WO2012116970A1

WO2012116970A1 - Spring cage

Info

Publication number: WO2012116970A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/053319
Authority: WO
Inventors: Katja Zarges; Andreas Cordt; Lars Wattenberg; Philipp JÜRGENSMEIER
Original assignee: Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2011-02-28
Filing date: 2012-02-28
Publication date: 2012-09-07
Also published as: DE102011000979B4; DE102011000979A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a spring cage (1), comprising a clamping section (2) for the clamping attachment of the spring cage (1) to a contact sleeve (3) and a first contact spring (6) for the clamping attachment of a conductor in the spring cage (1), wherein the spring cage (1) has an inner chamber (8) such that the contact sleeve (3) and the conductor can be inserted into the inner chamber (8), and the clamping section (2) is designed such that the contact sleeve (3) inserted into the inner chamber (8) of the spring cage (1) can be enclosed by the clamping section (2) in a clamping manner at least in some regions. The first end (9) of the first contact spring (6) is detachably connected to the spring cage (1) in the inner chamber (8) on an inner wall (10) of the spring cage (1) and the second end (11), under the action of the spring force, trends toward the inner chamber (8) and, when the contact sleeve (3) is inserted into the inner chamber (8) and enclosed by the clamping section (2) in a clamping manner at least in some regions, trends toward the contact sleeve (3). The spring force acts on the first contact spring (6) such that the conductor inserted into the inner chamber (8) can be clamped against the contact sleeve (3) by the first contact spring (6). In addition, the first contact spring (6) and the spring cage (1) are designed such that the first contact spring (6) can be placed against the inner wall (10) of the spring cage (1) at least in some regions by inserting the conductor. The spring cage (1) allows the setting of the first contact spring (6) to be significantly reduced, in particular with a plurality of contacting processes.

Description

spring cage

The invention relates to a spring cage, with a

Clamping section for clamping attachment of the spring cage to a contact sleeve and a first contact spring for

clamping attachment of a conductor in the spring cage.

From the prior art, a plurality of electrical connection devices and electrical connection terminals are known, which are used for connecting one or more conductors. Such terminals are usually made of stamped and bent components, wherein initially a base plate is punched, which then provided along to form a spring cage along

Bending edges is bent. In this case, the contact spring is produced from a bent portion of the base plate and bent into a clamping region for the conductor to be connected in order to clamp the conductor to be connected against the clamping region of the electrical terminal. Enclosed is such a spring cage or such an electrical

Terminal often from a plastic housing.

The disadvantage of such terminals is that after a plurality of clamping operations of a conductor, ie from an insertion and clamping of the conductor in the spring cage and canceling the clamping and removing the conductor from the spring cage, the head no longer in a sufficiently secure manner in the spring cage Terminal is fixable. In particular, in the known from the prior art terminals is disadvantageous that after a plurality of

Klemmvorgängen the pressure force of the conductor clamped contact spring is no longer given to a sufficient extent, resulting in a reduction of the current carrying capacity of

Connection terminal leads. The invention has for its object to provide a spring cage for an electrical terminal, which also after a plurality before clamping operations of a conductor in the

Spring cage allows a reliable and secure clamping of the conductor so that even after the majority of

Clamping the current carrying capacity of the electrical

Terminal is not affected.

The object is achieved by the

Features of the independent claims. advantageous

Embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Accordingly, the problem is solved by a spring cage, with a clamping portion for clamping attachment of the

Spring cage on a contact sleeve and a first

Contact spring for the clamping attachment of a conductor in the spring cage, wherein the spring cage has an interior space such that the contact sleeve and the conductor in the

Interior are inserted, the clamping portion such

is configured that of the clamping portion in the

Interior contact of the spring cage introduced contact sleeve is at least partially clamped, the first contact spring is detachably connected at its first end in the interior to an inner wall of the spring cage with the spring cage and at its second end acted upon by the spring force strives into the interior and, if the contact sleeve in the direction of the interior, preferably in the interior, introduced and at least partially enclosed by the clamping portion by clamping, in the direction of the contact sleeve strives, the first

Contact spring is acted upon by spring force, that by the first contact spring inserted in the interior of the conductor is clamped against the contact sleeve, and the first contact spring and the spring cage are configured such that the first contact spring by the insertion of the conductor at least partially be deposited on the inner wall of the spring cage.

The invention thus provides that, in contrast to the prior art, in which, as stated above, the force for holding the conductor was carried from a spring cage enclosing the plastic housing, preferably

only the spring cage carries the force for holding the conductor in that the contact spring during insertion of the

Ladder at least partially, preferably completely, can be placed on the inner wall of the spring cage. In this

Connection is further preferred that the spring cage, the clamping portion and / or the contact spring made of a conductive material, in particular made of a metal. Thus, the spring cage according to the invention allows a relation to the prior art much improved clamping of the conductor in the spring cage in that the contact spring on a part of the spring cage, the inner wall, can be stored. In other words, it is thus provided that the spring cage surrounds the contact spring preferably encompassing such that the contact spring at least partially at least on one of its sides on the inner wall of the spring cage

Insertion of the conductor is storable.

In principle, the contact spring can be designed as any known from the prior art contact spring. Most preferably, however, the contact spring is designed as a leaf spring, wherein the contact spring is preferably disposed at its first end fitting, preferably directly adjacent to the inner wall of the spring cage. It is provided according to the invention that the spring cage and the contact spring are made in two parts, the contact spring so inserted into the spring cage and can be fixed in the spring cage. In this case, the contact spring has a projection, ie

for example, a broadening or a wing, have, which is insertable in a recess corresponding to the projection in the spring cage. After this

Inserting the contact spring in the spring cage or in the recess provided for receiving the contact tongue at its first end, a part of the spring cage for fixing the contact spring can be bent in the spring cage. Of the

By means of such a multi-part design, the spring cage according to the invention makes it possible, by providing the spring cage and the contact spring, to be substantially smaller than the state of the art, to set the spring when connecting a spring

Ladder, especially in a conductor with a maximum provided for the spring cage cross-section.

Further, it is preferable that the clamping portion as a

"Leg" of the spring cage is formed, wherein the

Spring cage preferably two symmetrically arranged

Has clamping portions. By spreading the can

Contact sleeve are inserted into the interior of the spring cage and after insertion by clamping the clamping sections with the spring cage are fixed by clamping. The contact sleeve can be designed as any known from the prior art contact sleeve and in particular a linear insertion of the conductor to be connected from a Einsteckseite into the contact sleeve inside, the conductor preferably in the region of the clamping point against an inner wall of the contact sleeve of the contact spring,

in particular is clamped by the second end of the contact spring. Furthermore, the contact sleeve can be designed as described in DE 10 2008 032 837.

The spring cage according to the invention thus enables in

Advantageously, even in a variety of

Clamping, ie from an insertion and clamping of the conductor in the spring cage and cancel the clamping and removing the conductor from the spring cage, one also in the long term uniform pressure force of the contact spring, so that the

Federkäfig also over longer periods of use one

sufficient current carrying capacity ensured. Under "store" or "storable" is thereby in the context of

For example, a partial or total "straightening" of the contact spring between the first end and the second end may be understood to mean that the invention

Contact spring touched not only at its first end, but also along its extension in the direction of the second end at least partially the inner wall. Furthermore, the term "storable" can be understood to mean that the

Contact feather as a leaf spring for example in

various bending radii is bendable in their first

State in which the conductor is not inserted into the spring cage is curved, and in its second state, in which the conductor is inserted into the spring cage, itself

For example, at least partially linearly extends such that the contact spring at least partially abuts the inner wall of the spring cage or extends substantially parallel thereto, but preferably does not extend into the interior or only partially into the interior in.

In principle, the contact spring can be configured as desired. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, however, it is provided that the first

Contact spring extends between the first end and the second end substantially curved, preferably extends curved between the first end and the second end. Accordingly, it is therefore provided that the contact spring extends substantially curved along its extension, wherein in

Area of the first end quite a linear extent for better fixation can be formed on the spring cage. Most preferably, the contact spring is curved such that it, fixed at its first end to the inner wall of the Spring cage, in the non-imported state of the conductor with its second end of the inner wall preferably

touched opposite clamping portion or even at its second end outside of the spring cage on the

Extends clamping portion across.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the first contact spring has an end curvature in the region of the second end such that the essentially curved extent between the first end and the second end on the one hand and the end curvature in the region of the second end on the other hand have an S form like extension of the first contact spring. By forming such a final curvature, the insertion of the conductor is simplified, since the Endkrümmung allows a much easier "pushing away" the contact spring during insertion of the conductor in the spring cage.

By such an S-like configuration of the contact spring, preferably a single contact spring, a certain angle of the contact spring on the surface of the conductor can be achieved. This angle of attack favors

"Buried" resting on the conductor, for example, very sharp edge of the contact spring in the material of the conductor and thus leads to a significantly improved hold of the conductor in the contact spring, compared with a

Contact spring without such an S-like configuration. In other words, such a design contributes

Actuation of the conductor with a tensile force that material of the head before the edge "auftürmt" and thus leads to a "locking" between contact spring and conductor, and thus causes a particularly secure hold of the conductor in the contact spring.

According to another alternative embodiment of the invention it is provided that the first contact spring between the first end and the second end is waisted and / or has a recess. This makes it possible, as well as in the previously performed curvature of the contact spring, the setting of the contact spring, in particular in a plurality of

Contacting processes, significantly reduce.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a second contact spring is provided, wherein the first contact spring and the second contact spring are arranged adjacent to each other. Most preferably, the first contact spring and the second contact spring are arranged directly adjacent to each other. In this

Connection is further preferred that the first

Contact spring and the second contact spring are connected to each other and / or with the spring cage, in particular welded, crimped and / or glued, and / or the first

Contact spring and the second contact spring to each other

different materials, elasticities and / or

Have strengths. By providing two

Contact springs, which are glued together, for example, and have different elasticities, it is possible to increase the force of the thus formed together contact spring, which also leads to a much reduced setting of the contact spring and the contact springs.

Also, by providing two or even more contact springs, the current carrying capacity of the spring cage is increased. If in the context of this invention of the "contact pen" is spoken, then the information and

Embodiments each on the first contact spring and / or on the second contact spring.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the contact spring, which is arranged closer to the inner wall than the other contact spring, having an S-like extension. This has the advantage of being a definite point is defined, at which the one spring presses on the other contact spring.

In principle, the skilled person can design the spring cage as desired. According to another embodiment of the

Invention is preferred, however, that the spring cage

sleeve-like design, the first end of the first

Contact spring is disposed at the first end of the spring cage, the spring cage has at its second end a roof overhang, the roof overhang extending linearly in extension of the inner wall of the spring cage überragend of the spring cage and the contact spring by inserting the conductor from the interior at least partially on the

Roof overhang of the spring cage can be stored. After this

From leadership form is thus provided that the spring cage on the side on which the contact spring on the spring cage

is arranged, at the preferably the contact sleeve

is arranged and clamped by the clamping portion, extends in extension of the inner wall such that the contact spring during insertion of the conductor not only on the inner wall of the spring cage, but also on the

Drop the roof overhang. Preferably, the roof overhang and the spring cage are made in one piece. By providing such a roof overhang, the setting of the spring can be further reduced because the contact spring over a larger

Extension away on the inner wall can be stored.

The solution of the task is still done by a

electrical connection device for connecting a

Ladder, with a spring cage as previously stated, with a contact sleeve, wherein the contact sleeve has a clearance for receiving at least the second end of the first contact spring, the contact sleeve is inserted into the interior of the spring cage, the clamping portion enclosing the contact sleeve at least partially clamping and the first Contact spring on its second end acted upon by the spring force in

Direction of the franking strives, preferably in the

Aiming in strives or extends into the franking in. Preferably, the contact sleeve is formed as a cylindrical rotary member, wherein for forming the franking a semi-cylindrical part of the contact sleeve can be removed, so that the contact sleeve is formed on a Einsteckseite of the conductor only as a semi-cylindrical part. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrical connection device has a

Release means for canceling the clamping of the contact spring, wherein the release device is arranged at least partially displaceable in the interior of the spring cage and the release device is configured such that a displacement of the release device towards the second end of the contact spring depositing the first contact spring on the inner wall of the

Spring cage causes, so that caused by the first contact spring clamping of the inserted conductor in the interior is canceled. Preferably, the extends

Release device in the assembled state between the

Contact spring and the contact sleeve, wherein longitudinal webs of

Release device at the area of the franking

can be present semi-cylindrical trained contact sleeve. In this case, the release device may comprise latching elements, which are arranged on both sides of the release device and prevent unintentional falling out of the release device from the connection device. By providing a

Such release device according to the invention can be particularly easy to solve with the contact spring in the spring cage clamped conductor and from the electrical

Remove connecting device.

The object of the invention is further achieved by a

Method for producing an electrical Connecting device, with a spring cage, a first

Contact spring for clamping attachment of a conductor in the spring cage and a contact sleeve, wherein the spring cage has a clamping portion for clamping attachment of the spring cage to the contact sleeve and a recess for receiving a first contact spring, the spring cage has an interior such that the contact sleeve and the conductor in the

Interior are insertable, with the steps: (a) punching and bending a spring cage with the clamping section and the

Recording, wherein the clamping portion is configured such that from the clamping portion in the interior of the

Spring cage introduced contact sleeve is at least partially clamped umschließbar, (b) inserting the first

Contact spring in the receptacle and fixing the first

Contact spring on the spring cage such that the first

Contact spring at its first end in the interior of an inner wall of the spring cage with the spring cage releasably

connected and strung at its second end by the spring force strives into the interior and, if the

Contact sleeve inserted in the interior and of that

Clamping portion is at least partially enclosed by clamping, strives in the direction of the contact sleeve, the first contact spring is acted upon by spring force, that is introduced by the first contact spring inserted into the interior conductor against the contact sleeve, and the first contact spring and the spring cage are configured such that the first one

Contact spring by insertion of the conductor at least partially on the inner wall of the spring cage can be placed. By such a method is an electrical

Connecting device produced, which allows over the prior art, a significantly improved holding the conductor in the spring cage, characterized in that when inserting the conductor into the spring cage, the contact spring is at least partially deposited on the spring cage. Further embodiments and advantages of the invention

Method will be apparent to those skilled in the analogy to the contact sleeve described above and / or to the electrical connection device described above.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.

Show it

Fig. 1 shows a spring cage according to a preferred

Out of leadership form of the invention in one

perspective view,

Fig. 2 shows a spring cage according to another preferred

Out of leadership form of the invention in one

perspective view,

Fig. 3 shows a spring cage according to another preferred

Out of leadership form of the invention in one

4 shows an electrical connection device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention in a perspective view, and FIG

5 shows an electrical connection device according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention in a perspective view.

Figures 1, 2 and 3 show an inventive

Spring cage 1 and Figures 4 and 5 show a

inventive electrical connection device with Spring cage 1 according to preferred embodiments of the invention.

The spring cage 1 is punched from a sheet and

bent according to the specification shown in Fig. 1. In this case, on the spring cage 1, a clamping portion 2 for clamping attachment of the spring cage 1 to a contact sleeve 3, shown in Fig. 4, punched out. In the present case two clamping sections 2 are provided, which for clamping the

Spring cage 1 are spread apart on the contact sleeve 3, so that the contact sleeve 3 is inserted into the spring cage 1.

After insertion of the contact sleeve 3 in the spring cage 1, the two clamping sections 2, which also as

Federkäfigschenkel be called, bent back, so that the contact sleeve 3 is clamped between the two clamping portions 2 fixed to the spring cage 1.

The spring cage 1 further comprises two symmetrically arranged recesses 4, in which the projections 5 a

Contact spring 6 can be used. The contact spring 6 is also like the spring cage 1 punched from a sheet. After insertion of the projections 5 in the recesses 4, an end portion 7 is bent such that the contact spring 6 is fixed in the spring cage 1.

By means of the contact spring 6, a conductor, not shown, can be fixed in the spring cage 1, wherein the spring cage 1 in the present case has an interior space 8 such that the contact sleeve 3 and the conductor can be inserted into the interior space 8, as for the contact sleeve 3 in FIG. 4.

The spring cage 1 and the contact spring 6 are thus designed in two parts in such a way that the contact spring 6 is arranged at its first end 9, on which the projection 5 is present. in the interior 8 is detachably connected to an inner wall 10 of the spring cage 1 with the spring cage 1. At its second end 11, the contact spring 6 protrudes by spring force into the interior 8 or as shown in FIG. 1 beyond the interior in the direction of the clamping portions 2 and in the direction of the introduced in the inner space 8 contact sleeve 3, as shown in FIG 4 can be seen.

By the contact spring 6 is inserted into the interior 8 of an insertion 12 ago conductor to the spring cage 1 and the contact sleeve 3 can be fixed, so that between the conductor and the contact sleeve 3, which made of a metal

is executed, as well as with the spring cage 1 a

electrically conductive connection is formed.

Now, if the head is inserted into the spring cage 1, the conductor bends the contact spring 6 toward the inner wall 10, in particular bends through the conductor, the second end 11 of the contact spring 6 toward the inner wall such that the

Contact spring 6 deposits at least partially on the inner wall 10 of the spring cage 1.

While the contact spring 6, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 to 3, extends into the spring cage 1 essentially in the spring cage 1 between its first end 9 and its second end 11, insertion of the conductor into the spring cage results 1, from the insertion direction 12, for "straightening" the contact spring. 6

The contact spring 6 may, as shown in Fig. 2 have a recess 13 and be waisted. Next, as shown in Fig. 3, in addition to a first contact spring 6, a second

Contact spring 14 may be provided, wherein the first contact spring 6 and the second contact spring 14 adjacent to each other as shown in FIG. 3 are arranged. In this case, as also shown in Fig. 3, an end portion 15 of the contact springs 6, 14 have a curvature such that the entire curvature of the contact springs 6, 14 between its first end 9 and its second end 11 a in

Form substantial S-type extension.

To the pressing force of the contact springs 6, 14 and the

To improve current carrying capacity of the spring cage, as well as to reduce the setting of the contact springs 6, 14, the

Contact springs 6, 14 with each other and / or welded to the spring cage 1, crimped, glued or connected to each other in any other suitable manner, have mutually different materials, elasticities and / or strengths.

Thus, the contact springs 6, 14 are deposited over a larger part of their extension to the spring cage 1 during insertion of the conductor in the spring cage 1, as shown in Fig. 3, a roof overhang 16 is provided, which is linear in

Extension of the inner wall 10 the spring cage 1 protruding from the spring cage 1 extends away, in the present case the

Roof overhang 16 and the spring cage 1 are made in one piece. Likewise, according to another embodiment of the form

Invention, a housing 17 may be provided which, as shown in Fig. 5, the spring cage 1 comprises. For this purpose, the housing can be designed, for example, from an insulating plastic. In contrast to the prior art, the spring cage 1 according to the invention makes it possible to deposit the contact spring 6, 14 on the spring cage, and not or only partially to the housing 17.

As further shown in Fig. 5, a release device 18 is provided, wherein the release device 18 in the longitudinal direction the contact sleeve 3, so in the insertion direction 12 of the conductor, relative to the contact sleeve 3 slidably for releasing the conductor from the spring cage 1 or from the contact spring 6, 14 is arranged. At the release device 18, a conically shaped insertion ring is provided, which facilitates the insertion of the conductor 1 in the spring cage 1.

Reference sign list

Spring cage 1

Clamping section 2 contact sleeve 3

Recess 4

Lead 5

First contact spring 6

End part 7 interior 8

First end 9

Inner wall 10

Second end 11

Insertion 12 recess 13

Second contact spring 14

End curvature 15

Supernatant 16

Housing 17 release device 18

Claims

claims

1. spring cage (1), with a clamping portion (2) for

clamping attachment of the spring cage (1) to a

Contact sleeve (3) and a first contact spring (6) for

clamping attachment of a conductor in the spring cage (1), wherein

the spring cage (1) has an interior space (8) such that the contact sleeve (3) and the conductor are insertable into the interior space (8),

the clamping section (2) is designed such that from the clamping section (2) into the interior (8) of the

Spring cage (1) inserted contact sleeve (3) is at least partially enclosed by clamping,

the first contact spring (6) at its first end (9) in the

Interior (8) on an inner wall (10) of the spring cage (1) with the spring cage (1) is detachably connected and acted upon at its second end (11) by the spring force in

Direction of the interior (8) strives and, when the contact sleeve (3) inserted into the interior (8) and of the clamping portion

(2) is enclosed at least partially by clamping, in the direction of the contact sleeve (3) strives,

the first contact spring (6) with spring force

acted upon by the first contact spring (6) in the interior (8) introduced conductor against the contact sleeve

(3) is clamped, and

the first contact spring (6) and the spring cage (1) are configured in such a way that the first contact spring (6) is at least partially applied to the first one by the insertion of the conductor

Inner wall (10) of the spring cage (1) can be stored.

2. spring cage (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the first contact spring (6) between the first end and (9) the second end (11) extends substantially curved.

3. spring cage (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the first contact spring (6) in the region of the second end (11) has an end curve (15) such that the substantially curved extension between the first end (9) and the second End (11) on the one hand and the Endkurümmung (15) in

On the other hand form an area of the second end (11) an S-like extension of the first contact spring (6).

4. spring cage (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first contact spring (6) between the first end (9) and the second end (11) is fitted and / or a

Having recess (13).

5. spring cage (1) according to one of the preceding claims, with a second contact spring (14), wherein the first

Contact spring (6) and the second contact spring (14) are arranged adjacent to each other.

6. spring cage (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein the first contact spring (6) and the second contact spring (14) are connected to each other and / or with the spring cage (1), in particular welded, crimped and / or glued, and / or the first contact spring (6) and the second

Contact spring (14) have mutually different materials, elasticities and / or strengths.

7. spring cage (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring cage (1) is designed like a sleeve, the first end (9) of the first contact spring at the first end of the spring cage (1) is arranged, the spring cage (1) at its second end has a roof overhang (16), the

Roof overhang (16) is linear in extension of the

Inner wall (10) the spring cage (1) superior to the

Spring cage (1) extends away and the first contact spring (6) by inserting the conductor from the interior (8) at least partially on the roof overhang (16) of the

Spring cage (1) can be stored.

8. Electrical connection device for connecting a conductor, with a spring cage (1) according to one of

previous claims, with a contact sleeve (3), wherein the contact sleeve (3) has a clearance for receiving at least the second end (11) of the first contact spring (6), the contact sleeve (3) in the interior (8) of the spring cage (1 ) is introduced, the clamping portion (2) enclosing the contact sleeve (3) at least partially by clamping and the first

Contact spring (6) at its second end (11) through the

Spring force applied in the direction of the franking strives.

9. Electrical connection device according to the preceding claim 8, with a release device (18) for canceling the clamping of the first contact spring (6), wherein the

Release device (18) at least partially in the interior (8) of the spring cage (1) is slidably disposed and the

Release device (18) is designed such that a

Moving the release device (18) towards the second end (11) of the first contact spring (6) depositing the first

Contact spring (6) on the inner wall (10) of the spring cage (1) causes, so that a through the first contact spring (6)

effected clamping of the introduced into the interior (8)

Head is lifted.

10. Method for producing an electrical

Connecting device, comprising a spring cage (1), a first contact spring (6) for clamping attachment of a conductor in the spring cage (1) and a contact sleeve (3), wherein

the spring cage (1) has a clamping section (2) for the clamping attachment of the spring cage (1) to the contact sleeve (3) and a recess (4) for receiving the first contact spring (6), the spring cage (1) has an interior space (8) such that the contact sleeve (3) and the conductor can be introduced into the interior space (8), with the steps:

(a) punching and bending a spring cage (1) with the

Clamping portion (2) and the receptacle (4), wherein the

Clamping portion (2) is designed such that of the

Clamping section (2) in the interior (8) of the spring cage (1) inserted contact sleeve (3) is at least partially enclosed by clamping,

(B) inserting the first contact spring (6) in the receptacle

(4) and fix the first contact spring (6) to the spring cage

(1) such that

the first contact spring (6) at its first end (9) in the interior (8) on an inner wall (10) of the spring cage (1) with the spring cage (1) is releasably connected and at its second end (11) by the spring force charged in

the first contact spring (6) with spring force

(3) is clamped, and

Inner wall (10) of the spring cage (1) can be stored.