WO2012113293A1 - 双反射面天线 - Google Patents

双反射面天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012113293A1
WO2012113293A1 PCT/CN2012/071077 CN2012071077W WO2012113293A1 WO 2012113293 A1 WO2012113293 A1 WO 2012113293A1 CN 2012071077 W CN2012071077 W CN 2012071077W WO 2012113293 A1 WO2012113293 A1 WO 2012113293A1
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Prior art keywords
reflecting surface
antenna
dual
radome
sub
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PCT/CN2012/071077
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐振宇
王少龙
廖星
肖凌文
郭智力
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface

Definitions

  • Double Reflector Antenna This application claims priority to Chinese Application No. 201120045781.8, entitled “Double Reflector Antenna”, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a dual-reflecting surface antenna. Background technique
  • Microwave communication is a communication system in which a microwave is used as a carrier.
  • an antenna is used to perform a conversion of a guided wave to a radiated wave.
  • the radio frequency signal is converted into electromagnetic wave to space radiation on the transmitting link, and the electromagnetic wave is converted into a radio frequency signal on the receiving link.
  • the structure of the antenna in microwave communication is usually in the form of a parabolic antenna.
  • the common parabolic antenna is divided into a feedforward antenna and a feedforward antenna.
  • 1 is a cross-sectional view of a feedforward antenna in the prior art.
  • the primary lobe pattern of the feedforward antenna is determined by feed 1.
  • the feed 1 is mounted on the focus of the parabolic reflecting surface 2.
  • 2 is a cross-sectional view of a feedforward antenna in the prior art.
  • the primary lobe pattern of the feedforward antenna is determined by a composite feed system composed of a feed 3 and a sub-reflection surface 4.
  • the feed 3 is mounted at the center of the parabolic reflecting surface 5, and the virtual focus of the secondary reflecting surface 4 coincides with the real focus of the parabolic reflecting surface 5.
  • the feed 3 is a primary antenna that radiates electromagnetic waves toward the secondary reflecting surface 4.
  • the parabolic reflecting surface 5 is a passive device that reflects the energy radiated from the feed 3 reflected by the sub-reflecting surface 4, and the reflected beam has a certain directivity and has the same phase in a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction.
  • the secondary reflecting surface 4 is usually formed by spraying metal powder on the surface of the medium.
  • the feed-back antenna structure is an antenna with a double reflection surface, wherein the parabolic reflection surface 5 is a main reflection surface, and the sub-reflection surface 4 is a sub-reflection surface. Therefore, the feedforward antenna can also be called a double reflector antenna.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art dual-reflector antenna.
  • the double-reflecting surface antenna shown in FIG. 3 is based on the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2, and the metal supporting rod 6 is used, and the metal supporting rod 6 is mounted on the parabolic reflecting surface 5 to support the sub-reflecting surface 4, The sub-reflecting surface 4 is fixed above the parabolic reflecting surface 5.
  • four metal support rods 6 can generally be used.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another dual-reflecting surface antenna of the prior art.
  • the double-reflecting surface antenna shown in FIG. 4 is based on the antenna structure shown in FIG. 2, and a dielectric support rod 7 is used, which is supported by connecting the medium support rod 7 above the feed source 3.
  • a radome 8 may be disposed above the parabolic reflecting surface 5.
  • the prior art dual-reflecting surface antenna shown in Fig. 3 uses a metal support rod to block the aperture of the antenna, causing the side lobes to rise and affecting the antenna efficiency.
  • the prior art dual-reflection antenna shown in Fig. 4 uses the dielectric support rod in electrical performance, and the introduction of the medium causes loss and affects the antenna efficiency.
  • the existing two double-reflecting surface antennas have high requirements on the mounting accuracy of the metal support rod 6 or the medium support rod 7. If the installation is not standard, the working efficiency of the hyperboloid antenna is lowered. Summary of the invention
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a double-reflecting surface antenna for solving the defect that the antenna working efficiency is low due to the double-reflecting surface antenna structure in the prior art.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-reflecting surface antenna, including a feed, a main reflecting surface, and a radome, wherein the feeding source is located at a center of the main reflecting surface, and the radome is disposed above the main reflecting surface; A sub-reflecting surface is disposed in a central region of the radome; a virtual focus of the sub-reflecting surface coincides with a real focus of the main reflecting surface.
  • the dual-reflecting surface antenna described above wherein the secondary reflecting surface comprises a parabolic substrate, and a layer of metal powder sprayed on the parabolic substrate in a direction toward the feed.
  • the dual-reflection surface antenna described above wherein a center of the main reflection surface, a center of the sub-reflection surface, and a center of the feed are collinear.
  • the double-reflecting surface antenna described above wherein the main reflecting surface and the sub-reflecting surface are parabolic surfaces, rotating hyperboloids, or elliptical surfaces.
  • the dual-reflecting surface antenna of the embodiment of the present invention by providing a sub-reflecting surface in the central region of the radome, there is no occlusion between the feeding source and the sub-reflecting surface, thereby reducing transmission loss and improving the working efficiency of the hyperbolic antenna, and
  • the double-reflecting surface antenna of the embodiment of the invention has a structural unit. Compared with the prior art, the installation of the metal support rod or the medium support rod is omitted, the installation operation is easier, and the maintenance and disassembly is very convenient.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a feedforward antenna in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a feedforward antenna in the prior art.
  • FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art dual-reflection antenna.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another dual-reflecting surface antenna of the prior art.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dual-reflecting surface antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dual-reflecting surface antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the dual-reflecting surface antenna of this embodiment includes a feed 10, a main reflecting surface 11 and a radome 12, wherein the feeding source 10 is located at the center of the main reflecting surface 11, and the radome 12 is disposed at the main reflecting surface 11.
  • a sub-reflecting surface 13 is provided in a central region of the radome 12; a virtual focal point of the secondary reflecting surface 13 coincides with a real focal point of the main reflecting surface 11.
  • the main reflecting surface 11 and the sub-reflecting surface 13 may each be a paraboloid, a rotating hyperboloid, or an elliptical surface, as long as the virtual focus of the sub-reflecting surface 13 and the real focal point of the main reflecting surface 13 coincide.
  • the main reflecting surface 11 in this embodiment is exemplified by a standard paraboloid.
  • the feed 10 here can be a circular waveguide type feed or a horn shape.
  • the difference between the maximum phase and the minimum phase on the radiation phase pattern of the horn is less than or equal to be regarded as the phase center.
  • the radome 12 is used to protect the feed 10 and the main reflective surface 11 of the dual-reflector antenna from the natural environment.
  • the radome 12 needs to provide a suitable interface to maintain the structure, temperature and air. At the same time as the dynamic characteristics, the radome 12 is required to have minimal impact on the electrical performance of the antenna.
  • the dual-reflection antenna of this embodiment is used as follows:
  • the microwave signal enters the feed 10 from the input 9 of the dual-reflector antenna, and the microwave signal is radiated from the feed 10 through its open aperture 101.
  • the microwave signal is transmitted to the sub-reflecting surface 13 of the central region of the radome 12, since the virtual focus of the secondary reflecting surface 13 coincides with the phase center of the feed 10 at the position A (at the same time, the real focus of the main reflecting surface 11 at the position A)
  • the microwave signal is transmitted to the main reflection surface 11 by one reflection. Since the microwave signal is transmitted from the real focus of the main reflection surface 11, that is, the position A, the microwave signal is reflected from the main reflection surface 11 in the form of a plane wave.
  • the portion of the radome 12 that is not blocked by the sub-reflecting surface is radiated.
  • the dual-reflecting surface antenna of the embodiment by providing a sub-reflecting surface in the central region of the radome, there is no occlusion between the feeding source and the sub-reflecting surface, which can reduce transmission loss and improve the operation of the hyperboloid antenna.
  • the efficiency, and the double-reflecting surface antenna of the embodiment is structurally simple. Compared with the prior art, the installation of the metal support rod or the medium support rod is omitted, the installation operation is easier, and the maintenance and disassembly is very convenient.
  • the radome 12 when the sub-reflecting surface 13 is disposed in the central region of the radome 12, the radome 12 may be directly shaped to form a parabolic shape in the central region of the radome 12.
  • the sub-reflecting surface 13, that is, the sub-reflecting surface 13 and the radome 12 may have an integrated structure.
  • the sub-reflecting surface 13 may be disposed independently of the radome 12 and disposed on the radome 12.
  • the secondary reflecting surface 13 may include a parabolic substrate, and a layer of metal powder sprayed on the parabolic substrate in the direction toward the feed 10 to form the secondary reflecting surface 13.
  • the center of the main reflecting surface at the position of the input end 9 > the center 121 of the sub-reflecting surface and the center of the feed ( For example, the center of the bell mouth) should always be on the same line.
  • the transmission between the feed and the sub-reflecting surface of the double-reflecting surface antenna is not blocked, and the transmission loss can be effectively reduced, and the structure of the double-reflecting surface antenna of the embodiment is simple and easy to disassemble.
  • the double-reflecting surface antenna of this embodiment is easy to implement in the process and has high achievability.
  • the secondary reflecting surface of the double-reflecting surface antenna of the embodiment can be integrated with the radome, which can reduce the material for fabricating the antenna and reduce the cost of fabricating the double-reflecting antenna.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种双反射面天线。该双反射面天线包括馈源、主反射面和天线罩，所述馈源位于所述主反射面的中心，所述天线罩设置在所述主反射面的上方；在所述天线罩的中心区域设置有副反射面；所述副反射面的虚焦点和所述主反射面的实焦点相重合。本发明实施例的双反射面天线，通过在天线罩的中心区域设置副反射面，在馈源和副反射面之间无遮挡，能够减少传输的损耗，提高双曲面天线的工作效率，而且本发明实施例的双反射面天线，结构简单。与现有技术相比，省去金属支撑杆或者介质支撑杆的安装，安装操作更加容易，维修拆卸非常方便。

Description

双反射面天线 本申请要求了 2011年 2月 21 日提交的， 申请号为 201120045781.8 , 名 称为"双反射面天线 "的中国申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请 中。 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域， 尤其涉及一种双反射面天线。 背景技术
微波通信是以微波作为载体的通信系统， 在微波系统中天线用以完成导 行波到辐射波的转换。 具体来说在发射链路上将射频信号转换为电磁波向空 间辐射， 在接收链路上将电磁波转换为射频信号。
微波通信中天线的结构通常采用抛物面天线的形式， 常见的抛物面天线 分为前馈式天线和后馈式天线两种。 图 1为现有技术中的前馈式天线的剖面 图。 如图 1所示， 前馈式天线的初级波瓣图由馈源 1决定。 馈源 1安装在抛物反 射面 2的焦点上。 图 2为现有技术中的后馈式天线的剖面图。 如图 2所示， 后馈 式天线的初级波瓣图由馈源 3及副反射面 4共同构成的复合馈源系统决定。 馈 源 3安装在抛物反射面 5的中心， 副反射面 4的虚焦点与抛物反射面 5的实焦点 重合。 实质上， 在后馈式天线中， 馈源 3就是个初级天线， 朝着副反射面 4辐 射电磁波。 抛物反射面 5是个无源装置， 将经过副反射面 4反射的馈源 3辐射出 的能量进行反射， 反射出的波束具有一定的方向性， 且在与传播方向垂直的 平面上相位相同。 副反射面 4通常采用在介质表面喷涂金属粉形成。 后馈式天 线结构为双反射面的天线， 其中抛物反射面 5为主反射面， 副反射面 4为副射 面。 因此后馈式天线也可以称为双反射面天线。
如图 3 所示为现有技术的一种双反射面天线的剖面图。 为了对副反射面 进行固定， 图 3所示的双反射面天线为在图 2所示的天线结构的基础上， 采 用金属支撑杆 6,通过将金属支撑杆 6安装在抛物反射面 5上支撑副反射面 4, 以将副反射面 4固定在抛物反射面 5上方。 例如通常可以采用四根金属支撑 杆 6。 如图 4所示为现有技术的另一种双反射面天线的剖面图。 如图 4所示， 图 4所示的双反射面天线为在图 2所示的天线结构的基础上， 采用了介质支 撑杆 7, 通过将介质支撑杆 7连接在馈源 3上方， 以支撑位于介质支撑杆 7上 方的副反射面 4。如图 4所示， 在抛物反射面 5的上方还可以设置一个天线罩 8。
现有技术中至少存在如下问题： 图 3 所示现有技术的双反射面天线， 采 用的金属支撑杆对天线口径形成遮挡， 造成副瓣的抬升， 影响天线效率。 图 4 所示现有技术的双反射面天线， 采用了介质支撑杆在电性能上， 介质的引入 造成损耗， 影响天线效率。 而且现有的两种双反射面天线， 对金属支撑杆 6 或者介质支撑杆 7安装精度要求较高， 若安装不标准会导致双曲面天线的工 作效率降低。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种双反射面天线， 用以解决现有技术中双反射面天 线结构导致天线的工作效率较低的缺陷。
本发明实施例提供一种双反射面天线， 包括馈源、 主反射面和天线罩， 所述馈源位于所述主反射面的中心， 所述天线罩设置在所述主反射面的上 方； 在所述天线罩的中心区域设置有副反射面； 所述副反射面的虚焦点和所 述主反射面的实焦点相重合。
上述所述的双反射面天线， 其中所述副反射面与所述天线罩集成为一体 化结构。
上述所述的双反射面天线， 其中所述副反射面包括抛物面基底， 以及在 所述抛物面基底上朝向馈源的方向上喷涂的一层金属粉。 上述所述的双反射面天线， 其中所述主反射面的中心、 所述副反射面的 中心和所述馈源的中心共线。
上述所述的双反射面天线， 其中所述主反射面和所述副反射面为抛物 面、 旋转双曲面、 或者橢圓面。
本发明实施例的双反射面天线， 通过在天线罩的中心区域设置副反射 面， 在馈源和副反射面之间无遮挡， 能够减少传输的损耗， 提高双曲面天线 的工作效率， 而且本发明实施例的双反射面天线， 结构筒单。 与现有技术相 比， 省去金属支撑杆或者介质支撑杆的安装， 安装操作更加容易， 维修拆卸 非常方便。 附图说明 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一筒单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在 不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为现有技术中的前馈式天线的剖面图。
图 2为现有技术中的后馈式天线的剖面图。
图 3为现有技术的一种双反射面天线的剖面图。
图 4为现有技术的另一种双反射面天线的剖面图。
图 5为本发明实施例提供的双反射面天线的剖面图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
图 5为本发明实施例提供的双反射面天线的剖面图。 如图 5所示， 本实 施例的双反射面天线包括馈源 10、 主反射面 11和天线罩 12, 其中馈源 10位 于主反射面 11的中心， 天线罩 12设置在主反射面 11的上方； 在天线罩 12 的中心区域设置有副反射面 13 ; 副反射面 13的虚焦点和主反射面 11的实焦 点相重合。 其中主反射面 11和副反射面 13均可以为抛物面、 旋转双曲面、 或者橢圓面等形状， 只要副反射面 13的虚焦点和主反射面 13的实焦点相重 合即可。
本实施例中的主反射面 11以采用标准抛物面为例。 这里的馈源 10可以 采用圓波导型馈源， 也可以为喇叭形状。 当以该喇叭的喇叭口内的轴线上的 一点为观测点时， 喇叭的辐射相位方向图上最大相位与最小相位之差小于等 以被认为是相位中心， 详细可以参考现有技术， 在此不再赘述。 天线罩 12用 以保护双反射面天线中的馈源 10和主反射面 11免受自然环境不利因素影响 的罩壳， 天线罩 12需要在提供了一个适宜的分界面以便保持结构、 温度和空 气动力特征的同时， 要求天线罩 12对天线的电气性能影响最小。
本实施例的双反射面天线的使用过程如下： 微波信号从双反射面天线的 输入端 9进入馈源 10, 由馈源 10通过其开放的口径面 101将微波信号辐射出 去。 微波信号被传输到天线罩 12中心区域的副反射面 13 , 由于副反射面 13 的虚焦点与馈源 10的相位中心重合在位置 A处（同时位置 A处也为主反射 面 11的实焦点 ) , 微波信号经一次反射传输到主反射面 11 , 由于微波信号是 从主反射面 11的实焦点即位置 A处传输过来的， 因此微波信号将以平面波的 形式从主反射面 11反射出来， 经过天线罩 12没有被副反射面遮挡的部分辐 射出去。
本实施例的双反射面天线， 通过在天线罩的中心区域设置副反射面， 在 馈源和副反射面之间无遮挡， 能够减少传输的损耗， 提高双曲面天线的工作 效率， 而且本实施例的双反射面天线， 结构筒单。 与现有技术相比， 省去金 属支撑杆或者介质支撑杆的安装， 安装操作更加容易， 维修拆卸非常方便。
需要说明的是， 在上述技术方案的基础上， 其中在天线罩 12的中心区域 设置副反射面 13的时候， 可以直接对天线罩 12赋形， 以在天线罩 12的中心 区域形成抛物面形状的副反射面 13 , 即副反射面 13和天线罩 12可以为一体 化结构。
需要说明的是， 在上述技术方案的基础上， 副反射面 13可以与天线罩 12 为相互独立的结构， 设置在天线罩 12上。 例如副反射面 13可以包括抛物面 基底， 以及在抛物面基底上朝向馈源 10的方向上喷涂的一层金属粉， 从而形 成副反射面 13。
需要说明的是， 如图 5所示， 上述实施例的双反射面天线在安装使用时， 主反射面的中心 (在输入端 9的位置处>副反射面的中心 121和馈源的中心（例 如喇叭口的中心）要始终保持在同一直线上。
采用上述实施例的技术方案， 双反射面天线的馈源和副反射面之间无遮 挡， 能够有效地减少传输损耗， 且本实施例的双反射面天线的结构筒单， 维 修拆卸方便。 另外， 本实施例的双反射面天线在工艺上容易实现， 具有较高 的可实现性。 而且本实施例的双反射面天线的副反射面可以和天线罩一体化 设计， 能够减少天线的制作材料， 降低制作双反射面天线的成本。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1、 一种双反射面天线， 包括馈源、 主反射面和天线罩， 所述馈源位于所述 主反射面的中心， 所述天线罩设置在所述主反射面的上方； 其特征在于， 在所 述天线罩的中心区域设置有副反射面； 所述副反射面的虚焦点和所述主反射面 的实焦点相重合。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的双反射面天线， 其特征在于， 所述副反射面与所 述天线罩集成为一体化结构。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的双反射面天线， 其特征在于， 所述副反射面包括 抛物面基底， 以及在所述抛物面基底上朝向馈源的方向上喷涂的一层金属粉。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3任一所述的双反射面天线， 其特征在于， 所述主反射 面的中心、 所述副反射面的中心和所述馈源的中心共线。
5、 根据权利要求 1-3任一所述的双反射面天线， 其特征在于， 所述主反射 面和所述副反射面为抛物面、 旋转双曲面、 或者橢圓面。
PCT/CN2012/071077 2011-02-21 2012-02-13 双反射面天线 Ceased WO2012113293A1 (zh)

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