WO2012175012A1 - Electronic detonator encoder - Google Patents

Electronic detonator encoder Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012175012A1
WO2012175012A1 PCT/CN2012/077165 CN2012077165W WO2012175012A1 WO 2012175012 A1 WO2012175012 A1 WO 2012175012A1 CN 2012077165 W CN2012077165 W CN 2012077165W WO 2012175012 A1 WO2012175012 A1 WO 2012175012A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
circuit
communication
electronic detonator
pair
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/077165
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
颜景龙
张宪玉
刘星
李风国
王传宝
赖华平
Original Assignee
北京北方邦杰科技发展有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 北京北方邦杰科技发展有限公司 filed Critical 北京北方邦杰科技发展有限公司
Priority to EA201400049A priority Critical patent/EA025654B1/en
Priority to AU2012272289A priority patent/AU2012272289A1/en
Publication of WO2012175012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012175012A1/en
Priority to ZA2014/00530A priority patent/ZA201400530B/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
    • F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output
    • G05B19/0425—Safety, monitoring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of pyrotechnics control, in particular to an electronic detonator encoder for an electronic detonator detonating network.
  • Patent Application Document 200810135028.0 A technical solution for an electronic detonator detonating device that can be used with an electronic detonator is disclosed.
  • the technical solution constructs the basic framework of the electronic detonator detonating device. It realizes the basic functions required for two-way communication with electronic detonators and detonation of electronic detonators.
  • FIG. 1-1 A schematic diagram of the detonating network in use of the above-described electronic detonator detonating device is shown in Figure 1-1.
  • the detonating network routes a detonating device 100 At least one electronic detonator 200, and a signal bus 300 connecting the detonating device 100 and the electronic detonator 200, and the electronic detonator 200 is connected in parallel by the detonating device 100
  • the signal bus is drawn between 300.
  • the detonating device 100 and the electronic detonator 200 pass the signal bus 300
  • the transfer of energy and data is performed, thereby realizing the management and control of the detonating process and the detonating energy of the detonating device, and realizing the two-way data interaction with the electronic detonator.
  • the detonating device of the above technical solution includes a signal modulation transmitting module, and the module further includes a signal modulation module and a boosting module. See Figure 1-2. .
  • the boost module is used to generate The required detonation voltage is charged to the energy storage device in the electronic detonator.
  • the boosting module increases the voltage of the power output and outputs the signal to the signal bus through the switching of the signal modulation module to charge the detonating storage capacitor in the internal energy storage device of the electronic detonator; the signal modulation module is used to connect to the signal bus.
  • the program The management and control of the energy required by the detonating device for the electronic detonator are realized: on the one hand, in the communication phase, the voltage on the signal bus is controlled to a lower communication voltage to ensure the safety of the detonating network communication process; In the detonation phase, the voltage on the signal bus is switched to the high voltage output through the boost module, that is, the above-mentioned detonation voltage, thereby ensuring that the electronic detonator obtains sufficient detonating energy.
  • the signal modulation module also performs modulation of data when the detonating device transmits data to the electronic detonator, thereby implementing DC carrier communication between the detonating device and the electronic detonator.
  • the control module controls the switching of the voltage outputted by the signal modulation module between the communication voltage and the detonation voltage, so that the communication bus always outputs a lower communication voltage when the detonating device communicates with the electronic detonator. Only when the detonation preparation is completed and the detonation storage capacitor needs to be charged, the communication voltage on the signal bus is switched to a higher detonation voltage, which can ensure the safety of the communication process to a certain extent. However, due to the detonating device 100 It has the ability to output a higher detonation voltage.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above drawbacks of the prior art, and provide an electronic detonator network device capable of two-way communication with an electronic detonator and ensuring the intrinsic safety of the communication process, that is, the electronic detonator encoder of the present invention. .
  • the electronic detonator encoder has two ends connected to an electronic detonator initiator, and the other ends lead to a signal bus, and at least one electronic detonator is connected in parallel between the signal buses.
  • An electronic detonator detonator, at least one electronic detonator encoder connected in parallel to the electronic detonator detonator, and one or more electronic detonators connected in parallel to the electronic detonator encoder form an electronic detonator detonating network as described herein.
  • the electronic detonator encoder of the present invention comprises a power source, a power management module, a pair communication module, a pair communication module, and a control module.
  • the power management module is configured to convert the voltage outputted by the power supply into an operating voltage provided to the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module, and a communication voltage provided to the lower communication module; the upper communication module, For communicating with an electronic detonator initiator; a communication module for supplying a communication voltage to at least one electronic detonator through a signal bus during communication, and communicating with at least one electronic detonator at a communication voltage; and, in detonating The detonation voltage outputted by the electronic detonator detonator is supplied to the at least one electronic detonator for charging through the signal bus; and the control module is configured to control the operation of the power management module, the upper communication module, and the lower communication module.
  • the above technical solution constructs the basic framework of the electronic detonator encoder of the present invention.
  • the electronic detonator encoder Under the control of its internal control module, the electronic detonator encoder realizes two-way communication with the electronic detonator by the upper communication module, and realizes two-way communication with the electronic detonator through the lower communication module.
  • the power management module in the electronic detonator encoder only outputs the working voltage and the communication voltage. Therefore, the electronic detonator encoder of the present invention does not have the ability to output a detonating voltage to the electronic detonator network, thereby ensuring the intrinsic safety in the communication phase. .
  • the electronic detonator encoder can output the detonation voltage outputted by the electronic detonator detonator to the electronic detonator through the signal bus, so that the electronic detonator detonator can charge the electronic detonator in the detonator network after the detonation preparation is completed.
  • Such a technical solution realizes the communication of the electronic detonator encoder, the electronic detonator detonator, and the electronic detonators connected in the electronic detonator network in the detonating network, and realizes the communication between the electronic detonator encoder and the electronic detonator. Intrinsic safety.
  • connection relationship of each module in the above electronic detonator encoder can be implemented by the following solutions:
  • the power supply, the power management module, the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module are connected to the first power reference ground.
  • the power supply is connected to the power management module; the control module is connected to the power management module, the upper communication module, and the lower communication module.
  • the working voltage output end of the power management module is connected to the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module; the communication voltage output end of the power management module is connected to the lower communication module.
  • the remaining two ends of the upper communication module are respectively connected to the lower communication module, and are connected to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder and connected to the electronic detonator initiator.
  • the other ends of the lower communication module are connected to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder to form a signal bus, and at least one electronic detonator is connected in parallel on the signal bus.
  • the power management module may further include a pair of communication voltage sampling terminals, and the pair of communication voltage sampling terminals are connected to the signal bus one-to-one.
  • Figure 1-1 shows the patent application document 200810135028.0 Schematic diagram of the detonating network of the electronic detonator detonating device in use;
  • Figure 1-2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic detonator detonating device in the patent application document 200810135028.0;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detonating network layout of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electronic detonator encoder according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing still another structure of an electronic detonator encoder according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power management module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a power management module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a control module in the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an electronic detonator waveform conversion module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a data decoding circuit in an electronic detonator waveform conversion module
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a sampling circuit in an electronic detonator waveform conversion module
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an electronic detonator waveform conversion module having a frequency measuring function according to the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a detonator waveform conversion module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a data decoding receiving circuit in a detonator waveform conversion module
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an isolated demodulation module in the upper communication module having two ends connected to an electronic detonator initiator according to the present invention
  • 15 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an isolated demodulation module in the upper communication module of the present invention connected to an electronic detonator initiator;
  • Figure 16-1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the upper communication power supply circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 16-2 is a schematic diagram showing the refinement of the upper communication power supply circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of an isolation modulation circuit in the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing an isolated demodulation circuit corresponding to the implementation manner of FIG. 15 as a magnetoelectric isolation module;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of the magnetoelectric isolation module of FIG. 19;
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of a magnetoelectric isolation module corresponding to the implementation manner of FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a transformer isolation circuit according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of a transformer isolation circuit according to the present invention.
  • 24 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a pair of communication modules in the present invention.
  • 25 is a schematic diagram of a first implementation of a communication signal processing module in the present invention.
  • 26 is a schematic diagram of a second implementation of a downlink communication signal processing module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a third implementation of a communication signal processing module in the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a fourth implementation of a downlink communication signal processing module according to the present invention.
  • 29 is a schematic diagram of a fifth implementation of a downlink communication signal processing module according to the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a demodulation module for a communication signal in the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a signal sampling circuit in the present invention.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal conditioning circuit according to the present invention.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic diagram showing still another structure of the signal conditioning circuit of the present invention.
  • Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the lower communication signal modulation module corresponding to Figure 27;
  • Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of an instruction sent by an electronic detonator waveform conversion module during data encoding and transmitting;
  • Figure 36 is a waveform diagram of the electronic detonator waveform conversion module during data decoding and receiving;
  • Figure 37 is a waveform diagram of the detonator waveform conversion module during data encoding and transmission
  • Figure 38 is a waveform diagram of the detonator waveform conversion module during data decoding and receiving;
  • 39 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a single signal driving circuit in the present invention.
  • FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a dual signal driving circuit in the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an electronic detonator encoder 20.
  • the encoder 20 is connected to the electronic detonator 10 at both ends, and the other ends lead to the signal bus 40.
  • At least one electronic detonator 30 is connected in parallel between the signal buses 40, as shown in FIG.
  • An electronic detonator initiator 10 at least one electronic detonator encoder 20 connected in parallel to the electronic detonator initiator 10
  • at least one The electronic detonator 30 connected to the electronic detonator encoder 20 constitutes an electronic detonator detonating network as described in the present invention.
  • the electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention comprises a power source 21, a power management module 22, a pair of communication modules 23, a pair of communication modules 24, and a control module 26, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG.
  • the power management module 22 is configured to convert the voltage output by the power source 21 into an operating voltage provided to the upper communication module 23, the lower communication module 24, and the control module 26, and convert the voltage output by the power source 21 into a voltage supply.
  • the control module 26 The operations of the power management module 22, the upper communication module 23, and the lower communication module 24 are controlled.
  • connection relationship of each module in the electronic detonator encoder 20 can be described as follows:
  • the power source 21, the power management module 22, the upper communication module 23, the lower communication module 24, and the control module 26 are commonly grounded 11.
  • the power supply 21 is connected to the power management module 22, and supplies power to the module 22.
  • the control module 26 is connected to the power management module 22, the upper communication module 23, and the lower communication module 24, and performs data interaction with the above modules.
  • the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22 is connected to the upper communication module 23, the lower communication module 24 and the control module 26, and supplies operating voltages to the modules; the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22 is connected to the lower communication.
  • Module 24 provides a communication voltage to the module 24.
  • the remaining two ends 70 and 70' of the upper communication module 23 lead to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder 20, and are connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10; the two ends 70 and 70' of the upper communication module 23 are also respectively connected to the opposite communication. Module 24.
  • the remaining two ends of the lower communication module 24 lead to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder 20 to form a signal bus 40.
  • One or more electronic detonators 30 are connected in parallel on the signal bus 40.
  • the above technical solution is to construct the basic framework of the electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention.
  • the electronic detonator encoder 20 realizes bidirectional communication between the encoder 20 and the electronic detonator initiator 10 through the upper communication module 23, and realizes bidirectional communication with the electronic detonator 30 through the lower communication module 24. Communication.
  • the electronic detonator encoder 20 does not have the ability to output a detonation voltage to the electronic detonator network. Therefore, the electronic detonator initiator 10 is also directly coupled to the pair of communication modules 24 for use in electronic detonators in the detonator network after the initiation of the detonation is completed.
  • the electronic detonator encoder 20 may further include a human-machine interaction module 25.
  • the human-machine interaction module 25 is used to implement The user interacts with the information of the encoder 20.
  • the human-computer interaction module 25 can receive instructions from the user and send the instructions to the control module 26 to control the other modules to perform the corresponding operations.
  • the human-computer interaction module 25 can also present the results of the operation of the encoder 20 to the user in an image or sound manner.
  • the human-computer interaction module 25 can be taken as a common device such as a keyboard or a display.
  • the human-machine interaction module 25 can be designed in the electronic detonator encoder according to actual needs.
  • the power management module may further include a pair of communication voltage sampling terminals 3 and 3' which are connected to the signal bus 40 one-to-one with respect to the communication voltage sampling terminals 3 and 3'.
  • the power management module 22 may include a voltage conversion module 221 and an analog to digital converter 222, as shown in FIG.
  • the voltage conversion module 221 and the analog/digital converter 222 are commonly grounded 11; the voltage conversion module 221 has one end connected to the power source 21 and one end to the outside of the power management module 22 to constitute the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22.
  • the remaining end of the voltage conversion module 221 is coupled to the analog to digital converter 222 to supply power to the analog to digital converter 222; the terminal also leads to the outside of the power management module 22 to form the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22.
  • the analog to digital converter 222 is also connected at one end to the control module 26 to transmit data to the control module 26.
  • the remaining two ends of the analog/digital converter 222 lead to the outside of the power management module 22 to constitute the communication voltage sampling terminal 3.
  • the power management module 22 provides the operating voltage required for the normal operation of other modules in the encoder 20, and provides the communication voltage on the signal bus 40 during communication with the electronic detonator 30, and monitors the value of the output communication voltage. Therefore, the communication voltage value is ensured to be much lower than the safe voltage value of the electronic detonator 30, that is, lower than the minimum voltage required for the detonating electronic detonator 30, which is advantageous for ensuring communication with the electronic detonator 30 and operation of the electronic detonator 30. safety.
  • the power management module 22 can also be implemented using the technical solution disclosed in Patent Application No. 200810135028.0, as shown in FIG.
  • the power management module 22 of FIG. 6 also includes a digital to analog converter 223 as compared to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • One end of the digital-to-analog converter 223 is connected to one end of the voltage conversion module 221, and the operating voltage is provided by the voltage conversion module 221; one end is connected to the other end of the voltage conversion module 221, and the communication voltage adjustment signal is sent to the voltage conversion module 221.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 223 has one end grounded 11 and the other end connected to the control module 26.
  • the digital-to-analog converter 223 is configured to receive a result of the control module 26 processing the information reflecting the voltage signal on the signal bus 40.
  • the processing result is converted by the digital-to-analog converter 223 into an analog voltage signal, that is, the communication voltage adjustment.
  • the signal is supplied to the voltage conversion module 221, thereby realizing the adjustment function of the communication voltage output to the signal bus 40.
  • an analog to digital converter 222 is designed.
  • the voltage value on the signal bus 40 may not be collected and monitored, so that the power management module 22 is only constituted by the voltage conversion module 221.
  • the voltage conversion module 221 converts the electrical energy input by the power source 21 into a communication voltage and an operating voltage, respectively, and outputs the power to the outside of the power management module 22. This embodiment corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the above control module 26 can include a central processing unit 262 and a transceiving waveform conversion module 261.
  • the transceiving waveform conversion module 261 is composed of a detonator waveform conversion module 2630 and an electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610, as shown in FIG.
  • the central processing unit 262, the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 and receive power from the power management module 22.
  • the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 are coupled to the central processor 262 for bidirectional data interaction with the central processor 262, respectively.
  • the central processor 262, the initiator waveform conversion module 2630, and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 are also commonly grounded 11.
  • the remaining end of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 leads to the outside of the transceiving waveform conversion module 261 to form the upper communication terminal 8 of the control module 26, which is connected to the upper communication module 23.
  • the remaining ends of the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 lead to the outside of the transceiving waveform conversion module 261 to form a down communication terminal 9 of the control module 26, and the pair of lower communication terminals are connected to the lower communication module 24.
  • the above-mentioned upper communication terminal 8 can be embodied as the upper communication output end 61 and the upper communication input end 62 of the control module 26 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, and the lower communication end 9 is implemented in FIG. 8 or FIG.
  • the example can be embodied as the lower communication output 71 and the lower communication input 72 of the control module 26.
  • the central processor 262 controls the operation of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 to effect bidirectional data interaction with the electronic detonator initiator 10 and the electronic detonator 30, respectively.
  • the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 receives data from the lower communication module 24, converts it into a data form recognizable by the central processing unit 262, and transmits it to the central processing unit 262.
  • the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 receives data from the central processor 262 and converts the signal form for transmission to the electronic detonator 30 via the pair of communication modules 24.
  • the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 may include a data interface circuit 2611, a data encoding circuit 2612, a data decoding circuit 2613, and a sampling circuit 2614, as shown in FIG.
  • the data interface circuit 2611 performs bidirectional data interaction with the central processing unit 262.
  • the central processing unit 262 transmits the data to be transmitted to the data encoding circuit 2612 via the data interface circuit 2611.
  • the data encoding circuit 2612 encodes the data to be transmitted and outputs the data to the lower communication module 24; the data decoding circuit 2613 receives the communication module 24 for transmission.
  • the data to be received is decoded, and then output to the sampling circuit 2614.
  • the sampling circuit 2614 completes the sampling, the sampled data is sent to the central processing unit 262 via the data interface circuit 2611. In this way, two-way data interaction between the lower communication module 24 and the control module 26 is achieved.
  • the frequency measuring circuit 2621 can be directly added between the lower communication input terminal 72 and the data interface circuit 2611.
  • the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 can be A measurement of the frequency of the signal received by the lower communication module 24 is achieved. Since the manufacturing process of the integrated circuit itself causes a certain deviation of the frequency of the on-chip oscillator, the clock frequency of the oscillator itself in the electronic detonator 30 can be measured by the frequency measuring circuit 2621 designed in the encoder 20, and then Correction of the deferred count value is implemented within the encoder 20. This design is beneficial to improve the delay of the electronic detonator detonation network.
  • the data encoding circuit 2612 of Figures 8 and 11 can each implement data encoding by means of frequency modulation, such as the waveform shown in Figure 35.
  • the data encoding circuit 2612 may transmit a preset number of m synchronous learning heads before transmitting the command word when transmitting the command.
  • the electronic detonator 30 starts the counter inside the chip after receiving the edge signal of the synchronous learning head, and counts the number of synchronous learning heads. Then, the central processor in the chip calculates the number of clocks of the RC oscillator that the serial communication interface should use corresponding to the preset communication baud rate and the preset sampling phase, thereby adjusting the data reception of the electronic detonator 30. Timing and counting interval. This ensures that the electronic detonator control chip incorporating the RC oscillator can reliably receive the control command sent from the electronic detonator encoder 20 even if the RC oscillator has problems such as temperature drift, time drift, and parameter variation.
  • the data decoding circuit 2613 in the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 can be further constructed by a signal synthesis circuit 2617 and two edge flip-flops 2615 and 2616, as shown in FIG.
  • the input ends of the two edge flip-flops 2615 and 2616 respectively lead to the outside of the data decoding circuit 2613, and are connected to the lower communication module 24; the outputs of the two edge flip-flops 2615 and 2616 are respectively connected to the signal synthesizing circuit 2617;
  • the remaining ends of the synthesizing circuit 2617 lead to the outside of the data decoding circuit 2613 and are connected to the sampling circuit 2614.
  • the two edge triggers 2615 and 2616 respectively collect two pulse signals sent from the lower communication module 24, and the two signals are processed by the signal synthesis circuit 2617, and then converted into a square wave signal output to the sampling circuit 2614, and further Transmission to the central processor 262 via the data interface circuit 2611 thus enables decoding of the data transmitted by the electronic detonator 30 to the present encoder 20.
  • the signal synthesizing circuit 2617 receives the two-way pulse signals sent by the edge flip-flop 2615 and the edge flip-flop 2616, and each receives a falling edge signal. A high-low transition is performed, thus realizing the synthesis of two pulse signals.
  • the sampling circuit 2614 in the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 can include a sample counting module 2619 and a storage transmitting module 2620, as shown in FIG. After the sampling circuit 2614 receives the signal waveform sent by the data decoding circuit 2613, the sampling and counting module 2619 samples and counts the intermediate point of each signal pulse, and the storage transmitting module 2620 sends the sampled data to the data interface circuit 2611, and further the data.
  • the interface circuit 2611 is sent to the central processing unit 262.
  • the sample counting module 2619 can be embodied as a counter, and the storage sending module 2620 can be embodied as a shift register.
  • the detonator waveform conversion module 2630 may include a data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631, a data decoding receiving circuit 2632, and a data interface 2633, as shown in FIG.
  • the central processing unit 262 transmits the data to be transmitted to the data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631 via the data interface 2633.
  • the data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631 encodes the data to be transmitted and outputs the data to the upper communication module 23; the data decoding and receiving circuit 2632 receives the communication module 23
  • the transmitted data to be received is decoded, and then the data to be received is decoded and sent to the central processing unit 262 via the data interface 2633. In this way, two-way data interaction between the upper communication module 23 and the control module 26 is achieved.
  • the input and output waveforms of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 can be seen in FIG. 37; when the data decoding is received, the input and output waveforms of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 can be seen in FIG.
  • the data interface 2633 in the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 can take the form of a serial port, such as RS485, RS232, and the like.
  • the data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631 in the initiator waveform converting module 2630 can perform data encoding by means of frequency modulation.
  • the data decoding receiving circuit 2632 may further include a sampling circuit 2634, an amplifier 2635, a comparator 2636, and a signal sampling circuit 2637, as shown in FIG.
  • the sampling circuit 2634 samples the data sent from the upper communication module 23, and the sampled data is amplified by the amplifier 2635 and output to the comparator 2636, which is used to convert the analog signal into a digital signal and then sent to the signal sampling circuit. 2637 processing, thus implementing the data decoding and receiving process of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630.
  • the sampling circuit 2634 can be taken as a coil.
  • the upper communication module 23 in the electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention may include an upper communication power supply circuit 230, an isolation modulation circuit 231, and an isolation demodulation circuit 232, as shown in FIG. 14 or FIG.
  • the pair of input terminals 50 of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 lead to the outside of the upper communication module 23, and are respectively connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10 to form the initiator communication line 80.
  • the upper communication power supply circuit 230 further has one end ground 12, and the other end of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 is connected to the isolation demodulation circuit 232 and the isolation modulation circuit 231 to supply power to the two circuits; the other end of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 Connected to the isolation modulation circuit 231.
  • the isolation modulation circuit 231 and the isolation demodulation circuit 232 each have a common ground 12 at one end, and each end has a common ground 11 at each end.
  • the remaining ends of the isolated modulation circuit 231 are coupled to the control module 26 for receiving data transmitted by the control module 26.
  • the isolation demodulation circuit 232 is also coupled to the control module 26 to transmit data to the control module 26.
  • the isolation demodulation circuit 232 also has one end connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the remaining terminals to the outside of the upper communication module 23, connected to the electronic detonator detonator 10, and receiving data transmitted by the detonator 10.
  • the isolation demodulation circuit 232 is connected one-to-one by a pair of different branches to a pair of initiator communication lines 80 led by the electronic detonator initiator 10; Correspondingly, the isolation demodulation circuit 232 is only coupled to one of a pair of initiator communication lines 80.
  • the energy transmitted to the encoder 20 by the detonator 10 is supplied with power to the isolation demodulation circuit 232, thereby avoiding the external power supply for the isolation demodulation circuit 232. Inconvenience helps simplify circuit design.
  • the cooperation of the isolation modulation circuit 231 and the isolation demodulation circuit 232 achieves signal transmission and electrical isolation between the initiator 10 and the encoder 20.
  • the above-mentioned upper communication power supply circuit 230 may further include a rectifying bridge circuit 233, a backflow prevention circuit 234, a current limiting circuit 236, and a storage circuit 235, as shown in FIG. 16-1.
  • the pair of input ends of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 constitute a pair of input terminals 50 of the upper communication power supply circuit 230.
  • the forward output of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 is coupled to the anode of the tank circuit 235 via a backflow prevention circuit 234 and a current limiting circuit 236.
  • the anode of the tank circuit 235 is simultaneously connected to the isolation modulation circuit 231 and the isolation demodulation circuit 232.
  • the forward output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 also leads to the outside of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 and is directly connected to the isolation modulation circuit 231.
  • the forward output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 is connected to the anode of the tank circuit 235 via the backflow prevention circuit 234 and the current limiting circuit 236, and charges the tank circuit 235.
  • the energy storage circuit 235 is configured to store the energy transmitted by the initiator 10 to supply power to the isolation demodulation circuit 232.
  • the current limiting circuit 236 serves to prevent an impact of the excessively large charging current of the encoder 20 connected to the initiator 10 on the initiator 10.
  • the backflow prevention circuit 234 is used to isolate the energy storage circuit 235 from the isolation modulation circuit 231 to prevent the current limiting circuit 236 from consuming energy in the energy storage circuit 235 when the isolation modulation circuit 231 performs modulation.
  • the backflow prevention circuit 234 can be taken as a diode 237
  • the current limiting circuit 236 can be taken as a resistor 238, and the energy storage circuit 235 can be taken as a storage capacitor 239, as shown in FIG. 16-2.
  • the above-described isolation modulation circuit 231 may include a resistor 2311, a PMOS transistor 2313, and an optocoupler isolation switch 2314, as shown in FIG.
  • the source of the PMOS transistor 2313 and the substrate are commonly connected to the outside of the isolation modulation circuit 231, and are connected to the forward output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 in the upper communication power supply circuit 230.
  • the drain of the PMOS transistor 2313 is grounded 12, and the gate is connected to one end of the resistor 2311 and the port 2317 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314.
  • the other end of the resistor 2311 and the port 2318 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 are commonly connected to the anode of the tank circuit 235 in the upper communication power supply circuit 230.
  • the port 2319 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 leads to the outside of the isolation modulation circuit 231 and is connected to the control module 26.
  • the optocoupler isolating switch 2314 also has a port ground 12 and the remaining port
  • the isolation modulation circuit 231 When the isolation modulation circuit 231 is in operation, the data sent by the control module 26 is loaded onto the optocoupler isolation switch 2314, causing the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 to be turned on and off, thereby causing the PMOS transistor 2313 to be turned on and off, which will cause the detonator.
  • the change in load on the communication line 80 causes a change in current on the detonator communication line 80, thereby producing a modulated current signal that the encoder 20 returns to the initiator 10.
  • the isolation modulation circuit 231 may further include a resistor 2315 and a resistor 2316 on the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, as shown in FIG.
  • the resistor 2315 is connected in series between the port 2318 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 and the control module 26; the resistor 2316 is connected in series between the drain of the PMOS transistor 2313 and the ground 12.
  • the resistor 2315 is a current limiting resistor for limiting the current driving the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 to prevent the current from excessively burning the drive circuit of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314.
  • the resistor 2316 is a load resistor for the purpose of current limiting.
  • the optocoupler isolating switch 2314 can be implemented by using the LED, the diode and the NPN tube shown in FIG. 17 or FIG. 18, and can also be implemented by using an optical relay, such as a 6N136 type optocoupler isolating switch.
  • isolation modulation circuit 231 can also be simply replaced by a driver or a MOS transistor to achieve a similar function.
  • the above-mentioned isolation demodulation circuit 232 can be taken as a magnetoelectric isolation module 2320, as shown in FIG.
  • a photocoupler or a transformer can be used as the above-mentioned isolation demodulation circuit to realize signal transmission and electrical isolation.
  • a commonly used optocoupler, its working principle can be described as: the light-emitting element converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, and after the photosensitive element senses the optical signal, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal output. This achieves both electrical isolation and signal transmission.
  • the drawback of using such a photocoupler is that the operation of the light-emitting elements in the driving optocoupler requires a large current supply, which leads to excessive current consumption on the communication line, which in turn leads to a limitation of the load capacity of the system.
  • This defect can be improved by using a magnetoelectric isolation module constructed using the principle of a transformer.
  • the magnetoelectric isolation module 2320 shown in FIG. 19 may further include a single signal driving circuit 2321, a transformer isolation circuit 2322, and a reduction circuit 2323, as shown in FIG.
  • the transformer isolation circuit 2322 is further composed of a primary side 501 and a secondary side 502, as shown in FIG. 22 or FIG.
  • One end of the single signal driving circuit 2321 is connected to one of the pair of initiator communication lines 80 extending from the electronic detonator initiator 10, and one end is connected to the positive pole of the energy storage circuit 235 of the upper communication power supply circuit 230, and one end is grounded 12, and the rest is One end is connected to one end of the primary side 501.
  • the other end of the primary side 501 is grounded 12.
  • the reduction circuit 2323 has one end connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the other end connected to the control module 26.
  • the magnetoelectric isolation module 2320 is used to form an isolation demodulation circuit 232. Based on the working principle of the transformer, a transformer isolation circuit 2322 is designed to serve as a signal transmission and electrical isolation.
  • the beneficial effects of this implementation are:
  • the transformer isolation circuit 2322 is used to realize the signal transmission from the initiator 10 to the encoder 20 and the electrical isolation between the two, which reduces the power consumption of the encoder 20, thereby facilitating the improvement of the load capacity of the initiator 10.
  • the single signal drive circuit 2321 operates under the power supply to the upper communication power supply circuit 230.
  • the single signal driving circuit 2321 is directly connected to the initiator communication line 80 of the initiator 10, and the signal transmitted from the initiator 10 to the encoder 20 is transmitted to the primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, thereby realizing signal transmission.
  • the magnetoelectric isolation module 2320 constituting the above-described isolation demodulation circuit 232 may include a dual signal drive circuit 2324, a transformer isolation circuit 2322, and a reduction circuit 2323, as shown in FIG.
  • the transformer isolation circuit 2322 is further composed of a primary side 501 and a secondary side 502, as shown in FIG. 22 or FIG.
  • the two ends of the dual signal driving circuit 2324 are respectively connected to the initiator communication line 80 extending from the electronic detonator 10; the double signal driving circuit 2324 has one end connected to the positive pole of the energy storage circuit 235 and one end grounded 12.
  • Both ends of the primary side 501 are respectively connected to the dual signal driving circuit 2324; one end of the secondary side 502 is grounded 11 together with the reduction circuit 2323; the other end of the secondary side 502 is connected to the reduction circuit 2323.
  • the reduction circuit 2323 has one end connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the other end connected to the control module 26.
  • the single signal drive circuit 2321 is only connected to one of the initiator communication lines 80, and therefore, only when the initiator 10 is coded
  • the transmitter 20 transmits a signal in a differential form
  • the initiator 10 and the encoder 20 can be connected and communicated in a non-polar manner; and if the initiator 10 transmits a signal to the encoder 20 in other signal forms, the encoder 20 and the initiator cannot be implemented.
  • the non-polar connection between 10 because the single signal drive circuit 2321 must be connected to the signal line in the initiator communication line 80 to normally receive the signal change.
  • the dual signal driving circuit 2324 is used instead of the single signal driving circuit 2321, and the dual signal driving circuit 2324 is simultaneously connected to the pair of initiator communication lines 80 of the initiator 10, respectively, and output to the transformer isolation. Both ends of the primary side 501 of the circuit 2322.
  • the isolated demodulation circuit 232 thus constructed does not require a signal form transmitted from the initiator 10. Even if the initiator 10 is not a differential signal, the encoder 20 can correctly receive and extract the transmitter 10 in a non-polarity manner. The incoming signal, thereby enabling signal transmission from the initiator 10 to the encoder 20.
  • the single signal/dual signal driving circuit can be composed of a driver.
  • the single signal driving circuit 2321 can be constituted by a driver 401. As shown in FIG. 39, the signal input terminal 4011 of the driver 401 is connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, and the signal output terminal 4012 is connected to one end of the primary side of the transformer isolation circuit 2322. The power input of 401 is connected to the upper communication power supply circuit 230, and the other end is grounded 12.
  • the dual signal driving circuit 2324 can be composed of two drivers, namely the driver 402 and the driver 403 shown in FIG. 40, and the signal inputs 4021 and 4031 of the two drivers are respectively connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, the signal output terminal.
  • the driver 401/402/403 drives the coil of the primary side 501 of the transformer.
  • the coil consumes a certain amount of energy which is only related to the drive current of the driver, regardless of the drive capability of the initiator 10. Since the power consumption of the driver is small, the current consumption of the initiator 10 by the encoder 20 can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the load capacity of the initiator 10.
  • the drive can be selected as a forward drive or a reverse drive, and optional models include the HEF40106.
  • the primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 described above preferably consists of a main winding 503, a capacitor 505 and a resistor 506 connected in series between the two ends of the primary side 501, see FIG. 22 or FIG.
  • one end of the main coil 503 directly leads to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, and one end of the primary side 501 is connected to the chirp signal driving circuit 2321; the other end of the main coil 503 is connected via the capacitor 505 and the resistor 506.
  • the other end of the primary side 501 is formed, and the ground 12 is formed.
  • FIG. 22 In the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • one end of the main coil 503 leads to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 via the capacitor 505 to form one end of the primary side 501; the other end of the main coil 503 leads to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 via the resistor 506, forming the original The other end of the side 501; the two ends of the primary side 501 are respectively connected to the dual signal driving circuit 2324.
  • the capacitor 505 functions as a DC-DC alternating current, so that when the encoder 20 and the initiator 10 are in a non-communication state, the current consumption of the main coil 503 can be avoided.
  • the resistor 506 acts as a current limiting device, which is beneficial to improving the induced waveform outputted by the secondary side 502 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, so that the induced waveforms tend to be consistent.
  • the secondary side 502 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 can be composed of a secondary coil 504 and a resistor 507, as shown in FIG.
  • One end of the secondary winding 504 is connected to one end of the resistor 507, and is connected to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 to be connected to the reduction circuit 2323; the other end of the secondary winding 504 is grounded 11 to the other end of the resistor 507.
  • the secondary side 502 is composed only of the secondary winding 504, when the signal change of the primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 is transmitted to the secondary side 502 of the isolation circuit, the input impedance of the reduction circuit 2323 is large, and the secondary side 502 is generated. The induced electromotive force will not be released.
  • a resistor 507 is connected in parallel at both ends of the secondary coil 504, and the resistor 507 is grounded 11, so that the induced electromotive force of the secondary side 502 is discharged, and the signal waveform is shaped by the venting process of the induced electromotive force, thereby finally outputting the output.
  • the pulse signal sampled by the reduction circuit 2323.
  • the secondary side 502 can also be formed by the secondary winding 504, the resistor 508, and the resistor 509, as shown in FIG.
  • One end of the secondary coil 504 is connected to the reduction circuit 2323 in common with the resistor 508; the other end of the secondary coil 504 and the resistor 509 are connected to the reduction circuit 2323 via another path; the intermediate tap 510 of the secondary coil 504, the other end of the resistor 508, and the resistor 509 The other end is commonly grounded 11.
  • this scheme can simplify the signal encoding and decoding design, and can also simplify the design of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 in the encoder 20.
  • this solution can generate two corresponding sensing waveforms, so that the signal receiving is more accurate, which further meets the needs of precise timing of the detonating system.
  • the embodiment of the primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 of Figures 22 and 23 can be implemented in any combination with the two embodiments of the secondary side 502 without affecting the implementation of the technical objects of the present invention.
  • the lower communication module 24 in the electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention may include a high voltage switch 243 and a lower communication signal processing module 240, as shown in FIG.
  • the control terminal of the high voltage switch 243 is connected to the control module 26.
  • the first pair of terminals 31 and 31' of the high voltage switch 243 are connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, respectively, and the second pair of terminals 32 and 32' are connected one to one to the pair of output terminals 60 of the pair of communication signal processing modules 240, respectively.
  • the third pair of terminals 33 and 33' respectively lead to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder 20 to form a signal bus 40.
  • the lower communication signal processing module 240 is also connected to the control module 26 at one end for data interaction with the control module 26.
  • the lower communication signal processing module 240 further has one end ground 11 and the remaining two ends of the lower communication signal processing module 240 are respectively connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 and the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22 one-to-one.
  • the electronic detonator encoder 20 passes through the pair of communication modules 24 and The electronic detonator 30 performs data interaction; when the high voltage switch 243 is switched to the branch connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, that is, the branches 31-33 and 31'-33' are turned on, the electronic detonator 10 is directly directed The detonating storage capacitor in the electronic detonator 30 is charged.
  • the high voltage switch 243 is designed in the lower communication module 24 in order to switch the higher detonation voltage output from the detonator 10 to the signal bus 40, and the detonator 10 directly charges the detonation storage capacitor in the electronic detonator 30.
  • the high voltage switch 243 is closed to the branch connected to the down communication signal processing module 240 when preparing for network connection, detection, etc., and the control command of the control module 26 is only completed after all the initiation preparations are completed.
  • the lower closure to the branch connected to the electronic detonator detonator 10 ensures that the communication process of the encoder 20 and the electronic detonator network is absolutely safe during the initiation of the detonation.
  • the lower communication signal processing module 240 can be implemented by various technical solutions.
  • the down communication signal processing module 240 can include a down communication signal modulation module 241 and a down communication signal demodulation module 242.
  • the connection relationship can be embodied in the following two ways:
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of which is connected to the control module. 26, each has one end grounded 11.
  • a modulation signal output terminal 5 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 directly leads to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240, and constitutes one of a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60.
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 are connected in series through the remaining terminals in the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22 and the pair of output terminals of the downlink communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output. Between the terminals 60', specifically, the communication voltage input terminal 4 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is directly connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22, and the other modulation signal output of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is output.
  • the terminal 5' is connected to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240 via the lower communication signal demodulation module 242, and constitutes a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60', as shown in FIG.
  • the communication voltage input terminal 4 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22 via the down communication signal demodulation module 242, and the other modulation signal output of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is output.
  • the terminal 5' directly leads to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240, and constitutes a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60', such as 26 FIG.
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of which is connected to the control module 26, and Each end has a ground 11 .
  • the communication voltage input terminal 4 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22.
  • the two modulated signal output terminals 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 lead to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240, forming a pair of output terminals 60 and 60' of the lower communication signal processing module 240.
  • the remaining ends of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 are connected to the lower communication signal demodulation module 242.
  • the lower communication signal processing module 240 may further include a transceiver switching switch 244 on the basis of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 25-27, as shown in FIG.
  • the specific connection relationship is described as follows:
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of which is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22;
  • the modules also each have one end connected to the control module 26, one end of which has a ground 11 .
  • a sampling end 18 of the down communication signal demodulation module 242 is coupled to the first end 41 of the transceiving switch 244.
  • the two modulated signal output terminals 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 are connected to the second end 42 of the transceiving switch 244, and the other directly leads to the outside of the down communication signal processing module 240 to form a communication.
  • the third end 43 of the transceiver switching switch 244 leads to the outside of the pair of communication signal processing modules 240, and constitutes a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60.
  • the control terminal of the transceiving switch 244 is connected to the control module 26.
  • the downlink communication signal processing module 240 is further designed based on the embodiments shown in FIG. 25 to FIG. 27, and may include a downlink communication signal modulation module 241, a downlink communication signal demodulation module 242, and a transceiver switching switch 245. As shown in Figure 29.
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of each is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22;
  • the two modules also have one end connected to the control module 26, one end of which is grounded 11.
  • a sampling end 18 of the lower communication signal demodulating module 242 and one end of the ground 11 are respectively connected to the first pair of terminals 51 and 51' of the transceiving switching switch 245.
  • the two modulated signal output terminals 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 are respectively connected to the second pair of terminals 52 and 52' of the transceiving switch 245.
  • the third pair of terminals 53 and 53' of the transceiving switch 245 are respectively turned to the outside of the down communication signal processing module 240 to constitute a pair of output terminals 60 and 60' of the down communication signal processing module 240.
  • the control terminal of the transceiving switch 245 is connected to the control module 26.
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is configured to load the data output by the control module 26 into the signal bus 40 outputted to the electronic detonator 30 in the form of a voltage change.
  • the data transmission to the electronic detonator 30 is used to extract the current change information of the electronic detonator 30 loaded onto the signal bus 40 in the form of a current change, and sent to the control module 26 to implement the electronic detonator 30. Data reception. This achieves two-way communication between the electronic detonator encoder 20 and the electronic detonator 30.
  • a transceiving switch is designed in the lower communication signal processing module 240, such as the embodiment shown in FIG. 28 and FIG. 29, to switch between the signal modulation transmission process and the signal demodulation reception process.
  • the process can be carried out independently.
  • the transceiver switching switch 244 is different from the transceiver switching switch 245.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 29 can completely separate the signal modulation transmission process and the signal demodulation and reception process, which is more advantageous for system communication.
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 to 29 can be implemented by the technical solutions disclosed in the patent application documents 200810172410.9 and 200920000509.0.
  • the lower communication signal modulation module 241 can include two drive modules 2411 and 2412, two electronic switches 2413 and 2414, and an inverter 2415, as shown in FIG.
  • the two driving modules 2411 and 2412 are connected in common to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the two driving modules 2411 and 2412 are also commonly grounded 11 with the inverter 2415.
  • the signal input of the inverter 2415 is connected to the control module 26 in common with the signal input of the drive module 2411, and the signal output of the inverter 2415 is connected to the signal input of the drive module 2412.
  • the signal output of the drive module 2411 is coupled to the control terminal of the electronic switch 2413, and the signal output of the drive module 2412 is coupled to the control terminal of the electronic switch 2414.
  • An input end of the electronic switch 2413, an input end of the electronic switch 2414, the remaining end of the driving module 2411, and the remaining end of the driving module 2412 are connected together, and jointly lead to the outside of the communication signal modulation module 241, forming a pair
  • the communication voltage input terminal 4 of the communication signal modulation module 241 is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22.
  • the other input of the electronic switch 2413 is coupled to the other input of the electronic switch 2414 and is commonly coupled to the down communication signal demodulation module 242 external to the lower communication signal modulation module 241.
  • the outputs of the two electronic switches 2413 and 2414 lead to the outside of the lower communication signal modulation module 241, respectively, to form two modulated signal outputs 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241.
  • the above-mentioned lower communication signal modulation module 241 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 to 29 can also be implemented by using the chip ADG453 or ADG451 or the like.
  • the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 in the above embodiment shown in FIGS. 25-29 may include a signal sampling circuit 2420 and a signal conditioning circuit 2421, as shown in FIG.
  • One end of the signal conditioning circuit 2421 is connected to the working voltage output end 1 of the power management module 22, one end is connected to the control module 26, and the other end is connected to the signal sampling circuit 2420.
  • the remaining two ends of the signal sampling circuit 2420 form the sampling terminals 17 and 18 of the down communication signal demodulation module 242, leading to the outside of the down communication signal demodulation module 242.
  • the signal sampling circuit 2420 is configured to extract current change information loaded on the signal bus 40 by the electronic detonator network, thereby obtaining a signal transmitted from the direction of the electronic detonator 30; the signal conditioning circuit 2421 is configured to process the analog signal output by the signal sampling circuit 2420. It is converted to a digital signal recognizable by the control module 26.
  • the signal sampling circuit 2420 can be taken as a resistor. At this time, the two ends of the resistor respectively constitute the sampling ends 17 and 18, and the signal conditioning circuit 2421 obtains the sampled analog signal from both ends of the resistor. Sampling with a resistor requires a differential amplifying circuit to extract the signal across the sampling resistor in signal conditioning circuit 2421, and then restore the signal to a digital signal via a comparator.
  • the implementation of a sampling circuit using resistors is simple and straightforward.
  • the resistor is a passive device that does not generate additional noise during sampling. In the embodiment shown in Figures 25, 26 and 27, the sampling resistor will always be connected in the communication loop, which will introduce a certain voltage drop, while the embodiment shown in Figures 28 and 29 will modulate the transmission process.
  • the signal demodulation reception process is independent, and the sampling resistor is only connected in series to the communication loop during the signal demodulation reception process. Therefore, the present embodiment is more applicable to the lower communication signal processing module 240 shown in FIGS. 28 and 29.
  • the signal sampling circuit 2420 can also be taken as an electromagnetic coupler, as shown in FIG.
  • the two ends of the primary coil 155 of the electromagnetic coupler are respectively turned to the outside of the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 to form the sampling ends 17 and 18 of the lower communication signal demodulation module 242.
  • the secondary coil 156 of the electromagnetic coupler is coupled to a signal conditioning circuit 2421.
  • the center tap of the electromagnetic coupler is grounded 11.
  • the electromagnetic coupler is essentially an inductor that is connected in the communication loop, and it extracts the change in current on the signal bus 40.
  • the inductor is an energy storage device.
  • the signal conditioning circuit 2421 can include a filter circuit 2422, an amplification circuit 2423, and a comparison circuit 2424, as shown in FIG.
  • One end of the filter circuit 2422 is connected to the amplifying circuit 2423, and the other end is connected to the signal sampling circuit 2420.
  • the amplifying circuit 2423 and the comparing circuit 2424 are respectively connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, the remaining end of the amplifying circuit 2423 is connected to the comparing circuit 2424, and the remaining end of the comparing circuit 2424 is connected to the control module 26.
  • the filter circuit 2422 is coupled to the signal sampling circuit 2420 for receiving an analog signal sent from the signal sampling circuit 2420 and extracted from the direction of the electronic detonator 30 on the signal bus 40, and providing an analog signal representing the useful information that is filtered out of noise.
  • Amplifying circuit 2423 The comparison circuit 2424 converts the analog signal output from the amplification circuit 2423 into a digital signal for supply to the control module 26.
  • the comparison circuit 2424 described above may preferably be a hysteresis comparator to improve the anti-interference performance during signal conversion.
  • the signal conditioning circuit 2421 preferably includes two filter circuits 2422 and 2422', two amplification circuits 2423 and 2423', and two comparison circuits 2424 and 2424', as shown in FIG. Shown.
  • Amplifying circuits 2423 and 2423' and comparing circuits 2424 and 2424' are connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, respectively.
  • Filter circuits 2422 and 2422' are respectively coupled to both ends of secondary winding 156 in signal sampling circuit 2420, and filter circuits 2422 and 2422' are also each connected to amplification circuits 2423 and 2423', respectively.
  • the amplifying circuits 2423 and 2423' also each have one end connected to the comparing circuits 2424 and 2424', respectively, and the remaining ends of the comparing circuits 2424 and 2424' are connected to the control module 26, respectively.

Abstract

An electronic detonator encoder (20), wherein two ends of the encoder (20) connect to an electronic detonator initiator (10), and the other two ends thereof lead out to a signal bus (40), and at least one electronic detonator (30) is connected between signal buses (40) in parallel.The encoder (20) contains a power source (21), a power source management module (22), an upward communication module (23), a downward communication module (24), and a control module (26).The electronic detonator encoder (20) performs data exchange with the electronic detonator initiator (10) via the upward communication module (23) and performs data exchange with the electronic detonator (30) via the downward communication module (24). The encoder (20) does not have the ability to output an initiation voltage to an electronic detonator network, the electronic detonator initiator (10) is directly connected to the downward communication module (24), and the downward communication module (24) provides to the electronic detonator (30) the initiation voltage outputted by the initiator (10) for charging after the initiation preparation is completed. The electronic detonator encoder not only realizes communication between the encoder, the initiator and the electronic detonator in the initiation network, but also realizes intrinsic safety when the encoder communicates with the electronic detonator.

Description

电子雷管编码器  Electronic detonator encoder 技术领域  Technical field
本发明涉及火工品控制技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于电子雷管起爆网路的电子雷管编码器 。  The invention relates to the technical field of pyrotechnics control, in particular to an electronic detonator encoder for an electronic detonator detonating network.
背景技术Background technique
20 世纪 80 年代，日本、澳大利亚、欧洲等发达国家和地区开始研究电子雷管技术。随着电子技术、微电子技术、信息技术的飞速发展，电子雷管技术取得了极大的进步。 20 世纪 90 年代末，电子雷管开始被投入应用试验和市场推广。 20th century 80 In the years, developed countries and regions such as Japan, Australia, and Europe began to study electronic detonator technology. With the rapid development of electronic technology, microelectronics technology and information technology, electronic detonator technology has made great progress. 20th century 90 At the end of the decade, electronic detonators began to be put into application testing and marketing.
专利申请文件 200810135028.0 中公开了一种可与电子雷管配套使用的电子雷管起爆装置的技术方案。该技术方案构建了电子雷管起爆装置的基本框架， 实现了与电子雷管双向通信、起爆电子雷管等起爆装置需具备的基本功能。 Patent Application Document 200810135028.0 A technical solution for an electronic detonator detonating device that can be used with an electronic detonator is disclosed. The technical solution constructs the basic framework of the electronic detonator detonating device. It realizes the basic functions required for two-way communication with electronic detonators and detonation of electronic detonators.
上述电子雷管起爆装置在使用中的起爆网路示意图如图 1-1 所示。该起爆网路由一台起爆装置 100 、至少一台电子雷管 200 、以及连接起爆装置 100 和电子雷管 200 的信号总线 300 组成，电子雷管 200 并联在由起爆装置 100 引出的信号总线 300 之间。起爆装置 100 与电子雷管 200 通过信号总线 300 进行能量与数据的传递，从而实现起爆装置对起爆过程、起爆能量的管理和控制，并实现与电子雷管的双向数据交互。 A schematic diagram of the detonating network in use of the above-described electronic detonator detonating device is shown in Figure 1-1. The detonating network routes a detonating device 100 At least one electronic detonator 200, and a signal bus 300 connecting the detonating device 100 and the electronic detonator 200, and the electronic detonator 200 is connected in parallel by the detonating device 100 The signal bus is drawn between 300. The detonating device 100 and the electronic detonator 200 pass the signal bus 300 The transfer of energy and data is performed, thereby realizing the management and control of the detonating process and the detonating energy of the detonating device, and realizing the two-way data interaction with the electronic detonator.
上述技术方案的起爆装置中包含一信号调制发送模块，该模块进一步 包括信号调制模块和升压模块 ，参见图 1-2 。其中，升压模块用于产生 向电子雷管中的储能装置充电所需的起爆电压。升压模块将电源输出的电压升高后经由信号调制模块的切换输出到信号总线，向电子雷管内部储能装置中的起爆储能电容充电；信号调制模块用于向连接到信号总线 300 的诸电子雷管 200 发送数据，并完成对起爆装置向信号总线输出的电压的切换，也就是在通信电压和起爆电压之间的切换，使得信号总线上的电压分别满足通信时和向电子雷管充电时的所需电压的要求。该方案 实现了起爆装置对电子雷管所需能量的管理和控制：一方面，在通信阶段，将信号总线上的电压控制为较低的通信电压，以保证起爆网路通信过程的安全性；另一方面，在起爆阶段，将信号总线上的电压切换到通过上述升压模块输出的高电压，即上述起爆电压，从而保证电子雷管获得足够可靠起爆的能量。 信号调制模块还完成本起爆装置向电子雷管发送数据时数据的调制，从而实现了起爆装置与电子雷管之间的直流载波通信。 The detonating device of the above technical solution includes a signal modulation transmitting module, and the module further includes a signal modulation module and a boosting module. See Figure 1-2. . Wherein, the boost module is used to generate The required detonation voltage is charged to the energy storage device in the electronic detonator. The boosting module increases the voltage of the power output and outputs the signal to the signal bus through the switching of the signal modulation module to charge the detonating storage capacitor in the internal energy storage device of the electronic detonator; the signal modulation module is used to connect to the signal bus. 300 electronic detonators 200 Transmitting data and completing the switching of the voltage output from the detonating device to the signal bus, that is, switching between the communication voltage and the detonating voltage, so that the voltage on the signal bus satisfies the required voltage when communicating and charging the electronic detonator, respectively. Requirements. The program The management and control of the energy required by the detonating device for the electronic detonator are realized: on the one hand, in the communication phase, the voltage on the signal bus is controlled to a lower communication voltage to ensure the safety of the detonating network communication process; In the detonation phase, the voltage on the signal bus is switched to the high voltage output through the boost module, that is, the above-mentioned detonation voltage, thereby ensuring that the electronic detonator obtains sufficient detonating energy. The signal modulation module also performs modulation of data when the detonating device transmits data to the electronic detonator, thereby implementing DC carrier communication between the detonating device and the electronic detonator.
该技术方案的起爆装置中，采用控制模块控制信号调制模块输出的电压在通信电压与起爆电压之间的切换，使得在起爆装置与电子雷管进行通信时信号总线上始终输出较低的通信电压，而只有在起爆准备完毕、需对起爆储能电容进行充电时，方将信号总线上的通信电压切换为较高的起爆电压，这就能一定程度上保障通信过程的安全性。但是，由于起爆装置 100 自身具备输出较高的起爆电压的能力，因此，当起爆装置中的控制模块逻辑混乱或信号调制模块输出切换异常等故障情况下，就存在着通信过程中信号总线上就输出起爆电压向雷管内部起爆储能电容充电的可能性，从而存在着在通信过程中非预期地起爆雷管网路的可能性，这就为电子雷管的使用带来安全隐患。 In the detonating device of the technical solution, the control module controls the switching of the voltage outputted by the signal modulation module between the communication voltage and the detonation voltage, so that the communication bus always outputs a lower communication voltage when the detonating device communicates with the electronic detonator. Only when the detonation preparation is completed and the detonation storage capacitor needs to be charged, the communication voltage on the signal bus is switched to a higher detonation voltage, which can ensure the safety of the communication process to a certain extent. However, due to the detonating device 100 It has the ability to output a higher detonation voltage. Therefore, when the logic of the control module in the detonating device is disordered or the output of the signal modulation module is abnormally switched, there is a signal that the detonating voltage is output to the detonator on the signal bus during communication. The possibility of charging the storage capacitor is detonated, and there is a possibility that the detonator network is unintentionally detonated during the communication process, which brings a safety hazard to the use of the electronic detonator.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于解决上述现有技术的缺陷，提供一种既能与电子雷管进行双向通信，又能确保这一通信过程本征安全的电子雷管网路设备，即本发明的电子雷管编码器。 The object of the present invention is to solve the above drawbacks of the prior art, and provide an electronic detonator network device capable of two-way communication with an electronic detonator and ensuring the intrinsic safety of the communication process, that is, the electronic detonator encoder of the present invention. .
本发明的技术目的是通过以下技术方案实现的： The technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
这种电子雷管编码器，其有两端连接电子雷管起爆器，另外两端引出信号总线，至少一个电子雷管并联连接在所述信号总线之间。电子雷管起爆器、至少一个并联连接到电子雷管起爆器的电子雷管编码器、以及一个或多个并联连接到电子雷管编码器的电子雷管，构成本发明中所说的电子雷管起爆网路。 The electronic detonator encoder has two ends connected to an electronic detonator initiator, and the other ends lead to a signal bus, and at least one electronic detonator is connected in parallel between the signal buses. An electronic detonator detonator, at least one electronic detonator encoder connected in parallel to the electronic detonator detonator, and one or more electronic detonators connected in parallel to the electronic detonator encoder form an electronic detonator detonating network as described herein.
本发明所说的电子雷管编码器，包含电源、电源管理模块、对上通信模块、对下通信模块、和控制模块。其中，电源管理模块，用于将电源输出的电压转化为提供给对上通信模块、对下通信模块、和控制模块的工作电压，以及提供给对下通信模块的通信电压；对上通信模块，用于与电子雷管起爆器进行通信；对下通信模块，用于在通信阶段将通信电压通过信号总线提供给至少一个电子雷管，并与至少一个电子雷管在通信电压下进行通信；以及，在起爆阶段将电子雷管起爆器输出的起爆电压通过信号总线提供给至少一个电子雷管进行充电；控制模块，用于控制电源管理模块、对上通信模块、和对下通信模块的工作。 The electronic detonator encoder of the present invention comprises a power source, a power management module, a pair communication module, a pair communication module, and a control module. The power management module is configured to convert the voltage outputted by the power supply into an operating voltage provided to the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module, and a communication voltage provided to the lower communication module; the upper communication module, For communicating with an electronic detonator initiator; a communication module for supplying a communication voltage to at least one electronic detonator through a signal bus during communication, and communicating with at least one electronic detonator at a communication voltage; and, in detonating The detonation voltage outputted by the electronic detonator detonator is supplied to the at least one electronic detonator for charging through the signal bus; and the control module is configured to control the operation of the power management module, the upper communication module, and the lower communication module.
上述技术方案构建了本发明的电子雷管编码器的基本框架。在其内部的控制模块的控制下，电子雷管编码器通过对上通信模块实现与电子雷管起爆器的双向通信，通过对下通信模块实现与电子雷管的双向通信。电子雷管编码器内的电源管理模块仅输出工作电压和通信电压，因此，本发明的电子雷管编码器自身不具备向电子雷管网路输出起爆电压的能力，从而确保了通信阶段的本征安全性。而在起爆阶段，电子雷管编码器又能将电子雷管起爆器输出的起爆电压通过信号总线输出到电子雷管，以使得电子雷管起爆器在起爆准备完毕后可以向雷管网路中的电子雷管充电。这样的技术方案，既实现了起爆网路中的电子雷管编码器、电子雷管起爆器、及连接在电子雷管网路中各电子雷管的通信，又实现了应用电子雷管编码器与电子雷管进行通信时的本征安全性。 The above technical solution constructs the basic framework of the electronic detonator encoder of the present invention. Under the control of its internal control module, the electronic detonator encoder realizes two-way communication with the electronic detonator by the upper communication module, and realizes two-way communication with the electronic detonator through the lower communication module. The power management module in the electronic detonator encoder only outputs the working voltage and the communication voltage. Therefore, the electronic detonator encoder of the present invention does not have the ability to output a detonating voltage to the electronic detonator network, thereby ensuring the intrinsic safety in the communication phase. . In the detonation stage, the electronic detonator encoder can output the detonation voltage outputted by the electronic detonator detonator to the electronic detonator through the signal bus, so that the electronic detonator detonator can charge the electronic detonator in the detonator network after the detonation preparation is completed. Such a technical solution realizes the communication of the electronic detonator encoder, the electronic detonator detonator, and the electronic detonators connected in the electronic detonator network in the detonating network, and realizes the communication between the electronic detonator encoder and the electronic detonator. Intrinsic safety.
上述电子雷管编码器中各个模块的连接关系可采用以下方案实现： The connection relationship of each module in the above electronic detonator encoder can be implemented by the following solutions:
电源、电源管理模块、对上通信模块、对下通信模块、和控制模块共同接第一电源参考地。电源连接电源管理模块；控制模块与电源管理模块、对上通信模块、和对下通信模块连接。电源管理模块的工作电压输出端连接到对上通信模块、对下通信模块、和控制模块；电源管理模块的通信电压输出端连接到对下通信模块。对上通信模块的其余两端分别连接到对下通信模块，并通向本电子雷管编码器外部，连接到电子雷管起爆器。对下通信模块的其余两端通向本电子雷管编码器外部，构成信号总线，至少一个电子雷管并联连接在信号总线上。 The power supply, the power management module, the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module are connected to the first power reference ground. The power supply is connected to the power management module; the control module is connected to the power management module, the upper communication module, and the lower communication module. The working voltage output end of the power management module is connected to the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module; the communication voltage output end of the power management module is connected to the lower communication module. The remaining two ends of the upper communication module are respectively connected to the lower communication module, and are connected to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder and connected to the electronic detonator initiator. The other ends of the lower communication module are connected to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder to form a signal bus, and at least one electronic detonator is connected in parallel on the signal bus.
在上述连接方案的基础上，电源管理模块可还包含一对通信电压采样端，这对通信电压采样端一对一地连接到所述信号总线。采用这种优选方案，也就使得对信号总线上电压的采集与调整成为可能。 Based on the above connection scheme, the power management module may further include a pair of communication voltage sampling terminals, and the pair of communication voltage sampling terminals are connected to the signal bus one-to-one. With this preferred solution, the acquisition and adjustment of the voltage on the signal bus is made possible.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图 1-1 为专利申请文件 200810135028.0 中电子雷管起爆装置在使用时的起爆网路示意图； Figure 1-1 shows the patent application document 200810135028.0 Schematic diagram of the detonating network of the electronic detonator detonating device in use;
图 1-2 为专利申请文件 200810135028.0 中电子雷管起爆装置的构成示意图； Figure 1-2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic detonator detonating device in the patent application document 200810135028.0;
图 2 为本发明的起爆网路布设示意图； 2 is a schematic diagram of a detonating network layout of the present invention;
图 3 为本发明中电子雷管编码器的一种构成示意图； 3 is a schematic structural view of an electronic detonator encoder according to the present invention;
图 4 为本发明中电子雷管编码器的又一种构成示意图； 4 is a schematic diagram showing still another structure of an electronic detonator encoder according to the present invention;
图 5 为本发明中电源管理模块的一种构成示意图； FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power management module according to the present invention; FIG.
图 6 为本发明中电源管理模块的另一种构成示意图； 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a power management module according to the present invention;
图 7 为本发明中控制模块的构成示意图； 7 is a schematic structural view of a control module in the present invention;
图 8 为本发明中电子雷管波形转换模块的构成示意图； 8 is a schematic structural view of an electronic detonator waveform conversion module according to the present invention;
图 9 为电子雷管波形转换模块中数据解码电路的构成示意图； 9 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a data decoding circuit in an electronic detonator waveform conversion module;
图 10 为电子雷管波形转换模块中采样电路的构成示意图； Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a sampling circuit in an electronic detonator waveform conversion module;
图 11 为本发明中具有测频功能的电子雷管波形转换模块的构成示意图； 11 is a schematic structural view of an electronic detonator waveform conversion module having a frequency measuring function according to the present invention;
图 12 为本发明中起爆器波形转换模块的构成示意图； 12 is a schematic structural view of a detonator waveform conversion module according to the present invention;
图 13 为起爆器波形转换模块中数据解码接收电路的构成示意图； 13 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a data decoding receiving circuit in a detonator waveform conversion module;
图 14 为本发明中对上通信模块中隔离解调模块有两端连接到电子雷管起爆器的构成示意图； 14 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an isolated demodulation module in the upper communication module having two ends connected to an electronic detonator initiator according to the present invention;
图 15 为本发明中对上通信模块中隔离解调模块有一端连接到电子雷管起爆器的构成示意图； 15 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an isolated demodulation module in the upper communication module of the present invention connected to an electronic detonator initiator;
图 16-1 为本发明中对上通信电源电路的总体构成示意图； Figure 16-1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the upper communication power supply circuit of the present invention;
图 16-2 为本发明中对上通信电源电路的细化构成示意图； Figure 16-2 is a schematic diagram showing the refinement of the upper communication power supply circuit of the present invention;
图 17 为本发明中隔离调制电路的一种实施示意图； 17 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of an isolation modulation circuit in the present invention;
图 18 为本发明中隔离调制电路的又一种实施示意图； 18 is a schematic diagram of still another implementation of the isolation modulation circuit of the present invention;
图 19 为与图 15 实现方式对应的隔离解调电路体现为磁电隔离模块的示意图； 19 is a schematic diagram showing an isolated demodulation circuit corresponding to the implementation manner of FIG. 15 as a magnetoelectric isolation module;
图 20 为图 19 中磁电隔离模块的构成示意图； 20 is a schematic structural view of the magnetoelectric isolation module of FIG. 19;
图 21 为与图 14 实现方式对应的磁电隔离模块的构成示意图； 21 is a schematic structural view of a magnetoelectric isolation module corresponding to the implementation manner of FIG. 14;
图 22 为本发明中变压器隔离电路一种实施方式的构成示意图； 22 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a transformer isolation circuit according to the present invention;
图 23 为本发明中变压器隔离电路又一种实施方式的构成示意图； 23 is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of a transformer isolation circuit according to the present invention;
图 24 为本发明中对下通信模块的构成示意图； 24 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a pair of communication modules in the present invention;
图 25 为本发明中对下通信信号处理模块的第一种实施示意图； 25 is a schematic diagram of a first implementation of a communication signal processing module in the present invention;
图 26 为本发明中对下通信信号处理模块的第二种实施示意图； 26 is a schematic diagram of a second implementation of a downlink communication signal processing module according to the present invention;
图 27 为本发明中对下通信信号处理模块的第三种实施示意图； 27 is a schematic diagram of a third implementation of a communication signal processing module in the present invention;
图 28 为本发明中对下通信信号处理模块的第四种实施示意图； 28 is a schematic diagram of a fourth implementation of a downlink communication signal processing module according to the present invention;
图 29 为本发明中对下通信信号处理模块的第五种实施示意图； 29 is a schematic diagram of a fifth implementation of a downlink communication signal processing module according to the present invention;
图 30 为本发明中对下通信信号解调模块的构成示意图； Figure 30 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a demodulation module for a communication signal in the present invention;
图 31 为本发明中信号取样电路的构成示意图； Figure 31 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a signal sampling circuit in the present invention;
图 32 为本发明中信号调理电路的一种构成示意图； 32 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal conditioning circuit according to the present invention;
图 33 为本发明中信号调理电路的又一种构成示意图； Figure 33 is a schematic diagram showing still another structure of the signal conditioning circuit of the present invention;
图 34 为与图 27 对应的对下通信信号调制模块的实施示意图； Figure 34 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the lower communication signal modulation module corresponding to Figure 27;
图 35 为电子雷管波形转换模块在数据编码发送过程中发送的指令示意图； Figure 35 is a schematic diagram of an instruction sent by an electronic detonator waveform conversion module during data encoding and transmitting;
图 36 为电子雷管波形转换模块在数据解码接收过程中的波形示意图； Figure 36 is a waveform diagram of the electronic detonator waveform conversion module during data decoding and receiving;
图 37 为起爆器波形转换模块在数据编码发送过程中的波形示意图； Figure 37 is a waveform diagram of the detonator waveform conversion module during data encoding and transmission;
图 38 为起爆器波形转换模块在数据解码接收过程中的波形示意图； Figure 38 is a waveform diagram of the detonator waveform conversion module during data decoding and receiving;
图 39 为本发明中单信号驱动电路的一种实施示意图； 39 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a single signal driving circuit in the present invention;
图 40 为本发明中双信号驱动电路的一种实施示意图。 FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a dual signal driving circuit in the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案做进一步详细说明。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明提供了一种电子雷管编码器20。该编码器20的两端连接电子雷管起爆器10，另两端引出信号总线40，至少一个电子雷管30并联连接在信号总线40之间，如图2所示。电子雷管起爆器10、至少一个并联连接到电子雷管起爆器10的电子雷管编码器20、以及至少一个并 联连接到电子雷管编码器20的电子雷管30，构成本发明中所说的电子雷管起爆网路。The present invention provides an electronic detonator encoder 20. The encoder 20 is connected to the electronic detonator 10 at both ends, and the other ends lead to the signal bus 40. At least one electronic detonator 30 is connected in parallel between the signal buses 40, as shown in FIG. An electronic detonator initiator 10, at least one electronic detonator encoder 20 connected in parallel to the electronic detonator initiator 10, and at least one The electronic detonator 30 connected to the electronic detonator encoder 20 constitutes an electronic detonator detonating network as described in the present invention.
本发明所说的电子雷管编码器20，包含电源21、电源管理模块22、对上通信模块23、对下通信模块24、和控制模块26，参见图3或图4所示。其中，电源管理模块22，用于将电源21输出的电压转化为提供给对上通信模块23、对下通信模块24、和控制模块26的工作电压，并将电源21输出的电压转化为提供给对下通信模块24的通信电压；对上通信模块23，用于与电子雷管起爆器10进行通信；对下通信模块24，用于在通信阶段将通信电压通过信号总线40提供给至少一个电子雷管30，并与至少一个电子雷管30在通信电压下进行通信；以及，在起爆阶段将电子雷管起爆器10输出的起爆电压通过信号总线40提供给至少一个电子雷管30进行充电；控制模块26，用于控制电源管理模块22、对上通信模块23、和对下通信模块24的工作。The electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention comprises a power source 21, a power management module 22, a pair of communication modules 23, a pair of communication modules 24, and a control module 26, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. The power management module 22 is configured to convert the voltage output by the power source 21 into an operating voltage provided to the upper communication module 23, the lower communication module 24, and the control module 26, and convert the voltage output by the power source 21 into a voltage supply. a communication voltage to the lower communication module 24; the upper communication module 23 for communicating with the electronic detonator 10; and a communication module 24 for supplying the communication voltage to the at least one electronic detonator via the signal bus 40 during the communication phase 30, and communicate with at least one electronic detonator 30 at a communication voltage; and, in a detonation phase, the detonation voltage output by the electronic detonator initiator 10 is supplied to the at least one electronic detonator 30 via the signal bus 40 for charging; the control module 26, The operations of the power management module 22, the upper communication module 23, and the lower communication module 24 are controlled.
如图3所示，电子雷管编码器20中的各个模块的连接关系可描述如下：As shown in FIG. 3, the connection relationship of each module in the electronic detonator encoder 20 can be described as follows:
电源21、电源管理模块22、对上通信模块23、对下通信模块24、和控制模块26共同接地11。电源21连接电源管理模块22，向该模块22供电；控制模块26与电源管理模块22、对上通信模块23、和对下通信模块24连接，与上述诸模块分别进行数据交互。电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1连接到对上通信模块23、对下通信模块24和控制模块26，向诸模块提供工作电压；电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2连接到对下通信模块24，向该模块24提供通信电压。对上通信模块23的其余两端70和70’通向本电子雷管编码器20外部，连接到电子雷管起爆器10；对上通信模块23的两端70和70’还分别连接到对下通信模块24。对下通信模块24的其余两端通向本电子雷管编码器20外部，构成信号总线40。一个或多个电子雷管30并联连接在信号总线40上。The power source 21, the power management module 22, the upper communication module 23, the lower communication module 24, and the control module 26 are commonly grounded 11. The power supply 21 is connected to the power management module 22, and supplies power to the module 22. The control module 26 is connected to the power management module 22, the upper communication module 23, and the lower communication module 24, and performs data interaction with the above modules. The working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22 is connected to the upper communication module 23, the lower communication module 24 and the control module 26, and supplies operating voltages to the modules; the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22 is connected to the lower communication. Module 24 provides a communication voltage to the module 24. The remaining two ends 70 and 70' of the upper communication module 23 lead to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder 20, and are connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10; the two ends 70 and 70' of the upper communication module 23 are also respectively connected to the opposite communication. Module 24. The remaining two ends of the lower communication module 24 lead to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder 20 to form a signal bus 40. One or more electronic detonators 30 are connected in parallel on the signal bus 40.
上述技术方案即构建了本发明的电子雷管编码器20的基本框架。在其内部控制模块26的控制下，电子雷管编码器20通过对上通信模块23实现了编码器20与电子雷管起爆器10的双向通信，通过对下通信模块24实现了与电子雷管30的双向通信。电子雷管编码器20不具备向电子雷管网路输出起爆电压的能力，因此，电子雷管起爆器10还直接连接到对下通信模块24，用于在起爆准备完毕后向雷管网路中的电子雷管30充电，并发送起爆指令控制雷管30的起爆。这样的设计既实现了起爆网路中的编码器20、起爆器10、及电子雷管网路的通信，又实现了应用编码器20与电子雷管网路进行通信时的本征安全性。The above technical solution is to construct the basic framework of the electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention. Under the control of its internal control module 26, the electronic detonator encoder 20 realizes bidirectional communication between the encoder 20 and the electronic detonator initiator 10 through the upper communication module 23, and realizes bidirectional communication with the electronic detonator 30 through the lower communication module 24. Communication. The electronic detonator encoder 20 does not have the ability to output a detonation voltage to the electronic detonator network. Therefore, the electronic detonator initiator 10 is also directly coupled to the pair of communication modules 24 for use in electronic detonators in the detonator network after the initiation of the detonation is completed. 30 is charged and a detonation command is sent to control the detonation of the detonator 30. Such a design achieves both the communication of the encoder 20, the initiator 10, and the electronic detonator network in the detonating network, as well as the intrinsic safety of the application encoder 20 in communicating with the electronic detonator network.
在实际应用中，为了使得电子雷管编码器20的使用更加方便和人性化，该电子雷管编码器20中还可以包括人机交互模块25，参见图4所示，人机交互模块25用于实现用户与编码器20的信息交互。例如，人机交互模块25可接收来自用户的指令，并将指令发送给控制模块26，以控制其他模块完成相应地操作。人机交互模块25也可将编码器20工作的结果向用户以图像或声音等方式展示。人机交互模块25可取为键盘、显示器等常见器件。可以根据实际需求，来设计该电子雷管编码器中是否设置人机交互模块25。In an actual application, in order to make the use of the electronic detonator encoder 20 more convenient and user-friendly, the electronic detonator encoder 20 may further include a human-machine interaction module 25. Referring to FIG. 4, the human-machine interaction module 25 is used to implement The user interacts with the information of the encoder 20. For example, the human-computer interaction module 25 can receive instructions from the user and send the instructions to the control module 26 to control the other modules to perform the corresponding operations. The human-computer interaction module 25 can also present the results of the operation of the encoder 20 to the user in an image or sound manner. The human-computer interaction module 25 can be taken as a common device such as a keyboard or a display. The human-machine interaction module 25 can be designed in the electronic detonator encoder according to actual needs.
在图3所示实施方式的基础上，电源管理模块可还包含一对通信电压采样端3和3’，这对通信电压采样端3和3’一对一地连接到信号总线40。采用这种优选方案，也就使得对信号总线上电压的采集与调整成为可能。Based on the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the power management module may further include a pair of communication voltage sampling terminals 3 and 3' which are connected to the signal bus 40 one-to-one with respect to the communication voltage sampling terminals 3 and 3'. With this preferred solution, the acquisition and adjustment of the voltage on the signal bus is made possible.
本发明技术方案的诸方面有多种优选实现方式，具体如下：There are various preferred implementations of aspects of the technical solution of the present invention, as follows:
其一，与图4所示实施方式相对应地，为实现对信号总线40上电压的采集，上述电源管理模块22可包括电压转换模块221和模/数转换器222，参见图5所示。其中，电压转换模块221和模/数转换器222共同接地11；电压转换模块221还有一端连接电源21，一端通向电源管理模块22外部，构成电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2。电压转换模块221的其余端连接到模/数转换器222，向该模/数转换器222供电；该端还通向电源管理模块22外部，构成电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1。模/数转换器222还有一端连接到控制模块26，向控制模块26发送数据。模/数转换器222的其余两端通向电源管理模块22外部，构成通信电压采样端3。First, corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, in order to achieve voltage collection on the signal bus 40, the power management module 22 may include a voltage conversion module 221 and an analog to digital converter 222, as shown in FIG. The voltage conversion module 221 and the analog/digital converter 222 are commonly grounded 11; the voltage conversion module 221 has one end connected to the power source 21 and one end to the outside of the power management module 22 to constitute the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22. The remaining end of the voltage conversion module 221 is coupled to the analog to digital converter 222 to supply power to the analog to digital converter 222; the terminal also leads to the outside of the power management module 22 to form the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22. The analog to digital converter 222 is also connected at one end to the control module 26 to transmit data to the control module 26. The remaining two ends of the analog/digital converter 222 lead to the outside of the power management module 22 to constitute the communication voltage sampling terminal 3.
上述电源管理模块22，既提供编码器20内部其他模块正常工作所需的工作电压，又提供与电子雷管30进行通信过程中信号总线40上的通信电压，并且对输出的通信电压的值进行监控，从而保证通信电压值远低于电子雷管30的安全电压值，也就是低于起爆电子雷管30所需的最低电压值，这样有利于确保与电子雷管30的通信以及对电子雷管30的操作的安全性。The power management module 22 provides the operating voltage required for the normal operation of other modules in the encoder 20, and provides the communication voltage on the signal bus 40 during communication with the electronic detonator 30, and monitors the value of the output communication voltage. Therefore, the communication voltage value is ensured to be much lower than the safe voltage value of the electronic detonator 30, that is, lower than the minimum voltage required for the detonating electronic detonator 30, which is advantageous for ensuring communication with the electronic detonator 30 and operation of the electronic detonator 30. safety.
除图5所示实施例外，电源管理模块22也可采用专利申请200810135028.0中公开的技术方案实现，如图6所示。与图5所示实施例相比，图6中电源管理模块22还包含数/模转换器223。该数/模转换器223一端连接电压转换模块221的一端，由电压转换模块221提供工作电压；一端连接到电压转换模块221的另一端，向电压转换模块221发送通信电压调节信号。数/模转换器223还有一端接地11，其余一端连接控制模块26。该数/模转换器223用于接收控制模块26对反映信号总线40上电压信号的信息进行处理的结果，该处理结果被数/模转换器223转换为一模拟电压信号，即上述通信电压调节信号，提供给电压转换模块221，从而实现了对输出到信号总线40的通信电压的调节功能。In addition to the implementation shown in FIG. 5, the power management module 22 can also be implemented using the technical solution disclosed in Patent Application No. 200810135028.0, as shown in FIG. The power management module 22 of FIG. 6 also includes a digital to analog converter 223 as compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. One end of the digital-to-analog converter 223 is connected to one end of the voltage conversion module 221, and the operating voltage is provided by the voltage conversion module 221; one end is connected to the other end of the voltage conversion module 221, and the communication voltage adjustment signal is sent to the voltage conversion module 221. The digital-to-analog converter 223 has one end grounded 11 and the other end connected to the control module 26. The digital-to-analog converter 223 is configured to receive a result of the control module 26 processing the information reflecting the voltage signal on the signal bus 40. The processing result is converted by the digital-to-analog converter 223 into an analog voltage signal, that is, the communication voltage adjustment. The signal is supplied to the voltage conversion module 221, thereby realizing the adjustment function of the communication voltage output to the signal bus 40.
图5和图6所给出的电源管理模块22的实施例中，均设计有模/数转换器222。为简化设计，也可不对信号总线40上的电压值进行采集监控，从而电源管理模块22只由电压转换模块221构成。电压转换模块221将电源21输入的电能分别转换为通信电压和工作电压，输出到电源管理模块22外部。该实施例与图3所示实施方式相对应。In the embodiment of the power management module 22 shown in Figures 5 and 6, an analog to digital converter 222 is designed. In order to simplify the design, the voltage value on the signal bus 40 may not be collected and monitored, so that the power management module 22 is only constituted by the voltage conversion module 221. The voltage conversion module 221 converts the electrical energy input by the power source 21 into a communication voltage and an operating voltage, respectively, and outputs the power to the outside of the power management module 22. This embodiment corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG.
其二，上述控制模块26可包含中央处理器262和收发波形转换模块261。其中，收发波形转换模块261由起爆器波形转换模块2630和电子雷管波形转换模块2610两部分组成，参见图7所示。中央处理器262、起爆器波形转换模块2630和电子雷管波形转换模块2610均连接到工作电压输出端1，接受电源管理模块22的供电。起爆器波形转换模块2630和电子雷管波形转换模块2610分别连接到中央处理器262，与中央处理器262进行双向数据交互。中央处理器262、起爆器波形转换模块2630和电子雷管波形转换模块2610还共同接地11。起爆器波形转换模块2630的其余端，通向收发波形转换模块261外部，构成控制模块26的对上通信端8，该对上通信端连接到对上通信模块23。电子雷管波形转换模块2610的其余端，通向收发波形转换模块261外部，构成控制模块26的对下通信端9，该对下通信端连接到对下通信模块24。上述对上通信端8在图12所示实施例中具体可体现为控制模块26的对上通信输出端61和对上通信输入端62，对下通信端9在图8或图11所示实施例中具体可体现为控制模块26的对下通信输出端71和对下通信输入端72。Second, the above control module 26 can include a central processing unit 262 and a transceiving waveform conversion module 261. The transceiving waveform conversion module 261 is composed of a detonator waveform conversion module 2630 and an electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610, as shown in FIG. The central processing unit 262, the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 are both connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 and receive power from the power management module 22. The initiator waveform conversion module 2630 and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 are coupled to the central processor 262 for bidirectional data interaction with the central processor 262, respectively. The central processor 262, the initiator waveform conversion module 2630, and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 are also commonly grounded 11. The remaining end of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 leads to the outside of the transceiving waveform conversion module 261 to form the upper communication terminal 8 of the control module 26, which is connected to the upper communication module 23. The remaining ends of the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 lead to the outside of the transceiving waveform conversion module 261 to form a down communication terminal 9 of the control module 26, and the pair of lower communication terminals are connected to the lower communication module 24. The above-mentioned upper communication terminal 8 can be embodied as the upper communication output end 61 and the upper communication input end 62 of the control module 26 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, and the lower communication end 9 is implemented in FIG. 8 or FIG. The example can be embodied as the lower communication output 71 and the lower communication input 72 of the control module 26.
中央处理器262控制起爆器波形转换模块2630和电子雷管波形转换模块2610的工作，分别实现与电子雷管起爆器10和电子雷管30的双向数据交互。以与电子雷管30的数据交互为例，一方面，电子雷管波形转换模块2610从对下通信模块24接收数据，将其转换为中央处理器262可识别的数据形式，再发送至中央处理器262供进一步处理；另一方面，电子雷管波形转换模块2610从中央处理器262接收数据，并转换信号形式以便经由对下通信模块24发送至电子雷管30。The central processor 262 controls the operation of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 to effect bidirectional data interaction with the electronic detonator initiator 10 and the electronic detonator 30, respectively. Taking the data interaction with the electronic detonator 30 as an example, on the one hand, the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 receives data from the lower communication module 24, converts it into a data form recognizable by the central processing unit 262, and transmits it to the central processing unit 262. For further processing; on the other hand, the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 receives data from the central processor 262 and converts the signal form for transmission to the electronic detonator 30 via the pair of communication modules 24.
上述电子雷管波形转换模块2610可包含数据接口电路2611、数据编码电路2612、数据解码电路2613和采样电路2614，如图8所示。其中，数据接口电路2611与中央处理器262进行双向数据交互。中央处理器262经由数据接口电路2611向数据编码电路2612发送待发送数据，数据编码电路2612将待发送数据进行编码后输出至对下通信模块24；数据解码电路2613接收对下通信模块24发送来的待接收数据，将该待接收数据进行解码后输出至采样电路2614，采样电路2614完成采样后经由数据接口电路2611将采样后数据发送至中央处理器262。如此方式就实现了对下通信模块24与控制模块26的双向数据交互。The electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 may include a data interface circuit 2611, a data encoding circuit 2612, a data decoding circuit 2613, and a sampling circuit 2614, as shown in FIG. The data interface circuit 2611 performs bidirectional data interaction with the central processing unit 262. The central processing unit 262 transmits the data to be transmitted to the data encoding circuit 2612 via the data interface circuit 2611. The data encoding circuit 2612 encodes the data to be transmitted and outputs the data to the lower communication module 24; the data decoding circuit 2613 receives the communication module 24 for transmission. The data to be received is decoded, and then output to the sampling circuit 2614. After the sampling circuit 2614 completes the sampling, the sampled data is sent to the central processing unit 262 via the data interface circuit 2611. In this way, two-way data interaction between the lower communication module 24 and the control module 26 is achieved.
在图8所示实施例的基础上可进一步设计，在对下通信输入端72和数据接口电路2611之间直接加入测频电路2621，如图11所示，则电子雷管波形转换模块2610便可实现对对下通信模块24接收到的信号频率的测量。由于集成电路本身的制造工艺会导致芯片内振荡器的频率存在一定偏差，因此，可通过在编码器20内设计的测频电路2621对电子雷管30内振荡器自身的时钟频率进行测量，进而可在编码器20内实现对延期计数值的校正。这样的设计有利于提高电子雷管起爆网路的延期精确性。Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the frequency measuring circuit 2621 can be directly added between the lower communication input terminal 72 and the data interface circuit 2611. As shown in FIG. 11, the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 can be A measurement of the frequency of the signal received by the lower communication module 24 is achieved. Since the manufacturing process of the integrated circuit itself causes a certain deviation of the frequency of the on-chip oscillator, the clock frequency of the oscillator itself in the electronic detonator 30 can be measured by the frequency measuring circuit 2621 designed in the encoder 20, and then Correction of the deferred count value is implemented within the encoder 20. This design is beneficial to improve the delay of the electronic detonator detonation network.
图8和图11中的数据编码电路2612均可通过调频的方式实现数据编码，例如图35所示的波形。如图35所示，数据编码电路2612在发送指令时，在发送指令命令字前可先发送预设个数m个同步学习头。电子雷管30在接收到同步学习头的边沿信号后启动其芯片内部的计数器对同步学习头的个数进行计数。然后，由芯片内的中央处理器计算串行通信接口应采用的、分别与预设通信波特率和预设采样相位对应的、RC振荡器的时钟个数，从而调整电子雷管30的数据接收时机和计数间隔。这就能保证引入了RC振荡器的电子雷管控制芯片，即使RC振荡器存在温漂、时漂、参数变化等问题，仍然能够可靠接收电子雷管编码器20发送来的控制指令。The data encoding circuit 2612 of Figures 8 and 11 can each implement data encoding by means of frequency modulation, such as the waveform shown in Figure 35. As shown in FIG. 35, the data encoding circuit 2612 may transmit a preset number of m synchronous learning heads before transmitting the command word when transmitting the command. The electronic detonator 30 starts the counter inside the chip after receiving the edge signal of the synchronous learning head, and counts the number of synchronous learning heads. Then, the central processor in the chip calculates the number of clocks of the RC oscillator that the serial communication interface should use corresponding to the preset communication baud rate and the preset sampling phase, thereby adjusting the data reception of the electronic detonator 30. Timing and counting interval. This ensures that the electronic detonator control chip incorporating the RC oscillator can reliably receive the control command sent from the electronic detonator encoder 20 even if the RC oscillator has problems such as temperature drift, time drift, and parameter variation.
电子雷管波形转换模块2610中的数据解码电路2613可进一步由信号合成电路2617和两个边沿触发器2615和2616构成，如图9所示。其中，两个边沿触发器2615和2616的输入端分别通向数据解码电路2613外部，连接到对下通信模块24；两个边沿触发器2615和2616的输出端分别连接到信号合成电路2617；信号合成电路2617的其余端通向数据解码电路2613外部，连接到采样电路2614。用两个边沿触发器2615和2616分别采集对下通信模块24发来的两路脉冲信号，这两路信号经过信号合成电路2617的处理后，转换成一路方波信号输出至采样电路2614，进而经由数据接口电路2611发送至中央处理器262，这样就实现了对电子雷管30发送到本编码器20的数据的解码。上述两路脉冲信号合成一路方波信号的示意图可参见图36所示实施例，信号合成电路2617分别接收边沿触发器2615和边沿触发器2616发送的两路脉冲信号，每接收到一个下降沿信号就进行一次高低电平的转换，如此就实现了两路脉冲信号的合成。The data decoding circuit 2613 in the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 can be further constructed by a signal synthesis circuit 2617 and two edge flip-flops 2615 and 2616, as shown in FIG. The input ends of the two edge flip-flops 2615 and 2616 respectively lead to the outside of the data decoding circuit 2613, and are connected to the lower communication module 24; the outputs of the two edge flip-flops 2615 and 2616 are respectively connected to the signal synthesizing circuit 2617; The remaining ends of the synthesizing circuit 2617 lead to the outside of the data decoding circuit 2613 and are connected to the sampling circuit 2614. The two edge triggers 2615 and 2616 respectively collect two pulse signals sent from the lower communication module 24, and the two signals are processed by the signal synthesis circuit 2617, and then converted into a square wave signal output to the sampling circuit 2614, and further Transmission to the central processor 262 via the data interface circuit 2611 thus enables decoding of the data transmitted by the electronic detonator 30 to the present encoder 20. For the schematic diagram of the two-way pulse signal synthesizing a square wave signal, refer to the embodiment shown in FIG. 36, the signal synthesizing circuit 2617 receives the two-way pulse signals sent by the edge flip-flop 2615 and the edge flip-flop 2616, and each receives a falling edge signal. A high-low transition is performed, thus realizing the synthesis of two pulse signals.
电子雷管波形转换模块2610中的采样电路2614可包含采样计数模块2619和存储发送模块2620，如图10所示。采样电路2614接收到数据解码电路2613发出的信号波形后，采样计数模块2619对每个信号脉冲的中间点进行采样计数，存储发送模块2620将采样得到的数据发送至数据接口电路2611，进而由数据接口电路2611发送至中央处理器262。其中，采样计数模块2619可具体化为一计数器，存储发送模块2620可具体化为移位寄存器。The sampling circuit 2614 in the electronic detonator waveform conversion module 2610 can include a sample counting module 2619 and a storage transmitting module 2620, as shown in FIG. After the sampling circuit 2614 receives the signal waveform sent by the data decoding circuit 2613, the sampling and counting module 2619 samples and counts the intermediate point of each signal pulse, and the storage transmitting module 2620 sends the sampled data to the data interface circuit 2611, and further the data. The interface circuit 2611 is sent to the central processing unit 262. The sample counting module 2619 can be embodied as a counter, and the storage sending module 2620 can be embodied as a shift register.
上述起爆器波形转换模块2630可包含数据编码发送电路2631，数据解码接收电路2632和数据接口2633，如图12所示。中央处理器262经由数据接口2633向数据编码发送电路2631发送待发送数据，数据编码发送电路2631将待发送数据进行编码后输出至对上通信模块23；数据解码接收电路2632接收对上通信模块23发送来的待接收数据，将该待接收数据进行解码后经由数据接口2633发送至中央处理器262。如此方式就实现了对上通信模块23与控制模块26的双向数据交互。当进行数据编码发送时，起爆器波形转换模块2630的输入输出波形可参见图37所示；当进行数据解码接收时，起爆器波形转换模块2630的输入输出波形可参见图38所示。The detonator waveform conversion module 2630 may include a data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631, a data decoding receiving circuit 2632, and a data interface 2633, as shown in FIG. The central processing unit 262 transmits the data to be transmitted to the data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631 via the data interface 2633. The data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631 encodes the data to be transmitted and outputs the data to the upper communication module 23; the data decoding and receiving circuit 2632 receives the communication module 23 The transmitted data to be received is decoded, and then the data to be received is decoded and sent to the central processing unit 262 via the data interface 2633. In this way, two-way data interaction between the upper communication module 23 and the control module 26 is achieved. When the data encoding is transmitted, the input and output waveforms of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 can be seen in FIG. 37; when the data decoding is received, the input and output waveforms of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 can be seen in FIG.
起爆器波形转换模块2630中的数据接口2633可采用串口形式，例如RS485、RS232等。起爆器波形转换模块2630中的数据编码发送电路2631可采用调频的方式进行数据编码。数据解码接收电路2632可进一步包含取样电路2634、放大器2635、比较器2636以及信号采样电路2637，参见图13所示。取样电路2634将对上通信模块23发来的数据进行取样，将取样后的数据经由放大器2635放大，输出至比较器2636，比较器2636用于将模拟信号转换为数字信号后发送至信号采样电路2637处理，这样就实现了起爆器波形转换模块2630的数据解码接收过程。上述取样电路2634可取为一线圈。The data interface 2633 in the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 can take the form of a serial port, such as RS485, RS232, and the like. The data encoding and transmitting circuit 2631 in the initiator waveform converting module 2630 can perform data encoding by means of frequency modulation. The data decoding receiving circuit 2632 may further include a sampling circuit 2634, an amplifier 2635, a comparator 2636, and a signal sampling circuit 2637, as shown in FIG. The sampling circuit 2634 samples the data sent from the upper communication module 23, and the sampled data is amplified by the amplifier 2635 and output to the comparator 2636, which is used to convert the analog signal into a digital signal and then sent to the signal sampling circuit. 2637 processing, thus implementing the data decoding and receiving process of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630. The sampling circuit 2634 can be taken as a coil.
其三，本发明电子雷管编码器20中的对上通信模块23可包含对上通信电源电路230、隔离调制电路231、和隔离解调电路232，参见图14或图15所示。其中，对上通信电源电路230的一对输入端50通向对上通信模块23外部，分别连接到电子雷管起爆器10，形成起爆器通信线路80。对上通信电源电路230还有一端接地12，对上通信电源电路230的再一端连接到隔离解调电路232和隔离调制电路231，向该两个电路供电；对上通信电源电路230的其余端连接到隔离调制电路231。隔离调制电路231和隔离解调电路232各有一端共同接地12，还各有一端共同接地11。隔离调制电路231的其余的端连接到控制模块26，接收控制模块26发送来的数据。隔离解调电路232也连接到控制模块26，向控制模块26发送数据。隔离解调电路232还有一端连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，其余的端通向对上通信模块23外部，连接到电子雷管起爆器10，接收起爆器10发送来的数据。与图14所示实现方式相对应地，隔离解调电路232通过两不同支路分别一对一地连接到电子雷管起爆器10引出的一对起爆器通信线路80；与图15所示实现方式相对应地，隔离解调电路232仅连接到一对起爆器通信线路80之一。Third, the upper communication module 23 in the electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention may include an upper communication power supply circuit 230, an isolation modulation circuit 231, and an isolation demodulation circuit 232, as shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. The pair of input terminals 50 of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 lead to the outside of the upper communication module 23, and are respectively connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10 to form the initiator communication line 80. The upper communication power supply circuit 230 further has one end ground 12, and the other end of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 is connected to the isolation demodulation circuit 232 and the isolation modulation circuit 231 to supply power to the two circuits; the other end of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 Connected to the isolation modulation circuit 231. The isolation modulation circuit 231 and the isolation demodulation circuit 232 each have a common ground 12 at one end, and each end has a common ground 11 at each end. The remaining ends of the isolated modulation circuit 231 are coupled to the control module 26 for receiving data transmitted by the control module 26. The isolation demodulation circuit 232 is also coupled to the control module 26 to transmit data to the control module 26. The isolation demodulation circuit 232 also has one end connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the remaining terminals to the outside of the upper communication module 23, connected to the electronic detonator detonator 10, and receiving data transmitted by the detonator 10. Corresponding to the implementation shown in FIG. 14, the isolation demodulation circuit 232 is connected one-to-one by a pair of different branches to a pair of initiator communication lines 80 led by the electronic detonator initiator 10; Correspondingly, the isolation demodulation circuit 232 is only coupled to one of a pair of initiator communication lines 80.
对上通信模块23中的对上通信电源电路230的设计，利用起爆器10传送给编码器20的能量向隔离解调电路232供电，从而避免了为隔离解调电路232外接供电电源带来的不便，有利于简化电路设计。隔离调制电路231和隔离解调电路232的配合作用，就实现了起爆器10与编码器20之间的信号传递和电气隔离。For the design of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 in the upper communication module 23, the energy transmitted to the encoder 20 by the detonator 10 is supplied with power to the isolation demodulation circuit 232, thereby avoiding the external power supply for the isolation demodulation circuit 232. Inconvenience helps simplify circuit design. The cooperation of the isolation modulation circuit 231 and the isolation demodulation circuit 232 achieves signal transmission and electrical isolation between the initiator 10 and the encoder 20.
上述对上通信电源电路230可进一步包含整流电桥电路233、防回流电路234、限流电路236和储能电路235，如图16-1所示。其中，整流电桥电路233的一对输入端构成对上通信电源电路230的一对输入端50。整流电桥电路233的正向输出端经由防回流电路234和限流电路236连接到储能电路235的正极。储能电路235的正极同时连接到隔离调制电路231和隔离解调电路232。整流电桥电路233的正向输出端还通向对上通信电源电路230外部，直接连接到隔离调制电路231。整流电桥电路233的负向输出端及储能电路235的负极接地12。The above-mentioned upper communication power supply circuit 230 may further include a rectifying bridge circuit 233, a backflow prevention circuit 234, a current limiting circuit 236, and a storage circuit 235, as shown in FIG. 16-1. The pair of input ends of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 constitute a pair of input terminals 50 of the upper communication power supply circuit 230. The forward output of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 is coupled to the anode of the tank circuit 235 via a backflow prevention circuit 234 and a current limiting circuit 236. The anode of the tank circuit 235 is simultaneously connected to the isolation modulation circuit 231 and the isolation demodulation circuit 232. The forward output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 also leads to the outside of the upper communication power supply circuit 230 and is directly connected to the isolation modulation circuit 231. The negative output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 and the negative terminal ground 12 of the tank circuit 235.
整流电桥电路233的正向输出端经由防回流电路234和限流电路236连接到储能电路235的正极，向该储能电路235充电。其中，储能电路235用于储存起爆器10发送来的能量，以便向隔离解调电路232供电。限流电路236用于防止编码器20连接到起爆器10的瞬间过大的充电电流对起爆器10造成的冲击。防回流电路234用于隔离储能电路235与隔离调制电路231，以防止隔离调制电路231进行调制时限流电路236消耗储能电路235中的能量。为实现以上技术目的，防回流电路234可取为一二极管237，限流电路236可取为一电阻238，储能电路235可取为一储能电容239，参见图16-2所示。The forward output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 is connected to the anode of the tank circuit 235 via the backflow prevention circuit 234 and the current limiting circuit 236, and charges the tank circuit 235. The energy storage circuit 235 is configured to store the energy transmitted by the initiator 10 to supply power to the isolation demodulation circuit 232. The current limiting circuit 236 serves to prevent an impact of the excessively large charging current of the encoder 20 connected to the initiator 10 on the initiator 10. The backflow prevention circuit 234 is used to isolate the energy storage circuit 235 from the isolation modulation circuit 231 to prevent the current limiting circuit 236 from consuming energy in the energy storage circuit 235 when the isolation modulation circuit 231 performs modulation. To achieve the above technical purpose, the backflow prevention circuit 234 can be taken as a diode 237, the current limiting circuit 236 can be taken as a resistor 238, and the energy storage circuit 235 can be taken as a storage capacitor 239, as shown in FIG. 16-2.
进一步地，上述隔离调制电路231可包含电阻2311、PMOS管2313、和光耦隔离开关2314，如图17所示。其中，PMOS管2313的源极和衬底共同通向隔离调制电路231外部，连接到对上通信电源电路230中整流电桥电路233的正向输出端。PMOS管2313的漏极接地12，栅极同时连接电阻2311的一端和光耦隔离开关2314的端口2317。电阻2311的另一端和光耦隔离开关2314的端口2318共同连接到对上通信电源电路230中储能电路235的正极。光耦隔离开关2314的端口2319通向隔离调制电路231外部，连接到控制模块26。光耦隔离开关2314还有一端口接地12，其余一端口接地11。Further, the above-described isolation modulation circuit 231 may include a resistor 2311, a PMOS transistor 2313, and an optocoupler isolation switch 2314, as shown in FIG. The source of the PMOS transistor 2313 and the substrate are commonly connected to the outside of the isolation modulation circuit 231, and are connected to the forward output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 233 in the upper communication power supply circuit 230. The drain of the PMOS transistor 2313 is grounded 12, and the gate is connected to one end of the resistor 2311 and the port 2317 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314. The other end of the resistor 2311 and the port 2318 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 are commonly connected to the anode of the tank circuit 235 in the upper communication power supply circuit 230. The port 2319 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 leads to the outside of the isolation modulation circuit 231 and is connected to the control module 26. The optocoupler isolating switch 2314 also has a port ground 12 and the remaining port is grounded 11.
隔离调制电路231工作时，控制模块26发送的数据加载到光耦隔离开关2314上，引起光耦隔离开关2314的导通与截止，从而引起PMOS管2313的导通与截止，这将引起起爆器通信线路80上负载的变化，进而引起起爆器通信线路80上电流的变化，由此即可产生编码器20向起爆器10返回的调制电流信号。When the isolation modulation circuit 231 is in operation, the data sent by the control module 26 is loaded onto the optocoupler isolation switch 2314, causing the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 to be turned on and off, thereby causing the PMOS transistor 2313 to be turned on and off, which will cause the detonator. The change in load on the communication line 80, in turn, causes a change in current on the detonator communication line 80, thereby producing a modulated current signal that the encoder 20 returns to the initiator 10.
除上述实施例外，隔离调制电路231还可在图17所示实施例的基础上进一步包含电阻2315和电阻2316，如图18所示。其中，电阻2315串联在光耦隔离开关2314的端口2318和控制模块26之间；电阻2316串联在PMOS管2313的漏极和地12之间。电阻2315是限流电阻，用来限制驱动光耦隔离开关2314的电流，以防止电流过大烧毁光耦隔离开关2314的驱动电路。电阻2316是负载电阻，用来起到限流的目的。In addition to the above-described embodiments, the isolation modulation circuit 231 may further include a resistor 2315 and a resistor 2316 on the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, as shown in FIG. The resistor 2315 is connected in series between the port 2318 of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 and the control module 26; the resistor 2316 is connected in series between the drain of the PMOS transistor 2313 and the ground 12. The resistor 2315 is a current limiting resistor for limiting the current driving the optocoupler isolation switch 2314 to prevent the current from excessively burning the drive circuit of the optocoupler isolation switch 2314. The resistor 2316 is a load resistor for the purpose of current limiting.
光耦隔离开关2314可采用图17或图18中所示的发光二极管、二极管和NPN管来实现，也可采用光继电器来实现，例如6N136型光耦隔离开关。The optocoupler isolating switch 2314 can be implemented by using the LED, the diode and the NPN tube shown in FIG. 17 or FIG. 18, and can also be implemented by using an optical relay, such as a 6N136 type optocoupler isolating switch.
上述隔离调制电路231也可简单的由一驱动器或MOS管替代，实现类似的功能。The above-described isolation modulation circuit 231 can also be simply replaced by a driver or a MOS transistor to achieve a similar function.
与图15所示实施方式相对应地，上述隔离解调电路232可取为一磁电隔离模块2320，如图19所示。一般可采用光电耦合器或变压器作为上述隔离解调电路来实现信号传递与电气隔离。常用的光电耦合器，其工作原理可描述为：发光元件将电信号转换成光信号，光敏元件感应到光信号后，将光信号转换成电信号输出。这就既实现了电气隔离，又实现了信号传输。采用这种光电耦合器的缺陷在于，驱动光耦中的发光元件工作需要提供较大的电流，这就会导致通信线路上电流消耗过大，进而导致系统的带载能力受到限制。采用利用变压器原理构成的磁电隔离模块就能改善这一缺陷。Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the above-mentioned isolation demodulation circuit 232 can be taken as a magnetoelectric isolation module 2320, as shown in FIG. Generally, a photocoupler or a transformer can be used as the above-mentioned isolation demodulation circuit to realize signal transmission and electrical isolation. A commonly used optocoupler, its working principle can be described as: the light-emitting element converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, and after the photosensitive element senses the optical signal, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal output. This achieves both electrical isolation and signal transmission. The drawback of using such a photocoupler is that the operation of the light-emitting elements in the driving optocoupler requires a large current supply, which leads to excessive current consumption on the communication line, which in turn leads to a limitation of the load capacity of the system. This defect can be improved by using a magnetoelectric isolation module constructed using the principle of a transformer.
图19中所示的磁电隔离模块2320可进一步包含单信号驱动电路2321、变压器隔离电路2322和还原电路2323，如图20所示。变压器隔离电路2322进一步由原边501和副边502构成，参见图22或图23所示。其中，单信号驱动电路2321一端连接到电子雷管起爆器10延伸出的一对起爆器通信线路80之一，一端连接到对上通信电源电路230中储能电路235的正极，一端接地12，其余一端连接到原边501的一端。原边501的另一端接地12。副边502的一端与还原电路2323共同接地11，副边502的其余端连接到还原电路2323。还原电路2323还有一端连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，其余一端连接到控制模块26。The magnetoelectric isolation module 2320 shown in FIG. 19 may further include a single signal driving circuit 2321, a transformer isolation circuit 2322, and a reduction circuit 2323, as shown in FIG. The transformer isolation circuit 2322 is further composed of a primary side 501 and a secondary side 502, as shown in FIG. 22 or FIG. One end of the single signal driving circuit 2321 is connected to one of the pair of initiator communication lines 80 extending from the electronic detonator initiator 10, and one end is connected to the positive pole of the energy storage circuit 235 of the upper communication power supply circuit 230, and one end is grounded 12, and the rest is One end is connected to one end of the primary side 501. The other end of the primary side 501 is grounded 12. One end of the secondary side 502 is commonly grounded 11 with the reduction circuit 2323, and the remaining end of the secondary side 502 is connected to the reduction circuit 2323. The reduction circuit 2323 has one end connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the other end connected to the control module 26.
采用磁电隔离模块2320构成隔离解调电路232，基于变压器的工作原理设计一变压器隔离电路2322，起到了信号传递与电气隔离的作用。这样实现的有益效果在于：The magnetoelectric isolation module 2320 is used to form an isolation demodulation circuit 232. Based on the working principle of the transformer, a transformer isolation circuit 2322 is designed to serve as a signal transmission and electrical isolation. The beneficial effects of this implementation are:
1．采用变压器隔离电路2322实现起爆器10向编码器20的信号传递及两者间的电气隔离，降低了编码器20的功耗，从而有利于提高起爆器10的带载能力。1. The transformer isolation circuit 2322 is used to realize the signal transmission from the initiator 10 to the encoder 20 and the electrical isolation between the two, which reduces the power consumption of the encoder 20, thereby facilitating the improvement of the load capacity of the initiator 10.
2．单信号驱动电路2321在对上通信电源电路230的供电下工作。单信号驱动电路2321与起爆器10的起爆器通信线路80直接连接，将起爆器10发送到编码器20的信号传递到变压器隔离电路2322的原边501，从而实现了信号的传递。2. The single signal drive circuit 2321 operates under the power supply to the upper communication power supply circuit 230. The single signal driving circuit 2321 is directly connected to the initiator communication line 80 of the initiator 10, and the signal transmitted from the initiator 10 to the encoder 20 is transmitted to the primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, thereby realizing signal transmission.
与图14所示实施方式相对应地，构成上述隔离解调电路232的磁电隔离模块2320可包含双信号驱动电路2324、变压器隔离电路2322和还原电路2323，如图21所示。变压器隔离电路2322进一步由原边501和副边502构成，参见图22或图23所示。其中，双信号驱动电路2324的两端分别连接到电子雷管起爆器10延伸出的起爆器通信线路80；双信号驱动电路2324还有一端连接到储能电路235的正极，一端接地12。原边501的两端分别连接到双信号驱动电路2324；副边502的一端与还原电路2323共同接地11；副边502的其余端连接到还原电路2323。还原电路2323还有一端连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，其余一端连接到控制模块26。Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 14, the magnetoelectric isolation module 2320 constituting the above-described isolation demodulation circuit 232 may include a dual signal drive circuit 2324, a transformer isolation circuit 2322, and a reduction circuit 2323, as shown in FIG. The transformer isolation circuit 2322 is further composed of a primary side 501 and a secondary side 502, as shown in FIG. 22 or FIG. The two ends of the dual signal driving circuit 2324 are respectively connected to the initiator communication line 80 extending from the electronic detonator 10; the double signal driving circuit 2324 has one end connected to the positive pole of the energy storage circuit 235 and one end grounded 12. Both ends of the primary side 501 are respectively connected to the dual signal driving circuit 2324; one end of the secondary side 502 is grounded 11 together with the reduction circuit 2323; the other end of the secondary side 502 is connected to the reduction circuit 2323. The reduction circuit 2323 has one end connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the other end connected to the control module 26.
在采用单信号驱动电路2321构成磁电隔离模块2320的图20所示的实施例中，单信号驱动电路2321仅连接到起爆器通信线路80中的一根，因此，只有当起爆器10向编码器20以差分形式发送信号时，起爆器10与编码器20才能以无极性方式连接、通信；而若起爆器10以其他信号形式向编码器20发送信号，则无法实现编码器20与起爆器10之间的无极性连接，因为单信号驱动电路2321必须连接到起爆器通信线路80中的信号线方能正常接收到信号变化。而采用图21所示的实施例，用双信号驱动电路2324取代单信号驱动电路2321，双信号驱动电路2324同时分别连接到起爆器10的一对起爆器通信线路80，并分别输出到变压器隔离电路2322原边501的两端。这样构成的隔离解调电路232对于起爆器10发送出的信号形式不做要求，即使起爆器10发出的不是差分信号，编码器20也能以无极性连接的方式正确接收并提取起爆器10发送来的信号，从而实现起爆器10向编码器20的信号传递。In the embodiment shown in Fig. 20 which constitutes the magnetoelectric isolation module 2320 using the single signal drive circuit 2321, the single signal drive circuit 2321 is only connected to one of the initiator communication lines 80, and therefore, only when the initiator 10 is coded When the transmitter 20 transmits a signal in a differential form, the initiator 10 and the encoder 20 can be connected and communicated in a non-polar manner; and if the initiator 10 transmits a signal to the encoder 20 in other signal forms, the encoder 20 and the initiator cannot be implemented. The non-polar connection between 10, because the single signal drive circuit 2321 must be connected to the signal line in the initiator communication line 80 to normally receive the signal change. With the embodiment shown in FIG. 21, the dual signal driving circuit 2324 is used instead of the single signal driving circuit 2321, and the dual signal driving circuit 2324 is simultaneously connected to the pair of initiator communication lines 80 of the initiator 10, respectively, and output to the transformer isolation. Both ends of the primary side 501 of the circuit 2322. The isolated demodulation circuit 232 thus constructed does not require a signal form transmitted from the initiator 10. Even if the initiator 10 is not a differential signal, the encoder 20 can correctly receive and extract the transmitter 10 in a non-polarity manner. The incoming signal, thereby enabling signal transmission from the initiator 10 to the encoder 20.
单信号/双信号驱动电路均可由驱动器构成。单信号驱动电路2321可由一个驱动器401构成，如图39所示，该驱动器401的信号输入端4011连接到电子雷管起爆器10，信号输出端4012连接到变压器隔离电路2322原边的一端，该驱动器401的电源输入端连接到对上通信电源电路230，其余端接地12。类似地，双信号驱动电路2324可由两个驱动器构成，即图40中所示的驱动器402和驱动器403，这两个驱动器的信号输入端4021和4031分别连接到电子雷管起爆器10，信号输出端4022和4032分别连接到变压器隔离电路2322原边的两端，电源输入端连接到对上通信电源电路230，其余端接地12。单信号/双信号驱动电路均由对上通信电源电路230供电，并且将起爆器10输出的信号传递到变压器隔离电路2322。驱动器401/402/403驱动变压器原边501的线圈，线圈消耗一定能量，此能量只与驱动器的驱动电流有关，与起爆器10的驱动能力无关。由于驱动器功耗很小，因此，可有效地降低编码器20对起爆器10电流的消耗，从而提高了起爆器10的带载能力。驱动器可选为正向驱动器或反向驱动器，可选型号包括HEF40106等。The single signal/dual signal driving circuit can be composed of a driver. The single signal driving circuit 2321 can be constituted by a driver 401. As shown in FIG. 39, the signal input terminal 4011 of the driver 401 is connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, and the signal output terminal 4012 is connected to one end of the primary side of the transformer isolation circuit 2322. The power input of 401 is connected to the upper communication power supply circuit 230, and the other end is grounded 12. Similarly, the dual signal driving circuit 2324 can be composed of two drivers, namely the driver 402 and the driver 403 shown in FIG. 40, and the signal inputs 4021 and 4031 of the two drivers are respectively connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, the signal output terminal. 4022 and 4032 are respectively connected to the two ends of the primary side of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, the power input terminal is connected to the upper communication power supply circuit 230, and the other end is grounded 12. The single signal/dual signal driving circuit is powered by the upper communication power supply circuit 230, and the signal output from the initiator 10 is transmitted to the transformer isolation circuit 2322. The driver 401/402/403 drives the coil of the primary side 501 of the transformer. The coil consumes a certain amount of energy which is only related to the drive current of the driver, regardless of the drive capability of the initiator 10. Since the power consumption of the driver is small, the current consumption of the initiator 10 by the encoder 20 can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the load capacity of the initiator 10. The drive can be selected as a forward drive or a reverse drive, and optional models include the HEF40106.
上述变压器隔离电路2322中的原边501，优选由串联在原边501的两端之间的主线圈503、电容505和电阻506构成，参见图22或图23。图22所示实施例中，主线圈503的一端直接通向变压器隔离电路2322外部，构成原边501的一端，连接到単信号驱动电路2321；主线圈503的另一端经由电容505和电阻506通向变压器隔离电路2322外部，构成原边501的另一端，接地12。图23所示实施例中，主线圈503的一端经由电容505通向变压器隔离电路2322外部，构成原边501的一端；主线圈503的另一端经由电阻506通向变压器隔离电路2322外部，构成原边501的另一端；原边501的这两端分别连接到双信号驱动电路2324。在上述两种实施例中，电容505起隔直流通交流的作用，从而，当编码器20与起爆器10处于不通信状态时，可避免主线圈503的电流消耗。电阻506起限流作用，有利于改善变压器隔离电路2322副边502输出的感应波形，使得感应波形上下趋于一致。The primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 described above preferably consists of a main winding 503, a capacitor 505 and a resistor 506 connected in series between the two ends of the primary side 501, see FIG. 22 or FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 22, one end of the main coil 503 directly leads to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, and one end of the primary side 501 is connected to the chirp signal driving circuit 2321; the other end of the main coil 503 is connected via the capacitor 505 and the resistor 506. To the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, the other end of the primary side 501 is formed, and the ground 12 is formed. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 23, one end of the main coil 503 leads to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 via the capacitor 505 to form one end of the primary side 501; the other end of the main coil 503 leads to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 via the resistor 506, forming the original The other end of the side 501; the two ends of the primary side 501 are respectively connected to the dual signal driving circuit 2324. In both of the above embodiments, the capacitor 505 functions as a DC-DC alternating current, so that when the encoder 20 and the initiator 10 are in a non-communication state, the current consumption of the main coil 503 can be avoided. The resistor 506 acts as a current limiting device, which is beneficial to improving the induced waveform outputted by the secondary side 502 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322, so that the induced waveforms tend to be consistent.
上述变压器隔离电路2322中的副边502，可由副线圈504和电阻507构成，如图22所示。副线圈504的一端与电阻507的一端相连，共同通向变压器隔离电路2322外部，连接到还原电路2323；副线圈504的另一端与电阻507的另一端共同接地11。若副边502仅由副线圈504构成，则当变压器隔离电路2322原边501的信号变化传递到该隔离电路的副边502时，由于还原电路2323的输入阻抗很大，在副边502产生的感应电动势将无法泄放。本实施例在副线圈504的两端并联一电阻507，且该电阻507接地11，从而得以泄放副边502的感应电动势，感应电动势的泄放过程对信号波形进行整形，从而最终能输出便于还原电路2323采样的脉冲信号。The secondary side 502 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 can be composed of a secondary coil 504 and a resistor 507, as shown in FIG. One end of the secondary winding 504 is connected to one end of the resistor 507, and is connected to the outside of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 to be connected to the reduction circuit 2323; the other end of the secondary winding 504 is grounded 11 to the other end of the resistor 507. If the secondary side 502 is composed only of the secondary winding 504, when the signal change of the primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 is transmitted to the secondary side 502 of the isolation circuit, the input impedance of the reduction circuit 2323 is large, and the secondary side 502 is generated. The induced electromotive force will not be released. In this embodiment, a resistor 507 is connected in parallel at both ends of the secondary coil 504, and the resistor 507 is grounded 11, so that the induced electromotive force of the secondary side 502 is discharged, and the signal waveform is shaped by the venting process of the induced electromotive force, thereby finally outputting the output. The pulse signal sampled by the reduction circuit 2323.
上述副边502也可由副线圈504、电阻508和电阻509构成，如图23所示。副线圈504的一端与电阻508共同连接到还原电路2323；副线圈504的另一端与电阻509经由另一通路连接到还原电路2323；副线圈504的中间抽头510、电阻508的另一端、电阻509的另一端共同接地11。采用本实施例构成变压器隔离电路2322的副边502，可产生幅度相同、相位相反的两个感应波形，且这两个感应波形中必有一个与起爆器10发送来的信号相位相同。因此，使用此方案构成副边502，可简化信号编解码设计，亦即可简化对编码器20中起爆器波形转换模块2630的设计。除此之外，这种方案可生成两路相对应的感应波形，从而信号接收更加准确，进一步满足起爆系统精确计时的需要。The secondary side 502 can also be formed by the secondary winding 504, the resistor 508, and the resistor 509, as shown in FIG. One end of the secondary coil 504 is connected to the reduction circuit 2323 in common with the resistor 508; the other end of the secondary coil 504 and the resistor 509 are connected to the reduction circuit 2323 via another path; the intermediate tap 510 of the secondary coil 504, the other end of the resistor 508, and the resistor 509 The other end is commonly grounded 11. By using the secondary side 502 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 in this embodiment, two sensing waveforms having the same amplitude and opposite phases can be generated, and one of the two sensing waveforms must have the same phase as the signal transmitted from the initiator 10. Therefore, using this scheme to form the secondary side 502 can simplify the signal encoding and decoding design, and can also simplify the design of the initiator waveform conversion module 2630 in the encoder 20. In addition, this solution can generate two corresponding sensing waveforms, so that the signal receiving is more accurate, which further meets the needs of precise timing of the detonating system.
图22与图23中变压器隔离电路2322的原边501的实施例可以与副边502的两种实施例任意组合实施，不影响本发明技术目的的实现。The embodiment of the primary side 501 of the transformer isolation circuit 2322 of Figures 22 and 23 can be implemented in any combination with the two embodiments of the secondary side 502 without affecting the implementation of the technical objects of the present invention.
其四，本发明电子雷管编码器20中的对下通信模块24，可包含高压切换开关243和对下通信信号处理模块240，如图24所示。高压切换开关243的控制端连接到控制模块26。高压切换开关243的第一对端子31和31’分别连接到电子雷管起爆器10，第二对端子32和32’分别一对一地连接到对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端60和60’，第三对端子33和33’分别通向本电子雷管编码器20外部，构成信号总线40。对下通信信号处理模块240还有一端连接到控制模块26，与控制模块26进行数据交互。对下通信信号处理模块240再有一端接地11，对下通信信号处理模块240的其余两端，分别一对一地连接到电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2和工作电压输出端1。当高压切换开关243切换到与对下通信信号处理模块240接通的支路时，即支路32-33和32’-33’导通时，电子雷管编码器20通过对下通信模块24与电子雷管30进行数据交互；当高压切换开关243切换到与电子雷管起爆器10接通的支路时，即支路31-33和31’-33’导通时，电子雷管起爆器10直接向电子雷管30中的起爆储能电容进行充电。Fourth, the lower communication module 24 in the electronic detonator encoder 20 of the present invention may include a high voltage switch 243 and a lower communication signal processing module 240, as shown in FIG. The control terminal of the high voltage switch 243 is connected to the control module 26. The first pair of terminals 31 and 31' of the high voltage switch 243 are connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, respectively, and the second pair of terminals 32 and 32' are connected one to one to the pair of output terminals 60 of the pair of communication signal processing modules 240, respectively. And 60', the third pair of terminals 33 and 33' respectively lead to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder 20 to form a signal bus 40. The lower communication signal processing module 240 is also connected to the control module 26 at one end for data interaction with the control module 26. The lower communication signal processing module 240 further has one end ground 11 and the remaining two ends of the lower communication signal processing module 240 are respectively connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 and the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22 one-to-one. When the high voltage switch 243 is switched to the branch connected to the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the branches 32-33 and 32'-33' are turned on, the electronic detonator encoder 20 passes through the pair of communication modules 24 and The electronic detonator 30 performs data interaction; when the high voltage switch 243 is switched to the branch connected to the electronic detonator initiator 10, that is, the branches 31-33 and 31'-33' are turned on, the electronic detonator 10 is directly directed The detonating storage capacitor in the electronic detonator 30 is charged.
在对下通信模块24中设计高压切换开关243，目的在于将起爆器10输出的较高的起爆电压切换到信号总线40上，由起爆器10向电子雷管30中的起爆储能电容直接充电。该高压切换开关243在进行网路连接、检测等起爆准备时闭合到与对下通信信号处理模块240接通的支路，而只有在完成所有的起爆准备后才会在控制模块26的控制命令下闭合到与电子雷管起爆器10接通的支路，这就能确保起爆准备过程中，应用编码器20与电子雷管网路的通信过程的绝对安全。The high voltage switch 243 is designed in the lower communication module 24 in order to switch the higher detonation voltage output from the detonator 10 to the signal bus 40, and the detonator 10 directly charges the detonation storage capacitor in the electronic detonator 30. The high voltage switch 243 is closed to the branch connected to the down communication signal processing module 240 when preparing for network connection, detection, etc., and the control command of the control module 26 is only completed after all the initiation preparations are completed. The lower closure to the branch connected to the electronic detonator detonator 10 ensures that the communication process of the encoder 20 and the electronic detonator network is absolutely safe during the initiation of the detonation.
对下通信信号处理模块240可采用多种技术方案实现。例如，对下通信信号处理模块240可包含对下通信信号调制模块241和对下通信信号解调模块242。其连接关系可体现为以下两种实现方式：The lower communication signal processing module 240 can be implemented by various technical solutions. For example, the down communication signal processing module 240 can include a down communication signal modulation module 241 and a down communication signal demodulation module 242. The connection relationship can be embodied in the following two ways:
1、参见图25和图26所示，对下通信信号调制模块241和对下通信信号解调模块242各有一端连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，各有一端连接到控制模块26，还各有一端接地11。对下通信信号调制模块241的一个调制信号输出端5直接通向对下通信信号处理模块240外部，构成对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端之一，即输出端60。对下通信信号调制模块241与对下通信信号解调模块242通过其余的端串联在电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2与对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端之二，即输出端60’之间，具体地说：对下通信信号调制模块241的通信电压输入端4直接连接到电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2，对下通信信号调制模块241的另一个调制信号输出端5’经由对下通信信号解调模块242通向对下通信信号处理模块240外部，构成对下通信信号处理模块240一对输出端之二，即输出端60’，如图25所示；或者，对下通信信号调制模块241的通信电压输入端4经由对下通信信号解调模块242连接到电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2，对下通信信号调制模块241的另一个调制信号输出端5’直接通向对下通信信号处理模块240外部，构成对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端之二，即输出端60’，如图26所示。1. Referring to FIG. 25 and FIG. 26, the lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of which is connected to the control module. 26, each has one end grounded 11. A modulation signal output terminal 5 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 directly leads to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240, and constitutes one of a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60. The lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 are connected in series through the remaining terminals in the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22 and the pair of output terminals of the downlink communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output. Between the terminals 60', specifically, the communication voltage input terminal 4 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is directly connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22, and the other modulation signal output of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is output. The terminal 5' is connected to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240 via the lower communication signal demodulation module 242, and constitutes a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60', as shown in FIG. 25; Alternatively, the communication voltage input terminal 4 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22 via the down communication signal demodulation module 242, and the other modulation signal output of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is output. The terminal 5' directly leads to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240, and constitutes a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60', such as 26 FIG.
2、参见图27所示，对下通信信号调制模块241和对下通信信号解调模块242各有一端连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，各有一端连接到控制模块26，还各有一端接地11。对下通信信号调制模块241的通信电压输入端4连接到电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2。对下通信信号调制模块241的两个调制信号输出端5和5’通向对下通信信号处理模块240外部，构成对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端60和60’。对下通信信号调制模块241的其余端连接到对下通信信号解调模块242。2. Referring to FIG. 27, the lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of which is connected to the control module 26, and Each end has a ground 11 . The communication voltage input terminal 4 of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22. The two modulated signal output terminals 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 lead to the outside of the lower communication signal processing module 240, forming a pair of output terminals 60 and 60' of the lower communication signal processing module 240. The remaining ends of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 are connected to the lower communication signal demodulation module 242.
上述图25、26和图27所示实现方式就实现了电子雷管编码器20向电子雷管30发送数据时对数据的调制，以及接收电子雷管30发来的数据时对数据的解调，从而实现了编码器20与电子雷管30之间的直流载波通信。The implementations shown in Figures 25, 26 and 27 above achieve modulation of data when the electronic detonator encoder 20 transmits data to the electronic detonator 30, and demodulate data when receiving data from the electronic detonator 30. DC carrier communication between the encoder 20 and the electronic detonator 30.
再例如，对下通信信号处理模块240在图25~27所示实施方式的基础上可还包含一个收发切换开关244，如图28所示。具体连接关系描述如下：For example, the lower communication signal processing module 240 may further include a transceiver switching switch 244 on the basis of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 25-27, as shown in FIG. The specific connection relationship is described as follows:
对下通信信号调制模块241和对下通信信号解调模块242各有一端连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，各有一端连接到电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2；该两模块还各有一端连接到控制模块26，各有一端接地11。对下通信信号解调模块242的一个取样端18连接到收发切换开关244的第一端41。对下通信信号调制模块241的两个调制信号输出端5和5’，一个连接到收发切换开关244的第二端42，另一个直接通向对下通信信号处理模块240外部，构成对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端之一，即输出端60’。收发切换开关244的第三端43通向对下通信信号处理模块240外部，构成对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端之二，即输出端60。收发切换开关244的控制端连接到控制模块26。The lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of which is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22; The modules also each have one end connected to the control module 26, one end of which has a ground 11 . A sampling end 18 of the down communication signal demodulation module 242 is coupled to the first end 41 of the transceiving switch 244. The two modulated signal output terminals 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 are connected to the second end 42 of the transceiving switch 244, and the other directly leads to the outside of the down communication signal processing module 240 to form a communication. One of the pair of outputs of signal processing module 240, output 60'. The third end 43 of the transceiver switching switch 244 leads to the outside of the pair of communication signal processing modules 240, and constitutes a pair of output terminals of the lower communication signal processing module 240, that is, the output terminal 60. The control terminal of the transceiving switch 244 is connected to the control module 26.
再例如，对下通信信号处理模块240也在图25~27所示实施方式的基础上进一步设计，可包含对下通信信号调制模块241、对下通信信号解调模块242和收发切换开关245，如图29所示。其中，对下通信信号调制模块241和对下通信信号解调模块242各有一端连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，各有一端连接到电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2；该两模块还各有一端连接到控制模块26，各有一端接地11。对下通信信号解调模块242的一个取样端18和接地11的一端分别连接到收发切换开关245的第一对端子51和51’。对下通信信号调制模块241的两个调制信号输出端5和5’分别连接到收发切换开关245的第二对端子52和52’。收发切换开关245的第三对端子53和53’分别通向对下通信信号处理模块240外部，构成对下通信信号处理模块240的一对输出端60和60’。收发切换开关245的控制端连接到控制模块26。For example, the downlink communication signal processing module 240 is further designed based on the embodiments shown in FIG. 25 to FIG. 27, and may include a downlink communication signal modulation module 241, a downlink communication signal demodulation module 242, and a transceiver switching switch 245. As shown in Figure 29. The lower communication signal modulation module 241 and the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 each have one end connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, one end of each is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22; The two modules also have one end connected to the control module 26, one end of which is grounded 11. A sampling end 18 of the lower communication signal demodulating module 242 and one end of the ground 11 are respectively connected to the first pair of terminals 51 and 51' of the transceiving switching switch 245. The two modulated signal output terminals 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241 are respectively connected to the second pair of terminals 52 and 52' of the transceiving switch 245. The third pair of terminals 53 and 53' of the transceiving switch 245 are respectively turned to the outside of the down communication signal processing module 240 to constitute a pair of output terminals 60 and 60' of the down communication signal processing module 240. The control terminal of the transceiving switch 245 is connected to the control module 26.
上述对下通信信号处理模块240的诸个实现方案中，对下通信信号调制模块241用于把控制模块26输出的数据以电压变化的形式加载在输出到电子雷管30的信号总线40上，实现对电子雷管30的数据发送；对下通信信号解调模块242用于提取电子雷管30以电流变化形式加载到信号总线40上的电流变化信息，并发送到控制模块26，实现对电子雷管30的数据接收。这就实现了电子雷管编码器20与电子雷管30的双向通信。In the implementations of the lower communication signal processing module 240, the lower communication signal modulation module 241 is configured to load the data output by the control module 26 into the signal bus 40 outputted to the electronic detonator 30 in the form of a voltage change. The data transmission to the electronic detonator 30 is used to extract the current change information of the electronic detonator 30 loaded onto the signal bus 40 in the form of a current change, and sent to the control module 26 to implement the electronic detonator 30. Data reception. This achieves two-way communication between the electronic detonator encoder 20 and the electronic detonator 30.
特别地，在对下通信信号处理模块240中设计一收发切换开关，例如图28和图29所示实施例，就可实现对信号调制发送过程和信号解调接收过程的切换，使得这两部分过程可以分别独立进行。收发切换开关244与收发切换开关245的使用形式不同，采用图29所示实施例可将信号调制发送过程和信号解调接收过程完全分开，更有利于系统通信。In particular, a transceiving switch is designed in the lower communication signal processing module 240, such as the embodiment shown in FIG. 28 and FIG. 29, to switch between the signal modulation transmission process and the signal demodulation reception process. The process can be carried out independently. The transceiver switching switch 244 is different from the transceiver switching switch 245. The embodiment shown in FIG. 29 can completely separate the signal modulation transmission process and the signal demodulation and reception process, which is more advantageous for system communication.
上述图25~29所示实施例中的对下通信信号调制模块241，可采用专利申请文件200810172410.9和200920000509.0中公开的技术方案来实现。以图27所示实施方式为例，对下通信信号调制模块241可包含两个驱动模块2411和2412、两个电子开关2413和2414、和反相器2415，如图34所示。两个驱动模块2411和2412、与反相器2415共同连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，两个驱动模块2411和2412还与反相器2415共同接地11。反相器2415的信号输入端与驱动模块2411的信号输入端共同连接到控制模块26，反相器2415的信号输出端连接到驱动模块2412的信号输入端。驱动模块2411的信号输出端连接到电子开关2413的控制端，驱动模块2412的信号输出端连接到电子开关2414的控制端。电子开关2413的一个输入端、电子开关2414的一个输入端、驱动模块2411的其余一端、以及驱动模块2412的其余一端连接在一起，并共同通向对下通信信号调制模块241外部，构成对下通信信号调制模块241的通信电压输入端4，连接到电源管理模块22的通信电压输出端2。电子开关2413的另一个输入端与电子开关2414的另一个输入端连接，并共同连接到对下通信信号调制模块241外部的对下通信信号解调模块242。两个电子开关2413和2414的输出端分别通向对下通信信号调制模块241外部，构成对下通信信号调制模块241的两个调制信号输出端5和5’。The above-mentioned lower communication signal modulation module 241 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 to 29 can be implemented by the technical solutions disclosed in the patent application documents 200810172410.9 and 200920000509.0. Taking the embodiment shown in FIG. 27 as an example, the lower communication signal modulation module 241 can include two drive modules 2411 and 2412, two electronic switches 2413 and 2414, and an inverter 2415, as shown in FIG. The two driving modules 2411 and 2412 are connected in common to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, and the two driving modules 2411 and 2412 are also commonly grounded 11 with the inverter 2415. The signal input of the inverter 2415 is connected to the control module 26 in common with the signal input of the drive module 2411, and the signal output of the inverter 2415 is connected to the signal input of the drive module 2412. The signal output of the drive module 2411 is coupled to the control terminal of the electronic switch 2413, and the signal output of the drive module 2412 is coupled to the control terminal of the electronic switch 2414. An input end of the electronic switch 2413, an input end of the electronic switch 2414, the remaining end of the driving module 2411, and the remaining end of the driving module 2412 are connected together, and jointly lead to the outside of the communication signal modulation module 241, forming a pair The communication voltage input terminal 4 of the communication signal modulation module 241 is connected to the communication voltage output terminal 2 of the power management module 22. The other input of the electronic switch 2413 is coupled to the other input of the electronic switch 2414 and is commonly coupled to the down communication signal demodulation module 242 external to the lower communication signal modulation module 241. The outputs of the two electronic switches 2413 and 2414 lead to the outside of the lower communication signal modulation module 241, respectively, to form two modulated signal outputs 5 and 5' of the lower communication signal modulation module 241.
上述图25~29所示实施例中的对下通信信号调制模块241，也可采用芯片ADG453或ADG451等来实现。The above-mentioned lower communication signal modulation module 241 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 25 to 29 can also be implemented by using the chip ADG453 or ADG451 or the like.
上述图25~29所示实施例中的对下通信信号解调模块242，可包含信号取样电路2420和信号调理电路2421，如图30所示。其中，信号调理电路2421一端与电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1相连，一端与控制模块26相连，其余端与信号取样电路2420相连。信号取样电路2420的其余两端构成对下通信信号解调模块242的取样端17和18，通向对下通信信号解调模块242外部。信号取样电路2420用于提取电子雷管网路加载在信号总线40上的电流变化信息，从而得到电子雷管30方向传来的信号；信号调理电路2421用于对信号取样电路2420输出的模拟信号进行处理，将其转换为控制模块26可识别的数字信号。The lower communication signal demodulation module 242 in the above embodiment shown in FIGS. 25-29 may include a signal sampling circuit 2420 and a signal conditioning circuit 2421, as shown in FIG. One end of the signal conditioning circuit 2421 is connected to the working voltage output end 1 of the power management module 22, one end is connected to the control module 26, and the other end is connected to the signal sampling circuit 2420. The remaining two ends of the signal sampling circuit 2420 form the sampling terminals 17 and 18 of the down communication signal demodulation module 242, leading to the outside of the down communication signal demodulation module 242. The signal sampling circuit 2420 is configured to extract current change information loaded on the signal bus 40 by the electronic detonator network, thereby obtaining a signal transmitted from the direction of the electronic detonator 30; the signal conditioning circuit 2421 is configured to process the analog signal output by the signal sampling circuit 2420. It is converted to a digital signal recognizable by the control module 26.
上述信号取样电路2420可取为一电阻，此时，电阻的两端分别构成取样端17和18，信号调理电路2421从电阻的两端获得取样到的模拟信号。采用电阻进行取样需在信号调理电路2421中使用差分放大电路提取取样电阻两端的信号，再经过比较器将信号还原成数字信号。采用电阻构成取样电路的实施方式简单易行。并且，电阻为一无源器件，不会在取样时产生附加噪声。图25、图26和图27所示实施例中，取样电阻将一直连接在通信回路中，该电阻会带来一定的压降，而图28和图29所示的实施例将信号调制发送过程和信号解调接收过程独立开，取样电阻只会在信号解调接收过程才会串联到通信回路，因此，本实施例更适用于图28和图29所示的对下通信信号处理模块240。The signal sampling circuit 2420 can be taken as a resistor. At this time, the two ends of the resistor respectively constitute the sampling ends 17 and 18, and the signal conditioning circuit 2421 obtains the sampled analog signal from both ends of the resistor. Sampling with a resistor requires a differential amplifying circuit to extract the signal across the sampling resistor in signal conditioning circuit 2421, and then restore the signal to a digital signal via a comparator. The implementation of a sampling circuit using resistors is simple and straightforward. Also, the resistor is a passive device that does not generate additional noise during sampling. In the embodiment shown in Figures 25, 26 and 27, the sampling resistor will always be connected in the communication loop, which will introduce a certain voltage drop, while the embodiment shown in Figures 28 and 29 will modulate the transmission process. The signal demodulation reception process is independent, and the sampling resistor is only connected in series to the communication loop during the signal demodulation reception process. Therefore, the present embodiment is more applicable to the lower communication signal processing module 240 shown in FIGS. 28 and 29.
上述信号取样电路2420也可取为一电磁耦合器，如图31所示。该电磁耦合器的初级线圈155的两端分别通向对下通信信号解调模块242外部，构成对下通信信号解调模块242的取样端17和18。该电磁耦合器的次级线圈156连接到信号调理电路2421。电磁耦合器的中间抽头接地11。电磁耦合器本质上为在通信回路中接入的电感，其提取的也是信号总线40上电流的变化。电感为一储能器件，虽然在信号取样时会产生一定附加噪声，但当总线电流稳定时，其阻抗为零，不会形成压降，因此不会产生基线的漂移，因此更适用于图25、图26以及图27所示的实施例。The signal sampling circuit 2420 can also be taken as an electromagnetic coupler, as shown in FIG. The two ends of the primary coil 155 of the electromagnetic coupler are respectively turned to the outside of the lower communication signal demodulation module 242 to form the sampling ends 17 and 18 of the lower communication signal demodulation module 242. The secondary coil 156 of the electromagnetic coupler is coupled to a signal conditioning circuit 2421. The center tap of the electromagnetic coupler is grounded 11. The electromagnetic coupler is essentially an inductor that is connected in the communication loop, and it extracts the change in current on the signal bus 40. The inductor is an energy storage device. Although it generates some additional noise when the signal is sampled, when the bus current is stable, its impedance is zero, no voltage drop is formed, so there is no baseline drift, so it is more suitable for Figure 25. The embodiment shown in Figs. 26 and 27 is shown.
上述信号调理电路2421可包含滤波电路2422、放大电路2423和比较电路2424，如图32所示。滤波电路2422的一端连接放大电路2423，其余端连接到信号取样电路2420。放大电路2423和比较电路2424分别连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1，放大电路2423的其余端与比较电路2424相连，比较电路2424的其余端连接到控制模块26。滤波电路2422连接到信号取样电路2420，用于接收信号取样电路2420发送来的、从信号总线40上电子雷管30方向提取的模拟信号，并且将滤除了噪声的、代表有用信息的模拟信号提供给放大电路2423。比较电路2424将放大电路2423输出的模拟信号转换为数字信号提供给控制模块26。上述比较电路2424可优选为滞回比较器，从而提高信号转换时的抗干扰性能。The signal conditioning circuit 2421 can include a filter circuit 2422, an amplification circuit 2423, and a comparison circuit 2424, as shown in FIG. One end of the filter circuit 2422 is connected to the amplifying circuit 2423, and the other end is connected to the signal sampling circuit 2420. The amplifying circuit 2423 and the comparing circuit 2424 are respectively connected to the working voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, the remaining end of the amplifying circuit 2423 is connected to the comparing circuit 2424, and the remaining end of the comparing circuit 2424 is connected to the control module 26. The filter circuit 2422 is coupled to the signal sampling circuit 2420 for receiving an analog signal sent from the signal sampling circuit 2420 and extracted from the direction of the electronic detonator 30 on the signal bus 40, and providing an analog signal representing the useful information that is filtered out of noise. Amplifying circuit 2423. The comparison circuit 2424 converts the analog signal output from the amplification circuit 2423 into a digital signal for supply to the control module 26. The comparison circuit 2424 described above may preferably be a hysteresis comparator to improve the anti-interference performance during signal conversion.
当信号取样电路2420取为电磁耦合器时，上述信号调理电路2421优选包含两个滤波电路2422和2422’、两个放大电路2423和2423’、以及两个比较电路2424和2424’，如图33所示。放大电路2423和2423’和比较电路2424和2424’分别连接到电源管理模块22的工作电压输出端1。滤波电路2422和2422’分别连接到信号取样电路2420中次级线圈156的两端，滤波电路2422和2422’还各有一端分别连接到放大电路2423和2423’。放大电路2423和2423’还各有一端分别连接到比较电路2424和2424’，比较电路2424和2424’的其余端分别连接到控制模块26。When the signal sampling circuit 2420 is taken as an electromagnetic coupler, the signal conditioning circuit 2421 preferably includes two filter circuits 2422 and 2422', two amplification circuits 2423 and 2423', and two comparison circuits 2424 and 2424', as shown in FIG. Shown. Amplifying circuits 2423 and 2423' and comparing circuits 2424 and 2424' are connected to the operating voltage output terminal 1 of the power management module 22, respectively. Filter circuits 2422 and 2422' are respectively coupled to both ends of secondary winding 156 in signal sampling circuit 2420, and filter circuits 2422 and 2422' are also each connected to amplification circuits 2423 and 2423', respectively. The amplifying circuits 2423 and 2423' also each have one end connected to the comparing circuits 2424 and 2424', respectively, and the remaining ends of the comparing circuits 2424 and 2424' are connected to the control module 26, respectively.

Claims (24)

1 ．一种电子雷管编码器，所述电子雷管编码器的两端连接电子雷管起爆器，另外两端引出信号总线， 至少一个 电子雷管并联连接在所述信号总线之间，其特征在于，1 . An electronic detonator encoder, the two ends of the electronic detonator encoder are connected to an electronic detonator detonator, and the other ends lead to a signal bus, at least one An electronic detonator is connected in parallel between the signal buses, and is characterized in that
所述电子雷管编码器包括：电源、电源管理模块、对上通信模块、对下通信模块、和控制模块，其中，The electronic detonator encoder includes: a power supply, a power management module, an upper communication module, a lower communication module, and a control module, wherein
所述电源管理模块，用于将所述电源输出的电压转化为提供给所述对上通信模块、所述对下通信模块、和所述控制模块的工作电压，和提供给所述对下通信模块的通信电压；The power management module is configured to convert a voltage output by the power source into an operating voltage provided to the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module, and provide the communication to the pair The communication voltage of the module;
所述对上通信模块，用于与所述电子雷管起爆器进行通信；The upper communication module is configured to communicate with the electronic detonator initiator;
所述对下通信模块，用于在通信阶段将所述通信电压通过所述信号总线提供给所述至少一个电子雷管，并与所述至少一个电子雷管在所述通信电压下进行通信；以及，在起爆阶段将所述电子雷管起爆器输出的起爆电压通过所述信号总线提供给所述至少一个电子雷管进行充电；The sub-communication module is configured to provide the communication voltage to the at least one electronic detonator through the signal bus during a communication phase, and communicate with the at least one electronic detonator at the communication voltage; and Detonating a voltage outputted by the electronic detonator initiator in the detonation phase by the signal bus to the at least one electronic detonator for charging;
所述控制模块，用于控制所述电源管理模块、所述对上通信模块、和所述对下通信模块的工作。The control module is configured to control operations of the power management module, the upper communication module, and the lower communication module.
2 ．按照权利要求 1 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：2 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 1 wherein:
所述电源、所述电源管理模块、所述对上通信模块、所述对下通信模块、和所述控制模块共同接第一电源参考地；The power source, the power management module, the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module are connected to a first power reference ground;
所述电源连接所述电源管理模块；所述控制模块与所述电源管理模块、所述对上通信模块、和所述对下通信模块连接；The power source is connected to the power management module; the control module is connected to the power management module, the upper communication module, and the pair of communication modules;
所述电源管理模块的工作电压输出端连接到所述对上通信模块、所述对下通信模块、和所述控制模块；所述电源管理模块的通信电压输出端连接到所述对下通信模块；The working voltage output end of the power management module is connected to the upper communication module, the lower communication module, and the control module; the communication voltage output end of the power management module is connected to the opposite communication module ;
所述对上通信模块的其余两端分别连接到所述对下通信模块，并通向本电子雷管编码器外部，连接到所述电子雷管起爆器；The remaining two ends of the upper communication module are respectively connected to the opposite communication module, and are connected to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder, and connected to the electronic detonator initiator;
所述对下通信模块的其余两端通向本电子雷管编码器外部，构成所述信号总线。The remaining two ends of the pair of lower communication modules lead to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder to constitute the signal bus.
3 ．按照权利要求 2 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：3 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 2, wherein:
所述电源管理模块还包含一对通信电压采样端，所述一对通信电压采样端一对一地连接到所述信号总线。The power management module further includes a pair of communication voltage sampling terminals, and the pair of communication voltage sampling terminals are connected to the signal bus one-to-one.
4 ．按照权利要求 3 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：4 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 3, wherein:
所述电源管理模块包含电压转换模块和模 / 数转换器，The power management module includes a voltage conversion module and an analog to digital converter.
所述电压转换模块和所述模 / 数转换器共同接所述第一电源参考地；The voltage conversion module and the analog/digital converter are connected to the first power reference ground;
所述电压转换模块还有一端连接所述电源，一端通向所述电源管理模块外部以构成所述电源管理模块的所述通信电压输出端；The voltage conversion module further has one end connected to the power source, and one end is connected to the outside of the power management module to form the communication voltage output end of the power management module;
所述电压转换模块的其余端连接到所述模 / 数转换器，用于向所述模 / 数转换器供电；所述电压转换模块的所述其余端还通向所述电源管理模块外部，以构成所述电源管理模块的所述工作电压输出端；The remaining end of the voltage conversion module is coupled to the analog to digital converter for The number converter is powered; the remaining end of the voltage conversion module is also external to the power management module to form the working voltage output end of the power management module;
所述模 / 数转换器还有一端连接到所述控制模块，用于与所述控制模块进行数据交互；所述模 / 数转换器的其余两端通向所述电源管理模块外部，构成所述电源管理模块的所述通信电压采样端。The analog to digital converter is further connected to the control module for data interaction with the control module; The remaining two ends of the digital converter are external to the power management module to constitute the communication voltage sampling end of the power management module.
5 ．按照权利要求 1~4 中任一权利要求所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：5 . The electronic detonator encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
所述控制模块包含中央处理器和收发波形转换模块，The control module includes a central processing unit and a transceiving waveform conversion module.
所述收发波形转换模块由起爆器波形转换模块和电子雷管波形转换模块两部分组成，The transceiving waveform conversion module is composed of a detonator waveform conversion module and an electronic detonator waveform conversion module.
所述中央处理器、所述起爆器波形转换模块、和所述电子雷管波形转换模块均连接到所述工作电压输出端，用于接受所述电源管理模块提供的所述工作电压；所述起爆器波形转换模块和所述电子雷管波形转换模块分别连接到所述中央处理器，用于与所述中央处理器进行双向数据交互；所述中央处理器、所述起爆器波形转换模块、和所述电子雷管波形转换模块还共同接所述第一电源参考地；The central processor, the detonator waveform conversion module, and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module are both connected to the working voltage output terminal for accepting the working voltage provided by the power management module; The waveform conversion module and the electronic detonator waveform conversion module are respectively connected to the central processor for bidirectional data interaction with the central processor; the central processor, the detonator waveform conversion module, and the The electronic detonator waveform conversion module is also connected to the first power reference ground;
所述起爆器波形转换模块的其余端通向所述收发波形转换模块外部，构成所述控制模块的对上通信端，所述对上通信端连接到所述对上通信模块；所述电子雷管波形转换模块的其余端通向所述收发波形转换模块外部，构成所述控制模块的对下通信端，所述对下通信端连接到所述对下通信模块。The remaining end of the detonator waveform conversion module is connected to the outside of the transceiving waveform conversion module to form an upper communication end of the control module, and the upper communication end is connected to the upper communication module; the electronic detonator The remaining ends of the waveform conversion module are connected to the outside of the transceiving waveform conversion module to form a pair of communication terminals of the control module, and the pair of communication terminals are connected to the pair of communication modules.
6 ．按照权利要求 5 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：6 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 5, wherein:
所述电子雷管波形转换模块包含数据接口电路、数据编码电路、数据解码电路和采样电路，The electronic detonator waveform conversion module comprises a data interface circuit, a data encoding circuit, a data decoding circuit and a sampling circuit,
所述数据接口电路用于与所述中央处理器进行双向数据交互；The data interface circuit is configured to perform two-way data interaction with the central processor;
所述中央处理器用于经由所述数据接口电路向所述数据编码电路发送待发送数据，所述数据编码电路用于将所述待发送数据进行编码后输出至所述对下通信模块；The central processor is configured to send data to be sent to the data encoding circuit via the data interface circuit, where the data encoding circuit is configured to encode the data to be sent and output the data to the pair of communication modules;
所述数据解码电路用于接收所述对下通信模块发送来的待接收数据；并将所述待接收数据进行解码后输出至所述采样电路；所述采样电路用于完成采样，并经由所述数据接口电路将采样后数据发送至所述中央处理器。The data decoding circuit is configured to receive data to be received sent by the lower communication module, and decode the data to be received and output the data to the sampling circuit; the sampling circuit is configured to complete sampling, and The data interface circuit sends the sampled data to the central processor.
7 ．按照权利要求 6 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：7 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 6 wherein:
所述数据解码电路包含信号合成电路和两个边沿触发器，The data decoding circuit includes a signal synthesis circuit and two edge triggers.
两个所述边沿触发器的输入端分别通向所述数据解码电路外部，连接到所述对下通信模块；两个所述边沿触发器的输出端分别连接到所述信号合成电路；所述信号合成电路的其余端通向所述数据解码电路外部，连接到所述采样电路。The input ends of the two edge triggers are respectively connected to the outside of the data decoding circuit, and are connected to the pair of lower communication modules; the outputs of the two edge triggers are respectively connected to the signal synthesis circuit; The remaining ends of the signal synthesizing circuit are external to the data decoding circuit and are coupled to the sampling circuit.
8 ．按照权利要求 1 、 2 、 3 、 4 、 6 或 7 中任一权利要求所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：8 . According to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 7 An electronic detonator encoder according to any of the preceding claims, wherein:
所述对上通信模块中包含对上通信电源电路、隔离调制电路、和隔离解调电路，The upper communication module includes an upper communication power supply circuit, an isolation modulation circuit, and an isolation demodulation circuit.
所述对上通信电源电路的一对输入端通向所述对上通信模块外部，分别连接到所述电子雷管起爆器；所述对上通信电源电路还有一端接第二电源参考地；所述对上通信电源电路的再一端同时连接到所述隔离解调电路和所述隔离调制电路，用于向该两个电路供电；所述对上通信电源电路的其余端与所述隔离调制电路连接；a pair of input ends of the upper communication power supply circuit are connected to the outside of the upper communication module, respectively connected to the electronic detonator initiator; the upper communication power supply circuit has one end connected to the second power reference ground; The other end of the upper communication power supply circuit is simultaneously connected to the isolation demodulation circuit and the isolation modulation circuit for supplying power to the two circuits; the remaining end of the upper communication power supply circuit and the isolation modulation circuit connection;
所述隔离调制电路和所述隔离解调电路各有一端共同接所述第二电源参考地，还各有一端共同接所述第一电源参考地；The isolation modulation circuit and the isolation demodulation circuit each have one end connected to the second power reference ground, and one end is connected to the first power reference ground;
所述隔离调制电路其余的端连接到所述控制模块，用于接收所述控制模块发送来的数据；所述隔离解调电路也连接到所述控制模块，用于向所述控制模块发送数据；The remaining end of the isolation modulation circuit is connected to the control module for receiving data sent by the control module; the isolation demodulation circuit is also connected to the control module, and is configured to send data to the control module. ;
所述隔离解调电路还有一端连接到所述工作电压输出端；所述隔离解调电路其余的端连接到所述电子雷管起爆器，用于接收所述电子雷管起爆器发送来的数据。The isolation demodulation circuit further has one end connected to the working voltage output terminal; the remaining end of the isolation demodulation circuit is connected to the electronic detonator initiator for receiving data sent by the electronic detonator initiator.
9 ．按照权利要求 8 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：9 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 8 wherein:
所述对上通信电源电路包含整流电桥电路、防回流电路、限流电路和储能电路，The upper communication power supply circuit comprises a rectifying bridge circuit, a backflow prevention circuit, a current limiting circuit and a storage circuit,
所述整流电桥电路的一对输入端构成所述对上通信电源电路的一对输入端；所述整流电桥电路的正向输出端经由所述防回流电路和所述限流电路连接到所述储能电路的正极；所述储能电路的正极同时连接到所述隔离调制电路和所述隔离解调电路；所述整流电桥电路的正向输出端还通向所述对上通信电源电路外部，直接连接到所述隔离调制电路；所述整流电桥电路的负向输出端及所述储能电路的负极接所述第二电源参考地。a pair of input ends of the rectifier bridge circuit form a pair of input ends of the upper communication power supply circuit; a forward output end of the rectifier bridge circuit is connected to the current limiting circuit via the backflow prevention circuit a positive pole of the energy storage circuit; a positive pole of the energy storage circuit is simultaneously connected to the isolation modulation circuit and the isolation demodulation circuit; and a forward output end of the rectifier bridge circuit is further connected to the upper communication The power circuit is externally connected to the isolation modulation circuit; the negative output terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit and the negative terminal of the energy storage circuit are connected to the second power reference ground.
10 ．按照权利要求 9 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：10 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 9, wherein:
所述防回流电路为二极管，所述限流电路为电阻，所述储能电路为储能电容；The anti-backflow circuit is a diode, the current limiting circuit is a resistor, and the energy storage circuit is a storage capacitor;
所述二极管的阳极朝向所述限流电路。The anode of the diode faces the current limiting circuit.
11 ．按照权利要求 9 或 10 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：11 . An electronic detonator encoder according to claim 9 or 10, wherein:
所述隔离调制电路包含第一电阻、 PMOS 管、和光耦隔离开关，The isolation modulation circuit includes a first resistor, a PMOS transistor, and an optocoupler isolation switch.
所述 PMOS 管的源极和衬底共同通向所述隔离调制电路外部，连接到所述对上通信电源电路中所述整流电桥电路的正向输出端；所述 PMOS 管的漏极接所述第二电源参考地；所述 PMOS 管的栅极连接所述第一电阻的一端和所述光耦隔离开关的第一端口；The source and the substrate of the PMOS transistor are commonly connected to the outside of the isolation modulation circuit, and are connected to a forward output end of the rectifier bridge circuit in the upper communication power supply circuit; a drain of the PMOS transistor is connected to the second power reference ground; a gate of the PMOS transistor is connected to one end of the first resistor and a first port of the optocoupler isolating switch;
所述第一电阻的另一端和所述光耦隔离开关的第二端口共同连接到所述对上通信电源电路中所述储能电路的正极；The other end of the first resistor and the second port of the optocoupler isolating switch are connected to the positive pole of the energy storage circuit in the upper communication power supply circuit;
所述光耦隔离开关的第三端口通向所述隔离调制电路外部，连接到所述控制模块；所述光耦隔离开关的第四端口接所述第二电源参考地，第五端口接所述第一电源参考地。The third port of the optocoupler isolating switch is connected to the outside of the isolation modulation circuit and is connected to the control module; the fourth port of the optocoupler isolating switch is connected to the second power reference ground, and the fifth port is connected The first power reference ground is described.
12 ．按照权利要求 8 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：12 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 8 wherein:
所述隔离解调电路为磁电隔离模块，该磁电隔离模块中包含单信号驱动电路、变压器隔离电路、和还原电路；所述变压器隔离电路由原边和副边构成；The isolation demodulation circuit is a magnetoelectric isolation module, and the magnetoelectric isolation module comprises a single signal driving circuit, a transformer isolation circuit, and a reduction circuit; the transformer isolation circuit is composed of a primary side and a secondary side;
所述单信号驱动电路一端连接到所述电子雷管起爆器，一端连接到所述对上通信电源电路中所述储能电路的正极，一端接所述第二电源参考地，其余一端连接到所述原边的一端；所述原边的另一端接所述第二电源参考地；One end of the single signal driving circuit is connected to the electronic detonator initiator, one end is connected to the positive pole of the energy storage circuit in the upper communication power supply circuit, one end is connected to the second power reference ground, and the other end is connected to the One end of the primary side; the other end of the primary side is connected to the second power reference ground;
所述副边的一端与所述还原电路共同接所述第一电源参考地，所述副边的其余端连接到所述还原电路；One end of the secondary side and the reducing circuit are connected to the first power reference ground, and the remaining ends of the secondary side are connected to the reducing circuit;
所述还原电路还有一端连接到所述工作电压输出端，其余端连接到所述控制模块。The reduction circuit further has one end connected to the working voltage output end and the other end connected to the control module.
13 ．按照权利要求 8 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：13 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 8 wherein:
所述隔离解调电路为磁电隔离模块，该磁电隔离模块中包含双信号驱动电路、变压器隔离电路、和还原电路；所述变压器隔离电路由原边和副边构成；The isolation demodulation circuit is a magnetoelectric isolation module, the magnetoelectric isolation module includes a dual signal driving circuit, a transformer isolation circuit, and a reduction circuit; the transformer isolation circuit is composed of a primary side and a secondary side;
所述双信号驱动电路的两端分别连接到所述电子雷管起爆器，所述双信号驱动电路还有一端连接到所述对上通信电源电路中所述储能电路的正极，另有一端接所述第二电源参考地；Two ends of the dual signal driving circuit are respectively connected to the electronic detonator initiator, and the dual signal driving circuit further has one end connected to the positive pole of the energy storage circuit in the upper communication power supply circuit, and one end connected The second power reference ground;
所述原边的两端分别连接到所述双信号驱动电路；所述副边的一端与所述还原电路共同接所述第一电源参考地；所述副边的其余端连接到所述还原电路；The two ends of the primary side are respectively connected to the dual signal driving circuit; one end of the secondary side is connected to the first power source reference ground together with the reducing circuit; the remaining ends of the secondary side are connected to the restored Circuit
所述还原电路还有一端连接到所述工作电压输出端，其余一端连接到所述控制模块。The reduction circuit further has one end connected to the working voltage output end and the other end connected to the control module.
14 ．按照权利要求 12 或 13 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：14 . An electronic detonator encoder according to claim 12 or 13, wherein:
所述原边，由串联在所述原边的两端之间的主线圈、电容和电阻构成。The primary side is composed of a main coil, a capacitor, and a resistor connected in series between both ends of the primary side.
15 ．按照权利要求 12 或 13 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：15 . An electronic detonator encoder according to claim 12 or 13, wherein:
所述副边包含副线圈和第二电阻，The secondary side includes a secondary coil and a second resistor,
所述副线圈的一端与所述第二电阻的一端相连后共同连接到所述变压器隔离电路外部的所述还原电路；所述副线圈的另一端与所述第二电阻的另一端共同接所述第一电源参考地。One end of the secondary coil is connected to one end of the second resistor and is commonly connected to the reduction circuit outside the transformer isolation circuit; the other end of the secondary coil is connected to the other end of the second resistor The first power reference ground is described.
16 ．按照权利要求 12 或 13 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：16 . An electronic detonator encoder according to claim 12 or 13, wherein:
所述副边由副线圈、第三电阻和第四电阻构成，The secondary side is composed of a secondary coil, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor.
所述副线圈的一端与所述第三电阻共同连接到所述还原电路；所述副线圈的另一端与所述第四电阻经由另一通路连接到所述还原电路；所述副线圈的中间抽头、所述第三电阻的另一端和所述第四电阻的另一端共同接所述第一电源参考地。One end of the secondary coil and the third resistor are commonly connected to the reduction circuit; the other end of the secondary coil and the fourth resistor are connected to the reduction circuit via another passage; the middle of the secondary coil The tap, the other end of the third resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor are connected to the first power reference ground.
17 ．按照权利要求 1 、 2 、 3 、 4 、 6 、 7 、 9 、 10 、 12 或 13 中任一权利要求所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：17 . According to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 or 13 An electronic detonator encoder according to any of the preceding claims, wherein:
所述对下通信模块包含高压切换开关和对下通信信号处理模块，The pair of communication modules include a high voltage switch and a pair of communication signal processing modules.
所述高压切换开关的控制端连接到所述控制模块；所述高压切换开关的第一对端子分别连接到所述电子雷管起爆器，第二对端子一对一地连接到所述对下通信信号处理模块的一对输出端，第三对端子分别通向本电子雷管编码器外部，构成所述信号总线；a control end of the high voltage switch is connected to the control module; a first pair of terminals of the high voltage switch is respectively connected to the electronic detonator, and a second pair of terminals are connected to the pair of communication one to one a pair of output ends of the signal processing module, the third pair of terminals respectively leading to the outside of the electronic detonator encoder to form the signal bus;
所述对下通信信号处理模块还有一端连接到所述控制模块，用于与所述控制模块进行数据交互；所述对下通信信号处理模块再有一端接所述第一电源参考地；所述对下通信信号处理模块的其余两端，一对一地连接到所述电源管理模块的所述通信电压输出端和所述工作电压输出端。The lower communication signal processing module is further connected to the control module for data interaction with the control module; the lower communication signal processing module has one end connected to the first power reference ground; The remaining two ends of the pair of communication signal processing modules are connected one-to-one to the communication voltage output terminal and the working voltage output terminal of the power management module.
18 ．按照权利要求 17 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：18 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 17, wherein:
所述对下通信信号处理模块包含对下通信信号调制模块和对下通信信号解调模块，The lower communication signal processing module includes a lower communication signal modulation module and a lower communication signal demodulation module.
所述对下通信信号调制模块和所述对下通信信号解调模块各有一端连接到所述工作电压输出端，各有一端连接到所述控制模块，还各有一端接所述第一电源参考地；The lower communication signal modulation module and the lower communication signal demodulation module each have one end connected to the working voltage output end, one end of each of which is connected to the control module, and one end is connected to the first power source Reference ground
所述对下通信信号调制模块还有一端直接通向所述对下通信信号处理模块外部，构成所述对下通信信号处理模块的一对输出端之一；The lower communication signal modulation module further has one end directly leading to the outside of the pair of communication signal processing modules, and constituting one of a pair of output ends of the pair of communication signal processing modules;
所述对下通信信号调制模块与所述对下通信信号解调模块通过其余的端串联在所述通信电压输出端与所述对下通信信号处理模块的一对输出端之二之间。The pair of lower communication signal modulation modules and the pair of lower communication signal demodulation modules are connected in series between the communication voltage output terminal and the pair of output terminals of the pair of lower communication signal processing modules through the remaining terminals.
19 ． 按照权利要求 17 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：19 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 17, wherein:
所述对下通信信号处理模块包含对下通信信号调制模块和对下通信信号解调模块，The lower communication signal processing module includes a lower communication signal modulation module and a lower communication signal demodulation module.
所述对下通信信号调制模块和所述对下通信信号解调模块各有一端连接到所述工作电压输出端，各有一端连接到所述控制模块，还各有一端接所述第一电源参考地；The lower communication signal modulation module and the lower communication signal demodulation module each have one end connected to the working voltage output end, one end of each of which is connected to the control module, and one end is connected to the first power source Reference ground
所述对下通信信号调制模块的通信电压输入端连接到所述电源管理模块的所述通信电压输出端；所述对下通信信号调制模块的两个调制信号输出端分别通向所述对下通信信号处理模块外部，构成所述对下通信信号处理模块的一对输出端；所述对下通信信号调制模块的其余端连接到所述对下通信信号解调模块。a communication voltage input end of the lower communication signal modulation module is connected to the communication voltage output end of the power management module; and two modulated signal output ends of the lower communication signal modulation module respectively lead to the opposite Outside the communication signal processing module, a pair of output terminals of the pair of communication signal processing modules are formed; the remaining ends of the pair of communication signal modulation modules are connected to the pair of communication signal demodulation modules.
20 ．按照权利要求 17 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：20 . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 17, wherein:
所述对下通信信号处理模块包含对下通信信号调制模块、对下通信信号解调模块和第一收发切换开关，The downlink communication signal processing module includes a downlink communication signal modulation module, a downlink communication signal demodulation module, and a first transceiver switch.
所述对下通信信号调制模块和所述对下通信信号解调模块各有一端连接到所述工作电压输出端，各有一端连接到所述通信电压输出端；该两模块还各有一端连接到所述控制模块，各有一端接所述第一电源参考地；The lower communication signal modulation module and the lower communication signal demodulation module each have one end connected to the working voltage output end, one end of each of which is connected to the communication voltage output end; the two modules also have one end connected Each of the control modules has one end connected to the first power reference ground;
所述对下通信信号解调模块的一个取样端连接到所述第一收发切换开关的第一端；a sampling end of the down communication signal demodulation module is connected to the first end of the first transceiver switch;
所述对下通信信号调制模块的两个调制信号输出端：一端连接到所述第一收发切换开关的第二端，另一端直接通向所述对下通信信号处理模块外部，构成所述对下通信信号处理模块的一对输出端之一；Two modulated signal output ends of the lower communication signal modulation module: one end is connected to the second end of the first transceiver switch, and the other end is directly connected to the outside of the pair of communication signal processing modules to form the pair One of a pair of output terminals of the communication signal processing module;
所述第一收发切换开关的第三端通向所述对下通信信号处理模块外部，构成所述对下通信信号处理模块的一对输出端之二；所述第一收发切换开关的控制端连接到所述控制模块。The third end of the first transceiver switch is connected to the outside of the pair of communication signal processing modules to form a pair of output terminals of the pair of communication signal processing modules; the control end of the first transceiver switch Connected to the control module.
21 ．按照权利要求 17 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：twenty one . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 17, wherein:
所述对下通信信号处理模块包含对下通信信号调制模块、对下通信信号解调模块和第二收发切换开关，The sub-communication signal processing module includes a lower communication signal modulation module, a lower communication signal demodulation module, and a second transceiving switch.
所述对下通信信号调制模块和所述对下通信信号解调模块各有一端连接到所述工作电压输出端，各有一端连接到所述通信电压输出端；该两模块还各有一端连接到所述控制模块，各有一端接所述第一电源参考地；The lower communication signal modulation module and the lower communication signal demodulation module each have one end connected to the working voltage output end, one end of each of which is connected to the communication voltage output end; the two modules also have one end connected Each of the control modules has one end connected to the first power reference ground;
所述对下通信信号解调模块的一个取样端和连接到所述第一电源参考地的一端分别一对一地连接到所述第二收发切换开关的第一对端子； 所述对下通信信号调制模块的两个调制信号输出端分别一对一地连接到所述第二收发切换开关的第二对端子；所述第二收发切换开关的第三对端子通向所述对下通信信号处理模块外部，构成所述对下通信信号处理模块的一对输出端；所述第二收发切换开关的控制端连接到所述控制模块。One sampling end of the down communication signal demodulation module and one end connected to the first power reference ground are respectively connected to the first pair of terminals of the second transceiver switch one-to-one; The two modulated signal output ends of the lower communication signal modulation module are respectively connected to the second pair of terminals of the second transceiver switch one-to-one; the third pair of terminals of the second transceiver switch are connected to the second pair of terminals The pair of output terminals of the pair of communication signal processing modules are formed outside the pair of communication signal processing modules; and the control terminal of the second transceiver switch is connected to the control module.
22 ．按照权利要求 18 至 21 中任一权利要求所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：twenty two . An electronic detonator encoder according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein:
所述对下通信信号解调模块包含信号取样电路和信号调理电路，The down communication signal demodulation module comprises a signal sampling circuit and a signal conditioning circuit,
所述信号调理电路一端与所述工作电压输出端相连，一端与所述控制模块相连，其余端与所述信号取样电路相连；One end of the signal conditioning circuit is connected to the working voltage output end, one end is connected to the control module, and the other end is connected to the signal sampling circuit;
所述信号取样电路的其余两端构成所述取样端，通向所述对下通信信号解调模块外部。The remaining two ends of the signal sampling circuit form the sampling end and lead to the outside of the pair of lower communication signal demodulation modules.
23 ．按照权利要求 22 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：twenty three . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 22, wherein:
所述信号调理电路包含两个滤波电路、两个放大电路和两个比较电路，The signal conditioning circuit comprises two filter circuits, two amplification circuits and two comparison circuits.
两个所述放大电路和两个所述比较电路分别连接到所述工作电压输出端；Two said amplifying circuit and two said comparing circuits are respectively connected to said working voltage output end;
两个所述滤波电路各有一端连接到所述信号取样电路，还各有一端分别一对一地连接到两个所述放大电路；两个所述放大电路还各有一端分别一对一地连接到两个所述比较电路，两个所述比较电路的其余端分别连接到所述控制模块。Each of the two filter circuits has one end connected to the signal sampling circuit, and one end of each of the filter circuits is connected to the two amplifying circuits one by one; the two amplifying circuits each have one end one by one Connected to two of said comparison circuits, the remaining ends of the two of said comparison circuits are respectively connected to said control module.
24 ．按照权利要求 22 所述的电子雷管编码器，其特征在于：twenty four . The electronic detonator encoder according to claim 22, wherein:
所述信号取样电路为电磁耦合器，The signal sampling circuit is an electromagnetic coupler,
所述电磁耦合器初级线圈的两端分别通向所述对下通信信号解调模块外部，构成所述对下通信信号解调模块的所述取样端；所述电磁耦合器次级线圈的两端分别连接到所述信号调理电路；所述电磁耦合器的中间抽头接所述第一电源参考地。Two ends of the primary coil of the electromagnetic coupler respectively lead to the outside of the pair of lower communication signal demodulation modules, and constitute the sampling end of the demodulation module of the lower communication signal; two of the secondary coils of the electromagnetic coupler The terminals are respectively connected to the signal conditioning circuit; the intermediate tap of the electromagnetic coupler is connected to the first power reference ground.
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