WO2012174985A1 - 利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法 - Google Patents

利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法 Download PDF

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WO2012174985A1
WO2012174985A1 PCT/CN2012/076469 CN2012076469W WO2012174985A1 WO 2012174985 A1 WO2012174985 A1 WO 2012174985A1 CN 2012076469 W CN2012076469 W CN 2012076469W WO 2012174985 A1 WO2012174985 A1 WO 2012174985A1
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water body
fish
ecological restoration
water
vine
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PCT/CN2012/076469
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何文辉
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上海太和水环境科技发展有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds

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  • the invention relates to a method for ecological restoration of water bodies, in particular to a method for utilizing fish vine essence for ecological restoration of water bodies.
  • aquatic animals such as fish will rapidly grow and grow as aquatic plants (especially submerged plants) grow and water quality improves.
  • Excessive aquatic animals, especially small herbivorous fish pose a greater threat to the newly established aquatic grass-centered ecosystem.
  • Fish vine is a common low-toxic pesticide of plant origin, the main ingredient is rotenone.
  • the chemical name of rotenone is 1,2,6,6a,12,12a-hexahydro-2-(1-methylvinyl)-8,9-dimethoxybenzopyran [3,4-b] Furano[2,3-h]benzopyran-6-one, the molecular formula is the formula C 23 H 22 O 6 , and the structural formula is as shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Fish vine is often used in agriculture to control a variety of pests such as cotton, fruit trees, vegetables, tobacco, mulberry, and tea trees. It is also safer for humans and animals, and can control parasitic mites, ticks, psoriasis and mites on livestock.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for utilizing the fish vine essence for ecological restoration of water, thereby effectively controlling the density of fish and other aquatic animals.
  • the method for utilizing the fish vine essence to carry out the water body ecological restoration comprises: placing the vine vine essence into the water body ecological restoration project to be carried out, thereby performing the ecological restoration of the water body.
  • the amount of the fish vine is:
  • the roots of the fish vine plant or other corresponding parts of the plant containing rotenone such as the leaves of African edamame Grinding the crude material in a weight ratio of 1:10 to 30 (preferably 1:20) in hot water at 30 to 40 ° C or in a brine having a mass concentration of 1 to 5 Torr (preferably 2 Torr) 15 to 15
  • the supernatant is taken and diluted 10 to 30 times; the amount is calculated according to the volume of the water body, using 50,000 cubic meters of water and 25 to 50 kg of ground crude.
  • the method of placing the fish vine essence is as follows: when the person puts in the ship, the person can be dispatched by the ship to perform uniform splashing on the water surface to ensure uniform spillage.
  • the time of the vine can be placed in the evening before and after the dark (6-8 pm), when the temperature is low (preferably below 25 °C), and before the dawn of the second day (normally 5-7 pm) ) You can fish out floating fish.
  • the water body to be subjected to the water body ecological restoration project includes: a water body in which the herbivorous wild fish is too high, and the growth of the water grass is threatened.
  • the density of the small wild fish is controlled by using the fish vine in the ecologically repaired water body, the cost is small, the effect is fast, and the impact on the ecosystem is small; and the drug is small in toxicity and harmless to humans and animals. Therefore, the fish vine can be applied to the water body ecological restoration project.
  • the drawing is the chemical structural formula of rotenone.
  • the method for utilizing the fish vine essence to carry out the water body ecological restoration of the invention mainly comprises: putting the vine vine essence into the water body to be subjected to the water body ecological restoration project (for example, Fenglinzhou water body, Jianbiting water body, etc.), thereby performing water body Ecological restoration, specific steps include:
  • the dosage of the fish vine essence is as follows:
  • It can be placed at a low temperature (preferably below 6 °C) before and after dark days (6-8 pm), and floating fish can be removed before dawn on the second day (usually 5-7 pm).
  • the method in this example is the same as in the first embodiment, but the amount of the fish vine essence is changed as follows:
  • the agent of the fish vine essence (the mass concentration is 5 to 6%) is diluted 1000 times, and when it is administered, the dosage is calculated according to the volume of the water body at an effective final concentration of 0.01 ppm;
  • the Shanghai section of the Puhe ecological restoration project has achieved good results, namely, effectively controlling the density of fish and other aquatic animals, which is conducive to the restoration of aquatic ecology.
  • the method in this example is the same as in the first embodiment, but the amount of the fish vine essence is changed as follows:
  • the agent of the fish vine essence (mass concentration is 10%) is diluted 500 times, and when administered, the dosage is calculated according to the volume of the water body at an effective final concentration of 0.05 ppm;
  • the Shanghai Drip Lake D port ecological restoration project has achieved good results, namely, effectively controlling the density of fish and other aquatic animals, which is conducive to the restoration of water ecology.
  • the method in this example is the same as in the first embodiment, but the amount of the fish vine essence is changed as follows:
  • the agent of the fish vine essence (the mass concentration is 2%) is diluted 100 times, and when it is administered, the dosage is calculated according to the volume of the water body at an effective final concentration of 0.1 ppm;
  • the leaves of the African mountain edamame (Tephrosia vogelii Hook) Grind the crude material, soak it in hot water of 40 °C or 1 ⁇ (mass concentration) of water for 15 minutes at a weight ratio of 1:10, then take the supernatant and dilute it for 30 times;
  • the amount of the solution is calculated based on the volume of the water body in 10,000 cubic meters of water using 50 kilograms of ground crude material.
  • the density of fish and other aquatic animals can also be effectively controlled to facilitate the restoration of aquatic ecology.
  • the method in this example is the same as in the first embodiment, but the amount of the fish vine essence is changed as follows:
  • the root is ground and the crude material is immersed in hot water of 35 ° C or 2 ⁇ , 5 ⁇ (mass concentration) of brine for 20 minutes at a weight ratio of 1:30, and the supernatant is taken and diluted by 20 times.
  • the amount of the solution is calculated according to the volume of the water body in 10,000 cubic meters of water using 35 kilograms of ground crude material.
  • the density of fish and other aquatic animals can also be effectively controlled to facilitate the restoration of aquatic ecology.
  • the density of the small wild fish is controlled by using the fish vine in the ecologically repaired water body, the cost is small, the effect is fast, and the impact on the ecosystem is small; and the drug is small in toxicity and harmless to humans and animals. Therefore, the fish vine can be applied to the water body ecological restoration project.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

一种利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法，该方法包括：将鱼藤精投放到需要进行水体生态修复工程的水体中，从而进行水体生态修复。本方法通过在生态修复的水体中采用鱼藤精来控制小型野杂鱼密度，成本小、效果快，对生态系统影响小；同时鱼藤精毒性小，对人畜无害。

Description

利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种水体生态修复的方法，特别是涉及一种利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法。
背景技术
在水体生态修复中，随着水生植物（尤其是沉水植物）的生长、水质的好转，水生动物比如鱼类会快速的繁殖生长。过多的水生动物尤其是小型草食性鱼类对刚建立的以水草为核心的生态系统具有较大的威胁。
鱼藤精是一种常见的植物来源的低毒农药，主要成分为鱼藤酮。鱼藤酮的化学名为1,2,6,6a,12,12a-六氢-2-(1-甲基乙烯基)-8,9-二甲氧基苯并吡喃[3,4-b]呋喃并[2,3-h]苯并吡喃-6-酮，分子式为分子式 C23H22O6，结构式如说明书附图所示。鱼藤精在农业上常用于防治棉花、果树、蔬菜、烟草、桑、茶树等的多种害虫。对人畜也较安全，可防治家畜身上寄生虱、扁虱、牛皮蛆和疥虫等。
 技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法，从而有效控制鱼类和其他水生动物的密度。
技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法，包括：将鱼藤精投放到待需要进行水体生态修复工程中，从而进行水体生态修复。
所述鱼藤精的投放量为：
（1）将浓度为2%～10%（质量浓度）的鱼藤精稀释100～1000倍以上，投放时，该投放量根据水体体积按有效终浓度为0.01～0.1ppm计算；
或（2）将鱼藤植物的根部或其他含鱼藤酮的植物相应部位（比如 非洲山毛豆的叶 ）磨碎粗制物，按1:10～30（优选1：20）的重量比将其浸泡于30～40℃的热水或质量浓度1～5‰（优选2‰）的盐水中15～20分钟后，取上清液，按10～30倍稀释使用；投放量根据水体体积按1万立方水体使用25～50kg磨碎粗制物计算。
在水体生态修复工程中，使用鱼藤精比农牧业使用该药物有更高的浓度精确要求，因此，最好不要直接使用磨碎粗制物，而尽量使用已知浓度的正规企业生产的精炼药物，一般浓度为2%～10%（质量浓度）。
所述鱼藤精的投放方法为：投放时可以派遣人员乘船在水面上进行均匀泼洒，以保证泼洒均匀。
所述鱼藤精的投放时间：可以在傍晚天黑前后（下午6～8点）温度较低（最好低于25℃）的时候投放，第2天清晨黎明前（一般上午5～7点）可以捞去漂浮的鱼。
在野杂鱼密度过高时使用，一般每个季度最多使用一次。
所述待需要进行水体生态修复工程的水体，包括：草食性野杂鱼过高、导致水草生长受到威胁的水体。
 有益效果
本发明中，通过在生态修复的水体中采用鱼藤精来控制小型野杂鱼密度，成本小、效果快，对生态系统影响小；同时该药物毒性小，对人畜无害。因此，可将鱼藤精应用于水体生态修复工程。
附图说明
附图是鱼藤酮的化学结构式。
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
实施例1 北京圆明园中水景观水体生态修复工程
本发明的利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法，主要包括：将鱼藤精投放到待需要进行水体生态修复工程的水体中（比如凤麟洲水体、鉴碧亭水体等），从而进行水体生态修复，具体步骤包括：
（1）鱼藤精的投放量
鱼藤精的投放量，具体配置如下：
将鱼藤（ Derris trifoliata Lour ）的 根部磨碎粗制物，按1:20的重量比将其浸泡于30℃的热水中20分钟后，取上清液，按10倍稀释使用；投放量根据水体体积按1万立方水体使用25公斤磨碎粗制物计算；
（2）鱼藤精的投放方法
投放时可以派遣人员乘船在水面上进行均匀泼洒，以保证泼洒均匀。
（3）鱼藤精的投放时间
可以在傍晚天黑前后（下午6～8点）温度较低（最好低于25℃）的时候投放，第2天清晨黎明前（一般上午5～7点）可以捞去漂浮的鱼。
在野杂鱼密度过高时（即威胁到水草生长时）使用，一年不超过1次。
按照上述步骤进行操作，即将一定剂量的鱼藤精分散投放于生态修复的水体中后，小型野杂鱼会在几个小时之内出现昏迷漂浮现象，此时迅速组织人员将漂浮的鱼捞起。经过大约12～24小时，残余药力基本消失，对生态系统基本没有影响。这种方法可以迅速降低生态系统小型野杂鱼的密度，因此，可以有效地控制鱼类和其他水生动物的密度，以利于水体生态的修复。如经鱼藤精处理后，整个水体水草生长茂盛，水体透明度上升50公分，因此，采用本发明的方法后，在北京圆明园中水景观水体生态修复工程中，取得了很好的效果。
实施例2 上海段浦河生态修复工程
本实施例中的方法，如同实施例1，但将鱼藤精的投放量改为如下：
1 ）鱼藤精的药剂（质量浓度为5～6%）稀释1000倍，投放时，该投放量根据水体体积按有效终浓度为0.01ppm计算；
经采用上述方法后，对于上海段浦河生态修复工程，取得了很好的效果，即有效地控制鱼类和其他水生动物的密度，利于水体生态的修复。
实施例3 上海滴水湖D港生态修复工程
本实施例中的方法，如同实施例1，但将鱼藤精的投放量改为如下：
1 ）鱼藤精的药剂（质量浓度为10%）稀释500倍，投放时，该投放量根据水体体积按有效终浓度为0.05ppm计算；
经采用上述方法后，对于上海滴水湖D港生态修复工程，取得了很好的效果，即有效地控制鱼类和其他水生动物的密度，利于水体生态的修复。
实施例4
本实施例中的方法，如同实施例1，但将鱼藤精的投放量改为如下：
1 ）鱼藤精的药剂（质量浓度为2%）稀释100倍，投放时，该投放量根据水体体积按有效终浓度为0.1ppm计算；
或2）将 非洲山毛豆（ Tephrosia vogelii Hook ）的叶 磨碎粗制物，按1:10的重量比将其浸泡于40℃的热水或1‰（质量浓度）的盐水中15分钟后，取上清液，按30倍稀释使用；投放时，投放量根据水体体积按1万立方水体使用50公斤磨碎粗制物计算。
本实施例，也可有效地控制鱼类和其他水生动物的密度，以利于水体生态的修复。
实施例5
本实施例中的方法，如同实施例1，但将鱼藤精的投放量改为如下：
将鱼藤的 根部磨碎粗制物，按1:30的重量比将其浸泡于35℃的热水或2‰、5‰（质量浓度）的盐水中20分钟后，取上清液，按20倍稀释使用；投放量根据水体体积按1万立方水体使用35公斤磨碎粗制物计算。
本实施例，也可有效地控制鱼类和其他水生动物的密度，以利于水体生态的修复。
 工业实用性
本发明中，通过在生态修复的水体中采用鱼藤精来控制小型野杂鱼密度，成本小、效果快，对生态系统影响小；同时该药物毒性小，对人畜无害。因此，可将鱼藤精应用于水体生态修复工程。
序列表自由内容

Claims (1)

  1. 1 、一种利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法，其特征在于，包括：将鱼藤精投放到待需要进行水体生态修复工程的水体中，从而进行水体生态修复。
    2 、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所述鱼藤精的投放量为：
    （1）将质量浓度为2%～10%的鱼藤精稀释100～1000倍以上，投放时，该投放量根据水体体积按有效终浓度为0.01～0.1ppm计算；
    或（2）将鱼藤植物的根部或含鱼藤酮的植物相应部位的磨碎粗制物，按1：10～30的重量比将其浸泡于30～40℃的热水或质量浓度为1～5‰的盐水中15～20分钟后，取上清液，按10～30倍稀释使用；投放量根据水体体积按1万立方水体使用25～50 kg磨碎粗制物计算。
    3 、如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：所述（2）中，按1:20的重量比将其浸泡于30～40℃的热水或质量浓度为2‰的盐水中15～20分钟。
    4 、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所述鱼藤精的投放方法为：投放时，派遣人员乘船在水面上进行均匀泼洒。
    5 、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所述鱼藤精的投放时间：在下午6～8点、温度低于25℃的时候投放，第2天上午5～7点时捞去漂浮的鱼。
    6 、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所述鱼藤精的投放次数为：当野杂鱼密度过高时使用，每个季度最多使用一次。
    7 、如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所述待需要进行水体生态修复工程的水体，包括：草食性野杂鱼过高、导致水草生长受到威胁的水体。
PCT/CN2012/076469 2011-06-20 2012-06-05 利用鱼藤精进行水体生态修复的方法 WO2012174985A1 (zh)

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CN117105418A (zh) * 2023-07-10 2023-11-24 珠江水资源保护科学研究所 一种水体生态修复系统及其方法

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CN107535507A (zh) * 2017-09-06 2018-01-05 北海海键生物科技有限公司 一种鱼藤酮杀虫剂

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