WO2012119463A1 - 变换系数的编码方法、变换系数的解码方法,和装置 - Google Patents

变换系数的编码方法、变换系数的解码方法,和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012119463A1
WO2012119463A1 PCT/CN2011/082597 CN2011082597W WO2012119463A1 WO 2012119463 A1 WO2012119463 A1 WO 2012119463A1 CN 2011082597 W CN2011082597 W CN 2011082597W WO 2012119463 A1 WO2012119463 A1 WO 2012119463A1
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Prior art keywords
transform coefficient
transform coefficients
transform
zero
code stream
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PCT/CN2011/082597
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English (en)
French (fr)
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宋锦
杨名远
王栋
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to KR1020167023745A priority Critical patent/KR101688452B1/ko
Priority to RU2013145307/08A priority patent/RU2565505C2/ru
Priority to JP2013556948A priority patent/JP5881747B2/ja
Priority to EP16196991.0A priority patent/EP3211897B1/en
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to AU2011361374A priority patent/AU2011361374B2/en
Priority to CA2829494A priority patent/CA2829494C/en
Priority to PL16196991T priority patent/PL3211897T3/pl
Priority to KR1020137025250A priority patent/KR101654123B1/ko
Priority to ES11860213.5T priority patent/ES2623202T3/es
Priority to EP11860213.5A priority patent/EP2677750B1/en
Priority to BR112013023141A priority patent/BR112013023141B8/pt
Publication of WO2012119463A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012119463A1/zh
Priority to US14/021,782 priority patent/US9571836B2/en
Priority to AU2015210374A priority patent/AU2015210374B2/en
Priority to US15/391,810 priority patent/US10165305B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/117Filters, e.g. for pre-processing or post-processing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/129Scanning of coding units, e.g. zig-zag scan of transform coefficients or flexible macroblock ordering [FMO]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/132Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/61Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/63Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets
    • H04N19/64Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets characterised by ordering of coefficients or of bits for transmission
    • H04N19/645Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets characterised by ordering of coefficients or of bits for transmission by grouping of coefficients into blocks after the transform
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/85Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
    • H04N19/86Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving reduction of coding artifacts, e.g. of blockiness
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/91Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of video processing technologies, and in particular, to a coding method of a transform coefficient, a decoding method of a transform coefficient, and an apparatus. Background technique
  • entropy coding in video coding technology mainly uses run length coding and arithmetic coding, for example in
  • the H.264 coding standard uses two kinds of entropy coding: Context Adaptive Variable Length Coder (CAVLC) and Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coder (CABAC).
  • CAVLC Context Adaptive Variable Length Coder
  • CABAC Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coder
  • the correlation between the encoded information and the current information to be encoded is specifically: using the encoded information to construct a code table or a probability model of the currently encoded information, which is called context-based entropy coding.
  • CABAC adopts the idea of arithmetic coding, and its coding performance is better than CAVLC, but the corresponding problem also brings about a large increase in complexity.
  • HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding
  • Encoding a non-zero transform coefficient distribution; in this step, the entire transform coefficient block to be encoded is encoded using a preset scan order, also called: large scan mode, for example: large z-shape (zig-zag)
  • a preset scan order also called: large scan mode, for example: large z-shape (zig-zag)
  • the manner of the above-mentioned preset scanning sequence may also be a scanning sequence of a large vertical or a large horizontal mode, and a corresponding scanning sequence of a small vertical or small horizontal mode is used in subsequent sub-block encoding;
  • each frequency point corresponds to a position in a map.
  • the value at the map position is 0; when the frequency point is non-zero, the map is at the position
  • the value is 1 and it is judged whether the current frequency is the last non-zero frequency. If yes, the value of the position is 11 (two 1s, not eleven), if not, then the value of this position is 10 (1 and 0, not ten).
  • the process of encoding the map if 11 appears in the 0, 1 sequence of the map, it is determined that the coding of one transform coefficient block ends.
  • C Encodes the absolute value of coefficeints greater than 1 in sub-block mode, using small zig-zag mode
  • D encodes the sign of non-zero coefficeints in sub-block mode, using small zig-zag mode.
  • the so-called sub-block mode takes 8x8 transform coefficient block as an example: first edit the upper left 4x4, then the upper right 4x4, then the lower left 4x4, and then the lower right 4x4, the above 4x4 transform coefficient block is the 8x8 transform coefficient block.
  • the sub-blocks regarding the scanning order of the large/small zig-zag, as shown in Figs. 1A and 1B, respectively, each small square represents a frequency point, and the numbers in the squares represent the scanning order.
  • the scan rules of the scan order of the large/small zig-zag are the same, except that the scan objects are different, so that the entire map of the transform coefficients, the significance map in step A, and the absolute value of the coded transform coefficients in steps B ⁇ D are obtained.
  • level the process of encoding the sign of a non-zero transform coefficient is different from the scan order. Because the scanning sequence is different, in the process of performing step A and performing B ⁇ D encoding, the data needs to be read once, and the decoding end needs to perform two kinds of table checking methods corresponding to the two sequences, resulting in high codec efficiency overhead. low efficiency.
  • step A if the transform coefficient block is relatively large, usually called a large transform unit, for example, the 32x32 significance map will be relatively large, so the burden of encoding a large significance map in the hardware design is large. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a coding method of transform coefficients, a decoding method of transform coefficients, and a device, which reduce coding and decoding overhead and improve coding and decoding efficiency.
  • a transform coefficient encoding method including:
  • the stored non-zero transform coefficient distribution and the last set of encoded non-zero transform coefficient distributions are encoded into the code stream, and after obtaining the absolute values of the last set of encoded transform coefficients and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficients, The absolute value of the stored transform coefficients and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficients and the absolute values of the last set of encoded transform coefficients and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficients are encoded into the code stream.
  • a transform coefficient decoding method includes:
  • a transform coefficient encoding apparatus includes:
  • a coding unit configured to encode transform coefficients of the transform coefficient block according to a preset scan order, and each set of code sets a number of transform coefficients until the last set of the transform coefficient block is encoded;
  • the absolute value of the encoded transform coefficient and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient After the absolute value of the encoded transform coefficient and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient, the absolute value of the stored transform coefficient and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient and the absolute value of the last set of encoded transform coefficients and the non-zero transform
  • the sign of the coefficient is programmed into the code stream
  • a storage unit configured to store a non-zero transform coefficient distribution obtained by the coding unit, an absolute value of the transform coefficient, and a sign of the non-zero transform coefficient.
  • a transform coefficient decoding apparatus includes:
  • a decoding unit configured to parse a transform coefficient of the code stream according to a preset scan order, to obtain a distribution of non-zero transform coefficients; and parse the transform coefficient of the code stream with a transform coefficient greater than 1 according to a preset scan order, and the transform coefficient is greater than 1.
  • An absolute value, a sign of a non-zero transform coefficient, and each of the set number of transform coefficients of the code stream is parsed.
  • the scanning sequence of the encoding significance map is the same as the scanning sequence of the encoding level and the process of encoding the sign.
  • the encoding process only needs to read the data once, and the decoding end only needs a sequential check.
  • the table mode in addition, splits the significance map into smaller significance maps, thereby reducing the codec overhead and improving the encoding and decoding efficiency.
  • Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a large zig-zag scanning sequence
  • Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a small zig-zag scanning sequence
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • a transform coefficient encoding method includes:
  • the transform coefficient block in the embodiment of the present invention may be an 8x8 transform coefficient block, or may be a 32x32 transform coefficient block, or may be other size transform coefficient blocks, and the size of the transform coefficient block does not affect the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the transform coefficients of the transform coefficient block are encoded, and the transform coefficients of the set number of codes are set to be: the non-zero transform coefficient distribution of the transform coefficient of the coded number is set, and the number of codes is set.
  • the transform coefficient of the transform coefficient is greater than one, and the transform coefficient of the set number of transform coefficients is greater than the absolute value of one, and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient of the set number of transform coefficients is encoded.
  • the above stored location can be a cache.
  • the above-mentioned set number of transform coefficients can be determined according to the size of the performance buffer of the processor, etc., and it is experimentally found that the above-mentioned set number is 16 to obtain better coding efficiency.
  • the preset scanning sequence is a scanning order of a large scanning mode or a scanning sequence of a small scanning mode.
  • the embodiment of the present invention gives an example in the subsequent embodiments. It is to be understood that the preset scanning sequence may be other, as long as the encoding end is associated with the decoding end, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the scanning sequence of the encoding significance map is the same as the scanning sequence of the encoding level and the process of encoding the sign.
  • the encoding process only needs to read the data once, and the decoding end only needs a sequential check.
  • the table mode in addition, splits the significance map into smaller significance maps, thereby reducing the codec overhead and improving the codec efficiency.
  • a transform coefficient decoding method includes:
  • the preset scanning order is the same as the scanning order preset by the encoding end.
  • the protocol may be used, and the negotiation may be used.
  • the preset scanning sequence may be a scan order of a large scan mode or a scan order of a small scan mode, and then the transform coefficients of the code stream are parsed according to a preset scan order to obtain a distribution of non-zero transform coefficients;
  • the scan order analyzes the distribution of the transform coefficients of the code stream greater than 1, the absolute value of the transform coefficient greater than 1, and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient, and the transform coefficients of the set number of parsing the code stream each time include:
  • the scanning sequence of the encoding significance map is the same as the scanning sequence of the encoding level and the process of encoding the sign.
  • the encoding process only needs to read the data once, and the decoding end only needs a sequential check.
  • the table mode in addition, splits the significance map into smaller significance maps, thereby reducing the codec overhead and improving the encoding and decoding efficiency.
  • an 8x8 transform coefficient block is used, and the number of transform coefficients per scan or parsing is 16 as an example.
  • Example 1 Assume that the preset scanning order is a sweep mode. If the preset scan order is a zig-zag method, refer to FIG. 1A.
  • the encoding side executes in order:
  • the decoding end executes in order:
  • the coding of the transform coefficients includes: a distribution of transform coefficients and a value of the transform coefficients, wherein the values of the transform coefficients include: an absolute value of the transform coefficients and a sign of the transform coefficients, and the absolute values of the transform coefficients include: a distribution of transform coefficients having a value greater than one ( Through this, it is actually known which absolute values of the non-zero transform coefficients are 1) and the absolute values of the transform coefficients whose values are greater than 1.
  • Example 2 It is assumed that the preset scanning order is a small scanning mode. If the preset scanning order is a small z-shaped (zig-zag) method, refer to Figure IB.
  • the encoding side executes in order:
  • the significance map information contains the end of the map), encodes a map with coefficients greater than 1, then encodes an absolute value greater than 1, then encodes the sign of the non-zero coeffcients, buffers the level, sign information, and the resulting 16 coefficients.
  • the level, sign is programmed into the stream.
  • the decoding end executes in order:
  • a transform coefficient encoding device as shown in FIG. 4, includes:
  • a coding unit 401 configured to encode transform coefficients of the transform coefficient block according to a preset scan order, and set each set of transform coefficients to be encoded until the last set of the transform coefficient blocks is encoded;
  • a set of codes is obtained, after obtaining the distribution of the non-zero transform coefficients of the last set of codes, The stored non-zero transform coefficient distribution and the last set of encoded non-zero transform coefficient distributions are encoded into the code stream, and the absolute values of the last set of encoded transform coefficients and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficients are obtained, and the stored The absolute value of the transform coefficient and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient and the absolute value of the last set of encoded transform coefficients and the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient are encoded into the code stream;
  • the storage unit 402 is configured to store a non-zero transform coefficient distribution obtained by the coding unit, an absolute value of the transform coefficient, and a sign of the non-zero transform coefficient.
  • the foregoing coding unit 401 is configured to encode the transform coefficients of the transform coefficient block according to a preset scan order, including:
  • the transform coefficients of the above-described transform coefficient block are encoded in accordance with a scan order of a small scan mode.
  • the scanning sequence of the encoding significance map is the same as the scanning sequence of the encoding level and the process of encoding the sign.
  • the encoding process only needs to read the data once, and the decoding end only needs a sequential check.
  • the table mode in addition, splits the significance map into smaller significance maps, thereby reducing the codec overhead and improving the encoding and decoding efficiency.
  • a transform coefficient decoding device as shown in FIG. 5, includes:
  • the decoding unit 501 is configured to parse the transform coefficients of the code stream according to a preset scan order to obtain a distribution of non-zero transform coefficients; and parse the transform coefficient of the code stream with a transform coefficient greater than 1 according to a preset scan order, and the transform coefficient is greater than 1.
  • the absolute value, the sign of the non-zero transform coefficient, and the above-described set number of transform coefficients of the above code stream are analyzed each time.
  • the decoding unit 501 is specifically configured to: parse the code stream in a scan order of a large scan mode to obtain a distribution of non-zero transform coefficients; and analyze, in a scan order of a large scan mode, a transform coefficient of the code stream that is greater than one, The transform coefficient is greater than 1, an absolute value of the non-zero transform coefficient, and the transform coefficient of the set number of the code stream is parsed each time; or the decoding unit 501 is specifically configured to: scan order in a small scan manner Parsing the code stream to obtain a distribution of non-zero transform coefficients, and parsing a set number of transform coefficients of the code stream each time;
  • the scanning sequence of the coding significance map, and the coding The process of the process of signing the sign of leveK is the same.
  • the encoding process only needs to read the data once.
  • the decoding end only needs a sequential look-up table.
  • the significance map is split into smaller significance maps. Reduce codec overhead and improve codec efficiency.
  • Video encoders, decoders are widely used in a variety of communication devices or electronic devices, such as: digital TV, set-top box, media gateway, mobile phone, wireless device, personal data assistant (PDA), handheld or portable computer, GPS receiver / navigator, camera, video player, camcorder, video recorder, surveillance equipment, video conferencing and video telephony equipment, etc.
  • PDA personal data assistant
  • Such devices include processors, memory, and interfaces for transmitting data.
  • the video codec can be implemented directly by a digital circuit or chip such as a DSP (digital signal processor) or by a software code that drives a processor to execute the flow in the software code.
  • DSP digital signal processor

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Abstract

变换系数的编码方法、变换系数的解码方法,和装置。以编码方法为例:依照预置的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码,且每组编码设定个数的变换系数,直到对所述变换系数块的最后一组编码;存储得到的非零变换系数分布、变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号;在所述最后一组编码时,得到最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布后,将存储的非零变换系数分布和所述最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布编入码流,得到所述最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号后,将存储的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号和最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号编入码流。可以提高编解码效率。

Description

变换系数的编码方法、 变换系数的解码方法, 和装置 本申请要求于 2011 年 3 月 10 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110057694.9、 发明名称为 "变换系数的编码方法、 变换系数的解码方法, 和装置" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及视频处理技术领域,特別涉及变换系数的编码方法、 变换系数 的解码方法, 和装置。 背景技术
目前视频编码技术中的熵编码主要采用了游长编码和算术编码, 比如在
H.264 编码标准中采用了基于上下文的变长编码 (Context Adaptive Variable Length Coder, CAVLC )和自适应二进制算术编码 ( Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coder, CABAC ) 两种熵编码, 这两种熵编码模式充分利用已编码 信息和当前要编码信息的相关性, 具体为: 利用已编码信息构建当前要编码信 息的码表或者概率模型, 这就是所谓的基于上下文的熵编码。 CABAC由于采 用了算术编码的思想, 其编码性能要好于 CAVLC, 但是相应的也带来了复杂 度大幅度的上升的问题。 由于采用了上下文信息, 当前编码信息的编码要等到 和它相邻近的编码信息编码完成后才能开始, 无法采用并行操作, 这就使熵编 码算法成为编解码中的瓶颈。 为了提高编码效率, 目前正在制定的下一代视频 压缩标准( High Efficiency Video Coding, HEVC )视频编码标准中, 算术编码 的流程如下:
Α: 编码非零变换系数分布(significance map ); 本步骤中使用预置的扫描 顺序对需要编码的整个变换系数块进行编码, 也称为: 大扫描方式, 例如: 大 Z形(zig-zag )方式; 上述预置的扫描顺序也可以是大竖直或者大水平方式的 扫描顺序,对应的在后续以子块方式编码时候使用小竖直或者小水平方式的扫 描顺序;
在执行步骤 A的过程中, 每一个频点对应一个 map中的位置, 当该频点 为 0时, map该位置上的值为 0; 当该频点为非零时, map该位置上的值为 1 , 同时判断当前频点是否为最后一个非零频点, 如果是, 那么该位置的值为 11 (两个 1 , 不是十一), 如果不是, 那么该位置的值为 10 ( 1和 0, 不是十)。 在对 map进行编码的过程中, 若表示 map的 0、 1序列中出现 11 , 则确定一 个变换系数块编码结束。
B: 以子块方式编码变换系数(coefficients ) 大于 1的分布 (map ); 本步 骤采用预置的扫描顺序对整个变换系数块的子块中大于 1的 map进行编码, 也称为: 小扫描方式, 例如: 小 zig-zag方式;
C: 以子块方式编码 coefficeints大于 1的绝对值, 采用小 zig-zag方式; D: 以子块方式编码非零 coefficeints的正负号, 采用小 zig-zag方式。 上 述 B~D的步骤循环执行, 直到所有的子块全部编码完成。
上述步骤中, 所谓子块方式以 8x8的变换系数块为例: 先编左上 4x4, 再 编右上 4x4, 再编左下 4x4, 再编右下 4x4, 上述 4x4的变换系数块就是 8x8 的变换系数块的子块,关于大 /小 zig-zag的扫描顺序,分別如图 1A和 1B所示, 每一个小方块代表一个频点, 方块中数字代表扫描顺序。 可见大 /小 zig-zag的 扫描顺序的扫描规则是相同的,只是针对的扫描对象不同致使在整个变换系数 块来看, 步骤 A中编码 significance map, 与步骤 B~D中编码变换系数绝对值 ( level ), 编码非零变换系数的正负号(sign )的过程相比扫描顺序不同。 由于 上述扫描顺序不同, 在执行步骤 A和执行 B~D的编码过程中需要分別执行一 次读取数据,解码端也需要对应这两种顺序固化两种查表方式,导致编解码效 率开销大, 效率低。 另外, 在步骤 A 中, 如果变换系数块比较大, 通常称为 大变换单元来说, 例如 32x32的 significance map会比较大, 因此在硬件设计 中编码大 significance map的负担较大。 发明内容
本发明实施例要解决的技术问题是提供变换系数的编码方法、变换系数的 解码方法, 和装置, 降低编解码开销, 提高编解码效率。
一种变换系数编码方法, 包括:
依照预置的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码,且每组编码设定 个数的变换系数, 直到对所述变换系数块的最后一组编码; 存储得到的非零变 换系数分布、 变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号;
在所述最后一组编码时,得到最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布后,将存 储的非零变换系数分布和所述最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布编入码流,得 到所述最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号后,将存 储的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号和最后一组编码的变换系 数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号编入码流。
一种变换系数解码方法, 包括:
依照预置的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数, 得到非零变换系数的分布; 依照预置的扫描顺序解析所述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系数大 于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述设定个数 的变换系数。
一种变换系数编码装置, 包括:
编码单元, 用于依照预置的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码, 且每组编码设定个数的变换系数, 直到对所述变换系数块的最后一组编码; 在 所述最后一组编码时,得到最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布后,将存储的非 零变换系数分布和所述最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布编入码流,得到所述 最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号后,将存储的变 换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号和最后一组编码的变换系数的绝 对值以及非零变换系数的正负号编入码流;
存储单元, 用于存储编码单元得到的非零变换系数分布、 变换系数的绝对 值以及非零变换系数的正负号。
一种变换系数解码装置, 包括:
解码单元, 用于依照预置的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数,得到非零变换 系数的分布; 依照预置的扫描顺序解析所述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变 换系数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述 设定个数的变换系数。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案, 编码 significance map的扫描顺序, 与编码 level, 编码 sign的过程的扫描顺序相同, 编码过程只需要读取一次数据, 解码 端对应地也只需要一种顺序的查表方式, 另夕卜, 将 significance map拆分为较小 的 significance map, 因此能够降低编解码开销, 提高编解码效率。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需 要使用的附图作筒单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的 一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1A为大 zig-zag扫描顺序示意图;
图 1B为小 zig-zag扫描顺序示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例方法流程示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例方法流程示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例编码装置结构示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例解码装置结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种变换系数编码方法, 如图 2所示, 包括:
201 : 依照预置的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码, 且每组编 码设定个数的变换系数, 直到对上述变换系数块的最后一组编码; 存储得到的 非零变换系数分布、 变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号;
本发明实施例中的变换系数块可能是 8x8的变换系数块,也能是 32x32的变 换系数块,也可能是其他大小的变换系数块, 变换系数块的大小并不影响本发 明实施例的实现, 对此本发明实施例不予限定。
更具体地, 上述 201中对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码, 且每组编码设 定个数的变换系数包括: 编码设定个数的变换系数的非零变换系数分布, 编码 设定个数的变换系数的变换系数大于 1的分布, 编码设定个数的变换系数的变 换系数大于 1的绝对值, 编码设定个数的变换系数的非零变换系数的正负号。
上述存储的位置可以为緩存。上述设定个数的变换系数可以根据处理器的 性能緩存的大小等来确定,经实验表明上述设定个数为 16时可以获得较好的编 码效率。 可选地,上述预置的扫描顺序为大扫描方式的扫描顺序或者小扫描方式的 扫描顺序。对应于这两种预置的扫描顺序, 本发明实施例在后续实施例中给出 了举例。 可以理解的是, 预置的扫描顺序还可以是其他的, 只要编码端与解码 端对应起来就可以了, 对此本发明实施例不予限定。
202: 在上述最后一组编码时,得到最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布后, 将存储的非零变换系数分布和上述最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布编入码 流, 得到上述最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号 后,将存储的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号和最后一组编码的 变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号编入码流。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案, 编码 significance map的扫描顺序, 与编码 level, 编码 sign的过程的扫描顺序相同, 编码过程只需要读取一次数据, 解码 端对应地也只需要一种顺序的查表方式, 另外, 将 significance map拆分为较小 的 significance map, 因此能够降低编解码开销, 提高编解码效率。
一种变换系数解码方法, 如图 3所示, 包括:
301 : 依照预置的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数, 得到非零变换系数的分 布;
在 301中, 预置的扫描顺序与编码端预置的扫描顺序是相同的。 为了保证 编解码端具有相同的扫描顺序可以采用协议规定,也可以采用协商等方式, 对 此本发明实施例不予限定。
302: 依照预置的扫描顺序解析上述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系 数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析上述码流的上述设定 个数的变换系数。
上述预置的扫描顺序可以为大扫描方式的扫描顺序也可以为小扫描方式 的扫描顺序, 那么上述依照预置的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数,得到非零变 换系数的分布; 依照预置的扫描顺序解析上述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析上述码流的上 述设定个数的变换系数包括:
以大扫描方式的扫描顺序解析上述码流得到非零变换系数的分布;以大扫 描方式的扫描顺序解析上述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、变换系数大于 1的绝 对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析上述码流的设定个数的变换系数; 或者,
以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析上述码流得到非零变换系数的分布,且每次 解析上述码流的设定个数的变换系数;
以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析上述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系 数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析上述码流的上述设定 个数的变换系数。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案, 编码 significance map的扫描顺序, 与编码 level, 编码 sign的过程的扫描顺序相同, 编码过程只需要读取一次数据, 解码 端对应地也只需要一种顺序的查表方式, 另夕卜, 将 significance map拆分为较小 的 significance map, 因此能够降低编解码开销, 提高编解码效率。
以下实施例将以 8x8的变换系数块, 且每次扫描或解析的变换系数个数为 16个为例进行说明。
示例一、 假定预置的扫描顺序为大扫方式, 若预置的扫描顺序是大 Z形 ( zig-zag )方式可以参考图 1A。
编码端依次执行:
( 1 ) 以 8x8预置的扫描顺序编码扫描顺序中的前 16个 coefficients的 significance map, 然后存入緩存, 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后编码 coeffcients的正负号, 然后将得到的 level和 sign存入緩存; ( 2 ) 以 8x8预置的扫描顺序编码扫描顺序中之后的 16个 coefficients的 significance map, 然后存入緩存, 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后编码 coeffcients的正负号, 然后将得到的 level和 sign存入緩存; ( 3 ) 以 8x8预置的扫描顺序编码扫描顺序中之后的 16个 coefficients的 significance map, 然后存入緩存, 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后编码 coeffcients的正负号, 然后将得到的 level和 sign存入緩存; ( 4 ) 以 8x8预置的扫描顺序编码扫描顺序中的最后 16个 coefficients的 significance map , 将緩存内 significance map信息以及最后得到的 16个 coefficients的 significance map信息编入码流 , 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然 后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后编码 coeffcients的正负号, 将緩存内 level、 sign信 息以及最后得到的 16个 coefficients的 level、 sign编入码流。 编码结束后可以将 码流发送给解码端。 可以理解的是在编码最后 16个 significance map时会得到结 束的标志信息。
解码端依次执行:
( 1 )读取码流, 以预置的 8x8的扫描顺序, 解析 significance map的数值; 这一个步骤可以直接解析出 64个 coefficients的 significance map的数值;
变换系数的编码包括: 变换系数的分布和变换系数的数值, 其中变换系数 的数值包括: 变换系数的绝对值和变换系数的符号, 变换系数的绝对值包括: 数值大于 1的变换系数的分布 (通过这个实际上知道了哪些非零变换系数的绝 对值为 1 )和数值大于 1的变换系数的绝对值。
( 2 )读取码流, 以预置的 8x8的扫描顺序, 解析扫描顺序中前 16个大于 1 的 coefficients的 map , 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负 号;
( 3 )读取码流, 以预置的 8x8的扫描顺序, 解析扫描顺序中后面 16个大于 1的 coefficients的 map, 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负 号;
( 4 )读取码流, 以预置的 8x8的扫描顺序, 解析扫描顺序中后面 16个大于
1的 coefficients的 map, 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负 号;
( 5 )读取码流, 以预置的 8x8的扫描顺序, 解析扫描顺序中最后 16个大于 1的 coefficients的 map, 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负 号。
示例二、 假定预置的扫描顺序为小扫方式, 若预置的扫描顺序是小 Z形 ( zig-zag )方式可以参考图 IB。
编码端依次执行:
1、 取频域位置左上 4x4点, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序编码 significance map, 然后存入緩存, 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后 编码非零 coeffcients的正负号, 然后将得到的 level和 sign存入緩存;
2、 取频域位置右上 4x4点, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序编码 significance map, 然后存入緩存, 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后 编码非零 coeffcients的正负号, 然后将得到的 level和 sign存入緩存;
3、 取频域位置左下 4x4点, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序编码 significance map, 然后存入緩存, 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后 编码非零 coeffcients的正负号, 然后将得到的 level和 sign存入緩存;
4、 取频域位置右下 4x4点, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序编码 significance map, 将緩存内 significance map信息以及最后得到的 16个 coefficients的 significance map信息编入码流 (最后得到的 16个 coefficients的 significance map信息包含 map 的结束信息), 编码 coefficients大于 1的 map, 然后编码大于 1的绝对值, 然后编 码非零 coeffcients的正负号, 将緩存内 level、 sign信息以及最后得到的 16个 coefficients的 level、 sign编入码流。
解码端依次执行:
( 1 )读取码流, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析前 16个点的 significance map数 值存入 map的左上子块,以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析后 16个点的 significance map 数值存入 map的右上子块, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析后 16个点的 significance map数值存入 map的左下子块, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析最后 16个点的 significance map数值存入 map的右下子块;
( 2 )读取码流, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析前 16个大于 1的 coefficients的 map, 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负号, 作为左上子 块位置的 coefficients;
( 3 )读取码流, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析后 16个大于 1的 coefficients的 map, 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负号, 作为右上子 块位置的 coefficients;
( 4 )读取码流, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析后 16个大于 1的 coefficients的 map, 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负号, 作为左下子 块位置的 coefficients;
( 5 )读取码流, 以 4x4预置的扫描顺序解析后 16个大于 1的 coefficients的 map, 大于 1的 coefficients的绝对值, 各非零 coefficients的正负号, 作为右下子 块位置的 coefficients。
一种变换系数编码装置, 如图 4所示, 包括:
编码单元 401 , 用于依照预置的扫描顺序对上述变换系数块的变换系数进 行编码,且每组编码设定个数的变换系数, 直到对上述变换系数块的最后一组 编码; 在上述最后一组编码时, 得到最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布后, 将 存储的非零变换系数分布和上述最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布编入码流, 得到上述最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号后,将 存储的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号和最后一组编码的变换 系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号编入码流;
存储单元 402, 用于存储编码单元得到的非零变换系数分布、 变换系数的 绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号。
可选地, 上述编码单元 401 , 用于依照预置的扫描顺序对上述变换系数块 的变换系数进行编码包括:
用于依照大扫描方式的扫描顺序对上述变换系数块的变换系数进行编码; 或者,
用于依照小扫描方式的扫描顺序对上述变换系数块的变换系数进行编码。 本发明实施例提供的技术方案, 编码 significance map的扫描顺序, 与编码 level, 编码 sign的过程的扫描顺序相同, 编码过程只需要读取一次数据, 解码 端对应地也只需要一种顺序的查表方式, 另夕卜, 将 significance map拆分为较小 的 significance map, 因此能够降低编解码开销, 提高编解码效率。
一种变换系数解码装置, 如图 5所示, 包括:
解码单元 501 , 用于依照预置的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数, 得到非零 变换系数的分布;依照预置的扫描顺序解析上述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析上述码流的上 述设定个数的变换系数。
可选地, 上述解码单元 501具体用于: 以大扫描方式的扫描顺序解析上述 码流得到非零变换系数的分布;以大扫描方式的扫描顺序解析上述码流的变换 系数大于 1的分布、 变换系数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次 解析上述码流的设定个数的变换系数; 或者, 上述解码单元 501具体用于: 以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析上述码流得到非零变换系数的分布,且每次 解析上述码流的设定个数的变换系数;
以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析上述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系 数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析上述码流的上述设定 个数的变换系数。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案, 编码 significance map的扫描顺序, 与编码 leveK 编码 sign的过程的扫描顺序相同, 编码过程只需要读取一次数据, 解码 端对应地也只需要一种顺序的查表方式, 另外, 将 significance map拆分为较小 的 significance map, 因此能够降低编解码开销, 提高编解码效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤 是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成,上述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可 读存储介质中, 上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器, 磁盘或光盘等。
本发明实施例提供的技术可以应用在数字信号处理领域中, 通过编码器, 解码器实现。 视频编码器, 解码器广泛应用于各种通讯设备或电子设备中, 例 如:数字电视、机顶盒、媒体网关,移动电话,无线装置,个人数据助理(PDA ), 手持式或便携式计算机, GPS接收机 /导航器, 照相机, 视频播放器, 摄像机, 录像机, 监控设备, 视频会议和可视电话设备等等。 这类设备中包括处理器, 存储器, 以及传输数据的接口。视频编解码器可以直接由数字电路或芯片例如 DSP ( digital signal processor )实现, 或者由软件代码驱动一处理器执行软件代 码中的流程而实现。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的变换系数的编码方法、 变换系数的解码方 式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思 想; 同时, 对于本领域的一般技术人员, 依据本发明的思想, 在具体实施方式 及应用范围上均会有改变之处, 综上, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限 制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种变换系数编码方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
依照预置的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码,且每组编码设定 个数的变换系数, 直到对所述变换系数块的最后一组编码; 存储得到的非零变 换系数分布、 变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号;
在所述最后一组编码时,得到最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布后,将存 储的非零变换系数分布和所述最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布编入码流,得 到所述最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号后,将存 储的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号和最后一组编码的变换系 数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号编入码流。
2、根据权利要求 1所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述对变换系数块的变换系数 进行编码,且每组编码设定个数的变换系数包括: 编码设定个数的变换系数的 非零变换系数分布, 编码设定个数的变换系数的变换系数大于 1的分布, 编码 设定个数的变换系数的变换系数大于 1的绝对值, 编码设定个数的变换系数的 非零变换系数的正负号。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述设定个数为 16。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述预置的扫描顺序为大 扫描方式的扫描顺序或者小扫描方式的扫描顺序。
5、 一种变换系数解码方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
依照预置的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数, 得到非零变换系数的分布; 依照预置的扫描顺序解析所述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系数大 于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述设定个数 的变换系数。
6、根据权利要求 5所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述依照预置的扫描顺序解析 码流的变换系数,得到非零变换系数的分布;依照预置的扫描顺序解析所述码 流的变换系数大于 1的分布、变换系数大于 1的绝对值、非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述设定个数的变换系数包括:
以大扫描方式的扫描顺序解析所述码流得到非零变换系数的分布;以大扫 描方式的扫描顺序解析所述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、变换系数大于 1的绝 对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的设定个数的变换系数。
7、根据权利要求 5所述方法, 其特征在于, 所述依照预置的扫描顺序解析 码流的变换系数,得到非零变换系数的分布;依照预置的扫描顺序解析所述码 流的变换系数大于 1的分布、变换系数大于 1的绝对值、非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述设定个数的变换系数包括:
以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析码流得到非零变换系数的分布,且每次解析 所述码流的设定个数的变换系数;
以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系数大 于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述设定个数 的变换系数。
8、 一种变换系数编码装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
编码单元, 用于依照预置的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码, 且每组编码设定个数的变换系数, 直到对所述变换系数块的最后一组编码; 在 所述最后一组编码时,得到最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布后,将存储的非 零变换系数分布和所述最后一组编码的非零变换系数分布编入码流,得到所述 最后一组编码的变换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号后,将存储的变 换系数的绝对值以及非零变换系数的正负号和最后一组编码的变换系数的绝 对值以及非零变换系数的正负号编入码流;
存储单元, 用于存储编码单元得到的非零变换系数分布、 变换系数的绝对 值以及非零变换系数的正负号。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述装置, 其特征在于, 所述编码单元, 用于依照预置 的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码包括:
用于依照大扫描方式的扫描顺序对所述变换系数块的变换系数进行编码。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述装置, 其特征在于, 所述编码单元, 用于依照预 置的扫描顺序对变换系数块的变换系数进行编码包括:用于依照小扫描方式的 扫描顺序对所述变换系数块的变换系数进行编码。
11、 一种变换系数解码装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
解码单元, 用于依照预置的扫描顺序解析码流的变换系数,得到非零变换 系数的分布; 依照预置的扫描顺序解析所述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变 换系数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述 设定个数的变换系数。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述置, 其特征在于, 所述解码单元具体用于: 以大 扫描方式的扫描顺序解析码流得到非零变换系数的分布;以大扫描方式的扫描 顺序解析所述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系数大于 1的绝对值、非零变 换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的设定个数的变换系数。
13、 根据权利要求 11所述置, 其特征在于, 所述解码单元具体用于: 以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析码流得到非零变换系数的分布,且每次解析 所述码流的设定个数的变换系数;
以小扫描方式的扫描顺序解析所述码流的变换系数大于 1的分布、 变换系 数大于 1的绝对值、 非零变换系数的正负号, 且每次解析所述码流的所述设定 个数的变换系数。
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