WO2012116468A1 - 按色度和视觉保真原则传送及显示图像的方法 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
- H04N9/646—Circuits for processing colour signals for image enhancement, e.g. vertical detail restoration, cross-colour elimination, contour correction, chrominance trapping filters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/462—Computing operations in or between colour spaces; Colour management systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/463—Colour matching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/465—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters taking into account the colour perception of the eye; using tristimulus detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/50—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors
- G01J3/506—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using electric radiation detectors measuring the colour produced by screens, monitors, displays or CRTs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
- H04N9/67—Circuits for processing colour signals for matrixing
Definitions
- the invention is a method for transmitting and displaying images according to the principle of chroma fidelity and visual fidelity created to ensure accurate reproduction of images, belonging to the field of electronic image transmission and display technology, and the main application objects are televisions, computers, mobile phones. Designed and manufactured in the field of electronic image transmission and display devices, color management systems, television/multimedia computer systems and related integrated devices.
- Color digital TV or multimedia computer systems all require fidelity image display support.
- the widely used digital TV and computer-integrated multimedia computer system has more advantages, and it will become an important part of the information infrastructure. Play a role in home, business, medical, publishing, tactical displays, satellite imagery and industrial facilities.
- the correct display of the image is based on the correct processing of the color information, the distorted color information will only produce a distorted image, therefore, the image display and transmission technology developed on the basis of TV display technology must carry out some aspects in the color reproduction technology.
- Fundamental changes can adapt to the actual needs of HDTV, computer graphics and the diversification of displays, digital TV and computer integration. The changes mentioned here mainly include: 1.
- the difficulties encountered in describing the display chromaticity have been hindered.
- the 525-line television system creates a true colorimetric standard that also makes the display's hue not as expressive as a color photo.
- the reason is that the channel non-independence of the primary color is the primary factor.
- the commonly used GOG and PLCC models do not make the primary color channel truly independent; for example, people have long recognized that the Doppler effect causes the light wave to red-shift, but However, it does not recognize the damage caused by the red shift to the channel independence and the information distortion caused by the television image, aerial image and medical image. 2.
- the spatial non-independence of the primary color also damages the correct reproduction of the electronic image.
- Equations that use the principle of linear superposition to synthesize color are incapable of eliminating chrominance distortion caused by spatial non-independence, for example:
- the gray signal changes from small to large, the displayed color does not have the same chromaticity on the CIE-xy chromaticity diagram.
- Coordinates; 3, after gamma correction, only the seven colors of T, white, red, green, and blue, and their complementary colors such as cyan, magenta, and yellow are not affected by the nonlinearity of the display.
- the present invention believes that the solution is to avoid the approximation algorithm that does not conform to the principle of colorimetry and cause error accumulation, in that the method of solving the problem must conform to the principle of color management, otherwise, digital television and computer images
- the inherent chrominance distortion will also be preserved, resulting in a high-definition digital image name that is not true, because improving image resolution does not help to improve chaotic chrominance processing.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive solution for the above problems, which is generally applicable to television display and computer display; therefore, the present invention never uses a linear method to approximate nonlinear color problems, but creates some Uncomplicated nonlinear equations, in addition to the gray calibration equations, the color processing methods applied in real time are one or quadratic functions that can be calculated by analytical methods.
- the purpose of this equation is to derive the XYZ-r v 'g v 'b v ' ⁇ cWgd b gamma correction equation based on it.
- This equation calculates the corresponding three primary color quantities r, g, b according to the given tristimulus value XYZ, and obtains the driving values d r , d g , d b showing XYZ via r, g, b , which are characterized by:
- the gray kernel parameters ⁇ g v and b v are parameters associated with white balance and gamma correction with reference base color quantity attributes, which, in combination with the color form retention parameter ⁇ , can make the color before and after the conversion reach the hue, The overall color appearance is unchanged, but the image obtained by this equation is darker, so this equation must be further equipped with gamma correction.
- the conversion equation has three similar formats: r v gb, "9 and "91) timber, which are all quadratic equations, and the three equations
- the color space is divided into three regions for conversion calculation, and the root A )( (glg.1z +1r—- ()())()() g,, g 111b rlz + r1z1—-————
- XYZ is the tristimulus value of the color to be converted, the value is known, the parameters r, g, b represent the three unknown primary color quantities, r, g, b are the driving values d respectively , d g , d b are power functions of the independent variable.
- Liu's primary color clamp equation and Liu's gray calibration equation are used as tools to obtain their values by characterization method.
- XwYwZw and X k Y k Z k in the equation The measured tristimulus values of the white point and the black point of the display respectively, ⁇ , ⁇ , XgYgZg.
- X b Y b Z b respectively represent the measured three stimuli of red, green and blue primary colors when cl t , dg , d b have maximum values
- X m YmZ m and XyYyZy correspond to the maximum value of Cl r , Clg and d b respectively, by (dg
- the parameters r v , g character, b v are named gray kernel parameters, and their meanings are: When a color is synthesized by using three primary colors, the primary color with the least content is combined with the other two primary colors to form a gray component of the color.
- the least content component can be regarded as the gray core of the color. If the red primary color is "the minimum of r, g, b, then r becomes the gray core of the color, and is represented by r v , and so on, if There are two colors, the least amount of the primary colors are g and b, respectively, then their grey kernels are represented by g v and b v respectively.
- the gray kernel parameters and r, g, b have the same function expression, both The only difference is that:
- the gray kernel parameter is the primary color of the three primary colors, which is calculated based on the gray component content of the color XYZ, and is passed to the equation using the calculated known value, each conversion
- the equation contains only one gray kernel parameter; if the gray content in the color XYZ is represented by the parameter p v , then the magnitude of p v is proportional to the size of the gray kernel, and the method of calculating p v will be described later.
- the equation has three unknown variables: the other two primary color quantity parameters except the gray kernel and the color appearance maintaining parameter ⁇ .
- ⁇ is an important parameter, named as the color appearance maintaining parameter, due to the interaction of the parameter ⁇ and the gray kernel parameter. , to ensure that the drive values obtained after the conversion ⁇ d g , d b can reproduce the hue of XYZ, which is beyond the linear conversion equation.
- the parameter ⁇ is also an interface parameter, which can still be maintained when the system V is not equal to 1. The hue and chroma characteristics of the reproduced color are unchanged.
- XYZ_r v 'g v 'b v ' ⁇ d, d g d b gamma correction equation based on the new principle:
- the main function of the gamma correction equation is to obtain the inverse gamma numerical solution of the known color XYZ And the driving value d "dgd b corresponding to XYZ', so that the display shows an image with a suitable hue.
- XYZ-rv'gv'bv'-drdgdb gamma correction equation is in XYZ - r v g v b v - d"
- the gamma correction function is added to the d g d b color space conversion equation.
- the spatial transformation equation corresponds.
- the gamma correction equation also has three quadratic equations of r v gb, rg v b and 1 ⁇ . The three equations are listed in turn below:
- the parameter p v is the gray amount parameter mentioned above, which represents the gray content in the color XYZ. Comparing g v , b v and r v ', g ', they are all functions that drive the value d v as an independent variable. The exponents of the power functions are reciprocal to each other. Obviously, this is a new form of gamma correction, and the primary color amount rgb refers to the amount of display primary colors directly related to the color rendering characteristics of the display.
- the gray-nuclear parameter rg' embodies the principle of ensuring the reproduction of the gray component, and the color-maintaining parameter ⁇ satisfies the condition of the chromaticity fidelity, and is also the condition that the brightness is proportional and the contrast is equal.
- the values of the gamma values VfpVpd , VgpVpd , and VbpVpd need to be obtained by the characterization method, and the characterization method will be described later.
- the 'red shift phenomenon' in the media is a special form of the Doppler effect.
- the image or medical image transmitted by the aircraft or the radio will appear red-shifted, and the color modulated by the nonlinear medium will also produce a red shift.
- Phenomenon due to the existence of 'red shift phenomenon', the hue of the base color does not remain constant when the drive value is changed.
- the variation of the hue of the base color destroys the independent nature of the base color;
- the drive value is changed at equal intervals between 0 and 1, and then the color of each display is measured.
- the raw parametric model as a tool can give r v , g v , b v , r v gb v 'channel independent characteristics, and then maintain parameters through r v , g v , b v , r v gb v ' and color appearance the interaction, XYZ-r v g v b v ⁇ d 'dgd b color space conversion equation and XYZ- r v' g v 'b v' - (the amount of color rgb Wgd b gamma correction parameter equation is also given Channel independent features.
- X, Z are two of the three stimulus values X, ⁇ , ⁇ measured on the display;
- X k , Y k , z k correspond to the screen color when the digital drive value is zero,
- X s , Y s , Z s correspond to the primary tristimulus values actually measured on the screen when the digital drive value is 255.
- the parameters ⁇ , a t are variable parameters, ⁇ is called the color appearance retention coefficient, a t is called the clamp base color quantity, and Y is called the base color clamp brightness.
- the basic color clamp equation plays the role of: as the reference hue of the primary color when the drive value is 255, then the primary color amount 3 ⁇ 4 determined by the primary color clamp equation is consistent with the reference hue, and the luminance is ⁇ .
- the color represented is not equal to the measured tristimulus values X, ⁇ , ⁇ , but ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ , and the color represented by the base color amount a t is always consistent with the hue of the unit base color amount.
- the following three parameter expressions derived from the basic color clamp equation are written:
- the beneficial effects of the basic color clamp equation and its derived parameters The calculation formula of the clamp brightness ⁇ can be derived from the basic color clamp equation.
- Yt is the data required to calculate the amount of clamp base color 3 ⁇ 4.
- the product of the color appearance retention coefficient ⁇ and the clamp luminance Y t is the clamp base color amount 3, which has the brightness value.
- the use of ⁇ is multi-faceted.
- the main purpose is to separate the red-shift component and display different wavelengths.
- the relative red shift amount of the primary color refers to the fundamental color equation having the upper column format as the Liu's primary color equation.
- a new mathematical model for calculating the base color of a reference Use After the specification of the clamp equation, the clamp base color amount 3 ⁇ 4 has become a hue independent, the brightness is the entrance color, although ⁇ 1 ⁇ 4 is a certain amount that can be described by the model, but the base color amount a t is excellent. The attribute is still insufficient, and the baseline color amount a obtained by the evolution can make the base color quantity parameter obtain better three-dimensional attributes: the determined hue, the determined chromaticity coordinate ratio, and the removal of the 'red shift phenomenon' caused by the base color brightness shift s
- the following is a model for calculating the amount of red, green, and blue primary colors:
- r, g, b respectively represent the primary color quantities of the red, green, and blue primary colors
- the measured luminance values of the red, green, and blue primary colors on the screen, ⁇ tr , Y tg , and Y tb are the clamped luminances of the three primary colors, respectively.
- the beneficial effects of the primary color amount model has the following Features:
- the reference base color quantity represented by ", g, b and the unit base color quantity have a consistent hue, and the chroma is determined by the measured X, Z value and the clamp brightness value ⁇ , and the brightness is equal to the clamp brightness value 1 ⁇ 4,
- the measured brightness Y contains a red-shift component, which is not the brightness of the primary color amount a, and Y t is the 'pure' primary color brightness.
- the Liu's primary color quantity model can obtain the 'pure', spatial coordinate data determined by the spatial coordinates, so that The base color obtains good independence, and the present invention calls this new primary color amount model a Liu's primary color quantity model.
- the gray calibration equation can be used to decompose the white point-adapted neutral gray into three component base colors.
- the 'space non-independence' of the primary color mixture is also a problem that must be solved.
- the traditional based color superposition The linear equation of the principle cannot rule out the 'space non-independence' causing color distortion.
- XYZ—“ v g — drd g d b color space conversion equation is a nonlinear transformation equation that can solve the 'space non-independence' Troubled
- the gray kernel parameters r v , g v , b v in this equation are variables that depend on the characteristics of the device and the media, which requires the use of gray calibration equations as a tool, and the 'white point adaptation gray ladder'
- the stimulus value array is used as the reference data to calibrate the gray kernel parameters r v , g v , b v , so that ⁇ g v , b v not only obtain the basic properties of the reference base color amount, but also have relatively independent characteristics in the entire color space, according to
- the three primary colors r v , g v , b v calibrated by the 'white point adaptation gray ladder' also have a valuable characteristic: the gray formed by them is the gray that the vision adapts to the white reference. It was linked to the
- X, ⁇ , ⁇ represent the tristimulus values of the colors to be matched
- X W Y W Z W , X k Y k Z k are the measured three-shot values of the white point and the black point of the display, respectively
- ⁇ , XgYg, X b Y b Z b respectively represent the measured tristimulus values of the red, green and blue primary colors when the driving values A, d g and d b take the maximum value
- XJeZc corresponds to the maximum value of dg and d b (dg+d b ) simultaneously drives the tristimulus values of the obtained cyan
- Xm, Y m , Z m correspond to the intercolor obtained by ( +d b ) simultaneously when
- variable parameters r x , r y , r z , g x , g y , g z , b x , b y , b z at the right end of the equation are named the channel base color quantities, and they are used to match the left end X-stimulus value of the equation, Y stimulus Value, Z stimulus value, from this point of view, the channel base color quantity has 'channel independent characteristics'.
- the channel primary color amount is not a simple variable, but a function of the primary color quantities r, g, and b, respectively.
- the function format is:
- the reference base color quantity parameter rgb is a common independent variable of the channel basis color quantity function, which makes the three independent channels of XYZ cross-correlated, and the variable rgb has the characteristic of the reference base color quantity, and still maintains its inherent
- the 'primary color independent characteristic' does not affect the independence of the channel primary color quantity due to the change of rgb, completely overcomes the color mixing deviation caused by the traditional primary color superimposed linear equation 'channel non-independence' and 'space non-independence'
- the base color parameters r, g and b are further functions of the drive parameters A, d g , d b , ie the following functional relationships exist:
- the indices in the above functional formula are parameters that depend on the characteristics of the device and the media, and their values need to be determined by characterization methods.
- the present invention refers to this calibration equation as the Liu's gray calibration equation, which can be solved by an iterative method.
- the first step is to adjust the display under the established observation conditions and a certain fixed brightness, and adjust the amplitude of the RGB three primary color signals according to the white color temperature specified by the enterprise, so that the brightest white color of the synthesis reaches the reference white color temperature requirement;
- the third step is to calculate the clamp brightness of the red, green and blue base scales by the clamped brightness model according to the measured tristimulus value of the basic color scale.
- the reference base color amount data, gi , b is calculated according to the clamp luminance values Y w , Y lgi , Y tbl using the Liu's base color amount formula :
- the channel primary color amount data of the three primary colors is calculated.
- the blue primary color is taken as an example for description.
- the other primary colors are analogous: the 41 primary blue primary colors are measured to measure the tristimulus values X bi , Y bl , z b , Substitute the following model to calculate the channel base color quantities b xl , b y , and bz,
- b x , b y , and b z respectively represent the channel primary color of the blue primary color in the X, Y, and ⁇ channels.
- the character b in the above three models can be changed to g; for the red primary color, the character b in the above three formulas can be changed to r.
- the reference base color quantity array of the three primary colors, gi, bi are used as independent variables, and the channel primary color quantity arrays r xi , r yi , r zi are used as the dependent variables for curve fitting, that is, the function of the channel primary color quantity is obtained.
- the reference primary color amount arrays r, gi, and bi of the three primary colors are used as the dependent variables, and the corresponding driving arrays d n and d gi are used as the independent variables to perform curve fitting, that is, the function of the three primary color quantities is as follows.
- Formula and index data :
- the signal is transmitted or compressed. It is worth noting that in the case of a nonlinear device such as a display, the current method of constructing a luminance signal and a color difference signal in the YUV space or the YGC b space cannot be ensured during transmission.
- the principle of constant measurement of color TV does not guarantee that the chrominance information does not affect the brightness information.
- the brightness information in the image details cannot be correctly reproduced, especially Those colors close to the display base color (for example, blue) will produce a significant chroma deviation, which not only degrades the display quality of the image details, but also shifts the hue; the luminance-chrominance segmentation equation provided by the present invention provides information transmission.
- the model can ensure that the luminance information in the transmission is not affected by the chrominance information, and even if the chrominance information is in error, the hue of the transmitted color remains unchanged.
- the equation is a quadratic equation that can be reduced to a simple algebraic equation to accurately and quickly calculate the target parameters.
- the present invention refers to this newly created equation as the Liu's partition equation.
- the format of the Liu's partition equation Like the format of the XYZ-r v g v b v — cWgd b color space conversion equation, the Liu's partition equation also has the following rb, rg v b, “gb v three formats, three equations The converted color space is divided into three regions for segmentation:
- ⁇ Y [( r)(1-b)Y k + r ⁇ -b)Y r + b ⁇ -r)Y b + rbY m ⁇ p v ) + Pv .Y w
- ⁇ y [(1-r)(1-g)y, + r(1-g)y f + g(1-r)y 9 + rgy y ].(1-p v ) + p,-y w
- the usage of the Liu's segmentation equation First, divide the input color XYZ by the white point tristimulus values X w , Y w , Z w , and then select the format of the segmentation equation according to the XYZ after calibration.
- the principle is: If X is a tristimulus value The minimum value among X, Y, and ⁇ , then the XYZ is segmented by the " v gb class division equation. If Y is the minimum value among X, ⁇ , Z, then the XYZ is segmented by the rg v b class division equation. Otherwise, the XYZ is segmented using the rgb v class partitioning equation. a method of generating a 'white point to adapt to the gray scale'
- the second step is to calculate the chromaticity coordinates of the white point: Assume that the white balance color is generated by the drive array [255, 255, 255], and its measured tristimulus value is X w , Yw > Z w , the chromaticity of the white point of the screen The coordinates are x w , yw , then:
- the tristimulus value of the white gray scale is calculated, Y vi , ⁇ ,
- OBJECTIVE To determine the exponential value in the gray kernel power function by characterization and obtain a method for calculating the gray kernel parameter rg ' from the gray quantity parameter ⁇ ⁇ ', which improves the efficiency of the algorithm and prioritizes the correct reproduction of the gray tone. It is very effective.
- the three-primary color arrays matching the gray X vi , Y vi , and ⁇ can be calculated [r v [g funnel'], [bv,] ;
- the three primary color quantities ⁇ g v and b v are expressed as a function of the gray quantity p v :
- the gray quantity [ ⁇ ⁇ 1 is an independent variable array, respectively [r v small [gvi], [b vl ]
- the function of the variable array fitting curve is r v , g v , b v as follows:
- the gray kernel power function format is extended to the primary color quantity parameter ", g, b:
- the gray is the state in which the three primary colors are in gray balance.
- the gray kernel parameter rg v ⁇ ' is expressed as a function of ⁇ ⁇ ': According to the functions of r v , g v , b v , r v ', g v ' with d v as an independent variable can be directly written. , b v 'function:
- the gray kernel power function format is extended to the primary color quantity parameter ", g, b:
- the gray is the state in which the three primary colors are in gray balance.
- the gray driving value d v d b when the three primary colors are matched with non-white light, the three primary colors are out of balance, and the assigned color leaves white to present color. Since the gray kernel is actually the smallest component among the three primary colors, the function rg derived above can be used.
- v ', b v ' and the grey drive numerical function d v are generalized to the general form, ie in the XYZ - r v 'g v 'b v ' ⁇ W g d b gamma correction equation, the variables ", g, b and Dg, d b have the function format shown below:
- the TV image captured by the camera or the color image information captured by the digital camera needs to be sent to the receiving end.
- the traditional method is to complete the luminance-chroma separation in the YUV or YC r C b color space according to the concept of the transmission primary color proposed by Howells.
- the gamma-corrected primary color voltage constitutes a luminance voltage signal and a color difference voltage signal for transmission.
- this method is relatively simple, the display system is nonlinear, and the principle of constant brightness of the color television is destroyed, which impairs the image display quality.
- the SMPTE standard strongly requires all camera manufacturers to install a nonlinear conversion circuit defined by mathematical precision.
- the present invention proposes a new method for constructing luminance and color difference information, which can be used as a camera. Design the mathematical and colorimetric basis of the nonlinear conversion circuit; in computer graphics display, this method should also be used to construct JPEG files.
- the first step is to write a standard matrix equation that converts the three primary color signals into standard tristimulus values.
- the standard matrix equation for converting the three primary color signals into standard tristimulus values can be found in the relevant standards. Shown as follows:
- the non-linear method of constructing luminance information and color difference information of the present invention is not based on the primary color voltage value, but the luminance signal and the color difference signal are constructed according to the standard tristimulus values corresponding to the three primary color signals of the imaging end, because For different types of displays, it is most common to pass color information with standard tristimulus values.
- the standard tristimulus value is equivalent to the PCS color space in color management.
- the method of constructing luminance information and color difference information with three primary color voltage values is The goal of 'making the same color as both current and future displays' is not achieved.
- the first step in constructing the luminance information and the color difference information is to use the three primary color voltage value signals of the camera color.
- RGB is substituted into the above standard matrix equation to calculate the standard XYZ value
- the second step calculate the three primary colors of red, green, and blue primary colors, secondary color cyan, magenta, yellow, and other T white and black dots, these 8
- the color coordinates of the color have such characteristics in turn: two color coordinate values in RGB are equal to 0, one color coordinate value in RGB is equal to 0, and three color coordinate values are equal to or equal to 0, and these eight cases are Color Entering the matrix equation above, you can calculate the tristimulus values of the eight basic display colors ⁇ Y ei Zerj,
- the Liu's segmentation equation is selected, and the XYZ is divided into two parts: the luminance signal and the color difference signal.
- the format of the segmentation equation of the camera is as follows:
- Step 4 In order to calculate the chromaticity components X t and ⁇ heading disturb in the colors X, ⁇ , ⁇ , the Liu's segmentation equation can be rewritten into an equivalent linear equation format.
- the equivalent linear expression is as follows, referred to as linear Liu Division equation:
- the right end of the equal sign indicates that the colors X, ⁇ , and z are divided into two parts of a luminance component and a color difference component.
- the first step is to calculate the color difference components X t , 1 ⁇ 4, ⁇ ,:
- the chromaticity coordinates x t and y t of the color difference components X t , Y, and Z t are calculated, and the calculation method is as follows:
- the segmentation equation ensures that the shooting color XYZ is transmitted to the display end with a constant hue, constant brightness, and constant chromaticity coordinate ratio.
- the tristimulus value XYZ can be restored by the following Liu's restoration equation based on the received chromaticity coordinates Xi, 3 ⁇ 4 and the gray amount Pe information:
- the present invention proposes a gamma correction method common to different types of displays, which combines with the color appearance maintaining parameter ⁇ to enable the reproduced color to receive both chrominance fidelity and visual fidelity. .
- the second step can write the brightness equation of the camera as follows:
- the third step is to calculate the gray quantity array according to the gray brightness array [Y ei ] [ Pe let ), you can calculate the gray quantity array of the camera [ Pei j;
- the [ ⁇ ' ] array is used as the dependent variable
- the i Pei ] array is used as the independent variable for data fitting.
- a new function will be obtained. In order to avoid the repetition of the symbol and cause misunderstanding, the new function will be fitted.
- the function p u expresses the mapping relationship between the gray amount p e of the image transmitting end and the gray quantity ⁇ ' of the display end, that is, the function Pu is used as the communication transmitting end and receiving
- the numerical value rgb can be calculated by inserting the numerical value into the XYZ-" v 'g v 'b v ' ⁇ Wgd b gamma correction flow meter of the actual application:
- the driving values ⁇ , dg, and d b can be calculated according to the primary color amount value rgb ; when the display is driven by d g , d b
- Step 1 Adjust the display to the specified standard working state
- Step 2 Determine the sample color to be actually measured: including the red, green, and blue primary color samples and the three primary colors of the same amount of gray samples.
- the driving values of the four scales are from 0 to 255. Display and measurement are performed in order of large order. For these four scales, the input values of the corresponding levels are the same, that is, if the number of stages inputting the drive value is represented by i, red, green, blue, gray, etc.
- the display level of the color sample is represented by i g , i b , i s .
- the third step is to measure and record the tristimulus value XYZ of the sample color
- the clamp luminance value Y tr of the blue primary color is calculated using the following model of the clamp clamp luminance :
- the channel primary color is calculated by the following model:
- b x , b y , and b ⁇ respectively represent the channel primary color of the blue primary color.
- the calculated result is the blue primary color amount array b w , b yi , and the fourth step.
- the reference base color quantity function is constructed by the curve fitting method: using !3 ⁇ 4 as the dependent variable array, and the corresponding driving parameter d bi is used as the independent variable array for data fitting, that is, the power function expression of the reference base color amount is obtained.
- the first step is to convert the gray tristimulus values of 'white-adapted gray scales', Y vi , ⁇ into their primary color component quantities, g vi , b vi using Liu's gray calibration equation ;
- a second step the drive 41 gray values di divided by 255, from the array become normalized d arranged in order from 0 to 1, and: a third step, the luminance values of gray ⁇ tristimulus values with ⁇
- the model p vi (Y vl - Y k ) / (Yw - Yk) is converted into a gray amount ⁇ ⁇ ;
- the base color components r vi , g vi , b vi are the dependent variables, and the white quantity p vi is used as the independent variable for data fitting, and the power function formula of the primary color component quantities r v , g v , b v is obtained as follows Show:
- the second step is to determine ⁇ .
- the segmentation calculation of the XYZ is performed by using the selected segmentation equation to obtain a solution of the gray component quantity p v ;
- the first step is to calibrate the color to be converted XYZ to the white point of the three-point excitation value X W Y W Z W , SP:
- the second step is to determine XoY. Z.
- the conversion of the tristimulus value XYZ is completed by the selected segmentation equation to obtain the solution of the gray quantity p v ;
- the gray kernel value "gb v ' is calculated according to the obtained gray amount ⁇ ⁇ ' for the gamma correction equation, and the following rule is: If the r v gb class division equation is selected, only the value of r v ' is calculated. If the rg v b class partitioning equation is selected, then only the value of b v ' of g v ' is calculated, that is, let:
- the task of the color segmentation equation is performed at the camera end, where the color is divided into gray components and color components.
- the driving values d, d g , 3 ⁇ 4 are calculated according to the calculated r , g v ', b:
- X, ⁇ , Z are scaled to the tristimulus value X W Y W Z W of the white point.
- the third step is to determine Xo ⁇ .
Description
Claims
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CN201180003947.2A CN102870418B (zh) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | 按色度和视觉保真原则传送及显示图像的方法 |
US13/504,105 US20130021528A1 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2011-02-28 | Image Transmission and Display Method Comply with Chromaticity and Visual Fidelity Principle |
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CN110113590A (zh) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-09 | 北京海辰亿华科技有限公司 | 一种图像色彩空间的转换方法及装置 |
CN112581539A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-30 | 合肥泰禾智能科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种灰度调节方法、装置、色选机及计算机可读存储介质 |
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CN116630312A (zh) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-22 | 山东鑫科来信息技术有限公司 | 一种恒力浮动打磨头打磨质量视觉检测方法 |
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