CN108092543B - Friction power generation device - Google Patents
Friction power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108092543B CN108092543B CN201810070258.7A CN201810070258A CN108092543B CN 108092543 B CN108092543 B CN 108092543B CN 201810070258 A CN201810070258 A CN 201810070258A CN 108092543 B CN108092543 B CN 108092543B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a friction power generation device, which comprises a first component and a second component which are oppositely arranged; the first component includes a first conductive layer; the second component includes a second conductive layer; a first component, further comprising: a first friction layer having at least one protruding structure on a lower surface thereof arranged to cross the at least one protruding structure on the upper surface of the second conductive layer; and/or, the second component, further comprising: a second friction layer; the lower surface of the first conductive layer has at least one protruding structure arranged to intersect with the at least one protruding structure on the upper surface of the second friction layer; wherein, the material of the first friction layer and the material of the second friction layer have different electron gaining and losing capacities. Under the action of external force, the first component and the second component move relatively, so that the first component and the second component are repeatedly contacted, rubbed and separated at a friction surface of at least one protruding structure, wherein the friction surface is arranged on the side surface of at least one protruding structure, and induced charges are formed on the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction power generation, in particular to a friction power generation device.
Background
The friction generator utilizes different gain and loss electronic capabilities of different materials to realize the output of electric power by charge transfer in the contact and separation processes. The friction generator has the key of realizing effective friction, has the advantages of low cost and high output voltage, and has great application potential in the fields of fabric fiber power generation, tidal power generation, electronic device power supply and the like. However, with the development of microelectronics and microsystem technologies, electronic devices and functional sensors increasingly exhibit miniaturization characteristics, so that the application area of the friction generator is limited, and meanwhile, higher requirements are put forward on the miniaturization and integration degree of the friction generator.
In the prior art, a friction interface of a friction power generation device is generally arranged to be parallel to a plane where the device is located, the parallel friction interface has higher requirements on an application area, and in order to increase output voltage, a large-area friction power generator is often required to be laid, which is not beneficial to system integration.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a friction power generation device, and aims to solve the application difficulty of small area and integration of a generator in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a friction power generating device, which may comprise: a first component and a second component disposed opposite each other.
The first component includes a first conductive layer; the second component includes a second conductive layer; a first component, further comprising: the lower surface of the first friction layer and the upper surface of the second conductive layer are respectively provided with at least one first protruding structure, and the at least one first protruding structure on the lower surface of the first friction layer and the at least one first protruding structure on the upper surface of the second conductive layer are arranged in a crossed mode; and/or, the second component, further comprising: the second friction layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second conductive layer, the lower surface of the first conductive layer and the upper surface of the second friction layer are respectively provided with at least one first protruding structure, and the at least one first protruding structure on the lower surface of the first conductive layer and the at least one first protruding structure on the upper surface of the second friction layer are arranged in an intersecting mode; wherein, the material of the first friction layer and the material of the second friction layer have different electron gaining and losing capacities.
According to the friction power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the at least one protruding structure is arranged on the lower surfaces of the first component and the second component, the protruding structures on the first component and the second component are arranged in a crossed mode, and two side surfaces of the protruding structures are friction interfaces. Under the action of external force, the first component and the second component move relatively, so that the first component and the second component are repeatedly contacted, rubbed and separated at the friction surface of the protruding structure, and induced charges are formed on the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.
Preferably, the lower surface of the first conductive layer is further provided with at least one second protruding structure, and the at least one second protruding structure is fixedly embedded in the at least one first protruding structure on the lower surface of the first friction layer; and/or the upper surface of the second conducting layer is also provided with at least one second protruding structure, and the at least one second protruding structure is fixedly connected with the at least one first protruding structure arranged on the upper surface of the second friction layer in an embedded mode.
Preferably, the friction power generating device further includes: a fine structure; wherein the fine structure is provided on the lower surface of the first friction layer, and/or on the upper surface of the second friction layer.
Preferably, the fine structure comprises: one of a nanowire, nanotube, nanoparticle, nanochannel, nanocone, nanorod, nanosphere, microparticle, microchannel, microcone, microrod, or microsphere.
Preferably, the side surface of at least one protruding structure is a friction surface, and the friction surface is perpendicular to the plane of the friction power generation device.
Preferably, the at least one first protrusion structure is an array-type protrusion structure; the at least one second protrusion structure is an array protrusion structure.
Preferably, the first projection structure is: one of rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, semicircle, circle, irregular fold line shape, or irregular arc shape; the second protruding structure is one of a rectangle, a triangle, a trapezoid, a semicircle, a circle, an irregular fold line, or an irregular arc.
Preferably, the first friction layer is made of a flexible material, and the second friction layer is made of a rigid material or a flexible material; or the first friction layer is made of rigid materials or flexible materials, and the second friction layer is made of flexible materials.
Compared with the prior art, the friction power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the friction surface is vertical to the plane of the device, so that the friction area can be expanded in the height direction of the device, the friction area can be increased in a smaller area, and the application difficulty of a small area is solved;
(2) the vertical friction interface can be obtained by a micro-processing technology, is easy to integrate with microelectronic devices and systems, and is beneficial to solving the difficulty of miniaturization and integration of a friction generator device;
(3) the array type protruding structures realize a plurality of vertical friction interfaces in a limited plane area, and the protruding structures can obtain micron-scale or nano-scale line widths or intervals through a micro-nano processing technology, so that extremely high array density is achieved, the friction area of a device is further increased, and the output voltage of the device is improved.
(4) The characteristic that the flexible friction layer can generate large deformation and recover under the action of external force is utilized, the friction interface can be well protected from being damaged and abraded by the external force in the contact and separation process with another rigid or flexible friction layer, and the reliability of a device is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings required in the background art, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1(a) -1 (c) are schematic structural views of a friction power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
2(a) -2 (d) are schematic diagrams of the operation of the friction power generation device in FIG. 1;
3(a) -3 (c) are structural examples of another friction power generating device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a structural example diagram of another friction power generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a process flow of the first and second components of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1(a) -1 (c) are schematic structural views of a friction power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1(a), the friction power generating device may include: a first component and a second component disposed opposite each other. The first member includes a first conductive layer 12 and a first friction layer 11, the first friction layer 11 being disposed on a lower surface of the first conductive layer 12; the second component comprises a second conductive layer 22; the lower surface of the first friction layer 11 and the upper surface of the second conductive layer 22 respectively have at least one first protrusion structure, and the at least one first protrusion structure of the lower surface of the first friction layer 11 is arranged to cross the at least one first protrusion structure of the upper surface of the second conductive layer 22.
As shown in fig. 1(b), the friction power generating device may include: a first component and a second component disposed opposite each other. The first component comprises a first conductive layer 12; the second member includes a second conductive layer 22 and a second friction layer 21, the second friction layer 21 being disposed on a lower surface of the second conductive layer 22; the lower surface of the first conductive layer 12 and the upper surface of the second friction layer 21 have at least one first protrusion structure, respectively, and the lower surface of the first conductive layer 12 has at least one first protrusion structure that is arranged to be staggered with the at least one first protrusion structure of the upper surface of the second friction layer 22.
As shown in fig. 1(c), the friction power generating device may include: a first component and a second component disposed opposite each other. The first member includes a first conductive layer 12 and a first friction layer 11, the first friction layer 11 being disposed on a lower surface of the first conductive layer 12; the second member includes a second conductive layer 22 and a second friction layer 21, the second friction layer 21 being disposed on an upper surface of the second conductive layer 22; the lower surface of the first friction layer 11 and the upper surface of the second friction layer 21 have at least one first protrusion structure, respectively, and the lower surface of the first friction layer 11 has the at least one first protrusion structure arranged to cross the at least one first protrusion structure of the upper surface of the second friction layer 21. The material of the first friction layer 11 and the material of the second friction layer 12 have different electron gaining and losing abilities.
Optionally, the side surface of the first protruding structure is a friction surface, and the friction surface is perpendicular to the plane of the power generation device. In embodiments of the present invention where the friction interface is located on the sides of the triangular array of protrusions of the first friction layer 11 and the second friction layer 21, the friction interface may be perpendicular to the plane of the device. The friction interface is perpendicular to the plane of the device, so that the friction area can be expanded in the height direction of the device, the friction area can be increased in a smaller area, and the application difficulty of a small area is solved. And the vertical friction surface can be obtained by a micro-processing technology, is easy to integrate with microelectronic devices and systems, and is beneficial to solving the difficulty of miniaturization and integration of the friction power generation device.
The process of generating electric charges by the first and second components will be described with reference to fig. 1(c) as an example. Under the action of an external force, the first member and the second member move relatively, so that the first friction layer 11 and the second friction layer 21 repeatedly contact, rub and separate at friction surfaces on two sides of the first protruding structure, and due to different electron-obtaining capacities of materials of the first friction layer 11 and the second friction layer 21, the first friction layer 11 and the second friction layer 21 can transfer electric charges during the contact of the friction surfaces, so that induced electric charges are formed on the first conductive layer 12 and the second conductive layer 22 (as shown in fig. 2).
Specifically, taking the first member operating to the right as an example, as the first member moves to the right under the external force (as shown in fig. 2 (a)), when the first friction layer 11 and the second friction layer 21 come into contact (as shown in fig. 2 (b)), a small amount of negative charge is generated on the surface of the first friction layer 11 and a small amount of positive charge is generated on the surface of the second friction layer 21. As the first component continues to move to the right, friction increases. In the process of contacting and separating the flexible friction layer with another rigid or flexible friction layer, the characteristic that the flexible friction layer generates large deformation and recovers under the action of external force is utilized, so that the friction interface can be well protected from being damaged and abraded by the external force, and the reliability of a device is improved. The materials of the first friction layer 11 and the second friction layer 21 can be both flexible materials, or one can be flexible and one can be rigid. Due to the characteristics of the first frictional layer 11 and the second frictional layer 21, both are subjected to bending deformation while maintaining a large contact area (as shown in fig. 2 (c)), a large amount of negative charges are generated on the surface of the first frictional layer 11, and a large amount of positive charges are generated on the surface of the second frictional layer 21. Finally, the first friction layer 11 and the second friction layer 21 are separated (as shown in fig. 2 (d)), and each returns to its original shape, while returning to electrical neutrality. The first member may be continuously moved to the right or left and right by an external force, so that the above-mentioned processes of generating and disappearing electric charges are repeated, and an open-circuit output voltage or a short-circuit output current is formed through the first conductive layer 12 and the second conductive layer 22.
It should be noted that, an external vibration source may be adopted, so that the first component and the second component perform relative movement. For example, the first conductive layer 12 and the first friction layer 11 may be fixedly connected to an external vibration source, and the second member 20 may be fixed or freely slide, so as to realize the relative movement of the first friction layer 11 and the second member 20, alternately generate the contact-friction-separation process, generate the varying induced charges on the first conductive layer 12 and the second member 20, and output the electric power in an external circuit.
Optionally, the first protruding structure is: rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular, circular, irregular polygonal line shape, or irregular arc shape. A triangle is an example in fig. 1(a) to 1 (c).
Optionally, the lower surface of the first conductive layer 12 has at least one second protruding structure, which is connected, e.g. embedded, with at least one first protruding structure of the first friction layer 11. As shown in fig. 3 (a). Alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the upper surface of the second conductive layer 22 has at least one second protruding structure that is connected, e.g., embedded, with at least one first protruding structure of the second friction layer 21. As shown in fig. 3 (b). Or;
the lower surface of the first conductive layer 12 and the upper surface of the second conductive layer 22 each have at least one second protruding structure that is connected, e.g., embedded, with at least one first protruding structure of the second friction layer 21. As shown in fig. 3 (c).
It should be noted that the second protruding structure is the same as the first protruding structure, so that the second protruding structure and the first protruding structure can be embedded and fixedly connected. Thus, the second projection structure may also be one of rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular, circular, irregularly polygonal, or irregularly curved. A triangle is illustrated in fig. 1(a) to 1 (c).
Optionally, the friction power generating device further comprises: a fine structure; wherein the fine structure is provided on the lower surface of the first friction layer, and/or on the upper surface of the second friction layer. Fig. 4 shows an example in which a fine structure is provided on the upper surface of the second friction surface 21.
Optionally, the fine structure comprises: one of a nanowire, nanotube, nanoparticle, nanochannel, nanocone, nanorod, nanosphere, microparticle, microchannel, microcone, microrod, or microsphere.
Optionally, the at least one first protrusion structure is an array protrusion structure; the at least one second protrusion structure is an array protrusion structure. In the embodiment of the invention, the array type protruding structures are arranged on the surfaces of the first component and the second component, the array type protruding structures can realize a plurality of vertical friction interfaces in a limited plane area, and the protruding structures can obtain micron-scale or nano-scale line widths or intervals through a micro-nano processing technology, so that extremely high array density is achieved, the friction area of the device is further increased, and the output voltage of the device is improved.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another friction power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Comparing fig. 3 with fig. 4, the difference is that the protruding structure in fig. 4 has a semicircular cross section. As shown in fig. 4, the friction generating device includes a first member and a second member. The second friction layer 211 of the second member has at least one semicircular protruding structure in section. The upper surface of the semicircular protruding structure of the second friction layer 21 has a nanosphere fine structure, which increases the roughness of the friction surface. The cross section of the second conductive layer 22 has the same semicircular protruding structure as the second friction layer 21, so that the second conductive layer 22 is fixedly embedded in the second friction layer 21. The first friction layer and the first conductive layer are made of the same rigid conductive material, generally designated 10, i.e., the first member 10 has both friction and electrical conductivity. The first part 10 also has a semi-circular protruding structure with a friction surface on the side of the second friction layer 21 and the semi-circular protruding structure of the first part 10, the friction surface being perpendicular to the plane of the device.
Fig. 5 is a process flow of the first and second components of fig. 4. The first part and the second part both adopt a plane processing technology, and the vertical friction interface can be directly processed and molded. As shown in fig. 5, the process flow is as follows:
(a) a precise chemical etching process is adopted.
Specifically, the first component 10 is manufactured by a precise chemical etching process, and the first component 10 has a structural characteristic that two sides are provided with a semi-cylindrical protruding array, the height of a cylinder is equal to the thickness of a device corresponding to the semi-circular section in fig. 4, and the side surface of the semi-cylindrical protruding array is a friction interface. The second conductive layer 22 is also fabricated by a precise chemical etching process, and has a structure characterized in that it forms a metal outer frame, and the inner side thereof also has a semi-cylindrical protruding array. The precise chemical etching process is a typical plane manufacturing process, can be etched and formed at one time after the size of each part is determined, and is convenient and fast to process.
(b) Molding process
The method specifically comprises the following steps: (i) firstly, adopting a plane mould with a semi-cylindrical protrusion on the surface; (ii) spin coating a friction layer material, e.g., a second friction layer material, on the mold; (iii) then, the surface of the nanosphere is modified to form a second friction layer 21 with the surface having nano-scale roughness; (iv) and finally, demolding to form the independent second friction layer 21. The demolded second friction layer 21 may be adhered to the surface of the inner semi-cylindrical protrusion array of the second conductive layer 22, so that the second friction layer 21 and the second conductive layer 22 are embedded and fixed. The molding process also belongs to a plane manufacturing process, can manufacture the protruding array structure in batches, and can further reduce the line width and the space of the protruding array structure by combining a micro-nano processing technology to realize a high-density array structure.
Compared with the prior art, the friction power generation device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the friction surface is vertical to the plane of the device, so that the friction area can be expanded in the height direction of the device, the friction area can be increased in a smaller area, and the application difficulty of a small area is solved;
(2) the vertical friction interface can be obtained by a micro-processing technology, is easy to integrate with microelectronic devices and systems, and is beneficial to solving the difficulty of miniaturization and integration of a friction generator device;
(3) the array type protruding structures realize a plurality of vertical friction interfaces in a limited plane area, and the protruding structures can obtain micron-scale or nano-scale line widths or intervals through a micro-nano processing technology, so that extremely high array density is achieved, the friction area of a device is further increased, and the output voltage of the device is improved.
(4) The characteristic that the flexible friction layer can generate large deformation and recover under the action of external force is utilized, the friction interface can be well protected from being damaged and abraded by the external force in the contact and separation process with another rigid or flexible friction layer, and the reliability of a device is improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A friction power generating device, comprising: a first member and a second member disposed in opposition; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first component comprises a first conductive layer; the second component comprises a second conductive layer;
the first component, further comprising: the lower surface of the first friction layer and the upper surface of the second conductive layer are respectively provided with at least one first protruding structure, and the at least one first protruding structure on the lower surface of the first friction layer and the at least one first protruding structure on the upper surface of the second conductive layer are arranged in a crossed mode; the lower surface of the first conductive layer is also provided with at least one second protruding structure which is fixedly embedded with the at least one first protruding structure on the lower surface of the first friction layer, and/or the upper surface of the second conductive layer is also provided with at least one second protruding structure which is fixedly embedded with the at least one first protruding structure on the upper surface of the second friction layer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second component, further comprising: the second friction layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second conductive layer, the lower surface of the first conductive layer and the upper surface of the second friction layer are respectively provided with at least one first protruding structure, and the at least one first protruding structure on the lower surface of the first conductive layer is arranged in a staggered manner with the at least one first protruding structure on the upper surface of the second friction layer; the lower surface of the first conductive layer is also provided with at least one second protruding structure which is fixedly embedded with the at least one first protruding structure on the lower surface of the first friction layer, and/or the upper surface of the second conductive layer is also provided with at least one second protruding structure which is fixedly embedded with the at least one first protruding structure on the upper surface of the second friction layer;
the material of the first friction layer and the material of the second friction layer have different electron gaining and losing capacities;
the side surface of the at least one first protruding structure is a friction surface, the friction surface is vertical to the plane of the friction power generation device, and the friction area can be expanded in the height direction of the device; the first component and the second component are processed by adopting a precise chemical etching process or a molding process, so that the friction surface is directly processed and formed;
the at least one first protrusion structure is an array protrusion structure; the at least one second protrusion structure is an array protrusion structure; the array type protruding structure obtains micron-scale or nano-scale line width or spacing through a micro-nano processing technology, so that the array density is improved, and the friction area of a device is increased.
2. The triboelectric power generation device of claim 1, further comprising: a fine structure; wherein the fine structure is provided on a lower surface of the first friction layer and/or on an upper surface of the second friction layer.
3. The friction power generating device according to claim 2, wherein the fine structure comprises: one of a nanowire, nanotube, nanoparticle, nanochannel, nanocone, nanorod, nanosphere, microparticle, microchannel, microcone, microrod, or microsphere.
4. A triboelectric power generating device according to claim 1, wherein the first projection arrangement is: one of rectangle, triangle, trapezoid, semicircle, circle, irregular fold line shape, or irregular arc shape;
the second protruding structure is one of a rectangle, a triangle, a trapezoid, a semicircle, a circle, an irregular fold line, or an irregular arc.
5. The triboelectric power generation device of claim 1, wherein the first friction layer is a flexible material and the second friction layer is a rigid or flexible material.
6. The triboelectric power generation device of claim 1, wherein the first friction layer is a rigid or flexible material and the second friction layer is a flexible material.
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| CN109039150B (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-10-11 | 宁波大学 | A kind of stick-slip inertia linear actuator based on surface micro-structure friction regulation |
| CN110454145A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Geological drilling bottom hole multi frequency sensor based on friction nanometer power generator |
| CN110492778B (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2020-12-04 | 西南交通大学 | Rotary friction generator |
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