WO2013006878A1

WO2013006878A1 - Cooling/heating device

Info

Publication number: WO2013006878A1
Application number: PCT/AT2012/050093
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Schön; Marko Mihovilovic; Michael SCHNÜRCH
Original assignee: Technische Universität Wien
Priority date: 2011-07-08
Filing date: 2012-07-04
Publication date: 2013-01-17
Also published as: AT511647B1; CN103781550B; AU2012283720A1; AT511647A1; EP2729254A1; US20140208772A1; CN103781550A; AU2012283720B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for cooling or heating vessels and containers for carrying out chemical or physical reactions, wherein the device comprises the following components in a vertical direction from top to bottom: a heat-conductive cooling or heating plate (1); at least one Peltier element (2, 3, 4) equipped with electrical connections (7); optionally at least one heat-conductive separator plate (5) between two Peltier elements (2, 4) respectively; a heat-conductive thermoblock (6), through which one or more fluid channels (8) pass, for dissipation and supply of heat from and to the at least one Peltier element (2, 3, 4); and an external control unit for the at least one Peltier element (2, 3, 4); wherein the components (1) to (6) rest on top of one another and are therefore in direct planar contact with one another.

Description

Cooling / heating device

The present invention relates to a device for cooling or heating vessels and containers for carrying out chemical or physical reactions using the Peltier effect.

STATE OF THE ART

The Peltier effect is understood to mean that in a pair of thermocouples made of different materials ("Peltier element"), one thermocouple flows through and becomes warm. This means that when using Peltier elements as cooling or heating devices on the side facing away from the object to be cooled or heated, i. E. The "back" of the Peltier element dissipated heat in cooling mode, heat must be supplied in heating mode, however. Normally, this heat compensation takes place by means of the ambient air.

Devices using Peltier elements for heating or cooling reaction vessels are known in large numbers. For example, Bio Integrated Solutions, Inc. sells heating blocks equipped with Peltier modules and calibrated for operation at temperatures between -10 ° C and +120 ° C (see their website: http://www.biointsol.com/products .aspx? product = 7).

In the patent literature, for example, WO 01/05497 A1 and US 4,950,608 A1 each describe a cooling or heating device which comprises a thermally conductive plate and a thermoblock with an external control unit, which is traversed by liquid channels and elements of a resistance heater. In both documents, however, no Peltier elements are mentioned.

US 2008/286171 A1 describes a comparable device, but additionally mentions that the liquid flowing through the channels can be cooled by means of Peltier elements, which are necessarily located on the outside due to the design. DE 10 2007 057 651 A1 discloses a system for tempering samples, comprising a sequence of thermally conductive sample receiving blocks with numerous recesses for test tubes and tempering blocks, which preferably contain Peltier elements, whereby a tempering simultaneously in one direction a heating and in the other Direction can develop a cooling effect. A direct transfer of heat between the temperature blocks is not provided. The total temperature of the device should remain constant, ie there is no heat to the outside or supplied from the outside, while by means of the Peltier elements by switching the current direction alternately a heating and a cooling effect is exerted on the samples.

WO 98/50147 A1 discloses a system for carrying out chemical reactions under heating or cooling by means of Peltier elements. Two Peltier elements are provided on both sides of a reaction block which has recesses for samples. Both Peltier elements are on their side facing away from the reaction block in contact with a respective thermoblock, which is to serve as a heat storage. In operation, heat is either transferred from the reaction block to the two thermoblocks or vice versa by means of the Peltier elements. Again, no heat (to any significant extent) is removed from or supplied to the system.

DE 35 25 860 A1 describes a thermostat with a metal block, which has receiving bores for sample vessels and to which a heating and cooling device in the form of Peltier elements is attached. In this case, either only a single Peltier element is provided on the underside of the block, or else additional Peltier elements are mounted on the sides of the block. While the possible temperature range is -60 ° C to +60 ° C, there is no proof of this, as there are no concrete examples. The disadvantage of embodiments using the ambient air is that the heat balance at the back of the Peltier element is very slow. By providing fans for the air supply can Although a slight improvement can be achieved, satisfactory results are still not obtained, in particular in the cooling mode. That is, it does not reach those temperatures which are desirable for cryogenic reactions, eg in chemical laboratories, such as temperatures in the range of those of ice / saline cold mixes, ie of -20 ° C or below, or of dry ice Cold mixes, ie in the range of -70 ° C. In addition, the fans sometimes cause a very high noise pollution.

DE 2 013 973 A1 discloses a thermostat which can be thermally influenced by means of a plurality of Peltier aggregates arranged next to one another. At the back of the Peltieraggregate a heat exchanger is provided for cooling, which is operable either by water or by air cooling. The air cooling should use in case of failure of the water cooling, for which purpose preferably in turn a switchable fan is provided. This air cooling is intended to ensure that "long-term examinations can be carried out without constant monitoring and without danger of interruption". Obviously, water cooling and (possibly fan-assisted) air cooling are considered equivalent. The achievable by means of such a thermostat temperatures are not specified.

Therefore, DE 2 013 973 A1 can not solve the above object of achieving low temperatures in a reaction block by means of Peltier elements, the optional fan in turn causes a certain noise level, and moreover the thermostat disclosed in this document would not be suitable for continuous operation Heating mode suitable because the supply of heat from the ambient air is insufficient for this purpose.

The aim of the invention was therefore to provide a device by means of which the above object, by means of one and the same device to cool a reaction block to very low temperatures, but sometimes also to be able to solve solved. Contrary to the teachings of the prior art, the inventors of the present application have now found in the course of their research and proven that water and air cooling are by no means equivalent, but by water cooling significant improvements in the performance of Peltierelemen- th are achievable, especially in cases in which several Peltier elements are arranged next to or in particular one above the other.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Thus, the invention relates to a device for cooling vessels and containers for carrying out chemical or physical reactions, including tubular reactors, such as e.g. Capillary reactors, the device comprising in vertical direction from top to bottom the following components:

• a thermally conductive cooling or heating plate;

At least one Peltier element provided with electrical connections; If appropriate, at least one thermally conductive separating plate between in each case two Peltier elements;

A thermally conductive thermoblock, penetrated by one or more fluid channels, for the removal or supply of heat from or to the at least one Peltier element; and

An external control unit for the at least one Peltier element;

wherein the cooling or heating plate, the one or more Peltier element (s), the optional partition plate and the thermoblock rest on each other and so are in direct, surface contact with each other. By providing a thermoblock with a permanent liquid cooling or heating for one or more Peltier elements, which are in full-surface contact with the thermoblock and the overlying cooling or heating plate, in combination with the control unit for the supplied electrical energy could Performance of the device can be optimized as a whole, as will be explained in detail in the following examples. Even with the simplest guide embodiment of the invention with only a single Peltier element temperatures below -30 ° C could be achieved in the cooling mode.

Furthermore, temperature changes, e.g. Switching from cooling to heating mode, by the liquid cooling much faster executable, especially when the serving as a cooling or heating medium liquid outside the device is pre-cooled or -heated, which in the case of air cooling or heating due to the significantly poorer thermal Properties associated with considerable equipment and cost would be. For economic reasons, of course, water is preferably used as the liquid medium.

Especially when using a plurality of Peltier elements, which rest side by side on the thermoblock and / or can be arranged one above the other - wherein the number of juxtaposed or superimposed elements is not particularly limited and depends inter alia on the respective desired dimensions and the geometry - This temperature can be moved much further down. Thus, for a two-stage embodiment, i. with superposed Peltier elements, achievable cooling temperatures in the range of -70 ° C found. In the latter embodiments with two or more superimposed Peltier elements, a Peltier element serves to heat balance the overlying element. The elements are preferably separated from one another by a respective heat-conducting separating plate, with which they are in direct, surface contact, in order to avoid direct electrical contact.

The actual Peltier elements are further preferably each embedded in a plate made of a material which electrically and thermally insulates the element and protects it against external influences, preferably cork. As a result, in addition to the electrical insulation, the heat flow in the vertical direction is concentrated, and the elements are protected against damage. According to the present invention, a block can be placed on the cooling or heating plate, in which one or more recesses for receiving reaction vessels or containers can be provided, or the plate itself is designed as a block, which in turn may have corresponding recesses. As a result, the device is very variable to a variety of reaction vessels and containers customizable.

For the purposes of the present invention, reaction vessels and containers are understood as meaning all containers in which chemical or physical reactions can take place, including sample tubes, flasks, bottles, microtiter plates, tube reactors or tubular reactors, such as e.g. Capillary reactors, etc., without being limited thereto.

In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the chemical or physical reactions may occur directly in "recesses" of the blocks, i. the attachable block or running as a block cooling or heating plate can itself serve as a reaction vessel. As a tubular reactor, i. provided with a more or less thin, continuous channel, thus, the block can serve as a flow cell.

The liquid channels in the thermoblock, the recesses in the block or cooling plate or those in a block to be placed on the plate are preferably bores or cutouts provided therein. These are easy and inexpensive to produce.

The materials for the components of the device are not particularly limited as long as sufficient heat conduction from one component to another is ensured. With regard to the thermal conductivity, the cooling or heating plate, the thermoblock and optionally the separating plate are preferably made of aluminum, copper or alloys of these metals, with aluminum and its alloys being particularly preferred. As alloys, preference is given to those having non-ferromagnetic alloying partners. However, in cases where the cooling or heating plate is designed as a reaction block, this may, for example, from other alloys, such as stainless steel or Hastelloy, made of glass or plastics, such as polytetrafluoroethylene or polyamide exist. Although these are distinguished by significantly lower thermal conductivities than, for example, aluminum or copper, they are far more inert with respect to the reactions to be carried out therein. Optionally, the thermal conductivity of the material by doping or additives, such as metal powder or chips, be increased, which can be achieved relatively easily, especially in plastics. The same material options also apply to a separate reaction block to be placed on the plate.

In preferred embodiments of the invention, a heat transfer-promoting medium is provided between individual components of the device in order to further increase the performance. This is not particularly limited and may include, for example, any known thermal grease, fluid, and the like, such as e.g. Zinc oxide or aluminum, copper or silver components containing silicone oils, without being limited thereto.

Preferably, the individual, superimposed components are glued or screwed together, in particular screwed to be secured against slipping. When using a thermal grease or the like, this can serve as an adhesive at the same time.

Furthermore, in preferred embodiments of the device according to the invention, the edges of the superimposed components are aligned with each other, so as to minimize the surface of the device as a whole and to reduce the heat exchange with the environment. The cross-sectional shape of the device and the individual components is not particularly limited in general. However, because of their ease of manufacture and storability, rectangular or square shapes and a circular shape for reasons of surface minimization are particularly expedient. Either only the cooling or heating plate or more Components can / can also be adapted in shape to those of conventional laboratory equipment or reaction vessels.

Finally, in preferred embodiments of the device at the outer ends of the fluid channels in the thermoblock hose or pipe connections are provided in order to ensure a simple and rapid startup and safe operation.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in concrete exemplary embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 shows a side view of a simple embodiment of the device according to the invention.

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the embodiment of FIG. 1. FIG.

Fig. 3 is an exploded isometric view of the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 obliquely from above.

Fig. 4 is an exploded isometric view of the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 3 obliquely from below.

Fig. 5 is a side view of another embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Fig. 6 is an isometric view of another embodiment.

Fig. 7 is an exploded isometric view of the embodiment of Fig. 6 obliquely from above.

Fig. 8 is an exploded isometric view of the embodiment of Figs. 6 and 7 obliquely from below.

Fig. 9 is an isometric view of a block for receiving reaction vessels.

Fig. 10 is an isometric view of a block for receiving tubular reactors.

Fig. 11 is an isometric view of another block for receiving a tubular reactor. Fig. 12 is a graphical representation of the measurements obtained in Example 1 using a device according to the present invention.

Figure 13 is a graphical representation of the values simulated in Example 2 for the device used in Example 1.

Figure 14 is a graphical representation of the values simulated in Figure 3 for a two-stage device.

Fig. 15 is a graphical representation of the computer-simulated values for the two-stage device of Example 3 in two-dimensional simulation. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In Fig. 1, a simple embodiment of the heating / cooling device of the invention is shown. At the top is a cooling or heating plate 1, in which an opening 10 for receiving a (not shown) temperature sensor is provided, wherein it is z. B. may be a simple thermometer or preferably a connected to the (not shown) control unit for the Peltier element thermocouple.

Below the plate 1 is a Peltier element 2, which is equipped with electrical connections 7 for connection to the control. The Peltier element is preferably embedded in a plate made of a material that thermally and electrically insulated the element to the outside, ie to the side. To increase the Kühlbzw. Heating power can be provided in addition to this Peltier element 2 one or more more (without these would be seen in Fig. 1). Below the Peltier element 2 is the thermoblock 6, which is designed in two parts in preferred embodiments, that includes an upper part 6a and a lower part 6b. This facilitates the production since the liquid channels 8 running inside the thermoblock can be produced more easily by (computer-controlled) milling in only one or both parts. In Fig. 1, the inlet and outlet openings of a liquid channel 8 can be seen. In a thermoblock but also several, be provided separately from each other with liquid to be fed channels. Between the individual, superimposed components 1 to 6, a (not shown) heat transfer medium is preferably provided in order to improve the heat transfer. The edges of the individual components are aligned with each other to keep the surface and thus the heat exchange with the environment low.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the same embodiment, in addition to Fig. 1 also an opening 10 for a temperature sensor and upper screws 1 1 for stable connection of the individual components are characterized with each other, the screws preferably from (not shown) sockets, eg made of polyamide or other plastics, encased in thermal insulation.

Fig. 3 is an exploded isometric view of the same embodiment obliquely from above. Therein, in addition to the two preceding drawings, lower screws 11 are now also recognizable as the circumstance that the Peltier element 2 is made in two parts. That is, the actual Peltier element 2a is embedded in a plate 2b made of a material such as plastic or preferably cork, which protects the next to the thermal and electrical insulation of the element to the outside also against mechanical or chemical damage.

Fig. 4 is an exploded isometric view again of the same embodiment obliquely from below. Here, a preferred course of the liquid channel 8 in the interior of the upper part 6a of the thermoblock is now indicated. Specifically, the channel 8 preferably runs in snake or meandering through the thermoblock to provide good heat transfer from the thermoblock to the liquid or vice versa. In Fig. 4 it can be seen that the channel on the same side of the thermoblock 6 in and out. It is indicated, assuming a liquid entry through the 8ken in the left half of the thermoblock - a meandering course of the channel 8 to the opposite side, there a change in the right half of the thermoblock and leading back to the front side, again meandering course of the channel 8 to the outlet opening 8b. Fig. 5 is a side view of a double-stage embodiment of the device according to the invention with two Peltier elements, in which between the cooling or heating plate 1 and the Peltier element 2, a further Peltier element 4 and a heat-conducting partition plate 5 are provided between the Peltier elements. This partition plate prevents direct electrical contact between the Peltier elements 2 and 4 and at the same time promotes heat transfer from one to the other. In this embodiment, the lower Peltier element 2 serves for Kühlbzw. Heating of the upper element 4 and in turn is cooled or heated by the turn two-piece thermoblock 6a, 6b.

Fig. 6 is an isometric side view of another two-step embodiment with three Peltier elements. In the lower level, a further Peltier element 3 is provided in addition to the element 2. On these two are a partition plate 5 and a central Peltier element 4. In this way, above all, the heat exchange between the Peltier elements 2 and 3 in the lower level and the thermal block is increased.

FIG. 7 is an isometric exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 6, seen obliquely from above, in which the preferred bipartite nature of the Peltier elements 2 to 4, above all of element 4, can be seen. The latter again consists of an element 4 a embedded in an insulating plate 4 b.

Fig. 8 is an exploded isometric view of the embodiment of Figs. 6 and 7 obliquely from below. Here again, the serpentine or meandering course of the liquid channel 8 can be seen through the thermoblock.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show possible embodiments of blocks of the device according to the invention for receiving reaction vessels. This may be either directly to a designed as a block cooling or hot plate or to be aufzusetzenden, a separate "reaction block". In both cases, the respective component is preferably in turn by means of screws 1 1 one or more underlying and preferably has an opening 10 for a temperature sensor.

In Fig. 9, this block 14 has circular recesses 9 in which individual reaction vessels (not shown), e.g. Pistons, vials, sample tubes and the like, housed and can be cooled or heated.

In Fig. 10, a cylindrical block is shown, which serves as a holder for a (not shown) tube or hose reactor, for example a capillary reactor. The latter is simply wrapped around the cylinder during operation. However, embodiments are also possible with a partially or completely hollow and not necessarily cylindrical block, into which reaction vessels, for example also capillary reactors, can be inserted. Fig. 1 1 shows a thermoblock with a spiral recess, eg milling, in which a tubular reactor, for example a capillary reactor, can be inserted. Such a block can be provided in operation with a cover plate to prevent the heat exchange with the environment, thus ensuring temperature stability of the reactor. Such a cover plate can be completely flat or can also have a recess, which is preferably mirror-inverted to the recess 9 in the block itself and can be brought into coincidence with the latter. In this case, both recesses together so to speak define a heating or cooling channel for the tube reactor, whose entire surface is in this way in contact with the block or the cover plate, which significantly improves the heat transfer. The material for such a cover plate is not particularly limited and may be in the case of a flat plate, for example glass, while a plate provided with a mirror-inverted recess preferably consists of the same material as the thermoblock itself, ie, for example, of aluminum. As already mentioned, however, such blocks can also serve directly as reaction vessels by allowing the thermally influenced chemical or physical reactions to proceed in corresponding cavities, for example recesses 9, of the reaction block. EXAMPLES

Examples 1 and 2 - single-stage device

A device as shown in Figs. 1 to 4 was prepared on the one hand as described below and tested in the cooling mode (Example 1), and on the other hand their performance was calculated theoretically in a computer simulation (Example 2).

example 1

Cooling plate: aluminum, 10 x 10 x 1 cm, 3.5 mm hole for one

temperature sensor

Peltier element: TEC2H-62-62-437 / 75 from Eureca Messtechnik GmbH,

Cologne, Germany, embedded in a cork plate with

10 x 10 x 0.3 cm

Thermoblock: aluminum, 10 x 10 x 2 + 1 cm height; milled into it

Snake-shaped liquid channel with a width of 6 mm, a depth of 15 mm and a total length of 547 mm, 3.5 mm hole for a temperature sensor

Screw connection: 17 (8 + 9) screws insulated with polyamide bushings

stainless steel

Temperature sensor: digital laboratory thermometer (2 x), Fluke 54-ll-B differential thermometer with 2 x 80PK-25 or 2 x 80PT-25 temperature probes

Power supply: current - controlled operation, high - performance power supply for

at least 25 V / 25 A

The entire apparatus (except the control unit) was jacketed with polystyrene foam for thermal insulation, and the thermoblock was fed with tap water at a temperature of 10-12 ° C. Then the power supply to the Peltier element was activated and the current increased in steps of 1 A. After each 5 minutes of equilibration time, the temperature of the cooling plate and of the thermoblock at the respective current intensity was determined by means of the two thermometers. ie between 0 and 20 A, measured. The measured values thus obtained were used as the temperature of the cold side "Tc" or temperature of the warm side "Th" of the Peltier element. FIG. 12 shows the values obtained with the associated compensation curves and their calculation basis.

The lowest continuously achieved temperature of the cooling plate at a current of 20 A was -31 ° C, for which a power of about 330 W was required. For a short time a temperature of -35 ° C could be measured at a current of 25 A, which could not be permanently verified due to the power limit of the power supply unit used in the experiment. However, it can be estimated from the compensation curve that, given a corresponding current intensity, the lower temperature should also be continuously achievable.

In any event, the present invention provides a cooling device that is best suited for use in cryogenic reactions.

Example 2

To verify the theoretical performance limit of the inventive device of Example 1 in the cooling mode, a computer simulation was performed using the equation below. Here, the thermal difference generated by the thermal power (as defined by the Seebeck coefficient), the amount of heat generated by current flow, and the heat loss caused by heat conduction between the cold and warm sides of the Peltier element are taken into account as follows and dynamically depending on the particular temperature customized:

Q Cooling capacity [W]

Se Seebeck coefficient [K / W]

I amperage [A]

T temperature in the Peltier element [K]

R Ohmic resistance of the Peltier element [Ω]

K thermal conductivity of the Peltier element [W / K]

ΔΤ temperature difference between the warm and the cold side of the Peltier element [K]

The following coefficients were used for the calculation, according to the data sheet of the Peltier element used:

Se (300K) 0.0826V / K

R (300 K) 0.815 Ω

K (300 K) 3.47 W / K Since the three coefficients above are dependent on the temperature in the Peltier element, the temperature dependence described in the data sheet was approximated by the polynomial function of the 4th order, where the following coefficients were obtained: a b c d e

Se (T) -1, 385E-10 +1, 457E-07 -5,812E-05 +1, 060E-02 -6,764E-01

R (T) +1, 260E-08-1, 348E-05 + 5,378E-03 -9,445E-01 + 6,208E + 01

K (T) +1, 074E-08 -7,837E-06 +1, 712E-03 -7, 149E-02 + -4,568E + 00

For the temperature range from 225 K to 300 K, an R ² of greater than 0.999 was obtained.

First, Se, R and K were each determined for the appropriate temperature (here the temperature on the warm side was used for T) since it is the only one known and the cold side temperature would lead to a circular definition. By inserting into the Peltier equation the ΔΤ values were calculated. The operating voltage U [V] was calculated by adding the Seebeck term and the relationship U = R x I (Ohm's law).

The values listed in Table 1 below were calculated:

FIG. 13 shows these values obtained during the simulation together with the associated compensation curves. It can be seen that the calculated values agree very well with those actually measured. Thus, the temperature of the cold plate measured at 25A for a short time in Example 1 was -35 ° C, and the minimum of the equalization curve is about -34 ° C, with a current of about 21A and a power of about 460W Example 1 at a current of 20 A continuously measured temperature was -31 ° C, while the simulation showed -32.8 ° C. It should be noted that the water temperature fluctuated in a practical experiment in a range between 10 and 12 ° C, while in the calculation of a constant 12 ° C was assumed.

Examples 3 and 4 - two-stage device

In a similar manner to Example 2, a computer simulation for a device according to the invention as shown in Figs. 6-8, i. performed with three side by side or superimposed Peltier elements.

Example 3

For the calculation of this two-stage embodiment, the procedure was essentially analogous to the one-stage variant. Initially, the currents of the primary and secondary stages, i. the two lower Peltier elements 2 and 3 and the upper Peltier element 4, as identical and two sets of data, as previously listed in Example 2, calculated assuming a water temperature of 12 ° C. The cold side temperature of the lower stage corresponded to the warm side temperature of the upper stage.

Fig. 14 shows the values obtained in this simulation including compensation curves. The minimum of the balance curve in this case is about -67 ° C at a current of 14 to 15 A and a power of about 650 W. Example 4

Subsequently, the calculation was further optimized by calculating a complete data set for each current in the primary (lower) Peltier stage, as previously listed in Example 2, for the second (upper) stage, assuming a water temperature of 10 ° C has been. Due to the large amounts of data, these simulated results are presented here only graphically.

For this purpose, FIG. 15 shows a two-dimensional diagram which comprises the current strengths of the primary and secondary stages as the x and y axes and the cold side temperature after the second stage, which corresponds to that of the cooling plate of this theoretical two-stage example, i. the Tc values of all secondary stage data, on the z axis. Here a maximum was obtained at a temperature of -72 ° C at a current of 17 A for the two Peltier elements of the primary stage and of 1 1, 5 A for that of the secondary stage. This is marked in the diagram with an axis-parallel line.

Thus, it can be clearly seen that the cooling capacity of a device according to the invention can be significantly increased by using a plurality of Peltier elements compared to the single-stage variant. One of the above simulations of a two-stage prototype is currently in development. If the actual values measured with this device are similar to those simulated in Examples 3 and 4, as in Examples 1 and 2, this will prove that a multi-stage device of the invention is a valuable alternative to the use of dry ice - Represents cryogenic mixtures for cryogenic reactions in the laboratory.

Claims

1 . Apparatus for cooling or heating vessels and containers for carrying out chemical or physical reactions, including tubular reactors, such as e.g. B. capillary reactors, wherein the device in the vertical direction from top to bottom comprises the following components:

• a thermally conductive cooling or heating plate (1);

At least one Peltier element provided with electrical connections (7)

(2, 3, 4);

If appropriate, at least one thermally conductive separating plate (5) between in each case two Peltier elements (2, 4);

A thermally conductive thermoblock (6) through which one or more fluid channels (8) pass, for the purpose of supplying and / or supplying heat to and from the at least one Peltier element (2, 3, 4); and

An external control unit for the at least one Peltier element (2, 3, 4); wherein the components (1) to (6) rest on one another and thus are in direct, planar contact with each other.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two Peltier elements (2, 3) which rest side by side on the thermoblock (6).

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises at least two Peltier elements (2, 4) which are arranged one above the other.

4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that between the two Peltier elements (2, 4) a thermally conductive partition plate (5) is provided, with both of which are in direct, surface contact.

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one Peltier element (2, 3, 4) in a plate of a the element is embedded electrically and thermally outwardly insulating material, preferably cork.

6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling or heating plate (1) and / or the thermoblock (6) and / or the separating plate (5) made of aluminum, copper, alloys of these metals, preferably Alloys thereof with non-ferromagnetic alloying partners, stainless steel, Hastelloy, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyamide exist.

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling or heating plate (1) is designed as a block having recesses (9) for receiving the reaction vessels or containers.

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid channels (8) in the thermoblock (6) and / or the recesses (9) in the cooling or heating plate (1) are provided therein bores or cutouts ,

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the individual components promoting the heat transfer

Medium is provided.

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the components (1) to (6) screwed together (1 1).

1 1. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edges of the components (1) to (6) are aligned with each other.

12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the outer ends of the fluid channels (8) hose or pipe connections are provided.

13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the liquid channels (8) in the thermoblock (6) serpentine or meandering.

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in one or more of the components (1) to (6) openings (10) are provided for receiving temperature sensors.