization furnace via a pipe line, as the carbonization treatment proceeds. A pyrolysis device for continuously pyrolyzing the odor gas generated from the organic matter, and a surplus generated in the carbonization furnace as the carbonization process proceeds, connected to the carbonization furnace and the water tank via a pipe line The water vapor is cooled, the surplus water obtained is deodorized, the filtered water generated thereby is accommodated, and the surplus water vapor that transfers a predetermined amount of filtered water to the water tank when a predetermined amount of the filtered water is accommodated Processing means and Carbonizing apparatus comprising is known (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-139303 A

However, in the conventional carbonization apparatus, the organic substance is charged from the inlet of the carbonization furnace, the carbonization furnace is sealed, and the carbonization of the organic substance is performed with superheated steam, and then the operation of the carbonization apparatus is temporarily stopped to perform the carbonization furnace. There is a problem that the efficiency of the carbonization treatment is poor because the carbide is collected from the discharge port and the above-described series of operations are sequentially repeated in the same manner for the new organic matter to be treated.

The present invention has been made in view of such a technical background, and provides an organic matter carbonization treatment apparatus and an organic matter carbonization treatment method capable of improving the efficiency of carbonization treatment of organic matter such as food waste. For the purpose.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following means.

[1] A storage container for storing organic matter;
A transfer conveyor for transferring the container;
A carbonization furnace comprising a tubular body having openings at both ends in the length direction;
A superheated steam generator;
A supply pipe for supplying superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator to the inside of the carbonization furnace,
An organic carbonization apparatus, wherein the transfer conveyor is installed inside the carbonization furnace.

[2] The carbonization treatment apparatus for organic matter according to item 1 above, wherein a tip opening of the supply pipe is disposed below the transfer conveyor inside the carbonization furnace.

[3] End shutters that are openable and closable are provided at opening portions at both ends of the carbonization furnace, and a partition shutter that partitions an internal space is provided in an intermediate area in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization furnace so as to be openable and closable. 3. The organic carbonization apparatus according to 1 or 2 above.

[4] The organic carbonization apparatus according to item 3 above, wherein a plurality of the partition shutters are provided, and the partition shutters are spaced apart from each other in the length direction of the carbonization furnace.

[5] In the carbonization furnace, superheated steam is supplied from the supply pipe section to each of a plurality of independent internal spaces formed by closing the end shutter and the partition shutter, and the supply pipe The temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the section to each independent internal space is controlled to be different for each independent internal space, and is controlled so as to be higher on the downstream side in the transfer direction of the container. The organic carbonization apparatus according to 3 or 4.

[6] The organic carbonization apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the transfer conveyor includes a pair of transfer conveyors separated in a width direction of the carbonization furnace.

[7] The carbonization of organic matter according to the above item 6, wherein a plurality of small holes are formed in at least a part of a region corresponding to a gap between the pair of transfer conveyors at the time of transfer on the bottom surface of the storage container. Processing equipment.

[8] The carbonization apparatus for organic matter according to item 7 above, further comprising a metal recovery container that recovers metal falling through a small hole in the bottom surface of the storage container at a position below the gap between the pair of transfer conveyors. .

[9] The organic carbonization apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 8, further comprising a heating device that heats an intermediate position of the supply pipe section outside the carbonization furnace.

[10] a condenser;
A recovery pipe having one end connected to the carbonization furnace and the other end connected to the condenser;
The organic carbonization apparatus according to any one of the preceding items 1 to 9, further comprising a recovery container that recovers the condensate condensed by the condenser.

[11] The organic carbonization apparatus according to the item 10, which includes a catalytic reactor disposed in the middle of the recovery pipe.

[12] A step of transferring the storage container containing the organic matter into the internal space of the carbonization furnace made of a tubular body having openings at both ends in the length direction by a conveyor;
Carbonizing the organic matter by supplying superheated steam into the carbonization furnace after the transfer; and
And a step of discharging the storage container to the outside of the carbonization furnace by a conveyor after the carbonization process.

[13] The organic substance is an organic substance containing a metal,
As the storage container, using a storage container in which a plurality of small holes are formed in a part of the bottom surface,
13. The method for carbonizing an organic substance according to item 12, wherein in the carbonizing step, molten metal that passes through a small hole on the bottom surface of the storage container and falls is collected in a metal recovery container.

[14] The method for carbonizing an organic substance according to

item

12 or 13, wherein the temperature of the superheated steam is 150 ° C. or higher.

[15] The method for carbonizing an organic material according to any one of items 12 to 14, wherein the organic material is food waste.

In the invention of [1], since superheated steam can be continuously supplied into the inside of a carbonization furnace comprising a tubular body having openings at both ends in the length direction, the organic matter can be used even when both ends are open. During the treatment with superheated steam, external air does not enter (can be made oxygen-free or close to oxygen-free), and the organic matter can be sufficiently carbonized. Moreover, since the storage container which accommodated organic substance can be transferred with a transfer conveyor, organic substance can be continuously carbonized efficiently.

In the invention of [2], since the tip opening of the supply pipe is disposed below the transfer conveyor, the superheated steam is sufficiently distributed in the internal space of the carbonization furnace, and the organic matter can be sufficiently carbonized. .

In the invention of [3], end shutters that are openable and closable are provided at openings at both ends of the carbonization furnace, and a partition shutter that partitions the internal space is openable and closable in an intermediate region in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization furnace. Since it is provided, the internal space of the carbonization furnace can be made into at least two independent sealed spaces. Therefore, carbonization with superheated steam at at least two stages with different temperatures for each independent sealed space (the temperature in each independent sealed space can be controlled by varying the temperature of superheated steam supplied to each independent sealed space). Processing is possible.

In the invention of [4], a plurality of partition shutters are provided, and these partition shutters are spaced apart from each other in the length direction of the carbonization furnace, so that at least three independent spaces in the carbonization furnace are provided. It can be a sealed space. Therefore, carbonization by superheated steam is performed at a temperature of at least three stages by making the temperature different for each independent sealed space (the temperature in each independent sealed space can be controlled by varying the temperature of superheated steam supplied to each independent sealed space). Processing is possible.

In the invention of [5], the temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe portion to each of the plurality of independent internal spaces formed by closing the end shutter and the partition shutter in the carbonization furnace is determined by the independent internal spaces. Since it is controlled so as to be different from each other and is controlled so that the downstream side in the transfer direction of the container is higher, the organic matter by superheated steam is at least two stages of temperature that increase in order toward the downstream side. Carbonization is possible.

In the invention of [6], the transfer conveyor has a configuration composed of a pair of transfer conveyors spaced apart in the width direction of the carbonization furnace (a configuration having a gap between the pair of transfer conveyors). By providing a metal recovery container that recovers the falling metal through the small holes and the gap between the conveyors in order, if the metal is mixed in the organic matter to be carbonized, the metal is It can be separated and recovered in a metal recovery container.

In the invention of [7], the bottom surface of the container is formed with a plurality of small holes in at least part of the region corresponding to the lower part of the gap between the pair of transfer conveyors at the time of transfer. The superheated steam supplied from the part can contact not only the opening at the top of the storage container but also the plurality of small holes on the bottom surface of the storage container and contact the organic substance in the storage container. More fully carbonized.

In the invention of [8], since the metal recovery container for recovering the metal falling through the small hole in the bottom surface of the storage container is further provided at a position below the gap between the pair of transfer conveyors, the carbonization is performed. When a metal component is mixed in the organic matter to be treated, the metal component can be separated and recovered in this metal recovery container. Carbide (carbide obtained by carbonizing organic matter) and metal are mixed in the container by the carbonization treatment, but the metal which is liquid by melting and has a high specific gravity passes through the small holes. While falling down and recovered in a metal recovery container, carbides tend to agglomerate and have a relatively low specific gravity, so they float on the molten metal and remain in the storage container. To do. In this way, carbide and metal can be separated.

In the invention of [9], since it further includes a heating device that heats a midway position outside the carbonization furnace in the supply pipe section, higher temperature superheated steam can be brought into contact with the organic matter, Organic substances can be carbonized more efficiently.

In the invention of [10], a condenser, a recovery pipe having one end connected to the carbonization furnace and the other end connected to the condenser, and a recovery container for recovering the condensate condensed by the condenser are further provided. Evaporation component (steam, pyrolysis component from organic matter, light oil, heavy oil, kerosene, etc.) in the carbonization furnace is collected in the condenser via the recovery pipe and condensed in the condenser for recovery. Since it can be collected in a container, the environmental load can be reduced.

In the invention of [11], since the catalytic reactor is arranged in the middle of the recovery pipe, chlorine, acid, etc. can be removed by this catalytic reactor, and the condensate (recovered liquid recovered in the recovery container) ) Is easy to use.

[12] In the invention of [12], a containment vessel containing an organic substance is arranged inside a carbonization treatment furnace comprising a tubular body having openings at both ends in the length direction, and superheated steam is placed inside the carbonization treatment furnace in this state. Therefore, even when both ends of the carbonization furnace are open, external air does not enter the furnace when the organic matter is treated with superheated steam (in an oxygen-free state or near oxygen-free state) Therefore, the organic matter can be sufficiently carbonized. Moreover, since the storage container which accommodated organic substance is transferred with a transfer conveyor, organic substance can be continuously carbonized efficiently.

In the invention of [13], the molten metal that falls through the small hole in the bottom surface of the container in the carbonization process is recovered in the metal recovery container. Can be separated and recovered in a metal recovery container. Therefore, the carbide (charcoal) obtained by the invention [13] (carbonization method) contains no or hardly any metal component and can be effectively used for various applications.

[14] In the invention of [14], since the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the inside of the carbonization furnace is 150 ° C. or higher, the organic matter in the container can be more sufficiently carbonized.

[15] In the invention of [15], food waste such as raw garbage can be continuously and efficiently carbonized.

It is a top view which shows one Embodiment of the carbonization processing apparatus of the organic substance which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the carbonization apparatus of FIG. 1 (however, the superheated steam generator, boiler, and supply pipe section are not shown). FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows an example of a storage container, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view which shows a mounting board and a storage container in the separation state, (b) is a bottom view of a storage container. It is a perspective view which isolate | separates and shows a metal recovery container. It is a top view which shows other embodiment of the carbonization processing apparatus of the organic substance which concerns on this invention. It is a front view of the carbonization processing apparatus of FIG. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 7. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of an organic carbonization apparatus according to the present invention. This carbonization apparatus is suitably used for carbonizing food waste (food waste, food scraps, etc.).

The carbonization apparatus 1 includes a container 2,

transfer conveyors

31, 32, 33, 34, a carbonization furnace 3, a superheated steam generator 4, a supply pipe unit 5, and a boiler 6.

The carbonization furnace 3 is formed of a tubular

body having openings

3a and 3b at both ends in the length direction. One opening 3 a is an inlet for supplying the storage container 2 to the inside of the furnace 3, and the other opening 3 b is an outlet for discharging the storage container 2 to the outside of the furnace 3.

The carbonization furnace 3 has a substantially rectangular cross section as shown in FIGS. The carbonization furnace 3 has a bottom wall formed of a floor surface, and a long body having a substantially U-shaped cross section is placed on the floor surface in a sealed state.

An openable / closable end shutter 40 is attached to an opening 3 a at one end of the carbonization furnace 3. A shutter opening / closing cylinder 16A is attached to the upper position of one end of the carbonization furnace 3, and the end shutter 40 can be moved up and down by driving the opening / closing cylinder 16A. The opening 3a at one end of the carbonization furnace 3 can be closed by moving the end shutter 40 downward, while the opening at one end of the carbonization furnace 3 can be closed by moving the end shutter 40 upward. Part 3a can be opened.

An openable / closable end shutter 44 is attached to the opening 3 b at the other end of the carbonization furnace 3. A shutter opening / closing cylinder 16E is attached to the upper position of the other end of the carbonization furnace 3, and the end shutter 44 can be moved up and down by driving the opening / closing cylinder 16E. The opening 3b at the other end of the carbonizing furnace 3 can be closed by moving the end shutter 44 downward, while the other end of the carbonizing furnace 3 can be closed by moving the end shutter 44 upward. The opening 3b can be opened.

In the middle region of the carbonization furnace 3 in the length direction,

partition shutters

41, 42, 43 for partitioning the internal space are provided so as to be openable and closable.

In the carbonization furnace 3, an end shutter 40, a first partition shutter 41, a second partition shutter 42, a third partition shutter 43, and an end shutter 44 are arranged in this order, and these adjacent shutters are carbonized together. When the five

shutters

40, 41, 42, 43, 44 are closed (moved downward) by being spaced apart at equal intervals in the length direction of the furnace 3, the internal space of the carbonization furnace 3 Are, in order from the one opening (inlet) 3a side to the other opening (outlet) 3b side, the first independent internal space 51, the second independent internal space 52, the third independent internal space 53, and the fourth independent Four independent internal spaces (independent sealed spaces) of the internal space 54 are formed (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

A shutter opening / closing cylinder 16B is mounted on the upper surface wall of the carbonization furnace 3 at a position corresponding to the position where the first partition shutter 41 is mounted, and the first partition shutter 41 is driven by the opening / closing cylinder 16B. Can be moved up and down.

A shutter opening / closing cylinder 16C is attached to a position corresponding to a position where the second partition shutter 42 is attached on the upper surface wall of the carbonization furnace 3, and the second partition shutter 42 is driven by driving the opening / closing cylinder 16C. Can be moved up and down.

A shutter opening / closing cylinder 16D is mounted on the upper surface wall of the carbonization furnace 3 at a position corresponding to the position where the third partition shutter 43 is mounted, and the third partition shutter 43 is driven by driving the opening / closing cylinder 16D. Can be moved up and down.

排気 Openable and closable exhaust ports 11 are provided in a first region (region in which the first independent internal space 51 is formed) W on the upper surface wall of the carbonization furnace 3. An exhaust port 11 that can be opened and closed is provided in a second region X (region in which the second independent internal space 52 is formed) in the upper surface wall of the carbonization furnace 3. An exhaust port 11 that can be freely opened and closed is provided in a third region (region in which the third independent internal space 53 is formed) Y on the upper surface wall of the carbonization furnace 3.

In the fourth region (region in which the fourth independent internal space 54 is formed) Z on the upper wall of the carbonization furnace 3, two openable / closable vents 19 are provided. Furthermore, one end of the exhaust duct 12 is connected to the fourth region Z on the upper surface wall of the carbonization furnace 3, and the exhaust fan 13 is attached to the other end of the exhaust duct 12 (see FIG. 4). Exhaust from the exhaust fan 13 is performed through an exhaust chimney pipe 18 whose upper end is opened (see FIG. 4). That is, by driving the exhaust fan 13 with the vent 19 open, the gas in the fourth independent internal space 54 can be exhausted through the exhaust duct 12 and the exhaust chimney pipe 18. The independent internal space 54 can be air-cooled.

An inspection window 15 that can be freely opened and closed is provided on the side wall of the carbonization furnace 3. The inspection window 15 is made of a transparent material such as glass. Through this inspection window 15, the inside of the carbonization furnace 3 during the carbonization process can be observed and inspected.

The transfer conveyors 31, 32, 33, and 34 are installed in the internal space of the carbonization furnace 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). That is, the first transfer conveyor 31, the second transfer conveyor 32, the third transfer conveyor 33, and the fourth transfer conveyor 34 are sequentially arranged from one opening (entrance) 3a side to the other opening (exit) 3b side. Has been placed.

The first transfer conveyor includes a pair of

transfer conveyors

31 and 31 spaced in the width direction of the carbonization furnace 3. The second transfer conveyor includes a pair of

transfer conveyors

32 and 32 that are separated in the width direction of the carbonization furnace 3. The third transfer conveyor includes a pair of

transfer conveyors

33 and 33 spaced in the width direction of the carbonization furnace 3. On the other hand, the fourth transfer conveyor is composed of a pair of

transfer conveyors

34 and 34 arranged at close positions without being separated in the width direction of the carbonization furnace 3.

The first transfer conveyor 31 can be driven (reciprocated) independently by the conveyor driving device 14A (different from other transfer conveyors). The second transfer conveyor 32 can be driven (reciprocated) independently by the conveyor driving device 14B (different from other transfer conveyors). The third transfer conveyor 33 can be driven (reciprocated) independently by the conveyor driving device 14C (different from other transfer conveyors). The fourth transfer conveyor 34 can be driven (reciprocated) independently by the conveyor driving device 14D (different from other transfer conveyors).

The firewood supply conveyor is composed of a pair of

transfer conveyors

30, 30 spaced in the width direction of the carbonization furnace 3. The discharge conveyor includes a pair of

discharge conveyors

35 and 35 that are separated in the width direction of the carbonization furnace 3.

The supply conveyor 30 can be driven (reciprocating drive) independently by a conveyor drive device 14X (different from other transfer conveyors), and the discharge conveyor 35 can be driven by a conveyor drive device 14Y (what other transfer conveyors are). ) It can be driven independently (reciprocating drive).

The pair of supply conveyors 30,

transfer conveyors

31, 32, 33, 34, and discharge conveyors 35 can support the container 2 from below and sequentially transfer from the inlet 3a side to the outlet 3b side.

収容 The storage container 2 is a container for storing organic substances such as food waste. The storage container 2 only needs to have an opening in at least a part (preferably an upper position) of the container. In the present embodiment, the storage container 2 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container having an open upper surface. A plurality of small holes 2a are formed in a part of the bottom surface of the container 2 (horizontal plane portion 2C in the center of the bottom surface) (see FIG. 5). That is, a plurality of small holes 2a are formed in the bottom surface of the container 2 in at least a part of a region corresponding to the gap 36 between the pair of transfer conveyors during transfer (see FIGS. 3 and 5). ). Although it does not specifically limit as a raw material of the said container 2, For example, a metal (iron, stainless steel, etc.), a ceramic, etc. are mentioned. The bottom surface of the container 2 is composed of a central horizontal surface portion 2C and a pair of left and right

inclined surface portions

2B and 2B that are inclined outward from both ends of the horizontal surface portion 2C (see FIGS. 3 and 5). ). Accordingly, the molten metal (metal component mixed in the organic substance) generated in the container 2 by the carbonization treatment with superheated steam flows toward the central horizontal surface portion 2C due to the inclination of the inclined surface portion 2B. It passes through the small hole 2a of the horizontal surface portion 2C, falls downward, and is recovered in the metal recovery container 8 (see FIG. 3).

The size of the small hole 2a is not particularly limited, but the long diameter (diameter in the case of a circle and diagonal length in the case of a square) is preferably set to 0.1 mm to 10 mm. In particular, the long diameter of the small hole 2a is particularly preferably set to 2 mm to 5 mm.

Further, a mounting plate 9 is mounted in the internal space of the container 2 (see FIGS. 3 and 5). The mounting plate 9 has a plurality of holes 9a (see FIG. 5). In the present embodiment, a plurality of holes 9a are formed over the entire surface of the mounting plate 9 (see FIG. 5). The size of the hole 9a is not particularly limited, but the long diameter (diameter in the case of a circle and diagonal length in the case of a square) is preferably set to 7 mm to 15 mm. By placing such a placement plate 9 in the internal space of the container 2, it is possible to prevent a slightly large foreign substance or the like mixed in the organic matter from moving downward from the placement plate 9. In addition, since the inclined surface portion 2B exists on the bottom surface of the storage container 2, even when the mounting plate 9 is placed in the internal space of the storage container 2, the horizontal surface portion of the mounting plate 9 and the bottom surface of the storage container 2 A space is secured between 2C (see FIGS. 3 and 5).

The boiler 6 is a device that generates water vapor from water. The steam generated by the boiler 6 is transferred to the superheated steam generator 4 through the communication pipe 17. That is, the boiler 6 and the superheated steam generator 4 are connected by the communication pipe 17 (see FIG. 1). Although it does not specifically limit as the said boiler 6, For example, a once-through steam boiler etc. are mentioned.

The superheated steam generator 4 is a device that generates superheated steam from steam. That is, the superheated steam generator 4 generates superheated steam from the steam transferred from the boiler 6. In this embodiment, one superheated steam generator 4 connected in the first independent internal space 51, one superheated steam generator 4 connected in the second independent internal space 52, the third A total of three superheated steam generators 4 connected in the independent internal space 53 are provided. Accordingly, the boiler 6 is also divided into one boiler 6 connected to the first independent internal space 51, one boiler 6 connected to the second independent internal space 52, and the third independent internal space 53. A total of three boilers 6 are connected.

The superheated steam generator 4 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an induction superheated steam generator. Examples of the temperature of the superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator 4 include 700 ° C., but are not particularly limited to such conditions. In order to sufficiently carbonize the organic matter, it is preferable that the superheated steam generator 4 generates superheated steam at 150 ° C. or higher. In particular, it is particularly preferable to generate the superheated steam at 160 ° C. to 1000 ° C. with the superheated steam generator 4 in order to sufficiently perform the carbonization treatment of the organic substance while suppressing the energy cost.

一端 One end of the supply pipe section 5 is connected to the superheated steam generator 4, and the other end is opened in the internal space of the carbonization furnace 3. That is, the front end opening 5 a of the supply pipe unit 5 is disposed at a position below the transfer conveyor in the carbonization furnace 3. Thus, the supply pipe unit 5 supplies the superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator 4 into the carbonization furnace 3.

加熱 A heating device 7 is further provided for heating a midway position of the supply pipe section 5 outside the carbonization furnace 3 (see FIGS. 1 to 3). In the present embodiment, a heating burner is used as the heating device 7.

金属 A metal recovery container 8 is disposed below the gap 36 between the pair of third transfer conveyors 33, 33 (see FIG. 3). Further, a metal recovery container 8 is disposed at a position below the gap 36 between the pair of

second transfer conveyors

32, 32. Further, a metal recovery container 8 is disposed at a position below the gap 36 between the pair of

first transfer conveyors

31, 31. The metal recovery container 8 is a container having an open upper surface (see FIG. 6). The metal recovery container 8 is a container for recovering metal that passes through the small hole 2a on the bottom surface of the storage container 2 (and further passes through the gap 36). Each of the metal recovery containers 8 is set to a size that can cover a region corresponding to one end side from the other end side in the length direction of the gap 36 of each transfer conveyor so that the falling metal can be recovered without leakage. ing. The metal recovery container 8 includes a recess 8A for forming an ingot at the center in the lengthwise direction, and a pair of front and rear inclined surfaces connected to the upper edge of the recess 8A so that molten metal flows toward the recess 8A for forming the

ingot

8c and 8c are provided (see FIG. 6). Thus, the molten metal that has flowed into the metal recovery container 8 flows on the

inclined surfaces

8c and 8c toward the ingot-forming recess 8A and is stored in the ingot-forming recess 8A. The bottom plate 8b of the ingot-forming recess 8A is removable, and the metal ingot solidified through cooling (usually stopping the operation of the apparatus 1 to cool down) in the ingot-forming recess 8A By removing the bottom plate 8b, the bottom plate 8b is pulled down and collected.

In the present embodiment, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe part 5 into the first independent internal space 51 is controlled to be 500 ° C. The temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe part 5 in the second independent internal space 52 is controlled to be 900 ° C. Further, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe part 5 into the third independent internal space 53 is controlled to be 1200 ° C. The temperature of the superheated steam supplied into each of the independent internal spaces is merely an example, and is not particularly limited to such conditions.

In the fourth independent internal space 54, the exhaust fan 13 is driven and exhaust is performed through the exhaust duct 12 and the exhaust chimney pipe 18, whereby the fourth independent internal space 54 is cooled by air. (See FIG. 4). That is, in the fourth independent internal space 54, air is cooled by newly taking in external air from the vent hole 19 with the exhaust.

Next, an example of a method for carbonizing an organic substance using the carbonization apparatus 1 of the present invention will be described.

The organic matter to be carbonized is not particularly limited. For example, food waste (food waste, food scraps, etc.), wood (including railway sleepers), plastic, fishing nets, substrates (ICs) Substrate etc.), tires and the like.

First, during the carbonization treatment, the exhaust port 11 of the carbonization treatment furnace 3 is opened, and the vent hole 19 of the carbonization treatment furnace 3 is also opened.

The four storage containers 2 storing the organic substances to be processed are placed on the supply conveyor 30 and transferred, and then transferred to the first transfer conveyor 31 and further transferred, so that the storage containers 2 of the carbonization furnace 3 are transferred. It is arranged in one area W.

Thereafter, the end shutter 40 and the first partition shutter 41 are closed to form the first independent internal space 51. Carbonization of the organic matter in the container 2 is advanced by supplying superheated steam at 500 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the tip opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the first independent internal space 51. At this time, if metals such as tin, lead, lithium, magnesium, zirconium, gold, silver, copper, and neodymium are mixed in the organic matter, tin, lead, lithium, etc. are melted by superheated steam at 500 ° C. Then, it passes through the small hole 2 a on the bottom surface of the storage container 2 and falls and is recovered in the metal recovery container 8 in the first independent internal space 51.

Next, the end shutter 40 and the first partition shutter 41 are opened, and the container 2 in the first independent internal space 51 is transferred by the first transfer conveyor 31, then transferred to the next second transfer conveyor 32 and further transferred. By doing so, these four storage containers 2 are arranged in the second region X of the carbonization furnace 3. At the same time, four new containers 2 containing the organic substances to be processed are placed on the supply conveyor 30 and transferred to the next first transfer conveyor 31 for further transfer. A suitable container 2 is placed in the first region W of the carbonization furnace 3.

Thereafter, the end shutter 40, the first partition shutter 41, and the second partition shutter 42 are closed to form the first independent internal space 51 and the second independent internal space 52. By supplying superheated steam at 500 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the tip opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the first independent internal space 51, the carbonization of the organic matter in the container 2 is advanced. In parallel with this, carbonization of organic matter in the container 2 is performed by supplying superheated steam at 900 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the tip opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the second independent internal space 52. The process proceeds further. In the second independent internal space 52, among metals mixed in organic matter (for example, magnesium, zirconium, gold, silver, copper, neodymium, etc.), magnesium, zirconium, etc. are melted by superheated steam at 900 ° C., It passes through the small hole 2 a on the bottom surface of the storage container 2 and falls and is recovered in the metal recovery container 8 in the second independent internal space 52. In the first independent internal space 51, among the metals mixed in the organic matter, tin, lead, lithium, and the like are melted by superheated steam at 500 ° C., and the bottom surface of the container 2 is small. It falls through the hole 2 a and is recovered in the metal recovery container 8 in the first independent internal space 51.

Next, the end shutter 40, the first partition shutter 41, and the second partition shutter 42 are opened, and the container 2 in the second independent internal space 52 is transferred by the second transfer conveyor 32, and the next third transfer conveyor These four containers 2 are placed in the third region Y of the carbonization furnace 3 by moving to 33 and further transferring. At the same time, the storage containers 2 in the first independent internal space 51 are transferred by the first transfer conveyor 31, transferred to the next second transfer conveyor 32, and further transferred, so that these four storage containers 2 is placed in the second region X of the carbonization furnace 3. At the same time, a new container 2 containing the organic matter to be treated is placed on the supply conveyor 30 and transferred to the next first transfer conveyor 31 for further transfer. The container 2 is placed in the first region W of the carbonization furnace 3.

Thereafter, the end shutter 40, the first partition shutter 41, the second partition shutter 42, and the third partition shutter 43 are closed, and the first independent internal space 51, the second independent internal space 52, and the third independent internal space 53 are formed. Let it form. By supplying superheated steam at 500 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the tip opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the first independent internal space 51, the carbonization of the organic matter in the container 2 is advanced. In parallel with this, carbonization of organic matter in the container 2 is performed by supplying superheated steam at 900 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the tip opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the second independent internal space 52. The process proceeds further. In parallel with these, by supplying superheated steam at 1200 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the front end opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the third independent internal space 53, the organic matter in the container 2. The carbonization treatment of is further advanced. In the third independent internal space 53, when gold, silver, copper, neodymium, etc. are mixed in the organic matter, these gold, silver, copper, neodymium, etc. are melted by superheated steam at 1200 ° C. It passes through the small hole 2 a on the bottom surface of the metal and drops and is recovered in the metal recovery container 8 in the third independent internal space 53. In the second independent internal space 52, as described above, among metals (eg, magnesium, zirconium, gold, silver, copper, neodymium, etc.) mixed in organic matter, magnesium, zirconium, etc. are overheated at 900 ° C. While being melted by water vapor and passing through the small hole 2a on the bottom surface of the storage container 2, it falls and is recovered in the metal recovery container 8 in the second independent internal space 52, while in the first independent internal space 51, Similarly to the above, among metals (eg, tin, lead, lithium, magnesium, zirconium, gold, silver, copper, neodymium, etc.) mixed in organic matter, tin, lead, lithium, etc. are melted by superheated steam at 500 ° C. Then, it passes through the small hole 2 a on the bottom surface of the storage container 2 and falls and is recovered in the metal recovery container 8 in the first independent internal space 51.

Next, the end shutter 40, the first partition shutter 41, the second partition shutter 42, and the third partition shutter 43 are opened, and the container 2 in the third independent internal space 53 is transferred by the third transfer conveyor 33, These four containers 2 are placed in the fourth region Z of the carbonization furnace 3 by being transferred to the next fourth transfer conveyor 34 and further transferred. At the same time, the storage containers 2 in the second independent internal space 52 are transferred by the second transfer conveyor 32, transferred to the next third transfer conveyor 33, and further transferred. 2 is placed in the third region Y of the carbonization furnace 3. At the same time, the storage containers 2 in the first independent internal space 51 are transferred by the first transfer conveyor 31, transferred to the next second transfer conveyor 32, and further transferred, so that these four storage containers 2 is placed in the second region X of the carbonization furnace 3. In parallel with these, four new containers 2 containing organic substances to be processed are placed on the supply conveyor 30 and transferred to the next first transfer conveyor 31 for further transfer, A new container 2 is placed in the first region W of the carbonization furnace 3.

After that, the end shutter 40, the first partition shutter 41, the second partition shutter 42, the third partition shutter 43, and the end shutter 44 are closed, and the first independent internal space 51, the second independent internal space 52, the third An independent internal space 53 and a fourth independent internal space 54 are formed. By supplying superheated steam at 500 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the tip opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the first independent internal space 51, the carbonization of the organic matter in the container 2 is advanced. In parallel with this, carbonization of organic matter in the container 2 is performed by supplying superheated steam at 900 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the tip opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the second independent internal space 52. The process proceeds further. In parallel with these, by supplying superheated steam at 1200 ° C. for a predetermined time (for example, 14 minutes) from the front end opening 5 a of the supply pipe portion 5 into the third independent internal space 53, the organic matter in the container 2. The carbonization treatment of is further advanced. In parallel with these, the exhaust fan 13 is driven in the fourth independent internal space 54 to discharge the gas in the internal space 54 to the outside through the exhaust duct 12 and the exhaust chimney pipe 18. Then, external air is newly taken into the fourth independent internal space 54 through the vent 19 and the atmosphere, carbides, etc. in the fourth independent internal space 54 are air-cooled.

Next, the end shutter 40, the first partition shutter 41, the second partition shutter 42, the third partition shutter 43, and the end shutter 44 are opened, and the container 2 in the fourth independent internal space 54 is transferred to the fourth transfer conveyor. 34, it moves to the following discharge conveyor 35, and the carbonization process of the organic substance in this container 2 is complete | finished. Carbide (charcoal) obtained by carbonization is present in the container 2 discharged to the discharge conveyor 35.

In the case where iron is mixed in the organic matter, the melting point of iron is as high as 1535 ° C., so that iron is not collected in the metal collection container 8 and is contained in the container 2 discharged to the discharge conveyor 35. Recovered together with carbides (charcoal). Further, even when nickel, chromium, cobalt, and manganese are mixed in the organic matter, these metal components are not collected in the metal collection container 8 but are contained in the container 2 discharged to the discharge conveyor 35. Recovered together with carbides (charcoal).

Hereinafter, by sequentially repeating the above-described operations, the organic matter in the multiple storage containers 2 can be continuously carbonized, and tin, lead, in the metal recovery container 8 in the first independent internal space 51 can be obtained. Lithium or the like can be recovered, magnesium, zirconium, or the like can be recovered in the metal recovery container 8 in the second independent internal space 52, gold in the metal recovery container 8 in the third independent internal space 53, Silver, copper, neodymium, etc. can be recovered. Thus, the organic substance can be efficiently carbonized, and the metal present in the organic substance can be separated and recovered from the organic substance (carbide). Furthermore, by making the temperature of the superheated steam supplied to each independent internal space different, the metal in the organic matter can be separated into two or more groups and recovered.

It is preferable that the temperature of the superheated steam to be diffused from the tip opening 5a of the supply pipe part 5 is 150 ° C. or higher. In particular, the temperature of the superheated steam to be diffused from the tip opening 5a of the supply pipe 5 is particularly preferably 160 ° C. to 1000 ° C. In this case, the energy cost can be suppressed and the organic matter can be sufficiently carbonized. .

Note that the organic carbonization method is merely an example, and is not particularly limited to such an embodiment.

Next, another embodiment of the organic carbonization apparatus according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. In this embodiment, the condenser 61, one end connected to the carbonization furnace 3, the other end connected to the condenser 61, and the condensate condensed in the condenser 61 are recovered. The configuration further differs from the configuration of the embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 4) in that it further includes a recovery container 63. There are other differences, which will be described in the following order. Note that the same components as those in the above embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 4) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

一端 One end of the recovery pipe 62 is connected to the exhaust port 11 of the carbonization furnace 3 (see FIGS. 7 and 9). Further, a catalytic reactor 64 is provided in the middle of the recovery pipe 62 (see FIGS. 7 and 9).

The condenser 61 is a device that condenses the vaporized component into a liquid. In this embodiment, a water-cooling apparatus is employed. The condenser 61 condenses the vaporized components (water vapor, pyrolysis components from organic substances, light oil components, heavy oil components, kerosene components, etc.) transferred from the carbonization furnace 3 through the recovery pipe 62 to form a liquid ( Condensate).

The recovery container 63 is disposed below the condenser 61 and recovers the liquid (condensate) falling from the condenser 61 (see FIG. 9).

塩素 Chlorine, acid, etc., among the vaporized components flowing through the recovery pipe 62 can be removed by the catalytic reactor 64. The catalyst component used in the catalyst reactor 64 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include iron oxide and sodium hydroxide.

In this embodiment, since various vaporized components in the carbonization furnace 3 can be collected in the collection container 63 (can be collected without being released to the external environment), the environmental load can be reduced. Furthermore, since chlorine, acid, and the like can be removed by the catalytic reactor 64, there is an advantage that the condensate (recovered liquid) recovered in the recovery container 63 can be easily used.

In the present embodiment, the superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator 4 is supplied into the carbonization furnace 3 via the supply pipe part 5, but the supply pipe part 5 is outside the carbonization process furnace 3. The upper supply pipe 5X branches into an upper supply pipe 5X and a lower supply pipe 5Y, and the upper supply pipe 5X extends from one end side to the other end side in the width direction at the upper position of the internal space of the carbonization furnace 3, while The supply pipe 5Y extends from one end side to the other end side in the width direction at a lower position of the internal space of the carbonization furnace 3 (see FIG. 9). The upper supply pipe 5X is provided with eight superheated steam injection nozzles 20 spaced apart from each other in the width direction, and the lower supply pipe 5Y is provided with nine superheated steam injection nozzles 21 in the width direction. They are spaced apart (see FIG. 9). Thus, the superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator 4 is dissipated from the superheated

steam injection nozzles

20 and 21 through the supply pipe portion 5, whereby the inside of the carbonization furnace 3 is superheated steam. It is filled and the carbonization process of the organic substance in the storage container 2 is performed.

In the present embodiment, in addition to the first to fourth independent

internal spaces

71, 72, 73, 74, the fifth independent internal space 75 can be formed on the downstream side. That is, in FIGS. 7 and 8, 45 is a fourth partition shutter, 37 is a fifth transfer conveyor, and V is a fifth region.

In this embodiment, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe portion 5 into the first independent internal space 71 is controlled to be 150 ° C. to 500 ° C. (for example, 500 ° C.). The temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe unit 5 in the second independent internal space 72 is controlled to be 300 ° C. to 900 ° C. (for example, 900 ° C.). Further, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe portion 5 in the third independent internal space 73 is controlled to be 500 ° C. to 1200 ° C. (for example, 1200 ° C.). Further, the temperature of the superheated steam supplied from the supply pipe portion 5 into the fourth independent internal space 74 is controlled to be 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. (for example, 110 ° C.). The temperature of the superheated steam supplied into each of the independent internal spaces is merely an example, and is not particularly limited to such conditions.

In the fifth independent internal space 75, the exhaust fan 13 is driven to exhaust air through the exhaust duct 12, whereby the inside of the fifth independent internal space 75 is cooled by air (FIG. 7, 10). That is, in the fifth independent internal space 75, the outside air is newly taken in from the vent hole 19 along with the exhaust, whereby air cooling is performed (see FIGS. 7 and 10).

The organic carbonization apparatus according to the present invention is suitably used for carbonizing food waste such as garbage and food scraps, but is not particularly limited to such applications. For example, wood It can also be used for carbonizing plastics (including railroad sleepers), plastics, fishing nets, substrates (IC substrates, etc.) and tires.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Organic carbonization apparatus 2 ... Container 2a ... Small hole 3 ... Carbonization furnace 3a ... Opening (inlet)
3b ... Opening (exit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 ... Superheated steam generator 5 ... Supply pipe part 5a ... Tip opening part 7 ... Heating device 8 ... Metal recovery container 31 ... 1st transfer conveyor 32 ... 2nd transfer conveyor 33 ... 3rd transfer conveyor 34 ... 4th transfer conveyor 37 ... 5th transfer conveyor 40 ... end shutter 41 ... first partition shutter 42 ... second partition shutter 43 ... third partition shutter 44 ... end shutter 45 ...

fourth partition shutter

51, 71 ... first independent

internal space

52, 72 ... 2nd independent

internal space

53, 73 ... 3rd independent

internal space

54, 74 ... 4th independent internal space 75 ... 5th independent internal space 61 ... Condenser 62 ... Recovery pipe 63 ... Recovery container 64 ... Catalytic reactor

Claims

A storage container for storing organic matter;
A transfer conveyor for transferring the container;
A carbonization furnace comprising a tubular body having openings at both ends in the length direction;
A superheated steam generator;
A supply pipe for supplying superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator to the inside of the carbonization furnace,
An organic carbonization apparatus, wherein the transfer conveyor is installed inside the carbonization furnace.
The organic carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a tip opening of the supply pipe is disposed below the transfer conveyor in the carbonization furnace.
End shutters that are openable and closable are provided at opening portions at both ends of the carbonization furnace, and a partition shutter that partitions an internal space is provided to be openable and closable in an intermediate region in the longitudinal direction of the carbonization furnace. Item 3. The organic carbonization apparatus according to Item 1 or 2.
4. The organic carbonization apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the partition shutters are provided, and the partition shutters are spaced apart from each other in the length direction of the carbonization furnace.
In the carbonization furnace, superheated steam is supplied from the supply pipe part to each of a plurality of independent internal spaces formed by closing the end shutter and the partition shutter, The temperature of the superheated steam supplied to the independent internal space is controlled so as to be different for each independent internal space, and is controlled so as to be higher on the downstream side in the transfer direction of the container. 4. An apparatus for carbonizing organic matter according to 4.
The organic carbonization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the transfer conveyor includes a pair of transfer conveyors separated in a width direction of the carbonization furnace.
The organic carbonization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of small holes are formed in at least a part of a region corresponding to a gap between the pair of transfer conveyors at the time of transfer on a bottom surface of the storage container. .
The organic carbonization apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a metal recovery container that recovers metal falling through a small hole in the bottom surface of the storage container at a position below the gap between the pair of transfer conveyors.
The organic carbonization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a heating device that heats an intermediate position outside the carbonization furnace in the supply pipe section.
A condenser,
A recovery pipe having one end connected to the carbonization furnace and the other end connected to the condenser;
10. The organic carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a recovery container that recovers the condensate condensed by the condenser.
The organic carbonization apparatus according to claim 10, further comprising a catalytic reactor disposed in the middle of the recovery pipe.
A step of transferring the container containing the organic matter into the internal space of the carbonization furnace made of a tubular body having openings at both ends in the length direction by a conveyor;
Carbonizing the organic matter by supplying superheated steam into the carbonization furnace after the transfer; and
And a step of discharging the storage container to the outside of the carbonization furnace by a conveyor after the carbonization process.
The organic material is an organic material containing a metal,
As the storage container, using a storage container in which a plurality of small holes are formed in a part of the bottom surface,
The method for carbonizing an organic substance according to claim 12, wherein in the carbonizing step, molten metal that passes through a small hole on the bottom surface of the storage container and falls is collected in a metal recovery container.
14. The method for carbonizing an organic substance according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the temperature of the superheated steam is 150 ° C or higher.
The method for carbonizing an organic substance according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the organic substance is food waste.