WO2013004860A1 - Hydraulic mechanism - Google Patents

Hydraulic mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013004860A1
WO2013004860A1 PCT/ES2011/070490 ES2011070490W WO2013004860A1 WO 2013004860 A1 WO2013004860 A1 WO 2013004860A1 ES 2011070490 W ES2011070490 W ES 2011070490W WO 2013004860 A1 WO2013004860 A1 WO 2013004860A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
pistons
hydraulic
fluid
tubes
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PCT/ES2011/070490
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ramón VICENTE BERENGUER
Original Assignee
Vicente Berenguer Ramon
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Application filed by Vicente Berenguer Ramon filed Critical Vicente Berenguer Ramon
Priority to PCT/ES2011/070490 priority Critical patent/WO2013004860A1/en
Publication of WO2013004860A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013004860A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/144—Adaptation of piston-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B31/00—Free-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids; Systems incorporating such pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic mechanism configured based on hydraulic cylinders incorporated in an H-shaped body composed of three cylindrical tubes, and which receiving the fluid through its central area, distributes the force received in Four different directions.
  • the present invention is part of the technical sector of the industry dedicated to hydraulic mechanisms, and can be applied to all types of machines and devices.
  • what the invention proposes is a mechanism of the type that works by harnessing the energy of the hydraulic pressure of a fluid within a circuit to transform it into mechanical energy, presenting the particularity of being configured from three identical extendable hydraulic cylinders , each consisting of two pistons that expand simultaneously and proportionately in opposite directions, which, in turn, are arranged inside an H-shaped body composed of three hollow tubes also identical, each of which it houses one of said double hydraulic cylinders, these tubes being connected by four conduits, two towards each tube, which allow the transfer of the fluid from the central tube to the lateral tubes perpendicular to it, and at whose ends, in which the corresponding outputs, the force of the pressure received in the cen tube will be transmitted tral.
  • the aforementioned pistons that constitute the hydraulic cylinders which, as indicated, have two each, are each formed by a solid body composed of a first section that has a first section and a second section that has a second section that is half of the first section, comprising at least one flat side, determining along the section a surface flat.
  • Said pistons are arranged one above the other in an inverse position and faced by their respective second sections whose flat surfaces face each other, while the first sections remain at the respective opposite ends of the cylinder, determining on each side two hydraulic chambers into which the fluid.
  • Said sections are preferably cylindrical, although they can also have any geometric figure and therefore be square, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.
  • the hydraulic cylinders then have internal sections complementary to those of the pistons.
  • the preferred sections are circular, determining a cylindrical section and a semi-cylindrical section.
  • the second section is larger and semi-cylindrical and the first section is smaller and cylindrical, both of which are arranged facing their respective semi-cylindrical sections so that the flat surfaces of them are facing and the cylindrical sections are at the respective opposite ends, these sections being cylindrical the pistons themselves responsible for conferring tightness between the central spaces and both ends of the interior of the tubes, and providing the semi-cylindrical sections each useful hydraulic sections perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the identical cylinder on both sides.
  • the hydraulic cylinder of the central tube when it receives the pressurized fluid through the two holes provided for that purpose in said tube, expands simultaneously on its two sides when both pistons thereof are pushed in opposite directions and, like said central tube in which it is incorporated is filled with fluid at its ends, said fluid from the ends is pushed through the conduits to the side tubes being inserted into the hydraulic cylinders existing therein, so that, in turn, both expand from simultaneously their respective pistons to opposite sides, each receiving the same pressure as that received by the central cylinder, causing the ends of the side tubes that also contain fluid, push it towards the exits at the ends to take advantage of the force received
  • the particularity of the mechanism is that, thanks to the particular configuration of the two pistons that make up each hydraulic cylinder of the same, the hydraulic cylinders of the side tubes are expanded at the same time and with the same volume of extension as has been done by the central cylinder Logically, it is understood that the pistons can slide longitudinally along the tube without any friction or with a minimum friction and that, in general, there will be no friction or hydraulic loss as well as that the longitudinal axes of all the cylinders and tubes of the mechanism They are contained in the same horizontal plane.
  • the aforementioned pistons that constitute the hydraulic cylinders which, as indicated, have two each, are each formed by a solid body preferably composed of a first section that has a first circular section and a second section that It has a second semicircular section, which is half of the first section, comprising at least one flat side, which determines a flat surface along the section.
  • said sections are preferably cylindrical, although they can also have any other geometric shape or shape and also complement each other, forming the piston object of the invention, so that both sections, although of a different geometric shape, exercise the same function as the piston itself.
  • Figure number 1 Shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment example of the hydraulic mechanism, the elements normally hidden in sight having been represented by dashed lines, so that the main parts and elements comprising said mechanism as well as the configuration and arrangement of each of said parts and elements.
  • Figure number 2. Shows a perspective view of one of the hydraulic cylinders comprising the mechanism, showing in it the particular configuration of the pistons that constitute it.
  • the mechanism (1) in question comprises three identical extendable hydraulic cylinders (2), each consisting of two pistons (3) that expand simultaneously and proportionally in opposite directions.
  • Said hydraulic cylinders (2) are arranged incorporated into an H-shaped configuration body (4) composed of three cylindrical tubes, one central
  • the central tube (5) is communicated at its two ends with the side tubes (6) by four conduits (7), two on each side that connect each end of the central tube (5) with the central area of the side tube ( 6) existing at said end, said conduits (7) also being filled with fluid and provided to allow pressure transfer of the fluid from the central tube (5) to the side tubes
  • each of the aforementioned pistons (3) that constitute the hydraulic cylinders (2) is formed by a solid body composed of a semi-cylindrical major section (3a) and a smaller cylindrical section (3b), arranged one above the other in an inverse position and faced by their respective semi-cylindrical sections (3a) whose flat surfaces face each other, while the cylindrical sections (3b) remain at the respective opposite ends of the cylinder, determining on each side two hydraulic chambers (3c) in which The fluid will penetrate.
  • These cylindrical sections (3b), provided with corresponding cable glands (not shown), are responsible for conferring tightness between the spaces inside the tubes (5, 6), that is, between the central space occupied by the hydraulic cylinders ( 2) and the lateral spaces (10) that are filled with fluid.
  • both said fluid inlets (9) to the central tube (5) and the inlet ducts (7) in the side tubes (6) are conveniently located so that the fluid properly penetrates into the corresponding hydraulic chambers (3c) that determine the two pistons (3) that make up each hydraulic cylinder (2).

Abstract

Hydraulic mechanism that comprises three identical extendable hydraulic cylinders (2), each composed of pistons (3), said cylinders being arranged in the form of an H-shaped body (4) of three fluid-filled cylindrical tubes, a central tube (5) and two side tubes (6), in communication by conduits (7), there being two inlets (9) in the central tube (5) for introducing the pressurized fluid, and outlets (8) at the ends of the side tubes (6) for utilizing the force. Each piston (3) is formed by a solid body composed of a semicylindrical larger portion (3a) and a cylindrical smaller portion (3b). Both are arranged with the semicylindrical portions (3a) thereof facing, with the cylindrical portions (3b) at the opposite ends of the cylinder, conferring leaktightness on the tubes, and determining individual hydraulic chambers (3c).

Description

MECANISMO HIDRÁULICO  HYDRAULIC MECHANISM
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente invención, se refiere a un mecanismo hidráulico configurado a base de cilindros hidráulicos incorporados en un cuerpo de configuración en H compuesto por tres tubos cilindricos, y el cual recibiendo el fluido por su zona central, reparte la fuerza recibida en cuatro direcciones distintas. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydraulic mechanism configured based on hydraulic cylinders incorporated in an H-shaped body composed of three cylindrical tubes, and which receiving the fluid through its central area, distributes the force received in Four different directions.
La presente invención se enmarca dentro del sector técnico de la industria dedicado a mecanismos hidráulicos, pudiendo ser aplicados a todo tipo de máquinas y dispositivos.  The present invention is part of the technical sector of the industry dedicated to hydraulic mechanisms, and can be applied to all types of machines and devices.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN En la actualidad, y como referencia al estado de la técnica, debe señalarse que, al menos por parte del solicitante, se desconoce la existencia de ningún otro mecanismo hidráulico o invención de aplicación similar, que presente unas características técnicas, estructurales y constitutivas semejantes a las que presenta el que aquí se preconiza, estando los detalles caracterizadores del mismo convenientemente recogidos en las reivindicaciones finales que acompañan a la presente memoria descriptiva del mismo. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION At present, and as a reference to the state of the art, it should be noted that, at least by the applicant, the existence of any other hydraulic mechanism or invention of similar application, which has technical, structural characteristics, is unknown. and constitutive ones similar to those presented herein, the characterizing details thereof being conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present specification thereof.
EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
De forma concreta, lo que la invención propone es un mecanismo del tipo que trabaja aprovechando la energía de la presión hidráulica de un fluido dentro de un circuito para transformarla en energía mecánica, presentando la particularidad de estar configurado a partir de tres cilindros hidráulicos extensibles idénticos, compuestos cada uno por sendos pistones que se expanden simultánea y proporcionalmente en sentidos opuestos, los cuales, a su vez, se disponen incorporados en el interior de un cuerpo de configuración en H compuesto por tres tubos huecos también idénticos, cada uno de los cuales aloja uno de dichos cilindros hidráulicos dobles, estando estos tubos comunicados mediante cuatro conducciones, dos hacia cada tubo, que permiten el traspaso del fluido desde el tubo central hacia los tubos laterales perpendiculares a este, y a cuyos extremos, en los que se habrán previsto las correspondientes salidas, se transmitirá la fuerza de la presión recibida en el tubo central. Specifically, what the invention proposes is a mechanism of the type that works by harnessing the energy of the hydraulic pressure of a fluid within a circuit to transform it into mechanical energy, presenting the particularity of being configured from three identical extendable hydraulic cylinders , each consisting of two pistons that expand simultaneously and proportionately in opposite directions, which, in turn, are arranged inside an H-shaped body composed of three hollow tubes also identical, each of which it houses one of said double hydraulic cylinders, these tubes being connected by four conduits, two towards each tube, which allow the transfer of the fluid from the central tube to the lateral tubes perpendicular to it, and at whose ends, in which the corresponding outputs, the force of the pressure received in the cen tube will be transmitted tral.
Es importante destacar que los citados pistones que constituyen los cilindros hidráulicos, que como se ha señalado cuentan con dos cada uno, están formados cada uno por un cuerpo sólido compuesto por un primer tramo que presenta una primera sección y un segundo tramo que presenta una segunda sección que es la mitad de la primera sección, comprendiendo al menos un lado plano, determinando a lo largo del tramo una superficie plana. Dichos pistones se disponen uno sobre otro en posición inversa y enfrentados por sus respectivos segundos tramos cuyas superficies planas quedan encaradas entre sí, mientras los primeros tramos quedan en los respectivos extremos opuestos del cilindro, determinando en cada lado sendas cámaras hidráulicas en las que penetrará el fluido. It is important to note that the aforementioned pistons that constitute the hydraulic cylinders, which, as indicated, have two each, are each formed by a solid body composed of a first section that has a first section and a second section that has a second section that is half of the first section, comprising at least one flat side, determining along the section a surface flat. Said pistons are arranged one above the other in an inverse position and faced by their respective second sections whose flat surfaces face each other, while the first sections remain at the respective opposite ends of the cylinder, determining on each side two hydraulic chambers into which the fluid.
Dichas secciones son preferiblemente cilindricas, aunque también pueden presentar cualquier figura geométrica y por tanto ser cuadradas, pentagonales, hexagonales, etc. Los cilindros hidráulicos presentan entonces secciones interiores complementarias a las de los pistones.  Said sections are preferably cylindrical, although they can also have any geometric figure and therefore be square, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc. The hydraulic cylinders then have internal sections complementary to those of the pistons.
Como se ha comentado, las secciones preferidas son circulares, determinando un tramo cilindrico y un tramo semicilíndrico. El segundo tramo es mayor y semicilíndrico y el primer tramo es menor y cilindrico, estando ambos dispuestos enfrentados por sus respectivos tramos semicilíndricos de forma que las superficies planas de los mismos quedan encaradas y los tramos cilindricos quedan en los respectivos extremos opuestos, siendo estos tramos cilindricos los pistones propiamente dichos encargados de conferir estanqueidad entre los espacios central y de ambos extremos del interior de los tubos, y proporcionando los tramos semicilíndricos sendas secciones hidráulicas útiles perpendiculares al eje longitudinal del cilindro idéntica en ambos lados. As mentioned, the preferred sections are circular, determining a cylindrical section and a semi-cylindrical section. The second section is larger and semi-cylindrical and the first section is smaller and cylindrical, both of which are arranged facing their respective semi-cylindrical sections so that the flat surfaces of them are facing and the cylindrical sections are at the respective opposite ends, these sections being cylindrical the pistons themselves responsible for conferring tightness between the central spaces and both ends of the interior of the tubes, and providing the semi-cylindrical sections each useful hydraulic sections perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the identical cylinder on both sides.
Así, el cilindro hidráulico del tubo central, cuando recibe el fluido a presión por los dos orificios previstos a tal efecto en dicho tubo, se expande simultáneamente por sus dos lados al ser empujados ambos pistones del mismo en direcciones opuestas y, como dicho tubo central en el que se incorpora está lleno de fluido en sus extremos, dicho fluido de los extremos es empujado a través de los conductos hacia los tubos laterales siendo insertado en los cilindros hidráulicos existentes en ellos, de forma que, a su vez, ambos expanden de forma simultánea sus respectivos pistones hacia lados opuestos, recibiendo cada uno de ellos la misma presión que la que recibe el cilindro central, haciendo que los extremos de los tubos laterales que igualmente contienen fluido, empujen este hacia las salidas en los extremos para aprovechar la fuerza recibida.  Thus, the hydraulic cylinder of the central tube, when it receives the pressurized fluid through the two holes provided for that purpose in said tube, expands simultaneously on its two sides when both pistons thereof are pushed in opposite directions and, like said central tube in which it is incorporated is filled with fluid at its ends, said fluid from the ends is pushed through the conduits to the side tubes being inserted into the hydraulic cylinders existing therein, so that, in turn, both expand from simultaneously their respective pistons to opposite sides, each receiving the same pressure as that received by the central cylinder, causing the ends of the side tubes that also contain fluid, push it towards the exits at the ends to take advantage of the force received
La particularidad del mecanismo consiste en que, gracias a la particular configuración de los dos pistones que conforman cada cilindro hidráulico del mismo, los cilindros hidráulicos de los tubos laterales se expanden a la vez y con el mismo volumen de extensión que como lo ha hecho el cilindro central. Lógicamente, se entiende que los pistones pueden deslizar longitudinalmente a lo largo del tubo sin rozamiento alguno o con un rozamiento mínimo y que, en general, no existirá rozamiento ni pérdida hidráulica alguna así como que los ejes longitudinales de todos los cilindros y tubos del mecanismo están contenidos en un mismo plano horizontal. The particularity of the mechanism is that, thanks to the particular configuration of the two pistons that make up each hydraulic cylinder of the same, the hydraulic cylinders of the side tubes are expanded at the same time and with the same volume of extension as has been done by the central cylinder Logically, it is understood that the pistons can slide longitudinally along the tube without any friction or with a minimum friction and that, in general, there will be no friction or hydraulic loss as well as that the longitudinal axes of all the cylinders and tubes of the mechanism They are contained in the same horizontal plane.
Igualmente, se supone que el conjunto formado por los tres tubos cilindricos, los seis pistones y las conducciones están completamente llenos de fluido hidráulico.  Likewise, it is assumed that the assembly formed by the three cylindrical tubes, the six pistons and the pipes are completely filled with hydraulic fluid.
Además, mediante dos sistemas hidráulicos de las mismas características, por ejemplo dos actuadores de pistón, y mediante un fluido hidráulico adecuado, supuesto incompresible, tal como aceite hidráulico, se suministrará la presión hidráulica al mecanismo de la invención descrito a través de sendas entradas convenientemente previstas en el tubo central para dicho fin.  Furthermore, by means of two hydraulic systems of the same characteristics, for example two piston actuators, and by means of a suitable hydraulic fluid, an incompressible assumption, such as hydraulic oil, the hydraulic pressure will be supplied to the mechanism of the invention described through conveniently inlets. provided in the central tube for this purpose.
Por último, hay que mencionar que se entiende que el mecanismo está equilibrado estáticamente por las cuatro fuerzas horizontales en la dirección de los ejes los dos pistones de cada uno de los tubos laterales, actuando en sentido contrario de la fuerza que la presión hidráulica ejerce sobre ellos, generada por la presión comunicada a través de las cuatro conducciones que comunican el tubo central con los tubos laterales.  Finally, it should be mentioned that it is understood that the mechanism is statically balanced by the four horizontal forces in the direction of the axes the two pistons of each of the side tubes, acting in the opposite direction of the force that the hydraulic pressure exerts on they, generated by the pressure communicated through the four pipes that connect the central tube with the side tubes.
Conviene volver a destacar que los citados pistones que constituyen los cilindros hidráulicos, que como se ha señalado cuentan con dos cada uno, están formados cada uno por un cuerpo sólido compuesto preferiblemente por un primer tramo que presenta una primera sección circular y un segundo tramo que presenta una segunda sección semicircular, que es la mitad de la primera sección, comprendiendo al menos un lado plano, que determina a lo largo del tramo una superficie plana. Como se ha mencionado dichas secciones son preferiblemente cilindricas, aunque también pueden presentar cualquier otra forma o figura geométrica y complementarse igualmente una con otra, formando el pistón objeto de la invención, de tal forma que ambas secciones, aunque de forma geométrica distinta, ejerzan la misma función que el pistón propiamente dicho.  It should be noted again that the aforementioned pistons that constitute the hydraulic cylinders, which, as indicated, have two each, are each formed by a solid body preferably composed of a first section that has a first circular section and a second section that It has a second semicircular section, which is half of the first section, comprising at least one flat side, which determines a flat surface along the section. As mentioned, said sections are preferably cylindrical, although they can also have any other geometric shape or shape and also complement each other, forming the piston object of the invention, so that both sections, although of a different geometric shape, exercise the same function as the piston itself.
Visto lo que antecede, se constata que el descrito mecanismo hidráulico representa una innovación de características estructurales y constitutivas desconocidas hasta ahora para tal fin, razones que unidas a su utilidad práctica, la dotan de fundamento suficiente para obtener el privilegio de exclusividad que se solicita.  Given the above, it is found that the described hydraulic mechanism represents an innovation of structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now for this purpose, reasons that together with its practical utility, provide it with sufficient grounds to obtain the privilege of exclusivity that is requested.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando del mecanismo objeto de la invención, y para ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características que lo distinguen, se acompaña la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, de un juego de planos en los que, con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To complement the description that is being made of the mechanism object of the invention, and to help a better understanding of the characteristics that distinguish, the present descriptive report is accompanied, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings in which, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:
La figura número 1 .- Muestra una vista esquemática en perspectiva de un ejemplo de realización del mecanismo hidráulico, habiéndose representado en ella los elementos normalmente ocultos a la vista mediante líneas de trazo discontinuo, de forma que se puede apreciar en ella las principales partes y elementos que comprende dicho mecanismo así como la configuración y disposición de cada una de dichas partes y elementos.  Figure number 1 .- Shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment example of the hydraulic mechanism, the elements normally hidden in sight having been represented by dashed lines, so that the main parts and elements comprising said mechanism as well as the configuration and arrangement of each of said parts and elements.
La figura número 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de uno de los cilindros hidráulicos que comprende el mecanismo, apreciándose en ella la particular configuración de los pistones que lo constituyen.  Figure number 2.- Shows a perspective view of one of the hydraulic cylinders comprising the mechanism, showing in it the particular configuration of the pistons that constitute it.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
A la vista de las descritas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeración utilizada en ellas, se puede apreciar como el mecanismo (1 ) en cuestión comprende tres cilindros hidráulicos (2) extensibles idénticos, compuestos cada uno de ellos por sendos pistones (3) que se expanden simultánea y proporcionalmente en sentidos opuestos. In view of the described figures, and according to the numbering used in them, it can be seen how the mechanism (1) in question comprises three identical extendable hydraulic cylinders (2), each consisting of two pistons (3) that expand simultaneously and proportionally in opposite directions.
Dichos cilindros hidráulicos (2), a su vez, se disponen incorporados en el interior de un cuerpo de configuración en H (4) compuesto por tres tubos cilindricos, uno central Said hydraulic cylinders (2), in turn, are arranged incorporated into an H-shaped configuration body (4) composed of three cylindrical tubes, one central
(5) y dos laterales (6) perpendiculares al central, todos ellos huecos, de dimensiones idénticas y llenos de fluido hidráulico. (5) and two lateral (6) perpendicular to the central, all of them hollow, of identical dimensions and filled with hydraulic fluid.
Además, el tubo central (5) está comunicado por sus dos extremos con los tubos laterales (6) mediante cuatro conducciones (7), dos en cada lado que comunican cada extremo del tubo central (5) con la zona central del tubo lateral (6) existente en dicho extremo, estando dichas conducciones (7) también llenas de fluido y previstas para permitir el traspaso a presión del fluido desde el tubo central (5) hacia los tubos laterales In addition, the central tube (5) is communicated at its two ends with the side tubes (6) by four conduits (7), two on each side that connect each end of the central tube (5) with the central area of the side tube ( 6) existing at said end, said conduits (7) also being filled with fluid and provided to allow pressure transfer of the fluid from the central tube (5) to the side tubes
(6) , en los extremos de los cuales se han previsto correspondientes salidas (8), cuatro en total una en cada extremo, para el aprovechamiento de la fuerza de presión adquirida. (6), at the ends of which corresponding outlets (8) are provided, four in total one at each end, to take advantage of the acquired pressure force.
Por su parte, como se aprecia en el detalle mostrado en la figura 2, cada uno de los citados pistones (3) que constituyen los cilindros hidráulicos (2), está formado por un cuerpo sólido compuesto por un tramo mayor semicilíndrico (3a) y un tramo menor cilindrico (3b), disponiéndose uno sobre otro en posición inversa y enfrentados por sus respectivos tramos semicilíndricos (3a) cuyas superficies planas quedan encaradas entre sí, mientras los tramos cilindricos (3b) quedan en los respectivos extremos opuestos del cilindro, determinando en cada lado sendas cámaras hidráulicas (3c) en las que penetrará el fluido. On the other hand, as can be seen in the detail shown in Figure 2, each of the aforementioned pistons (3) that constitute the hydraulic cylinders (2), is formed by a solid body composed of a semi-cylindrical major section (3a) and a smaller cylindrical section (3b), arranged one above the other in an inverse position and faced by their respective semi-cylindrical sections (3a) whose flat surfaces face each other, while the cylindrical sections (3b) remain at the respective opposite ends of the cylinder, determining on each side two hydraulic chambers (3c) in which The fluid will penetrate.
Estos tramos cilindricos (3b), provistos de correspondiente prensaestopas (no representadas), son los encargados de conferir estanqueidad entre los espacios en el interior de los tubos (5, 6), es decir, entre el espacio central que ocupan los cilindros hidráulicos (2) y los espacios laterales (10) que están llenos de fluido.  These cylindrical sections (3b), provided with corresponding cable glands (not shown), are responsible for conferring tightness between the spaces inside the tubes (5, 6), that is, between the central space occupied by the hydraulic cylinders ( 2) and the lateral spaces (10) that are filled with fluid.
Por otra parte, hay que destacar que la longitud total (Lt) tanto del cilindro central (5) como de los cilindros laterales (6), que como se ha dicho son idénticos, será igual a tres veces la longitud (L) de los pistones (3) más la longitud (A) del tramo menor cilindrico (3b) de dichos pistones.  On the other hand, it should be noted that the total length (Lt) of both the central cylinder (5) and the lateral cylinders (6), which as stated above are identical, will be equal to three times the length (L) of the pistons (3) plus the length (A) of the smaller cylindrical section (3b) of said pistons.
Finalmente, hay que mencionar la existencia de dos entradas (9) previstas en la parte lateral del tubo central (5) a través de las cuales se introduce el fluido a presión para hacer trabajar el mecanismo.  Finally, it is necessary to mention the existence of two inlets (9) provided in the lateral part of the central tube (5) through which the pressurized fluid is introduced to make the mechanism work.
Conviene señalar que, tanto dichas entradas (9) de fluido al tubo central (5) como las entradas de las conducciones (7) en los tubos laterales (6) se disponen convenientemente ubicadas para que el fluido penetre adecuadamente entre en las correspondientes cámaras hidráulicas (3c) que determinan los dos pistones (3) que conforman cada cilindro hidráulico (2).  It should be noted that both said fluid inlets (9) to the central tube (5) and the inlet ducts (7) in the side tubes (6) are conveniently located so that the fluid properly penetrates into the corresponding hydraulic chambers (3c) that determine the two pistons (3) that make up each hydraulic cylinder (2).
Así, al inyectar fluido en el mecanismo a través de las entradas (9) del tubo central (5), el cilindro hidráulico (2) existente en él se expande hacia ambos lados haciendo que el fluido contenido en sus dos espacios laterales (10) sea introducido a presión a través de las conducciones (7) hacia los dos tubos laterales (6) del cuerpo en H, penetrando en los cilindros hidráulicos (2) de estos tubos laterales, los cuales, simultáneamente, se expandirán longitudinalmente en ambas direcciones y ejercerán la fuerza proporcional sobre sus respectivos espacios laterales (10) y, por tanto, hacia las salidas (8) previstas en sus extremos.  Thus, by injecting fluid into the mechanism through the inlets (9) of the central tube (5), the hydraulic cylinder (2) existing in it expands to both sides causing the fluid contained in its two lateral spaces (10) is introduced under pressure through the conduits (7) to the two side tubes (6) of the H-body, penetrating the hydraulic cylinders (2) of these side tubes, which, simultaneously, will expand longitudinally in both directions and they will exert the proportional force on their respective lateral spaces (10) and, therefore, towards the exits (8) provided at their ends.
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan, haciéndose constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba siempre que no se altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental.  Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle .

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S R E I V I N D I C A T I O N E S
Mecanismo hidráulico, del tipo que trabaja aprovechando la energía de la presión hidráulica de un fluido dentro de un circuito, caracterizado porque comprende al menos tres cilindros hidráulicos Hydraulic mechanism, of the type that works by taking advantage of the energy of the hydraulic pressure of a fluid within a circuit, characterized in that it comprises at least three hydraulic cylinders
(2) extensibles idénticos, compuestos cada uno de ellos por sendos pistones (2) identical extendables, each composed of separate pistons
(3) que se expanden simultánea y proporcionalmente en sentidos opuestos, estando dispuestos en un cuerpo en H (3) that expand simultaneously and proportionally in opposite directions, being arranged in a body in H
(4) compuesto por tres tubos cilindricos huecos idénticos y llenos de fluido, uno central (5) y dos laterales (6), que están comunicados mediante cuatro conducciones (7) que comunican cada extremo del tubo central (5) con el tubo lateral (6) existente en dicho extremo, y estando estanqueizado el espacio que ocupan los cilindros hidráulicos (2) y los espacios laterales (10) de los tubos, existiendo dos entradas (9) en la parte lateral del tubo central (5) a través de las cuales se introduce el fluido a presión para hacer trabajar el mecanismo, y en los extremos de los tubos laterales (6) salidas (8) para el aprovechamiento de la fuerza de presión adquirida. (4) composed of three identical hollow cylindrical tubes filled with fluid, one central (5) and two lateral (6), which are connected by four pipes (7) that connect each end of the central tube (5) with the lateral tube (6) existing at said end, and the space occupied by the hydraulic cylinders (2) and the lateral spaces (10) of the tubes being sealed, there being two entrances (9) in the lateral part of the central tube (5) through of which the pressurized fluid is introduced to make the mechanism work, and at the ends of the side tubes (6) outlets (8) to take advantage of the pressure force acquired.
Mecanismo, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque los cilindros hidráulicos (2) están compuestos por dos pistones (3), cada uno de los cuales está formado por un cuerpo sólido compuesto por un primer tramo (3b) que presenta una primera sección y un segundo tramo (3a) que presenta una segunda sección, que es la mitad de la primera, y que comprende al menos un lado plano, disponiéndose dichos pistones (3) uno sobre otro en posición inversa y enfrentados por sus respectivos segundos tramos (3a) cuyas superficies planas quedan encaradas entre sí, mientras los primeros tramos (3b) quedan en los respectivos extremos opuestos del cilindro, determinando en cada lado sendas cámaras hidráulicas (3c) en las que penetrará el fluido. Mechanism, according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (2) are composed of two pistons (3), each of which is formed by a solid body composed of a first section (3b) that has a first section and a second section (3a) that has a second section, which is half of the first, and that comprises at least one flat side, said pistons (3) being arranged one above the other in an inverse position and facing each other by their respective second sections (3a) whose flat surfaces face each other, while the first sections (3b) remain at the respective opposite ends of the cylinder, determining on each side hydraulic chambers (3c) into which the fluid will penetrate.
Mecanismo, según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque el primer tramo (3b) presenta una sección circular, determinado un tramo cilindrico y el segundo tramo (3a) presenta una sección semicircular, determinado un tramo semicilíndrico. Mechanism, according to claim 2, characterized in that the first section (3b) has a circular section, determined by a cylindrical section, and the second section (3a) has a semicircular section, determined by a semicylindrical section.
Mecanismo, según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque los tramos cilindricos (3b), están provistos de prensaestopas y confieren la estanqueidad entre los espacios, central que ocupan los cilindros hidráulicos (2) y los espacios laterales (10), en el interior de los tubos (5, 6). Mecanismo, según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque las entradas (9) de fluido al tubo central Mechanism, according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical sections (3b) are provided with stuffing boxes and provide sealing between the central spaces occupied by the hydraulic cylinders (2) and the lateral spaces (10), inside the tubes (5, 6). Mechanism, according to claim 2, characterized in that the fluid inlets (9) to the central tube
(5) y las entradas de las conducciones (7) en los tubos laterales (6) se disponen ubicadas de manera que el fluido penetra en las cámaras hidráulicas (3c) que determinan los dos pistones (3) que conforman cada cilindro hidráulico (2). (5) and the inlets of the pipes (7) in the side tubes (6) are arranged so that the fluid penetrates the hydraulic chambers (3c) that determine the two pistons (3) that make up each hydraulic cylinder (2 ).
6. Mecanismo, según las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque la longitud total (Lt) tanto del cilindro central (5) como de los cilindros laterales (6), que son idénticos, será igual a tres veces la longitud (L) de los pistones (3) más la longitud (A) del tramo menor cilindrico (3b) de dichos pistones. 6. Mechanism, according to the previous claims, characterized in that the total length (Lt) of both the central cylinder (5) and the side cylinders (6), which are identical, will be equal to three times the length (L) of the pistons. (3) plus the length (A) of the smaller cylindrical section (3b) of said pistons.
7. Mecanismo, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los cilindros hidráulicos (2) presentan una sección interior complementaria a la sección de los pistones (3). 7. Mechanism, according to previous claims, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinders (2) have an interior section complementary to the section of the pistons (3).
PCT/ES2011/070490 2011-07-06 2011-07-06 Hydraulic mechanism WO2013004860A1 (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH189224A (en) * 1935-02-02 1937-02-15 Sulzer Ag Flying piston machine with compressor and at least two internal combustion flying pistons.
GB666220A (en) * 1947-06-21 1952-02-06 Atlas Diesel Ab Improvements in internal combustion engines with open compression chamber
FR1417954A (en) * 1959-07-02 1965-11-19 Improvements made to the means ensuring the variation of flow rate of free piston machines performing the useful compression during the return stroke
GB1091720A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-11-22 Sulzer Ag Free piston machines
GB1406226A (en) * 1971-11-18 1975-09-17 Fitzgerald W M B Power units
US4057040A (en) * 1976-04-12 1977-11-08 Wax Archie E Internal combustion engine system
DE3049412A1 (en) * 1980-12-30 1982-10-28 Horst 7050 Waiblingen Richter Hydraulic front or rear wheel drive - has engine driven pumping system circulating fluid through pressure chambers for hydraulic motors
DE10108007A1 (en) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-22 Man B & W Diesel As Kopenhagen Reciprocating engine used as a reciprocating internal combustion engine comprises a lubricant pump having a plunger operated by the pressure in a liquid column interacting with a hydraulic piston

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH189224A (en) * 1935-02-02 1937-02-15 Sulzer Ag Flying piston machine with compressor and at least two internal combustion flying pistons.
GB666220A (en) * 1947-06-21 1952-02-06 Atlas Diesel Ab Improvements in internal combustion engines with open compression chamber
FR1417954A (en) * 1959-07-02 1965-11-19 Improvements made to the means ensuring the variation of flow rate of free piston machines performing the useful compression during the return stroke
GB1091720A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-11-22 Sulzer Ag Free piston machines
GB1406226A (en) * 1971-11-18 1975-09-17 Fitzgerald W M B Power units
US4057040A (en) * 1976-04-12 1977-11-08 Wax Archie E Internal combustion engine system
DE3049412A1 (en) * 1980-12-30 1982-10-28 Horst 7050 Waiblingen Richter Hydraulic front or rear wheel drive - has engine driven pumping system circulating fluid through pressure chambers for hydraulic motors
DE10108007A1 (en) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-22 Man B & W Diesel As Kopenhagen Reciprocating engine used as a reciprocating internal combustion engine comprises a lubricant pump having a plunger operated by the pressure in a liquid column interacting with a hydraulic piston

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