WO2012131326A2 - Fixateur dynamique de doigt - Google Patents

Fixateur dynamique de doigt Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012131326A2
WO2012131326A2 PCT/GB2012/050605 GB2012050605W WO2012131326A2 WO 2012131326 A2 WO2012131326 A2 WO 2012131326A2 GB 2012050605 W GB2012050605 W GB 2012050605W WO 2012131326 A2 WO2012131326 A2 WO 2012131326A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pin
strut
dynamic finger
fixator
finger fixator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2012/050605
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012131326A3 (fr
Inventor
Simon Halsey
Tim ADLAM
Original Assignee
Bath Institute Of Medical Engineering
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bath Institute Of Medical Engineering filed Critical Bath Institute Of Medical Engineering
Publication of WO2012131326A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012131326A2/fr
Publication of WO2012131326A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012131326A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/60Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/64Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
    • A61B17/6458Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned with pin-clamps fixed at ends of connecting element
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/60Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/64Devices extending alongside the bones to be positioned
    • A61B17/6441Bilateral fixators, i.e. with both ends of pins or wires clamped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/60Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like for external osteosynthesis, e.g. distractors, contractors
    • A61B17/66Alignment, compression or distraction mechanisms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dynamic finger fixator for holding a broken, fractured or damaged finger during the healing process.
  • a damaged or fractured finger can be treated in various ways including early mobilisation (movement), splintage and stabilisation surgically.
  • the latter can include stabilisation with K wires, screws or screws and plates.
  • an external frame may be the only satisfactory solution.
  • the frame is typically fixed to the injured bones proximal and distal to the fracture.
  • Some form of external apparatus acts to distract the K wires, which forces then act against the natural tension forces of the soft tissues. This allows for realignment of the fracture fragments.
  • intra-articular fractures (into the joint) early movement helps to optimise recovery both of the joint and the soft tissues. At present the distraction force across the fracture is judged by experience.
  • the external frames used at present are either technically demanding to apply or adjust, or bulky; limiting their use especially to border digits.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a solution to these problems, whereby a separating force can be applied across a damaged area of a finger and the separating force can be easily adjusted as necessity dictates. Joint mobility is maintained during the recovery period due to the arrangement which facilitates dynamic fixation, thereby accelerating a return to a fully- functioning joint.
  • a dynamic finger fixator comprising a two-part elongate strut element and two pin engagable elements spaced apart on the two-part elongate strut element, the two-part elongate strut element including spacing-adjustment means for selectively adjusting and setting a spacing between the two pin engagable elements.
  • a dynamic finger fixator comprising a two-part elongate strut element and two pin engagable elements spaced apart on the two-part elongate strut element, the two-part elongate strut element including spacing-adjustment means for selectively adjusting and setting a spacing between the two pin engagable elements in situ, a first said part of the strut element including a strut member, and a second said part being or including a rotatable adjuster forming at least part of the spacing-adjustment means, the strut member including a first said pin engagable element and the rotatable adjuster including a second said pin engagable element which is off-centre on the rotatable adjuster, so that dynamic fixation is impartable to a patient's finger.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an in use dynamic finger fixator, in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a rotation tool being used to angularly adjust a rotatable adjuster of the dynamic finger fixator in situ
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective exploded view of a second embodiment of a dynamic finger fixator, in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows a plan exploded view of the dynamic finger fixator of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 shows the dynamic finger fixator of Figure 3 when located on a patient's finger
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a third embodiment of a dynamic finger fixator, in accordance with the present invention and shown located on a patient's finger.
  • a dynamic finger fixator 10 which comprises a two-part elongate strut element 12, two pin-engagable elements 14, a spacing-adjustment mechanism 16, and first and second resiliently flexible pin elements 18.
  • a first one of the pin-engagable elements 14 is provided at or adjacent to the tail end 26 and extends at least partway, and in this case a majority of the way, along a longitudinal extent of the body 22 of the strut member 20.
  • the first pin-engagable element 14 in this embodiment is a plurality of spaced-apart tail apertures 28 which extend through the body 22.
  • the tail apertures 28 are spread apart laterally, for example, by providing a plurality of adjacent staggered or offset rows, over the body 22 as well as longitudinally from the tail end 26.
  • An axis of the bore of each tail aperture 28 is preferably normal or substantially normal to the longitudinal extent of the body 22.
  • the head end 24 of the body 22 is enlarged relative to the tail end 26, and includes a single large head aperture 30, in this case being circular, therethrough.
  • the head aperture 30 is adapted to receive the second part of the strut element 12, being a rotatable adjuster 32.
  • the rotatable adjuster 32 is a circular disk dimensioned to form a tight factional fit within the head aperture 30.
  • the walls of the head aperture 30 and the rotatable adjuster 32 are cylindrical or substantially cylindrical, but may be tapering to form a Morse taper-fit, for example.
  • Other engagement means may also be considered, for example, by including a circumferentially extending ridge and channel partway along the lateral extents of the walls of the head aperture 30 and the rotatable adjuster 32, whereby a push- fit positive engagement is achievable.
  • the walls of the head aperture 30 and the rotatable adjuster 32 are smoothly continuous, they may include indexing means, such as low rise teeth, again to prevent or limit unintentional relative angular displacement.
  • the low rise teeth are preferably of a height that allows rotation of the rotatable adjuster 32 whilst within the head aperture 30, rather than requiring extraction and re-insertion.
  • the head aperture 30 and the rotatable adjuster 32 may be non-circular.
  • complementarily-shaped lugs may be formed into the walls to enable indexing.
  • the spacing-adjustment mechanism 16 makes use of the rotatable adjuster 32 and a second one of the pin-engagable elements 14 which includes a plurality of secondary head apertures 34 through the rotatable adjuster 32.
  • the secondary head apertures 34 extend in parallel with the tail apertures 28.
  • the secondary head apertures 34 are radially spaced from a rotational axis of the rotatable adjuster 32, and in this embodiment, the secondary head apertures 34 are equi- angularly spaced apart from each other. Additionally or alternatively, the secondary head apertures may be equi-radially spaced from a centre of rotation of the adjuster 32, or they may be or include non-uniformly radially spaced secondary head apertures for fine adjustment. For example, there may be more than one aperture aligned in a radial direction of the secondary head aperture.
  • the tail apertures 28 and the secondary head apertures 34 are dimensioned to receive as a close fit the pin elements 18 mentioned above.
  • the first pin element 18 typically being Kirschner wire, K-wire or other sterilised sharpened smooth stainless steel, titanium or other biocompatible material pin
  • the second pin element 18 again typically being Kirschner wire, K-wire or other sterilised sharpened smooth stainless steel, titanium or other biocompatible material pin, is inserted through the patient's finger 36 so that the bone is engaged to the other side of the damaged area.
  • the first pin element 18 is preferably inserted at or adjacent to the centre of rotation of the interphalangeal joint proximal of the damaged area, and the second pin element 18 is inserted through the phalanx adjacent to and distal of the damaged area.
  • a first strut element 12 is then located on the first and second pin elements 18 on one side of the finger 36, whereby the first pin element 18 is inserted into an appropriate one of the secondary head apertures 34, and the second pin element 18 is inserted into an appropriate one of the tail apertures 28.
  • the first and second pin elements 18, being resiliently flexible, are biased slightly away from each other by the strut element 12 by the engagement with the secondary head aperture 34 and the tail aperture 28.
  • a second strut element 12 is also located on the first and second pin elements 18 on the other side of the finger, in the same manner as the first strut element 12.
  • the first and second pin elements 18 may be deformed, such as by bending, to lock the strut elements 12 in place to the finger 36, and the two strut elements 12 are interengaged around the finger 36 using surgical tape, plaster or other suitable binding.
  • a surgical rotation tool 38 is then used to rotate the rotatable adjuster 32 in situ to further bias the first and second resiliently flexible pin elements 18 away from each other.
  • the rotation tool 38 preferably comprises a fixed head 40 and an elongate handle 42.
  • the head 40 includes at least two spaced-apart pins 44 which are receivable in at least two of the unoccupied secondary head apertures 34.
  • the pins 44 extend at or substantially at right angles to the handle 42. By turning the handle 42, the pins 44 cause the rotatable adjuster 32 to turn, thereby dynamically adjusting the tension imparted to the first and second pin elements 18.
  • the head 40 of the rotation tool 38 may utilise a single non-circular pin if the secondary head apertures 34 are non-circular, or may utilise openings if engagement pins are provided on the rotatable adjuster 32 instead. More than two spaced-apart pins can also be considered.
  • the finger fixator 10 of this embodiment comprises a two-part elongate strut element 12, two pin-engagable elements 14, a spacing-adjustment mechanism 16, and first and second pin elements which in this case are not shown but which are identical to those described above.
  • the strut element 12 includes similarly shaped first and second rigid strut members 20, generally being formed from biocompatible plastics or metal.
  • Each strut member 20 is planar or substantially planar and includes a body 22 having a head 46 and two-spaced apart legs 48 which extend from the head 46.
  • the legs 48 are parallel with each other, and are preferably interengaged via a cross-member 50 extending laterally therebetween partway along their longitudinal extents.
  • the two strut members 20 are abutable on their inner faces 52, and these inner faces 52 include the spacing-adjustment mechanism 16 which in this case comprises opposing sets of interengagable teeth 54.
  • the teeth 54 extend continuously over the inner faces 52 of the strut members 20. However, it is possible that the teeth 54 may only need to be provided on the legs 48, and in this case, the teeth 54 may only need to be provided on one leg 48.
  • the teeth 54 are preferably angled to face towards the free distal ends 56 of the legs 48 and thus away from the head 46. This thus simplifies adjustment by allowing the two strut members 20 to slide more easily apart whilst reducing the likelihood of the heads 46 moving back towards each other.
  • a closed ended channel 58 is formed therebetween, being closed at the one end by the head 46 and at the other end by the cross-member 50.
  • the head 46 and the cross-member 50 thus effectively act as stops.
  • An open end channel 60 is also formed between the spaced-apart legs 48, being closed at the one end by the cross-member 50 and open at the other distal end 56 of the legs 48.
  • the spacing-adjustment mechanism 16 further includes a fastener 62 for releasably fastening the two strut members 20 together, so that the teeth 54 interdigitate or interengage.
  • the fastener 62 preferably extends through the closed ended channels 58, thereby utilising the head and cross-member ends as stops if needs be.
  • the fastener 62 can be inserted through the open end channels 60, or a combination of the open end channel 60 and the closed ended channel 58, as necessity dictates.
  • inner walls of the legs 48 are stepped to provide recessed flats 70 for the fastener 62 to seat on.
  • the fastener 62 is typically a surgical screw-threaded bolt and nut, but other types of fastener 62 may be considered.
  • the interior surfaces of the legs 48 may be fluted to enable the nut to be dispensed with.
  • the fastener may be a rotatable click-lock mechanism whereby rotation in one direction enables the strut members 20 to be extended relative to each other, and rotation in the other direction enables the strut members 20 to be retracted relative to each other.
  • One said pin-engagable element 14 is provided in the head 46 of each strut member 20, and as in the first embodiment, this is a pin-receivable aperture 72 dimensioned to receive the pin element 18. In this case, only a single pin-receivable aperture 72 is provided. However, one or both pin-engagable elements 14 may include more than one pin-receivable aperture 72.
  • the finger fixator 10 of this embodiment again comprises a two-part elongate strut element 12, two pin-engagable elements 14, a spacing-adjustment mechanism 16, and first and second pin elements 18 which in this case are not shown.
  • the strut element 12 includes similarly shaped first and second rigid strut members 20, generally being formed from biocompatible plastics or metal.
  • Each strut member 20 includes an elongate, preferably planar or substantially planar, rectilinear body 22 having a head end 74 and a tail end 76.
  • a saddle member 78 extends perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly from the tail end 76 to provide two arms 80 which are spaced apart to receive a patient's finger 36.
  • Each arm 80 extends laterally of the body 22 and is at least in part arcuate.
  • a said pin- engagable element 14 is provided at or adjacent to the free distal ends 82 of the arms 80 of the saddle member 78.
  • each pin-engagable element 14 includes two pin- receivable apertures 72 dimensioned to receive the respective pin element 18 as a close sliding fit.
  • One said pin-receivable aperture 72 is provided in each arm 80 of the saddle member 78, laterally of the body 22. However, more than one pin-receivable aperture 72 can be included, again as necessity dictates.
  • the spacing-adjustment mechanism 16 comprises an elongate key formed in the longitudinal direction on one body 22 of one of the strut members 20, and a complementarily shaped keyway slot formed longitudinally on the body 22 of the other strut member 20.
  • a re leasable fastener which is not shown in this case but being similar to that of the second embodiment, is also preferably included to maintain the set positions of the two strut members 20 relative to each other.
  • the key and keyway slot beneficially prevent or limit relative angular displacement of the two strut members 20.
  • other means for adjusting a spacing between the pin-engagable elements 14 on the strut element 12 can be considered, such as only using a releasable fastener, or using a sliding ratchet mechanism.
  • the finger fixator 10 of the third embodiment is very similar to that of the first and second embodiments, and therefore further description is again dispensed with.
  • the bodies 22 of the two strut members 20 form an adjustable spine along the outer longitudinal portion of the finger 36. Adjustment is achieved by loosening the fastener and sliding the two strut members 20 apart, whereby the saddle members 78 become further separated from each other. Once suitable tension has been imparted to the two resiliently flexible pin elements 18 passing through the patient's finger 36 either side of the damaged area, the fastener is retightened to maintain the imparted tension.
  • the bodies of the two strut elements at least in part overlie each other, they may be telescopically extendable and retractable relative to each other.
  • Other length adjustment means for adjusting an extended length of the strut element may also be considered.
  • teeth may be utilised similarly to the second embodiment to form a ratchet-like engagement between the two bodies of the strut members.
  • the rotatable adjuster of the first embodiment could be incorporated into the head of the second embodiment.
  • the rotatable adjuster may be a domed disk having a convex upper and/or lower surface.
  • the main aperture would therefore preferably have a complementarily shaped wall being concave across the lateral extent to more securely retain the rotatable adjuster in place as a press-fit.
  • the domed disk may have a concave upper and/or lower surface with the complementarily shaped wall being convex.
  • pin elements are bent over at their distal ends to engage with the strut element and the rotatable adjuster, other means for capping or engaging the pin elements with the strut element and the rotatable adjuster may be considered so that interference and rubbing with the neighbouring fingers is avoided or limited.
  • the rotatable adjuster may also have a harder or tougher core, for example, being metal, which may be covered by a material having a different hardness or toughness, for example, a plastics. This would be beneficial in preventing or limiting creep and wear during use, especially if the rotatable adjuster relies on a factional fit to prevent or limit angular displacement.
  • a strut element is preferably utilised on each side of the finger, a single strut element may be utilised on only one side.
  • the pin elements may be screw- threaded fasteners.
  • modifications to the pin elements may be incorporated in any embodiment, such as screw-threading so that the pin elements do not, for example, have to extend completely through the digit.
  • a finger fixator which imparts dynamic fixation due to the resilient fiexibility of the pin elements and the adjustability in situ of the or each strut element, for example, via a rotatable adjuster. This all thereby achieves a reduction in recovery time. The digit can still be used whilst the damaged area is being dynamically biased apart.
  • a longitudinally positively adjustable support via a cam or off-centre adjuster allows the pin elements through a finger to be flexed, thereby providing the damaged area some give whilst maintaining a separating force. It is also far simpler for a surgeon to apply the finger fixator of the present invention without requiring a great deal of skill and practise. It is also feasible to utilise the pin engagable element of the strut element as a drill guide.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fixateur dynamique de doigt (10) comprenant un élément entretoise allongé en deux parties (12) et deux éléments (14) engageables par une broche, espacés l'un de l'autre sur l'élément entretoise allongé en deux parties (12). L'élément entretoise allongé en deux parties (12) comprend des moyens d'ajustement d'espacement (16) pour ajuster sélectivement et fixer un espacement entre les deux éléments (14) engageables par une broche. De préférence, ladite première partie de l'élément entretoise comprend un élément entretoise (20), et ladite seconde partie comprend un ajusteur rotatif (32) formant au moins une partie des moyens d'ajustement d'espacement (16) montés de façon rotative sur l'élément entretoise (20). L'élément entretoise (20) comprend ledit premier élément engageable par une broche (14) et l'ajusteur rotatif (32) comprend ledit second élément (14, 34) engageable par une broche, qui est décentré sur l'ajusteur rotatif (32), de telle sorte qu'une fixation dynamique peut être conférée à un doigt d'un patient.
PCT/GB2012/050605 2011-03-30 2012-03-20 Fixateur dynamique de doigt WO2012131326A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1105304.8A GB2489471A (en) 2011-03-30 2011-03-30 Finger fixator
GB1105304.8 2011-03-30
GB1115299.8 2011-09-05
GB1115299.8A GB2484178B (en) 2011-03-30 2011-09-05 Dynamic finger fixator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012131326A2 true WO2012131326A2 (fr) 2012-10-04
WO2012131326A3 WO2012131326A3 (fr) 2012-11-22

Family

ID=44067592

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2012/050605 WO2012131326A2 (fr) 2011-03-30 2012-03-20 Fixateur dynamique de doigt

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (2) GB2489471A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012131326A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104138294A (zh) * 2014-07-02 2014-11-12 苏州瑞华医院有限公司 指骨复位固定瞄准器

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2514888C1 (ru) * 2013-02-22 2014-05-10 Владимир Трофимович Кипоренко Устройство дозированной дистракции
RU2535081C1 (ru) * 2013-12-30 2014-12-10 Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Дальневосточный государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ГБОУ ВПО "ДВГМУ" Минздрава России) Дистракционный аппарат для формирования пальцев кисти у детей
GB2598482B (en) 2021-09-07 2022-12-21 Kings Tree Innovations Ltd External fixator and kit comprising the same

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US4730608A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-03-15 Schlein Allen P External bone-anchoring fixator
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FR2753077B1 (fr) * 1996-09-12 1998-11-20 Provis Sa Appareil digital d'etirement externe
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JP3150666B2 (ja) * 1998-02-13 2001-03-26 株式会社メディカルユーアンドエイ 創外固定器
DE102004018872A1 (de) * 2004-04-19 2005-11-03 Cervitech, Inc. Knochenspreizer
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WO2008051064A1 (fr) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-02 Anguiano Quijada Juan Jose Dispositif destiné à fixer et allonger les doigts humains
DE202007015017U1 (de) * 2007-10-24 2008-07-17 Boumann, Hans-Werner, Dr. Dynamischer Fingergelenksdistraktor/-fixateur
FR2927790A1 (fr) * 2008-02-26 2009-08-28 Elias Imam Fixateur externe modulaire dynamique pour osteosynthese des petits os de la main

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104138294A (zh) * 2014-07-02 2014-11-12 苏州瑞华医院有限公司 指骨复位固定瞄准器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2484178B (en) 2012-10-10
WO2012131326A3 (fr) 2012-11-22
GB2484178A (en) 2012-04-04
GB201115299D0 (en) 2011-10-19
GB201105304D0 (en) 2011-05-11
GB2489471A (en) 2012-10-03

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