WO2012150218A1 - Profilés en matière plastique et procédé de production - Google Patents

Profilés en matière plastique et procédé de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012150218A1
WO2012150218A1 PCT/EP2012/057921 EP2012057921W WO2012150218A1 WO 2012150218 A1 WO2012150218 A1 WO 2012150218A1 EP 2012057921 W EP2012057921 W EP 2012057921W WO 2012150218 A1 WO2012150218 A1 WO 2012150218A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibers
plastic
continuous
fiber
reinforced
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/057921
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stephan Schleiermacher
Roger Scholz
Original Assignee
Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh filed Critical Bayer Intellectual Property Gmbh
Publication of WO2012150218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012150218A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/521—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/20—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2311/10—Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/001—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections
    • B29L2031/003—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections having a profiled transverse cross-section
    • B29L2031/005—Profiled members, e.g. beams, sections having a profiled transverse cross-section for making window frames

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to plastic profiles, such as window and door profiles reinforced with fibers, and to a method of making same.
  • Unidirectional fiber-reinforced profiles known as pultrudates, whose fibers are bound by a resin matrix, have particular development potential. They are produced in the pultrusion process, in which endless rovings (continuous fibers) pass through an Impregnierech and subsequently a shaping unit. The transport takes place by grippers or double belts, which pull the finished profile out of the forming unit. These pultrudates are mechanically stable. They withstand static and dynamic loads, burglary attempts and thermal cycling. Particularly common inorganic or ceramic continuous fibers are used. Technically very well developed is the production of glass fibers. They are produced as continuous fibers, are particularly thermally stable and have very good mechanical properties, such as. a tensile strength of the single fiber of 3450 MPa.
  • glass fibers have a relatively high thermal conductivity compared to the common resin materials of 0.8 W / (m-K) versus less than 0.25 W / (m-K). While carbon fibers and metal fibers often outperform glass fibers in tensile strength, their thermal thermal conductivities are 10 times worse. They therefore excrete as fiber material for good insulating profiles.
  • Natural fibers and engineering thermoplastic fibers have lower thermal conductivities than glass.
  • the disadvantages are their significantly lower tensile strengths. Low tensile strength, however, endangers production safety. Since the endless fibers are subjected to tensile stress in the pultrusion process for the entire process duration, the probability of production stoppages increases.
  • EP 1842657 describes a pultruded hollow chamber profile in which glass fiber rovings and glass fiber mats are connected to one another by a polyurethane resin.
  • the profile may contain metal fibers.
  • the high thermal conductivity of glass and the even higher thermal conductivity of metal fibers impairs the insulating effect of such a profile.
  • chambers may be filled with foam which prevents convection in the chambers.
  • Object of the present application was to provide plastic profiles available that can be produced by a simple process and have a high stability and at the same time a high insulation effect.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing unidirectional fiber-reinforced plastic profiles with at least two side cheeks (3 (3 ') and 4 (4')) and at least one longitudinal strut (7 (5 and 6)), which connects the two side cheeks together marked that
  • the at least one longitudinal strut of a blend of the same plastic (K) and endless yarns / twists of natural fibers and / or engineering thermoplastic endless fibers are prepared by pultrusion, wherein the continuous fibers and continuous yarns / twines and / or thermoplastic endless fibers by a bath or a chamber which (s) a molten plastic (K) or a liquid reactive mixture, which ausreagiert to a plastic (K) contains are drawn and impregnated, and the impregnated continuous fibers and continuous yarns / twists and / or Thermoplastendlosmaschinen are formed in a molding unit to the plastic profile.
  • K molten plastic
  • K liquid reactive mixture
  • the plastic (K) is preferably a thermoplastic or a thermosetting plastic obtained from a reactive mixture.
  • thermoplastic is particularly preferably thermoplastic polyurethane and the reactive mixture is a polyurethane reactive mixture.
  • inorganic continuous fibers are referred to as fibers drawn from an inorganic melt, e.g. Basalt fibers and glass fibers. Glass fibers are particularly preferred.
  • Suitable natural fibers are seed fibers, e.g. Cotton and kapok, bast fibers, e.g. bamboo, nettle, hemp, jute, kenaf, linen and ramie, leaf fibers, e.g. Bananas, Caroä, Curauä, New Zealander flax and sisal, as well as fruit fibers, e.g. Coconut.
  • Thermoplastendlosier are fibers of polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile and polymethylmethacrylate.
  • An advantage of the method according to the invention is that a profile with locally different fibers can be produced in one working step.
  • Another object of the invention are unidirectional fiber reinforced, pultruded plastic profiles with at least two side cheeks (3 (3 ') and 4 (4')) and at least one longitudinal strut (7 (5 and 6)), which connects the two side cheeks, characterized that
  • the at least two side cheeks are constructed from a mixture of a plastic (K) and inorganic continuous fibers; and (ii) the at least one longitudinal brace is made from a blend of the same plastic (K) and continuous yarns / twists of natural fibers and / or the engineering thermoplastic endless fibers , ⁇
  • the plastic (K) is preferably a thermoplastic or a thermosetting plastic obtained from a reactive mixture.
  • thermoplastic is particularly preferably thermoplastic polyurethane and the reactive mixture is a polyurethane reactive mixture.
  • the reactive mixture is a polyurethane reactive mixture.
  • the longitudinal strut 7 or in the longitudinal struts (5 and 6) natural fibers and / or organic fibers are used. In a particular embodiment, up to 50% by volume of the natural fibers and / or organic fibers may be replaced by inorganic fibers.
  • the sidewalls 3 (3 ') and 4 (4') contain inorganic fibers, which in a preferred embodiment may be partially replaced by natural fibers and / or organic fibers.
  • the side cheeks 3 (3 ') and 4 (4') basically contain more volume percent of inorganic fibers than the longitudinal strut 7 or the longitudinal struts (5 and 6), preferably at least 10 volume percent, more preferably at least 20 volume percent, most preferably at least 30 Volume percent more.
  • the selection of natural fibers and / or organic fibers with low thermal conductivity reduces the thermal conductivity in the profile.
  • the use of high tensile strength inorganic fibers reduces the likelihood of fiber breakage and increases process reliability in the pultrusion process, particularly when using reactive blends, e.g. Polyurethane reactive mixtures ensured.
  • Another advantage is that the side bolsters are resistant to rots against moisture, microbes or fungi.
  • a further advantage is that the plastic profiles according to the invention can be produced despite the presence of different fibers in a single step.
  • the heat transport by convection in the profile can be further reduced by training several chambers in the profile and / or by foaming the profile or the profile chambers.
  • the unidirectionally fiber-reinforced, pultruded plastic profiles according to the invention are characterized in particular by the fact that the at least one longitudinal strut ((7) (FIGS. 5 and 6)) which connects the two side cheeks to one another leads to the at least two side cheeks (3 (3 ') and 4) (4 ')) has a lower thermal conductivity of at least 0.1 watt / (mK), preferably 0.2 watt / (mK).
  • FIG. 1 shows a frame 1 and a glass pane 2 located in this frame.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-section along the line X-X 'through the frame 1 and the glass pane 2 according to FIG. 1.
  • the frame consists of two side cheeks 3 and 4 and two longitudinal braces 5 and 6.
  • FIG. 3 likewise shows a cross section through a frame 1 and a glass pane 2 according to FIG. 1 with an alternative cross-sectional shape.
  • the frame consists of two side walls 3 'and 4' and a longitudinal strut 7.
  • Component AI Linear polypropylene oxide polyol, hydroxyl number 28 mg KOH / g.
  • Component A2) trifunctional polypropylene oxide polyol with glycerol as starter, hydroxyl number
  • Component A3) trifunctional polypropylene oxide polyol with glycerol as initiator, hydroxyl number 450 mg KOH / g.
  • Component A4) Trifunctional polypropylene oxide polyol with glycerol as starter, hydroxyl number 1050 mg KOH / g.
  • Component B Polymeric MDI with an NCO content of 31.4 wt .-%.
  • Component D Release agent Techlube 550 HB from Technick Products.
  • Component F glass fiber Owens Corning OCF 366 Multiend - 4400 Tex.
  • Component G 50% by weight of Diolen® 174S high-tenacity polyester cord Dtex 3300 f 630 X 7 Z 20
  • the endless glass rovings (endless fibers) first passed through an injection box into which the freshly mixed polyurethane reaction mixture was metered in with a low-pressure metering system with a rotating static mixer.
  • the metering system mixed the components A and C to E with the component B according to the stated proportions of the components of the reaction mixture.
  • the so impregnated fibers passed a first cooled to room temperature zone of the molding unit, which prevents heat flow from the molding unit into the injection box and is connected directly to the injection box.
  • the impregnated fibers passed three successive heating zones of the molding unit (120 ° C, 200 ° C and 180 ° C in the order of enumeration). With the forming unit a rectangular flat profile of 3 mm thickness was produced. The cured profile, which leaves the molding unit, was continuously pulled out of the molding unit by tandem operation horizontally movable gripper and then cut with a saw to length.
  • Reaction mixture 20% by weight
  • the PU pultrudate had 65% by volume of glass fibers and had a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W / (m-K) and a tensile strength of 1300 MPa and a tensile modulus of 51.9 GPa.
  • Reaction mixture and PET fibers in the area were:
  • the area of the PUR pultrudate reinforced only with PET fibers had a thermal conductivity of 0.16 W / (m.K) and a tensile strength of 278 MPa and a tensile modulus of 10.5 GPa.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des profilés en matière plastique, par exemple des profilés pour fenêtres et portes, ces profilés étant renforcés par des fibres. L'invention concerne également le procédé de production de ces profilés. Les profilés contiennent des fibres de deux types différents, notamment des fibres continues inorganiques et des fibres naturelles et/ou des fibres continues thermoplastiques techniques.
PCT/EP2012/057921 2011-05-04 2012-04-30 Profilés en matière plastique et procédé de production WO2012150218A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011075268 2011-05-04
DE102011075268.4 2011-05-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012150218A1 true WO2012150218A1 (fr) 2012-11-08

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021021859A1 (fr) 2019-08-01 2021-02-04 Dow Global Technologies Llc Composition à base de polyuréthane

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5876641A (en) 1995-07-31 1999-03-02 Andersen Corporation In-line process for injection of foam material into a composite profile
EP0902148A2 (fr) 1997-08-04 1999-03-17 SCHÜCO International KG Profilé plein ou creux en matière plastique renforcée de fibres
EP1842657A2 (fr) 2001-06-14 2007-10-10 Omniglass Ltd. Pièce pultrudée renforcée par des fibres longitudinales et transversales et son procédé de fabrication

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5876641A (en) 1995-07-31 1999-03-02 Andersen Corporation In-line process for injection of foam material into a composite profile
EP0902148A2 (fr) 1997-08-04 1999-03-17 SCHÜCO International KG Profilé plein ou creux en matière plastique renforcée de fibres
EP1842657A2 (fr) 2001-06-14 2007-10-10 Omniglass Ltd. Pièce pultrudée renforcée par des fibres longitudinales et transversales et son procédé de fabrication

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SUMERAK J E ET AL: "ASM Handbook , Composites, Pultrusion", 1 December 2001, ASM HANDBOOK - COMPOSITES, ASM INTERNATIONAL, MATERIALS PARK, OHIO ,USA, PAGE(S) 550 - 564, ISBN: 978-0-87170-703-1, XP002539483 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021021859A1 (fr) 2019-08-01 2021-02-04 Dow Global Technologies Llc Composition à base de polyuréthane

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