WO2012156173A1 - Revêtement superhydrophobe - Google Patents
Revêtement superhydrophobe Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012156173A1 WO2012156173A1 PCT/EP2012/057242 EP2012057242W WO2012156173A1 WO 2012156173 A1 WO2012156173 A1 WO 2012156173A1 EP 2012057242 W EP2012057242 W EP 2012057242W WO 2012156173 A1 WO2012156173 A1 WO 2012156173A1
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- composition
- silica
- silicone
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- particles
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
- C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to a composition suitable to yield a superhydrophobic coating and a method for making the same. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a superhydrophobic coating comprising silicone having a viscosity of at least 30 cSt and microclusters of silica-based particles wherein the microclusters have diameters from 1 nm to 400 nm.
- Droughts, poor irrigation and insufficient plumbing systems are just some of the reasons that cause water shortages in certain regions. Shortages of water can create serious social problems, such as health issues, that are a direct result of inadequate cleaning applications in the absence of sufficient amounts of water.
- compositions that result in such surfaces can be difficult to manufacture and can result in surfaces that display inferior self cleaning, a direct result, for example, of their characteristic contact angles that do not always exceed 140° against water. Moreover, reliable methods for generating superhydrophobic coatings that do not alter the look of treated surfaces are not a given. There is an increasing interest to develop superhydrophobic coatings that result in surfaces displaying high contact angles against water.
- superhydrophobic coating generated from a composition comprising aggregates or microdusters of silica-based particles, silicone and solvent wherein the aggregates or microdusters have a diameter from 1 nm to 400 nm and the silicone has a viscosity of at least 30 cSt.
- the present inventors have recognized that there is a need to generate coatings that do not alter the look of surfaces they are applied on.
- the present inventors have recognized a need for compositions for generating such a coating and that can be formulated from readily-available and/or safe materials such that the compositions may be used by consumers in-home.
- This invention is directed to a composition for yielding a superhydrophobic coating comprising silicone and aggregates or microclusters whereby the same comprises silica-based particles and the microclusters have diameters from 1 nm to 400 nm.
- the coating of this invention is prepared by combining at least aggregates or microclusters of silica-based particle, silicone and solvent to produce a composition that cures to yield the desired coating.
- Such a composition can be formulated with relatively safe solvents (such as alcohols and/or aqueous solvents) and is typically capable of curing to yield a coating that is at least translucent and often transparent and/or which is durable.
- Microcluster as used herein, is meant to mean a bundle of particles, and preferably, a bundle of particles that form an aggregate of the same or varying sizes (i.e., cluster-like appearance).
- the microcluster may be formed from heterogeneously sized particles or homogeneously sized particles.
- Heterogeneously sized particles in a microcluster means having particles with different or varying size diameters in the microcluster.
- Homogeneously sized particles in a microcluster means having particles with substantially the same size diameters in the microcluster. Substantially the same size means having all particles with diameter sizes within 5% of each other. Diameter is meant to mean the largest measurable distance on a particle or aggregate in the event a well-defined sphere is not generated. Where the diameter of a microcluster is mentioned this means the z-average particle size measured, for example, using dynamic light scattering (see international standard ISO 13321 ) with an instrument such as a Zetasizer NanoTM (Malvern Instruments Ltd, UK). Superhvdrophobicity
- Superhydrophobic as used herein means having a contact angle of at least 140° against water and a sliding angle of less than 20°.
- Contact angle as used herein, means the angle at which a water/vapor interface meets a solid surface at a temperature of 25 °C. Such an angle maybe measured with a goniometer or other water droplet shape analysis systems.
- Sliding angle as used herein, means the tilt angle of a surface at which a 5 ⁇ droplet of water slides at 25 °C.
- Refractive index is quoted at a temperature of 25 °C and a wavelength of 589 nm.
- the coating is cured for 10 minutes or until it forms a cohesive film.
- the coated slide is placed in a UV-vis spectrometer (e.g. Perkin-Elmer Lambda 650S) and the transmittance measured at 25 °C.
- a UV-vis spectrometer e.g. Perkin-Elmer Lambda 650S
- Transmittance is used herein as a measure of transparency and so should be determined in the absence of any chromophores with appreciable absorbance at 550 nm. Miscellaneous
- composition with microclusters comprising silica-based particles yields support for a composition with microclusters consisting essentially of and consisting of silica-based particles.
- the present invention is directed to a composition capable of yielding a superhydrophobic coating, the composition comprising (a) a microcluster of silica-based particles, the microcluster having a diameter from 1 nm to 400 nm;
- the invention is directed to a process for making the composition of the first aspect comprising the step of combining, in no particular order, the silica-based particles, at least a first part of the solvent and the silicone to provide a mixture.
- the present invention is directed to a method for making a
- the present invention is directed to the superhydrophobic coating obtained and/or obtainable by the method of the third aspect of this invention.
- silica-based particle that may be used in this invention is that the same can be used to generate microclusters and can be employed in a composition suitable for use by consumers to generate a superhydrophobic coating.
- Illustrative silica-based particles suitable for use in this invention comprise at least 25% by weight silicon dioxide (i.e., silica), and preferably, at least 50% by weight silicon dioxide, and most preferably, at least 75% to 100% by weight silicon dioxide, based on total weight of particle and including all ranges subsumed therein.
- the silica-based particle used is silica, especially pyrogenically produced silica (i.e. fumed silica) which has been hydrophobically modified.
- Exemplary hydrophibically modified silicas include those comprising at least one of the following groups:
- Such silicas are described, for example, in United States Patent No. 7,282,236 and made commercially available from suppliers like Evonik Degussa GmbH under the names Aerosil ® R812, R8128, R202, MS202 and R805.
- silicas comprising the group represented by formula (I), formula (III) or a combination thereof.
- Silica of the octylsilane type and comprising the group represented by formula (III) is sold, for example, under the name Aerosil ® R805 and silica of the hexamethyldisilazane type and comprising the group represented by formula (I) is sold, for example, under the name Aerosil ® R812S.
- the size of the silica-based particles used in this invention has no particular limitation save that the particles are necessarily smaller than the size of the micro-cluster.
- the particles in an unbundled state will have a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 100 nm, more preferably 1 to 50 nm and most preferably 3 to 13 nm.
- the particles are present as microclusters.
- the microcluster has a diameter of at least 1 nm and preferably at least 10 nm, more preferably at least 50 nm, more preferably still at least 100 nm and most preferably at least 150 nm.
- the microcluster has a diameter of no greater than 400 nm, preferably less than 300 nm, more preferably less than 275 nm, more preferably still less than 250 nm and most preferably less than 225 nm.
- the composition preferably comprises the silica-based particles in an amount from 0.25 to 10%, and more preferably from 0.5 to 5%, and most preferably from 1 to 3% by weight based on total weight of composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.
- the silicone for use in the present invention is typically liquid in pure form at room temperature (25 °C). Silicone fluids (or oils) are widely commercially available from manufacturers such as Dow Corning or Blue Star Silicones.
- each R is independently H or a C1-4 alkyl (preferably methyl); each R 1 is independently OR, CMS alkyl (preferably methyl) or an aryl group (preferably phenyl) where R is as previously defined; and n is an integer from 1 to 1 ,200.
- dimethicones polydimethylsiloxane
- those available under the trade name Xiameter ® are dimethicones (polydimethylsiloxane) such as those available under the trade name Xiameter ® .
- the present inventors have found that by including a silicone having a certain viscosity in the composition of the invention, coatings can be provided which have good durability, especially in terms of peel and/or scratch resistance.
- the silicone has a viscosity of at least 30 cSt, preferably at least 75 cSt, more preferably at least 100 cSt, more preferably still at least 150 cSt and most preferably least 250 cSt. If the viscosity of the silicone is too high the composition may become difficult to apply to a surface and/or the resulting coating may be less transparent.
- the silicone has a viscosity of less than 5000 cSt, more preferably less than 1000 cSt, more preferably still less than 750 cSt, even more preferably less than 500 cSt and most preferably less than 300 cSt.
- silicones employed in the present invention typically have a refractive index which is close to that of silica-based particles.
- the silicone has a refractive index n s and the ratio (np n s ) of n p to n s is within the range 0.9 to 1.1 , more preferably in the range 0.92 to 1.08, even more preferably from 0.93 to 1.07, and most preferably in the range 0.95 to 1.05.
- the refractive index of the silicone (n s ) is in the range 1.3 to 1.6, more preferably 1.38 to 1.50, even more preferably 1.39 to 1.47 and most preferably 1.40 to 1.45.
- silicone can increase the durability of coatings made from compositions comprising microcluster of silica-based particles even when used in relatively small amounts.
- the weight ratio of amount of silicone to the amount of silica-based particles (silicone:particles) present in the composition may be in the range 1 :0.5 to 1 :30, more preferably in the range 1 :1 to 1 :20 and most preferably in the range 1 :1.5 to 1 :15.
- the composition may comprise silicone in an amount of from 0.05 to 10% by weight, more preferably from 0.07 to 7%, more preferably still from 0.1 to 5% and most preferably from 0.2 to 3%.
- the composition additionally comprises solvent. Often solvent will make up the balance of the composition but optional ingredients such as colourants, preservatives and the like may also be present in the composition.
- the composition may comprise the solvent in an amount, for example, of from 50 to 99.9% by weight, more preferably from 70 to 99%, more preferably still from 80 to 98% by weight, and most preferably from 90 to 97% by weight.
- volatile solvents i.e. solvents which have a measurable vapour pressure at 25 °C. More preferred are solvents which have a vapour pressure at least equal to that of pure water at 25 °C. Volatile solvents are preferred because of their tendency to evaporate quickly and so leave behind a coating consisting of (or at least consisting essentially of) silica-based particles and silicone.
- n a refractive index close to that of the silica particles.
- the solvent has a refractive index n a in the range 1.2 to 1.6, more preferably 1.3 to 1.5.
- the ratio (np n a ) of n p to n a is within the range 0.9 to 1.1 , more preferably in the range 0.93 to 1.07.
- Particularly preferred solvents, owing to their relative safety and high volatility, are polar organic solvent, more preferably Ci-C 4 alcohol.
- the solvent comprises methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol or a mixture thereof.
- the solvent may additionally or alternatively comprise water, preferably in an amount of at least 5% by weight of the composition, more preferably at least 10%, more preferably still at least 20% and most preferably at least 30%.
- water has poor compatibility with silicone and so it is preferred that the amount of water in the composition is less than 80% by weight of the composition, more preferably less than 75% and most preferably less than 70%.
- polar organic solvent may be used to improve the compatibility of silicone with water.
- the solvent comprises polar organic solvent
- the solvent comprises polar organic solvent and water in a weight ratio of solvent:water of from 10: 1 to 1 : 10, even more preferably from 5:1 to 1 :5, more preferably still from 2:1 to 1 :4 and most preferably from 1 :1 to 1 :3.
- the composition may comprise emulsifier.
- emulsifiers may interfere with the clustering and/or surface properties of the silica-based particles and/or may cause the silicone to be emulsified into droplets which scatter light and cause opacity.
- the composition is essentially free from emulsifier.
- the composition preferably comprises less than 1 % emulsifier by weight of the composition, more preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably still less than 0.1 %, even more preferably less than 0.01 % and most preferably from 0 to 0.001 %.
- composition of this invention may be useful for preparing long-lasting or even permanent coating.
- the composition may comprise an overprint varnish or may be a premix suitable for combining with an overprint varnish.
- Suitable compositions and varnishes are described in our co-pending International Patent Application with application no. PCT/CN2011/000842 filed on 16 May 2011 and which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the composition may be a premix suitable for preparing an overprint varnish and comprising:
- hexamethyldisilazane-modified silica particles such as Aerosil R812
- alkylpolysiloxane oligomer such as Bluestar BP9400
- isopropyl alcohol 50 parts by weight hexamethyldisilazane-modified silica particles (such as Aerosil R812), 50 parts by weight alkylpolysiloxane oligomer (such as Bluestar BP9400), and 786 parts by weight isopropyl alcohol; or
- hexamethyldisilazane-modified silica particles such as Aerosil R812
- alkylpolysiloxane oligomer such as Bluestar BP9400
- isopropyl alcohol or
- hexamethyldisilazane-modified silica particles such as Aerosil R812
- dimethicone such as Dow Corning D200
- 786 parts by weight isopropyl alcohol or
- hexamethyldisilazane-modified silica particles such as Aerosil R812
- 50 parts by weight reactive siloxane polymer such as Dow Corning SL-7588
- 786 parts by weight isopropyl alcohol or
- hexamethyldisilazane-modified silica particles such as Aerosil R812
- alkylpolysiloxane oligomer such as Bluestar BP9400
- octane 15 parts by weight emulsifier (such as OP-10)
- OP-10 emulsifier
- composition may be a composition other than one comprising the specific combinations (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) or (v) of particle, silicone and solvent disclosed above.
- the composition does not form a permanent coating on application and is preferably free from varnish.
- the composition of the present invention is preferably used to treat a hard surface, especially to aid cleaning or soil-resistance of the hard surface.
- Hard surface for the purposes of the present invention means any surface comprising a hard material such as glass, glazed ceramics, metal, stone, plastics, lacquer, wood, or combination thereof.
- the hard surface is in a household including window, kitchen, bathroom, toilet, furniture, floor, or the like.
- the hard surface comprises, or is, glass.
- the composition may be packed in any form, but preferably is packaged as a conventional hard surface treatment or cleaning product.
- the preferred packaging is a spray applicator. Pump dispersers (whether spray or non-spray pumps) and pouring applications (bottles etc) are also possible. It is also possible to impregnate a wipe with the composition.
- composition of the invention may be made in any convenient way.
- the composition is prepared by a process comprising the step of combining, in no particular order, the silica-based particles, at least a first part of the solvent and the silicone to provide a mixture.
- the solvent comprises polar organic solvent it is preferred that the first part of the solvent comprises the polar organic solvent. In this way good mixing of the components is achieved owing to the miscibility of the silicone and polar organic solvent.
- a second part of the solvent may be added to the mixture, if desired.
- the second part of the solvent comprises (and most preferably is) water.
- the composition of the invention is used to prepare a superhydrophobic coating.
- the method for making a superhydrophobic coating on a surface preferably comprises the steps of applying the composition to a surface and allowing the composition to dry.
- the coating will comprise less than 30% solvent by weight of the coating, more preferably less than 20%, more preferably still less than 10% and most preferably from 0.001 to 5%.
- the coating is superhydrophobic.
- the coating may display a contact angle for water of at least 145 degrees or even from 150 to 160 degrees.
- the coating may display a sliding angle for water of less than 15 degrees or even from 0.1 to 10 degrees.
- the coating is typically at least translucent and often transparent.
- the coating may display a transmittance value of at least 80%, more preferably at least 85% and most preferably from 87 to 95%.
- the surface is preferably a hard surface, especially a hard surface in a household including the window, kitchen, bathroom, toilet, furniture, floor, or the like or any surface in car, ship, or airplane including windows, mirrors, sinks, basins, toilet bowls, baths/shower trays, wall tiles, floor tiles, cooker tops, oven interiors, cookware, washing machine drums, cooker hoods, extractor fans.
- These surfaces for example, may be made of glass, glazed ceramics, metal, stone, plastics, lacquer, wood, or combination thereof.
- the composition according to the invention is applied to coat the hard surface of window, kitchen, bathroom, and/or toilet.
- the surface is, or comprises, glass.
- the coating is applied to the hard surface; stains and/or soil is then allowed to deposit on the coating; and the surface is then cleaned to remove the stains and/or soil.
- a composition according to the invention is also applied to the surface during and/or after the step of cleaning to remove the stains and/or soil.
- Aerosil ® R812S was hexamethyldisilazane-modified silica particles (average primary particle size 7 nm) supplied by Evonic AG.
- Aerosol ® R805 was octylsilane-modified silica particles (average primary particle size 12 nm) supplied by Evonic AG.
- Aerosol R974 was dichlorodimethylsilane-modified silica particles (average primary particle size 12 nm) supplied by Evonic AG.
- Aerosol ® R972 was dichlorodimethylsilane-modified silica particles (average primary particle size 16 nm) from Evonic AG.
- RHODORSIL ® BP9400 was alkylpolysiloxane oligomer from Bluestar Silicones and had a refractive index of 1.42.
- DSA 100 Drop shape analysis system 100
- Kruss was used to measure contact angle and sliding angle.
- DSA 100 with the tilting table maximum utilization of field of view up to 90 degrees was used for sliding angle test using deionised water drops of around 5 ⁇ _ applied to five different points of each film and the sliding angle averaged over all 5 drops.
- the visible light transmittance of the superhydrophobic coating was measured by a UV-Vis spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer Lambda 650S).
- compositions were prepared with various amounts of silica-based particles (Aerosil ® R812S), silicone (RHODORSIL ® BP9400) and solvent (ethanol or isopropanol). These compositions and the contact angle (CA) and sliding angle (SA) of the films remaining after drying the compositions on a surface are shown in Table 1.
- the highest contact angle of film prepared without silica-based particles was about 110 degrees. SEM images of these films showed a smooth and compact surface and so hydrophobicity of the film is mainly attributed to low surface energy of silicone.
- the film prepared without silicone (sample 5) was superhydrophobic and SEM images of the film showed the fumed silica particles assembled into a hierarchical structure.
- This example demonstrates the effect of silicone on the size of microclusters of silica- based particles dispersed in ethanol.
- Dispersions were prepared containing 2 wt% Aerosil ® R812S in ethanol either with or without 0.8 wt% RHODORSIL ® BP9400.
- the average size (z-average) of the aggregates in the dispersion containing silicone was 248 nm whilst for the dispersion without silicone the size was 196 nm.
- the silicone acts to produce larger microclusters but the microclusters are still of a size below the wavelength of visible light.
- Dispersions were prepared containing 2 wt% silica particles in ethanol with 0.8 wt% dimethicone fluid with various viscosities. Particle size was measured in the dispersions whilst transmittance and contact angle were detemnined on the dried films. The results are shown in Table 2.
- silica aggregates in dispersion increase as silicone viscosity increases.
- the average size of silica aggregates changes from 180 nm to 237 nm when silicone changes from DC 5 to DC 350 and the smaller silica aggregates in dispersion lead to higher transparency of film.
- the average size of silica aggregates increases from 257 nm to 278 nm when silicone changes from DC 5 to DC 350 but there is no clear relationship between the average size of silica clusters and the transparency of film.
- Dispersions were prepared containing 2 wt% silica particles in ethanol with 0.8 wt% dimethicone fluid (DC 200). Particle size was measured in the dispersions whilst transmittance and contact angle were determined on the dried films. The results are shown in Table 4.
- HDMS hexamethyldisilazane
- OTS octylsilane
- DDS dichlorodimethylsilane. All films were superhydrophobic but the films containing DDS modified fumed silica were less hydrophobic than those made with HDMS or OTS-modified fumed silica.
- This example demonstrates superhydrophobic films made from dispersions wherein the solvent comprises water.
- Dispersions were prepared as follows:
- compositions suitable for use as overprint varnishes demonstrates compositions suitable for use as overprint varnishes.
- This varnish was made in a manner similar to Varnish 7A except that twenty five (25) grams of silica (Aerosil R812, particle size 7 nm) was used with twenty-five (25) grams of titanium dioxide (particle size 100 nm).
- Varnish 7D This varnish was made in a manner similar to Varnish 7A except that ten (10) grams of D200 silicone, made commercially available by Dow Corning, was used in lieu of the polydimethylsiloxane made available by Bluestar.
- Varnish 7D ten (10) grams of D200 silicone, made commercially available by Dow Corning, was used in lieu of the polydimethylsiloxane made available by Bluestar.
- This varnish was made in a manner similar to Varnish 7A except that fifty (50) grams of silicone (SL-7588 made commercially available by Dow Corning) and two (2) grams of silane-based cross-linking agent was used.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne une composition capable de fournir un revêtement superhydrophobe. La composition comprend un solvant, de la silicone et un micro-agrégat de particules à base de silice. La silicone a une viscosité d'au moins 30 cSt et le micro-agrégat a un diamètre de 1 nm à 400 nm.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CNPCT/CN2011/000842 | 2011-05-16 | ||
CN2011000842 | 2011-05-16 | ||
CNPCT/CN2011/001720 | 2011-10-14 | ||
CN2011001720 | 2011-10-14 |
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WO2012156173A1 true WO2012156173A1 (fr) | 2012-11-22 |
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PCT/EP2012/057242 WO2012156173A1 (fr) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-04-20 | Revêtement superhydrophobe |
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Cited By (6)
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US20120101191A1 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-04-26 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Thermosetting resin composition for sealing packing of semiconductor, and semiconductor device |
ES2548066A1 (es) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-13 | Bsh Electrodomésticos España, S.A. | Placa de aparato doméstico con una placa base de aparato doméstico y una unidad de capas superficiales |
EP3351426A1 (fr) * | 2017-01-18 | 2018-07-25 | The Boeing Company | Plateaux de table plateau |
US20180244862A1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2018-08-30 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Powder compositions, method of preparing articles and coatings from the powder compositions, and articles prepared therefrom |
US11203189B2 (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2021-12-21 | Bemis Company, Inc. | Heat-seal lid with non-heat sealing layer and hydrophobic overcoat |
CN114958040A (zh) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-08-30 | 电子科技大学 | 一种抗老化性的高效辐射制冷涂料及其制备方法 |
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US20180244862A1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2018-08-30 | Sabic Global Technologies B.V. | Powder compositions, method of preparing articles and coatings from the powder compositions, and articles prepared therefrom |
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