WO2012133967A1 - 친환경 토너의 제조방법 - Google Patents
친환경 토너의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012133967A1 WO2012133967A1 PCT/KR2011/002299 KR2011002299W WO2012133967A1 WO 2012133967 A1 WO2012133967 A1 WO 2012133967A1 KR 2011002299 W KR2011002299 W KR 2011002299W WO 2012133967 A1 WO2012133967 A1 WO 2012133967A1
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- polyester resin
- toner
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/081—Preparation methods by mixing the toner components in a liquefied state; melt kneading; reactive mixing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0804—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
- G03G9/08742—Binders for toner particles comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/08755—Polyesters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a toner manufacturing method, and more particularly, to a method for producing an environmentally friendly toner having a low residual VOC content, a narrow particle size distribution, excellent low temperature fixability and image quality.
- toner is prepared by adding a colorant, a mold release agent, or the like to a thermoplastic resin serving as a binder resin. Further, in order to impart fluidity to the toner or to improve physical properties such as charge control or cleaning property, fine inorganic metal powders such as silica and titanium oxide may be added to the toner as an external additive.
- toner production methods there are physical methods such as grinding method and chemical methods such as suspension polymerization method and emulsion aggregation method.
- the toner manufacturing method by polymerization in the above chemical methods involves radical polymerization, only vinyl resin can be used as the binder resin. In this case, however, it is difficult to completely terminate the polymerization, so that unreacted monomers, surfactants, and the like remain in the toner particles, thereby deteriorating the charge characteristics of the toner particles.
- polyester resins have advantages such as improved pigment dispersibility, excellent transparency, low fixation temperature, and narrow glass transition temperature than vinyl resins such as styrene-acrylic copolymer resins, binding of toners for high-speed printers or color printers It is suitable as a resin.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 2003-0038317 discloses that a polyester resin, a colorant, a charge control agent and a release agent are dissolved in an organic solvent, a surfactant and other additives are dissolved in an aqueous solvent, and then the two solutions are mixed and emulsified.
- a method of manufacturing a toner which comprises recovering a powder by cooling and washing the emulsion mixture. In this method, it is difficult to remove the organic solvent, and the residual solvent causes a phenomenon of deteriorating the general physical properties of the toner and increasing the residual VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) content in the toner.
- a method of preparing a toner that does not use an organic solvent or in which the used organic solvent can be effectively removed is preferable.
- An example of such a method is a method of preparing a toner after dispersing a polyester resin in an aqueous solution to prepare a dispersion. have.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-39545 discloses a wax and pigment dispersion prepared by dispersing wax and pigment in water, and then adding to the self-dispersed sodium sulfonated polyester emulsion, and then adding an alkali halide solution to the toner particles.
- Disclosed is a method of producing a toner by aggregating and then combining. This method can produce a toner composition without the use of an organic solvent and a surfactant, but the dispersion stability of the pigment is insufficient only by dispersing the pigment using sodium sulfonated polyester, resulting in aggregation of the pigments. , Toner properties such as color reproducibility are not satisfactory.
- the toner composition prepared by this method has a limitation in use because of unstable charging characteristics according to environmental conditions.
- an object of the present invention is to minimize the residual VOC content including residual organic solvent in the polyester resin dispersion to significantly lower the residual VOC content in the toner, and to provide a toner manufacturing method excellent in low temperature fixability and glossiness.
- toner manufacturing method comprising the step of uniting the aggregated toner particles.
- the mixture may be heated at a temperature above the boiling point of the organic solvent in the polyester resin dispersion preparation step.
- According to another embodiment of the present invention may further comprise a washing and drying step after the coalescing step.
- the surfactant may be an anionic surfactant.
- a toner produced by the above method a toner having a VOC content of less than 100 ppm is provided.
- the production method of the present invention it is possible to provide environmentally friendly toner particles having a narrow particle size distribution, excellent low temperature fixability and glossiness, and low residual VOC content.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing an embodiment of a flow curve of a sample by a temperature rising method using a constant load extruded tubular rheometer.
- Method for producing a toner according to an aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of adding a polyester resin and an organic solvent to a polar solvent containing a surfactant and a dispersion stabilizer while stirring to obtain a mixture;
- the toner manufacturing method may further include washing and drying the united toner particles.
- Dispersion manufacturing process can be divided into three categories. That is, polyester resin dispersion preparation, colorant dispersion preparation, and wax dispersion preparation are included.
- a polyester resin and an organic solvent are added to a polar solvent containing a surfactant and a dispersion stabilizer with stirring to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is heated to prepare a polyester resin dispersion having a residual organic solvent content of less than 10,000 ppm.
- the polyester resin dispersion may be prepared in a single reactor to simplify the process and shorten the time required.
- the neutralization of the dispersion by the dispersion stabilizer is uniform, the particle size in the dispersion may be uniform.
- the polar solvent containing the surfactant and the dispersion stabilizer may be prepared by sequentially adding or simultaneously adding the surfactant and the dispersion stabilizer to the polar solvent.
- surfactant a dispersion stabilizer, a polyester resin, and an organic solvent to the polar solvent sequentially in the above order.
- Heating in preparing the polyester resin dispersion may be carried out at a temperature above the boiling point of the organic solvent. The heating can be done for 3 to 15 hours. Through the heating, the content of the organic solvent in the polyester resin dispersion may be less than 10,000 ppm, thereby minimizing the residual VOC content of the resultant toner. It is preferable that the organic solvent content in the said polyester resin dispersion is 5,000 ppm or less.
- the size of the particles in the polyester resin dispersion may be 50 to 300nm .
- the polar solvent includes water, methanol, ethanol, butanol, acetonitrile, acetone, ethyl acetate and the like, and water is most preferred.
- the amount of the polar solvent may be included in an amount of 150 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyester resin used in the present invention is preferably 5,000 to 50,000, and less than 5,000 may adversely affect the storage and fixability of the toner, and may exceed the 50,000 may adversely affect the fixability. have.
- the PDI of the polyester resin is 2 to 10
- the peak molecular weight (MP) measured by gel permeation chromatography is preferably 1,000 to 10,000, and is applied to a constant load extruded tubular rheometer. T 1/2 value may be from 100 °C to 140 °C.
- the peak molecular weight (Mp) in gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is a molecular weight obtained from the peak value of the elution curve obtained by GPC measurement. GPC measurement conditions are as follows.
- the calibration curve was created using standard polystyrene, and the peak molecular weight (Mp) was calculated
- Examples of standard polystyrene samples for calibration curve preparation include TSK standard, A-500 (molecular weight 5.0 ⁇ 10 2 ), A-2500 (molecular weight 2.74 ⁇ 10 3 ), F-2 (molecular weight 1.96 ⁇ 10 4) ), F-20 (molecular weight 1.9 ⁇ 10 5 ), F-40 (molecular weight 3.55 ⁇ 10 5 ), F-80 (molecular weight 7.06 ⁇ 10 5 ), F-128 (molecular weight 1.09 ⁇ 10 6 ), F-288 ( Molecular weight 2.89 ⁇ 10 6 ), F-700 (molecular weight 6.77 ⁇ 10 6 ), and F-2000 (molecular weight 2.0 ⁇ 10 7 ) were used.
- the peak value of the dissolution curve is a point at which the dissolution curve indicates the maximum, and when the maximum value is two or more points, the dissolution curve gives the maximum value.
- the eluent is not particularly limited, and in addition to THF, it is also possible to use a solvent in which the polyester resin is dissolved, such as chloroform.
- the constant-load extruded tubular rheometer is a means for easily measuring the performance of thermal properties, viscosity characteristics, and the like of a resin, and measures the viscous resistance when the melt passes through the tubule.
- the flow tester CFT-500 by Shimadzu Seisakusho is mentioned.
- the measurement by the temperature raising method using this apparatus is carried out by heating up at a constant rate with the passage of the test time, and continuously the process from the solid zone to the transition zone through the transition zone and the rubbery elastic zone Can be measured.
- the shear rate and the viscosity of each temperature in the flow zone can be easily measured.
- the AB region (softening curve) represents the stage in which the sample is deformed under compression weighting and the internal void gradually decreases.
- Point B is a temperature at which the internal void disappears and becomes a single transparent body or phase with a uniform appearance with a nonuniform stress distribution, and represents an inflection point from the solid region to the transition region. This temperature is defined as the softening temperature (Ts).
- region shows the area
- This rubbery elastic region is included. In the case of crystalline polymers, this region is short, and the softening temperature shows a value close to the outflow start temperature described later.
- the point C represents the temperature at which the sample begins to flow out of the die of the flow meter due to the decrease in viscosity, and this temperature is defined as the outflow start temperature Tfb.
- the CDE region (outflow curve) represents the region in which the sample flows out of the die and is mainly composed of non-thermal viscous flow.
- the melting temperature (T1 / 2) by the 1/2 method represents the temperature of the half point of the piston stroke of the flow meter between the outflow start temperature (Tfb) and the outflow end temperature (Tend) of the outflow curve.
- the glass transition temperature of the said polyester resin is 40-80 degreeC, and 50-75 degreeC is more preferable.
- the glass transition temperature is lower than 40 ° C., the toner formed by using the polyester resin particles may cause storage stability problems.
- the glass transition temperature exceeds 80 °C, the offset is likely to occur, especially when color printing may be a serious problem.
- the said polyester resin does not contain a sulfonic acid group.
- the polyester resin may be prepared by polycondensing an acid component and an alcohol component, and a polyester resin is prepared using polyhydric carboxylic acid mainly for an acid component and polyhydric alcohols mainly for an alcohol component.
- polyhydric alcohol component examples include polyoxyethylene- (2,0) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane and polyoxypropylene- (2,0) -2,2-bis (4 -Hydroxyphenyl) propane, polyoxypropylene- (2,2) -polyoxyethylene- (2,0) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, polyoxyethylene- (2,3) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, polyoxypropylene- (6) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, polyoxypropylene- (2,3) -2,2 -Bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, polyoxypropylene- (2,4) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, polyoxypropylene- (3,3) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, polyoxyethylene- (6) -2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1, 4-but
- the polyhydric carboxylic acid component specifically includes aromatic polyhydric acids and / or alkyl esters thereof conventionally used for producing polyester resins.
- aromatic polyacids include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, 1,2,4-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, 2,5,7-naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4 Naphthalenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,5-hexanetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,7,8-octanetetracarboxylic acid or alkyl esters thereof, wherein the alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, Butyl group etc. are mentioned.
- the aromatic polyacids and alkyl esters thereof may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.
- the organic solvent used in the polyester resin dispersion is methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dichloromethane, And one or more selected from the group consisting of chloroform can be used, but is not necessarily limited thereto. It is preferable to use the said organic solvent in the quantity of 150-500 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of polyester resins.
- the surfactant used in the polyester resin dispersion is preferably an anionic surfactant, and may be used in an amount of 1 to 4 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin.
- a monovalent cation group-containing base may be used, and potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, lithium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, ammonia, triethylamine, triethanolamine, pyridine , Ammonium hydroxide, diphenylamine and its derivatives, and poly (ethyleneamine) and its derivatives can be used one or more, and sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide is preferable.
- the amount of the dispersion stabilizer used is related to the acid value of the polyester resin, and the higher the acid value, the higher the content of the dispersion stabilizer is, so that it is possible to prepare a dispersion having a narrow particle size distribution.
- the dispersion stabilizer is preferably used in an amount of 2 to 3 equivalents based on the acid value of the polyester resin.
- the colorant dispersion can be prepared by dispersing the colorant in water using a dispersant such as a surfactant.
- a dispersant such as a surfactant.
- anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants are preferable, and anionic surfactants are more preferable.
- a dispersing agent it becomes easy to disperse a pigment in water, the dispersion particle diameter of the pigment in toner can be made small, and the toner which has a more excellent characteristic can be manufactured. Unnecessary dispersant may be removed by a subsequent washing process.
- the colorant may be appropriately selected from black pigments, cyan pigments, magenta pigments, yellow pigments, and mixtures thereof, which are commonly used pigments.
- the content of the colorant may be sufficient to color the toner to form a visible image by development, for example, 3 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyester resin. If the content is less than 3 parts by weight, the coloring effect may be insufficient. If the content is more than 15 parts by weight, the electric resistance of the toner is lowered, so that a sufficient amount of triboelectric charge may not be obtained, resulting in contamination.
- Wax dispersions can be prepared by dispersing natural or synthetic waxes in water.
- wax a known wax can be used.
- natural waxes such as carnauba wax and rice wax
- synthetic waxes such as polypropylene wax and polyethylene wax
- petroleum wax such as montan wax, alcohol wax, and ester wax etc.
- Wax may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- a dispersion is obtained by using a surfactant or a dispersion stabilizer and dispersing using a disperser such as a high pressure or high speed homogenizer.
- a disperser such as a high pressure or high speed homogenizer.
- 0.5-20 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of polyester resin, and, as for wax content, 1-10 weight part is more preferable.
- the toner particles are agglomerated by adding the flocculant and the acid while stirring the respective dispersions prepared in the above dispersion preparation step.
- the coagulation process is preferably performed at room temperature, it may be heated up to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin, and the particle diameter and shape are uniform by stirring the mixed liquid of each dispersion liquid by using a stirrer and mechanical shear force. Agglomerates can be formed in one particle state.
- the organic substance etc. which contain ions of opposite polarity to an electrolyte or a pigment can be used.
- sodium chloride (NaCl) which is easy to wash with pure water and has high solubility in water is more preferable.
- the amount of the flocculant used is 0.3 to 6% by weight, preferably 1.0 to 5% by weight based on the total solids. When the amount of the flocculant is less than 0.3% by weight, aggregation may not occur well, and when the amount of the flocculant is greater than 6% by weight, the aggregated particles may be too large.
- the dispersion stabilizer used in the preparation of the polyester resin dispersion serves as a coagulation aid during the flocculation process.
- the pH may be adjusted by addition of acid in the flocculation process, and the preferred pH may be 4.5 to 6.5.
- the coagulation step may be performed by stirring the reaction solution at 1.0 to 7.0 m / sec at a temperature of 40 to 60 °C.
- the temperature of the reaction solution is maintained and the pH is raised to 10.
- an inorganic base such as NaOH, KOH or LiOH is added to raise the pH.
- the mixed liquid containing the toner particles is heated to uniform the particle size and shape of the aggregated toner particles. It is preferable to adjust to a particle diameter of 1 to 20 ⁇ m by heating to a temperature higher than or equal to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin, whereby toner particles having almost uniform particle sizes and shapes can be obtained.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the surface properties of the particles can be improved by heating to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin, and the polyester resin dispersion or polystyrene butylacryl before heating to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin.
- the latex is added to cover the toner particles generated in the flocculation process once, thereby preventing the pigment or wax contained therein from coming out and making the toner firm.
- the polyester resin dispersion or polystyrene butyl acrylate latex added may use a resin dispersion having the same physical properties (Tg, molecular weight) as the polyester resin dispersion used in the previous step. You may use it.
- Tg When using Tg and a higher molecular weight, Tg is 60-85 degreeC, and it is preferable that molecular weight is 10,000-300,000.
- the additionally added resin dispersion may increase the particle size while wrapping the toner particles generated in the flocculation step. To prevent this, the surfactant is added or the pH is adjusted, and the temperature is raised above the glass transition temperature of the polyester resin. The coalescing process can proceed.
- the toner particles obtained in the coalescence process are washed with water and dried.
- the mixed liquid containing toner is cooled to room temperature, the mixed liquid is filtered, the filtrate is removed, and the toner is washed with water.
- the washing of the toner using pure water may be performed batchwise or continuously.
- the cleaning of the toner using pure water is performed to remove unnecessary components other than toner components such as impurities that may affect the chargeability of the toner and unnecessary coagulants that do not participate in aggregation.
- toner particles are not reaggregated due to reactivation of inorganic salts due to pH change in the washing process, and inorganic salts of monovalent metals are compared with inorganic salts of polyvalent metals.
- the solubility in toner is so great that it is easy to remove during washing, and the amount of inorganic salt remaining in the toner is also significantly lowered, so that the melt viscosity of the toner particles does not increase and is preferable for fixing characteristics.
- the toner obtained after the washing step is dried using a fluidized bed dryer, a flash jet dryer, or the like.
- a desired external additive may be added to the toner obtained by drying.
- a polyester resin dispersion having a low content of residual organic solvent is mixed with a wax dispersion and a pigment dispersion which do not use an organic solvent, so that the residual VOC content in the toner is less than 100 ppm. Toner particles can be produced.
- a 3 L reactor equipped with a stirrer, a nitrogen gas inlet, a thermometer, and a cooler was installed in the oil chain oil tank.
- 45 g of terephthalic acid, 39 g of isophthalic acid, 75 g of 1,2-propylene glycol, and 3 g of trimellitic acid were added to the reactor thus installed, and 500 ppm of tetrabutyl titanate was added to the total weight of the monomer as a catalyst.
- the temperature was raised to 150 ° C. while the reactor was stirred at 150 rpm.
- the reaction was carried out for 6 hours, the temperature was raised to 220 ° C., the reactor was depressurized to 0.1torr to remove the side reactants, and the reaction was performed for 15 hours under the same pressure condition to obtain a polyester resin (1).
- a 3 L reactor equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, condenser and nitrogen inlet was installed in the oil bath.
- 97 g of dimethyl terephthalate, 96 g of dimethylisophthalate, 0.15 g of dimethyl 5-sulfoisophthalate sodium salt, 175 g of 1,2-propylene glycol and 4.0 g of trimellitic acid were added to the reactor.
- tetrabutyl titanate was added as a polymerization catalyst in an amount of 500 ppm relative to the total weight of the monomers.
- the temperature was then raised to 150 ° C. while maintaining the reactor stirring rate at 100 rpm. After this, the reaction was allowed to proceed for about 5 hours.
- the sample was heated to 20 ° C. to 200 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, quenched to 10 ° C. at a cooling rate of 20 ° C./min, and then again to 10 ° C. It measured by heating up at the heating rate of / min.
- the acid value (mgKOH / g) was measured by dissolving the resin in dichloromethane, cooling it, and titrating with 0.1 N KOH methyl alcohol solution.
- the weight average molecular weight of the binder resin was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a calibration curve using a polystyrene reference sample.
- Peak molecular weight (Mp) was calculated
- the peak value of an elution curve is a point where an elution curve shows a maximum value, and when a maximum value is two or more points, it is a point which gives the maximum value of an elution curve.
- signal intensity I (Mp) of the GPC curve in the position of a peak molecular weight, and signal intensity I (M100000) of the GPC curve in the position of molecular weight 100,000 are respectively signal intensity and a base in the position of a peak molecular weight. It is the difference of the signal intensity of a line, the difference of the signal intensity in the position of molecular weight 100,000, and the signal intensity of a baseline, and is shown by electric potential.
- Filtration conditions filter the sample solution with 0.45 ⁇ m Teflon® membrane filter
- Standard polystyrene sample for calibration curve preparation TSK standard, A-500 (molecular weight 5.0 ⁇ 10 2 ), A-2500 (molecular weight 2.74 ⁇ 10 3 ), F-2 (molecular weight 1.96 ⁇ 10 4 ) F-20 (molecular weight 1.9 ⁇ 10 5 ), F-40 (molecular weight 3.55 ⁇ 10 5 ), F-80 (molecular weight 7.06 ⁇ 10 5 ), F-128 (molecular weight 1.09 ⁇ 10 6 ), F-288 (molecular weight 2.89 ⁇ 10 6 ), F-700 (molecular weight 6.77 ⁇ 10 6 ), F-2000 (molecular weight 2.0 ⁇ 10 7 ).
- T 1/2 by the constant load extruded tubular rheometer defined in the present invention is a value obtained by measuring under the following conditions:
- polyester resin dispersion (1) was obtained.
- polyester resin dispersion (2) The same method as in Preparation Example 6, except that 54 g (2.5 equivalents to polyester resin acid value) was added instead of 46 g of 4 wt% sodium hydroxide solution as a dispersion stabilizer, and polyester resin (2) was used instead of polyester (1). This was carried out to obtain polyester resin dispersion (2).
- polyester resin and 600 g of MEK were added to a 3 L reactor equipped with a thermometer and an impeller stirrer, and the temperature was raised to 70 ° C. while stirring to dissolve the resin.
- 600 g of water and 32 g of dispersion stabilizer KOH (5% solution) were added to the solution, followed by stirring at a speed 1 step with a TEKMAR stirrer. After stirring for about 10 minutes the MEK was removed under vacuum conditions. The resultant temperature was lowered to room temperature, and the polyester resin dispersion 6 was prepared by controlling the particle size with a microfluidizer.
- Particle size, residual organic solvent content and solids content in the dispersion of the polyester resin prepared in Preparation Examples 6 to 11 are shown in Table 2 below.
- the residual organic solvent content of the polyester resin dispersion was measured using headspace GC-MS. Specifically, 5 ml of the resin dispersion was taken in a 20 ml vial, sealed using a cap, and connected to a headspace autosampler for sample preparation. For the measurement, 40 ml / min of hydrogen, 400 ml / min of air, and 20 ml / min of He were analyzed and analyzed using FID (Flame Ionization Detector), and a standard curve made using toluene having a known concentration. The residual organic solvent content was checked using (stadard curve).
- the average particle diameter was measured by a microtrack particle size analyzer (NIKKISO, Japan).
- the particle size of the cyan pigment particles was measured using a Multisizer 2000 (manufactured by Malvern), and the D50 (volume average particle diameter) was 170 nm.
- paraffin wax NIPPON SEIRO, HNP10, melting point 72 ° C.
- anionic surfactants SDBS, Rhodia
- ion-exchanged water 160 g
- IKA homogenizer
- D50 (v) volume average particle diameter
- the temperature was lowered to 60 ° C. and 1N sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the pH to 9.
- the crude powder is filtered through a mesh (eye size 20 ⁇ m), and the aggregates are washed three times with water, and then 0.3 M nitric acid solution is added to pH 1.5, washed three times with pure water, and filtered. .
- the filtrate was dried in a fluid bed dryer to prepare a black toner.
- Black toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyester resin dispersions prepared in Preparation Examples 7 to 10 were used instead of the polyester resin dispersions prepared in Preparation Example 6.
- a 30-liter reactor equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, and condenser was installed in an oil bath, a heat transfer medium. 6,600 g and 32 g of distilled water and a surfactant (Dowfax 2A1) were added to the reactor thus installed, and the reactor temperature was increased to 70 ° C. and stirred at a speed of 100 rpm.
- monomers that is, 8,380 g of styrene, 3,220 g of butyl acrylate, 370 g of 2-carboxyethyl acrylate and 226 g of 1,10-decanediol diacrylate, 5,075 g of distilled water, 226 g of surfactant (Dowfax 2A1), and macromonomer 530 g of polyethylene glycol ethyl ether methacrylate and 188 g of 1-dodecanethiol as a chain transfer agent were stirred at 400 to 500 rpm for 30 minutes with a disk-type impeller, and then slowly added to the reactor for 1 hour. After the reaction was performed for about 8 hours and then slowly cooled to room temperature to complete the reaction.
- monomers that is, 8,380 g of styrene, 3,220 g of butyl acrylate, 370 g of 2-carboxyethyl acrylate and 226 g of 1,10-decaned
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the binder resin was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the temperature was 62 ° C.
- the number average molecular weight of the binder resin was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a polystyrene reference sample. As a result, the number average molecular weight was 50,000.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyester resin was measured by using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the result was 65 ° C.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the polyester resin was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF), it was confirmed that all of them were dissolved without an insoluble gel component, and the acid value thereof was 5 mg KOH / g.
- the number average molecular weight was 4,500 and the PDI was 3.5.
- the synthesized polyester resin and the blue pigment (CI Pigment Blue 15: 3, DIC Co., Ltd.) were mixed at 6: 4 by weight, and 50% of ethyl acetate was added thereto based on the weight of the polymer. It was dispersed while stirring with a kneader. Thereafter, the mixture was mixed at a speed of 50 rpm using a twin extruder connected with a vacuum apparatus, and ethyl acetate, a solvent, was removed using a vacuum apparatus, thereby preparing a cyan pigment master batch.
- the blue pigment CI Pigment Blue 15: 3, DIC Co., Ltd.
- Toner particles were obtained using a conventional filtration apparatus, and the toner particles were obtained by repeating the washing process of dispersing and filtering four times in distilled water to remove the surfactant.
- a black toner was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polyester resin dispersion prepared in Preparation Example 11 was used instead of the polyester resin dispersion prepared in Preparation Example 6.
- the average particle diameter of the toner particles was measured using Coulter Multisizer III (backman coulter, USA), the number of particles measured was 50000 count and the aperture used was 100 ⁇ m.
- the measurement was carried out using FPIA-3000 (manufactured by Sysmex, Japan).
- FPIA-3000 manufactured by Sysmex, Japan.
- the measurement sample was prepared by adding an appropriate amount of a surfactant to 50-100 ml of distilled water, adding 10-20 mg of toner particles thereto, and then dispersing in an ultrasonic disperser for 1 minute.
- the circularity is automatically obtained from FPIA-3000 by the following formula.
- the area means the area of the projected toner
- the perimeter means the circumferential length of a circle having the same area as the area of the projected toner. This value can range from 0 to 1. The closer to 1, the more spherical.
- Image evaluation was performed by developing a device that was converted from the CP 2025 (HP), a digital full color printer. Image density was measured using spectroeye (GretagMacbeth).
- Image density is 1.3 or higher
- ng image density is 1.3 or less
- the glossiness evaluation was performed by developing with the apparatus which converted the CP 2025 (HP) which is a digital full color printer. It was measured using a glossmeter (spectroeye) (GretagMacbeth).
- toner 5 g was weighed in a 50 ml sample bottle and stored for 24 hours in a chamber at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 80%. Take out the stored sample and leave it at room temperature to visually check the degree of aggregation, sift with a 100 ⁇ m sieve and measure the amount remaining on the top. If the amount is 10% or more, ng, 10% or less ok Evaluated as.
- TDS Thermo Desorption System
- 10 mg of toner was prepared to be positioned in the center of the glass tube covered with glass wool for pretreatment of the sample, and then mounted on the TDS.
- the TDS proceeded at a rate of 60 ° C./min at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 200 ° C., and the measurement conditions of GC-MS were the same as those of Headspace GC-MS.
- the toner particles produced by the manufacturing method of the present invention have a narrow particle size distribution, excellent glossiness, preservation, and excellent image quality. It can also be seen that the residual VOC content in the toner is significantly reduced to less than 100 ppm.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
유리전이 온도(Tg) | 산가(mgKOH/g) | 중량평균분자량 | Mp | T1/2(℃) | |
제조예 1 | 66 | 11 | 18,000 | 5100 | 125 |
제조예 2 | 62 | 15 | 25,000 | 6500 | 124 |
제조예 3 | 67 | 17 | 38,000 | 7000 | 128 |
제조예 4 | 65 | 14 | 16,000 | 4100 | 120 |
제조예 5 | 80 | 8 | 50,000 | 7800 | 135 |
폴리에스테르 수지 분산액중 입자 크기(nm) | 잔류 유기 용매 함량(ppm) | 고형분 함량 (%) | |
제조예 6 | 150 | 120 | 24.1 |
제조예 7 | 180 | 200 | 24.5 |
제조예 8 | 140 | 3000 | 24.2 |
제조예 9 | 200 | 4700 | 24.8 |
제조예 10 | 140 | 5800 | 24.6 |
제조예 11 | 150 | 10500 | 24.4 |
평균 입경(㎛) | 화상농도 | 광택도 | 보존성 | 정착 온도 범위 | 토너의 잔류 VOC 함량(ppm) | ||||
실시예 1 | 6.2 | 1.4 | ok | 16 | ok | 6% | ok | 135~180℃ | 37 |
실시예 2 | 6.0 | 1.3 | ok | 14 | ok | 7% | ok | 140~170℃ | 24 |
실시예 3 | 6.8 | 1.3 | ok | 13 | ok | 8% | ok | 150~170℃ | 55 |
실시예 4 | 6.4 | 1.3 | ok | 13 | ok | 9% | ok | 150~190℃ | 21 |
실시예 5 | 6.4 | 1.3 | ok | 13 | ok | 15% | ng | 150~190℃ | 17 |
실시예 6 | 6.2 | 1.4 | ok | 13 | ok | 7% | ok | 140~170℃ | 43 |
비교예 1 | 6.5 | 0.9 | ng | 5 | ng | 15% | ng | 160~200℃ | 780 |
비교예 2 | 7.7 | 1.0 | ng | 7 | ng | 25% | ng | 160~200℃ | 1000 |
비교예 3 | 7.3 | 1.1 | ng | 11 | ng | 20% | ng | 160~190℃ | 850 |
Claims (14)
- 계면활성제 및 분산안정제를 함유한 극성 용매에 폴리에스테르 수지 및 유기 용매를 교반하면서 첨가하는 단계;상기 혼합물을 가열하여 잔류 유기 용매 함량이 10,000 ppm 미만인 폴리에스테르 수지 분산액을 제조하는 단계;상기 폴리에스테르 수지 분산액에 착색제 분산액 및 왁스 분산액을 혼합하는 단계;상기 혼합액에 응집제를 첨가하여 토너 입자를 응집시키는 단계; 및상기 응집된 토너 입자를 합일하는 단계를 포함하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 폴리에스테르 수지 분산액을 제조하는 단계에서 상기 유기 용매의 비점 이상으로 가열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 계면활성제는 음이온성 계면활성제인 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서상기 분산안정제는 1가의 양이온 함유 염기인 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 유기 용매는 메틸아세테이트, 에틸아세테이트, 이소프로필아세테이트, 메틸에틸케톤, 디메틸에테르, 디에틸에테르, 1,1-디클로로에탄, 1,2-디클로로에탄, 디클로로메탄 및 클로로포름으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 폴리에스테르 수지는 산가가 5 내지 50 mgKOH/g이고, 중량평균분자량이 5,000 내지 50,000이고, 유리전이온도가 40 내지 80℃인 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 폴리에스테르 수지는 술폰산기를 함유하지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 극성 용매는 물인 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 유기 용매는 폴리에스테르 수지 100중량부에 대하여 15 내지 200중량부의 양으로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 계면활성제는 상기 폴리에스테르 수지 100중량부에 대하여 1 내지 4중량부의 양으로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 분산안정제는 상기 폴리에스테르 수지 산가 대비 2 내지 3당량의 양으로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 극성 용매는 폴리에스테르 수지 100중량부에 대하여 3 내지 5중량부의 양으로 사용되는 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 합일 단계 후 토너 입자를 세척 및 건조하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 토너의 제조 방법.
- 제 1항 내지 제 13항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 방법으로 제조된 토너로서, 잔류 VOC(Volatile Organic Compounds) 함량이 100ppm 미만인 토너.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/008,809 US20140199624A1 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | Method of preparing environment-friendly toner |
JP2014502432A JP2014512571A (ja) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | 親環境トナーの製造方法 |
EP11862346.1A EP2698672A4 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING INK INTO ECOLOGICAL POWDER |
CN2011800699330A CN103460142A (zh) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | 环保调色剂的制造方法 |
PCT/KR2011/002299 WO2012133967A1 (ko) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | 친환경 토너의 제조방법 |
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PCT/KR2011/002299 WO2012133967A1 (ko) | 2011-04-01 | 2011-04-01 | 친환경 토너의 제조방법 |
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WO2012133967A1 true WO2012133967A1 (ko) | 2012-10-04 |
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US (1) | US20140199624A1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2698672A4 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2014512571A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN103460142A (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2012133967A1 (ko) |
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CN104865359A (zh) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-26 | 刘俊平 | 餐渣液再生油染色剂 |
JP6907485B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-04 | 2021-07-21 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | トナー用ポリエステル樹脂およびその製造方法と、トナー |
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2011
- 2011-04-01 EP EP11862346.1A patent/EP2698672A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-04-01 CN CN2011800699330A patent/CN103460142A/zh active Pending
- 2011-04-01 JP JP2014502432A patent/JP2014512571A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-04-01 WO PCT/KR2011/002299 patent/WO2012133967A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2011-04-01 US US14/008,809 patent/US20140199624A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPH1039545A (ja) | 1996-05-10 | 1998-02-13 | Xerox Corp | トナー組成物の製造方法 |
US6329115B1 (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 2001-12-11 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Toner for use in electrophotography and method of producing the same |
KR20030038317A (ko) | 2001-11-01 | 2003-05-16 | 빅알파 카부시키가이샤 | 공구홀더 |
JP2003140378A (ja) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-14 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 静電荷現像用トナー |
KR100811112B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-19 | 2008-03-06 | 주식회사 디피아이 솔루션스 | 안료를 포함하는 폴리에스테르계 화학 토너 조성물 및 그제조방법 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2698672A4 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
EP2698672A1 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
US20140199624A1 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
CN103460142A (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
JP2014512571A (ja) | 2014-05-22 |
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