WO2012155213A1 - Cartouche de chaux sodée - Google Patents

Cartouche de chaux sodée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012155213A1
WO2012155213A1 PCT/AU2012/000558 AU2012000558W WO2012155213A1 WO 2012155213 A1 WO2012155213 A1 WO 2012155213A1 AU 2012000558 W AU2012000558 W AU 2012000558W WO 2012155213 A1 WO2012155213 A1 WO 2012155213A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cartridge
soda lime
canister
container
gas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2012/000558
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Philip Stuart Esnouf
Original Assignee
Ulco Medical Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2011901929A external-priority patent/AU2011901929A0/en
Application filed by Ulco Medical Pty Ltd filed Critical Ulco Medical Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2012155213A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012155213A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/22—Carbon dioxide-absorbing devices ; Other means for removing carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B19/00—Cartridges with absorbing substances for respiratory apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a soda lime cartridge. More particularly, the invention relates to a soda lime cartridge which can be used in an anaesthetic machine.
  • Soda lime is used in breathing circuits to remove carbon dioxide from patient's expired gas. It is a granular material consisting mainly of calcium hydroxide with small amounts of sodium and potassium hydroxide. It is normally stored in airtight containers to prevent it reacting with low concentrations of carbon dioxide in room air.
  • One specific use for soda lime is within an anaesthetic breathing circuit. It is common for the patient to re- breath their expiratory gas this arrangement this allows volatile anaesthetic agents to be conserved and oxygen to be replenished and maintained, whilst the carbon dioxide is removed by the soda lime.
  • soda lime was held in a canister, which is a removable container designed to allow passage of the expiratory gas thought the soda lime.
  • the gas generally being reticulated from below up through the soda lime.
  • Most soda lime has a visual indicator to show when its capacity to absorb carbon dioxide is exhausted. Once the soda lime is exhausted the canister is removed the soda lime emptied to waste, and the container cleaned and in some cases sterilized. The canister is then refilled with soda lime.
  • Soda lime is caustic and has a tendency to produce dust from the granular calcium hydroxide. In recent years this has been identified as an occupational health and safety concern. Exposure to the dust or granules can cause skin irritation and inhalation can be injurious.
  • soda lime in sealed single use canisters in order to remove the requirement to fill the canister by hospital staff. This has added significantly to the cost of this material. Depending on the type of disposable canister current pricing represents a 5-10 fold increase in the cost of providing this material.
  • the cost of soda lime is a recurring cost for a hospital to provide anaesthesia.
  • the cost of the single use container that houses the soda lime is a significant contributor to this increased expense.
  • This container is of significant expense is because it requires significant structural strength and rigidity in order to interface with the canister holder and provide a reliable gas tight seal for the efferent and afferent gas pathways.
  • Most interfaces use mechanical compression to provide this seal hence the single use canister has to be sufficiently strong to withstand such compression without distortion.
  • An object of the present invention is a low cost insert that contains the soda lime in a prefilled fashion and allows for simple handling without the risk of exposure to the soda lime and can be placed within the existing reusable soda line canister.
  • a soda lime cartridge for use in an anaesthetic machine which includes means for receiving a soda lime canister and has ah expiratory port for receiving expiration gas from a patient and an inspiratory port for supplying gas to the patient, the cartridge including a light weight container which is of complementary shape to the canister, the cartridge including soda lime therein, the cartridge further including inlet and outlet ports, the arrangement being such that the expiration gas in use passes through the inlet ports, through the soda lime to the outlet ports, and means for preventing escape of granules of soda lime through the inlet and outlet ports.
  • the canister is clamped within the anaesthetic machine and has to be robust enough to withstand the clamping forces required to maintain the seals for the various gas paths.
  • the cartridge of the invention With the cartridge of the invention, it is received within the canister and does not need to withstand the clamping forces applied to the canister and therefore it can be made of very light weight material.
  • the container for the cartridge is made from plastics material and has a wall thickness in the range from 0.1 to 0.8mm and preferably about 0.2 to 0.4mm.
  • the container for the cartridge is made from transparent material.
  • the container for the cartridge has a weight in the range from 20 to 50 grams (for a volume of about 1 litre).
  • the container includes an outer flange which in use engages the interior of the canister and forms a seal therewith.
  • the outer wall of the container is cylindrical and the outer flange is formed generally centrally thereof and, in use, sealingly engages the interior surface of the canister.
  • the flange is resiliently or plastically deformed when it is inserted in the canister so as to form the seal therewith.
  • the container is generally cylindrical in shape and has cylindrical sidewalls and top and bottom walls.
  • the inlet ports are located in the bottom wall and the outlet ports are located in the top wall.
  • the means for preventing escape of granules of the soda lime comprise layers of porous material located inwardly adjacent to the top and bottom walls, the porous material being chosen to permit free flow of gas therethrough.
  • the porous material comprises a sheet of thin open cell foam material such as polyurethane and/or polyester foam.
  • the porous material may be in the form of a fine nylon mesh having a mesh size of about 1mm.
  • the container is formed by moulding two identical components which are then joined together at said outer flange.
  • the components are initially formed from a sheet of PVC material having a thickness of say 0.45mm, the sheet being heat and/or vacuum formed in a mould. The components are then joined together by means of welding such as RF welding or by use of a bonding material or the like.
  • PVC sheet material is preferred because it is readily available and inexpensive.
  • Other alternative materials would include acrylic, polycarbonate, PETj polyurethane, polystyrene or ABS.
  • the cartridge of the invention is designed to be a single use cartridge which can be handled by hospital staff without significant risk of exposure to soda lime. Further, the cartridge being made with a very light weight material is environmentally friendly because the amount of material being discarded is relatively small. For instance, the weight of the container is typically about 30 grams. In contrast, the weight of a single use canister would be normally in the range 150 to 200 grams for a similar size.
  • the cartridge of the invention is also much cheaper than the single use canisters which not only have substantially more plastics material needed for their robust construction but they are relatively difficult to mould as well and this contributes to their cost.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic view of a soda lime canister holder which forms part of an anaesthetic machine
  • FIGURE 2 shows the canister holder with the clamping mechanism open
  • FIGURE 3 shows the canisters being removed from the canister holder
  • FIGURE 4 is a schematic view through the canister and canister holder showing the gas pathways
  • FIGURE 5 is an exploded view showing a cartridge about to be inserted in a canister
  • FIGURE 6 shows the cartridge inserted within the canister
  • FIGURE 7 is a schematic side view of the canister and cartridge
  • FIGURE 8 is a plan view of the canister and cartridge
  • FIGURE 9 is an underside view of the canister and cartridge
  • FIGURE 10 is a cross-sectional view along the line 10-10;
  • FIGURE 11 is an enlarged view of the flange of the cartridge engaging the inner wall of the canister
  • FIGURE 12 is an isometric view of a component which forms half of the container of the cartridge
  • FIGURE 13 is a schematic view of the component
  • FIGURE 14 is a side view of the component
  • FIGURE 15 is a plan view of the component
  • FIGURE 16 is a schematic cross -sectional view along the line 16-16;
  • FIGURE 17 is an exploded view showing two of the components prior to joining
  • FIGURE 18 shows an empty canister made from two of the components
  • FIGURE 19 is an isometric view of a cartridge of the invention.
  • FIGURE 20 is a side view of the cartridge
  • FIGURE 21 is a plan view of the cartridge.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show a canister holder 2 which is designed to use two 1kg canisters of soda lime ULCO AB800 canisters.
  • the canister holder includes a main body 4.
  • the canister holder 2 forms part of a known anaesthetic machine such as an ULCO Elite PSV and SIGNT models and therefore need not be described in detail. Briefly, it includes a main body 4 from which extends a clamping yoke 6.
  • An operating lever 8 is mounted at the bottom of the yoke 6 and is arranged to force a clamping bar 10 upwardly so as to clamp two canisters 12 into the underside of the main body 4.
  • the canisters 12 are configured so that they are complementary to ports in the main body 4 so as to form the gas pathways.
  • the main body 4 includes an expiratory port 14 for receiving expired gas from the patient.
  • the gas may include some condensed liquid but it is to be understood that in the remainder of the specification the use of the word "gas" is to refer generally to the expiration products from the patient.
  • the main body 4 also includes an inspiratory port 16 which is connected to the gas pathways for supplying anaesthetic gas to the patient.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic illustration of the gas pathways within the canister 12.
  • the canister 12 includes a cylindrical sidewall 18, annular, perforated bottom wall 19 and a tubular inner wall 21 which is open at its top.
  • soda lime granules 23 are located in the annular space between the sidewall 18 and the inner wall 21.
  • a bottom plate 20 is fitted to the underside of the canister 12 so as to form a seal therewith.
  • the canister has a downwardly depending cylindrical skirt 22, the lower edge of which has a groove 17 which receives an O-ring 24.
  • the O-ring 24 forms a seal with a groove in the bottom plate 20.
  • the plate 20 includes an upwardly extending hollow post 26 which sealingly engages a top plate 28.
  • the arrangement is such that an operator manually places the soda lime granules 23 in the canister.
  • the bottom plate 20 is then fitted to the bottom of the canister and it is placed either singly or in pairs in the canister holder 2.
  • the lever 8 is then operated so that the clamping bar 10 engages the underside of the bottom plate 20 so as to force the upper parts of the canister into sealing engagement with the top plate 28.
  • the top plate 28 includes an O-ring 30 for sealingly engaging the upper edge of the cylindrical sidewall 18 and an O-ring 32 for sealingly engaging the hollow post 26. Expiratory gases are supplied to the port 14 and then pass through ducts in the plate
  • the post has ports 33 which permits the gas to then enter a chamber 34 formed between the bottom wall 19 of the canister and the plate 20 and then pass upwardly through the perforations in the bottom wall through the soda lime granules.
  • carbon dioxide is removed by the granules as the expiratory gases pass therethrough. The gases are then collected in an upper chamber 36 from where they can pass to the inspiratory port 16 through suitable ducts in the plate 28.
  • the invention provides a cartridge 40 which contains the soda lime granules and which is of generally complementary configuration to the canister 12 so that it can be simply inserted therein and removed therefrom by hospital staff without direct exposure to the soda lime.
  • Figures 5 to 11 show details of the way in which a cartridge 40 of the invention can be located within a canister 12 and Figures 19 to 21 show more details of the cartridge.
  • the cartridge 40 includes a lightweight container 42 having a generally cylindrical sidewall 43 formed with a central projecting flange 44.
  • the top wall 46 of the cartridge includes a plurality of ports 48 as best shown in Figure 8.
  • the cartridge has a bottom wall 50 which is provided with similar ports 52.
  • the cartridge includes an inner tubular wall 54 which extends between the top and bottom walls 46 and 50.
  • the cartridge can be moulded from sheet plastics material by blow moulding of the like. PVC is quite suitable but other alternative materials would include acrylic, polycarbonate, PET, polyurethane, polystyrene or ABS.
  • the wall thickness for the sheet material is in the range from 0.1mm to 0.8mm and more preferably in the range from 0.2mm to 0.5mm:
  • the cartridge 40 is located within the canister 12 so that its bottom wall 50 is seated on the bottom wall 19 of the canister.
  • the post 26 of the canister passes through the tubular wall 54 of the cartridge.
  • the flange 44 which is shown in more detail in Figure 11 , engages the inner face of the sidewall 18 of the canister. Normally, the inner face of the sidewall of the canister is tapered upwardly by about 2° to 3° owing to the injection moulding process.
  • the arrangement is such that when the cartridge 40 of the invention is placed in the canister the flange 44 will engage the inner face of the sidewall 18 and the operator presses downwardly so as to elastically or plastically deform the flange 44 so as to form an effective seal against the inner face of the sidewall 18. This ensures that gas passes through the soda lime granules within the cartridge rather than through any gap between the sidewall 43 of the cartridge and inner face of the sidewall 18 of the canister, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the cartridge 40 includes an inner flange 45 projecting inwardly from the inner tubular wall 54.
  • the inner flange 45 is pressed against the outer surface of the tubular inner wall 21 of the canister.
  • the tubular inner wall 21 of the canister is normally tapered by about 2° or 3° owing to the moulding process and consequently the inner flange 45 will plastically or elastically engage the outer surface of the inner wall 21 so as to form a seal therewith.
  • the engagement of the flanges 45 and 44 with adjacent parts of the canister ensures that substantially all of the flow of gas takes place through the soda lime granules rather than gaps between the cartridge and the canister. It will be appreciated that these seals need not be perfect because even if they are not gas tight, substantially all of the gas will pass through the soda lime granules, as required.
  • Figures 12 to 16 show a component 60, two of which can be joined together to form the lightweight container 42 of the cartridge 40.
  • the component 60 is of generally hollow cylindrical construction having an outer cylindrical sidewall 62, annular bottom wall 64 which joins with an upstanding inner cylindrical wall 66.
  • the outer cylindrical wall 62 is formed with an outwardly projecting flange 68 provided with a downwardly extending lip 70.
  • the inner cylindrical wall 66 is formed with an inwardly directed flange 72 having a downwardly extending lip 74.
  • the bottom wall 64 is formed with strengthening ribs 76 and a plurality of holes 78 punched out between the ribs 76.
  • the component 60 is formed from an initially flat
  • PVC sheet having a thickness of 0.45mm and is heat or vacuum formed in a mould (not shown) so as to be moulded into the shape as shown in Figures 12 to 16. It is then trimmed and the holes 78 punched in the bottom wall 64.
  • the sidewalls will have a thickness in the range from 0.1mm to 0.4mm as a result of the moulding process. It will be appreciated that other moulding techniques could be used.
  • the component is of very lightweight, relatively flimsy construction. It is - Si - somewhat similar structurally to punnets used for strawberries or other berry fruits.
  • the number of holes 78 is chosen so as to provide for adequate flow of gases through the completed cartridge. In the illustrated arrangement there are three holes 78 between each of the ribs 76. Each of the holes is about 7mm in diameter. It is preferred that the total area of the holes is about 20% to 40% of the area of the annular bottom wall 64 of the component.
  • Figure 17 shows two of the components 60 juxtaposed to one another with upper and lower layers 80 and 82 of porous material between them.
  • the layers 80 and 82 are annular in shape and are arranged to overlie the bottom wall 64 of each of the components.
  • the layers Preferably, the layers have a thickness in the range from 3 -5mm and are open cell polyurethane and/or polyester foam. Alternatively, mesh or fabric could be used.
  • the layers 80 and 82 are such that they are snugly fitted within the components so that they will not be displaced from their positions adjacent to the bottom wall 64. This can be accomplished by arranging for the openings 83 and 84 thereof to be slightly smaller than the diameters of the inner cylindrical walls 66.
  • Figure 18 shows the two components 60 joined together to form an empty container 42 for the cartridge. More particularly, the outer flanges 68 of the two components are joined together such as by RF welding and the inner flanges 72 are also joined together by RF welding. Other joining techniques would of course be possible.
  • the joined flanges 72 and lip 74 form the outer flange 44 shown in Figure 11.
  • the inner flanges 72 and lips 74 form the inner flange 45 shown in Figure 10.
  • the cartridge is completed by introducing the required quantity of granular soda lime through the filling hole 92 formed in the outer cylindrical wall 62 into the interior of the cartridge container 42 so as to form the depleted cartridge 40 as shown in Figures 19 to 21.
  • a self-adhesive label 94 can be placed over the filling hole 92 to prevent escape of soda lime granules therethrough.
  • the cartridge includes a handle 96 which is made of flexible material.
  • the handle can be made from a strip of reinforced adhesive backed material, the ends of which are connected to the sidewalls of the container 90.
  • the handle 96 can be used to lower the cartridge 40 into the canister 12 and to assist in removing the cartridge from the canister.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une cartouche de chaux sodée utilisée dans un appareil d'anesthésie qui comporte des moyens permettant de loger une boîte de chaux sodée et qui possède un orifice d'expiration qui reçoit le gaz d'expiration provenant du patient et un orifice d'inspiration pour fournir du gaz audit patient, la cartouche comportant un récipient léger qui est de forme complémentaire à celle de la boîte ainsi que de la chaux sodée; la cartouche comporte en outre des orifices d'admission et de sortie, leur disposition étant telle que le gaz d'expiration utilisé traverse les orifices d'admission puis la chaux sodée jusqu'aux orifices de sortie, et des moyens qui permettent d'empêcher la perte de granules de chaux sodée par les orifices d'admission et de sortie.
PCT/AU2012/000558 2011-05-18 2012-05-18 Cartouche de chaux sodée WO2012155213A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2011901929 2011-05-18
AU2011901929A AU2011901929A0 (en) 2011-05-18 Soda lime cartridge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012155213A1 true WO2012155213A1 (fr) 2012-11-22

Family

ID=47176055

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2012/000558 WO2012155213A1 (fr) 2011-05-18 2012-05-18 Cartouche de chaux sodée

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012155213A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111840729A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-10-30 西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院 一种麻醉机用钠石灰效用检测装置及其检测方法
US11376390B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2022-07-05 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for generating nitric oxide
US11478601B2 (en) 2019-05-15 2022-10-25 Third Pole, Inc. Electrodes for nitric oxide generation
US11479464B2 (en) 2019-05-15 2022-10-25 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for generating nitric oxide
US11497878B2 (en) 2014-10-20 2022-11-15 The General Hospital Corporation Systems and methods for synthesis of nitric oxide
US11524134B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2022-12-13 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for ambulatory generation of nitric oxide
US11617850B2 (en) 2016-03-25 2023-04-04 The General Hospital Corporation Delivery systems and methods for electric plasma synthesis of nitric oxide
US11691879B2 (en) 2020-01-11 2023-07-04 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for nitric oxide generation with humidity control
US11827989B2 (en) 2020-06-18 2023-11-28 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for preventing and treating infections with nitric oxide
US11833309B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2023-12-05 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for generating nitric oxide
US11975139B2 (en) 2021-09-23 2024-05-07 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for delivering nitric oxide

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3047370A (en) * 1959-07-28 1962-07-31 Grace W R & Co Transparent soda lime cartridge
US3707965A (en) * 1970-10-22 1973-01-02 C Guzay Carbon dioxide absorber apparatus
US5919362A (en) * 1997-04-28 1999-07-06 Cuno, Inc. Expandable encapsulated filter cartridge assembly
US20020023642A1 (en) * 1995-09-12 2002-02-28 Dan Holmsten Device for anaesthetic systems
US20060231092A1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2006-10-19 Mashak James N Carbon dioxide absorber canister attachment
GB2453594A (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-04-15 Molecular Products Group Plc A filter unit for a closed breathing circuit

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3047370A (en) * 1959-07-28 1962-07-31 Grace W R & Co Transparent soda lime cartridge
US3707965A (en) * 1970-10-22 1973-01-02 C Guzay Carbon dioxide absorber apparatus
US20020023642A1 (en) * 1995-09-12 2002-02-28 Dan Holmsten Device for anaesthetic systems
US5919362A (en) * 1997-04-28 1999-07-06 Cuno, Inc. Expandable encapsulated filter cartridge assembly
US20060231092A1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2006-10-19 Mashak James N Carbon dioxide absorber canister attachment
GB2453594A (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-04-15 Molecular Products Group Plc A filter unit for a closed breathing circuit

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11497878B2 (en) 2014-10-20 2022-11-15 The General Hospital Corporation Systems and methods for synthesis of nitric oxide
US11617850B2 (en) 2016-03-25 2023-04-04 The General Hospital Corporation Delivery systems and methods for electric plasma synthesis of nitric oxide
US11376390B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2022-07-05 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for generating nitric oxide
US11911566B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2024-02-27 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for ambulatory generation of nitric oxide
US11833309B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2023-12-05 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for generating nitric oxide
US11524134B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2022-12-13 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for ambulatory generation of nitric oxide
US11554240B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2023-01-17 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for ambulatory generation of nitric oxide
US11479464B2 (en) 2019-05-15 2022-10-25 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for generating nitric oxide
US11478601B2 (en) 2019-05-15 2022-10-25 Third Pole, Inc. Electrodes for nitric oxide generation
US11691879B2 (en) 2020-01-11 2023-07-04 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for nitric oxide generation with humidity control
US11827989B2 (en) 2020-06-18 2023-11-28 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for preventing and treating infections with nitric oxide
CN111840729A (zh) * 2020-08-26 2020-10-30 西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院 一种麻醉机用钠石灰效用检测装置及其检测方法
US11975139B2 (en) 2021-09-23 2024-05-07 Third Pole, Inc. Systems and methods for delivering nitric oxide

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