WO2012125070A1

WO2012125070A1 - Micro- and nanodrive

Info

Publication number: WO2012125070A1
Application number: PCT/RU2011/000847
Authority: WO
Inventors: Анатолий Васильевич УРМАЦКИХ
Original assignee: Urmatskikh Anatolii Vasilievich
Priority date: 2011-03-14
Filing date: 2011-11-02
Publication date: 2012-09-20
Also published as: RU2011109522A; RU2468494C1; WO2012125070A9

Abstract

The invention relates to micro- and nanodrives and can be used for constructing micro- and nanodrives for movement and transportation systems for various intended uses. The object of the present invention is to produce a drive having an inorganic working stroke. The proposed micro- and nanodrive consists of two parts capable of changing position relative to one another, with electrically conductive surfaces which are located on said parts and are turned towards one another and which are arranged in a set direction at a set interval and with a gap therebetween. Said surfaces are parallel to one another, while the tolerance does not exceed 10°, and the distance between said surfaces is less than one micron. Gravitational forces caused by the Casimir effect act on said surfaces. Moreover, the electrically conductive surfaces are arranged at an angle to the direction of movement. Furthermore, lateral forces take effect, which result in the parts of the drive moving with respect to one another. The conducting surfaces on the rotor and the stator in the plane of the cross section passing through the normals n ₁ and n ₂ can have the form of adjoining sections of a planar spiral, for example an Archimedean spiral. In addition, said conducting surfaces can be planar. The technical result of this consists in the generation of forces which are caused by the Casimir effect and set a movable part of the drive in motion. The energy of a physical vacuum is used for the operation of the drive.

Description

Request

Micro, nanomotor

The invention relates to microstructural and nanostructured devices, and more particularly to micro and nanomotors. The invention can be used to build micro- and nanomotors of systems of movement and transportation for various purposes, performing movements on a micro- and nanoscale scale, as well as engines having micro- and nanoscale, for example, in robotics, including nano- and microrobototechnical systems for medical use.

The article "Nanotube Nanomotor", published in the journal Nature> f ° 424, pp. 408-410 (July 24, 2003), presents the design of an electrostatic nano-motor containing a stator and a rotor with an axis of rotation made of non-tubes. The rotor is made in the form of an electrically conductive plate located between two electrodes.

A well-known engine (US patent j4s5.965.968 according to class H02N1 / 00 from 10/12/1999), which contains a stator and a rotor made with electrodes placed on them, located with given steps and direction. There is a gap between the electrodes of the stator and rotor. The electrically conductive surfaces of the electrodes of the rotor and stator are flat and parallel to each other. On a conductive surface of the electrodes of the stator and rotor in a certain sequence is fed

electric charge driving the engine.

Another analogue of this invention is the design of the drive described in US patent Xo5.552.654 according to KH.H02N1 / 00 dated 09/03/1996. This drive contains a first structural element, including a large number of electrodes located in a given direction and in predetermined places. In addition, it has a second structural element located in contact with the first element, which is equipped with means for supplying positive and negative charges to

insulating sheath. Such a tool may be a resistance layer, for example, having a surface resistance of 10 ^u -10 ^{, 5} Q / D. On

electrical conductive surfaces of the electrodes and resistance layers, an electric charge of a certain spatial configuration can be created (see Fig. 7 of this patent), which can be changed by the control system. As a result of this, between the first and second element, the Coulomb forces of interaction of electric charges arise. The electrically conductive surfaces of the first and second elements are arranged with a gap equal to the thickness of the insulating shells. Under the conductive surface refers to the surface of any

conductor of electric current, for example, made of metal. The operation of the engine is determined by the shape and position of the electrically conductive surfaces of the electrodes of the stator and rotor facing each other, to which in a certain

sequence is supplied with an electric charge. The disadvantage of this type of engine is the problem of supplying energy from an external source and the difficulty of its implementation with micro and nano sizes.

The closest analogue of this invention is the engine design described in VOLUME 87, NUMBER 26 / PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS / 24 December 2001 / Probing the Strong Boundary Shape Dependence of Casimir Force / Thorsten Emig, Andreas Hanke, Ramin Golestanian, and Mehran Kardar. This engine consists of two parts that can change the relative position. These parts are made in the form of two corrugated plates. They have a repeating corrugation element, which is an electrically conductive surface made in the form of a wave. The sequence of these electrically conductive surfaces located in a predetermined direction and with a given step creates sinusoidal corrugation on the plates. The electrically conductive surfaces on the first and second parts face each other. There is a gap between the electrically conductive surfaces.

The disadvantage of this engine is a small stroke equal to half the wavelength.

The objective of the invention is to provide an engine having an unlimited stroke.

This problem is achieved by the fact that in the known engine, consisting of two parts capable of changing the relative position, with electrically conductive surfaces located on them and facing each other, located in a given direction with a given step and with a gap of less than one micron between them, the conductive surfaces have a shape and position in which the angle between the normal P] drawn from an arbitrary point on the conductive surface

the moving part of the engine and the normal P2 drawn from this point to the nearest conducting surface of the second part does not exceed ten degrees, and the angle a between the normal and _/ from the conducting surface of the moving part and the direction of motion of this point is not more than 89.7 °. As a result of parallel arrangement (with

permissible deviation of up to 10 °) of electrically conductive surfaces located at a distance of less than one micron from each other; between them there appear mutual attraction forces caused by the Casimir effect.

In addition, since the electrically conductive surfaces on the interacting parts of the engine are inclined with respect to the direction of movement, a component force arises acting in the direction of movement.

The technical result of this is the occurrence of shear forces on

interacting parts of the engine. As one electrically conductive surface exits from the interaction zone, the next conducting

a surface that provides continuous engine movement.

Parts of the engine can be made in the form of a rotor and a stator.

In order to increase the attractive force, the electrically conductive surfaces on the rotor and stator, in the section passing through the normals ni, can have the form of adjacent sections of a flat spiral, for example, an Archimedes spiral.

Electrically conductive surfaces on the rotor and stator can be made in the form of flat surfaces. Figure 1 shows the types and individual elements of the described micro- and nanomotors with electrically conductive surfaces of a flat shape, Fig. 2-views of a rotary engine with electrically conductive surfaces of a spiral shape, Fig. 3-view of an engine with a rotor located on the axis of nano tubes.

Where.

an arbitrary point on the conductive surface of part 1;

the angle between the normal drawn from an arbitrary point from the conducting surface of part 1 and the direction of motion of this point is a;

the normal drawn from an arbitrary point from the conductive surface of part 1 - p /, the normal to the nearest conductive surface of part 2 drawn from a selected arbitrary point c-and ₂ ;

the angle between the normal drawn from an arbitrary point with a conducting

the surface of part 1 and the normal "drawn from this point to the nearest conductive surface of part 2- β,

force of mutual attraction of electrically conductive surfaces - P,

the projection of the attractive force P between the conductive surfaces on the direction of motion of the given point is Px.

Micro, - the nanomotor contains parts 1 and 2 with flat electrically conductive surfaces 3 located on them. These surfaces are parallel to each other, and the permissible deviation (angle β) does not exceed 10 °, the distance between them is less than one micron. The forces of mutual attraction caused by the Casimir effect act on them. In addition, the electrically conductive surfaces are located at an angle to the direction of travel 4. In this case, the projection Px of the attractive force P between the conductive surfaces on the direction of motion of a given point is not equal to zero and creates a motive force acting on the moving part of the engine.

Micro and nanomotor can be made in the form of a rotary engine. In this case, the electrically conductive surfaces 5 and 6 on the rotor and stator in the section passing through the normals and can be in the form of adjacent sections of a flat spiral 7, for example - Archimedes spiral. As a result of this, the electrically conductive surfaces at any angle of rotation of the rotor remain parallel, and the attractive force

maximum. Similar to the engine described in the article "Nanotube Nanomotor", which was published in the journal Nature> Г ° 424, pages 408-410 (24 July 2003), the proposed engine may comprise a rotor 8 made of silicon oxide with electrically conductive surfaces 9 of gold. In addition, electrically conductive surfaces can be created by applying a monatomic layer of graphene to the substrate. As the axis of rotation, you can use nanotubes 10, mounted on the base 1 1. The rotor should be located between two elements of the stator 12 made of silicon oxide, on the end surfaces of which are applied electrically conductive plates 9 of gold. Conductive

the surface of the movable part parallel to the electrically conductive surface of the fixed part of the engine, the force P acts due to the Casimir effect.

The projection Px of this force on the direction of motion creates an effort leading to movement of the moving part of the engine. The interaction between the end sections of the electrically conductive surfaces is negligible and does not affect the operation of the engine. As you exit the interaction zone of one electrically conductive surface, the following electrically conductive surface is involved in it, which ensures

engine continuity. The energy source for this type of engine is the energy of a physical vacuum.

Confirmation of the possibility of manufacturing such an engine is the design described in article VOLUME 87, NUMBER 26 / PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS / 24 December 2001 / Probing the Strong Boundary Shape Dependence of Casimir Force / Thorsten Emig, Andreas Hanke, Ramin Golestanian, and Mehran Kardar. This engine consists of two corrugated gold plates located in a vacuum at a distance of several hundred nanometers. Bulges and concavities are combined. When the plates are slightly displaced, a force appears that returns them to their original position.

Claims

Formula

A micro, nanomotor, consisting of two parts capable of changing the relative position with electrically conductive surfaces located on them and facing each other, located in a given direction with a given step and with a gap between them, characterized in that the conductive surfaces have a shape and position, at which the angle between the normal n drawn from an arbitrary point on the conductive surface of the first part of the engine and the normal n ₂ drawn from this point to the nearest conductive surface of the second part does not exceed ten degrees, and the angle a between the normal and _/ from the conductive surface of the first part and the direction of motion of this point is not more than 89.7 °.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine parts are made in the form of a rotor and a stator.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive surfaces on the rotor and stator in the section passing through the normals nj and w ^ have the form of adjacent sections of a flat spiral.

The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive surfaces on the rotor and stator are flat surfaces.