WO2012132094A1 - 電動車両用駆動装置 - Google Patents
電動車両用駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012132094A1 WO2012132094A1 PCT/JP2011/076421 JP2011076421W WO2012132094A1 WO 2012132094 A1 WO2012132094 A1 WO 2012132094A1 JP 2011076421 W JP2011076421 W JP 2011076421W WO 2012132094 A1 WO2012132094 A1 WO 2012132094A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotating electrical
- electrical machine
- output
- clutch
- torque
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3222—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the compressor driving arrangements, e.g. clutches, transmissions or multiple drives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
- B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2045—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
- B60L2220/52—Clutch motors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19023—Plural power paths to and/or from gearing
- Y10T74/19126—Plural drivers plural driven
Definitions
- the present invention includes an output member that is drivingly connected to a wheel and a compressor connecting member that is connected to a compressor for an air conditioner, and a driving force transmitted to the output member and the compressor connecting member is generated by a rotating electrical machine.
- the present invention relates to a drive device for an electric vehicle to be generated.
- Patent Document 1 discloses the following technology.
- the rotor shaft of the rotary electric machine for the air conditioner is driven and connected not only to the compressor connecting member but also to the output member, so that the driving force of the rotary electric machine for the air conditioner is used to drive the wheel.
- the rotating electric machine is assisted to drive the vehicle.
- a rotor shaft of a rotating electric machine for driving a wheel is drivingly connected to a ring gear of a planetary gear device, and a rotor shaft and a compressor connecting member of a rotating electric machine for an air conditioner are connected to a sun gear of the planetary gear device.
- the output member is drivingly connected to the carrier of the planetary gear device.
- an output member that is drivingly connected to a wheel, and a compressor connecting member that is connected to a compressor for an air conditioner, and a rotating electric machine transmits a driving force transmitted to the output member and the compressor connecting member.
- the characteristic configuration of the electric vehicle drive device generated by the motor is that the rotor shaft is drivingly connected to the output member, the rotor shaft is drivingly connected to the compressor connecting member, and is connected to the output member.
- the second rotating electrical machine, the first engagement device capable of releasing the drive connection between the rotor shaft of the first rotating electrical machine and the output member, and the drive connection between the rotor shaft of the second rotating electrical machine and the output member.
- a second engagement device capable of releasing.
- rotary electric machine is used as a concept including a motor (electric motor), a generator (generator), and a motor / generator that functions as both a motor and a generator as necessary.
- driving connection refers to a state in which two rotating elements are connected so as to be able to transmit a driving force, and the two rotating elements are connected so as to rotate integrally, or the two This is used as a concept including a state in which two rotating elements are connected so as to be able to transmit a driving force via one or more transmission members.
- Such a transmission member examples include various members that transmit rotation at the same speed or a variable speed, and include, for example, a shaft, a gear mechanism, a belt, a chain, and the like.
- an engagement element that selectively transmits rotation and driving force such as a friction clutch or a meshing clutch, may be included.
- the drive connection between the rotor shaft of the first rotating electrical machine and the output member can be released by the first engagement device, before the rotational speed of the first rotating electrical machine exceeds the maximum rotational speed. Therefore, by providing the first engagement device, the maximum rotation speed of the first rotating electrical machine in terms of output member can be set regardless of the practical range of the rotation speed of the output member. The degree of freedom in setting the maximum rotation speed of the first rotating electric machine can be increased. Further, when the first rotating electrical machine is not caused to output the wheel driving torque, the first rotating electrical machine can be prevented from rotating by controlling the first engagement device to the released state. Therefore, energy loss caused by rotating the first rotating electrical machine can be reduced.
- the driving force transmitted to the output member and the compressor connecting member is generated only by the first rotating electric machine and the second rotating electric machine.
- the driving force of the first rotating electric machine and the second rotating electric machine can be effectively used in the electric vehicle driving device in which the rotating electric machine is used as the driving force source of the vehicle and the compressor.
- the maximum output set for the second rotating electrical machine is larger than the maximum output set for the first rotating electrical machine.
- the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine can be positioned on the low output side with respect to the high efficiency region of the second rotating electrical machine. Therefore, it becomes easy to overlap the high efficiency area of the first rotating electrical machine close to the high frequency area in steady running. Thereby, the usage frequency of the high efficiency area
- the second rotating electrical machine has an output-converted maximum rotational speed that is a value obtained by converting a maximum rotational speed at which torque can be transmitted to the output member into a rotational speed at the output member, and the output at the maximum vehicle speed. It is preferable that the rotation speed is equal to or higher than the rotation speed of the member.
- the torque can be output at the maximum vehicle speed by the second rotating electrical machine alone, and the driving performance of the vehicle can be secured.
- it can be set as the structure which a 1st rotary electric machine does not transmit a torque to a wheel near the maximum vehicle speed, and it becomes easy to raise the freedom degree of the setting of the maximum rotation speed of a 1st rotary electric machine in conversion of an output member. .
- the first rotary electric machine has an output-converted maximum rotational speed that is a value obtained by converting the maximum value of the rotational speed at which torque can be transmitted to the output member into the rotational speed of the output member. Is also low.
- the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine can be set to a low rotation speed region in terms of output member. Therefore, it becomes easy to make the high efficiency area
- the second rotary electric machine has an output maximum torque that is a maximum value of torque that can be transmitted to the output member is higher than that of the first rotary electric machine, and an output equivalent maximum torque of the second rotary electric machine is independent.
- the sum of the output converted maximum torque of the first rotating electrical machine is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum vehicle request torque required to be transmitted to the output member for driving the wheel. .
- the torque corresponding to the maximum required vehicle torque can be output by the second rotating electrical machine alone or in cooperation with the first rotating electrical machine and the second rotating electrical machine, and the driving performance of the vehicle can be ensured.
- the first engagement device releases the drive connection between the rotor shaft of the first rotating electrical machine and the output member at a predetermined vehicle speed or higher.
- the first engagement device disengages the drive connection between the rotor shaft of the first rotating electrical machine and the output member. You can avoid it. Therefore, it is not necessary to rotate the first rotating electrical machine at a rotational speed higher than a rotational speed corresponding to a predetermined vehicle speed or higher, and the maximum rotational speed of the first rotating electrical machine can be set regardless of the practical range of the vehicle speed. It becomes possible.
- a third engagement device capable of releasing the drive connection between the rotor shaft of the second rotating electrical machine and the compressor connecting member.
- the third engagement device when there is no request for driving the compressor, the third engagement device is controlled to be in the released state, whereby the torque of the second rotating electrical machine is transmitted to the compressor, thereby consuming drive energy. Can be prevented. Also, regardless of whether or not there is a drive request for the compressor, when the vehicle required torque that is required to be transmitted to the wheels is high, the third engagement device is controlled to be in the released state, thereby driving each rotating electrical machine. The force can be transmitted to the output member without being transmitted to the compressor, and the driving performance of the vehicle can be secured with priority.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electric vehicle drive device 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 according to this embodiment includes an output shaft O that is drivingly connected to the wheels W, and a compressor connecting shaft CMC that is connected to a compressor CM for an air conditioner.
- the driving device has a driving force transmitted to the output shaft O and the compressor connecting shaft CMC by the rotating electrical machines MG1 and MG2.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 includes a first rotating electrical machine MG1 in which a rotor shaft RS1 is drivingly connected to an output shaft O.
- the rotor shaft RS2 includes a second rotating electrical machine MG2 that is drivingly connected to the compressor connecting shaft CMC and that is drivingly connected to the output shaft O.
- the output shaft O is the “output member” in the present invention
- the compressor connection shaft CMC is the “compressor connection member” in the present application.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 includes the first clutch CL1 that can release the drive connection between the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine and the output shaft O, and the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine and the output.
- the second clutch CL2 is capable of releasing the drive connection with the shaft O, and is characterized in that it includes a second clutch CL2.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 further includes a third clutch CL3 that can release the drive connection between the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine and the compressor connection shaft CMC.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 controls the first clutch CL1, the second clutch CL2, the third clutch CL3, the first rotating electrical machine MG1, and the second rotating electrical machine MG2.
- the first clutch CL1 is the “first engagement device” in the present invention
- the second clutch CL2 is the “second engagement device” in the present invention
- the third clutch CL3 is in the present invention. “Third engagement device”.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.
- the first rotating electrical machine MG1 includes a stator St1 fixed to a non-rotating member, a rotor Ro1 including a rotor shaft RS1 rotatably supported on the radial inner side of the stator St1, have.
- the rotation of the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is drive-coupled so as to be transmitted via the power transmission mechanism RG and transmitted to the output shaft O.
- the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is electrically connected to a battery BT as a power storage device via a first inverter IN1 that performs DC / AC conversion (see FIG. 2).
- the first rotating electrical machine MG1 fulfills a function as a motor (electric motor) that generates power upon receiving power supply and a function as a generator (generator) that generates power upon receiving power supply. It is possible. That is, the first rotating electrical machine MG1 receives power supplied from the battery BT via the first inverter IN1, and powers or generates power generated by the rotational driving force transmitted from the wheels W via the first inverter IN1.
- the battery BT is charged (charged).
- the battery BT is an example of a power storage device, and another power storage device such as a capacitor may be used, or a plurality of types of power storage devices may be used in combination.
- the first inverter IN1 converts the DC power of the battery BT into AC power to drive the first rotating electrical machine MG1, or converts the AC power generated by the first rotating electrical machine MG1 into DC power to convert the battery BT.
- the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O via the first clutch CL1 and the power transmission mechanism RG.
- the output shaft O is drivingly connected to the two left and right axles AX via the output differential gear unit DF, and each axle AX is drivingly connected to each of the two left and right wheels W. Therefore, the torque transmitted from the first rotating electrical machine MG1 to the rotor shaft RS1 is, when the first clutch CL1 is engaged, the power transmission mechanism RG, the output shaft O, the output differential gear device DF, It is transmitted to the left and right wheels W via the axle AX.
- Various transmission mechanisms such as a transmission and a planetary gear mechanism configured such that the transmission ratio can be changed on or in addition to the power transmission mechanism RG on the power transmission path from the first rotating electrical machine MG1 to the wheels W. May be provided.
- the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is connected to the compressor connecting shaft CMC via the first clutch CL1, the power transmission mechanism RG, the second clutch CL2, the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine, and the third clutch CL3. It is configured to be drive-coupled. Therefore, the torque transmitted from the first rotating electrical machine MG1 to the rotor shaft RS1 is also transmitted to the compressor connecting shaft CMC when the first clutch CL1, the second clutch CL2, and the third clutch CL3 are engaged. Is done.
- the first clutch CL1 is an engagement device that selectively releases (separates) the drive connection or drive connection to the output shaft O of the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine.
- the input side member of the first clutch CL1 is drivingly coupled so as to rotate integrally with the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine, and the output side member of the first clutch CL1 is the power transmission mechanism RG. Drive-coupled to rotate integrally with the fourth gear RG4. Then, the input side member and the output side member of the first clutch CL1 are selectively engaged or released.
- the first clutch CL1 is an electromagnetic clutch.
- the electromagnetic clutch is a device that performs engagement or release of the clutch by an electromagnetic force that causes an electromagnet to be generated.
- the first clutch CL1 may be a hydraulic clutch that engages or disengages the clutch by hydraulic pressure, or an electric clutch that performs the driving force of the servo motor.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 includes a stator St2 fixed to a non-rotating member, and a rotor Ro2 including a rotor shaft RS2 rotatably supported on the radially inner side of the stator St2.
- the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is drivably coupled to the compressor coupling shaft CMC via the third clutch CL3.
- the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O via the second clutch CL2 and the power transmission mechanism RG.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is electrically connected to a battery BT serving as a power storage device via a second inverter IN2 that performs DC / AC conversion (see FIG. 2).
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 fulfills a function as a motor (electric motor) that generates power upon receiving power supply and a function as a generator (generator) that generates power upon receiving power supply. It is possible.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 receives power supplied from the battery BT via the second inverter IN2 and powers or generates power generated by the rotational driving force transmitted from the wheels W via the second inverter IN2.
- the battery BT is charged (charged).
- the second inverter IN2 converts the DC power of the battery BT into AC power to drive the second rotating electrical machine MG2, or converts the AC power generated by the second rotating electrical machine MG2 into DC power to convert the battery BT.
- the second inverter IN2 converts the DC power of the battery BT into AC power to drive the second rotating electrical machine MG2, or converts the AC power generated by the second rotating electrical machine MG2 into DC power to convert the battery BT.
- the torque transmitted from the second rotating electrical machine MG2 to the rotor shaft RS2 is transmitted to the compressor connecting shaft CMC.
- the torque transmitted from the second rotating electrical machine MG2 to the rotor shaft RS2 is the power transmission mechanism RG, the output shaft O, the output differential gear device DF, and It is transmitted to the left and right wheels W via the axle AX.
- Various transmission mechanisms such as a transmission and a planetary gear mechanism configured such that the transmission ratio can be changed on or in addition to the power transmission mechanism RG on the power transmission path from the second rotating electrical machine MG2 to the wheels W. May be provided.
- Second clutch CL2 The second clutch CL2 is an engagement device that selectively releases (separates) the drive connection or drive connection of the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O.
- the input side member of the second clutch CL2 is drivingly connected so as to rotate integrally with the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine
- the output side member of the second clutch CL2 is the power transmission mechanism RG. Drive-coupled so as to rotate integrally with the fifth gear RG5. Then, the input side member and the output side member of the second clutch CL2 are selectively engaged or released.
- the second clutch CL2 is an electromagnetic clutch. Note that a hydraulic clutch or an electric clutch may be used as the second clutch CL2.
- Third clutch CL3 The third clutch CL3 is an engagement device that selectively releases (separates) the drive connection or drive connection of the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the compressor connection shaft CMC.
- the input side member of the third clutch CL3 is drivingly connected so as to rotate integrally with the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine, and the output side member of the third clutch CL3 is connected to the compressor connecting shaft CMC. Drive connected so as to rotate integrally. Then, the input side member and the output side member of the third clutch CL3 are selectively engaged or released.
- the third clutch CL3 is an electromagnetic clutch. Note that a hydraulic clutch or an electric clutch may be used as the third clutch CL3.
- the output side member of the first clutch CL1 and the output side member of the second clutch CL2 are configured to be drivingly connected to the output shaft O via the power transmission mechanism RG.
- the power transmission mechanism RG includes a counter gear mechanism including a first gear RG1 and a second gear RG2, a third gear RG3, a fourth gear RG4, a fifth gear RG5, It has.
- the counter gear mechanism is configured by drivingly connecting the first gear RG1 and the second gear RG2 having a larger diameter than the first gear RG1 so as to rotate integrally.
- the first gear RG1 meshes with a third gear RG3 that is drivingly connected so as to rotate integrally with the output shaft O.
- the second gear RG2 meshes with a fourth gear RG4 that is drivingly connected so as to rotate integrally with the output side member of the first clutch CL1.
- the second gear RG2 meshes with a fifth gear RG5 that is drivingly connected to rotate integrally with the output side member of the second clutch CL2 at a circumferential position different from that of the fourth gear RG4.
- the power transmission mechanism RG decelerates the rotational speed of the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine at a predetermined speed ratio (reduction ratio) and transmits it to the output shaft O, and rotates the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine.
- the speed is reduced at a predetermined gear ratio and transmitted to the output shaft O. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the power transmission mechanism RG functions as a speed reducer for both the first rotating electrical machine MG1 and the second rotating electrical machine MG2.
- the gear ratio from the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O is set smaller than the gear ratio from the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O.
- the gear ratio is the ratio of the rotational speed of the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine or the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the rotational speed of the output shaft O.
- the rotational speed of the rotor shafts RS1 and RS2 Is divided by the rotational speed of the output shaft O.
- Output differential gear unit DF The output differential gear device DF is a differential gear mechanism using a plurality of bevel gears meshing with each other, and distributes the rotation and torque transmitted to the output shaft O, respectively, via the axle AX and left and right 2 To the two wheels W.
- Compressor CM The vehicle is provided with an air conditioner for adjusting the temperature and humidity in the vehicle.
- the compressor CM is a device that compresses a heat medium used in an air conditioner, and is driven by a rotational driving force from the outside.
- a vane rotary type compressor is used as the compressor CM.
- the rotor of the compressor CM is drivingly connected so as to rotate integrally with the compressor connecting shaft CMC.
- a scroll type, swash plate type, variable capacity type (one side swash plate type) compressor, or the like may be used.
- the compressor connecting shaft CMC is configured to be drivingly connected to the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine via the third clutch CL3. Therefore, when the third clutch CL3 is in the engaged state, the rotation of the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is transmitted to the rotor of the compressor CM, and the compressor CM can be driven to rotate.
- the first rotating electrical machine is required to output a torque that can climb a predetermined steep slope (for example, 18 °). Therefore, as shown in the comparative example of FIG. 3A, the first rotating electrical machine is the maximum value that is the maximum value of the vehicle required torque that is required to be transmitted to the output shaft O for driving the wheels. It is necessary to be able to output a torque corresponding to the vehicle required torque. In other words, the output converted maximum torque, which is the maximum value of torque that can be transmitted to the output shaft O by the first rotating electrical machine, needs to be equal to or greater than the maximum vehicle required torque.
- the first rotating electrical machine is required to output torque up to the maximum vehicle speed required for the vehicle (for example, 120 km / h). Therefore, the first rotating electrical machine needs to be able to output torque up to the rotational speed corresponding to such maximum vehicle speed. That is, the output-converted maximum rotational speed, which is a value obtained by converting the maximum rotational speed at which the first rotating electrical machine can transmit torque to the output shaft O into the rotational speed at the output shaft O, is the rotation of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed. Need to be faster than speed.
- the maximum output torque is large and the maximum rotational speed at which torque can be output is high, which is large and high. It is necessary to have performance.
- the rotating electrical machine has a high efficiency region where the conversion efficiency from electric power to torque is high in the medium rotation speed region and the medium output torque region in the operation region.
- a two-dot chain line in FIG. 3 there is a high-frequency region in steady driving on a general road (for example, 50 to 60 km / h) in the low to medium rotation speed region and the low output torque region in the practical range of the vehicle.
- the high efficiency region does not coincide with the high frequency region of steady running. For this reason, the use frequency of the high efficiency area
- Electric vehicle drive device 2-2-1 of this embodiment in addition to the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine, the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is also output. It is connected to the shaft O and is configured to be used as a driving force source of the vehicle. For this reason, one of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 and the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can output the vehicle required torque over the practical range of the rotational speed of the output shaft O, either alone or in cooperation of both. It is sufficient that the maximum vehicle required torque can be output.
- the output torque of either one of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 and the second rotating electrical machine MG2 or the total torque of both output torques is a vehicle required torque over the practical range of the rotational speed of the output shaft O in terms of output shaft. What is necessary is just to be comprised so that it may satisfy
- the maximum output converted torque that is the maximum value of the torque that can be transmitted to the output shaft O is set lower than the maximum required vehicle torque.
- the high-efficiency region of the rotating electrical machine is similarly located in the intermediate torque region for the maximum output torque and in the intermediate rotational speed region for the maximum rotational speed at which torque can be output regardless of the size of the rotating electrical machine. Therefore, the high efficiency region of the rotating electrical machine is in the middle torque region with respect to the output-converted maximum torque and in the middle rotation speed region with respect to the output-converted maximum rotation speed.
- the output equivalent maximum torque of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is set lower than the maximum vehicle required torque.
- the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 located in the middle torque region of the output-converted maximum torque is lowered from the middle torque region with respect to the maximum vehicle required torque, and the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is maximized.
- the vehicle is overlapped close to the high-frequency region of steady running located in the low torque region with respect to the vehicle required torque. By doing in this way, the usage frequency of the high efficiency area
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 includes a first clutch CL1 that can release the drive connection between the rotor shaft RS1 and the output shaft O of the first rotating electrical machine. For this reason, when the rotational speed of the output shaft O exceeds the output conversion maximum rotational speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG1, the first rotating electrical machine MG1 rotates at the maximum rotational speed or more by releasing the first clutch CL1. Can be prevented. Therefore, in this embodiment, the output conversion maximum rotation speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 can be set regardless of the rotation speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed, and the degree of freedom of setting can be increased.
- the first rotating electrical machine MG1 outputs a value obtained by converting the maximum value of the rotational speed at which torque can be transmitted to the output shaft O into the rotational speed of the output shaft O.
- the converted maximum rotation speed is set lower than the rotation speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed. Therefore, the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 located in the intermediate rotational speed region with respect to the output converted maximum rotational speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is lower than the intermediate rotational speed region with respect to the rotational speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed. Can be set.
- the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is overlapped close to the high frequency region of steady travel that is located in the low / medium rotational speed region with respect to the rotational speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed.
- region of 1st rotary electric machine MG1 can be raised, and a power consumption rate can be improved.
- the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 may be set to an arbitrary operation region in accordance with the required performance of the vehicle.
- the high-efficiency area of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 may be configured to overlap with the high-frequency area for accelerated traveling.
- the output converted maximum torque and the output converted maximum rotation speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 are set lower than the maximum vehicle required torque and the rotation speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed. Has been. Therefore, the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 can be overlapped by being close to the high frequency region of steady traveling in actual vehicle traveling. In other words, in the present embodiment, each of the output converted maximum torque and the output converted maximum rotation speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG increases the overlap of the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 with the high-frequency region of steady travel. Is set to
- the second rotating electric machine MG2 has an output-converted maximum torque that is the maximum value of torque that can be transmitted to the output shaft O. Is set higher than the first rotating electrical machine MG1 and is set to be equal to or higher than the maximum vehicle required torque alone. Therefore, the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can output torque corresponding to the maximum vehicle required torque independently.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 has an output converted maximum rotational speed that is a value obtained by converting a maximum rotational speed at which torque can be transmitted to the output shaft O into a rotational speed at the output shaft O. Is set to be equal to or higher than the rotation speed of the output shaft O. Therefore, the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can output torque alone at the maximum vehicle speed. Accordingly, the first rotating electrical machine MG1 has an output-converted maximum rotational speed that is lower than that of the second rotating electrical machine MG2.
- each of the output converted maximum torque and the output converted maximum rotation speed of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is set to be equal to or higher than the maximum vehicle request torque and the rotation speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed. Yes. Therefore, the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can satisfy the maximum torque required for the vehicle and the torque output at the maximum vehicle speed, and the driving performance can be ensured.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 includes a second clutch CL2 that can release the drive connection between the rotor shaft RS2 and the output shaft O of the second rotary electric machine. Is provided. In order not to output torque to the second rotating electrical machine MG2 in order to drive the vehicle, the second clutch CL2 is released. Thereby, the drive connection between the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine and the output shaft O can be released, and the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be prevented from rotating. Therefore, the energy loss caused by rotating the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be reduced, and the driving efficiency of the vehicle by the first rotating electrical machine MG1 can be improved.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 when the torque is output to the second rotating electrical machine MG2 only for driving the compressor CM, the second clutch CL2 is released. As a result, the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be operated at an optimum rotational speed and output torque for driving the compressor CM without being affected by the rotational speed of the output shaft O, and energy efficiency can be improved. Optimum air conditioning can be performed.
- the maximum output set for the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is set larger than the maximum output set for the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the output of the rotating electrical machine refers to the power [W]. That is, the output of the rotating electrical machine corresponds to a value obtained by multiplying the output torque and the rotational speed.
- the maximum output set for each of the rotating electrical machines MG1 and MG2 is a curve (maximum output) in which the output-converted maximum torque changes in inverse proportion to the rotation speed of the output shaft O. On the curve).
- the maximum output curve of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is on the outer side (upper right of the graph) of the first rotating electrical machine MG1, and the maximum output set for the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is set for the first rotating electrical machine MG1. Is set larger than the maximum output.
- the maximum output set for each rotating electrical machine MG1, MG2 means that each rotating electrical machine MG1 in terms of output shaft under the condition that each rotating electrical machine MG1, MG2 is mounted on a vehicle and controlled by the control device 30.
- the electric vehicle drive apparatus 1 includes a third clutch CL3 that can release the drive connection between the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 and the compressor connection shaft CMC.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is used not only as a driving force source for the compressor CM but also as a driving force source for the vehicle.
- the rotational speed of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 changes to a high rotational speed corresponding to the maximum vehicle speed in proportion to the vehicle speed, regardless of the driving request of the compressor CM.
- the maximum rotational speed of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is relatively high. Since the drive energy of the compressor CM increases according to the rotation speed, energy loss for driving the compressor CM increases when the compressor CM is rotated to a high rotation speed corresponding to the maximum vehicle speed. In addition, the compressor CM needs to have a high performance capable of rotating to a high rotational speed corresponding to the maximum vehicle speed. However, since the third clutch CL3 is provided in the present embodiment, the compressor CM is driven according to the vehicle speed by releasing the third clutch CL3 when there is no request for driving the compressor CM. It is possible to prevent wasteful consumption of energy.
- the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 and the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is not transmitted to the compressor CM, but is output to the output shaft O. It can be used preferentially for driving the vehicle. Further, by releasing the third clutch CL3, the compressor CM can be prevented from rotating to a high rotational speed corresponding to the maximum vehicle speed. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the compressor CM high-performance capable of rotating to a high rotational speed, and the compressor CM can be made relatively inexpensive.
- the control device 30 includes an arithmetic processing device such as a CPU as a core member, and also has a RAM (random access memory) configured to be able to read and write data from the arithmetic processing device, and data from the arithmetic processing device. It has a storage device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) configured to be readable. Then, the function units 31 to 36 of the control device 30 as shown in FIG. 2 are provided by software (program) stored in the ROM or the like of the control device 30, hardware such as a separately provided arithmetic circuit, or both. Is configured.
- the electric vehicle drive device 1 includes sensors Se 1 to Se 4, and electrical signals output from the sensors are input to the control device 30.
- the control device 30 calculates detection information of each sensor based on the input electric signal.
- the rotation speed sensor Se1 is a sensor that detects the rotation speed of the output shaft O. Since the rotation speed of the output shaft O is proportional to the vehicle speed, the control device 30 calculates the vehicle speed based on the input signal of the rotation speed sensor Se1.
- the accelerator opening sensor Se2 is a sensor that detects an accelerator opening that represents an operation amount of an accelerator pedal operated by a driver.
- the air conditioner switch Se3 is a switch for the driver to operate the operating state of the air conditioner. Information on the switch position of the air conditioner switch Se3 is input to the control device 30.
- the shift position sensor Se4 is a sensor that detects a selection position (shift position) of the shift lever. Based on the input information from the shift position sensor Se4, the control device 30 determines which range, such as “drive range”, “neutral range”, “reverse drive range”, or “parking range”, is designated by the driver. To detect.
- the control device 30 includes a first rotating electrical machine control unit 31, a second rotating electrical machine control unit 32, a first clutch control unit 33, a second clutch control unit 34, a third clutch control unit 35, and Functional units such as the integrated control unit 36 are provided.
- a first rotating electrical machine control unit 31 a second rotating electrical machine control unit 32
- a first clutch control unit 33 a first clutch control unit 33
- a second clutch control unit 34 a third clutch control unit 35
- Functional units such as the integrated control unit 36 are provided.
- each functional unit will be described in detail.
- First rotating electrical machine control unit 31 The first rotating electrical machine control unit 31 is a functional unit that controls the operation of the first rotating electrical machine MG1. The first rotating electrical machine control unit 31 performs control for causing the first rotating electrical machine MG1 to output the first required torque commanded from the integrated control unit 36 described later. For this purpose, the first rotating electrical machine control unit 31 generates a signal for driving on and off the plurality of switching elements included in the first inverter IN1 based on the first required torque, the rotation angle of the first rotating electrical machine MG1, the coil current, and the like. The first inverter IN1 is driven and controlled.
- Second rotating electrical machine control unit 32 The second rotating electrical machine control unit 32 is a functional unit that controls the operation of the second rotating electrical machine MG2.
- the second rotating electrical machine control unit 32 performs control for causing the second rotating electrical machine MG2 to output the second required torque commanded from the integrated control unit 36 described later. Therefore, the second rotating electrical machine control unit 32 generates a signal for driving on and off the plurality of switching elements provided in the second inverter IN2 based on the second required torque, the rotation angle of the second rotating electrical machine MG2, the coil current, and the like.
- the second inverter IN2 is driven and controlled.
- First clutch control unit 33 The first clutch control unit 33 is a functional unit that controls the operation of the first clutch CL1. The first clutch control unit 33 outputs a signal for engaging or releasing the first clutch CL1 in response to a command for engaging or releasing the first clutch CL1 commanded from the integrated control unit 36, which will be described later. Engagement or release of one clutch CL1 is controlled.
- the 1st clutch control part 33 is comprised so that the signal which turns on / off the electricity supply to the coil of the electromagnet with which the 1st clutch CL1 was equipped may be output.
- Second clutch control unit 34 The second clutch control unit 34 is a functional unit that controls the operation of the second clutch CL2. The second clutch control unit 34 outputs a signal for engaging or releasing the second clutch CL2 in response to a command for engaging or releasing the second clutch CL2 that is commanded by the integrated control unit 36 to be described later. The engagement or disengagement of the two clutch CL2 is controlled. In the present embodiment, the second clutch control unit 34 is configured to output a signal for turning on / off the energization of the coil of the electromagnet provided in the second clutch CL2.
- Third clutch control unit 35 The third clutch control unit 35 is a functional unit that controls the operation of the third clutch CL3. The third clutch control unit 35 outputs a signal for engaging or releasing the third clutch CL3 in response to a command for engaging or releasing the third clutch CL3 commanded by the integrated control unit 36, which will be described later. Engagement or release of the three clutch CL3 is controlled. In the present embodiment, the third clutch control unit 35 is configured to output a signal for turning on / off the energization of the coil of the electromagnet provided in the third clutch CL3.
- Integrated control unit 36 The integrated control unit 36 performs torque control performed on the first clutch CL1, the second clutch CL2, the third clutch CL3, the first rotating electrical machine MG1, the second rotating electrical machine MG2, and the clutch engagement control. It is a functional unit that performs control that integrates the entire vehicle.
- the integrated control unit 36 determines the vehicle required torque, which is the target driving force transmitted from the driving force source to the output shaft O, according to the accelerator opening, the vehicle speed (the rotational speed of the output shaft O), the amount of charge of the battery, and the like. calculate. Then, the integrated control unit 36 outputs the first required torque and the second required torque, which are output torques required for the rotating electrical machines MG1 and MG2, according to the vehicle speed (the rotational speed of the output shaft O), the vehicle required torque, and the like. Is calculated, and commands for engaging or releasing the first clutch CL1, the second clutch CL2, and the third clutch CL3 are determined, and these are commanded to the other functional units 31 to 35 to perform integrated control.
- the integrated control unit 36 is connected to the first clutch CL1, the second clutch CL2, and the third clutch CL3 in order to output the torque that matches the output torque characteristics of the vehicle to the output shaft O.
- a command for combination or release is determined, and a driving state of each of the rotating electrical machines MG1 and MG2 is determined, and commands are given to the functional units 31 to 35.
- the integrated control unit 36 determines an engagement or disengagement command for each of the clutches CL1 to CL3 according to the presence / absence of an air conditioner operation request and the traveling state of the vehicle.
- the driving state of each rotating electrical machine MG1, MG2 is determined.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL1 to be in a released state at a predetermined vehicle speed or higher so as to release the drive connection between the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine and the output shaft O. It is configured.
- the control of the clutch and the rotating electrical machine by the integrated control unit 36 will be described in detail.
- the integrated control unit 36 determines the traveling state of the vehicle based on the vehicle required torque calculated based on the accelerator opening and the vehicle speed as described above, and the rotation speed (vehicle speed) of the output shaft O.
- the integrated control unit 36 determines that the running state of the vehicle is stopped when the rotation speed of the output shaft O and the vehicle required torque are zero. Further, when the integrated control unit 36 determines that the vehicle request torque is equal to or greater than the predetermined torque threshold, the vehicle is traveling uphill or is accelerating rapidly, and the vehicle traveling state is determined to be uphill traveling.
- the torque threshold is set to the output equivalent maximum torque of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 at the rotation speed of each output shaft O.
- the integrated control unit 36 determines that the rotational speed (vehicle speed) of the output shaft O is equal to or higher than a predetermined speed threshold, the integrated control unit 36 determines that the traveling state of the vehicle is high-speed traveling.
- the speed threshold is set to the output-converted maximum rotation speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the integrated control unit 36 determines that the vehicle required torque and the rotation speed of the output shaft O are outside the torque output region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 as shown by a region surrounded by a solid line in FIG. In such a case, the traveling state of the vehicle is determined as traveling uphill or traveling at high speed. And the integrated control part 36 determines with the driving
- the integrated control unit 36 determines that the operation of the air conditioner that needs to drive the compressor CM is requested by the driver based on the position of the air conditioner switch, there is a request for the operation of the air conditioner. In other cases, it is determined that there is no request for operating the air conditioner. In FIG. 4, “ON” indicates that there is an air conditioner operation request, and “OFF” indicates that there is no air conditioner operation request.
- the integrated control unit 36 puts the third clutch CL3 into an engaged state. Control and control of the second clutch CL2 to the disengaged state allows the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to be driven and connected only to the compressor connecting shaft CMC, and the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be transmitted only to the compressor CM. To. Then, the integrated control unit 36 calculates the second required torque based on the torque required for driving the compressor (compressor required torque). In this case, the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL1 to the disengaged state to separate the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine from the output shaft O, and stops driving the first rotating electrical machine MG1. Let
- the integrated control unit 36 is in a case where there is a request for operation of the air conditioner, and the vehicle traveling state is steady traveling (when the vehicle requested torque can be output only by the first rotating electrical machine MG1).
- the third clutch CL3 is controlled to be in the engaged state and the second clutch CL2 is controlled to be in the disengaged state so that the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is driven and connected only to the compressor connecting shaft CMC.
- the driving force of MG2 can be transmitted only to the compressor CM.
- the integrated control unit 36 calculates the second required torque based on the compressor required torque.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL1 to be in an engaged state when the running state of the vehicle is a steady running so that the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O.
- the driving force of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 can be transmitted to the output shaft O.
- the integrated control unit 36 calculates the first required torque based on the vehicle required torque.
- the integrated control unit 36 outputs the vehicle required torque only by the first rotating electrical machine MG1 when the vehicle traveling state is uphill traveling or high speed traveling.
- the second clutch CL2 is controlled to be engaged and the third clutch CL3 is controlled to be released so that the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is driven and connected only to the output shaft O.
- the driving force of the two-rotary electric machine MG2 can be transmitted only to the output shaft O.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL ⁇ b> 1 to be in a released state, and separates the rotor shaft RS ⁇ b> 1 of the first rotating electrical machine from the output shaft O. Then, the integrated control unit 36 calculates the second required torque based on the vehicle required torque so as to drive the vehicle by the second rotating electrical machine MG2, and stops the driving of the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the driving of the compressor CM is stopped and the second The driving force of the rotating electrical machine MG2 can be used only for driving the vehicle, and the driving performance of the vehicle can be secured with priority.
- the third clutch CL3 is controlled to be in the released state when the vehicle is traveling at a high speed and the compressor connecting shaft CMC is at a high rotational speed.
- the drive of the compressor CM can be stopped so that the compressor CM is not rotated to a high rotational speed. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the compressor CM high-performance capable of rotating to a high rotational speed, and the compressor CM can be made relatively inexpensive.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL1 to the released state so that the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is not rotated at the output converted maximum rotational speed or more when the traveling state of the vehicle is the high-speed traveling.
- the output conversion maximum rotational speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 can be set regardless of the rotational speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed.
- the output converted maximum rotation speed of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is set lower than the rotation speed of the output shaft O at the maximum vehicle speed. Thereby, the usage frequency of the high efficiency area
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the third clutch CL3 to be in a released state regardless of the traveling state of the vehicle.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL1 and the second clutch CL2 to the disengaged state in addition to the third clutch CL3 when the traveling state of the vehicle is a stopped state.
- the integrated control part 36 stops the drive of each rotary electric machine MG1 and MG2.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the second clutch CL2 to the disengaged state in addition to the third clutch CL3 so that the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is compressed. Separated from the connecting shaft CMC and the output shaft O. And the integrated control part 36 stops the drive of 2nd rotary electric machine MG2. Further, the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL1 to be in an engaged state so that the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O, and the driving force of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is applied to the output shaft O. To be able to communicate. Then, the integrated control unit 36 sets the first required torque based on the vehicle required torque.
- the integrated control unit 36 is a case where there is no operation request of the air conditioner and the vehicle traveling state is an uphill traveling or a high speed traveling (the vehicle requested torque can be output only by the first rotating electrical machine MG1). If not, the second clutch CL2 is controlled to be in an engaged state and the first clutch CL1 and the third clutch CL3 are controlled to be in a disengaged state as in the case where there is a request for operating the air conditioner. Then, the integrated control unit 36 calculates the second required torque based on the vehicle required torque and stops driving the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is used. Can be used to drive the vehicle, and the required vehicle torque can be output.
- the output equivalent maximum torque of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum vehicle request torque alone. Described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, even if the output equivalent maximum torque of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum vehicle required torque in total with the output equivalent maximum torque of the first rotating electrical machine MG1, as shown in FIG. Good. That is, the output equivalent maximum torque of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 may be set to be less than the maximum vehicle required torque and larger than the output equivalent maximum torque of the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2 If the sum of the output converted maximum torque of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 and the output converted maximum torque of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is set to be equal to or greater than the maximum vehicle required torque, the second rotating electrical machine MG2 The output equivalent maximum torque may be set smaller than the output equivalent maximum torque of the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the integrated control unit 36 engages the first clutch CL ⁇ b> 1 in the engaged state regardless of whether the air conditioner is requested to drive when the traveling state of the vehicle is uphill traveling.
- the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is also drive-coupled to the output shaft O so that the driving force of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 can be transmitted to the output shaft O in addition to the second rotating electrical machine MG2.
- the integrated control unit 36 calculates the first request torque and the second request torque based on the vehicle request torque. For example, the first request torque and the second request torque are set so that the total torque of the first request torque and the second request torque converted to the output shaft becomes the vehicle request torque.
- the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O by the engagement of the second clutch CL2, and is driven to the compressor connecting shaft CMC by the engagement of the third clutch CL3.
- the case where they are connected has been described as an example.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is selectively drive-coupled to or separated from either the output shaft O or the compressor coupling shaft CMC by the dog clutch DG1. You may be comprised so that.
- the dog clutch DG1 is spline-fitted to the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine so as to be movable in the axial direction.
- the gear selector GS1 of the dog clutch DG1 is moved on the rotor shaft RS2 in the axial direction to the output shaft O side (left side in FIG. 7) and coupled to the coupling shaft CA1 that is drivingly coupled to the fourth gear RG4 of the power transmission mechanism RG.
- the fourth gear RG4 of the power transmission mechanism RG and the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine are drivingly connected via the dog clutch DG1, and the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be transmitted only to the output shaft O.
- the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be transmitted only to the output shaft O.
- the dog clutch DG1 functions as the second clutch CL2 that selectively drives or connects the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O, and also connects the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the compressor connecting shaft. It functions as a third clutch CL3 that selectively connects to or disconnects from the CMC.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2, the compressor CM, and the dog clutch DG1 are arranged coaxially with the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the second rotating electrical machine MG2, the compressor CM, and the dog clutch DG1 may be disposed on a different axis from the first rotating electrical machine MG1, as shown in FIG.
- the connecting shaft CA1 is drivingly connected to the fifth gear RG5 instead of the fourth gear RG4.
- the dog clutch DG1 is configured to move in the axial direction by an electromagnetic force or a driving force of a servo motor, and is controlled by the control device 30 in the same manner as the second clutch control unit 34 or the third clutch control unit 35. Is done. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the integrated control unit 36 outputs the dog clutch DG ⁇ b> 1 regardless of whether the air conditioner is requested to drive or not when the vehicle is traveling uphill or traveling at high speed. By controlling the shaft O to be engaged, the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O so that the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be transmitted to the output shaft O.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the dog clutch DG1 to be engaged with the compressor connecting shaft CMC when there is a request for operation of the air conditioner and the traveling state of the vehicle is steady traveling or stopped. Then, the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the compressor connecting shaft CMC so that the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be transmitted to the compressor connecting shaft CMC. In cases other than the above, the integrated control unit 36 controls the dog clutch DG1 to a released state in which neither the output shaft O nor the compressor connecting shaft CMC is engaged.
- the output shaft O is drivingly connected to the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine by the engagement of the first clutch CL1, and the second rotating electrical machine MG2 is engaged by the engagement of the second clutch CL2.
- the case where it is drivingly connected to the rotor shaft RS2 has been described as an example.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10, the output shaft O is selectively selected from the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine and the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 by the dog clutch DG2 or the slide gear SG. It may be configured to be drive-coupled to or separated from both.
- the power transmission mechanism RG includes a sixth gear RG6 that is rotatably supported around the axis of the first gear RG1 instead of the second gear RG2 of FIG. And a seventh gear RG7 that is rotatably supported around the axis of the gear RG1.
- the seventh gear RG7 meshes with the fourth gear RG4 that is drivingly connected so as to rotate integrally with the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine.
- the sixth gear RG6 meshes with a fifth gear RG5 that is drivingly connected so as to rotate integrally with the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine.
- the dog clutch DG2 is between the sixth gear RG6 and the seventh gear RG7 and is spline-fitted to the shaft of the first gear RG1 so as to be movable in the axial direction.
- the first gear RG1 and the seventh gear RG7 of the power transmission mechanism RG are drivingly connected, and the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is engaged with the output shaft O.
- the gear selector GS2 of the dog clutch DG2 is at an intermediate position between the sixth gear RG6 and the seventh gear RG7, the output shaft O is either the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine or the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine. Both are in a separated state that is not drive-coupled.
- the dog clutch DG2 functions as the first clutch CL1 that selectively connects or disconnects the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O, and also connects the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O. It functions as a second clutch CL2 that selectively connects or disconnects.
- the dog clutch DG2 may be separately provided for connection / separation of the sixth gear RG6 and for connection / separation of the seventh gear RG7. In this case, both the first rotating electrical machine MG1 and the second rotating electrical machine MG2 are connected to the output shaft O, and the vehicle can be driven by the two rotating electrical machines.
- the second gear RG2 of the power transmission mechanism RG is spline-fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction with respect to the shaft of the first gear RG1, thereby forming the slide gear SG. is doing.
- a fifth gear RG5 that is drivingly connected to the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine and a fourth gear RG4 that is drivingly connected to the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine have a predetermined axis in the radial direction. It arrange
- the slide gear SG when the slide gear SG is at an intermediate position between the fourth gear RG4 and the fifth gear RG5, it does not mesh with any of the fourth gear RG4 and the fifth gear RG5, and the output shaft O is the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine. It will be in the isolation
- the slide gear SG functions as the first clutch CL1 that selectively connects or disconnects the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O, and also connects the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the output shaft. It functions as a second clutch CL2 that is selectively connected to or disconnected from O.
- the output shaft O is engaged with both the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine and the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine. If comprised in this way, the torque of both the 1st rotary electric machine MG1 and the 2nd rotary electric machine MG2 can be transmitted to a wheel, and a vehicle can be drive
- the dog clutch DG2 and the slide gear SG are configured to move in the axial direction by an electromagnetic force or a driving force of a servo motor, and are similar to the first clutch control unit 33 or the second clutch control unit 34 by the control device 30. It is controlled by the method. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, when the vehicle traveling state is an uphill traveling or a high speed traveling, the integrated control unit 36 performs dog clutch DG2 or sliding regardless of whether the air conditioner is requested to operate.
- the gear SG is engaged with the second rotating electrical machine MG2 and the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O so that the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 can be transmitted to the output shaft O.
- the integrated control unit 36 engages the dog clutch DG2 or the slide gear SG with the first rotating electrical machine MG1 side regardless of whether the air conditioner is requested to operate. And the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine is drivingly connected to the output shaft O so that the driving force of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 can be transmitted to the output shaft O. Further, when the traveling state of the vehicle is in a stopped state, the integrated control unit 36 sets the dog clutch DG2 or the slide gear SG to the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine and the first rotating electric machine regardless of whether the air conditioner is requested to operate. Control is performed so that the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is not engaged with the rotor shaft RS2.
- the dog clutch DG2 or the slide gear SG provided in place of the second clutch CL2 is arranged on the shaft of the first gear RG1, unlike the second clutch CL2, and is on the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine. Is not placed. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the compressor CM and the third clutch CL3 can be arranged on the same side as the side where the fifth gear RG5 is arranged with respect to the second rotating electrical machine MG2. Therefore, the compressor CM can be arranged at a position overlapping the output differential gear device DF in the radial direction, and the space outside the radial direction of the output differential gear device DF can be effectively used.
- the power transmission mechanism RG is any power transmission mechanism as long as it is a power transmission mechanism that drives and connects the rotor shaft RS1 of the first rotating electrical machine or the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine to the output shaft O at a predetermined speed ratio. It may be a mechanism.
- the power transmission mechanism RG may be a mechanism including a belt and a plurality of pulleys, or may be a mechanism including a chain and a plurality of gears.
- the first clutch CL1 and the third clutch CL3 are in the released state.
- the case where the driving of the first rotating electrical machine MG1 is stopped is controlled as an example.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the integrated control unit 36 controls the first clutch CL1 to the engaged state when there is a request for driving the air conditioner or when the vehicle is traveling uphill.
- the rotor shaft RS1 of the single-rotating electric machine may also be connected to the output shaft O so that the driving force of the first rotating electric machine MG1 can be transmitted to the output shaft O in addition to the second rotating electric machine MG2.
- the integrated control unit 36 calculates the first request torque and the second request torque based on the vehicle request torque. For example, the first request torque and the second request torque are set so that the total torque of the first request torque and the second request torque converted to the output shaft becomes the vehicle request torque. At this time, if the rotation speed of the output shaft O overlaps with the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1, the integrated control unit 36 makes the first required torque correspond to the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1. The remaining torque component obtained by subtracting the first request torque component from the vehicle request torque may be set as the second request torque.
- the integrated control unit 36 controls the third clutch CL3 to be engaged in addition to the first clutch CL1, so that the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine is connected to the compressor connecting shaft.
- the driving force of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 and the first rotating electrical machine MG1 may be transmitted to the compressor CM by being connected to the CMC.
- the integrated control unit 36 calculates the first request torque and the second request torque based on the vehicle request torque and the compressor request torque. For example, the first request torque and the second request torque are set so that the total torque of the first request torque and the second request torque converted to the output shaft becomes the total torque of the vehicle request torque and the compressor request torque converted to the output shaft. To do.
- the first required torque may be set with priority corresponding to the high efficiency region of the first rotating electrical machine MG1.
- the third clutch CL3 is controlled to the disengaged state when there is a request for driving the air conditioner and the traveling state of the vehicle is high speed traveling.
- the integrated control unit 36 may be configured to control the third clutch CL3 to the engaged state when there is a request for driving the air conditioner and the vehicle is traveling at a high speed.
- the compressor CM may be configured to use a variable displacement compressor capable of adjusting the driving load (negative torque).
- control which changes the drive load (negative torque) of a compressor may be performed so that the drive force of 2nd rotary electric machine MG2 may be used preferentially for the drive of a vehicle.
- the compressor driving load (negative torque) is controlled to be within a torque range obtained by subtracting the vehicle required torque from the output equivalent maximum torque of the second rotating electrical machine MG2 at the current rotational speed of the output shaft O.
- the second required torque is set to the total torque of the vehicle required torque and the compressor driving load (the absolute value of the negative torque).
- the compressor connecting shaft CMC is configured to be drivingly connected to the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine via the third clutch CL3
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the electric vehicle drive device 1 may be configured not to include the third clutch CL3 but to directly connect the compressor connection shaft CMC to the rotor shaft RS2 of the second rotating electrical machine.
- the compressor CM may be configured to use a variable displacement compressor capable of adjusting the driving load (negative torque). And it is comprised so that control which changes the drive load of variable displacement type compressor CM may be performed. For example, when there is no operation request of the air conditioner, the driving load of the compressor CM is changed to zero.
- the driving load of the compressor CM is changed to the driving load required for the compressor. Further, when there is a request for operating the air conditioner and the vehicle is traveling uphill or traveling at high speed, the driving load of the compressor CM is changed to zero. Even when the vehicle is traveling uphill or traveling at high speed, the driving load of the compressor CM may be set to be larger than zero as described in the other embodiments.
- first clutch CL1 and the second clutch CL2 as the engagement devices are clutches of a type that can be controlled to be engaged or released by the control device 30
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, one or both of the first clutch CL1 and the second clutch CL2 may be a one-way clutch (one-way clutch) that transmits rotational force only in one direction and idles in the opposite direction and does not transmit rotational force.
- the one-way clutch is in an engaged state when driving force is transmitted from the first rotating electrical machine MG1 or the second rotating electrical machine MG2 to the output shaft O, and is otherwise in a released state. If comprised in this way, the number of the actuators controlled by the control apparatus 30 can be reduced, and a system can be simplified and cost-reduced.
- first clutch CL1, the second clutch CL2, and the third clutch CL3 are clutches that engage or release the rotating members.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the first clutch CL1, the second clutch CL2, or the third clutch CL3 may be a brake that engages or releases the rotating member with the non-rotating member.
- a planetary gear mechanism having three rotating elements is provided between two rotating members to be connected to or separated from each other, and one rotating element is engaged with or released from the non-rotating member by a brake. The two rotating elements can be configured to be driven or separated.
- the present invention includes an output member that is drivingly connected to a wheel and a compressor connecting member that is connected to a compressor for an air conditioner, and a driving force transmitted to the output member and the compressor connecting member is generated by a rotating electrical machine. It can utilize suitably for the drive device for electric vehicles to generate.
- Electric vehicle drive device 30 Control device 31: First rotating electrical machine control unit 32: Second rotating electrical machine control unit 33: First clutch control unit 34: Second clutch control unit 35: Third clutch control unit 36: Integrated control unit CL1: First clutch (first engagement device) CL2: Second clutch (second engagement device) CL3: Third clutch (third engagement device) CM: Compressor CMC: Compressor connecting shaft IN1: First inverter IN2: Second inverter MG1: First rotating electrical machine MG2: Second rotating electrical machine O: Output shaft (output member) RG: Power transmission mechanism RS1: Rotor shaft RS2 of the first rotating electrical machine: Rotor shaft Se1 of the second rotating electrical machine: Rotational speed sensor Se2: Accelerator opening sensor Se3: Air conditioner switch Se4: Shift position sensor W: Wheel DG1: Dog clutch DG2 : Dog clutch GS1: Gear selector GS2: Gear selector SG: Slide gear
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Abstract
Description
また、本願において「駆動連結」とは、2つの回転要素が駆動力を伝達可能に連結された状態を指し、当該2つの回転要素が一体的に回転するように連結された状態、或いは当該2つの回転要素が一又は二以上の伝動部材を介して駆動力を伝達可能に連結された状態を含む概念として用いている。このような伝動部材としては、回転を同速で又は変速して伝達する各種の部材が含まれ、例えば、軸、歯車機構、ベルト、チェーン等が含まれる。また、このような伝動部材として、回転及び駆動力を選択的に伝達する係合要素、例えば摩擦クラッチや噛み合い式クラッチ等が含まれていてもよい。
また、第一回転電機に車輪駆動用のトルクを出力させない場合は、第一係合装置を解放状態に制御することにより、第一回転電機を回転させないようにできる。よって、第一回転電機を回転させることによるエネルギ損失を減少させることができる。
また、コンプレッサの駆動要求の有無に関わらず、車輪へ伝達することが要求される車両要求トルクが高い場合等には、第三係合装置を解放状態に制御することで、各回転電機の駆動力を、コンプレッサに伝達させずに出力部材に伝達させ、車両の駆動性能を優先的に確保できる。
本発明に係る電動車両用駆動装置1の実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本実施形態に係る電動車両用駆動装置1の概略構成を示す模式図である。この図に示すように、本実施形態に係る電動車両用駆動装置1は、車輪Wに駆動連結される出力軸Oと、エアコンディショナ用のコンプレッサCMに連結されるコンプレッサ連結軸CMCと、を有しており、出力軸O及びコンプレッサ連結軸CMCに伝達する駆動力を回転電機MG1、MG2により発生させる駆動装置である。
電動車両用駆動装置1は、ロータ軸RS1が出力軸Oに駆動連結された第一回転電機MG1を備えている。そして、ロータ軸RS2がコンプレッサ連結軸CMCに駆動連結されると共に出力軸Oに駆動連結される第二回転電機MG2と、を備えている。なお、出力軸Oが、本発明における「出力部材」であり、コンプレッサ連結軸CMCが、本願における「コンプレッサ連結部材」である。
1-1.第一回転電機MG1
図1に示すように、第一回転電機MG1は、非回転部材に固定されたステータSt1と、このステータSt1の径方向内側に、回転自在に支持されたロータ軸RS1を備えたロータRo1と、を有している。この第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1の回転が動力伝達機構RGを介して伝達されて出力軸Oに伝達されるように駆動連結されている。
第一クラッチCL1は、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1を、出力軸Oに、選択的に駆動連結又は駆動連結を解除(分離)する係合装置である。本実施形態では、第一クラッチCL1の入力側部材は、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1と一体回転するように駆動連結されており、第一クラッチCL1の出力側部材は、動力伝達機構RGの第四ギヤRG4と一体回転するように駆動連結されている。そして、第一クラッチCL1の入力側部材と出力側部材との間が、選択的に係合又は解放される。本実施形態では、第一クラッチCL1は、電磁クラッチとされている。ここで、電磁クラッチとは、クラッチの係合又は解放を電磁石に発生させる電磁力により行う装置である。なお、第一クラッチCL1に、クラッチの係合又は解放を油圧により行う油圧クラッチ、又はサーボモータの駆動力により行う電動クラッチなどが用いられてもよい。
第二回転電機MG2は、非回転部材に固定されたステータSt2と、このステータSt2の径方向内側に、回転自在に支持されたロータ軸RS2を備えたロータRo2と、を有している。この第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2は、第三クラッチCL3を介してコンプレッサ連結軸CMCに駆動連結される。また、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2は、第二クラッチCL2及び動力伝達機構RGを介して出力軸Oに駆動連結される。
また、第二クラッチCL2が係合状態にある場合には、第二回転電機MG2からロータ軸RS2へ伝達されたトルクは、動力伝達機構RG、出力軸O、出力用差動歯車装置DF、及び車軸AXを介して、左右2つの車輪Wに伝達される。なお、第二回転電機MG2から車輪Wまでの動力伝達経路上に、動力伝達機構RGに代えて又は加えて、変速比が変更可能に構成された変速装置や遊星歯車機構などの各種の変速機構が備えられてもよい。
第二クラッチCL2は、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2を、出力軸Oに、選択的に駆動連結又は駆動連結を解除(分離)する係合装置である。本実施形態では、第二クラッチCL2の入力側部材は、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2と一体回転するように駆動連結されており、第二クラッチCL2の出力側部材は、動力伝達機構RGの第五ギヤRG5と一体回転するように駆動連結されている。そして、第二クラッチCL2の入力側部材と出力側部材との間が、選択的に係合又は解放される。本実施形態では、第二クラッチCL2は、電磁クラッチとされている。なお、第二クラッチCL2に、油圧クラッチ又は電動クラッチなどが用いられてもよい。
第三クラッチCL3は、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2を、コンプレッサ連結軸CMCに、選択的に駆動連結又は駆動連結を解除(分離)する係合装置である。本実施形態では、第三クラッチCL3の入力側部材は、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2と一体回転するように駆動連結されており、第三クラッチCL3の出力側部材は、コンプレッサ連結軸CMCと一体回転するように駆動連結されている。そして、第三クラッチCL3の入力側部材と出力側部材との間が、選択的に係合又は解放される。本実施形態では、第三クラッチCL3は、電磁クラッチとされている。なお、第三クラッチCL3に、油圧クラッチ又は電動クラッチなどが用いられてもよい。
上記のように、本実施形態においては、第一クラッチCL1の出力側部材及び第二クラッチCL2の出力側部材は、動力伝達機構RGを介して出力軸Oに駆動連結されるように構成されている。動力伝達機構RGは、図1に示すように、第一ギヤRG1と第二ギヤRG2とにより構成されるカウンタギヤ機構と、第三ギヤRG3と、第四ギヤRG4と、第五ギヤRG5と、を備えている。カウンタギヤ機構は、第一ギヤRG1と当該第一ギヤRG1より大径の第二ギヤRG2とを一体回転するように駆動連結して構成されている。第一ギヤRG1は、出力軸Oと一体回転するように駆動連結されている第三ギヤRG3と噛み合っている。第二ギヤRG2は、第一クラッチCL1の出力側部材と一体回転するように駆動連結されている第四ギヤRG4と噛み合っている。また、第二ギヤRG2は、第四ギヤRG4とは異なる周方向位置で、第二クラッチCL2の出力側部材と一体回転するように駆動連結されている第五ギヤRG5と噛み合っている。
出力用差動歯車装置DFは、互いに噛み合う複数の傘歯車を用いた差動歯車機構とされており、出力軸Oに伝達される回転及びトルクを分配して、それぞれ車軸AXを介して左右2つの車輪Wに伝達する。
車両には、車内の温度及び湿度を調節するためのエアコンディショナが備えられている。コンプレッサCMは、エアコンディショナに用いられる熱媒を圧縮する装置であり、外部からの回転駆動力により駆動されるものとなっている。本実施形態では、コンプレッサCMとして、ベーンロータリー式のコンプレッサが用いられている。コンプレッサCMのロータは、コンプレッサ連結軸CMCと一体回転するように駆動連結されている。なお、コンプレッサCMとして、スクロール式、斜板式、可変容量式(片側斜板式)等のコンプレッサが用いられてもよい。
以下で、車両に要求される出力トルク特性、及び第一回転電機MG1及び第二回転電機MG2に設定される出力トルク特性、並びに各クラッチの機能について説明する。
2-1.比較例の電動車両用駆動装置
本実施形態とは異なり、第二回転電機MG2の駆動力を車両の駆動力源として用いない比較例の電動車両用駆動装置では、図3(a)に示すように、第一回転電機のみの駆動力で、十分な車両の出力トルク特性が得られるようにする必要がある。すなわち、第一回転電機は、図3(a)の比較例に示すように、最高車速に対応した出力軸Oの回転速度の実用範囲に亘って、求められるトルクを出力可能である必要がある。特に、第一回転電機は、所定の急勾配(例えば18°)の坂を登れるようなトルクを出力することが要求される。よって、図3(a)の比較例に示すように、第一回転電機は、このような車輪の駆動のために出力軸Oに伝達することが要求される車両要求トルクの最大値である最大車両要求トルクに対応するトルクを出力可能である必要がある。すなわち、第一回転電機が出力軸Oに伝達できるトルクの最大値である出力換算最大トルクが、最大車両要求トルク以上である必要がある。
従って、本実施形態とは異なり第二回転電機MG2を利用しない電動車両用駆動装置では、第一回転電機として、最大出力トルクが大きく、且つトルクを出力可能な最高回転速度が高い、大型で高性能なものを備える必要がある。
2-2-1.第二回転電機の車両の駆動力源への利用
一方、本実施形態に係わる電動車両用駆動装置1では、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1に加えて、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2も出力軸Oに駆動連結され、車両の駆動力源に用いられるように構成されている。このため、第一回転電機MG1及び第二回転電機MG2は、いずれか一方が単独で、又は双方の協働で、出力軸Oの回転速度の実用範囲に亘って車両要求トルクを出力可能であり、最大車両要求トルクを出力可能であればよい。すなわち、第一回転電機MG1及び第二回転電機MG2のいずれか一方の出力トルク又は双方の出力トルクの合計トルクが、出力軸換算で、出力軸Oの回転速度の実用範囲に亘って車両要求トルクを満たすように構成されればよい。
よって、第二回転電機MG2を車両の駆動力源として用いない比較例の電動車両用駆動装置の場合に比べて、本実施形態では、第一回転電機MG1に対して設定される出力トルク特性の設定自由度を高めることができる。
本実施形態では、図3(b)に示すように、第一回転電機MG1は、出力軸Oに伝達できるトルクの最大値である出力換算最大トルクが、最大車両要求トルクよりも低くされている。
回転電機の高効率領域は、回転電機の大きさなどに関わらず相似的に、その最大出力トルクに対する中トルク域であって、トルクを出力できる最高の回転速度に対する中回転速度域に位置する。よって、回転電機の高効率領域は、その出力換算最大トルクに対する中トルク域であって、その出力換算最高回転速度に対する中回転速度域に位置する。
本実施形態では、第一回転電機MG1の出力換算最大トルクを、最大車両要求トルクに対して低く設定している。これにより、当該出力換算最大トルクの中トルク域に位置する第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域を、最大車両要求トルクに対する中トルク域から低下させ、第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域を、最大車両要求トルクに対する低トルク域に位置する定常走行の高頻度領域に近づけて重複させている。このようにすることで、第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域の使用頻度を高めて、電力消費率を向上させることができる。
回転電機は、トルクを出力できる最高回転速度を上回るような回転速度では、回転により生じる逆起電圧が大きくなり、逆起電圧が許容値を超える恐れがある。このため、回転電機は、トルクを出力できる最高回転速度以上で回転されないように構成する必要がある。従って、上記した図3の(a)の比較例では、第一回転電機は、トルクを出力できる最高回転速度を出力軸Oでの回転速度に換算した出力換算最高回転速度が、最高車速での出力軸Oの回転速度以上となるように構成されている。
本実施形態では、図3(b)に示すように、第一回転電機MG1は、出力軸Oにトルクを伝達できる回転速度の最大値を出力軸Oでの回転速度に換算した値である出力換算最高回転速度が、最高車速での出力軸Oの回転速度よりも低くされている。
よって、第一回転電機MG1の出力換算最高回転速度に対する中回転速度域に位置する第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域を、最高車速での出力軸Oの回転速度に対する中回転速度域よりも低く設定することができる。そこで、第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域を、最高車速での出力軸Oの回転速度に対する低中回転速度域に位置する定常走行の高頻度領域に近づけて重複させている。これにより、第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域の使用頻度を高めて、電力消費率を向上させることができる。
なお、車両の要求性能に応じて、第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域を任意の運転領域に設定するように構成してもよい。例えば、第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域を、加速走行の高頻度領域に近づけて重複させるように構成してもよい。
言い換えると、本実施形態では、第一回転電機MGの出力換算最大トルク及び出力換算最高回転速度のそれぞれは、定常走行の高頻度領域に対する第一回転電機MG1の高効率領域の重複が大きくなるように設定されている。
一方、本実施形態に係わる第二回転電機MG2は、図3の(b)に示すように、出力軸Oに伝達できるトルクの最大値である出力換算最大トルクが、第一回転電機MG1よりも高く設定され、且つ単独で最大車両要求トルク以上となるように設定されている。よって、第二回転電機MG2は、単独で、最大車両要求トルクに対応するトルクを出力できる。
本実施形態に係わる電動車両用駆動装置1には、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2と出力軸Oとの駆動連結を解除可能な第二クラッチCL2が備えられている。
車両を駆動するために第二回転電機MG2にトルクを出力させない場合は、第二クラッチCL2を解放させる。これにより、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2と出力軸Oとの駆動連結を解除して、第二回転電機MG2を回転させないようにできる。よって、第二回転電機MG2を回転させることによるエネルギ損失を減少させて、第一回転電機MG1による車両の駆動効率を向上させることができる。
また、コンプレッサCMを駆動するためだけに第二回転電機MG2にトルクを出力させる場合は、第二クラッチCL2を解放させる。これにより、出力軸Oの回転速度に影響されず、第二回転電機MG2をコンプレッサCMの駆動のために、最適な回転速度及び出力トルクで運転することができ、エネルギ効率を高めることができると共に、最適な空調を行うことができる。
本実施形態では、第二回転電機MG2に設定された最大出力が、第一回転電機MG1に設定された最大出力より大きく設定されている。ここで、回転電機の出力とは、仕事率〔W〕を指す。すなわち、回転電機の出力は、出力トルクと回転速度を乗算した値に相当する。図3の(b)に示す出力トルク特性では、各回転電機MG1、MG2に設定された最大出力は、概ね、出力換算最大トルクが出力軸Oの回転速度に反比例して変化する曲線(最大出力曲線)上にある。第二回転電機MG2の最大出力曲線は、第一回転電機MG1の最大出力曲線よりも外側(グラフ右上)にあり、第二回転電機MG2に設定された最大出力が、第一回転電機MG1に設定された最大出力より大きく設定されている。
ここで、各回転電機MG1、MG2に設定された最大出力とは、各回転電機MG1、MG2が車両に搭載され、制御装置30により制御されている条件における、出力軸換算での各回転電機MG1、MG2の出力の最大値である。すなわち、図3の(b)に示すような、制御装置30に設定されている各回転電機MG1、MG2の出力トルク特性における最大出力である。
本実施形態に係わる電動車両用駆動装置1には、第二回転電機MG2のロータ軸RS2とコンプレッサ連結軸CMCとの駆動連結を解除可能な第三クラッチCL3が備えられている。
上記のように、第二回転電機MG2は、コンプレッサCMの駆動力源としてだけでなく、車両の駆動力源としても用いられる。車両の駆動力源として用いられる場合は、第二回転電機MG2の回転速度は、コンプレッサCMの駆動要求とは無関係に、車速に比例して最高車速に対応する高回転速度まで変化する。本実施形態では、第二回転電機と出力軸Oとの間には、変速比を変更可能な変速機構が備えられていないため、第二回転電機MG2の最高回転速度は比較的高くなる。コンプレッサCMは、その回転速度に応じて駆動エネルギが大きくなるため、最高車速に対応する高回転速度まで回転されると、コンプレッサCMを駆動するためのエネルギ損失が大きくなる。また、コンプレッサCMを、最高車速に対応する高回転速度まで回転可能な高性能なものとする必要がある。
しかし、本実施形態では、第三クラッチCL3が備えられているので、コンプレッサCMの駆動要求がない場合に、第三クラッチCL3を解放することで、車速に応じてコンプレッサCMが駆動されて、駆動エネルギが無駄に消費されることを防止できる。
また、コンプレッサの駆動要求の有無に関わらず、第三クラッチCL3を解放することで、第二回転電機MG2及び第一回転電機MG1の駆動力を、コンプレッサCMに伝達させずに、出力軸Oに伝達させ、車両の駆動に優先的に用いることができる。また、第三クラッチCL3を解放することで、コンプレッサCMを、最高車速に対応する高回転速度まで回転させないようにできる。よって、コンプレッサCMを、高回転速度まで回転可能な高性能なものとする必要がなくなり、比較的廉価なものとすることができる。
次に、第一クラッチCL1、第二クラッチCL2、第三クラッチCL3、第一回転電機MG1、及び第二回転電機MG2を制御する制御装置30の構成について図2に基づいて説明する。
制御装置30は、CPU等の演算処理装置を中核部材として備えるとともに、当該演算処理装置からデータを読み出し及び書き込みが可能に構成されたRAM(ランダム・アクセス・メモリ)や、演算処理装置からデータを読み出し可能に構成されたROM(リード・オンリ・メモリ)等の記憶装置等を有して構成されている。そして、制御装置30のROM等に記憶されたソフトウェア(プログラム)又は別途設けられた演算回路等のハードウェア、或いはそれらの両方により、図2に示すような制御装置30の機能部31~36などが構成されている。
アクセル開度センサSe2は、運転者により操作されるアクセルペダルの操作量を表すアクセル開度を検出するセンサである。
エアコンスイッチSe3は、運転者がエアコンディショナの運転状態を操作するスイッチである。エアコンスイッチSe3のスイッチ位置の情報は制御装置30に入力される。
シフト位置センサSe4は、シフトレバーの選択位置(シフト位置)を検出するセンサである。制御装置30は、シフト位置センサSe4からの入力情報に基づいて、「ドライブレンジ」、「ニュートラルレンジ」、「後進ドライブレンジ」、「パーキングレンジ」等のいずれのレンジが運転者により指定されたかを検出する。
第一回転電機制御部31は、第一回転電機MG1の動作制御を行う機能部である。
第一回転電機制御部31は、後述する統合制御部36から指令された第一要求トルクを第一回転電機MG1に出力させるための制御を行う。そのために、第一回転電機制御部31は、第一要求トルク、第一回転電機MG1の回転角度、及びコイル電流などに基づき、第一インバータIN1が備えた複数のスイッチング素子をオンオフ駆動する信号を出力して、第一インバータIN1を駆動制御する。
第二回転電機制御部32は、第二回転電機MG2の動作制御を行う機能部である。
第二回転電機制御部32は、後述する統合制御部36から指令された第二要求トルクを第二回転電機MG2に出力させるための制御を行う。そのために、第二回転電機制御部32は、第二要求トルク、第二回転電機MG2の回転角度、及びコイル電流などに基づき、第二インバータIN2が備えた複数のスイッチング素子をオンオフ駆動する信号を出力して、第二インバータIN2を駆動制御する。
第一クラッチ制御部33は、第一クラッチCL1の動作制御を行う機能部である。
第一クラッチ制御部33は、後述する統合制御部36から指令された第一クラッチCL1の係合又は解放の指令に応じて、第一クラッチCL1を係合又は解放させる信号を出力して、第一クラッチCL1の係合又は解放を制御する。本実施形態では、第一クラッチ制御部33は、第一クラッチCL1に備えられた電磁石のコイルへの通電をオンオフする信号を出力するように構成されている。
第二クラッチ制御部34は、第二クラッチCL2の動作制御を行う機能部である。
第二クラッチ制御部34は、後述する統合制御部36から指令された第二クラッチCL2の係合又は解放の指令に応じて、第二クラッチCL2を係合又は解放させる信号を出力して、第二クラッチCL2の係合又は解放を制御する。本実施形態では、第二クラッチ制御部34は、第二クラッチCL2に備えられた電磁石のコイルへの通電をオンオフする信号を出力するように構成されている。
第三クラッチ制御部35は、第三クラッチCL3の動作制御を行う機能部である。
第三クラッチ制御部35は、後述する統合制御部36から指令された第三クラッチCL3の係合又は解放の指令に応じて、第三クラッチCL3を係合又は解放させる信号を出力して、第三クラッチCL3の係合又は解放を制御する。本実施形態では、第三クラッチ制御部35は、第三クラッチCL3に備えられた電磁石のコイルへの通電をオンオフする信号を出力するように構成されている。
統合制御部36は、第一クラッチCL1、第二クラッチCL2、第三クラッチCL3、第一回転電機MG1、及び第二回転電機MG2等に対して行われるトルク制御、及びクラッチの係合制御等を車両全体として統合する制御を行う機能部である。
統合制御部36は、上記した車両の出力トルク特性に適合したトルクを、出力軸Oに出力させるため、第一クラッチCL1、第二クラッチCL2、及び第三クラッチCL3の係合又は解放の指令を決定すると共に、各回転電機MG1、MG2の駆動状態を決定し、各機能部31~35に指令する。
本実施形態では、統合制御部36は、図4に示すように、エアコンディショナの運転要求の有無、及び車両の走行状態に応じて、各クラッチCL1~CL3の係合又は解放の指令を決定すると共に、各回転電機MG1、MG2の駆動状態を決定する。
統合制御部36は、出力軸Oの回転速度及び車両要求トルクがゼロである場合は、車両の走行状態を停止と判定する。
また、統合制御部36は、車両要求トルクが所定のトルク閾値以上であると判定した場合は、車両が登坂を走行している、又は急加速しており、車両の走行状態を登坂走行と判定する。例えば、トルク閾値を、各出力軸Oの回転速度における第一回転電機MG1の出力換算最大トルクに設定する。
また、統合制御部36は、出力軸Oの回転速度(車速)が所定の速度閾値以上であると判定した場合は、車両の走行状態を高速走行と判定する。例えば、速度閾値を、第一回転電機MG1の出力換算最高回転速度に設定する。
そして、統合制御部36は、車両の走行状態を停止、登坂走行、及び高速走行の何れにも判定していない場合は、車両の走行状態を定常走行と判定する。
統合制御部36は、エアコンディショナの運転要求ありの場合であって、車両の走行状態が停止状態である場合には、第三クラッチCL3を係合状態に制御すると共に第二クラッチCL2を解放状態に制御して、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2をコンプレッサ連結軸CMCのみに駆動連結させ、第二回転電機MG2の駆動力を、コンプレッサCMのみに伝達可能にする。そして、統合制御部36は、コンプレッサの駆動のために要求されるトルク(コンプレッサ要求トルク)に基づいて、第二要求トルクを算出する。なお、この場合は、統合制御部36は、第一クラッチCL1を解放状態に制御して、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1を出力軸Oから分離させると共に、第一回転電機MG1の駆動を停止させる。
また、エアコンディショナの運転要求がある場合であっても、車両の走行状態が高速走行であり、コンプレッサ連結軸CMCが高回転速度になる場合には、第三クラッチCL3を解放状態に制御することにより、コンプレッサCMの駆動を停止して、コンプレッサCMを、高回転速度まで回転させないようにできる。よって、コンプレッサCMを、高回転速度まで回転可能な高性能なものとする必要がなくなり、比較的廉価なものとすることができる。
統合制御部36は、エアコンディショナの運転要求なしの場合には、車両の走行状態に関わらず、第三クラッチCL3を解放状態に制御する。
統合制御部36は、車両の走行状態が停止状態である場合には、第三クラッチCL3に加えて第一クラッチCL1及び第二クラッチCL2も解放状態に制御する。そして、統合制御部36は、各回転電機MG1、MG2の駆動を停止させる。
最後に、本発明のその他の実施形態について説明する。なお、以下に説明する各実施形態の構成は、それぞれ単独で適用されるものに限られず、矛盾が生じない限り、他の実施形態の構成と組み合わせて適用することも可能である。
また、第二回転電機MG2の出力換算最大トルクと、第一回転電機MG1の出力換算最大トルクとの合計で、最大車両要求トルク以上となるように設定されていれば、第二回転電機MG2の出力換算最大トルクは、第一回転電機MG1の出力換算最大トルクより小さく設定されていてもよい。
一方、ドグクラッチDG1のギヤセレクタGS1が、ロータ軸RS2上を軸方向にコンプレッサ連結軸CMC側(図7の右側)に移動されて、コンプレッサ連結軸CMCと連結した場合は、ドグクラッチDG1を介して、コンプレッサ連結軸CMCと第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2とが駆動連結され、第二回転電機MG2の駆動力はコンプレッサ連結軸CMCのみに伝達可能にされる。
また、ドグクラッチDG1のギヤセレクタGS1が、連結軸CA1とコンプレッサ連結軸CMCとの中間位置にある場合は、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2は、出力軸O及びコンプレッサ連結軸CMCの何れとも駆動連結されていない分離状態となる。
具体的には、図8に示すように、統合制御部36は、車両の走行状態が登坂走行又は高速走行である場合には、エアコンディショナの運転要求の有無に関わらず、ドグクラッチDG1を出力軸Oと係合状態に制御して、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2を出力軸Oに駆動連結させ、第二回転電機MG2の駆動力を出力軸Oに伝達可能にする。
また、統合制御部36は、エアコンディショナの運転要求ありの場合であって、車両の走行状態が定常走行又は停止状態である場合には、ドグクラッチDG1をコンプレッサ連結軸CMCと係合状態に制御して、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2をコンプレッサ連結軸CMCに駆動連結させ、第二回転電機MG2の駆動力をコンプレッサ連結軸CMCに伝達可能にする。
上記以外の場合は、統合制御部36は、ドグクラッチDG1を、出力軸O及びコンプレッサ連結軸CMCの何れとも係合していない解放状態に制御する。
まず、ドグクラッチDG2が備えられる場合を説明する。
図9に示すように、例えば、動力伝達機構RGは、図1の第二ギヤRG2に代えて、第一ギヤRG1の軸周りに回転可能に支持された第六ギヤRG6と、同様に第一ギヤRG1の軸周りに回転可能に支持された第七ギヤRG7とを備えている。第七ギヤRG7は、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1と一体回転するように駆動連結されている第四ギヤRG4と噛み合っている。また、第六ギヤRG6は、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2と一体回転するように駆動連結されている第五ギヤRG5と噛み合っている。そして、ドグクラッチDG2は、第六ギヤRG6と第七ギヤRG7との間であって、第一ギヤRG1の軸に、軸方向に移動可能な状態でスプライン嵌合されている。
一方、ドグクラッチDG2のギヤセレクタGS2が、第一ギヤRG1の軸上を軸方向に第一回転電機側(図9の右側)に移動されて、第七ギヤRG7と連結した場合は、ドグクラッチDG2を介して動力伝達機構RGの第一ギヤRG1と第七ギヤRG7とが駆動連結されて、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1が出力軸Oと駆動連結された係合状態となる。
また、ドグクラッチDG2のギヤセレクタGS2が、第六ギヤRG6と第七ギヤRG7との中間位置にある場合は、出力軸Oが第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1及び第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2の何れとも駆動連結されていない分離状態となる。
次に、スライドギヤSGが備えられる場合を説明する。
図10に示すように、例えば、動力伝達機構RGの第二ギヤRG2が、第一ギヤRG1の軸に対して、軸方向に移動可能なようにスプライン嵌合されており、スライドギヤSGを構成している。そして、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2に駆動連結している第五ギヤRG5と、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1に駆動連結している第四ギヤRG4とが、径方向視で所定の軸方向間隔を有して配置され、径方向視で重複しないように配置されている。
一方、スライドギヤSGが、第一ギヤRG1の軸上を軸方向に第一回転電機側(図10の右側)に移動されて、第四ギヤRG4と噛み合った場合は、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1が出力軸Oと駆動連結された係合状態となる。
また、スライドギヤSGが、第四ギヤRG4と第五ギヤRG5との中間位置にある場合は、第四ギヤRG4及び第五ギヤRG5の何れとも噛み合わず、出力軸Oが第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1及び第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2の何れとも駆動連結されていない分離状態となる。
ドグクラッチDG2及びスライドギヤSGは、電磁力又はサーボモータの駆動力などにより軸方向に移動するように構成されており、制御装置30により、第一クラッチ制御部33又は第二クラッチ制御部34と同様の方法で制御される。
具体的には、図11に示すように、統合制御部36は、車両の走行状態が登坂走行又は高速走行である場合には、エアコンディショナの運転要求の有無に関わらず、ドグクラッチDG2又はスライドギヤSGを第二回転電機MG2側と係合状態に制御して、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2を出力軸Oに駆動連結させ、第二回転電機MG2の駆動力を出力軸Oに伝達可能にする。
また、統合制御部36は、車両の走行状態が定常走行である場合には、エアコンディショナの運転要求の有無に関わらず、ドグクラッチDG2又はスライドギヤSGを第一回転電機MG1側と係合状態に制御して、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1を出力軸Oに駆動連結させ、第一回転電機MG1の駆動力を出力軸Oに伝達可能にする。
また、統合制御部36は、車両の走行状態が停止状態である場合には、エアコンディショナの運転要求の有無に関わらず、ドグクラッチDG2又はスライドギヤSGを、第一回転電機のロータ軸RS1及び第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2の何れとも係合していない解放状態に制御する。
上記のように、第二クラッチCL2に代えて備えられるドグクラッチDG2又はスライドギヤSGは、第二クラッチCL2とは異なり、第一ギヤRG1の軸上に配置され、第二回転電機のロータ軸RS2上には配置されない。よって、図9及び図10に示すように、コンプレッサCM及び第三クラッチCL3を、第二回転電機MG2に対して第五ギヤRG5が配置されている側と同じ側に配置することができる。よって、コンプレッサCMを、出力用差動歯車装置DFと径方向視で重複する位置に配置することができ、出力用差動歯車装置DFの径方向外側の空間を有効利用することができる。
30 :制御装置
31 :第一回転電機制御部
32 :第二回転電機制御部
33 :第一クラッチ制御部
34 :第二クラッチ制御部
35 :第三クラッチ制御部
36 :統合制御部
CL1 :第一クラッチ(第一係合装置)
CL2 :第二クラッチ(第二係合装置)
CL3 :第三クラッチ(第三係合装置)
CM :コンプレッサ
CMC :コンプレッサ連結軸
IN1 :第一インバータ
IN2 :第二インバータ
MG1 :第一回転電機
MG2 :第二回転電機
O :出力軸(出力部材)
RG :動力伝達機構
RS1 :第一回転電機のロータ軸
RS2 :第二回転電機のロータ軸
Se1 :回転速度センサ
Se2 :アクセル開度センサ
Se3 :エアコンスイッチ
Se4 :シフト位置センサ
W :車輪
DG1 :ドグクラッチ
DG2 :ドグクラッチ
GS1 :ギヤセレクタ
GS2 :ギヤセレクタ
SG :スライドギヤ
Claims (8)
- 車輪に駆動連結される出力部材と、エアコンディショナ用のコンプレッサに連結されるコンプレッサ連結部材と、を有し、
前記出力部材及び前記コンプレッサ連結部材に伝達する駆動力を回転電機により発生させる電動車両用駆動装置であって、
ロータ軸が前記出力部材に駆動連結される第一回転電機と、
ロータ軸が前記コンプレッサ連結部材に駆動連結されると共に前記出力部材に駆動連結される第二回転電機と、
前記第一回転電機のロータ軸と前記出力部材との駆動連結を解除可能な第一係合装置と、
前記第二回転電機のロータ軸と前記出力部材との駆動連結を解除可能な第二係合装置と、を備えた電動車両用駆動装置。 - 前記出力部材及び前記コンプレッサ連結部材に伝達する駆動力を前記第一回転電機及び前記第二回転電機のみにより発生させる請求項1に記載の電動車両用駆動装置。
- 前記第二回転電機に設定された最大出力が、前記第一回転電機に設定された最大出力より大きい請求項1又は2に記載の電動車両用駆動装置。
- 前記第二回転電機は、前記出力部材にトルクを伝達できる回転速度の最大値を前記出力部材での回転速度に換算した値である出力換算最高回転速度が、最高車速での前記出力部材の回転速度以上である請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の電動車両用駆動装置。
- 前記第一回転電機は、前記出力部材にトルクを伝達できる回転速度の最大値を前記出力部材での回転速度に換算した値である出力換算最高回転速度が、前記第二回転電機よりも低い請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の電動車両用駆動装置。
- 前記第二回転電機は、前記出力部材に伝達できるトルクの最大値である出力換算最大トルクが前記第一回転電機よりも高く、当該第二回転電機の出力換算最大トルクが、単独で又は前記第一回転電機の出力換算最大トルクとの合計で、車輪の駆動のために前記出力部材に伝達することが要求される最大車両要求トルク以上となるように設定されている請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の電動車両用駆動装置。
- 前記第一係合装置は、予め定めた車速以上では前記第一回転電機のロータ軸と前記出力部材との駆動連結を解除する請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の電動車両用駆動装置。
- 前記第二回転電機のロータ軸と前記コンプレッサ連結部材との駆動連結を解除可能な第三係合装置を更に備えた請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の電動車両用駆動装置。
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| CN2011800416187A CN103079872A (zh) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-11-16 | 电动车辆用驱动装置 |
| DE201111102477 DE112011102477T5 (de) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-11-16 | Antriebsvorrichtung für ein Elektrofahrzeug |
| JP2013507048A JP5495086B2 (ja) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-11-16 | 電動車両用駆動装置 |
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| JP (1) | JP5495086B2 (ja) |
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| WO2014045707A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 車両用駆動装置 |
| JP2014199105A (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2014-10-23 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両の駆動装置 |
| WO2018083960A1 (ja) * | 2016-11-07 | 2018-05-11 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 車両駆動装置 |
| WO2019216043A1 (ja) * | 2018-05-11 | 2019-11-14 | 日本電産株式会社 | 駆動装置 |
| KR20210040043A (ko) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-04-12 | 섀플러 테크놀로지스 아게 운트 코. 카게 | 차량용 전기기계 구동 장치 |
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| DE102017216114B4 (de) * | 2017-09-12 | 2022-06-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Kraftfahrzeugantriebssystem aufweisend eine Nebenantriebsmaschine zum Antrieb eines Kältemittelverdichters und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen Kraftfahrzeugantriebssystem |
| FR3072351A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-19 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Groupe motoreducteur pour vehicule automobile |
| FR3075703B1 (fr) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-12-13 | Renault S.A.S. | Ensemble de transformation d'energie electrique en energie mecanique pour l'entrainement d'un vehicule automobile |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103079872A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
| DE112011102477T5 (de) | 2013-05-02 |
| US20120247269A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
| JP5495086B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
| JPWO2012132094A1 (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
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