WO2013000416A1 - Cover assembly and lithium ion battery comprising the same - Google Patents

Cover assembly and lithium ion battery comprising the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013000416A1
WO2013000416A1 PCT/CN2012/077673 CN2012077673W WO2013000416A1 WO 2013000416 A1 WO2013000416 A1 WO 2013000416A1 CN 2012077673 W CN2012077673 W CN 2012077673W WO 2013000416 A1 WO2013000416 A1 WO 2013000416A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing
cover plate
ceramic sealing
ceramic
electrode terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/077673
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Qisi DENG
Siyuan LIU
Lujian WANG
Yuchen He
Qiang Wu
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Byd Auto R & D Company Limited
Byd Company Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Byd Auto R & D Company Limited, Byd Company Limited filed Critical Shenzhen Byd Auto R & D Company Limited
Publication of WO2013000416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013000416A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/191—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/562—Terminals characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H01M50/566—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the battery field, and more particularly to a cover assembly and a lithium ion battery comprising the same.
  • a lithium ion battery is an ideal power source for a modern vehicle because of the advantages of non-pollution, low cost, high capacity, long cycle life, etc.
  • the lithium ion battery is formed by winding or stacking a positive plate, a separator and a negative plate sequentially to form an electric core, placing the electric core in a chamber formed by a battery shell and a cover plate, injecting an electrolyte in the chamber, and sealing an opening end of the battery shell, followed by formation. Therefore, in the lithium ion battery, it is very important to ensure the sealing performance of the battery by the cover plate. Whether the sealing performance of the battery is good may affect the safety, the sealing performance, the ageing resistance and the insulating performance of the lithium ion battery.
  • the sealing and the insulation of the lithium ion battery are mainly realized by a plastic member.
  • the compactness and the ageing resistance of the plastic member may be deteriorated to a large extent after the plastic member is immersed in the electrolyte for a long time, which may cause the ageing of the plastic member, sealing failure or the leakage of the battery etc.
  • a plastic is a combustible material, so safety risks of the battery may be triggered and the service life of the battery may be difficult to ensure.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure seek to solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art to at least some extent. Accordingly, a cover assembly may need to be provided, which may reduce the safety risks of a battery and prolong the service life thereof accordingly.
  • a lithium ion battery comprising the same may need to be provided.
  • a cover assembly may be provided.
  • the cover assembly comprises: a sealing cover plate for sealing an opening end of a shell of a battery; a ceramic sealing member fixedly disposed in at least a first via hole formed in the sealing cover plate which is insulated from the sealing cover plate; and an electrode terminal fixedly disposed in a second via hole formed in the ceramic sealing member for leading out a current from the battery, in which the electrode terminal is electrically insulated from the sealing cover plate by the ceramic sealing member.
  • a lithium ion battery may be provided.
  • the lithium ion battery comprises: a shell having at least an opening end; the cover assembly according to the first aspect of the present disclosure for sealing the opening end of the shell; and an electric core and an electrolyte which are received in a sealed space formed by the shell and the cover assembly, in which the electrode terminal is electrically connected with the electric core.
  • the cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure by using ceramic as the insulating material, the insulating performance and the corrosion resistance performance of the lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be enhanced significantly. Moreover, the cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is an incombustible sealing cover plate, thus enhancing the safety of the battery accordingly. Meanwhile, by using the cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the sealing strength of the battery may be increased, and the leakage of the battery and the fact that the electrolyte is polluted may be avoided effectively, thus prolonging the service life of the lithium ion battery.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a cover assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a lithium ion battery according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the cover assembly comprises a sealing cover plate 3, a ceramic sealing member 2 and an electrode terminal 1.
  • the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 may form an electrode structure 5 insulated from the sealing cover plate 3.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 is used for sealing an opening end of a battery shell.
  • At least a first via hole 32 is formed in the sealing cover plate 3.
  • the electrode structure 5 is disposed in the first via hole 32.
  • the ceramic sealing member 2 is fixedly disposed in the first via hole 32 and insulated from the sealing cover plate 3.
  • the battery shell has one opening end, and there are two first via holes 32 in the sealing cover plate 3 and two electrode structures 5 corresponding to the two first via holes 32.
  • the electrode terminal 1 penetrates through the first via hole 32 for leading out a current inside the battery.
  • the electrode terminal 1 is electrically insulated from the sealing cover plate 3 by the ceramic sealing member 2.
  • the ceramic sealing member 2 may comprise a first ceramic sealing portion 22 and a second ceramic sealing portion 21.
  • the second ceramic sealing portion 21 is fixedly connected with the first ceramic sealing portion 22 and received in the first via hole 32, and the first ceramic sealing portion 22 is configured to completely cover the first via hole 32.
  • the first ceramic sealing portion 22 and the second ceramic sealing portion 21 may be integrally formed.
  • the aperture size of the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3 needs to be mated with the outer diameter of the second ceramic sealing portion 21, and in one embodiment, the aperture size of the first via hole 32 needs to be smaller than the outer diameter of the first ceramic sealing portion 22, thus ensuring that the second ceramic sealing portion 21 penetrates through the first via hole 32 and at least a portion of the first ceramic sealing portion 22 may be positioned on the upper surface of the sealing cover plate 3 and ensuring good sealing performance between the sealing cover plate 3 and the ceramic sealing member 2.
  • the ceramic sealing member 2 may be made of AI 2 O 3 system ceramics.
  • a second via hole 23 is formed in the ceramic sealing member 2, and the electrode terminal 1 penetrates through and is fixedly disposed in the second via hole 23 for leading out a current from the battery.
  • the electrode terminal 1 comprises a pole portion 11 and a pole cap portion 12.
  • the pole cap portion 12 is fixedly connected with the pole portion 11 and disposed on an upper surface of the first ceramic sealing portion 22.
  • the pole portion 11 may penetrate through and be received in the second via hole 23.
  • the pole cap portion 12 is disposed on an end of the pole portion 11 and fastened on the ceramic sealing member 2. Therefore, the aperture size of the second via hole 23 in the ceramic sealing member 2 needs to be mated with the outer diameter of the pole portion 11, and needs to be smaller than the outer diameter of the pole cap portion 12, thus ensuring that the pole portion 11 penetrates through the second via hole 23 and the pole cap portion 12 is fixed on the ceramic sealing member 2 and ensuring good sealing performance between the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1.
  • the electrode terminal 1 is used to be connected with a tab of an electric core.
  • the electrode terminal 1 may be connected with a positive tab, and alternatively it may also be connected with a negative tab of the electric core.
  • the electrode terminal 1 may be made of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the electrode terminal 1 may be connected with the negative tab, the electrode terminal 1 may be made of pure copper or a copper alloy.
  • the pole portion 11 and the pole cap portion 12 of the electrode terminal 1 may be integrally formed.
  • the pole portion 11 and the pole cap portion 12 may be made separately, and then formed into the electrode terminal 1 with an integral structure by welding or cold heading.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 may be assembled on an end of the battery shell for sealing thereof accordingly.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 comprises a buffer structure 31 for buffering the deformation of the sealing cover plate 3.
  • the buffer structure 31 is integrally formed with the sealing cover plate 3, and is adjacent to the first via hole 32, thus buffering and absorbing in time the mechanical stress produced during the process of fixedly connecting the sealing cover plate 3 with the ceramic sealing member 2, enhancing the flexural strength of the sealing cover plate 3, and ensuring good sealing performance of the cover assembly.
  • the buffer structure 31 is configured into an outwardly folded annular protrusion, concaved groove or wrinkled portion to buffer stress caused. For example, as shown in Figs. 1-2, the buffer structure 31 is configured into an annular hollowed protrusion.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 may be made of materials commonly used in the art, for example, pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the shape of the sealing cover plate 3 may be adapted to that of the battery.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 may have a circular shape, a square shape or a rounded square shape etc.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 is fixedly connected with the ceramic sealing member 2, and the ceramic sealing member 2 is fixedly connected with the electrode terminal 1.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 and the ceramic sealing member 2 are fixedly connected with each other through a first metal welding layer (not shown), and the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 are fixedly connected with each other through a second metal welding layer (not shown).
  • the first metal welding layer may be formed by surface metallizing the ceramic sealing member 2 and welding the metallized ceramic sealing member 2 with the sealing cover plate 3 by, for example, a soldering process.
  • the second metal welding layer is formed by surface metallizing the ceramic sealing member 2 and welding the metallized ceramic sealing member 2 with the electrode terminal 1 by, for example, a soldering process.
  • soldering process is commonly used in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted here for clarity purpose.
  • a substrate to be welded may be integrally connected at the welding joint, that is, the sealing cover plate 3 and the ceramic sealing member 2 are welded into an integral structure, and the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 are welded into an integral structure.
  • the sealing strength may be ensured; on the other hand, the interfacial difference of materials may be reduced, thus reducing the internal resistance of the cover assembly as well as the heat generated by the battery.
  • the portion of the ceramic sealing member 2 to be welded needs to be metallized before welding.
  • the metallizing step may be performed by commonly used ceramic surface metallizing processes in the art, for example, Mn-Mo surface metallizing.
  • Mn-Mo surface metallizing In one embodiment, after the ceramic metallizing, nickel, zinc, aluminum and other elements which do not affect the welding may be further plated, so as to enhance the mechanical strength at the welding joint.
  • the method mainly comprises: metallizing the ceramic sealing member 2 to be welded, inserting the ceramic sealing member 2 into the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3, inserting the electrode terminal 1 into the second via hole 23 in the ceramic sealing member 2, and then performing welding at the first and second via holes 23 by a soldering process.
  • the method may comprise: inserting the metallized ceramic sealing member 2 into the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3, performing welding at the first via hole 32 by a soldering process to fixedly connect the ceramic sealing member 2 with the sealing cover plate 3, inserting the electrode terminal 1 into the second via hole 23 in the ceramic sealing member 2, and then performing welding at the second via hole 23 by a soldering process.
  • the method may comprise: inserting the electrode terminal 1 into the second via hole 23 in the metallized ceramic sealing member 2, performing welding at the second via hole 23 by a soldering process, inserting an integral structure formed by the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 into the sealing cover plate 3 so as to insert the second ceramic sealing portion 21 of the ceramic sealing member 2 into the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3, and then performing welding at the first via hole 32 by a soldering process.
  • the cover assembly may further comprise a transition metal ring 4.
  • the transition metal ring 4 may be disposed between the first ceramic sealing portion 22 of the ceramic sealing member 2 and an upper surface 33 of the sealing cover plate 3, and, alternatively, another transition metal ring 4 may be further disposed between the pole cap portion 12 and an upper surface 221 of the first ceramic sealing portion 22.
  • the transition metal rings 4 may be used to buffer or reduce the mechanical stress produced during the soldering process.
  • the transition metal ring 4 may be made of various metal materials which may be easily welded with copper, a copper alloy, aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the transition metal ring may be made of Kovar alloy or stainless steel.
  • the largest outer diameter of the transition metal ring 4 may be identical with or different from the outer diameter of the first ceramic sealing portion 22 of the ceramic sealing member 2.
  • nickel, aluminum and other elements which do not affect the welding on the surface of the transition metal ring may be further plated to enhance the mechanical strength at the welding joint.
  • a lithium ion battery comprising the above-mentioned cover assembly may be provided.
  • the lithium ion battery comprises a shell 101 having at least an opening end 102, the above-mentioned cover assembly for sealing the opening end 102 of the shell 101, and an electric core and an electrolyte which are received in a sealed space formed by the shell 101 and the cover assembly, in which the electrode terminal 3 is electrically connected with the electric core.
  • a first tab and a second tab are led out from the electric core respectively.
  • the sealing cover plate 3 of the cover assembly is formed with two first via holes 32, and one electrode structure 5 is disposed in each first via hole 32.
  • Two electrode structures 5 are electrically connected with the first tab and the second tab respectively for leading out current from inside the lithium ion battery.
  • the electric core is an assembly for providing electric energy, which is formed by winding or stacking a positive plate, a separator and a negative plate sequentially.
  • a positive tab is led out from the positive plate
  • a negative tab is led out from the negative plate
  • the positive tab and the negative tab are connected with the sealing cover plate 3 and the electrode terminal 1 by welding, etc. respectively.
  • the processes of manufacturing the positive plate, the separator and the negative plate as well as other electric core manufacturing processes are well known in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein for clarity purpose.
  • the shell 101 may have two opening ends 102.
  • the lithium ion battery comprises the shell 101 having two opening ends 102, two cover assemblies 5 for sealing the two opening ends 102 of the shell respectively, and an electric core and an electrolyte which are received in a sealed space formed by the shell 101 and the cover assembly.
  • a first tab and a second tab are led out from the electric core respectively.
  • the first tab and the second tab are electrically connected with the electrode terminals 1 of the two cover assemblies at the two opening ends 102 of the shell 101 respectively.
  • the electrode terminal 1 of one of the two cover assemblies is electrically connected with one end of the electric core
  • the other electrode terminal 1 of the other of the two cover assemblies is electrically connected with the other end of the electric core.
  • the structures of the two cover assemblies on the two opening ends 102 of the shell 101 are completely identical, and the first tab and the second tab are electrically connected with the electrode terminals 1 of the two cover assemblies on the two opening ends 102 of the shell 101 respectively, as shown in Fig. 4, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein for clarity purpose.

Abstract

A cover assembly and a lithium ion battery comprising the same are provided. The cover assembly comprises: a sealing cover plate (3) for sealing an opening end of a shell of a battery; a ceramic sealing member (2) fixedly disposed in at least a first via hole formed in the sealing cover plate (3) which is insulated from the sealing cover plate (3); and an electrode terminal (1) fixedly disposed in a second via hole formed in the ceramic sealing member (2) for leading out a current from the battery, in which the electrode terminal (1) is electrically insulated from the sealing cover plate (3) by the ceramic sealing member (2).

Description

COVER ASSEMBLY AND LITHIUM ION BATTERY COMPRISING THE SAME
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims priority to and benefits of Chinese Patent Application Serial No. 201110175937.9, filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of P. R. China on June 28, 2011, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD
The present disclosure relates to the battery field, and more particularly to a cover assembly and a lithium ion battery comprising the same.
BACKGROUND
A lithium ion battery is an ideal power source for a modern vehicle because of the advantages of non-pollution, low cost, high capacity, long cycle life, etc. The lithium ion battery is formed by winding or stacking a positive plate, a separator and a negative plate sequentially to form an electric core, placing the electric core in a chamber formed by a battery shell and a cover plate, injecting an electrolyte in the chamber, and sealing an opening end of the battery shell, followed by formation. Therefore, in the lithium ion battery, it is very important to ensure the sealing performance of the battery by the cover plate. Whether the sealing performance of the battery is good may affect the safety, the sealing performance, the ageing resistance and the insulating performance of the lithium ion battery.
Currently, the sealing and the insulation of the lithium ion battery are mainly realized by a plastic member. However, the compactness and the ageing resistance of the plastic member may be deteriorated to a large extent after the plastic member is immersed in the electrolyte for a long time, which may cause the ageing of the plastic member, sealing failure or the leakage of the battery etc. In addition, a plastic is a combustible material, so safety risks of the battery may be triggered and the service life of the battery may be difficult to ensure.
SUMMARY
Embodiments of the present disclosure seek to solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art to at least some extent. Accordingly, a cover assembly may need to be provided, which may reduce the safety risks of a battery and prolong the service life thereof accordingly.
Further, a lithium ion battery comprising the same may need to be provided.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a cover assembly may be provided. The cover assembly comprises: a sealing cover plate for sealing an opening end of a shell of a battery; a ceramic sealing member fixedly disposed in at least a first via hole formed in the sealing cover plate which is insulated from the sealing cover plate; and an electrode terminal fixedly disposed in a second via hole formed in the ceramic sealing member for leading out a current from the battery, in which the electrode terminal is electrically insulated from the sealing cover plate by the ceramic sealing member.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a lithium ion battery may be provided.
The lithium ion battery comprises: a shell having at least an opening end; the cover assembly according to the first aspect of the present disclosure for sealing the opening end of the shell; and an electric core and an electrolyte which are received in a sealed space formed by the shell and the cover assembly, in which the electrode terminal is electrically connected with the electric core.
With the cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by using ceramic as the insulating material, the insulating performance and the corrosion resistance performance of the lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be enhanced significantly. Moreover, the cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is an incombustible sealing cover plate, thus enhancing the safety of the battery accordingly. Meanwhile, by using the cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the sealing strength of the battery may be increased, and the leakage of the battery and the fact that the electrolyte is polluted may be avoided effectively, thus prolonging the service life of the lithium ion battery.
Additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of present disclosure will be given in part in the following descriptions, become apparent in part from the following descriptions, or be learned from the practice of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These and other aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present disclosure will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following descriptions made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a cover assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a lithium ion battery according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Reference will be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments described herein with reference to drawings are explanatory, illustrative, and used to generally understand the present disclosure. The embodiments shall not be construed to limit the present disclosure. The same or similar elements and the elements having same or similar functions are denoted by like reference numerals throughout the descriptions.
The cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below in detail.
As shown in Fig. 1, in one embodiment, the cover assembly comprises a sealing cover plate 3, a ceramic sealing member 2 and an electrode terminal 1. The ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 may form an electrode structure 5 insulated from the sealing cover plate 3. The sealing cover plate 3 is used for sealing an opening end of a battery shell.
At least a first via hole 32 is formed in the sealing cover plate 3. The electrode structure 5 is disposed in the first via hole 32. Particularly, the ceramic sealing member 2 is fixedly disposed in the first via hole 32 and insulated from the sealing cover plate 3. In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4, there are only one first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3 and one electrode structure 5 corresponding to the one first via hole 32 at each opening end of the battery shell. In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3, the battery shell has one opening end, and there are two first via holes 32 in the sealing cover plate 3 and two electrode structures 5 corresponding to the two first via holes 32.
The electrode terminal 1 penetrates through the first via hole 32 for leading out a current inside the battery. The electrode terminal 1 is electrically insulated from the sealing cover plate 3 by the ceramic sealing member 2.
As shown in Fig. 1, the ceramic sealing member 2 may comprise a first ceramic sealing portion 22 and a second ceramic sealing portion 21. The second ceramic sealing portion 21 is fixedly connected with the first ceramic sealing portion 22 and received in the first via hole 32, and the first ceramic sealing portion 22 is configured to completely cover the first via hole 32. In one embodiment, the first ceramic sealing portion 22 and the second ceramic sealing portion 21 may be integrally formed. Therefore, the aperture size of the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3 needs to be mated with the outer diameter of the second ceramic sealing portion 21, and in one embodiment, the aperture size of the first via hole 32 needs to be smaller than the outer diameter of the first ceramic sealing portion 22, thus ensuring that the second ceramic sealing portion 21 penetrates through the first via hole 32 and at least a portion of the first ceramic sealing portion 22 may be positioned on the upper surface of the sealing cover plate 3 and ensuring good sealing performance between the sealing cover plate 3 and the ceramic sealing member 2. For example, the ceramic sealing member 2 may be made of AI2O3 system ceramics.
In one embodiment, a second via hole 23 is formed in the ceramic sealing member 2, and the electrode terminal 1 penetrates through and is fixedly disposed in the second via hole 23 for leading out a current from the battery.
In one embodiment, the electrode terminal 1 comprises a pole portion 11 and a pole cap portion 12. The pole cap portion 12 is fixedly connected with the pole portion 11 and disposed on an upper surface of the first ceramic sealing portion 22. The pole portion 11 may penetrate through and be received in the second via hole 23. The pole cap portion 12 is disposed on an end of the pole portion 11 and fastened on the ceramic sealing member 2. Therefore, the aperture size of the second via hole 23 in the ceramic sealing member 2 needs to be mated with the outer diameter of the pole portion 11, and needs to be smaller than the outer diameter of the pole cap portion 12, thus ensuring that the pole portion 11 penetrates through the second via hole 23 and the pole cap portion 12 is fixed on the ceramic sealing member 2 and ensuring good sealing performance between the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1. The electrode terminal 1 is used to be connected with a tab of an electric core. For example, the electrode terminal 1 may be connected with a positive tab, and alternatively it may also be connected with a negative tab of the electric core. If the electrode terminal 1 may be connected with the positive tab, the electrode terminal 1 may be made of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy. If the electrode terminal 1 may be connected with the negative tab, the electrode terminal 1 may be made of pure copper or a copper alloy. In one embodiment, the pole portion 11 and the pole cap portion 12 of the electrode terminal 1 may be integrally formed. In another embodiment, the pole portion 11 and the pole cap portion 12 may be made separately, and then formed into the electrode terminal 1 with an integral structure by welding or cold heading.
The sealing cover plate 3 may be assembled on an end of the battery shell for sealing thereof accordingly. To prevent reduced sealing strength or effect caused by the fact that the mechanical stress produced during the process of fixedly connecting the sealing cover plate 3 with the shell or the ceramic sealing member 2 may not be dispersed in time, in one embodiment, the sealing cover plate 3 comprises a buffer structure 31 for buffering the deformation of the sealing cover plate 3. The buffer structure 31 is integrally formed with the sealing cover plate 3, and is adjacent to the first via hole 32, thus buffering and absorbing in time the mechanical stress produced during the process of fixedly connecting the sealing cover plate 3 with the ceramic sealing member 2, enhancing the flexural strength of the sealing cover plate 3, and ensuring good sealing performance of the cover assembly. The buffer structure 31 is configured into an outwardly folded annular protrusion, concaved groove or wrinkled portion to buffer stress caused. For example, as shown in Figs. 1-2, the buffer structure 31 is configured into an annular hollowed protrusion.
The sealing cover plate 3 may be made of materials commonly used in the art, for example, pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The shape of the sealing cover plate 3 may be adapted to that of the battery. For example, the sealing cover plate 3 may have a circular shape, a square shape or a rounded square shape etc.
In some embodiments, the sealing cover plate 3 is fixedly connected with the ceramic sealing member 2, and the ceramic sealing member 2 is fixedly connected with the electrode terminal 1. In one embodiment, the sealing cover plate 3 and the ceramic sealing member 2 are fixedly connected with each other through a first metal welding layer (not shown), and the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 are fixedly connected with each other through a second metal welding layer (not shown). The first metal welding layer may be formed by surface metallizing the ceramic sealing member 2 and welding the metallized ceramic sealing member 2 with the sealing cover plate 3 by, for example, a soldering process. The second metal welding layer is formed by surface metallizing the ceramic sealing member 2 and welding the metallized ceramic sealing member 2 with the electrode terminal 1 by, for example, a soldering process. The soldering process is commonly used in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted here for clarity purpose. By the soldering process, a substrate to be welded may be integrally connected at the welding joint, that is, the sealing cover plate 3 and the ceramic sealing member 2 are welded into an integral structure, and the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 are welded into an integral structure. On one hand, the sealing strength may be ensured; on the other hand, the interfacial difference of materials may be reduced, thus reducing the internal resistance of the cover assembly as well as the heat generated by the battery.
Because the ceramic sealing member 2 is an insulator, the portion of the ceramic sealing member 2 to be welded needs to be metallized before welding. The metallizing step may be performed by commonly used ceramic surface metallizing processes in the art, for example, Mn-Mo surface metallizing. In one embodiment, after the ceramic metallizing, nickel, zinc, aluminum and other elements which do not affect the welding may be further plated, so as to enhance the mechanical strength at the welding joint.
The method of manufacturing the cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be simply described below. In one embodiment, the method mainly comprises: metallizing the ceramic sealing member 2 to be welded, inserting the ceramic sealing member 2 into the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3, inserting the electrode terminal 1 into the second via hole 23 in the ceramic sealing member 2, and then performing welding at the first and second via holes 23 by a soldering process. In another embodiment, the method may comprise: inserting the metallized ceramic sealing member 2 into the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3, performing welding at the first via hole 32 by a soldering process to fixedly connect the ceramic sealing member 2 with the sealing cover plate 3, inserting the electrode terminal 1 into the second via hole 23 in the ceramic sealing member 2, and then performing welding at the second via hole 23 by a soldering process. In yet another embodiment, the method may comprise: inserting the electrode terminal 1 into the second via hole 23 in the metallized ceramic sealing member 2, performing welding at the second via hole 23 by a soldering process, inserting an integral structure formed by the ceramic sealing member 2 and the electrode terminal 1 into the sealing cover plate 3 so as to insert the second ceramic sealing portion 21 of the ceramic sealing member 2 into the first via hole 32 in the sealing cover plate 3, and then performing welding at the first via hole 32 by a soldering process.
In an alternative embodiment, the cover assembly may further comprise a transition metal ring 4. As shown in Fig. 2, the transition metal ring 4 may be disposed between the first ceramic sealing portion 22 of the ceramic sealing member 2 and an upper surface 33 of the sealing cover plate 3, and, alternatively, another transition metal ring 4 may be further disposed between the pole cap portion 12 and an upper surface 221 of the first ceramic sealing portion 22. The transition metal rings 4 may be used to buffer or reduce the mechanical stress produced during the soldering process.
The transition metal ring 4 may be made of various metal materials which may be easily welded with copper, a copper alloy, aluminum or an aluminum alloy. For example, the transition metal ring may be made of Kovar alloy or stainless steel. The largest outer diameter of the transition metal ring 4 may be identical with or different from the outer diameter of the first ceramic sealing portion 22 of the ceramic sealing member 2.
In one embodiment, nickel, aluminum and other elements which do not affect the welding on the surface of the transition metal ring may be further plated to enhance the mechanical strength at the welding joint.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a lithium ion battery comprising the above-mentioned cover assembly may be provided.
In one embodiment, the lithium ion battery comprises a shell 101 having at least an opening end 102, the above-mentioned cover assembly for sealing the opening end 102 of the shell 101, and an electric core and an electrolyte which are received in a sealed space formed by the shell 101 and the cover assembly, in which the electrode terminal 3 is electrically connected with the electric core. A first tab and a second tab are led out from the electric core respectively.
As shown in Fig. 3, the sealing cover plate 3 of the cover assembly is formed with two first via holes 32, and one electrode structure 5 is disposed in each first via hole 32. Two electrode structures 5 are electrically connected with the first tab and the second tab respectively for leading out current from inside the lithium ion battery.
The electric core is an assembly for providing electric energy, which is formed by winding or stacking a positive plate, a separator and a negative plate sequentially. In the electric core, a positive tab is led out from the positive plate, a negative tab is led out from the negative plate, and the positive tab and the negative tab are connected with the sealing cover plate 3 and the electrode terminal 1 by welding, etc. respectively. The processes of manufacturing the positive plate, the separator and the negative plate as well as other electric core manufacturing processes are well known in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein for clarity purpose.
In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4, the shell 101 may have two opening ends 102. Particularly, the lithium ion battery comprises the shell 101 having two opening ends 102, two cover assemblies 5 for sealing the two opening ends 102 of the shell respectively, and an electric core and an electrolyte which are received in a sealed space formed by the shell 101 and the cover assembly. A first tab and a second tab are led out from the electric core respectively. The first tab and the second tab are electrically connected with the electrode terminals 1 of the two cover assemblies at the two opening ends 102 of the shell 101 respectively. Particularly, the electrode terminal 1 of one of the two cover assemblies is electrically connected with one end of the electric core, and the other electrode terminal 1 of the other of the two cover assemblies is electrically connected with the other end of the electric core.
The structures of the two cover assemblies on the two opening ends 102 of the shell 101 are completely identical, and the first tab and the second tab are electrically connected with the electrode terminals 1 of the two cover assemblies on the two opening ends 102 of the shell 101 respectively, as shown in Fig. 4, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted herein for clarity purpose.
Although explanatory embodiments have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the above embodiments can not be construed to limit the present disclosure, and changes, alternatives, and modifications can be made in the embodiments without departing from spirit, principles and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A cover assembly, comprising:
a sealing cover plate for sealing an opening end of a shell of a battery;
a ceramic sealing member fixedly disposed in at least a first via hole formed in the sealing cover plate which is insulated from the sealing cover plate; and
an electrode terminal fixedly disposed in a second via hole formed in the ceramic sealing member for leading out a current from the battery, wherein
the electrode terminal is electrically insulated from the sealing cover plate by the ceramic sealing member.
2. The cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic sealing member comprises: a first ceramic sealing portion; and
a second ceramic sealing portion fixedly connected with the first ceramic sealing portion and received in the first via hole, and the first ceramic sealing portion is configured to completely cover the first via hole.
3. The cover assembly according to claim 2, wherein a transition metal ring is further disposed between the first ceramic sealing portion and an upper surface of the sealing cover plate.
4. The cover assembly according to claim 2, wherein the electrode terminal comprises:
a pole portion received in the second via hole; and
a pole cap portion fixedly connected with the pole portion and disposed on an upper surface of the first ceramic sealing portion.
5. The cover assembly according to claim 4, wherein a transition metal ring is further disposed between the pole cap portion and the upper surface of the first ceramic sealing portion.
6. The cover assembly according to claim 3 or 5, wherein the transition metal ring is made of Kovar alloy or stainless steel.
7. The cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein the sealing cover plate comprises a buffer structure adjacent to the first via hole for buffering the deformation of the sealing cover plate.
8. The cover assembly according to claim 7, wherein the buffer structure is configured into an outwardly folded annular protrusion, concaved groove or wrinkled portion.
9. The cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein the sealing cover plate is made of pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy; the ceramic sealing member is made of AI2O3 system ceramics; and the electrode terminal is made of pure aluminum, an aluminum alloy, pure copper or a copper alloy.
10. The cover assembly according to claim 1, wherein the sealing cover plate and the ceramic sealing member are fixedly connected with each other through a first metal welding layer which is formed by surface metallizing the ceramic sealing member and welding the surface metallized ceramic sealing member with the sealing cover plate, and the ceramic sealing member and the electrode terminal are fixedly connected with each other through a second metal welding layer which is formed by metallizing the ceramic sealing member and welding the metallized ceramic sealing member with the electrode terminal.
11. A lithium ion battery, comprising:
a shell having at least an opening end;
the cover assembly according to any one of claims 1-10 for sealing the opening end of the shell; and
an electric core and an electrolyte which are received in a sealed space formed by the shell and the cover assembly, wherein
the electrode terminal is electrically connected with the electric core.
12. The lithium ion battery according to claim 11, comprising:
a shell having two opening ends; and
two cover assemblies for sealing the two opening ends of the shell respectively, wherein the electrode terminal of one of the two cover assemblies is electrically connected with one end of the electric core, and the electrode terminal of the other of the two cover assemblies is electrically connected with the other end of the electric core.
PCT/CN2012/077673 2011-06-28 2012-06-27 Cover assembly and lithium ion battery comprising the same WO2013000416A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CN201110175937.9A CN102856514B (en) 2011-06-28 2011-06-28 A cover plate assembly and lithium ion battery containing the cover plate assembly

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