WO2013001116A1 - Composition et procédé d'inhibition de la reproduction des varroa dans les ruches - Google Patents

Composition et procédé d'inhibition de la reproduction des varroa dans les ruches Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013001116A1
WO2013001116A1 PCT/ES2012/070054 ES2012070054W WO2013001116A1 WO 2013001116 A1 WO2013001116 A1 WO 2013001116A1 ES 2012070054 W ES2012070054 W ES 2012070054W WO 2013001116 A1 WO2013001116 A1 WO 2013001116A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
extract
essential oil
aromatic
formulation
wax
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Application number
PCT/ES2012/070054
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Vicente Alfonso LLOVEL GARCÍA
Original Assignee
Mieles Llovel, S.L.
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Application filed by Mieles Llovel, S.L. filed Critical Mieles Llovel, S.L.
Publication of WO2013001116A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013001116A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K47/00—Beehives
    • A01K47/04—Artificial honeycombs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/22—Lamiaceae or Labiatae [Mint family], e.g. thyme, rosemary, skullcap, selfheal, lavender, perilla, pennyroyal, peppermint or spearmint

Definitions

  • the present invention falls within the field of beekeeping. Specifically, it refers to a new aromatic formulation for the control of varroasis in hives, preventing the nesting of the parasite in the cells that bees use for their reproduction, which is applied uniformly in the hive wax honeycomb by intrinsic incorporation in the wax that constitutes the honeycomb. On the other hand, it can be presented as small pieces of flavored wax that are placed in each of the honeycomb cells, or as a viscous cream that can be applied on the surface of the wax pieces that make up the honeycomb.
  • Varroasis is an external parasitosis that affects different species of bees, which represents a serious problem in beekeeping. Specifically, it is produced by an ectoparasite of bees, particularly a type of mite of the Varroa genus.
  • the Varroa parasite reproduces in each of the hive's wax cells, more specifically in those in which the queen bee has previously and unitarily deposited the eggs. It is precisely at that time, when the parasite proceeds to enter and reproduce, since the medium is optimal for it. In this environment, the parasite finds the conditions of the environment and the food necessary to live and carry out its reproduction.
  • the reproductive phase of said mite begins with the entry of a female founder of Varroa into a honeycomb cell that contains a bee brood in a larval state. This fact happens previously to the hermetic seal, or operculation, of said cell, since otherwise entry would be prevented, and consequently the reproductive cycle of the founding Varroa female.
  • the mite is attracted to enter the wax cells based on aromatic stimuli, mainly fatty acid esters, which bee larvae emit in order to cause operculation.
  • the Varroa female feeds on the bee breeding and reproduces in the operculated cell, giving rise to a new generational cycle, whose individuals will be able to reproduce again, after a period between 6 and 8 days, originating new mature individuals of Varroa.
  • this offspring is able to carry out several reproductive cycles inside the same operculated cell before the bee breeding, which they parasitize and serve as food, completes its adult bee maturation process.
  • the present invention intends to modify the conditions of said medium so that the mite to be removed is not attracted to inhabit and reproduce in the hive. Consequently, the parasite will look for another means for its reproduction other than the wax cells or honeycombs that constitute the hive, where the bees do, under normal conditions.
  • the invention is focused on changing the Odorous environment of the wax cells by means of a new aromatic formulation that produces a "non-pleasant" aroma for the Varroa mite, since this mite has a very acute sense of smell.
  • modifying the olfactory stimulus that emanates from inside each of the unit cells of the hive's wax honeycomb implies that the Varroa does not enter inside them, especially inside those cells where the bee Queen deposits an egg and subsequently develops the larva of a new bee. In this way, the nesting and reproduction of the Varroa mite is avoided, without affecting the reproductive cycle, nor the normal development of the bee population. So this new composition can be used both to prevent and to treat the varroasis of honeycombs and hives affected by this disease.
  • varroasis As background, it should be noted that there are currently several products supported by international regulations in order to control the varroasis, among which you can mention the BEEVITAL product, which is a freshwater formulation based on natural extracts of propolis and oils etheric acids that also comprise the three main organic acids in the treatment of varroasis (citric acid, oxalic acid and formic acid), and that implies only a change in the medium in the smell of the adult bee, but not of the honeycomb cells .
  • BEEVITAL product is a freshwater formulation based on natural extracts of propolis and oils etheric acids that also comprise the three main organic acids in the treatment of varroasis (citric acid, oxalic acid and formic acid), and that implies only a change in the medium in the smell of the adult bee, but not of the honeycomb cells .
  • the present invention also describes a new form of application of the new active formulation. against the varroasis.
  • said form of application comprises homogeneously mixing the new formulation proposed in the present invention with molten wax in a liquid state, based on an adequate miscibility of both, creating a waxy composition that serves as raw material for the manufacture of wax honeycombs, or small pieces of flavored wax, which intrinsically contain the aromatic formulation against the Varroa mite.
  • the new aromatic formulation has been designed including aromatic additives in a lipophilic vehicle based on a fluid of plant origin, which determines that the aromatic formulation can be mixed homogeneously with the wax, as well as the fixing of the different aromas that will cause the desired effects on the wax honeycomb.
  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to a repellent aromatic formulation of the Varroa bee parasite mite, capable of preventing the nesting of the mite in the honeycomb cells, comprising:
  • Said formulation must together present the organoleptic characteristics necessary to repel the mite, so that in those honeycombs treated with This formulation prevents the entry and nesting of the mite in each of the honeycomb cells where the queen bee lays the eggs and subsequently the larvae of new bees develop.
  • the liquid vegetable-based medium is an oil, such as, but not limited to, olive oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, coconut oil, cotton oil, palm oil, rapeseed, sesame oil, etc.
  • the oil is an olive oil.
  • aromatic additive of natural origin it is preferably selected from an essential oil of vegetable origin, an extract of plant origin other than essential oil and any combination thereof.
  • the essential oil is any liquid substance with a penetrating odor formed by mixtures of various chemical substances extracted from plants of very diverse families, preferably Labiadas, Rutáceas, Umbel ⁇ feras and Abietáceas, which closely resemble their physical characteristics to fats, but they distinguish them from being very volatile.
  • the essential oil of plant origin is selected from: savory essential oil, basil essential oil, caraway essential oil, celery essential oil, benzoin essential oil, bergamot essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, oil onion essentials, cardamom essential oil, coriander essential oil, cypress essential oil, clove essential oil, cumin essential oil, copaiba essential oil, turmeric essential oil, juniper essential oil, tarragon essential oil, oil eucalyptus essentials, gilbano essential oil, gaulteria essential oil, geranium essential oil, Luisa herb essential oil, fennel essential oil, hyssop essential oil, Frankincense essential oil, Nula essential oil, Jara essential oil, Jasmine essential oil, Laurel essential oil, Lemon essential oil, Tangerine essential oil, Marjoram essential oil, Melissa essential oil, Peppermint essential oil, oregano essential oil, black pepper essential oil, rosemary essential oil, sage essential oil, sandalwood essential oil, thyme essential oil, tur
  • An extract of vegetable origin other than essential oil is understood as any solid or thick product obtained, either by the evaporation of a juice or a solution of plant substances that are different from an essential oil, or by the grinding of at least one part of a plant selected from root, stem, leaves and inflorescence.
  • the extract of plant origin other than essential oil is selected from the group: savory extract, basil extract, caraway extract, celery extract, benzoin extract, bergamot extract, cinnamon extract, onion extract, cardamom extract, coriander extract, cypress extract, clove extract, cumin extract, copaiba extract, turmeric extract, juniper extract, tarragon extract, eucalyptus extract, galbano extract, gaulteria extract, extract Geranium, Luisa Herb Extract, Fennel Extract, Hyssop Extract, Incense Extract, Inula Extract, Jara Extract, Jasmine Extract, Laurel Extract, Lemon Extract, Tangerine Extract, Marjoram Extract, Melissa Extract , mint extract, oregano extract, black pepper extract, rosemary extract, sage extract, sandalwood extract, thyme extract, turpentine extract, vanilla extract, valerian extract, verbena extract, carrot extract, garlic extract, and any combination thereof. More preferably, the extract of vegetable origin other than essential oil is selected from the group:
  • the aromatic formulation in question can have multiple compositions.
  • the content of the liquid medium of vegetable base is comprised between 70% and 90% of the total mass of said formulation, including both limits.
  • the content of at least one aromatic additive of natural origin is between 10% and 30% of the total mass of said formulation, including both limits.
  • the at least one aromatic additive of plant origin is a rosemary extract and a thyme extract.
  • the rosemary extract is contained in an amount between 5% and 15% of the total mass of said formulation, including both limits.
  • the thyme extract is contained in an amount between 5% and 15% of the total mass of said formulation, including both limits.
  • the rosemary extract is contained in an amount between 5% and 15% by weight, and the thyme extract is contained in an amount between 5% and 15% by weight, based on the total mass of said formulation, including said limits.
  • the content of olive oil is between 70% and 90% by weight
  • the content of rosemary extract is between 5% and 15% by weight
  • the content of the thyme extract is between 5% and 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of said formulation, including said limits, so that the sum of the three components is of the 100%
  • the aromatic formulation is composed of olive oil in a content of 80% by weight, rosemary extract in a content of 10% by weight, and thyme extract in a content of 10% by weight, based on the total weight of said formulation, including said limits.
  • the present invention relates to a waxy composition characterized in that it comprises the aromatic formulation described above.
  • This waxy composition is obtained using the aromatic formulation described above and comprises a mixture of at least wax with said aromatic formulation.
  • the wax is beeswax, although sheets of synthetic materials (for example, plastic) are being used experimentally as a substitute for wax.
  • this waxy composition is obtained by homogeneously mixing and in continuous stirring the aromatic formulation with molten wax in a liquid state, more preferably, with melted beeswax in a liquid state.
  • the wax must be at a temperature equal to or greater than its melting temperature to keep in a liquid state over which the aromatic composition that is at room temperature is added to preserve its aromas to the maximum.
  • Said waxy composition may be presented in different compositions.
  • the wax content is between 65% and 99.9%, and that of the aromatic formulation between 0.1% and 35%, with respect to the total mass of said composition, including both limits. More preferably, the wax content is between 80% and 99%, and that of the aromatic formulation between 1% and 20%, with respect to the total mass of said composition, including both limits. Even more preferably, the wax content is between 95% and 98%, and that of the aromatic formulation between 2 -s and 5 -s, with respect to the total mass of said composition, including both limits.
  • the present invention contemplates the use, both of the waxy composition and of the aromatic formulation, to obtain a stamped wax honeycomb, following the usual known procedures.
  • stamped wax refers, herein, to a sheet of wax between 1 and 4 millimeters thick, on which the hexagons are printed from which the bee will construct the cells it will use for breeding or deposit of its processed and / or collected products, such as honey and pollen.
  • stamped wax can be manufactured by hand using molds where molten wax is dropped and then printed or stamped with the cells that make up the honeycomb by pressing.
  • it can also be obtained industrially, by specific machinery where the wax is first melted, in the form of a continuous sheet, which is subsequently stamped by the passage between rollers that print the cells.
  • honeycomb is understood as the structure of wax cells placed in parallel series designed for bees.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the waxy composition for the manufacture of flavored wax pieces.
  • the invention also makes reference to the piece of flavored wax comprising a waxy composition of the present invention.
  • these pieces of flavored wax can be attached inside those honeycomb cells that bees are intended for breeding, and that typically have a size between 6 and 9 mm.
  • the dimensions of said flavored wax pieces are comprised between 2.5 and 9 mm long, between 2.5 and 4 mm wide and between 1 and 2.5 mm thick, including said limits. These dimensions should be taken as statistically common, although the cells used by the bees may not have such dimensional characteristics, attending to different intrinsic factors of the hive itself or the environment in which it is located, hence it may not meet the indicated dimensional relationships.
  • a fifth aspect of the invention relates to the use of these pieces of flavored wax for the treatment or prevention of varroasis in honeycombs and beehives, by placing said pieces inside the cells of the honeycombs.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention relates to a patterned wax honeycomb comprising the waxy composition of the present invention.
  • the invention also relates to the method of obtaining a stamped wax honeycomb comprising a waxy composition defined herein.
  • the process for obtaining this type of stamped wax honeycomb is carried out according to conventional methods, and comprises a solidification of the waxy composition of the present invention in a liquid state, prior to the stamping or printing process of the cells that make up the honeycomb.
  • the method of obtaining the honeycomb comprises, prior to the solidification of said waxy composition, preparing the waxy composition in situ by homogeneously mixing the aromatic formulation with molten wax.
  • this invention also relates to the use of both the aromatic composition object of the invention, as well as the wax composition defined above, as well as the use of the wax honeycomb comprising said wax composition, and the wax pieces flavored of the present invention, for the treatment and prevention of varroasis in bee crops.
  • a final aspect of the present invention contemplates the use of the aromatic composition, the waxy composition, the wax honeycomb or the flavored wax pieces, all objects of the present invention, to prevent the nesting of the Varroa mite in honeycomb cells and beehives destined for bees to reproduce.
  • Example 1 Obtaining a repellent aromatic formulation of the Varroa mite.
  • a Varroa mite repellent aromatic formulation consisting of mixing: 80% by weight of olive oil, with 10% by weight of natural rosemary extract and with 10% in weight of natural thyme extract, based on the overall weight content of the mixture.
  • 200 g of natural rosemary and 200 g of thyme have been ground.
  • 1600 g of olive oil have been added, and it has been kept under stirring for half an hour to obtain the aromatic formulation.
  • Example 2 Obtaining a Varroa mite repellent aromatic waxy composition.
  • an amount of water (between 100 and 2000 mL) can be incorporated into the milling of the vegetables to facilitate the extraction of some of the aromas of these plants that produce the desired effects of the invention.
  • a waxy composition is obtained in a viscous liquid state, which can be used directly to obtain the wax combs, or solidify for later use.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une nouvelle formulation aromatique destinée à la lutte contre la varroase dans les ruches, qui empêche l'installation et la reproduction du parasite qui la produit. Cette formulation comprend une huile végétale et au moins un additif aromatique d'origine naturelle. L'invention a également pour objet une composition cireuse qui comprend ladite formulation aromatique. L'invention concerne en outre les utilisations et les formes d'application de ladite formulation aromatique et de ladite composition cireuse, pour la prévention et le traitement de la varroase.
PCT/ES2012/070054 2011-06-30 2012-01-31 Composition et procédé d'inhibition de la reproduction des varroa dans les ruches WO2013001116A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201131111 2011-06-30
ES201131111A ES2395675B1 (es) 2011-06-30 2011-06-30 Composición y procedimiento para inhibir la reproducción de la varroa en colmenas

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3019971A1 (fr) * 2014-04-22 2015-10-23 Greenpharma Sas Composition repulsive pour animaux sauvages ou domestiques
IT201600102636A1 (it) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-13 Conagit S P A Composizione ad azione antiparassitaria.
IT201900012264A1 (it) * 2019-07-18 2021-01-18 Nurares Srl Composizione utile nel trattamento della varroatosi
CN112335691A (zh) * 2020-10-23 2021-02-09 北京茂思商贸有限公司 一种抗菌除螨复合精油
WO2021035369A1 (fr) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-04 Hidalgo Gonzalez David Isaac Alejandro Composition, son procédé de préparation et son utilisation, qui provient d'un mélange organique naturel inoffensif non pollué similaire ou égal sur les plans chimiques et physiques à la cire d'abeilles

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021152198A1 (fr) * 2020-01-28 2021-08-05 Bermejo Aroca Maria Concepcion Substance acaricide naturelle pour la lutte contre la varroase dans les ruches
ES2846548A1 (es) * 2020-01-28 2021-07-28 Aroca Maria Concepcion Bermejo Sustancia acaricida natural para el control de la varroosis en colmenas
ES2890495A1 (es) * 2020-07-08 2022-01-20 Rivas Jose Daniel Fornos Compuesto biologico para lucha contra varroasis

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US20060008492A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Pablo Janowicz Composition and method for delivering chemical agent to insects
GB2425954A (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-15 Exosect Ltd Method of delivering a biologically active agent
US20080131538A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Starch foam microparticles
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WO1997047193A1 (fr) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-18 Vita (Europe) Limited Procede de lutte contre l'infestation par des colonies d'abeilles melliferes
US20060008492A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Pablo Janowicz Composition and method for delivering chemical agent to insects
GB2425954A (en) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-15 Exosect Ltd Method of delivering a biologically active agent
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CALDERONE, N. W. ET AL.: "Plant extracts used for control of the parasitic mites Varroa jacobsoni (Acari: Varroidae) and Acarapsis woodi (Acari: Tarsonemidae) in colonies of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae).", JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY, vol. 90, no. 5, 1997, pages 1080 - 1086 *
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3019971A1 (fr) * 2014-04-22 2015-10-23 Greenpharma Sas Composition repulsive pour animaux sauvages ou domestiques
IT201600102636A1 (it) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-13 Conagit S P A Composizione ad azione antiparassitaria.
IT201900012264A1 (it) * 2019-07-18 2021-01-18 Nurares Srl Composizione utile nel trattamento della varroatosi
WO2021009379A1 (fr) * 2019-07-18 2021-01-21 Nurares S.R.L. Composition utile dans le traitement de la varroatose
WO2021035369A1 (fr) * 2019-08-28 2021-03-04 Hidalgo Gonzalez David Isaac Alejandro Composition, son procédé de préparation et son utilisation, qui provient d'un mélange organique naturel inoffensif non pollué similaire ou égal sur les plans chimiques et physiques à la cire d'abeilles
CN112335691A (zh) * 2020-10-23 2021-02-09 北京茂思商贸有限公司 一种抗菌除螨复合精油
CN112335691B (zh) * 2020-10-23 2022-01-11 北京茂思商贸有限公司 一种抗菌除螨复合精油

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ES2395675A1 (es) 2013-02-14

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