WO2013000720A2 - Prélèvement régulé supplémentaire destiné à un préchauffeur pour améliorer la dynamique de l'installation et la régulation de fréquence dans une centrale thermique à vapeur - Google Patents

Prélèvement régulé supplémentaire destiné à un préchauffeur pour améliorer la dynamique de l'installation et la régulation de fréquence dans une centrale thermique à vapeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013000720A2
WO2013000720A2 PCT/EP2012/061278 EP2012061278W WO2013000720A2 WO 2013000720 A2 WO2013000720 A2 WO 2013000720A2 EP 2012061278 W EP2012061278 W EP 2012061278W WO 2013000720 A2 WO2013000720 A2 WO 2013000720A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
power plant
energy
preheater
turbine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/061278
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013000720A3 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang WIESENMÜLLER
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to RU2014102615/06A priority Critical patent/RU2014102615A/ru
Priority to EP12729098.9A priority patent/EP2712393A2/fr
Priority to CN201280031673.2A priority patent/CN103717846B/zh
Publication of WO2013000720A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013000720A2/fr
Publication of WO2013000720A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013000720A3/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/06—Returning energy of steam, in exchanged form, to process, e.g. use of exhaust steam for drying solid fuel or plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/40—Use of two or more feed-water heaters in series

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for a tap for a preheater, in particular for a high-pressure preheater, a steam power plant, in particular a coal-fired power plant, and a water-steam cycle in a steam power plant.
  • a steam power plant is a type of power plant for
  • the steam required for operating the steam turbine is first of all generated in a steam boiler, usually previously cleaned and conditioned (feed) water. By further heating the steam in a superheater, the temperature and specific volume of the steam increase. From the steam boiler, the steam flows via pipelines into the steam turbine, where it delivers part of its previously absorbed energy as kinetic energy to the turbine. To the turbine, a generator is coupled, which converts mechanical Leis ⁇ tion into electrical power.
  • the expanded and cooled steam flows into the con ⁇ capacitor, where it is condensed by heat transfer to the environment and accumulates as liquid water.
  • condensate pumps and preheaters through the water is temporarily stored in a feedwater tank and then fed via a feed pump to the boiler again, making a circuit is closed.
  • a coal-fired power plant is a special form of steam power plant in which coal is used as the main fuel for steam generation.
  • Such coal-fired power plants are known for lignite as well as hard coal.
  • the condenser being arranged ⁇ , in which the steam - after expansion in the turbine - the largest part of its heat transfer to the cooling water. During this process, the vapor liquefies by condensation.
  • the feed water pump promotes the resulting liquid water as feed water again in the water tube boiler, whereby the circuit is closed. All applicable in a steam power plant or coal power plant information, such as measured values, process ⁇ or state data is displayed in a control room, where, usually, evaluated in a central processing unit, wherein operation states of individual power plant components displayed, analyzed, monitored, controlled, and / or regulated.
  • a power plant operator can intervene in a Be ⁇ operating sequence of the coal power plant, for example by opening or closing a valve or a valve or by changing a supplied amount of fuel.
  • a central component of such a control room is a control computer, on which a block management, a central control or regulating and / or regulating unit, is implemented, by means of which a control, a control and / or a regulation of the steam or coal power plant can be carried out .
  • frequency control in power grids, a distinction is made between different types of frequency control, for example a primary control and a secondary control with or without a so-called dead band.
  • the frequency of the elec ⁇ tric energy is the integrating control variable and assumes the mains frequency rating, as long as power generation and power consumption are in balance.
  • the speeds of the power plant generators connected to a power grid are synchronized with this grid frequency.
  • Fluctuations in power consumption are distributed through the primary control system to the power plants involved in primary control throughout the power grid. For this, they provide a so-called primary control reserve, ie a power reserve, which is automatically supplied by the participating power plants to the power grid in order to compensate for the imbalance between generation and consumption within seconds by regulating the generation.
  • the primary control thus serves to stabilize the network frequency with as small a deviation as possible, but at a level deviating from a prescribed nominal power frequency value.
  • the subsequent to the primary control Sekundärregelun has the task to restore the balance between the Stromerzeu ⁇ like and consumers in the power grid and thereby the network frequency again to the predetermined Netzfre quenznennwert, z. B. 50 Hz, due.
  • the power plants involved in the secondary control provide a secondary control reserve in order to restore the grid frequency to the nominal grid frequency and restore the balance in the grid.
  • the Secondary control requested by a parent network controller in the power grid at the power plants involved in the secondary control - and then submitted to this request from the power plants in the power grid.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus which make it possible to improve the dynamic system behavior of a steam power plant, in particular a coal-fired power plant. It is also the object of the invention to improve the frequency control in a steam power plant or coal-fired power plant, in particular the rate of power change and / or the scope of performance, ie the power control reserve.
  • the object is achieved by the method for a tap for a pre-heater, particularly for a high-pressure preheater, a steam power plant, in particular of a coal power plant, as well as through a water-steam circuit at a steam ⁇ power plant, in particular a coal fired power station, having the features according to the respective independent claim solved.
  • a higher-energy steam is tapped on a turbine of the steam power plant and admixed with it to a low-energy steam tapped on the turbine.
  • the tapped mixed steam is consequently higher in energy than the tapped steam, to which the higher energy steam is added.
  • the attached ⁇ tapped blended a higher steam pressure and / or a higher temperature than the tapped steam, the applied ⁇ is mixed.
  • the vapor mixture of the low-energy and the admixed higher-energy steam is fed to a preheater, in particular a high-pressure preheater, of the steam power plant, in particular for heating a feedwater flowing through the preheater.
  • a preheater in particular a high-pressure preheater
  • the lead to a last high-pressure preheater stage.
  • Cianzapfung means that is precisely metered by control / regulation di admixture of the tapped higher-energy steam to the tapped low-energy steam, for example by exact adjustment of a flow of the tapped higher-energy steam.
  • An "economizer" inlet temperature or a feedwater end temperature can be used as the manipulated variable of such a control, whereby the control / regulation can be implemented in a block guide of the system.
  • a turbine and a preheater are arranged in the water-steam cycle.
  • Such preheaters are known as high-pressure preheaters or low-pressure preheaters.
  • high-pressure or low-pressure preheater Usually there are several such high-pressure or low-pressure preheater - as (preheating) stages - carried out one behind the other, in which the heating of the there passed through feed water (Hochtikvor Techr) or condensate (Niederdruckvor lockerr) over several re (temperature) stages.
  • a first tapping line is connected to the turbine, with which higher-energy steam can be tapped on the turbine.
  • a second Anzapflei ⁇ device is connected, with which low-energy steam can be tapped on the turbine.
  • the first and second bleed are connection element via a mixing ⁇ device, such as via a simple pipeline, coupled with which the concentrate see vapor from the first bleed line and the civilenerge diagram vapor from the second bleed are miscible.
  • a supply line is connected, with which the vapor mixture from the higher energy steam and the low-energy steam to the preheater, in particular the high-pressure preheater, in particular the last high-pressure preheater, fed, in particular to a heating of a flowing through the preheater Spei sebergs fed, is.
  • Last Hochdruckvorierresti referred to that high-pressure preheater stage or those high-pressure preheater, after which the feed water - from the preheating - finally exits and the steam generator is supplied.
  • the invention provides an admixture of a tapped on the turbine higher energy steam to a tapped on the turbine low-energy Damp fes, wherein the energy of the low-energy steam, in particular a temperature and a pressure ofmainenerge table steam is increased.
  • the vapor mixture is in particular used for the heating of the high-pressure preheater or fed through the high-pressure preheater feedwater.
  • the heating occurs in the last high-pressure preheater (also the highest Hochdruckvorskyrmmeasure be ⁇ records).
  • High pressure preheater possibly for several or all high pressure preheater, provided.
  • regulated / controlled admixing hö ⁇ herenergetischem steam to a low energy extraction steam can be achieved by increasing the temperature of the vapor Anzapf- rapid and targeted performance change of the location on ⁇ achieve particular in a partial load operation of the plant.
  • “Fast” in this context is to be understood as meaning that the increase in power sets in a short time, ie that a large positive roastgra ⁇ can be operated.
  • “Targeted” means that the change in power is regulated / controlled to a given power state.
  • the power change or performance increase may be required in the context of a frequency or primary and / or secondary control of the steam power plant, in particular of the coal power plant, or a fire fault of the steam power plant.
  • a power increase in the range of 2-15% of a rated power lie.
  • This power increase is particularly in a Zeitbe ⁇ range of 5-600 s, particularly preferably in the range of 5- 30 s, build up.
  • the additional power may then be maintained for a further period of time in the range of at least 5-50 minutes, especially for a period of 5-30 minutes.
  • the regulation / control can be performed by the guide block via an "economizer" inlet temperature or Suitewasserendtemperatur as a manipulated variable of the regulator / controller.
  • the invention proves in many respects to be fixed ⁇ Lich advantageous.
  • the invention makes it possible to improve the dynamic system behavior and the frequency regulation in a steam power plant, in particular in a coal-fired power plant, in an advantageous and advantageously simple manner.
  • the corresponding temperature gradients can be limited, thus ensuring a correspondingly gentle system operation.
  • the higher-energy steam and the low-energy steam are tapped on the same turbine part of the turbine, in particular on a high-pressure part or on a medium-pressure part of the turbine.
  • feed water is heated in the high-pressure preheater, in particular in a last high-pressure preheating stage, or else condensate is heated in a low-pressure preheater.
  • the admixing is controlled and / or controlled by the higher-energy steam to the low-energy steam, in particular by a block guide of the steam power plant and in particular by using an "economizer" inlet temperature or a feedwater end temperature as the manipulated variable.
  • the invention can be provided to use the invention to increase the temperature and / or increase the pressure of the low-energy steam tapped, wherein by the admixture of the higher-energy steam to the low-energy steam, a temperature of in particular up to about 20 Kelvin and / or a pressure in particular up to 5 bar is increased.
  • the invention can be used in a rapid, specific power change of the steam power plant, in particular the driven in a partial load operation of the steam power plant, where ⁇ is effected at the power change through the temperature increase of the low-energy steam tapped.
  • the invention can be used in a frequency control, in particular in a secondary and / or a primary control, in the steam power plant, wherein the mixing of the higher-energy steam to the low-energy steam, a rapid change in performance for a in the context of frequency control, in particular the Secondary and / or primary control, requested power change of the steam power plant is effected and / or by mixing of the higher-energy steam to the low-energy steam, a frequency control range, in particular a primary and / or secondary control range, is increased in the steam power plant.
  • the invention can be used for increasing smoothness in the steam power plant, wherein fire damage in the steam power plant by a rapid change in performance - achieved by a controlled and / or controlled mixing of the higher energy steam to the low-energy steam - are adjusted.
  • the invention can also be used in addition to an increase in power in the steam power plant by using a contained in a process medium of the steam power plant, in particular in addition to throttling a high-pressure turbine control valve, an overload introduction to a high pressure turbine part, a condensate backwater, a seepage water side bypass a Hochdruckvorierrs and / or a throttling a tapping steam line to the high pressure preheater.
  • the invention can also be used concurrently in an operation, in particular in a part-load operation, of the steam power plant for regulating fire damage of the steam power plant.
  • the water-steam cycle and / or the mixing device has a control / control device, in particular implemented in one
  • the water-steam circuit at least comprises two units from each of the first bleed, the second bleed, the mixing device and the supply line and with each one of the at least two preheater ⁇ A units, in particular a high-pressure preheater, is supplied with the respective vapor mixture.
  • the second bleed line of a first unit is also the first bleed line of a second unit. This makes it possible to achieve a cascaded vapor mixture supply to the preheaters, which reduces the need for additional lines.
  • a plurality of such units may be provided which supply several or all high-pressure preheaters, but at least one last high-pressure preheater stage, with the respective vapor mixture.
  • the corresponding temperature gradients can be limited, thus ensuring a correspondingly gentle system operation.
  • a steam power plant in particular coal power plant can be provided, which has a water-steam cycle according to the invention.
  • Darge ⁇ provides, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed section (HD turbine part) from the water-steam cycle according to FIG. 1,
  • High-pressure preheater for improving plant dynamics and frequency control in a steam power plant (coal-fired power plant) (FIGS. 1 to 3)
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show a water-steam circuit or detail sections from the water-steam cycle of a coal-fired steam power plant 1.
  • Heat released by this is absorbed by a water tube boiler, steam generator 2 for short, and converts fed (feed) water 3 into steam / high-pressure steam 4.
  • the high-pressure steam 4 produced in the steam generator 2 enters the high-pressure part 11 of the steam turbine 10 and performs mechanical work there under relaxation and cooling.
  • the exhaust steam from the turbine is condensed in the condenser 30 using the main cooling water.
  • the accumulated Hauptkonden ⁇ sat is supplied from the main condensate to the low pressure (LP) - preheaters 40 and the feedwater tank 50 and thereby in the preheating stages 42 each with bleed steam 41 from the turbine 10 and from the two each two-sided low ⁇ led low pressure parts 13, 14th the turbine 10 warmed up.
  • the two feed water pumps take the required feed water 51 and carry it to the steam generator 2 again with an increase in pressure and further heating in the high-pressure (HP) preheaters 60.
  • HP high-pressure
  • tapping steam 61 from the turbine 10 or from the high-pressure part 11 and the double-flow medium pressure part 12 of the turbine 10 is again used.
  • the preheating will stretch out ⁇ ND 40 and HD-60 of multi-stage pre-heaters, each with ⁇ wells several ND 42 or HD preheaters 62nd
  • Figs 2 and 3 show the supply of the high-pressure preheater 60, 62, 63, 64, 65 with tapped steam 61 and 78, 79 and 95 from the high-pressure section 11 (FIG 2) or from the double-flow agent ⁇ pressure part 12 of the turbine 10 (FIG 3).
  • FIG 2 shows, at three points 71, 72, 73 of the squat ⁇ pressure member 11 of the turbine 10 each (tap) steam 75, 76, 77 tapped on the turbine 10.
  • first tapping point 71 which close befin at ⁇
  • a transfer area 74 in the high pressure part 11 of the turbine 10 ⁇ det energy bleed steam 75 to the turbine 10 is discharged, which the Tar limestone- at the second tapping point 72 ten, compared to the bleed steam 75 low-energy steam 76 - is fed - regulated via a regulated flow controller 80.
  • This steam mixture 78 or this An ⁇ tap steam 78 is the last high-pressure preheater stage 63 of the HD preheaters 60 for preheating the feed water 51 supplied ⁇ leads.
  • the bleed steam 76 removed at the second bleed point 72 of the turbine 10 or the high-pressure stage 11 of the turbine 10 reaches the vapor 77 at the third bleed point 73, which is low-energy compared to the bleed steam 76 - via a regulated flow regulator 80 - fed regulated.
  • This steam mixture 79 or this An ⁇ tap steam 79 is supplied to the penultimate Hochdruckvormaschinerch 64 of the HP preheaters 60 for preheating the feedwater 51.
  • FIG 3 shows, at two points 91, 92 of the medium-pressure ⁇ part 12 of the turbine 10 also each (tap) steam 93, 94 tapped on the turbine 10.
  • the tapping steam 93 of the turbine 10 is discharged via the first tapping point 91 there, which is supplied in a controlled manner to the steam 94, which is discharged at the second tapping point 92 there, in comparison with the tapping steam 93-via a regulated flow regulator 80.
  • This vapor mixture 95 or ⁇ this bleeder 95 is a forward of the two Hoch réellevor Anlagenrhandn 63 and 64 Hoch réellevorskarhand 65 of the HD preheaters 60 supplied for preheating the feed water 51st
  • the regulation / control of the admixtures by means of the regulated flow controller 80 is carried out by the block management of the system via the feedwater end temperature as a control variable of the control / control.
  • the flow guidance of the fluids takes place by means of complex pipelines 82 or a complex pipeline system 82, which, inter alia, provides additional shut-offs 81 for flow guidance in the area of the control taps.
  • Control taps can each temperature increases in about up to 20 K or pressure increases in about up to 5 bar in the respective vapor mixtures reach.
  • the dynamic investment behavior and the frequency control in the coal-fired power plant can be improved in an efficient and simple manner.
  • the frequency or primary and / or secondary control range can be increased.
  • the smooth running of the system improve, especially if this measure ⁇ exception is used an ongoing basis, in order to correct small fire disturbances, rather than - as usual - the fire entspre ⁇ accordingly nachzufahren.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour réaliser un prélèvement destiné à un préchauffeur d'une centrale thermique à vapeur, ainsi qu'un circuit eau-vapeur d'une centrale thermique à vapeur. Selon l'invention, une vapeur riche en énergie est prélevée sur une turbine de la centrale thermique à vapeur et mélangée à une vapeur moins riche en énergie prélevée sur la turbine. Le mélange de vapeur constitué de vapeur moins riche en énergie et de vapeur ajoutée, plus riche en énergie, est acheminé à un préchauffeur, notamment un préchauffeur haute pression, plus particulièrement un dernier étage de préchauffage haute pression du préchauffeur haute pression, de la centrale thermique à vapeur, notamment pour réchauffer une eau d'alimentation s'écoulant à travers le préchauffeur. En mélangeant, notamment de manière régulée et/ou commandée, la vapeur plus riche en énergie à la vapeur moins riche en énergie (prélèvement régulé), on obtient une modification de puissance rapide de la centrale thermique à vapeur, en particulier lorsque cette dernière fonctionne en charge partielle, par l'intermédiaire d'une modification de la température de la vapeur moins riche en énergie.
PCT/EP2012/061278 2011-06-28 2012-06-14 Prélèvement régulé supplémentaire destiné à un préchauffeur pour améliorer la dynamique de l'installation et la régulation de fréquence dans une centrale thermique à vapeur WO2013000720A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2014102615/06A RU2014102615A (ru) 2011-06-28 2012-06-14 Дополнительный регулируемый отбор пара для подогревателя с целью улучшения динамики оборудования и регулирования частоты на пароэлектростанции
EP12729098.9A EP2712393A2 (fr) 2011-06-28 2012-06-14 Prélèvement régulé supplémentaire destiné à un préchauffeur pour améliorer la dynamique de l'installation et la régulation de fréquence dans une centrale thermique à vapeur
CN201280031673.2A CN103717846B (zh) 2011-06-28 2012-06-14 用于改进蒸汽发电厂中的设备动态性能和频率控制的对于预热器的附加控制抽汽

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011078193.5 2011-06-28
DE201110078193 DE102011078193A1 (de) 2011-06-28 2011-06-28 Zusätzliche Regelanzapfung für einen Vorwärmer zur Verbesserung der Anlagendynamik und Frequenzregelung bei einem Dampfkraftwerk

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013000720A2 true WO2013000720A2 (fr) 2013-01-03
WO2013000720A3 WO2013000720A3 (fr) 2013-12-19

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PCT/EP2012/061278 WO2013000720A2 (fr) 2011-06-28 2012-06-14 Prélèvement régulé supplémentaire destiné à un préchauffeur pour améliorer la dynamique de l'installation et la régulation de fréquence dans une centrale thermique à vapeur

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP2712393A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN103717846B (fr)
DE (1) DE102011078193A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2014102615A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013000720A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110645062A (zh) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-03 大唐郓城发电有限公司 参与一次调频的双机回热系统及其操作方法
CN115218245A (zh) * 2022-07-21 2022-10-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种通过供热抽汽节流提高机组灵活性的控制方法及系统
CN115218245B (zh) * 2022-07-21 2023-07-28 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种通过供热抽汽节流提高机组灵活性的控制方法及系统

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WO2013000720A3 (fr) 2013-12-19
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RU2014102615A (ru) 2015-08-10
DE102011078193A1 (de) 2013-01-03
CN103717846B (zh) 2015-11-25

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