Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
  • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
  • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
  • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
  • F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
  • F01N3/0256—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases the fuel being ignited by electrical means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
  • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
  • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
  • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
  • F01N3/38—Arrangements for igniting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
  • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
  • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
  • F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
  • F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the ignition system for reliable starting and maintaining regeneration process of Diesel Particulate Filter, i.e. to an electrical arrangement of Ignition Controller and special mechanical arrangement of a spark gap located inside the combustion chamber of a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) regeneration system, ensuring a fast, intrinsically safe and reliable operation, predominantly used in heavy duty diesel engines for DPF regeneration.
• Diesel Particulate Filter DPF
• DPF Diesel Particulate Filter
• Modern diesel engines are, amongst other measures for reducing pollution, equipped with Diesel Particulate Filter (hereinafter referred to as DPF) in the exhaust system that is capable to trap such small particles.
• DPF regeneration is automatically initiated by engine control unit. This process is based on heating the DPF to several hundred degrees Celsius, the temperature, where trapped carbon particles burn away with result of cleaning the DPF.
• Heat needed for DPF regeneration usually comes from additional combustion of fuel in the exhaust pipe in front of DPF.
• post fuel injection, exhaust pipe fuel injection and fuel vaporizer techniques are used to bring unburned fuel in the exhaust pipe where it self-ignites with presence of heat. Additional heat generated heats up the DPF and thus causes the regeneration.
• the DPF regeneration system for heavy duty diesel engines is composed of a diesel particulate filter inside the exhaust pipe, fuel burner beside the exhaust pipe, ignition system for fuel burner, a tube for supplying the fuel, a tube for air intake, spark plug with a special arrangement of spark gap, battery as electric energy supply, an engine control unit and high voltage screened interconnection cable.
• this system It is a purpose of this system to enable or facilitate the regeneration process of a DPF thus providing its long term reliable operation and reducing the presence of small carbon particles at exhaust system output. It is an object of this system to flame heat the DPF to raise its temperature.
• the spark is activated for a few seconds to heat up the central spark plug electrode and then the fuel/air mixture is sprayed in the spark region. Once the fuel comes into contact with spark it ignites and powerful flame is produced, which directly heats the DPF.
• Software in the engine control unit supervises the operation of the DPF regeneration system.
• the software determines when the regeneration process takes place and how long it lasts.
• the software makes its decisions based on the signals it receives from the sensors in the engine and exhaust system.
• soot coming from not-ideal diesel combustion deposit mainly inside the DPF, a small portion of them set down also in the region where spark plug is located. Under extreme sooting condition the layer of soot at the spark gap could be so thick that prevents normal operation of the spark plug and thus impair the regeneration system or even cause it unusable.
• One possible preventive measure could be continuous sparking without fuel/air mixture injection while engine running and consequently soot removing.
• mentioned solution is prone to fouling due to heavy sooting, but is not favorable as spark is degrading the central electrode of the spark plug all the time the engine is running.
• Second option is usage of very powerful spark with ISP A RK » 100 mA RMS that is capable of burning also thicker soot layer on the central electrode of the spark plug. Such spark is generated only during DPF regeneration process; its negative side is dangerousness or even fatality for human beings in case of direct contact with live parts.
• the object is achieved with special self-heating ground electrode that together with spark plug central electrode forms the spark gap.
• Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the spark gap arrangement.
• Invention covers generation of moderate power spark during DPF regeneration process with ISPARK ⁇ 60 mA RMS that is not fatal for human beings with conjunction of special self- heated ground electrode.
• a standard glow plug is used as self-heated ground electrode.
• the essence of the invention is a DPF regeneration system with fuel burner located beside the exhaust system, where ignition of mentioned fuel burner is done with spark, while the ground electrode is conventional diesel glow plug instead of plain piece of metal, connected to chassis ground.
• the main advantage of proposed system is that glow plug with its heat burns all soot deposition in the vicinity and thus cleans the spark gap. When the spark is generated, it occurs in the air gap between spark plug central electrode and glowing glow plug.
• Mentioned spark gap arrangement provides anti-fouling capability and very reliable fuel burner ignition ability along with intrinsically safe spark current levels.
• the ignition system for fuel burner intended for regeneration of DPF in heavy duty diesel engines is characterized in that the said spark gap 1 1 is formed with two main parts, spark plug 5 central electrode marked as positive electrode 7 and glowing tip 8 of conventional glow plug 6 marked as negative electrode. Spark 9 is formed in mentioned spark gap 11. Negative electrode is prolonged by glow plug metal body and is connected to ground at fixing point 10 to the fuel burner head 12. Burner head 12 is electrically connected with battery 2 negative terminal. Battery 2 supplies power to ignition controller 1 that generates spark voltage, led via high voltage cable 3 to spark plug 5. Ignition controller 1 supplies also current to the glow plug 6 via interconnecting cable 4. Such arrangement offers very good resistance against sooting and is at the same time intrinsically safe as spark current could be kept below 60 mA RMS.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-03-15 SI SI201100084A patent/SI23683A/sl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2012
  • 2012-03-15 WO PCT/SI2012/000014 patent/WO2012125126A2/en active Application Filing
• 2013
  • 2013-09-13 US US14/026,052 patent/US20140013949A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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