WO2012123002A1 - Dispositif destiné à l'observation et/ou la défense d'un environnement maritime - Google Patents

Dispositif destiné à l'observation et/ou la défense d'un environnement maritime Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012123002A1
WO2012123002A1 PCT/EP2011/002007 EP2011002007W WO2012123002A1 WO 2012123002 A1 WO2012123002 A1 WO 2012123002A1 EP 2011002007 W EP2011002007 W EP 2011002007W WO 2012123002 A1 WO2012123002 A1 WO 2012123002A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
platform
main deck
central column
observation
maritime
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/002007
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Urban THÖNI
Dominic Brunner
Raffael Meier
Petter KARAL
Trond Kjetil Nodberg
Sirgurd RAMSLIE
Douglas J. BENSON
David G. DOUGLAS
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag
Seatower As
Lamprell Energy Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag, Seatower As, Lamprell Energy Ltd filed Critical Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag
Priority to PCT/EP2012/054257 priority Critical patent/WO2012123405A2/fr
Publication of WO2012123002A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012123002A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
    • E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering
    • E02B17/0818—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering with racks actuated by pinions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A23/00—Gun mountings, e.g. on vehicles; Disposition of guns on vehicles
    • F41A23/56—Arrangements for adjusting the gun platform in the vertical or horizontal position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H13/00—Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0039—Methods for placing the offshore structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0052—Removal or dismantling of offshore structures from their offshore location
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E02B2017/0082—Spudcans, skirts or extended feet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for observation and defense purposes in the marine environment, in particular for the protection of vital facilities at sea or in coastal regions such as wind farms, oil and gas conveyor or Verlade Schaum and the like.
  • the invention relates to an ocean-bottom rooftop platform having observation and defense facilities thereon and a method for reversibly installing an observation and defense platform.
  • GB 55 84 55 discloses a buoyant structure, the upper part of which projects beyond the surface of the water and which has openings for observations as well as for the firing by guns. A lower part lies below the water surface and contains space for ballast tanks, pumping facilities and crew quarters. On the outside stabilizing surfaces are provided, which also support the control of the device.
  • GB 55 84 84 also discloses a buoyant structure as an armor carrier in which the upper, open and over the water surface protruding part carries a rotatable about the vertical axis gun for firing in each direction. Since the guns are located in floating facilities, they are subject to the influence of the waves. Thus, a precise aiming and alignment of the weapon is not possible.
  • GB 2 376 442 discloses a self-propelled, militarily usable floating platform from which four stilts penetrating vertically beneath the ground can be lowered hydraulically, so that the platform can be lowered and anchored on the seabed near the coast.
  • helicopter landing pads cranes, residential and supply containers and other structures are provided.
  • the lowerable supports are relatively long and in some cases extend beyond the cover surface during a transport phase and, in particular, in a set-down state. This hampers these supports the panoramic view over deck.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY It is not possible to use a platform as it requires the most complete visibility possible for sensors and effectors, ie cannons and / or rockets. In addition, this self-propelled device is very complex and expensive.
  • the inventive platform can be installed without the help of floating cranes or helicopters or the like at their destination.
  • the place of destination in the vicinity of the protected facilities such as maritime oil fields, oil production facilities or wind farms also has to be selected depending on the range of installed sensors and defense equipment.
  • the platform can be installed on the seabed and subsequently it is possible to resume this platform and put it back into service at another destination. Also for this repositioning, no floating cranes or helicopters are needed.
  • the platform according to the invention is stable in all states: during the swimming phase to the destination and also during the deployment phase after installation on the seabed.
  • the design of the platform is chosen to be suitable for a wide range of water depths, for example for depths between ten to thirty meters, but also for other water depths.
  • the platform and its components are manufactured in facilities on land and at least partially mounted.
  • the final assembly of outriggers, central pillar and main deck will be on the coast in a suitable assembly facility, such as a dry dock, or the platform will be towed into the water after assembly via cranes.
  • a suitable assembly facility such as a dry dock
  • the sensors and effectors of the platform are much more sensitive to mechanical stress than the platform itself, they are air-transportable. Depending on the location of use, it may therefore be useful, for example, to transport the effectors and / or the sensors after setting up the platform by helicopter.
  • the inventive platform is robust against asymmetric attacks from speed boats or with improvised explosive devices (lEDs)
  • the platform is thus suitable to carry one or more sensors and effectors and to provide them with a sufficiently stable basis for use. It is also a cost effective and simple method of reversibly anchoring the platform.
  • the invention therefore comprises a marine observation observation and defense device, comprising a first base element which can be lowered below the water surface to the seabed, an extended support structure connected to the base element, which is deployed upwardly from the base structure includes a cover structure mounted to the support structure at a movable distance from the base structure and configured to provide stabilizing buoyancy to the device during transport and installation against water floating parts of the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view (FIG. 1a) and a plan view (FIG. 1b) of the platform according to the invention in the installed insert configuration, FIG.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic side view (Fig. 2a) and a plan view (Fig. 2b) d
  • Fig. 3a shows a detail of the height adjustment at the boom ends of the platform according to the invention and in
  • FIG. 3b is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of Fig. 3a,
  • FIG. 4b shows a sectional view along line A-A from FIG. 4a and FIG. 4c shows a perspective view of the height drive
  • Fig. 5b shows a typical arrangement of utilities within the upper deck.
  • Fig. 6a to 6h the flow of the installation phase of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7a to 7f the flow of de-installation phase for the displacement of the platform.
  • Fig. 1a shows a side view (arrow A of Fig. 1 b) of the platform with multiple arms 2, a central column 3, to which the main deck 4 is fixed at a variable height.
  • the boom 2 carry in the region of their outer ends receptacle 5 for ballast or height compensation devices.
  • ballast tanks 6 are preferably provided on the level of the boom 2.
  • the platform construction 1 stands with its central column 3 and / or its receptacle 5 on the seabed 7 and the main deck is fixed at a certain height above the mean water level 8.
  • the components are made from seawater-resistant materials, e.g. Made of stainless steel or fiber-reinforced plastics or layer materials.
  • the main deck 4, the central column 3 and the boom 2 with the receptacles 5 are at least partially designed as a hollow body and can be filled via suitable valve and pumping units with seawater partially or completely and the seawater are also let out again, for example via the Blowing in compressed air.
  • the observation and defense facilities are located on and within the main deck 4. In the main deck 4 and in the central column 3 shelters are provided in attacks on the platform 1 (not shown).
  • FIG. 2 a shows a side view (arrow A of FIG. 2 b) of the platform 1 according to the invention in a transport configuration in which the platform is provided, for example, by one or more Tractor (not shown) can be towed by a shipyard to the intended site.
  • the main deck 4 has been moved along the central column 3 in the vicinity of the lower boom 2 and the level of the individual units with seawater is balanced so that the platform 1 protrudes partially from the sea surface 8.
  • the receptacles 5 are continued as integrated extensions of the arms 2 and the ballast tanks 6 are made circular around the central column 3.
  • the receptacle 5 carry height compensation devices 9, with the help of the ends of the boom 2 can be pushed or lifted from the seabed. It is directly understandable to the person skilled in the art that the cavities mentioned in FIGS. 2 and 3 can also be subdivided several times, as far as this appears advantageous in terms of design and manufacturer.
  • Fig. 3a shows the column-distal end of the boom 2 with receptacle 5 according to the embodiment of Fig. 2.
  • the height compensation device 9 and optionally another chamber 10 which is filled with a dietary fiber such as gravel, sand or concrete.
  • this fiber provides the necessary weight to install platform 1 on unprepared seabed of varying density and rigidity.
  • 3b shows the sectional drawing along the line A-A from Fig. 3a with the end of the boom 2 and height compensation device 9.
  • This consists of a hydraulic cylinder 11, which can push out an extendable punch 12 from the receptacle 5.
  • the punch 12 In the installed state of the platform 1, the punch 12 can be pushed down from the receptacle 5, so that in this case the punch 12 is present with its lower surface on the seabed.
  • the height compensation device is used to compensate for sloping or uneven seabed conditions.
  • Fig. 4a is a sectional view taken along line BB of Fig. 4b.
  • These drive pinions 14 are driven by electric motors 15.
  • Drive pinion 14 and electric motors 15 are mounted in a unit located within the main deck 4, so that during operation of the electric motors 15, the main deck 4 can be moved relative to the beams 2 along the central column 3.
  • Electric motors 15, drive pinion 14, racks 13 and a corresponding control are basically known from the prior art, so that they will not be explained further here.
  • FIG. 4 b shows a sectional view along the line AA of FIG. 4 a and allows a plan view of the double-walled design of central pillar 3 and main deck 4 including the drive components toothed racks 13, drive pinions 14 and electric motors 15.
  • Fig. 4c is a side view of the drive unit taken along line CC of Fig. 4a.
  • the drive pinion 14 engage in the rack 13 and thus allow an offset of the main deck along the axis of the central column. 3
  • FIG. 5a-b The configuration of the components for observation and defense purposes is shown in Figures 5a-b.
  • the central column 3 pierces the main deck 4 centrally.
  • effectors 16 consisting of guns with optional guided missile launchers.
  • a sensor unit 17 and a Seeradar 18 serve the position detection.
  • the radio mast 19 is operated via a communication unit 20.
  • Generator 21 and ammunition depot 22 supplement the superstructures.
  • the main deck contains hatches 23 and a staircase 24, the levels of the main deck 4 are connected. In the lower level, workshop 25, operating room 26, storage 27, and energy conversion and distribution facilities 28 are provided.
  • Further components, not shown, are provided, e.g. other weapon systems such as guided missiles, rockets, self-propelled torpedoes or other observers and sensors, e.g.
  • the effectors 16 sweep the full azimuth and are arranged in the illustrated configuration such that the uncovered solid angle is minimal.
  • the configuration shown in FIGS. 5a-b represents only one possibility for designing the platform 1 according to the invention. It is possible within the scope of this invention to provide further variants and embodiments.
  • the effectors 16 may also be positioned opposite each other with respect to the central axis 3, or more than two effectors may be provided at appropriate locations.
  • the main deck 4 may provide several intermediate decks for accommodating crews, supplies and peripherals.
  • the platform 1 is not dependent on permanently engaged operating personnel, but can be controlled by a remote higher-level command unit, at least for a limited time.
  • Fig. 6 ah shows a sequence of the inventive method for installing the platform 1 on the seabed.
  • the individual steps are supported by the targeted flooding of parts of the overall structure with ballast and in particular with seawater.
  • the flooded parts in each step are dark colored.
  • an inclination of the seabed of 3 ° with respect to the sea level is assumed.
  • Fig. 6a shows the positioning in phase 1.
  • the platform 1 is pulled into position by suitable means, such as one or more tractors.
  • the main deck 4 rests on the arms 2 during transport.
  • Fig. 6b shows in Phase 2 the beginning of the installation, wherein the immersion of the base formed by the three arms with the opening of a valve (not shown) at the bottom of the central column 3 is rung.
  • one or more hydraulic cylinders 11 will extend punch 12 so far that the main deck 4 is aligned horizontally and the inclination of the seabed or ripples, etc. is compensated.
  • the entire base formed by the arms 2 is flooded with water in phase 7 of Fig. 6g and finally raised in phase 8 of FIG. 6h, the main deck 4 to the desired height above sea level.
  • the valves to the inlet of the seawater and for venting are closed.
  • the valves used are known in the art from the prior art. Location and number of valves are re-selected depending on the application.
  • FIG. 7a-f The inventive method for de-installation of the platform 1 from the seabed is shown in Figure 7a-f; it consists essentially of the same steps as shown in Fig. 6 - performed in reverse order.
  • phase 1 of Fig. 7a first, the main deck 4 is unlocked and the valve of the central column 3 is opened. Using the drive unit of racks 13, drive pinion 14 and electric motors 15, the main deck 4 and lowered in phase 2 of Fig. 7b until it rests on the sea surface or partially immersed.
  • Fig. 7c of the phase 3 the valves of the ballast tanks 6 are opened and removed by means of compressed air, the ballast water from the base.
  • the main deck 4 is moved in the direction of the boom 2 in phase 4, FIG.
  • Fig. 7d via the drive unit, so that the platform 1 is released from the seabed and can float freely. Possibly out punch 12 are retracted again.
  • Fig. 7e the main deck above the base of the arms 2 has come to rest.
  • Fig. 7f finally, the remaining water from the central column 3 is pressed out by means of compressed air and finally closed all the valves. The platform 1 is ready for transport.
  • a direction-related vector signal (for example perpendicular to the plane of the main deck) is exchanged. This can be done, for example, by the emission of linearly polarized light from a reference point to a second reference point. Between the first, emitting reference point and the second, receiving reference point, a measuring device for the relative rotation of the second reference point is provided around the line connecting the reference points. This can be done in a preferred embodiment by a polarizing filter and a subsequently connected detector.
  • the linearly polarized light is attenuated as it passes through the polarization filter in a known manner as a function of the angle of rotation, and this attenuation is subsequently determined by the detector.
  • the analysis of the detector signals can be used to directly deduce the vibration behavior of the entire platform level and the sensors and armatures mounted thereon.
  • the light sensor is a sensor which can additionally resolve the point of impact of the light signal.
  • These sensors are known in principle, for example under the name Quadrantendiode.
  • the time-varying light signal at the individual diodes is recorded and transferred to a computing unit. This makes it possible in this embodiment, in addition to the dynamic twisting behavior around the beam axis and the vibration behavior to detect each perpendicular to the beam axis.
  • the arithmetic unit creates a dynamic oscillation image of the main deck 4 and transfers this information for further processing to the guns 16 associated gun computers.
  • 4 channels or tubes are provided within the main deck, in which the linearly polarized light signal is protected from the effects of weather.
  • the use of polarization-preserving optical waveguides is provided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une plate-forme (1) qui peut être installée sur son lieu d'affectation sans grue flottante ou hélicoptère ou matériel analogue. Le lieu d'affectation à proximité d'installations à protéger telles que des champs pétrolifères, des installations d'extraction du pétrole ou des fermes éoliennes, doit également être sélectionné en fonction de la portée des capteurs et des dispositifs de défense installés. La plate-forme (1) peut être installée sur un fond marin, cette plate-forme (1) pouvant être récupérée a posteriori pour être mise en fonctionnement sur un autre lieu d'affectation, le déplacement de cette plate-forme vers son nouveau lieu d'affectation ne nécessitant pas non plus de grue flottante ou d'hélicoptère. La plate-forme (1) selon l'invention est stable quel que soit son état, à savoir pendant la phase flottante où elle est amenée sur son lieu d'affectation tout comme pendant la phase d'utilisation après avoir été installée sur le fond marin. La conception de la plate-forme (1) selon l'invention est choisie de manière à être adaptée à une grande plage de profondeurs sous-marines par exemple pour des profondeurs allant de 10 à 30 mètres mais également pour d'autres profondeurs sous-marines.
PCT/EP2011/002007 2011-03-11 2011-04-20 Dispositif destiné à l'observation et/ou la défense d'un environnement maritime WO2012123002A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/054257 WO2012123405A2 (fr) 2011-03-11 2012-03-12 Dispositif de mesure pour une plate-forme d'observation et de défense maritime et plate-forme

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011013713 2011-03-11
DE102011013713 2011-03-11
NO20110433 2011-03-22
NO20110433 2011-03-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012123002A1 true WO2012123002A1 (fr) 2012-09-20

Family

ID=44627090

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/002007 WO2012123002A1 (fr) 2011-03-11 2011-04-20 Dispositif destiné à l'observation et/ou la défense d'un environnement maritime

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012123002A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB558455A (en) 1940-06-24 1944-01-06 William Arthur Phillips Improvements relating to coastal and like defence works
GB558484A (en) 1940-08-23 1944-01-07 William Arthur Phillips Improvements relating to floating coastal defence and like units
US3996754A (en) * 1973-12-14 1976-12-14 Engineering Technology Analysts, Inc. Mobile marine drilling unit
WO1999051821A1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-14 Suction Pile Technology B.V. Structure marine
US6099207A (en) * 1997-07-11 2000-08-08 Bennett; Roy M. Offshore platform assembly
GB2376442A (en) 2001-06-15 2002-12-18 Lamprell Energy Ltd Self-elevating platform with a detachable accommodation module
US6564741B2 (en) 2001-06-01 2003-05-20 The Johns Hopkins University Telescoping spar platform and method of using same
WO2009155639A1 (fr) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-30 Pluton Resources Ltd Plateforme de forage

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB558455A (en) 1940-06-24 1944-01-06 William Arthur Phillips Improvements relating to coastal and like defence works
GB558484A (en) 1940-08-23 1944-01-07 William Arthur Phillips Improvements relating to floating coastal defence and like units
US3996754A (en) * 1973-12-14 1976-12-14 Engineering Technology Analysts, Inc. Mobile marine drilling unit
US6099207A (en) * 1997-07-11 2000-08-08 Bennett; Roy M. Offshore platform assembly
WO1999051821A1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 1999-10-14 Suction Pile Technology B.V. Structure marine
US6564741B2 (en) 2001-06-01 2003-05-20 The Johns Hopkins University Telescoping spar platform and method of using same
GB2376442A (en) 2001-06-15 2002-12-18 Lamprell Energy Ltd Self-elevating platform with a detachable accommodation module
WO2009155639A1 (fr) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-30 Pluton Resources Ltd Plateforme de forage

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