WO2012168509A1 - Modular system having a reduced thickness and consisting of a flexible material for cultivating vegetation on vertical surfaces - Google Patents

Modular system having a reduced thickness and consisting of a flexible material for cultivating vegetation on vertical surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012168509A1
WO2012168509A1 PCT/ES2012/000156 ES2012000156W WO2012168509A1 WO 2012168509 A1 WO2012168509 A1 WO 2012168509A1 ES 2012000156 W ES2012000156 W ES 2012000156W WO 2012168509 A1 WO2012168509 A1 WO 2012168509A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vegetation
reduced thickness
flexible material
water
vertical surfaces
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PCT/ES2012/000156
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio Franco Salas
Rafael FERNÁNDEZ CAÑERO
Luis PÉREZ URRESTARAZU
Manuel Iván GAVIÑO ESCOBAR
Fernando Hidalgo Romero
Original Assignee
Universidad De Sevilla
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Publication of WO2012168509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012168509A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A01G9/025—Containers and elements for greening walls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • This invention presents a modular system, of reduced thickness and small size that can be hung on a wall or facade. In this way, it can be installed both in the interior and exterior spaces of homes and work spaces (offices, warehouses, workshops, etc.) or buildings in the tertiary sector (shops, restaurants, hotels, etc.) providing them with a high aesthetic value and decorative, and solving in a compact way all the necessary aspects for the proper functioning of a vertical garden in a simple, economical and controlled way.
  • Vertical gardening constitutes a new current, which is presented as an alternative to traditional landscaping and construction systems, and which basically consists of the design and construction of landscaped surfaces in a vertical plane.
  • This invention is linked to a productive sector with a strong innovative and technological character, capable of generating new sources of wealth and jobs, such as architecture and sustainable construction.
  • Patent FR2934460 discloses a structure for the cultivation of plants in vertical composed of a support that acts as a container of the cultivation substrate, and which serves as an impermeable layer by having an insulating structure that separates the garden from the wall and that can be fixed to is.
  • the substrate used in this invention is made of geotextile layers, layers of organic natural materials, such as moss, in possible combination with other fibers that absorb more water and an outer layer of woven coconut fiber that It serves as a support for plants and gives a good final finish.
  • Patent ES 2351331 shows a modular system for vertical gardening perfected based on self-supporting modules, which starts from the ground or forged from the construction structure, which can be assembled together to form different sizes of vertical garden, which incorporates a mesh formed by a set of transverse and longitudinal rods joined together for fixing the planting substrate.
  • Patent ES 2054211 describes a system for vegetarian walls by rigid blocks of mineral wool, arranged horizontally, one above the other, separated by a porous material of capillary separation. The whole set is inside a frame that contains them and serves to fix it on the wall.
  • US Patent 20080202027 defines a vertical planting system with a circular shape, formed by different layered elements arranged in layers, which does not have a built-in irrigation system, but has a moisture-absorbing gel that must be hydrated on a regular basis.
  • This invention has a modular format, of reduced thickness and small size that can be hung on a wall or facade. In this way, it can be installed both in the interior and exterior spaces of homes and work spaces (offices, warehouses, workshops, etc.) or buildings of the tertiary sector (shops, restaurants, hotels, etc.) providing them with a high aesthetic and decorative value , and solving in a compact way all the necessary aspects for the proper functioning of a vertical garden in a simple, economical and controlled way.
  • the present invention comprises a modular format of multilayer substrate of synthetic or natural fibers, which includes an impermeable layer on its back, which will be in contact with the vertical surface to be covered with vegetation, one or more central layers that allow the passage of water and air, and finally an outer layer where the vegetation is housed through holes or pockets.
  • the whole set of layers constitutes the base of growth of the vegetation to cover vertical surfaces, both interior and exterior, allowing the possibility of joining different modules to originate surfaces of greater surface and different shapes.
  • This modular system is completed with the wall fixing system, a water storage tank, which collects excess irrigation water; an irrigation installation that incorporates a small hydraulic pump and a network of emitting pipes and a programmer that allows to manage its correct operation autonomously. It is also possible to arrange a perimeter structure, as a frame, to provide the whole with a better finish and finish.
  • the frame can be constructed with different materials, such as steel, wood, ceramics or plastic materials, being possible to design different configurations and sizes depending on the space to which they are intended, so that the system of the invention can be combined with a large number of sizes, finishes and colors.
  • the present invention is proposed as a vegetated modular element of reduced thickness, between 2 and 4 cm, and of variable size. Modular elements can be assembled to create surfaces with a larger surface and in different shapes and can be hung on a wall or facade, providing it with a high aesthetic and decorative value. In this way, the system of the present invention allows to transfer the nature both inside and outside of any room in a simple, economical and controlled way.
  • This system allows configurations of high plant density by recreating, depending on the vegetation and cultivation conditions, all kinds of natural ecosystems, from tropical and subtropical ecosystems to semi-desert and desert ecosystems, managing to qualify the enclosure in a surprising way and with high ornamental and environmental value, with autonomous and controlled operation.
  • the modular system of the invention can be fixed to the wall or facade by means of various anchoring systems, such as metal brackets placed in the upper interior of the frame and fixed to the wall by screws.
  • the layers of the modular system of the invention are joined together, by gluing, sewing, stapling etc.
  • the modular system of the invention comprises a system for fixing the multilayer substrate in the wall or facade, or in the perimeter frame if it is carried, by means of a rigid metal or plastic profile that is arranged horizontally and between the different layers that They form the multilayer substrate for the support and development of vegetation.
  • the rigid profile can be fixed to the wall with any fixing system, such as by means of screws or rivets.
  • the system of the invention also has an irrigation system composed of a water emitting pipe comprising specific holes or devices installed therein such as drippers, micro sprinklers, diffusers, etc.
  • the water emitting pipe is installed in the upper part of the substrate multilayer and is fed by a vertical pipe that lifts the water by means of a pump, which can be submerged or outside the water storage tank. This water storage tank collects the excess irrigation water from the substrate and drives it back to the upper garden area.
  • system of the invention can integrate different types of regulation and control systems with different levels of demand, depending on what the user needs, ranging from a simple time programmer to sophisticated control devices and operation regulation through sensors and actuators that allow to establish different irrigation and lighting cycles, water replacement, etc.
  • the maintenance of the modular system of the invention is similar to that required by the usual garden and plant containers that any user can have at home, not needing more than maintaining a certain control in the periods of replacement of the irrigation water used, since Nutrients are contributed to this solution.
  • They are designed to be another element of decoration, which can be combined with the rest of the furniture of the space in which they are installed, with the added benefits of providing health and improving the air quality of the spaces in which they are installed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the partially vegetated modular system anchored to a wall or facade of the building, where its final framed finish can be seen.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view, partially disassembled, where all the components that form the modular system are shown by sections: the thin layers that form the culture medium where the vegetation is placed and its support system on the wall, the pipeline elevation, water pipe, pump and irrigation tank, all closed by a frame.
  • the modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for the cultivation of vegetation on vertical surfaces comprises at least one module that is a multilayer substrate (3) that is the means of vertical growth of the vegetation (4).
  • the substrate (3) is composed of several layers of flexible and small thickness materials bonded together. This union can be done by sewing, gluing, stapling, etc.
  • At least one layer will be used for the accommodation and growth of the vegetation (4) comprising pockets or holes (7), one or several intermediate layers (6) that absorb water and let both air and water pass through its interior and finally an impermeable layer (5) that prevents the wall or facade (1) from getting wet.
  • the multilayer substrate (3) has a thickness of between 2 cm and 4 cm and the layers that compose it can be synthetic, natural or a combination of both types.
  • the system further comprises a rigid clamping profile layer (8) that is housed in an upper horizontal fold of the impermeable layer (5).
  • This profile (8) fixes the upper part of the substrate (3) vertically on the wall (1) or inside a frame perimeter (2) depending on whether the embodiment has a perimeter frame (2) or not.
  • the rigid clamping profile (8) can be metallic or sw plastic.
  • the system also comprises a reservoir (9) that is fixed to the wall (1) or that is housed in the inner lower part of the perimeter frame (2) if it is carried. Inside the tank
  • the grid (13) is used to collect the particles released by the vegetation.
  • the pump (10) may be submerged or not.
  • the pump (10) has the function of raising the water collected in the tank (9) through the lifting pipe (11).
  • the water emitting pipe (12) has holes or devices installed in it through which the water that flows through it flows out. These devices are for example drippers, micro sprinklers, diffusers, etc.
  • this will be fixed on the wall (1), for example, by means of metal brackets and a screw system and fixing screws on the upper inner part of the frame.
  • the frame (2) must cover the tank (9) and the perimeter of the multilayer substrate (3) to provide the vertical garden assembly with a better finish and aesthetic finish. It is also possible to fix the multilayer substrate (3) inside the frame (2) by means of metal brackets and screws, leaving the tank (9) housed in the lower part of the frame (2) without fixing it to the wall (1) .
  • the modules (3) of the system constitute the growth base of the vegetation to cover vertical surfaces, both interior and exterior. Several modules can be joined to create surfaces with a larger surface and in different ways.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vegetated modular element having a reduced thickness and a variable size and consisting of a flexible material. Said modular element can be hung on a wall or facade, providing it with a high aesthetic and decorative value, in such a way that nature can be brought anywhere, both inside and outside, in a simple, economical and controlled manner. The invention falls into the fields of decoration, interior design, agriculture, bioclimatic architecture, gardening and landscaping.

Description

SISTEMA MODULAR DE REDUCIDO ESPESOR Y MATERIAL FLEXIBLE PARA EL CULTIVO DE VEGETACIÓN EN SUPERFICIES VERTICALES  MODULAR SYSTEM OF REDUCED THICKNESS AND FLEXIBLE MATERIAL FOR THE GROWING OF VEGETATION IN VERTICAL SURFACES
Esta invención presenta un sistema modular, de reducido espesor y pequeño tamaño que puede ser colgado en una pared o fachada. De esta forma permite instalarse tanto en el espacio interior como exterior de viviendas y de espacios de trabajo (oficinas, almacenes, talleres, etc.) o edificios del sector terciario (tiendas, restaurantes, hoteles, etc.) dotándolos de un alto valor estético y decorativo, y resolviendo de un modo compacto todos los aspectos necesarios para el adecuado funcionamiento de un jardín vertical de un modo sencillo, económico y controlado. This invention presents a modular system, of reduced thickness and small size that can be hung on a wall or facade. In this way, it can be installed both in the interior and exterior spaces of homes and work spaces (offices, warehouses, workshops, etc.) or buildings in the tertiary sector (shops, restaurants, hotels, etc.) providing them with a high aesthetic value and decorative, and solving in a compact way all the necessary aspects for the proper functioning of a vertical garden in a simple, economical and controlled way.
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
La jardinería vertical constituye una nueva corriente, que se presenta como una alternativa a los sistemas de ajardinamiento y construcción tradicionales, y que, básicamente, consiste en el diseño y construcción de superficies ajardinadas en un plano vertical. Vertical gardening constitutes a new current, which is presented as an alternative to traditional landscaping and construction systems, and which basically consists of the design and construction of landscaped surfaces in a vertical plane.
Los beneficios, asociados de forma general al uso de plantas ornamentales en el interior de la edificación, se resumen en: la depuración del aire en el interior de los edificios, reteniendo partículas en suspensión y sustancias contaminantes, constituyendo una importante herramienta para luchar contra el denominado "Síndrome del Edificio Enfermo"; la reducción del estrés y las bajas laborales, aumentando la productividad en las oficinas; y un significativo efecto positivo en la salud de los enfermos cuando se utilizan en hospitales.  The benefits, generally associated with the use of ornamental plants inside the building, are summarized in: the purification of the air inside the buildings, retaining suspended particles and polluting substances, constituting an important tool to fight against called "Sick Building Syndrome"; the reduction of stress and casualties, increasing productivity in offices; and a significant positive effect on the health of patients when used in hospitals.
Esta invención está vinculada con un sector productivo con un fuerte carácter innovador y tecnológico, capaz de generar nuevas fuentes de riqueza y puestos de trabajo, como es la arquitectura y construcción sostenible. This invention is linked to a productive sector with a strong innovative and technological character, capable of generating new sources of wealth and jobs, such as architecture and sustainable construction.
Respecto a los sistemas de jardinería vertical podemos decir que tradicionalmente la técnica empleada para cubrir con vegetación las fachadas y paredes consiste en plantar en el suelo plantas trepadoras que colonizan las superficies verticales de forma natural o dirigida mediante fijaciones y sistemas de anclajes a la edificación. Más recientemente se han propuesto sistemas que permiten el crecimiento de la vegetación en las fachadas y paredes mediante un sistema de cultivo hidropónico en vertical. Las plantas se desarrollan con crecimiento epífito sobre una o varias capas de fieltro, pero estos sistemas requieren de una estructura soporte rígido. Regarding vertical gardening systems we can say that traditionally the technique used to cover the facades and walls with vegetation consists in planting climbing plants on the ground that colonize vertical surfaces naturally or directed by means of fixations and anchoring systems to the building. More recently, systems have been proposed that allow the growth of vegetation on facades and walls through a vertical hydroponic cultivation system. Plants develop with epiphytic growth on one or several layers of felt, but these systems require a rigid support structure.
Otros sistemas conocidos para la realización de paredes o fachadas vegetales, como el dispositivo descrito en la patente ES 2317293, consisten en contenedores metálicos rellenos de sustratos de plantación de forma prismática De este tipo es también la patente ES 2215 007, que describe un sistema para cubrir de vegetación superficies verticales por medio de contenedores que dispone de un reservorio para el agua y que están rellenos de agregados minerales que sirven como medio de cultivo de vegetación.  Other known systems for the realization of plant walls or facades, such as the device described in patent ES 2317293, consist of metal containers filled with planting substrates in a prismatic manner. This is also the patent ES 2215 007, which describes a system for cover vertical surfaces with vegetation through containers that have a reservoir for water and are filled with mineral aggregates that serve as a means of growing vegetation.
Existen sistemas modulares parecidos a los anteriores pero que son autoportantes, es decir, no necesitan estructura de anclaje de los contenedores a la pared o muro (ES 2300049). También se encuentran estructuras metálicas o de materiales plásticos verticales para construir paredes o fachadas verdes o jardines verticales que soportan contenedores para plantas o para flores, tales como por ejemplo macetas (ES 1069555), o soportan directamente el sustrato de plantación (US 4295296, JP2004076307, CN201053150 y CN2494856). There are modular systems similar to the previous ones but that are self-supporting, that is, they do not need an anchor structure for the containers to the wall or wall (ES 2300049). There are also metal structures or vertical plastic materials to build green walls or facades or vertical gardens that support containers for plants or flowers, such as for example pots (ES 1069555), or directly support the planting substrate (US 4295296, JP2004076307 , CN201053150 and CN2494856).
La patente FR2934460 divulga una estructura para el cultivo de plantas en vertical compuesto por un soporte que actúa como contenedor del sustrato de cultivo, y que sirve como capa impermeable al tener una estructura aislante que separa el jardín de la pared y que se puede fijar a ésta. Además el sustrato empleado en esta invención está hecho a base de capas de geotextil, capas de materiales naturales orgánicos, como el musgo, en posible combinación con otras fibras que absorban mayor cantidad de agua y por una capa exterior de fibra de coco tejida que le sirve como sostén a las plantas y le da un buen acabado final.  Patent FR2934460 discloses a structure for the cultivation of plants in vertical composed of a support that acts as a container of the cultivation substrate, and which serves as an impermeable layer by having an insulating structure that separates the garden from the wall and that can be fixed to is. In addition, the substrate used in this invention is made of geotextile layers, layers of organic natural materials, such as moss, in possible combination with other fibers that absorb more water and an outer layer of woven coconut fiber that It serves as a support for plants and gives a good final finish.
La patente ES 2351331 muestra un sistema modular para jardinería vertical perfeccionado a base de módulos autoportantes, que parte desde el suelo o forjado de la estructura constructiva, que pueden ser ensamblados entre sí para formar distintos tamaños de jardín vertical, que incorpora una malla formada por un conjunto de varillas transversales y longitudinales unidas entre sí para la fijación del sustrato de plantación. La patente ES 2054211 describe un sistema para vegetar paredes mediante bloques rígidos de lana mineral, dispuestos en horizontal, uno sobre el otro, separados por un material poroso de separación capilar. Todo el conjunto queda dentro de un bastidor que los contiene y sirve para fijarlo en la pared. Patent ES 2351331 shows a modular system for vertical gardening perfected based on self-supporting modules, which starts from the ground or forged from the construction structure, which can be assembled together to form different sizes of vertical garden, which incorporates a mesh formed by a set of transverse and longitudinal rods joined together for fixing the planting substrate. Patent ES 2054211 describes a system for vegetarian walls by rigid blocks of mineral wool, arranged horizontally, one above the other, separated by a porous material of capillary separation. The whole set is inside a frame that contains them and serves to fix it on the wall.
La patente US 20080202027 define un sistema de plantación vertical con forma circular, formado por distintos elementos laminares dispuesto en capas, que no lleva sistema de riego incorporado, sino que dispone de un gel que absorbe la humedad que debe ser hidratado de forma regular.  US Patent 20080202027 defines a vertical planting system with a circular shape, formed by different layered elements arranged in layers, which does not have a built-in irrigation system, but has a moisture-absorbing gel that must be hydrated on a regular basis.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Esta invención presenta un formato modular, de reducido espesor y pequeño tamaño que puede ser colgado en una pared o fachada. De esta forma permite instalarse tanto en el espacio interior como exterior de viviendas y de espacios de trabajo (oficinas, almacenes, talleres, etc) o edificios del sector terciario (tiendas, restaurantes, hoteles, etc) dotándolos de un alto valor estético y decorativo, y resolviendo de un modo compacto todos los aspectos necesarios para el adecuado funcionamiento de un jardín vertical de un modo sencillo, económico y controlado. This invention has a modular format, of reduced thickness and small size that can be hung on a wall or facade. In this way, it can be installed both in the interior and exterior spaces of homes and work spaces (offices, warehouses, workshops, etc.) or buildings of the tertiary sector (shops, restaurants, hotels, etc.) providing them with a high aesthetic and decorative value , and solving in a compact way all the necessary aspects for the proper functioning of a vertical garden in a simple, economical and controlled way.
La presente invención comprende un formato modular de sustrato multicapa de fibras sintéticas o naturales, que incluye una capa impermeable en su parte posterior, que va a estar en contacto con la superficie vertical a cubrir con vegetación, una o varias capas centrales que permiten el paso del agua y del aire, y por último una capa exterior en donde se aloja la vegetación mediante unos orificios o bolsillos. Todo el conjunto de capas constituye la base de crecimiento de la vegetación para cubrir superficies verticales, tanto interiores como exteriores, permitiendo la posibilidad de unión de distintos módulos para originar superficies de mayor superficie y distintas formas.  The present invention comprises a modular format of multilayer substrate of synthetic or natural fibers, which includes an impermeable layer on its back, which will be in contact with the vertical surface to be covered with vegetation, one or more central layers that allow the passage of water and air, and finally an outer layer where the vegetation is housed through holes or pockets. The whole set of layers constitutes the base of growth of the vegetation to cover vertical surfaces, both interior and exterior, allowing the possibility of joining different modules to originate surfaces of greater surface and different shapes.
Este sistema modular se completa con el sistema de fijación a la pared, un depósito de almacenamiento de agua, que recoge el exceso de agua de riego; una instalación de riego que incorpora una pequeña bomba hidráulica y una red de tuberías emisoras y un programador que permite gestionar su correcto funcionamiento de forma autónoma. También es posible disponer una estructura perimetral, a modo de marco, para dotar al conjunto de una mejor terminación y acabado. El marco puede estar construido con diferentes materiales, como acero, madera, cerámica o materiales plásticos, siendo posible diseñar diferentes configuraciones y tamaños en función del espacio al que se destinen, por lo que el sistema de la invención se puede conjugar con un gran número de tamaños, acabados y colores. This modular system is completed with the wall fixing system, a water storage tank, which collects excess irrigation water; an irrigation installation that incorporates a small hydraulic pump and a network of emitting pipes and a programmer that allows to manage its correct operation autonomously. It is also possible to arrange a perimeter structure, as a frame, to provide the whole with a better finish and finish. The frame can be constructed with different materials, such as steel, wood, ceramics or plastic materials, being possible to design different configurations and sizes depending on the space to which they are intended, so that the system of the invention can be combined with a large number of sizes, finishes and colors.
La presente invención se plantea como un elemento modular vegetado de reducido espesor, entre 2 y 4 cm, y de tamaño variable. Los elementos modulares pueden ser ensamblados para originar superficies de mayor superficie y de distintas formas y pueden ser colgado en una pared o fachada dotándola de un alto valor estético y decorativo. De este modo, el sistema de la presente invención permite trasladar la naturaleza tanto al interior como al exterior de cualquier estancia de un modo sencillo, económico y controlado.  The present invention is proposed as a vegetated modular element of reduced thickness, between 2 and 4 cm, and of variable size. Modular elements can be assembled to create surfaces with a larger surface and in different shapes and can be hung on a wall or facade, providing it with a high aesthetic and decorative value. In this way, the system of the present invention allows to transfer the nature both inside and outside of any room in a simple, economical and controlled way.
Este sistema permite configuraciones de alta densidad vegetal recreando, en función de la vegetación y las condiciones de cultivo, todo tipo de ecosistemas naturales, desde los ecosistemas tropicales y subtropicales hasta los ecosistemas semidesérticos y desérticos, logrando cualificar el recinto de un modo sorprendente y con un alto valor ornamental y ambiental, con un funcionamiento autónomo y controlado.  This system allows configurations of high plant density by recreating, depending on the vegetation and cultivation conditions, all kinds of natural ecosystems, from tropical and subtropical ecosystems to semi-desert and desert ecosystems, managing to qualify the enclosure in a surprising way and with high ornamental and environmental value, with autonomous and controlled operation.
El sistema modular de la invención puede fijarse a la pared o fachada mediante diversos sistemas de anclaje, como por ejemplo escuadras metálicas colocadas en el interior superior del marco y fijadas a la pared mediante tornillos tirafondos.  The modular system of the invention can be fixed to the wall or facade by means of various anchoring systems, such as metal brackets placed in the upper interior of the frame and fixed to the wall by screws.
Permite integrar superficies naturalezas de gran belleza en estancias interiores o exteriores de los edificios sin ninguna necesidad de acometer obras previas, únicamente es necesario disponer de un medio de fijación en la pared o fachada. Además, se puede añadir una instalación de alumbrado auxiliar que supla las necesidades lumínicas de las plantas.  It allows integrating natural surfaces of great beauty in interior or exterior rooms of the buildings without any need to undertake previous works, it is only necessary to have a means of fixing on the wall or facade. In addition, you can add an auxiliary lighting installation that meets the lighting needs of the plants.
Las capas del sistema modular de la invención están unidas entre sí, mediante pegado, cosido, grapado etc.  The layers of the modular system of the invention are joined together, by gluing, sewing, stapling etc.
El sistema modular de la invención comprende un sistema de fijación del sustrato multicapa en la pared o fachada, o en el marco perimetral si lo lleva, mediante un perfil rígido metálico o de plástico que se dispone en horizontal y entre las distintas capas que forman el sustrato multicapa para el soporte y desarrollo de la vegetación. El perfil rígido puede fijarse a la pared con cualquier sistema de fijación, como por ejemplo mediante tornillos tirafondos o alcayatas. The modular system of the invention comprises a system for fixing the multilayer substrate in the wall or facade, or in the perimeter frame if it is carried, by means of a rigid metal or plastic profile that is arranged horizontally and between the different layers that They form the multilayer substrate for the support and development of vegetation. The rigid profile can be fixed to the wall with any fixing system, such as by means of screws or rivets.
El sistema de la invención también cuenta con un sistema de riego compuesto por una tubería emisora de agua que comprende orificios o dispositivos específicos instalados en ella como goteros, microaspersores, difusores, etc.La tubería emisora de agua está instalada en la parte superior del sustrato multicapa y es alimentada por una tubería vertical que eleva el agua mediante una bomba, que puede estar sumergida o en exterior del depósito de almacenamiento de agua. Este depósito de almacenamiento de agua recoge el exceso de agua de riego procedente del sustrato y lo vuelve a impulsar a la zona alta del jardín.  The system of the invention also has an irrigation system composed of a water emitting pipe comprising specific holes or devices installed therein such as drippers, micro sprinklers, diffusers, etc. The water emitting pipe is installed in the upper part of the substrate multilayer and is fed by a vertical pipe that lifts the water by means of a pump, which can be submerged or outside the water storage tank. This water storage tank collects the excess irrigation water from the substrate and drives it back to the upper garden area.
Por último, el sistema de la invención puede integrar distintos tipos de sistemas de regulación y control con diferentes niveles de exigencia, en función de lo que el usuario necesite, que van desde un sencillo programador horario a sofisticados dispositivos de control y regulación del funcionamiento mediante sensores y actuadores que permiten establecer diferentes ciclos de riego e iluminación, sustitución del agua, etc.  Finally, the system of the invention can integrate different types of regulation and control systems with different levels of demand, depending on what the user needs, ranging from a simple time programmer to sophisticated control devices and operation regulation through sensors and actuators that allow to establish different irrigation and lighting cycles, water replacement, etc.
El mantenimiento del sistema modular de la invención es similar al requerido por los habituales contenedores de jardinería y plantas que cualquier usuario puede tener en casa, no siendo necesario más que mantener un cierto control en los periodos de recambio del agua de riego empleada, ya que los nutrientes son aportados a esta solución.  The maintenance of the modular system of the invention is similar to that required by the usual garden and plant containers that any user can have at home, not needing more than maintaining a certain control in the periods of replacement of the irrigation water used, since Nutrients are contributed to this solution.
Están diseñados para ser un elemento de decoración más, que pueda combinarse con el resto del mobiliario del espacio en el que se instalen, con los beneficios añadidos de aportar salud y mejorar la calidad del aire de los espacios en los que se instalen.  They are designed to be another element of decoration, which can be combined with the rest of the furniture of the space in which they are installed, with the added benefits of providing health and improving the air quality of the spaces in which they are installed.
En caso de instalarse en espacios con poca iluminación natural es posible integrar estos sistemas con una instalación de alumbrado auxiliar, que supla las necesidades lumínicas de las plantas.  If installed in spaces with poor natural lighting, it is possible to integrate these systems with an auxiliary lighting installation, which meets the lighting needs of the plants.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS Para completar y complementar la descripción de la presente invención y para hacer más comprensible las características de la misma, se acompaña una serie de figuras en las que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se representa lo siguiente: DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES To complete and complement the description of the present invention and to make the characteristics of the same more understandable, a series of figures are attached in which the following is represented by way of illustration and not limitation:
FIG. 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva del sistema modular parcialmente vegetado anclado a una pared o fachada del edificio, donde se puede apreciar su acabado final enmarcado.  FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the partially vegetated modular system anchored to a wall or facade of the building, where its final framed finish can be seen.
FIG. 2 muestra una vista en perspectiva, parcialmente desmontada, donde se muestran mediante secciones todos los componentes que forman el sistema modular: las capas delgadas que forma el medio de cultivo donde se coloca la vegetación y su sistema de soporte en la pared, la tubería de elevación, tubería emisora de agua, la bomba y depósito para el riego, todo cerrado mediante un marco.  FIG. 2 shows a perspective view, partially disassembled, where all the components that form the modular system are shown by sections: the thin layers that form the culture medium where the vegetation is placed and its support system on the wall, the pipeline elevation, water pipe, pump and irrigation tank, all closed by a frame.
Referencias: References:
1 : Pared o fachada; 2:Marco perimetral; 3:Sustrato multicapa; 4:Vegetación; 5:Capa impermeable; 6: Capa intermedia;7: Bolsillos; 8:Perfil rígido de sujeción; 9:Depósito; 10:Bomba; 1 l :Tubería de elevación; 12:Tubería emisora de agua; 13:Rejilla  1: Wall or facade; 2: Perimeter frame; 3: Multilayer substrate; 4: Vegetation; 5: Waterproof layer; 6: Intermediate layer; 7: Pockets; 8: Rigid clamping profile; 9: Deposit; 10: Pump; 1 l: Lifting pipe; 12: Water emitting pipe; 13: Grid
EXPOSICIÓN DETALLADA DE MODOS DE REALIZACIÓN DETAILED EXHIBITION OF REALIZATION MODES
El sistema modular de reducido espesor y material flexible para el cultivo de vegetación en superficies verticales comprende al menos un módulo que es un sustrato multicapas (3) que es el medio de crecimiento en vertical de la vegetación (4). El sustrato (3) está compuesto por varias capas de materiales flexibles y de pequeño espesor unidas entre sí. Esta unión se puede realizar mediante cosido, pegado, grapado, etc. Se utilizará al menos una capa para el alojamiento y crecimiento de la vegetación (4) que comprende bolsillos u orificios (7), una o varias capas intermedias (6) que absorben agua y deja pasar tanto aire como agua por su interior y por último una capa impermeable (5) que impide que se moje la pared o fachada (1).  The modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for the cultivation of vegetation on vertical surfaces comprises at least one module that is a multilayer substrate (3) that is the means of vertical growth of the vegetation (4). The substrate (3) is composed of several layers of flexible and small thickness materials bonded together. This union can be done by sewing, gluing, stapling, etc. At least one layer will be used for the accommodation and growth of the vegetation (4) comprising pockets or holes (7), one or several intermediate layers (6) that absorb water and let both air and water pass through its interior and finally an impermeable layer (5) that prevents the wall or facade (1) from getting wet.
El sustrato multicapa (3) tiene un espesor de entre 2 cm y 4 cm y las capas que lo componen pueden ser sintéticas, naturales o una combinación de ambos tipos.  The multilayer substrate (3) has a thickness of between 2 cm and 4 cm and the layers that compose it can be synthetic, natural or a combination of both types.
El sistema comprende además capa un perfil rígido de sujeción (8) que se aloja en un pliegue horizontal superior de la capa impermeable (5). Este perfil (8) fija la parte superior del sustrato (3) en vertical en la pared (1) o en el interior de un marco perimetral (2) dependiendo de si la realización lleva marco perimetral (2) o no. El perfil rígido de sujeción (8) puede ser metálico o sw plástico. The system further comprises a rigid clamping profile layer (8) that is housed in an upper horizontal fold of the impermeable layer (5). This profile (8) fixes the upper part of the substrate (3) vertically on the wall (1) or inside a frame perimeter (2) depending on whether the embodiment has a perimeter frame (2) or not. The rigid clamping profile (8) can be metallic or sw plastic.
El sistema comprende también un depósito (9) que se fija a la pared (1) o que se aloja en la parte inferior interna del marco perimetral (2) si lo lleva. En el interior del depósito The system also comprises a reservoir (9) that is fixed to the wall (1) or that is housed in the inner lower part of the perimeter frame (2) if it is carried. Inside the tank
(9) se alojan la parte inferior del sustrato multicapa (3), una rejilla (13), y una bomba(9) the lower part of the multilayer substrate (3), a grid (13), and a pump are housed
(10) . La rejilla (13) sirve para recoger las partículas que suelte la vegetación. La bomba (10) puede estar sumergida o no. Por el interior o exterior de las capas que forman el sustrato multicapas (3) se coloca en vertical una tubería de elevación (11) y en horizontal en la parte superior del sustrato multicapa (3) se coloca una tubería emisora de agua (12). La bomba (10) tiene como función hacer subir el agua que se recoge en el depósito (9) a través de la tubería de elevación (11). (10) The grid (13) is used to collect the particles released by the vegetation. The pump (10) may be submerged or not. On the inside or outside of the layers that form the multilayer substrate (3) a lifting pipe (11) is placed vertically and horizontally on the top of the multilayer substrate (3) a water emitting pipe (12) is placed . The pump (10) has the function of raising the water collected in the tank (9) through the lifting pipe (11).
La tubería emisora de agua (12) tiene orificios o dispositivos instalados en ella a través de los que sale el agua que va por su interior. Estos dispositivos son por ejemplo goteros, microaspersores, difusores, etc.  The water emitting pipe (12) has holes or devices installed in it through which the water that flows through it flows out. These devices are for example drippers, micro sprinklers, diffusers, etc.
En una realización de la invención en la que hay un marco perimetral (2), éste se fijará en la pared (1) por ejemplo mediante unas escuadras metálicas y sistema de tirafondo y tornillos de fijación en la parte superior interna del marco. El marco (2) debe cubrir el depósito (9) y el perímetro del sustrato multicapas (3) para dotar al conjunto del jardín vertical de una mejor terminación y acabado estético. También es posible fijar el sustrato multicapas (3) al interior del marco (2) mediante unas escuadras metálicas y tornillos, quedando el depósito (9) alojado en la parte inferior del marco (2) sin necesidad de fijarlo a la pared (1).  In an embodiment of the invention in which there is a perimeter frame (2), this will be fixed on the wall (1), for example, by means of metal brackets and a screw system and fixing screws on the upper inner part of the frame. The frame (2) must cover the tank (9) and the perimeter of the multilayer substrate (3) to provide the vertical garden assembly with a better finish and aesthetic finish. It is also possible to fix the multilayer substrate (3) inside the frame (2) by means of metal brackets and screws, leaving the tank (9) housed in the lower part of the frame (2) without fixing it to the wall (1) .
Los módulos (3) del sistema constituyen la base de crecimiento de la vegetación para cubrir superficies verticales, tanto interiores como exteriores. Se pueden unir varios módulos para originar superficies de mayor superficie y de distintas formas.  The modules (3) of the system constitute the growth base of the vegetation to cover vertical surfaces, both interior and exterior. Several modules can be joined to create surfaces with a larger surface and in different ways.
Una vez descrita suficientemente la naturaleza y funcionamiento de la invención, así como un ejemplo de realización preferente, se hace constar a los efectos oportunos que los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de los elementos descritos podrán ser modificados, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración de las características esenciales de la invención, y que se reivindican más adelante.  Once the nature and operation of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as an example of a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described elements may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration of the essential characteristics of the invention, and which are claimed below.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Sistema modular de reducido espesor y material flexible para el cultivo de vegetación en superficies verticales que conforma un elemento de alto valor estético, decorativo y ambiental, que resuelve de un modo compacto todos los aspectos necesarios para el adecuado funcionamiento de un jardín vertical, y que puede ser colgado en paredes o fachadas tanto interiores como al exteriores de cualquier hogar, lugar de trabajo u ocio caracterizado por que comprende al menos un módulo de sustrato (3) multicapa flexible y de reducido espesor, compuesto por capas unidas entre sí donde se tiene una capa exterior con bolsillos (7) en la que se aloja el sistema radicular de la vegetación, capas intermedias (6) que permiten el paso de agua y aire y absorben el agua y una capa impermeable (5) que queda en contacto con la pared o fachada (1) en la que se instala el sistema. 1. Modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for the cultivation of vegetation on vertical surfaces that forms an element of high aesthetic, decorative and environmental value, which solves in a compact way all the aspects necessary for the proper functioning of a vertical garden, and that it can be hung on walls or facades both inside and outside of any home, workplace or leisure characterized by comprising at least one flexible and low thickness multilayer substrate module (3), composed of layers joined together where there is an outer layer with pockets (7) in which the root system of the vegetation is housed, intermediate layers (6) that allow the passage of water and air and absorb water and an impermeable layer (5) that remains in contact with the wall or facade (1) in which the system is installed.
2. Sistema modular de reducido espesor y material flexible para el cultivo de vegetación en superficies verticales según la reivindicación 1 que comprende una estructura de marco perimetral (2) que se fija a la pared o fachada (1) en la que se instala el sistema. 2. Modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for the cultivation of vegetation on vertical surfaces according to claim 1 comprising a perimeter frame structure (2) that is fixed to the wall or facade (1) in which the system is installed .
3. Sistema modular de reducido espesor y material flexible para el cultivo de vegetación en superficies verticales según la reivindicación 1 que comprende un sistema de fijación del sustrato multicapa (3) que comprende un perfil rígido (8) que se dispone en horizontal entre las distintas capas que forman el sustrato multicapas (3). 3. Modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for the cultivation of vegetation on vertical surfaces according to claim 1 comprising a fixing system of the multilayer substrate (3) comprising a rigid profile (8) that is arranged horizontally between the different layers that form the multilayer substrate (3).
4. Sistema modular de reducido espesor y material flexible para el cultivo de vegetación en superficies verticales según la reivindicación 1 que comprende un sistema de riego compuesto por una tubería emisora de agua (12) instalada en la parte superior del sustrato multicapas (3), alimentada por una tubería vertical (11) a la que llega el agua que proviene de una bomba (10) que está colocada en un depósito de almacenamiento de agua (9) en el que se recoge el exceso de agua de riego procedente del sustrato (3). 4. Modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for the cultivation of vegetation on vertical surfaces according to claim 1 comprising an irrigation system composed of a water emitting pipe (12) installed in the upper part of the multilayer substrate (3), fed by a vertical pipe (11) to which comes the water that comes from a pump (10) that is placed in a water storage tank (9) in which the excess irrigation water from the substrate is collected ( 3).
5. Sistema modular de reducido espesor y material flexible para el cultivo de vegetación en superficies verticales según la reivindicación 4 que comprende una rejilla (13) colocada en el borde del depósito. 5. Modular system of reduced thickness and flexible material for growing vegetation on vertical surfaces according to claim 4 comprising a grid (13) placed on the edge of the tank.
PCT/ES2012/000156 2011-06-10 2012-06-06 Modular system having a reduced thickness and consisting of a flexible material for cultivating vegetation on vertical surfaces WO2012168509A1 (en)

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CN110056099B (en) * 2019-04-25 2021-04-06 四川迪森沃克建筑装饰工程有限公司 Environment-friendly decorative wall and construction method thereof
FR3132004A1 (en) * 2022-01-24 2023-07-28 Sophie MARRIE Device for forming a "green wall"
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