WO2012122679A1 - 激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统 - Google Patents

激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012122679A1
WO2012122679A1 PCT/CN2011/000428 CN2011000428W WO2012122679A1 WO 2012122679 A1 WO2012122679 A1 WO 2012122679A1 CN 2011000428 W CN2011000428 W CN 2011000428W WO 2012122679 A1 WO2012122679 A1 WO 2012122679A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser
screen
light
image
human eye
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/000428
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈致晓
Original Assignee
Chen Chih-Hsiao
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chen Chih-Hsiao filed Critical Chen Chih-Hsiao
Priority to PCT/CN2011/000428 priority Critical patent/WO2012122679A1/zh
Publication of WO2012122679A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012122679A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3152—Modulator illumination systems for shaping the light beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/48—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor adapted for combination with other photographic or optical apparatus
    • G03B17/54—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor adapted for combination with other photographic or optical apparatus with projector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2086—Security or safety means in lamp houses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3191—Testing thereof
    • H04N9/3194—Testing thereof including sensor feedback

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a human eye safety protection system of a laser projection system, in particular to automatically reduce or turn off the laser imaging light power to avoid the human eye when any object such as a human body or a human eye is involved in the laser projection range. Damage, to achieve the protection of the human eye. Background technique
  • a laser projection system 100 generally includes a laser projector 101 for generating laser imaging light 102 according to an image signal of a still picture or a dynamic picture and projecting onto a screen 104 by the light exit port 103 to form a laser projector 101.
  • a static or dynamic image frame 105 is available for viewing.
  • the laser projector 101 is a projector using a laser as a light source, and the principle and technology of the projection include, but are not limited to, a Raster pattern scanning projection technique such as using a high-speed rotating polygon mirror.
  • MEMS mirror M ⁇ for scanning, DLP (Digital Light Procession) projection technology, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) projection technology, LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon, reflective micro LCD) projection technology and Grating Light Valve projection technology, etc.; wherein the laser imaging light 102 is projected onto the screen 104 by the light exit 103 of the laser projector 101, and a projection path thereof is formed between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104.
  • a conical laser projection range 106 i.e., the extent of the image frame 105, can be considered as the maximum projection angle at which the laser imaging light 102 is projected onto the screen 104.
  • a laser projection system 100 When a laser projection system 100 is in operation, for the sake of safety, it is necessary to effectively prevent the laser imaging light 102 from directly entering the human eye and causing injury. Such a damage situation may occur, even often, such as: using a laser projector 101 Projected toward a screen 104, while the space in front of the screen 104 is passed through into the human eye; or the laser projection system 100 is applied to a Head-Up-Display (HUD), such as a head-up display for a vehicle. , a dashboard, an advertisement, etc., which has a transparent screen on the transparent windshield in front of the driver's seat of the vehicle, and then projects the laser generated by the laser projector onto the transparent projection screen.
  • HUD Head-Up-Display
  • the driver can observe in the head-up state. However, there may still be children intervening between the laser projector and the screen for curious, or the laser passes through the transparent screen and is directed toward the human eye on the back side of the transparent screen. Whether a laser is injected into the human eye or not has an associated laser safety specification, such as the definition of the American Laser Safety Association. Eye safety specifications, we can also calculate the laser safety distance of a laser projector based on the human eye safety standard defined by the American Laser Safety Association or calculate a safe light power value.
  • a laser projection system conforms to the laser safety specification depends on the wavelength of the laser light it projects, the maximum optical power, and the distance between the laser projector and the human eye; the larger the projection distance, the laser beam enters the human The smaller the light energy of the eye, the less it will harm the human eye; on the contrary, when the projection distance is less than the laser safety distance, the more it hurts the human eye.
  • the laser projection system should automatically attenuate or turn off the laser imaging light power to avoid harm to the human eye.
  • the achievement of the protection effect of human eye safety is an urgent issue to be solved in the relevant industry. Summary of the invention
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a human eye safety protection system for a laser projection system, the laser projection system comprising a laser projector for generating laser imaging light according to a still image or a dynamic image image signal and projecting from the light exit port to Forming an image on a screen, the human eye security protection system is provided on the same side of the laser projector by using at least one detecting component for detecting and obtaining an event influence data, the event affecting data due to an object intervening in the laser projector Correlating data generated corresponding to the projection path of the imaging light with the screen; and electrically connected to the laser projector by using at least one control component, the control component is provided with at least one comparison determination mechanism and can be set
  • the startup standard data of the one eye security protection is used for comparing and determining the data according to the event impact data provided by the detecting component with the set startup standard data; wherein when the control component compares and determines the provided by the detecting component
  • the event impact data is different from the startup standard data or the difference is a certain
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a human eye security protection system for a laser projection system, which uses an image capturing device as a detecting component for capturing an image when an object is interposed between the laser projector and the screen.
  • the image obstructed by the object is used as the event impact data, wherein the control element is used as the start of the eye protection by the image formed by the laser projector at the time when the imaged light is not obstructed by the object.
  • Standard data wherein the control element controls the laser when the control element compares and determines that the image blocked by the object on the screen is different from the image originally formed on the screen or a difference therebetween (degree)
  • the projector is to attenuate or turn off the laser imaging light power.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a human eye security protection system for a laser projection system, which uses an image capturing device at a position of a lens to set a position as a detecting element for capturing an object when the laser is inserted into the laser.
  • the image is used as the starting standard data for the safety protection of the human eye; wherein when the control component compares and determines that the object on the screen is obstructed, the image having different depth of field at the obstacle position of the image is different from the image originally formed on the screen at that time.
  • the control element controls the laser projector to attenuate or turn off the laser imaging light power when the difference therebetween reaches a certain ratio.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a human eye security protection system for a laser projection system, which uses an LED light source and a light sensing component as a detecting component, wherein the LED light source emits a wavelength of light to be projected onto the screen.
  • the light sensing component is configured to measure energy returned by an object between the laser projector and the screen, causing the LED wavelength light to be obstructed by the object in the projection path as the event impact data, wherein the control The component returns the energy returned by the wavelength light of the LED light source in the projection path without being obstructed by the object as the startup standard data of the eye protection; wherein when the control component compares and determines that the LED wavelength light is blocked by the object The returning energy is different from the energy returned by the LED wavelength light that is not obstructed by the object or a difference between them.
  • the control element controls the laser projector to attenuate or turn off the laser imaging optical power.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a human eye security protection system for a laser projection system, which uses a laser light source and a light sensing element as detection elements, wherein the laser light source emits scanning laser light to be projected onto the screen.
  • the light sensing component is configured to measure a time when an object is interposed between the laser projector and the screen, causing the scanning laser to be blocked by the object in the projection path to be the event influence data, wherein the control component
  • the time when the scanning laser light of the laser light source is returned by the object in the projection path is regarded as the starting standard data for the safety protection of the human eye; wherein the control element compares and judges that the scanning laser light is blocked by the object and returns
  • the time, that is, the event influence data is less than the time when the scanning laser is not obstructed by the object, that is, when the standard data is started, or when the difference reaches a certain ratio, the control element controls the laser projector to attenuate or turn off the laser imaging light power.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a human eye security protection system for a laser projection system, wherein when the screen is a fluorescent film, laser imaging light of the laser projector is projected onto the fluorescent film screen to excite the generated excitation light. And forming an image, wherein the detecting component is a light sensing component for measuring the relatively reduced excitation light when an object is interposed between the laser projector and the fluorescent film screen, causing the fluorescent film screen to be obstructed by the object.
  • the control element controls the laser when the energy of the relatively reduced excitation light, that is, the event influence data, is smaller than the energy of the excited light that is not hindered by the object on the screen of the fluorescent film, that is, the start standard data or a difference therebetween
  • the projector is to attenuate or turn off the laser imaging light power.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a human eye security protection system for a laser projection system that utilizes an ultrasonic wave emission source and a light sensing element as detection elements, wherein the ultrasonic wave emission source is used to emit ultrasonic waves for projection to On the screen, the light sensing component is configured to measure the time when an object is interposed between the laser projector and the screen, causing the ultrasonic wave to be blocked by the object in the projection path to be the event impact data.
  • control element returns the time when the ultrasonic wave of the ultrasonic wave source is not obstructed by the object in the projection path as the starting standard data of the eye safety protection, wherein when the control element compares and judges the ultrasonic wave, The time at which the object blocks and returns, that is, the event-affected data, is less than the time when the ultrasonic wave is not obstructed by the object, that is, the time when the standard data is started or the difference therebetween reaches a certain ratio, the control element controls the laser projector to weaken or Turn off the laser imaging light power.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional laser projection system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of a human eye security protection system applied to a laser projection system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a human eye security protection system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing the size and shape of a picture frame of an image frame that is obstructed by an object on the screen in the architecture of the first embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a human eye security protection system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a human eye security protection system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic structural view of a common optical path type of a fifth embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of a human eye security protection system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a human eye security protection system according to the present invention.
  • 10 is a schematic structural view of an eighth embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an invisible light structure light curtain (infrared mesh stripe light curtain) in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structural light deformation of the invisible light curtain shown in Figure 11 after being obstructed by an object;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a common optical path pattern of invisible light structured light and laser imaging light in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10;
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the overall progressive or smooth structural light deformation of the invisible light curtain shown in Fig. 11.
  • the human eye security protection system of the present invention is applied to a laser projection system 100.
  • the laser projection system 100 includes a laser projector 101 for generating laser imaging light 102 and projecting from a light exit 103 to a screen 104. Up to form an image screen 105.
  • FIG. 2 it is a basic architecture of the human eye security system 200 of the present invention applied to a laser projection system 100.
  • the human eye security protection system 200 of the present invention utilizes at least one detection component 201 disposed on the same side of the laser projector 101, i.e., on the opposite side of the screen 104, for detecting and obtaining an event impact data that affects data due to an object 300.
  • the human body, the human eye, and the like are included herein, and the related data generated by the laser projector 101 and the screen 104 causing the projection path of the partial laser imaging light 102 to be hindered is involved; and at least one control is utilized.
  • the component 202 is electrically connected to the laser projector 101, and when the detecting component 201 detects and acquires an event influence data, that is, simultaneously provides the control component 202; wherein the control component 202 is provided with at least one comparison judgment mechanism. , and can set the startup standard data of one eye security protection, and the startup standard data corresponds to the inspection.
  • the detecting component 201 and the event impact data detected and obtained by the detecting component 201 are matched with the data type of the event influencing data for comparison; therefore, the control component 202 can influence the data according to the event provided by the detecting component 201.
  • the set startup standard data is compared and judged; wherein, when the control component 202 compares and determines that the event influence data provided by the detecting component 201 is different from the startup standard data or the difference between the two reaches a certain proportion or degree That is, the laser projector 101 is controlled by the control element 202 to reduce or turn off the optical power of the laser imaging light 102 to avoid injection into the human eye or damage to the human eye, thereby achieving a human eye safety protection effect.
  • FIG. 2 An example is illustrated in FIG. 2: If the object 300 does not intervene and block the projection path of the laser imaging light 102, the laser imaging light 102 at that time should form a predetermined image on the screen 104. 105, wherein the image frame 105 is substantially readable by the laser imaging light 102 originally formed by the laser projector 101; when an object 300 is interposed between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104, a portion of the laser imaging light 102 is blocked. The projection path cannot be projected onto the screen 104, and the image image 105 that should be formed is missing a barrier position image 107 corresponding to the object 300. Therefore, the data detected by the detecting component 201 at that time is what the present invention refers to.
  • the event influence data that is, the image screen 105a lacking a block position image 107, is different from the image screen 105 which should be formed at that time.
  • the present invention utilizes the comparison determination mechanism of the control element 202 to compare and determine the event influence data (such as the above-obstructed image frame 105a) provided by the detecting component 201 with the startup standard data (such as the above).
  • the control element 202 is automatically activated to control the laser projector 101 to attenuate or turn off the optical power of the laser imaging light 102.
  • the detecting element 201 used in the present invention can be of various types, and therefore the event influencing data and the starting standard data are also changed in accordance with the formation pattern of the data (which will be described later in conjunction with the embodiments).
  • the detection component 201 and the event impact data detected by the detection, and the control component 202 and the startup standard data set therebetween are further illustrated by the following embodiments. Connection relationships and various usage patterns:
  • the detecting component 201 is an image capturing device 201a, such as a photographic lens, for capturing an area between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104 when an object 300 is interposed.
  • the image path corresponding to the projection path of the laser imaging light 102a is hindered 105a is used as the event impact data, and the image screen 105a lacks an obstruction position image 107 with respect to the original image frame 105; wherein the control element 202a (202) is obtained by the laser projector 101.
  • the laser imaging light 102 is not obstructed by the object 300, and the image frame 105 originally formed on the screen 104 is regarded as the activation standard data of the human eye security protection; wherein when the control element 202a is compared and judged on the screen 104
  • the object 300 hinders the affected image frame 105a from being different from the image frame 105 originally formed on the screen or a certain degree (degree) between the two, if the control element 202a compares and determines that the image screen 105a is indeed different In the image frame 105, and at least one of the image frames 105a, 105 has a difference in blocking the position image 107; then the control element 202a controls the laser projector 101 to attenuate or turn off the optical power of the laser imaging light 102, To avoid injection into the human eye or damage to the human eye, to achieve the protection effect of the human eye.
  • the image capturing device 201a is disposed on the same side of the laser projector 101 and is adjacent to the light exiting port 103 of the laser imaging light 102 of the laser projector 101, so that the image capturing device 201a is captured from the screen 104.
  • the upper image screen 105a can be coupled to the image screen 105 originally formed by the laser projector 101 as much as possible to facilitate the comparison of the control element 202a.
  • the image capturing range or the recognition range of the image capturing device 201a covers the maximum projection range of the laser projector 101, such as the tapered laser projection range 106 or the maximum range of the image frame 105, to ensure the laser projection range of the laser projector 101. Any intervening object 300 within 106 can be detected.
  • the screen 104 is attached to a transparent windshield in front of the driver's seat of the vehicle by using a transparent screen such as a film.
  • a transparent screen such as a film.
  • the shape and curvature of the front windshield of the vehicle directly affects the shape of the image frame 105 projected on the screen 104, that is, the size and shape of the frame of the image frame 105 may vary depending on the shape of the screen 104.
  • the sector image screen 105a is shown as a solid line in FIG. 3A.
  • control element 202a is further provided with an image recognition system 203 for
  • the image screen 105a blocked by the object 300 on the screen 104 performs image processing so that the size and shape of the image frame 105a on the screen 104 can be further corrected and coupled to the time when the laser imaging light 102 is not obstructed by the object.
  • the size and shape of the image frame 105 originally formed on the screen 104 are as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3A.
  • the image frame 105 that is, the deformed image frame (105a) deformed according to the curvature of the shape of the screen 104 is first reduced to the size and shape of the image frame 105a before the deformation, so that the control element 202a can be more effective. Comparison and judgment.
  • the obstruction is caused.
  • the image frame 105a after the sounding is missing a blocked position image 107 with respect to the originally formed image screen 105.
  • the blocked position image 107 may be projected on the object 300 as shown in FIG. 3, and the image capturing device 201 is used.
  • the image is captured in the image frame 105a, but the image frame 105a is captured by the image of the obstructed position image 107 on the object 300, but the image (107) and the screen 104 on the object 300 are blocked.
  • the upper image screen 105a is not on the same plane.
  • the boundary line (the boundary 1 ine ) of the image on the image screen 105a captured by the image capturing device 201 a that blocks the position image 107 is inevitably blocked from the image light.
  • the image screen 105 to be formed on the screen is different.
  • the image line 105a captured by the image capturing device 201a has a phenomenon that the boundary line of the image blocking the position image 107 is broken off from the boundary line of the outer peripheral image.
  • the control component 202a may further be provided with an image recognition system 203a for performing image processing on the image frame 105a blocked by the object, so that the image frame 105a is A boundary line can be coupled to a boundary line of the image frame 105 that should be formed on the screen without being obstructed by the object, so that the control element 202 can perform a more effective comparison and determination, that is, the image frame.
  • the boundary line of 105a is first subjected to image processing so that its boundary line or its connection state can be clearly distinguished, so that the control element 202a can be easily compared and judged.
  • control component 202a further includes an image recognition system 203b for performing image processing on the image frame 105a affected by the object to identify the obstacle of the image screen 105a. Whether the position image 107 overlaps and covers, deforms or shifts the corresponding position image of the image frame 105 originally formed on the screen, so that the control element 202a can perform more effective comparison and judgment.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention.
  • the human eye security protection system 200b of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the human eye security protection system 200a of the first embodiment, and the difference is that the detection component 201b is an image capturing device with a lens focal length set at the position of the screen 104. That is, the depth of field of the image frame 105a captured by the detecting component (image capturing device) 201b is set at the position of the screen 104 or is limited to a set depth of field as shown by D in FIG. 4 within a short distance range.
  • the human eye security protection system 200b of the present embodiment utilizes the specific image capturing device 201b to capture the influence of an object 300 intervening between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104, causing the projection path of part of the laser imaging light 102 to be hindered.
  • the corresponding image screen 105a generated afterwards is considered as the event Data, wherein the control element 202b uses the image frame 105 originally formed on the screen 104 by the laser projector 101 when the imaging light is not obstructed by the object 300 as the activation standard data of the eye security protection.
  • the image frame 105a lacks an obstruction position image 107 relative to the originally formed image frame 105, even though the obstruction position image 107 may be projected on the object 300 and captured by the image capturing device 201a.
  • the blocked position image 107 of the image screen 105a forms a different depth of field due to the distance from the screen 104, so that the blocked position image 107 appearing on the image screen 105a is significantly different from the image sharpness.
  • the image frame 105a captured on the screen 104 that is, the image frame 105a captured from the screen 104 and the block position image 107 have a significant difference in image sharpness, and thus the control element 202b
  • the comparison judgment mechanism can compare and judge that the resolution of the obstruction position image 107 is different from the obstruction position image corresponding to the image image 105 originally formed on the screen at that time, or the difference between the two has been recognized.
  • the control element 202b controls the laser projector 101 to attenuate or turn off the laser imaging light power to avoid shooting The human eye or cause harm to the human eye, but to achieve the protective effect of eye-safe.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention.
  • the human eye security protection system 200c of the present embodiment is substantially the same as the human eye security protection systems 200a, 200b of the first and second embodiments, and the difference is that: the detection used in the human eye security protection system 200c of the present embodiment
  • the component 201 c is an image capturing device, such as a photographic lens, for extracting correspondingly when an object 300 is interposed between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104, causing a partial projection path of the laser imaging light 102a to be hindered.
  • the image screen 105a is used as the event influence data; and the control element 202c used can further compare and determine the appearance position of the obstruction position image 107 according to the obstruction position image 107 appearing on the image screen 105a to further
  • the laser projector 101 is controlled to attenuate or turn off the optical power of the laser imaging light 102a projected at a corresponding position of the obstruction position image 107. As shown in FIG.
  • the function of the eye safety protection system 200c is as long as the laser imaging light 102 emitted by the laser projector 101 is projected into or into the corresponding position of the obstruction position image 107, and can be weakened or closed by the control of the control element 202c.
  • the optical power of the partial laser imaging light 102a projected to the corresponding position range of the obstruction position image 107, as shown in FIG. 5, has been weakened or turned off to prevent the portion of the laser imaging light 102a from entering the human eye.
  • the laser imaging light 102 in the corresponding position range of the obstruction position image 107 is still projected onto the screen 104 outside the region of the obstructed position image 107 caused by the moving object 300 to form an image for viewing.
  • the human eye security protection system 200c of the present embodiment uses the image capturing device 201c to capture the image frame 105a when the object 300 is interposed between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104, and by the control element 202c.
  • the relative position of the object 300 i.e., the obstruction position image 107) is determined and determined such that the laser projector 101 is directly controlled to attenuate or close the projection to the object when the laser imaging light 102a will enter the region of the object 300.
  • the optical power of the laser imaging light 102a of 300 i.e., the position image 107 is blocked).
  • the detecting component 201d includes: an LED light source 204 for emitting a wavelength of light and projecting to the screen; and a light sensing component 205 for measuring an object 300 intervening between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104 to cause the LED wavelength light to be affected by the object in the projection path, and the energy returned by the screen 104 is affected by the object and affect the data as the event, wherein the control element 202d, the energy returned by the screen 104 by the wavelength light of the LED light source 204 is not obstructed by the object in the projection path, and is used as the starting standard data for the safety protection of the human eye, that is, the starting standard data can be obtained beforehand.
  • the control element compares and determines the LED The energy returned by the object 300 is blocked by the object 300, that is, the event influence data, which is different from the energy returned by the LED wavelength light that is not hindered by the object 300, that is, the start standard data, or the difference between the two reaches a certain ratio, the control The component 202d controls the laser projector 101 to attenuate or turn off the optical power of the laser imaging light 102 to avoid injection into the human eye or damage to the human eye, thereby achieving a human eye safety protection effect.
  • the detecting component 201e includes: a laser source 206 for emitting a scanning laser 206a for projection onto the screen 104; and a light sensing component 207 for measuring An object 300 intervenes between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104 to cause a portion of the scanning laser 206a to be blocked by the object 300 and returned as the event affecting data;
  • the control element 202e is projected to the screen 104 and returned by the scanning laser light 206a of the laser light source 206 in the projection path without being obstructed by the object 300 to serve as the starting standard data for the eye safety protection. Since the laser light source 206 is at a predictable distance between the screens 104, the scanning laser light 206a of the laser light source 206 is not blocked by the object 300 in the projection path and is projected to the screen 104 and returned, that is, the standard data is started. , can be measured beforehand and set first. When an object 300 is interposed between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104, the scanning laser 206a is projected onto the object 300 and returned to the time measured by the light sensing element 207, that is, the event affecting data.
  • control element 202e compares the time when the scanning laser 206a is blocked by the object 300 (ie, the event influence data) is less than the time when the scanning laser is not obstructed by the object (ie, the start standard data) or the difference thereof When a certain ratio is reached, the control element 202e controls the laser projector 101 to attenuate or turn off the power of the laser imaging light to avoid injection into the human eye or damage to the human eye, thereby achieving a human eye safety protection effect.
  • the laser light source 206 of the detecting element 201e is provided in a laser projector.
  • the scanning laser light 206a emitted by the laser light source 206 is formed into a common optical path pattern with the laser imaging light 102 emitted from the light exit port 103 of the laser projector 101, as shown in FIG. 7A to illustrate one of the common optical path types.
  • the architecture is not limited. Therefore, the scanning laser light 206a emitted by the laser light source 206 can be projected onto the screen 104 in synchronization with the laser imaging light 102 from the light exit port 103 of the laser projector 101.
  • the scanning laser 206a can form a common light path with the laser imaging light 102 to be simultaneously projected onto the screen 104 by the light exit port 103
  • the scanning laser light 206a emitted by the laser light source 206 covers the maximum projection range of the laser projector 101.
  • the tapered laser projection range 106 or the maximum extent of the image frame 105 ensures that any intervening objects 300 within the laser projection range 106 of the laser projector 101 can be detected.
  • the light sensing component 207 can also be disposed in the laser projector 101 and pass through the light exit 103 of the laser projector 101 to receive the returned scanning laser 206a; wherein at least one optical splitter can be utilized.
  • BS Beam Splitter
  • WS Wavelength Selective device
  • BS Beam Splitter
  • WS Wavelength Selective device
  • the scanning laser light 206a can be entered by the light exit port 103 and re-projected to the light sensing element 207 via the plurality of beam splitters (BS) or wavelength selectors (WS), regardless of whether it is returned by the object 300 or not.
  • the scanning laser 206a can be measured by the light sensing element 207 to return ⁇ time.
  • FIG. 8 it is a schematic diagram of the sixth embodiment of the human eye security protection system of the present invention.
  • the human eye security protection system 200f of the present embodiment is applied to a laser projection system 100 and its screen 104 is a fluorescent film type screen 104a, wherein the laser imaging light 102 of the laser projector 101 is projected onto the fluorescent film type screen 104a to excite The excited light is generated to form an image frame 105.
  • the detecting component 201 f is a light sensing component 208 for measuring when an object 300 is interposed between the laser projector 101 and the fluorescent film screen 104a.
  • the fluorescent film screen 104a is blocked by the object 300 to relatively reduce the energy of the image of the image of the excited light 105a, and is used as the event influence data; since part of the laser imaging light 102a is blocked by the object 300, it cannot be projected to the fluorescent film.
  • the energy of the excited light generated by the excitation on the fluorescent film screen 104a that is, the energy of the image image 105a formed by the object 300, will be relatively reduced; wherein the control element 202f
  • the laser imaging light 102 is not blocked by the object 300, and the energy of the excited light generated by the fluorescent film type screen 104a (ie, the energy of the image image 105 that should be formed) is regarded as the activation of the human eye security protection.
  • the control element 202f compares the energy of the excited light that is relatively reduced after being hindered by the object 300 (ie, the event influence data) is smaller than the energy of the excited light (ie, the activation standard data) on the fluorescent film type screen 104a that is not hindered by the object 300, or the difference between the two reaches a certain ratio, the control element 202f controls the laser
  • the projector 101 reduces or turns off the laser imaging light power to avoid injection into the human eye or damage to the human eye, thereby achieving a human eye safety protection effect.
  • the laser imaging light 102 of the laser projector 101 is projected onto the fluorescent film screen 104a to excite the generated excitation light to form an image frame 105/105a, wherein the image frame 105/105a is formed by a certain frequency.
  • a plurality of consecutive image frames are formed. For example, a time difference between two adjacent image frames is smaller than a human eye persistence time to form a dynamic picture; but each image frame formed on the fluorescent film type screen 104a ( The energy of the frame may have different energies depending on the image frame 105/105a. Therefore, the energy value of each image frame is used as a reference for the comparison of the control element 202f, and the detection component may be increased.
  • the fluorescent film screen 104a is obstructed by the object 300 to relatively reduce the energy of the image frame 105a of the excited light (ie, event influence data) and the laser imaging light at that time.
  • 102 is not obstructed by an object and is projected onto the fluorescent film type screen 104a.
  • the average value of the energy of the plurality of image frames is used as a reference value for the energy of the comparison, that is, the energy of an image frame.
  • the average energy of the plurality of image frames is used as a reference energy for comparison to enhance the operational efficiency of the light sensing element 208 and the control element 202f.
  • the energy of one image frame or the average energy of multiple image frames is used as the reference energy for comparison.
  • the detecting component 201g includes: an ultrasonic wave transmitting source 209 for emitting ultrasonic waves 209a for projection onto the screen 104; and a light sensing component 210 for measuring When an object 300 intervenes between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104, causing a projection path of the partial ultrasonic wave 209a to be blocked by the object 300 and returning, and affecting the data as the event; wherein the control element 202g takes the super The ultrasonic wave 209a emitted by the sound wave transmitting source 209 is not blocked by the object 300 in the projection path and is projected to the screen 104 and returned at the time as the starting standard data for the eye safety protection.
  • the ultrasonic wave emitting source 209 Since the ultrasonic wave emitting source 209 is at a predictable distance between the screens 104, the ultrasonic wave 209a emitted by the ultrasonic wave transmitting source 209 is not blocked by the object 300 in the projection path and is projected onto the screen 104 and returned.
  • the time that is, the start of the standard data, can be measured beforehand and set first.
  • the projection path of the ultrasonic wave 209a is blocked by the object 300 and returned, and the time measured by the light sensing element 210, that is, the event
  • the influence data may be different from the time when the ultrasonic wave 209a emitted by the ultrasonic wave transmitting source 209 is not blocked by the object 300 in the projection path and is projected to the screen 104 and returned, that is, the preset standard data that has been set in advance; that is, The time that the event affects the data will be less than the time as the start standard data.
  • control element 202g compares and determines that the ultrasonic wave 209a is blocked by the object 300 and returns (ie, the event influence data) is less than the time when the ultrasonic wave 209a is not obstructed by the object (ie, starts the standard data) or When the difference reaches a certain ratio, the control component 202g controls the laser projector 101 to attenuate or turn off the power of the laser imaging light to avoid injection into the human eye or damage to the human eye, thereby achieving a human eye safety protection effect.
  • the light sensing element 207/210 is used to measure when an object 300 is interposed between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104 to cause a portion of the scanning laser 206a/.
  • the projection path of the ultrasonic wave 209a is blocked by the object 300 and returned as the event influence data, and the control element 202e/202g projects with the scanning laser 206a/ultrasonic wave 209a not blocked by the object 300 in the projection path.
  • the time to the screen 104 and returned is taken as the starting standard data for the security of the human eye; Since the distance between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104 is generally fixed during use, the scanning laser 206a/ultrasound 209a is projected to the screen 104 and the return time is relatively fixed, so A time value is measured before use to serve as the starting standard data for human eye safety protection.
  • the detecting element 201h includes an invisible light source 21 1 and an image capturing device 212.
  • the invisible light source 21 1 is configured to emit a certain pattern of invisible light structured light 21 1a, such as infrared (IR) mesh stripe light, but is not limited to be projected onto the screen 104 to form an invisible light.
  • the curtain 213 is an infrared (IR) mesh stripe light curtain as shown in FIG.
  • the image capturing device 212 can be a 4 photographic lens such as a CCD (charge coupled device), but is not limited to capture an image of the invisible light curtain 213 on the screen 104, and the image is ⁇ Preferably, the device 212 is disposed adjacent to the light exit port 103 of the laser projector 101, but is not limited; and since the image frame 105 formed by the laser imaging light 102 of the laser projector 101 projected onto the screen 104 is visible light, The image capturing device 212 can only capture the image of the invisible light curtain 213 on the screen 104, and does not capture the image frame 105 composed of visible light, so it is not interfered by the image frame 105.
  • CCD charge coupled device
  • the image of the invisible light curtain 213a is regarded as the event influence data referred to in the present invention; the invisible light curtain 213a is formed as shown in FIG. 12 with respect to the unobstructed.
  • the invisible light curtain 213 is shown in Fig. 11. Because of the concave and convex surface of the invading object 300, the invisible light structured light 21 1a is locally affected at the obstruction position 301 of the object 300.
  • the structural light distortion is shown in Figure 12.
  • the control element 202h treats the invisible light curtain 213 originally formed on the screen 104 by the invisible visible light 211a without being obstructed by the object 300.
  • the eye safety protection activation standard data, and the invisible light curtain 213 is captured by the image capturing device 212 and set as the startup standard data.
  • the control element 202h compares and determines that the image of the invisible light curtain 213a on the screen 104 is obstructed by the object 300, the image of the invisible light curtain 213 or the image of the invisible light curtain 213 that should be formed on the screen 104 at the time is different.
  • the control element 202h compares and judges the object The image of the invisible light curtain 213a after the obstruction is indeed different from the invisible light curtain 213 which should be formed, and at least the obstruction position 301 exists between the invisible light curtains 213 and 213a due to local structural light deformation. The resulting difference is shown in FIG. 12; then the control element 202h controls the laser projector 101 to attenuate or turn off the optical power of the laser imaging light 102 to avoid injection into the human eye or damage to the human eye. The protection effect of the human eye.
  • the position of the image capturing device 212 is set in advance, and is set to be close to the light exit port 103 of the laser projector 101, that is, the image capturing device 212 is captured.
  • the image of the invisible light curtain 213 can be preset, so in the current structured light measurement technology, the image of the invisible light curtain 213a on the screen 104 that is obstructed by the object 300 and the screen 104 on the screen at that time
  • the image of the invisible light curtain 213 to be formed can be set by optical image processing and established on the same reference, so that the control element 202h can be easily compared and judged.
  • the invisible light source 211 of the detecting element 201h in the embodiment is disposed in the laser projector 101, and the invisible laser source 21 1 is emitted by controlling, for example, a laser signal modulation module.
  • a certain mode of invisible light structured light 21 1 a such as infrared (IR) mesh stripe light, but not limited to, projected onto the screen 104 to form an invisible light curtain 213 such as an infrared (IR) mesh
  • the stripe light curtain is as shown in FIG. 11, and the invisible light structure 211a emitted by the invisible light source 21 1 is formed into a common light path pattern with the laser imaging light 102 emitted from the light exit 103 of the laser projector 101. 13 is shown in FIG.
  • BS optical splitter
  • WS wavelength selecter
  • the invisible light laser source 21 1 Invisible light emitting structured light 21 1a 102 can be synchronized with the imaging laser light is projected onto the screen 104 by the light of the laser projector 101 of the opening 103.
  • the invisible light structure light 21 1a can form a common light path pattern with the laser imaging light 102 to be simultaneously projected onto the screen 104 by the light exit port 103
  • the invisible light structure light 211a emitted by the invisible light laser light source 21 1 covers
  • the maximum projection range of the laser projector 101 such as the conical laser projection range 106 or the maximum range of the image frame 105, ensures that any intervening objects 300 within the laser projection range 106 of the laser projector 101 can be detected.
  • the invisible light structure 213 of the human eye security protection system 200h of the present embodiment is not blocked by the object 300, and the invisible light curtain 213 should be formed on the screen 104. It is still possible to deform as the position of the screen 104 is different or changed, for example: when the embodiment is applied to a head-up display (HUD) for a vehicle, as in the first embodiment and FIGS. 3, 3A As shown, the screen 104 is disposed on the curved front windshield of the vehicle, so that the invisible light curtain 213 also has a comprehensive progressive or smooth deformation along with the curved shape of the front windshield.
  • HUD head-up display
  • the invisible light curtain 213 also has a full progressive or smooth deformation along with the curved shape or different projection angle of the projection screen 104 as shown in FIG. 14; however, due to the three-dimensional concave surface
  • the structural light deformation that is caused by the object 300 and obstructed at the obstruction position 301 of the object 300 is generally more prominent and obvious as shown in FIG. 12, that is, local non-progressive or non-smoothing is generally generated at the obstruction position 301.
  • the image capturing device 212 can capture the image of the invisible light curtain 213 on the screen 104 as the startup standard data of the embodiment, and when the image is ⁇ When the image of the invisible light curtain 213 captured by the device 212 has undergone a comprehensive progressive or smooth structural light deformation as the position of the screen 104 is changed or changed, it is still used as the implementation.
  • the startup standard data of the example that is, the image of the invisible light curtain 213 captured by the image capturing device 212 at any time, can be regarded as the present as long as no local non-progressive or non-smooth structural light distortion is generated.
  • the updated (updated) activation standard data of an embodiment enables the control component 202h (202) to utilize the updated (started) activation criteria data obtained by the image capture device 212 for comparison and determination.
  • images of the front and rear invisible light curtains 213, 213a after the obstruction can be set by optical image processing and established on the same reference for the control element 202h to be compared and judged, so the embodiment
  • the control element 202h can further detect the coordinate position or range of the obstruction position 301 according to the comparison and determination of the two invisible light curtains 213, 213a to further control the laser projector 101 to weaken or close the projection to The light power of the laser imaging light 102a corresponding to the corresponding position or range of the position 301 is blocked.
  • the eye safety protection system 200h can be reduced or turned off by the control of the control element 202h as long as the laser imaging light 102 emitted by the laser projector 101 is projected to or into the corresponding position or range of the obstruction position 301.
  • the optical power of the partial laser imaging light 102a in the corresponding position or range of the obstruction position 301 the partial laser imaging light 102a can be avoided.
  • the human eye security protection system 200h of the present embodiment can further utilize the image capturing device 212 of the detecting component 201h to capture the invisible light curtain when the object 300 is interposed between the laser projector 101 and the screen 104. 213a, by which the control element 202h compares and determines the relative position of the object 300 (ie, the obstruction position 301) so that the laser imaging light 102a will directly control the laser projector 101 when it enters the region of the object 300. To reduce or turn off the optical power of the laser imaging light 102a that is projected onto the object 300 (ie, obstructing position 301).
  • the laser safety distance of a laser projector 101 can be derived based on the human eye safety specification defined by the American Laser Safety Association or a safe optical power value can be derived. Therefore, in the above embodiments, the control element 202 can be controlled.
  • the laser projector 101 is configured to reduce the optical power of the laser imaging light 102 to or from the safety light power value.

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Description

激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 尤指一种当任一物体 如人体或人眼介入该激光投影范围内时， 能自动减弱或关闭激光成像光功率以 避免对人眼造成伤害， 达成人眼安全的保护效果。 背景技术
如图 1所示， 现有一激光投影系统 100—般包含一激光投影机 101用以根 据静态画面或动态画面的影像信号以产生激光成像光 102并由出光口 103投射 至一屏幕 104上以形成静态或动态的影像画面 105供人观赏。该激光投影机 101 为一利用激光作为发光源的投影器， 其投影的原理及技术包含但不限于激光光 栅型式 （Raster pattern ) 扫描 （scanning ) 投影技术如利用高速旋转多面反射镜 ( polygon mirror )或微机电摆动反射镜（ MEMS mirror M乍为扫描件， DLP( Digital Light Procession, 数字光处理）投影技术， LCD ( Liquid Crystal Display, 液晶 显示器）投影技术， LCOS ( Liquid Crystal on Silicon, 反射式 micro LCD )投影 技术与 Grating Light Valve投影技术等； 其中该激光成像光 102由激光投影机 101的出光口 103投射至该屏幕 104上，其投射路径即在该激光投影机 101与屏 幕 104之间形成一锥形的激光投射范围 106,也就是该影像画面 105的区域范围 即可视为激光成像光 102投影至屏幕 104上的最大投影角度。
当一激光投影系统 100 在运作时， 为安全起见， 须有效防范该激光成像光 102直接射入人眼中而造成伤害， 此种伤害情形有可能， 甚至常会发生， 如： 使 用一激光投影机 101对着一屏幕 104投影， 而屏幕 104的前的空间却有人走过 致射入人眼； 或激光投影系统 100应用于抬头显示器 （Head-Up-Display, 简称 HUD )上， 如车用抬头显示器、 仪表板（ dashboard )、 橱窗广告（ Ads. Window ) 等， 其将一透明屏幕设在车辆驾驶座前的透明挡风玻璃上， 再使激光投影器所 产生的激光投射至该透明状投影幕上以激发产生所欲的影像画面如各种车体信 号 （如车速） 或其他相连接设定的通信数据 （如来电显示等） ， 供驾驶者在抬 头 （Head-Up )状态即可观察， 但激光投影机与屏幕之间仍可能有小孩因好奇而 介入观看， 或激光穿过透明屏幕而射向位于透明屏幕的背侧的人眼。 一激光射 入人眼是否造成伤害已有相关的激光安全规范， 如美国激光安全协会定义的人 眼安全规范， 吾人亦可基于美国激光安全协会定义的人眼安全规范以推算得出 一激光投影机的激光安全距离或推算得出一安全光功率值。 一般而言， 一激光 投影系统是否符合激光安全规范， 乃决定于其所投射的激光光的波长、 最大光 功率及激光投影机与人眼之间的距离； 投射距离越大， 激光光束进入人眼的光 能量越小， 越不会伤害人眼； 反之， 当投射距离小于激光安全距离时， 越会伤 害人眼。 ·
因此， 当任一物体如人体或人眼介入激光投影机与屏幕之间， 即介入激光 投影范围内时， 该激光投影系统应能自动减弱或关闭激光成像光功率， 以避免 对人眼造成伤害而达成人眼安全的保护效果， 乃目前相关业界亟待解决的课题。 发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 该激 光投影系统包含一激光投影机用以根据静态画面或动态画面的影像信号以产生 激光成像光并由出光口投射至一屏幕上以形成影像画面， 该人眼安全保护系统 利用至少一检测元件设于激光投影机的同一侧， 用以检测并取得一事件影响数 据， 该事件影响数据由于一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间致阻碍该成像 光的投射路径所对应产生的相关数据； 并利用至少一控制元件电性连接至该激 光投影机， 该控制元件设有至少一比对判断机制并可设定一人眼安全保护的启 动标准数据， 用以根据该检测元件所提供的事件影响数据以与该设定的启动标 准数据进行比对判断； 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该检测元件所提供的事件 影响数据与该启动标准数据不同或其差异达到一定比例时， 即凭借该控制元件 控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭激光成像光功率， 以避免对人眼造成伤害而达 成人眼安全的保护效果。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其利用 一影像撷取装置作为检测元件用以撷取当一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之 间导致屏幕上遭物体阻碍后的影像并当作该事件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以 由该激光投影机取得的当时成像光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕上原应形成的影像 供当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该屏幕上 遭物体阻碍后的影像不同于当时该屏幕上原应形成的影像或其间的差异达到一 定比例 （程度） 时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像 光功率。 本发明另一目的在于提供一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其利用 一镜头焦距设定在该屏幕位置的影像撷取装置以作为检测元件， 用以撷取当一 物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间导致屏幕上遭物体阻碍的影像以当作该事 件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以由该激光投影机取得的当时成像光未遭物体阻 碍而在该屏幕上原应形成的影像当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该 控制元件比对判断该屏幕上遭物体阻碍后导致影像上在物体阻碍位置所产生不 同景深的影像不同于当时该屏幕上原应形成的影像或其间的差异达到一定比例 时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其利用 一 LED光源及一光感测元件作为检测元件，其中该 LED光源用以发射一波长光 以投射至该屏幕， 该光感测元件用以量测当一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕 之间导致该 LED波长光在投射路径中受该物体阻碍而返回的能量以当作该事件 影响数据， 其中该控制元件以该 LED光源的波长光在投射路径中未受物体阻碍 而返回的能量以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对及 判断该 LED波长光受该物体阻碍而返回的能量不同于该 LED波长光未受物体阻 碍而返回的能量或其间的差异达到一定比例时 该控制元件即控制该激光投影 机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其利用 一激光光源及一光感测元件作为检测元件， 其中该激光光源用以发射扫描激光 以投射至该屏幕上， 该光感测元件用以量测当一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏 幕之间导致该扫描激光在投射路径中受该物体阻碍而返回的时间以当作该事件 影响数据， 其中该控制元件以该激光光源的扫描激光在投射路径中未受物体阻 碍而返回的时间以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对 及判断该扫描激光受该物体阻碍而返回的时间即事件影响数据， 小于该扫描激 光未受物体阻碍而返回的时间即启动标准数据， 或其差异达到一定比例时， 该 控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
, 本发明另一目的在于提供一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其中当 该屏幕为荧光薄膜时， 该激光投影机的激光成像光投射至该荧光薄膜屏幕上以 激发产生受激发光并形成影像， 其中该检测元件为一光感测元件用以量测当一 物体介入该激光投影机与该荧光薄膜屏幕之间导致该荧光薄膜屏幕上受该物体 阻碍后相对减少的受激发光的能量以当作该事件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以 当时该激光成像光投射至该荧光薄膜屏幕上且未受物体阻碍的受激发光的能量 以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据， 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该受该物 体阻碍后相对减少的受激发光的能量， 即事件影响数据， 小于该荧光薄膜屏幕 上未受物体阻碍的受激发光的能量即启动标准数据或其间的差异达到一定比例 时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
本发明另一目的在于提供一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其利用 一超音波发射源及一光感测元件作为检测元件， 其中该超音波发射源用以发射 超音波以投射至该屏幕上， 该光感测元件用以量测当一物体介入该激光投影机 与该屏幕之间导致该超音波在投射路程中受该物体阻碍而返回的时间以当作该 事件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以该超音波发射源的超音波在投射路程中未受 物体阻碍而返回的时间以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据， 其中当该控制元 件比对及判断该超音波受该物体阻碍而返回的时间， 即事件影响数据， 小于该 超音波未受物体阻碍而返回的时间即启动标准数据或其间的差异达到一定比例 时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。 附图说明
图 1为现有一激光投影系统的架构示意图；
图 2 为本发明人眼安全保护系统应用于一激光投影系统中的基本架构示意 图； '
图 3为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 1实施例架构示意图；
图 3A为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 1实施例架构中屏幕上受物体阻碍后 的影像画面进行影像处理以修正并耦合于原应形成的影像画面的像框大小及形 状的示意图；
图 4为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 2实施例架构示意图；
图 5为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 3实施例架构示意图；
图 6为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 4实施例架构示意图；
图 7为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 5实施例架构示意图；
图 7A为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 5 实施例一共光路型态的架构示意 图；
图 8为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 6实施例架构示意图；
图 9为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 Ί实施例架构示意图； 图 10为本发明人眼安全保护系统的第 8实施例架构示意图； 图 1 1 为图 10所示实施例中不可见光结构光幕一实施例 （红外线网状条紋 光幕） 示意图；
图 12为图 1 1 所示的不可见光结构光幕遭一物体阻碍后在阻碍位置产生结 构光变形的示意图；
图 13为图 10所示实施例中不可见光（ invisible light )结构光与激光成像光 共光路型态的架构示意图；
图 14为图 1 1 所示的不可见光结构光幕产生全面的渐进的或平滑的结构光 变形的示意图。
附图标记说明： 100-激光投影系统； 101-激光投影机； 102、 102a-激光成像 光； 103-出光口； 104-屏幕； 104a-荧光薄膜式屏幕； 105、 105a-影像画面； 106- 激光投射范围； 107-阻碍位置影像； 200、 200a~200h-人眼安全保护系统； 201、 201a~201h-检测元件； 202、 202a〜202h-控制元件； 204-LED 光源； 205-光感测 元件； 206-激光光源； 206a-扫描激光； 207-光感测元件； 208-光感测元件； 209- 超音波发射源； 209a-超音波； 210-光感测元件； 21 1-不可见光激光光源； 21 1a- 不可见光结构光； 212-影像撷取装置； 213、 213a-不可见光结构光幕； 300-物体； 301 -阻碍位置。 具体实施方式
本发明的人眼安全保护系统应用于一激光投影系统 100 中， 该激光投影系 统 100如图 1所示包含一激光投影机 101用以产生激光成像光 102并由出光口 103投射至一屏幕 104上以形成影像画面 105。
参考图 2所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统 200应用于一激光投影系 统 100中的基本架构。本发明的人眼安全保护系统 200利用至少一检测元件 201 设于激光投影机 101 的同一侧， 即屏幕 104的相对侧， 用以检测并取得一事件 影响数据， 该事件影响数据由于一物体 300， 在此包含人体、 人眼等物， 介入该 激光投影机 101 与该屏幕 104之间导致部分激光成像光 102的投射路径受到阻 碍的影响后所对应产生的相关数据； 并再利用至少一控制元件 202 以电性连接 至该激光投影机 101 , 且当该检测元件 201检测并取得一事件影响数据时， 即同 时提供至该控制元件 202; 其中该控制元件 202设具至少一比对判断机制， 并可 自行设定一人眼安全保护的启动标准数据， 且该启动标准数据对应配合于该检 测元件 201 及其所检测并取得的事件影响数据供可配合该事件影响数据的数据 型态以进行比对； 因此， 该控制元件 202可根据该检测元件 201 所提供的事件 影响数据以与该设定的启动标准数据进行比对及判断； 其中， 当该控制元件 202 比对判断该检测元件 201 所提供的事件影响数据与该启动标准数据不同或二者 间的差异达到一定比例或程度时，即凭借该控制元件 202控制该激光投影机 101 以减弱或关闭激光成像光 102 的光功率， 以避免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果。
关于该事件影响数据的定义， 再以图 2为例说明： 若物体 300未介入并阻 碍该激光成像光 102的投射路径， 则当时的激光成像光 102应可在屏幕 104形 成一预定的影像画面 105， 其中该影像画面 105 基本上是可凭借该激光投影机 101原形成的激光成像光 102得知； 当有物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏 幕 104之间而阻碍部分激光成像光 102的投射路径而无法投射至屏幕 104上， 导致原应形成的影像画面 105上缺少一该物体 300所对应的阻碍位置影像 107 , 因此当时检测元件 201 所检测取得的数据， 即本发明所称的事件影响数据， 即 该缺少一阻碍位置影像 107的影像画面 105a, 就会与当时原应形成的影像画面 105不同。本发明即是利用该控制元件 202所具有的比对判断机制来比对判断该 检测元件 201所提供的事件影响数据 （如上述受阻碍后的影像画面 105a ) 与该 启动标准数据（如上述未受阻碍的影像画面 105 )是否不同或二者间的差异达到 一定比例 （程度） 时， 该控制元件 202 就会自动启动以控制该激光投影机 101 以减弱或关闭激光成像光 102 的光功率， 以避免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果。 又本发明所使用的检测元件 201 可为各种不同型 态， 因此该事件影响数据及该启动标准数据亦随着改变其数据的形成型态 （容 后配合各实施例再述） 。
兹通过以下各实施例， 分别进一步说明本发明的人眼安全保护系统 200中， 检测元件 201及其所检测取得的事件影响数据， 以及该控制元件 202及其所设 定的启动标准数据之间的连接关系及各种不同的使用型态：
〈第 1实施例〉
参考图 3所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 1实施例架构示意图。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200a中， 该检测元件 201为一影像撷取装置 201 a 如一摄影镜头， 用以撷取当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之 间导致部分激光成像光 102a的投射路径受到阻碍影响后所对应产生的影像画面 105a以当作该事件影响数据，该影像画面 105a相对于该原应形成的影像画面 105 而言即缺少一阻碍位置影像 107; 其中该控制元件 202a ( 202 ) 以由该激光投影 机 101取得的当时激光成像光 102未遭物体 300阻碍影响而在该屏幕 104上原 应形成的影像画面 105 以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元 件 202a比对并判断该屏幕 104上遭物体 300阻碍影响后的影像画面 105a不同于 当时该屏幕上原应形成的影像画面 105 或二者间的差异达到一定比例 （程度） 时，如该控制元件 202a比对并判断该影像画面 105a确实不同于该影像画面 105 , 且影像画面 105a、 105二者间至少存在一阻碍位置影像 107的差异性； 则控制 元件 202a即控制该激光投影机 101以减弱或关闭该激光成像光 102的光功率， 以避免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果。
该影像撷取装置 201a设于该激光投影机 101 的同一侧并以靠近该激光投 影机 101的激光成像光 102的出光口 103为佳， 以使影像撷取装置 201a所撷取 自该屏幕 104上影像画面 105a能尽量耦合于该由该激光投影机 101取得的原应 形成的影像画面 105， 以利于该控制元件 202a进行比对判断。 又该影像撷取装 置 201a的影像撷取范围或辨识范围涵盖激光投影机 101的最大投射范围 如锥形的激光投射范围 106或影像画面 105的最大范围， 以确保激光投影机 101的激光投射范围 106内的任何介入物体 300 皆能被检测到。
当本发明的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统 200a应用于车用抬头显示器 ( HUD ) 时， 该屏幕 104利用一透明屏幕如一薄膜贴设在车辆驾驶座前的透明 挡风玻璃上， 而因车辆的前挡风玻璃的外形如形状及弧度会直接影响该影像画 面 105投影在该屏幕 104上的形状， 即该影像画面 105的像框 （frame ) 大小及 形状会随着该屏幕 104的外形而产生变形 （distortion )如图 3A中实线所示的扇 形影像画面 105a， 因此本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200a中， 该控制元件 202a 更设具一影像辨识系统 203 ,用以对当时该屏幕 104上受物体 300阻碍后的影像 画面 105a进行影像处理， 以使该屏幕 104上的影像画面 105a的像框 （ frame ) 大小及形状能进一步修正并耦合于当时激光成像光 102 未遭物体阻碍影响而在 该屏幕 104上原应形成的影像画面 105的像框大小及形状如图 3A中点线所示的 矩形影像画面 105 ,也就是将随着该屏幕 104的外形弧度而产生变形的变形后影 像画面 （ 105a ) 先还原成变形前影像画面 105a的像框大小及形状， 以利于该控 制元件 202a能进行较有效的比对及判断。
当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101 与该屏幕 104之间导致该受到阻碍影 响后的影像画面 105a相对于该原应形成的影像画面 105 缺少一阻碍位置影像 107 , 此时该阻碍位置影像 107可能投影显现在物体 300上如图 3所示， 并由影 像撷取装置 201 a撷取而并存于该影像画面 105a中， 但纵然该影像画面 105a并 存有撷取自投影显现在物体 300上的阻碍位置影像 107 ,但因物体 300上的阻碍 位置影像 （ 107 ) 与屏幕 104上的影像画面 105a不在同一平面上， 因此该影像 撷取装置 201 a所撷取的影像画面 105a上阻碍位置影像 107的影像的边界线条 ( boundary 1 ine )必然与成像光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕上原应形成的影像画面 105不同， 尤其影像撷取装置 201a所撷取的影像画面 105a上阻碍位置影像 107 的影像的边界线条会与外周缘影像的边界线条产生断差的现象。 因此本实施例 的人眼安全保护系统 200a中， 该控制元件 202a进一步可设具一影像辨识系统 203a, 用以对该受物体阻碍后的影像画面 105a进行影像处理， 以使该影像画面 105a的边界线条（ boundary line )能耦合于未受物体阻碍而在该屏幕上原应形成 的影像画面 105的边界线条， 以利于该控制元件 202能进行较有效的比对及判 断， 也就是对该影像画面 105a的边界线条先进行影像处理， 以使其边界线条或 其连接状态能较清晰易辨， 以供该控制元件 202a能较容易进行比对及判断。
又本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200a中，该控制元件 202a更设具一影像辨 识系统 203b , 用以对该受物体阻碍影响后的影像画面 105a进行影像处理， 以辨 识影像画面 105a的阻碍位置影像 107是否重迭 （overlap ) 并遮盖、 变形或位移 该屏幕上原应形成的影像画面 105的对应位置影像， 以利于该控制元件 202a能 进行较有效的比对及判断。
〈第 1实施例〉
参考图 4所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 2实施例架构示意图。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200b大致相同于第 1实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200a, 其不同点在于： 该检测元件 201b为一镜头焦距设定在该屏幕 104位置的 影像撷取装置， 即该检测元件（影像撷取装置） 201b所撷取的影像画面 105a的 景深设定在该屏幕 104位置或局限在一小段距离的范围内如图 4中 D所示的设 定景深范围， 因此该影像撷取装置 201b所撷取的影像画面 105a只有显示在该 屏幕 104 的影像画面才能具有该影像撷取装置 201b 所设定且足以辨识的清晰 度。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200b利用该特定的影像撷取装置 201b以撷 取当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101 与该屏幕 104之间导致部分激光成像光 102的投射路径受到阻碍影响后所对应产生的影像画面 105a并当作该事件影响 数据， 其中该控制元件 202b以由该激光投影机 101取得的当时成像光未受物体 300阻碍影响而在该屏幕 104上原应形成的影像画面 105当作人眼安全保护的启 动标准数据。 该影像画面 105a相对于该原应形成的影像画面 105而言缺少一阻 碍位置影像 107 ,纵然该阻碍位置影像 107可能投影显现在物体 300上并由影像 撷取装置 201 a撷取而并存在该影像画面 105a中， 但该影像画面 105a的阻碍位 置影像 107因离开该屏幕 104—段距离而形成不同的景深，致使该影像画面 105a 上所出现的阻碍位置影像 107在影像清晰度上明显不同于撷取自该屏幕 104上 的影像画面 105a， 也就是撷取自该屏幕 104上的影像画面 105a与该阻碍位置影 像 107之间在影像清晰度上会有明显的落差， 因此凭借该控制元件 202b的比对 判断机制即可比对并判断该阻碍位置影像 107 的清晰度不同于当时该屏幕上原 应形成的影像画面 105 上所对应的阻碍位置影像， 或二者间的差异经辨识后已 达到一定比例或程度时， 该控制元件 202b即控制该激光投影机 101以减弱或关 闭该激光成像光功率， 以避免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的 保护效果。
〈第 3实施例〉
参考图 5所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 3实施例架构示意图。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200c大致相同于第 1、 2 实施例的人眼安全保护 系统 200a、 200b , 其不同点在于： 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200c中， 所使 用的检测元件 201 c为一影像撷取装置如一摄影镜头， 用以撷取当一物体 300介 入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间导致部分激光成像光 102a的投射路径受 到阻碍影响后所对应产生的影像画面 105a以当作该事件影响数据； 而所使用的 控制元件 202c能才艮据该影像画面 105a上所出现的阻碍位置影像 107进一步比对 并判断该阻碍位置影像 107的出现位置， 以进一步控制该激光投影机 101 减弱 或关闭投射至该阻碍位置影像 107的对应位置处的激光成像光 102a的光功率。 以图 5为例说明， 当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间且随 时有位移产生时但不限制， 如一人在该屏幕 104 的前移动， 则通过本实施例的 人眼安全保护系统 200c的使用功效， 只要该激光投影机 101射出的激光成像光 102行将投射至或进入该阻碍位置影像 107的对应位置的范围内，凭借该控制元 件 202c的控制即可减弱或关闭投射至该阻碍位置影像 107的对应位置范围内部 分激光成像光 102a的光功率，如图 5中所示的激光成像光 102a即已减弱或关闭， 以避免该部分激光成像光 102a射入人眼， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果； 但非在 该阻碍位置影像 107的对应位置范围内的激光成像光 102仍然投射至该移动中 物体 300所造成阻碍位置影像 107 区域以外的屏幕 104上以形成影像画面供人 观看。 换言之， 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200c 利用该影像撷取装置 201c 以撷取当物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间时的影像画面 105a, 再凭借该控制元件 202c比对并判断该物体 300 (即阻碍位置影像 107 ) 的相对 位置， 以使当激光成像光 102a将进入该物体 300的区域范围内时就直接控制该 激光投影机 101以减弱或关闭投射至该物体 300 (即阻碍位置影像 107 ) 的激光 成像光 102a的光功率。
〈第 4实施例〉
参考图 6所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 4实施例架构示意图。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200d中，该检测元件 201d包含：一 LED光源 204 , 用以发射一波长光并投射至该屏幕； 及一光感测元件 205 , 用以量测当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间导致该 LED波长光在投射路径中 部分 LED波长光受该物体阻碍影响而由屏幕 104返回的能量并当作该事件影响 数据， 其中该控制元件 202d以该 LED光源 204的波长光在投射路径中未受物 体阻碍而由屏幕 104 返回的能量以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据， 即该启 动标准数据可事前量测取得而先予设定。 由于当一物体 300 介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间时， 将影响该 LED波长光投射至该屏幕 104并返回且由 光感测元件 205量测得知的总能量， 即该事件影响数据， 会不同于该 LED光源 204的波长光在投射路径中未受物体阻碍而由屏幕 104返回的能量，即可事先设 定的启动标准数据； 因此， 当该控制元件比对判断该 LED波长光受该物体 300 阻碍而返回的能量， 即事件影响数据， 不同于该 LED波长光未受物体 300阻碍 而返回的能量即启动标准数据， 或二者间的差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件 202d即控制该激光投影机 101 以减弱或关闭该激光成像光 102的光功率， 以避 免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果。
〈第 5实施例〉
参考图 7所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 5实施例架构示意图。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200e中， 该检测元件 201e包含： 一激光源 206， 用以发射扫描激光 206a以投射至该屏幕 104上； 及一光感测元件 207， 用以量 测当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间导致部分该扫描激光 206a的投射路径受该物体 300阻碍而返回的时间， 并当作该事件影响数据； 其
) 0 中该控制元件 202e以该激光光源 206的扫描激光 206a在投射路径中未受物体 300阻碍而投射至该屏幕 104并返回的时间，以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数 据。 由于激光光源 206至该屏幕 104之间为一可预知的距离， 因此该激光光源 206的扫描激光 206a在投射路径中未受物体 300阻碍而投射至该屏幕 104并返 回的时间， 即启动标准数据， 可事前量测取得并先予设定。 又当一物体 300 介 入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间时， 将使扫描激光 206a投射至物体 300 上并返回且由光感测元件 207 量测得知的时间， 即该事件影响数据， 会不同于 该激光光源 206的扫描激光 206a在投射路径中未受物体 300阻碍而由屏幕 104 返回的时间， 即已事先设定的启动标准数据， 也就是作为该事件影响数据的时 间会小于作为该启动标准数据的时间。 因此， 当该控制元件 202e比对判断该扫 描激光 206a受该物体 300阻碍而返回的时间 （即事件影响数据 ) 小于该扫描激 光未受物体阻碍而返回的时间 （即启动标准数据） 或其差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件 202e即控制该激光投影机 101以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率， 以 避免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果。
参考图 7及图 7A所示， 该检测元件 201e的激光光源 206设在激光投影机
101 内， 并使该激光光源 206所发射的扫描激光 206a得与该激光投影机 101 出 光口 103射出的激光成像光 102形成共光路型态，如图 7A所示其用以说明其中 一共光路型态的架构但不限制。 因此， 该激光光源 206所发射的扫描激光 206a 能与激光成像光 102 由该激光投影机 101 的出光口 103 同步投射至该屏幕 104 上。 又当该扫描激光 206a能与激光成像光 102形成共光路型态以由出光口 103 同步投射至该屏幕 104上时， 该激光光源 206所发射的扫描激光 206a涵盖激 光投影机 101的最大投射范围如锥形的激光投射范围 106或影像画面 105的 最大范围， 故能确保激光投影机 101的激光投射范围 106内的任何介入物 体 300 皆能被检测到。
再参考图 7A所示， 该光感测元件 207也可设在激光投影机 101 内， 并通过 该激光投影机 101 的出光口 103以接收返回的扫描激光 206a; 其中， 可利用至 少一分光器（ BS , Beam Splitter )或波长选择器（ WS , Wavelength Selective device ) 配合排列在该出光口 103的后， 如图 7A所示设一分光器（BS )在该出光口 103 的后但不限制， 使该扫描激光 206a不论是否受该物体 300阻碍而返回时皆可由 该出光口 103进入并再经由该多个分光器（BS )或波长选择器 （ WS ) 而再投射 至该光感测元件 207上， 供可凭借该光感测元件 207量测该扫描激光 206a返回 π 的时间。
<第 6实施例〉
参考图 8所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 6实施例架构示意图。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200f应用于一激光投影系统 100且其屏幕 104为 荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a , 其中该激光投影机 101 的激光成像光 102投射至该荧光 薄膜式屏幕 104a上以激发产生受激发光而形成影像画面 105。 本实施例的人眼 安全保护系统 200f中， 该检测元件 201 f为一光感测元件 208 , 用以量测当一物 体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a之间导致该荧光薄膜式 屏幕 104a上受该物体 300阻碍而相对减少受激发光的影像画面 105a的能量，并 用以当作该事件影响数据； 由于部分激光成像光 102a受该物体 300阻碍而无法 投射至荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上，因此该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上受激发产生的受 激发光的能量， 即受该物体 300阻碍后所形成的影像画面 105a的能量， 将会相 对减少； 其中该控制元件 202f以当时该激光成像光 102未受物体 300阻碍而可 投射至该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上所产生的受激发光的能量 （即原应形成的影像 画面 105的能量） 当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 当该控制元件 202f比对 判断该受该物体 300 阻碍后相对减少的受激发光的能量 （即事件影响数据） 小 于该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上未受物体 300阻碍的受激发光的能量（即启动标准 数据 ) 或二者间的差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件 202f即控制该激光投影机 101以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率， 以避免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达 成人眼安全的保护效果。
本实施例中该激光投影机 101 的激光成像光 102投射至该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上以激发产生受激发光而形成影像画面 105/105a,其中该影像画面 105/105a 由以一定频率形成的多个连续的影像像框 （frame ) 所构成， 如相邻两影像像框 ( frame ) 的时间差小于人眼视觉暂留时间即可构成动态画面； 但荧光薄膜式屏 幕 104a上所形成的各影像像框 （frame ) 的能量可能随该影像画面 105/105a的 不同而各具有不同的能量， 因此以每一影像像框 （ frame ) 的能量值作为该控制 元件 202f比对判断的基准， 恐会增加该检测元件 201f即光感测元件 208在量测 该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上受激发光所形成影像画面 105a的能量的困难度。因此， 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200f中， 该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上受该物体 300 阻碍而相对减少受激发光的影像画面 105a的能量 （即事件影响数据）及当时该 激光成像光 102未受物体阻碍而投射至该荧光薄膜式屏幕 104a上原应形成的影 像画面 105的能量（即启动标准数据）， 以一段时间包含多个影像像框（ frame ) 的能量的平均值为比对判断用的能量的基准值， 也就是可以一个影像像框 ( frame ) 的能量但最佳是多个影像像框的平均能量作为比对用的基准能量， 以 增进该光感测元件 208及该控制元件 202f的工作效率。以一个影像像框（ frame ) 的能量或多个影像像框的平均能量为比对用的基准能量。
〈第 7实施例〉
参考图 9所示， 其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 7实施例架构示意图。 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200g中， 该检测元件 201 g 包含： 一超音波发射 源 209用以发射超音波 209a以投射至该屏幕 104上； 及一光感测元件 210用以 量测当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间导致部分超音波 209a 的投射路径受该物体 300 阻碍而返回的时间， 并当作该事件影响数据； 其中该 控制元件 202g以该超音波发射源 209所发射的超音波 209a在投射路径中未受 物体 300 阻碍而投射至该屏幕 104并返回的时间， 以当作人眼安全保护的启动 标准数据。 由于超音波发射源 209至该屏幕 104之间为一可预知的距离， 因此 该超音波发射源 209所发射的超音波 209a在投射路径中未受物体 300阻碍而投 射至该屏幕 104并返回的时间， 即启动标准数据， 可事前量测取得并先予设定。 又当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间时， 将使超音波 209a 的投射路径受物体 300 阻碍而返回且由光感测元件 210量测得知的时间， 即该 事件影响数据， 会不同于该超音波发射源 209所发射的超音波 209a在投射路径 中未受物体 300 阻碍而投射至该屏幕 104并返回的时间， 即已事先设定的启动 标准数据； 也就是作为该事件影响数据的时间会小于作为该启动标准数据的时 间。 因此， 当该控制元件 202g比对判断该超音波 209a受该物体 300阻碍而返 回的时间（即事件影响数据）小于该超音波 209a未受物体阻碍而返回的时间（即 启动标准数据）或其差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件 202g即控制该激光投影 机 101 以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率， 以避免射入人眼或对人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果。
另夕卜， 上述的第 5及第 7实施例中， 该光感测元件 207/210用以量测当一物 体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏幕 104之间导致部分该扫描激光 206a/超音 波 209a的投射路径受该物体 300阻碍而返回的时间并当作该事件影响数据， 而 该控制元件 202e/202g 以该扫描激光 206a/超音波 209a在投射路径中未受物体 300阻碍而投射至该屏幕 104并返回的时间当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 而由于在使用时该激光投影机 101 与该屏幕 104之间的距离一般是固定的， 故 该扫描激光 206a/超音波 209a投射至该屏幕 104并返回的时间也相对是固定的， 因此可在使用的前先测定一时间值以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据。
〈第 8实施例〉
参考图 10所示，其为本发明的人眼安全保护系统的第 8实施例架构示意图。 本实施例利用结构光 （ structured light ) 的感测技术， 本实施例的人眼安全保护 系统 200h中， 该检测元件 201h包含一不可见光激光光源 21 1及一影像撷取装 置 212。 该不可见光激光光源 21 1用以发射一定模式的不可见光（ invisible light ) 结构光 21 1a， 如红外线 （IR ) 网状条纹光但不限制， 投射至该屏幕 104上以构 成一不可见光结构光幕 213如一红外线 （IR ) 网状条纹光幕如图 1 1所示。
该影像撷取装置 212可为一 4轰影镜头如 CCD(电荷耦合元件， charge coupled Device )但不限制， 用以撷取该屏幕 104上的不可见光结构光幕 213的影像， 且 该影像撷取装置 212以设在接近该激光投影机 101的出光口 103为佳但不限制； 而由于该激光投影机 101 的激光成像光 102投射至屏幕 104上所形成的影像画 面 105为可见光， 因此该影像撷取装置 212只能撷取该屏幕 104上的不可见光 结构光幕 213的影像， 并不会撷取由可见光构成的影像画面 105 , 故不受影像画 面 105的干扰。
当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101 与该屏幕 104之间而导致部分不可见 光结构光 21 la的投射路径受到阻碍， 此时即会对应产生一受物体 300阻碍后的 不可见光结构光幕 213a如图 12所示， 此时该不可见光结构光幕 213a的影像即 当作本发明所称的事件影响数据； 该不可见光结构光幕 213a如图 12所示相对 于未受到阻碍的原应形成的不可见光结构光幕 213如图 1 1所示而言， 因为该侵 入的物体 300的凹凸表面， 该不可见光 （invisible light ) 结构光 21 1a会在该物 体 300的阻碍位置 301局部因应产生明显的结构光变形如图 12所示。
本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200h中， 该控制元件 202h ( 202 ) 以该不可 见光结构光 211 a未遭物体 300阻碍而在该屏幕 104上原应形成的不可见光结构 光幕 213 当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据， 而且该不可见光结构光幕 213凭 借该影像撷取装置 212撷取并设定当作启动标准数据。 当该控制元件 202h比对 并判断该屏幕 104上遭物体 300阻碍后的不可见光结构光幕 213a的影像不同于 当时该屏幕 104上原应形成的不可见光结构光幕 213 的影像或二者 213、 213a 之间的差异达到一定比例 （程度） 时， 如该控制元件 202h比对并判断该遭物体 300阻碍后的不可见光结构光幕 213a的影像确实不同于该原应形成的不可见光 结构光幕 213 , 且不可见光结构光幕 213、 213a二者间至少存在该阻碍位置 301 因局部结构光变形而产生的差异性如图 12 所示； 则控制元件 202h即控制该激 光投影机 101 以减弱或关闭该激光成像光 102的光功率， 以避免射入人眼或对 人眼造成伤害， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果。
又相对于不可见光结构光幕 213 而言， 该影像撷取装置 212的设立位置为 预先设定， 如设在接近该激光投影机 101的出光口 103 , 即该影像撷取装置 212 所撷取的不可见光结构光幕 213 的影像可预先设定， 因此以目前的结构光量测 技术而言， 该屏幕 104上遭物体 300阻碍后的不可见光结构光幕 213a的影像及 当时该屏幕 104上原应形成的不可见光结构光幕 213 的影像可通过光学影像处 理而设定并建立在同一基准上， 以供该控制元件 202h易于进行比对及判断。
参考图 10及图 13所示， 本实施例中该检测元件 201h的不可见光激光光源 211设在激光投影机 101 内，并使该不可见光激光光源 21 1通过控制如激光信号 调变模块以发射一定模式的不可见光（ invisible light )结构光 21 1 a ,如红外线（ IR ) 网状条纹光但不限制， 投射至该屏幕 104上以构成一不可见光结构光幕 213如 一红外线 （IR ) 网状条纹光幕如图 1 1所示， 进而使该不可见光激光光源 21 1所 发射的不可见光结构光 211a得与该激光投影机 101 出光口 103射出的激光成像 光 102形成共光路型态如图 13所示； 图 13用以说明其中一共光路型态的架构 但不限制， 其可利用至少一分光器 （BS , Beam Splitter ) 或波长选择器 （WS , Wavelength Selective device ) 配合排列在该出光口 103之后， 如图 13所示设一 分光器 （BS ) 在该出光口 103 的后但不限制， 因此， 该不可见光激光光源 21 1 所发射的不可见光结构光 21 1a能与激光成像光 102由该激光投影机 101的出光 口 103同步投射至该屏幕 104上。 又当该不可见光结构光 21 1a能与激光成像光 102形成共光路型态以由出光口 103 同步投射至该屏幕 104上时， 该不可见光 激光光源 21 1所发射的不可见光结构光 211a涵盖激光投影机 101的最大投射 范围如锥形的激光投射范围 106或影像画面 105的最大范围， 故能确保激 光投影机 101的激光投射范围 106内的任何介入物体 300 皆能被检测到。
又以本实施例的实际使用情况而论， 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200h中 该不可见光结构光 21 1a未遭物体 300阻碍而在该屏幕 104上原应形成的不可见 光结构光幕 213仍可能会随着该屏幕 104的所在位置的不同或改变而产生变形， 例如： 本实施例被应用于车用抬头显示器 （HUD ) 时如第 1 实施例及图 3、 3A 所示， 该屏幕 104 设在车辆的弯弧状前挡风玻璃上， 因而该不可见光结构光幕 213 也会随着该前挡风玻璃的弯弧状而产生全面的渐进的或平滑的变形如图 14 所示； 或者该激光投影机 101 以一稍平整但有弯弧的墙面当作投射用屏幕 104 或是在使用中移动投射角度如由垂直的正向投射改变成非垂直的斜向投射， 则 该不可见光结构光幕 213也会随着该投射用屏幕 104的弯弧状或不同的投射角 度而产生全面的渐进的或平滑的变形如图 14所示； 然而， 因遭具有立体凹凸表 面的物体 300阻碍而在该物体 300的阻碍位置 301 处所因应产生的结构光变形 如图 12所示一般是较为突出而明显的， 即在该阻碍位置 301处一般会产生局部 的非渐进的或非平滑的结构光变形， 而此种局部的非渐进的或非平滑的结构光 变形相较于前述的全面的渐进的或平滑的结构光变形如图 14所示， 是明显而易 于比对及判断的。 因此， 本实施例于实际使用时， 可通过该影像撷取装置 212 以撷取该屏幕 104上的不可见光结构光幕 213 的影像以当作本实施例的启动标 准数据， 而且当该影像撷取装置 212所撷取的不可见光结构光幕 213 的影像已 随着该屏幕 104 的所在位置的不同或改变而产生全面的渐进的或平滑的结构光 变形时， 依然是用以当作本实施例的启动标准数据， 也就是该影像撷取装置 212 随时所撷取的不可见光结构光幕 213 的影像， 只要未产生局部的非渐进的或非 平滑的结构光变形， 即可随时当作本实施例的更新的（ updated )启动标准数据， 使该控制元件 202h ( 202 ) 能利用该影像撷取装置 212所取得更新的 （ updated ) 启动标准数据以进行比对及判断。
再参考图 10- 13所示， 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200h中， 由于遭物体
300阻碍后的前、 后两个不可见光结构光幕 213、 213a的影像可通过光学影像处 理而设定并建立在同一基准上以供该控制元件 202h能进行比对及判断， 因此本 实施例的该控制元件 202h进一步可根据该两个不可见光结构光幕 213、 213a的 比对及判断以检知该阻碍位置 301 的坐标位置或范围， 以进一步控制该激光投 影机 101 减弱或关闭投射至该阻碍位置 301 的对应位置或范围的激光成像光 102a的光功率。 以图 10为例说明， 当一物体 300介入该激光投影机 101与该屏 幕 104之间且随时有位移产生时但不限制， 如一人在该屏幕 104的前移动， 则 通过本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200h的使用功效， 只要该激光投影机 101射 出的激光成像光 102行将投射至或进入该阻碍位置 301 的对应位置或范围时， 凭借该控制元件 202h的控制即可减弱或关闭投射至该阻碍位置 301的对应位置 或范围内的部分激光成像光 102a 的光功率， 即可避免该部分激光成像光 102a
】6 射入人眼， 而达成人眼安全的保护效果； 但非在该阻碍位置 301 的对应位置或 范围内的激光成像光 102仍然投射至该阻碍位置 301 以外的屏幕 104上以形成 影像画面供人观看。 换言之， 本实施例的人眼安全保护系统 200h进一步可利用 该检测元件 201h的影像撷取装置 212以撷取当物体 300介入该激光投影机 101 与该屏幕 104之间时的不可见光结构光幕 213a，再凭借该控制元件 202h比对并 判断该物体 300 (即该阻碍位置 301 ) 的相对位置， 以使激光成像光 102a将进 入该物体 300的区域范围内时就直接控制该激光投影机 101 以减弱或关闭投射 至该物体 300 (即阻碍位置 301 ) 的激光成像光 102a的光功率。
另外， 可基于美国激光安全协会定义的人眼安全规范以推算得出一激光投 影机 101 的激光安全距离或推算得出一安全光功率值， 因此上述各实施例中， 该控制元件 202得以控制该激光投影机 101 以使该激光成像光 102的光功率减 弱至符合或不超出该安全光功率值， 。
以上所示仅为本发明的优选实施例， 对本发明而言仅是说明性的， 而非限 制性的。 在本领域普通技术人员理解， 在本发明专利要求所限定的精神和范围 内可对其进行许多改变， 修改， 甚至等效变更， 但都将落入本发明的保护范围 内。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 该激光投影系统包含一激光投 影机， 该激光投影机用以根据静态画面或动态画面的影像信号以产生激光成像 光并由出光口投射至一屏幕上以形成影像， 其特征在于， 该人眼安全保护系统 包含：
至少一检测元件设于激光投影机的同一侧， 用以检测并取得一事件影响数 据， 该事件影响数据由于一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间导致阻碍该激 光成像光投射在该屏幕上以形成影像的投射路径所对应产生的数据， 并将该事 件影响数据提供至一控制元件； 及
至少一控制元件电性连接至该激光投影机， 该控制元件设有至少一比对及 判断机制并设定一人眼安全保护的启动标准数据， 该启动标准数据用以根据该 检测元件所提供的事件影响数据以与该设定的启动标准数据进行比对及判断， 并进一步根据该比对及判断的结果以控制该激光投影机所发射的激光成像光的 功率；
其中， 当该控制元件比对及判断该检测元件所提供的事件影响数据与该启 动标准数据不同或其差异达到一定比例时， 即凭借该控制元件控制该激光投影 机以减弱或关闭激光成像光功率。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该检测元件为一影像撷取装置， 该影像撷取装置用以撷取当一物体介入该激光 投影机与该屏幕之间导致屏幕上遭物体阻碍后的影像并当作该事件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以由该激光投影机取得的当时成像光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕 上原应形成的影像当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对 及判断该屏幕上遭物体阻碍后的影像不同于当时该屏幕上原应形成的影像或其 差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成 像光功率。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该控制元件还设有一影像辨识系统， 该影像辨识系统用以对该屏幕上遭物体阻 碍后的影像进行影像处理， 以使该屏幕上遭物体阻碍后的影像的像框大小及形 状能耦合于当时成像光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕上原应形成的影像的像框大小 及形状， 以供该控制元件进行比对及判断。
4. 如权利要求 2所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， . . 该控制元件还设有一影像辨识系统， 该影像辨识系统用以对该屏幕上遭物体阻 碍后的影像进行影像处理， 以使该屏幕上遭物体阻碍后的影像的边界线条能耦 合于时成像光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕上原应形成的影像的边界线条， 以供该 控制元件进行比对及判断。
5. 如权利要求 2所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该控制元件还设有一影像辨识系统， 该影像辨识系统用以对该屏幕上遭物体阻 碍后的影像进行影像处理， 以辨识该屏幕上遭物体阻碍后的影像的阻碍位置影 像是否重迭并遮盖、 变形或位移该成像光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕上原应形成 的影像的对应位置影像， 以供该控制元件进行比对及判断。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该检测元件为一影像撷取装置且其镜头的影像撷取焦距设定在该屏幕位置， 该 影像撷取装置用以撷取当一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间导致屏幕上遭 物体阻碍的影像以当作该事件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以由该激光投影机取 得的当时成像光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕上原应形成的影像当作人眼安全保护 的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该屏幕上遭物体阻碍后导致影 像上在物体阻碍位置所产生不同景深的影像不同于当时该屏幕上原应形成的影 像或其差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该 激光成像光功率。
7. 如权利要求 2或 6所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在 于， 该控制元件能够进一步比对及判断该成像光因遭物体阻碍而导致在该屏幕 上所形成的物体阻碍对应位置， 以进一步控制该激光投影机减弱或关闭在该物 体阻碍对应位置处的激光成像光功率。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该检测元件包含一 LED光源，该 LED光源用以发射一波长光以投射至该屏幕及 一光感测元件用以量测当一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间导致该 LED波 长光在投射路径中受该物体阻碍而返回的能量以当作该事件影响数据， 其中该 控制元件以该 LED光源的波长光在投射路径中未受物体阻碍而返回的能量以当 作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该 LED波长光 受该物体阻碍而返回的能量， 即事件影响数据， 不同于该 LED波长光未受物体 阻碍而返回的能量即启动标准数据或其差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件即控
】9 制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
9. 如权利要求 1 所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该检测元件包含一激光光源， 该激光光源用以发射扫描激光光以投射至该屏幕 上及一光感测元件用以量测当一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间导致该扫 描激光光在投射路径中受该物体阻碍而返回的时间以当作该事件影响数据， 其 中该控制元件以该激光光源的扫描激光光在投射路径中未受物体阻碍而返回的 时间以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该扫 描激光受该物体阻碍而返回的时间， 即事件影响数据， 小于该扫描激光未受物 体阻碍而返回的时间即启动标准数据或其差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件即 控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该检测元件的激光光源设在激光投影机内且其扫描激光并与该激光投影机的激 光成像光共光路以由该激光投影机的出光口同步投射至该屏幕上。
1 1. 如权利要求 9所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统，其中该检测元 件的光感测元件设在激光投影机内并通过该激光投影机的出光口接收返回的扫 描激光。
12. 如权利要求 1所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 当该屏幕为荧光薄膜时， 该激光投影机的激光成像光系投射至该荧光薄膜屏幕 上以激发产生受激发光并形成影像， 其中该检测元件为一光感测元件用以量测 当一物体介入该激光投影机与该荧光薄膜屏幕之间导致该荧光薄膜屏幕上受该 物体阻碍后相对减少的受激发光的能量以当作该事件影响数据， 其中该控制元 件以当时该激光成像光投射至该荧光薄膜屏幕上且未受物体阻碍的受激发光的 能量以当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该受 该物体阻碍后相对减少的受激发光的能量， 即事件影响数据， 小于该荧光薄膜 屏幕上未受物体阻碍的受激发光的能量即启动标准数据或其差异达到一定比例 时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
13. 如权利要求 12所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统，其特征在于， 该荧光薄膜屏幕上受该物体阻碍后相对减少的受激发光的能量即该事件影响数 据， 及当时该激光成像光投射至该荧光薄膜屏幕上且未受物体阻碍的受激发光 的能量即人眼安全保护的启动标准数据， 以一个影像像框的能量或多个影像像 框的平均能量为比对用的基准能量。
14. 如权利要求 1所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该检测元件包含一超音波发射源用以发射超音波以投射至该屏幕上及一光感测 元件用以量测当一物体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间导致该超音波在投射路 程中受该物体阻碍而返回的时间以当作该事件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以该 超音波发射源的超音波在投射路程中未受物体阻碍而返回的时间以当作人眼安 全保护的启动标准数据， 其中当该控制元件比对及判断该超音波受该物体阻碍 而返回的时间， 即事件影响数据， 小于该超音波未受物体阻碍而返回的时间即 启动标准数据或其差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件即控制该激光投影机以减 弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
15. 如权利要求 1所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统， 其特征在于， 该检测元件包含一不可见光激光光源用以发射一定模式的不可见光结构光并投 射至该屏幕上以构成一不可见光结构光幕， 及一影像撷取装置用以撷取当一物 体介入该激光投影机与该屏幕之间导致该屏幕上遭物体阻碍的对应阻碍位置产 生局部非渐进的或非平滑的结构光变形后的不可见光结构光幕的影像以当作该 事件影响数据， 其中该控制元件以该不可见光结构光未遭物体阻碍而在该屏幕 上原应形成的不可见光结构光幕当作人眼安全保护的启动标准数据； 其中当该 控制元件比对及判断该屏幕上遭物体阻碍后导致在该物体所对应的阻碍位置产 生局部非渐进的或非平滑的结构光变形的不可见光结构光幕的影像不同于当时 该屏幕上原应形成的不可见光结构光幕或其差异达到一定比例时， 该控制元件 即控制该激光投影机以减弱或关闭该激光成像光功率。
16. 如权利要求 15所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统，其特征在于， 进一步凭借该影像撷取装置以撷取该屏幕上的不可见光结构光幕的影像以当作 本实施例的启动标准数据， 其中当该影像撷取装置所撷取的不可见光结构光幕 的影像产生全面的渐进的或平滑的结构光变形时， 该不可见光结构光幕用以当 作启动标准数据。
17. 如权利要求 16所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统，其特征在于， 该影像撷取装置用以随时撷取该不可见光结构光幕的影像， 且当该不可见光结 构光幕的影像未产生局部的非渐进的或非平滑的结构光变形时， 即用以当作一 更新的启动标准数据， 并使该控制元件能利用该影像撷取装置所取得更新的启 动标准数据以进行比对及判断。
18. 如权利要求 15所述的激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统，其特征在于， 该控制元件进一步比对并判断该不可见光结构光因遭物体阻碍而导致在该屏幕 上产生局部非渐进的或非平滑的结构光变形的阻碍位置的坐标位置或范围， 以 进一步控制该激光投影机减弱或关闭在该物体阻碍位置的激光成像光功率。
PCT/CN2011/000428 2011-03-16 2011-03-16 激光投影系统的人眼安全保护系统 WO2012122679A1 (zh)

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