WO2012111824A1 - Module de piles à combustible - Google Patents

Module de piles à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012111824A1
WO2012111824A1 PCT/JP2012/053871 JP2012053871W WO2012111824A1 WO 2012111824 A1 WO2012111824 A1 WO 2012111824A1 JP 2012053871 W JP2012053871 W JP 2012053871W WO 2012111824 A1 WO2012111824 A1 WO 2012111824A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
storage chamber
oxidant
flow path
fuel cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/053871
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
暁 山本
水野　康
Original Assignee
Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社
Priority to JP2012558046A priority Critical patent/JPWO2012111824A1/ja
Publication of WO2012111824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012111824A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
    • H01M8/0631—Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cell module.
  • a conventional fuel cell module in which a reformer and a cell stack are housed in a fuel cell casing shown in Patent Document 1.
  • the fuel cell housing includes a storage chamber for storing the reformer and the cell stack, an exhaust gas channel formed outside the storage chamber, an oxidant channel formed outside the exhaust gas channel, An oxidant supply member extending downward from the upper oxidant flow path toward the storage chamber is provided.
  • the exhaust gas flow path is formed on the side of the storage chamber, through which the exhaust gas containing heat generated by the cell stack during power generation and / or heat generated from the combustion portion at the upper end of the cell stack passes downward, And a portion for collecting exhaust gas at the lower side and discharging it out of the system.
  • the oxidant supply member is disposed so as to enter a gap between the cell stacks arranged in a direction parallel to the power generation unit installation surface on which the power generation unit including the cell stack is installed and orthogonal to the cell stacking direction, A through hole is provided at the tip so as to supply the oxidant to each cell stack from the gap.
  • the heat generated by the cell stack during power generation and the heat generated from the combustion part at the upper end of the cell stack contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the module are effectively exchanged in the housing. Used.
  • the heat of exhaust gas cannot be used sufficiently effectively, and it has been required to improve the efficiency of heat exchange (see, for example, FIG. 8).
  • the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell module that can effectively use the heat of exhaust gas.
  • a fuel cell module is a fuel cell module comprising a cell stack that generates power using a hydrogen-containing gas and an oxidant, and a housing that houses the cell stack, A storage chamber for storing the cell stack; and an exhaust gas passage formed outside the storage chamber for circulating the exhaust gas discharged from the cell stack.
  • the exhaust gas passage is formed at a side of the storage chamber.
  • a first exhaust gas passage for allowing the exhaust gas to pass downward, and an exhaust gas from the first exhaust gas passage formed in the heat receiving body storage chamber formed below the storage chamber and in which the heat receiving body is disposed.
  • a second exhaust gas passage for allowing the exhaust gas to pass through, an inlet portion for collecting the exhaust gas and flowing into the second exhaust gas passage, and an exhaust portion for collecting the exhaust gas and exhausting it from the second exhaust gas passage.
  • the heat receiving body formed below the storage chamber by passing the exhaust gas downward on the side of the storage chamber of the cell stack by the first exhaust gas flow path. Lead to the second exhaust gas flow path in the storage chamber. Since the heat receiving body is disposed in the heat receiving body storage chamber in which the second exhaust gas flow path is formed, heat exchange can be performed between the exhaust gas and the heat receiving body. Thereby, since the water vaporization part can be heated with exhaust gas, the heat
  • the exhaust gas passage has an inlet portion that collects exhaust gas and flows into the second exhaust gas passage, and an exhaust portion that collects exhaust gas and exhausts it from the second exhaust gas passage.
  • the exhaust gas passing through the first exhaust gas flow path is collected in the inlet portion in the second exhaust gas flow It flows into the passage and flows so as to pass at least between the inlet portion and the exhaust portion in the second exhaust gas passage. Therefore, by increasing the distance between the inlet portion and the exhaust portion, it is possible to increase the time during which the exhaust gas contacts the heat receiving body. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust gas and the heat receiving body is increased, and the heat of the exhaust gas can be used effectively.
  • the heat of exhaust gas can be used effectively.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fuel cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing along the II-II line
  • the fuel cell module 1 generates power using a reformer 2 that generates a hydrogen-containing gas HG using a hydrogen-containing fuel, and a hydrogen-containing gas HG and an oxidant OX.
  • a cell stack 3 a water vaporization unit 4 that generates water vapor supplied to the reformer 2 by vaporizing water, and a housing 6 that houses the reformer 2, the cell stack 3, and the water vaporization unit 4 .
  • a housing for storing auxiliary equipment such as a pump and control equipment is provided below the fuel cell module 1.
  • hydrocarbon fuel a compound containing carbon and hydrogen in the molecule (may contain other elements such as oxygen) or a mixture thereof is used.
  • hydrocarbon fuels include hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and biofuels. These hydrocarbon fuels are derived from conventional fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal, and synthetic systems such as synthesis gas. Those derived from fuel and those derived from biomass can be used as appropriate. Specific examples of hydrocarbons include methane, ethane, propane, butane, natural gas, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), city gas, town gas, gasoline, naphtha, kerosene, and light oil. Examples of alcohols include methanol and ethanol. Examples of ethers include dimethyl ether. Examples of biofuels include biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel, and biojet.
  • oxygen-enriched air for example, air, pure oxygen gas (which may contain impurities that are difficult to remove by a normal removal method), or oxygen-enriched air is used.
  • the reformer 2 generates a reformed gas as the hydrogen-containing gas HG using the supplied hydrogen-containing fuel.
  • the reformer 2 reforms the hydrogen-containing fuel by a reforming reaction using a reforming catalyst to generate a reformed gas as the hydrogen-containing gas HG.
  • the reforming method in the reformer 2 is not particularly limited, and for example, steam reformer partial oxidation reforming, autothermal reforming, and other reforming methods can be employed.
  • the reformer 2 is disposed on the upper side of the cell stack 3 so as to be heated by combustion heat described later.
  • the off-gas (unreacted reformed gas) of the hydrogen-containing gas HG introduced to the fuel electrode side of the cell stack 3 is unreacted among oxidants such as air introduced to the oxidant electrode side such as the air electrode. Combusted together with oxygen (unreacted oxidant gas), the reformer 2 is heated by this combustion heat. The reformer 2 supplies the hydrogen-containing gas HG to the fuel electrode of the cell stack 3.
  • the cell stack 3 has a stack of a plurality of cells called SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cells). Each cell is configured by disposing an electrolyte that is a solid oxide between a fuel electrode and an oxidant electrode.
  • the electrolyte is made of, for example, yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) or the like, and conducts oxide ions at a high temperature.
  • the fuel electrode is made of, for example, a mixture of nickel and YSZ, and reacts oxide ions with hydrogen in the hydrogen-containing gas HG to generate electrons and water.
  • the oxidant electrode is made of, for example, lanthanum strontium manganite and reacts oxygen and electrons in the oxidant OX to generate oxide ions.
  • the cell stacks 3 are arranged in two rows on the upper surface of the pedestal 7 so as to face a direction parallel to the power generation unit installation surface on which the power generation unit including the cell stack 3 is installed and orthogonal to the stacking direction of each cell. Be placed.
  • the cell stacks 3 may be arranged in a line.
  • the two cell stacks 3 constitute a power generation unit of the fuel cell module 1.
  • the one cell stack 3 constitutes a power generation unit of the fuel cell module 1
  • the three or more cell stacks 3 are fuel cell modules. 1 power generation unit is configured.
  • the first bottom wall portion 18 corresponds to the power generation unit installation surface on which the power generation unit is installed.
  • the cell stack 3 should just be what connected several cells, and the shape of a cell is not specifically limited, The shape which can be laminated
  • the cell stack 3 that is a cell stack will be described as an example, and the “cell connecting direction” will be referred to as the “stacking direction” and will be described below.
  • the base 7 and the reformer 2 are connected by a pipe 8.
  • the hydrogen-containing gas HG supplied from the reformer 2 is supplied to each cell of the cell stack 3 via the pedestal 7.
  • the hydrogen-containing gas HG and the oxidant OX that have not reacted in the cell stack 3 are burned in the combustion section 9 at the top of the cell stack 3.
  • the reformer 2 is heated by the off-gas fuel in the combustion section 9 and exhaust gas EG is generated.
  • the water vaporization unit 4 generates water vapor supplied to the reformer 2 by heating and vaporizing the supplied water.
  • the water vapor generated in the water vaporization unit 4 passes through the first bottom wall 18 and uses a pipe (not shown) connecting the water vaporization unit 4 and the reformer 2 to the reformer 2. Supplied to.
  • heat generated in the fuel cell module 1 such as recovering heat of the reformer 2, heat of the combustion unit 9, or heat of the exhaust gas EG may be used.
  • the water vaporization part 4 is arrange
  • the housing 6 is a rectangular parallelepiped metal box having an internal space for housing the reformer 2, the cell stack 3, and the water vaporization unit 4.
  • the housing 6 is formed outside the storage chamber 11 that stores the cell stack 3, the exhaust chamber 12 that passes the exhaust gas EG due to the combustion of off-gas from the cell stack 3, and the oxidant OX.
  • a heat receiving body storage chamber 60 in which the water vaporization unit 4 as a heat receiving body is disposed is formed below the storage chamber 11.
  • the direction along the stacking direction of each cell of the cell stack 3 is defined as the “length direction D1” of the housing 6 and the horizontal direction (the power generation unit in which the power generation unit including the cell stack 3 is installed)
  • the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction of each cell in the direction parallel to the installation surface is defined as the “width direction D2” of the casing 6
  • the vertical direction is defined as the “vertical direction D3” of the casing 6.
  • the storage chamber 11 is formed inside the first side wall portions 16 and 17 facing each other in the width direction D2 and the first bottom wall portion 18 connected to the respective lower end portions of the first side wall portions 16 and 17.
  • the pedestal 7 is disposed on the first bottom wall portion 18.
  • a heat insulating material may be disposed between the first bottom wall portion 18 and the pedestal 7.
  • the upper end of the storage chamber 11 is open.
  • the heat receiving body storage chamber 60 is formed inside the first bottom wall portion 18, the second bottom wall portion 24, and the second side wall portions 21 and 22.
  • the exhaust gas flow path 12 is above the second side wall parts 21 and 22 disposed on the outside of the first side wall parts 16 and 17 and the upper end parts of the first side wall parts 16 and 17 in the width direction D2.
  • the first upper wall portion 23 is disposed, and the second bottom wall portion 24 is disposed below the first bottom wall portion 18.
  • the first upper wall portion 23 is connected to the upper end portions of the second side wall portions 21 and 22, and the second bottom wall portion 24 is connected to the lower end portions of the second side wall portions 21 and 22.
  • the second side wall parts 21 and 22 are arranged so as to be spaced apart from the first side wall parts 16 and 17.
  • the first upper wall portion 23 is spaced from the upper end portion of the storage chamber 11 and is disposed so as to face an opening portion formed at the upper end portion of the storage chamber 11.
  • the second bottom wall portion 24 is disposed so as to be spaced apart from the first bottom wall portion 18.
  • the exhaust gas passage 12 includes exhaust gas passages 12A and 12B formed between the upper opening of the storage chamber 11 and the first upper wall portion 23, the second side wall portions 21 and 22, and the first side wall. Formed between the second bottom wall portion 24 and the first bottom wall portion 18, which is formed in the heat receiving body storage chamber 60. Exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F.
  • the exhaust gas passages 12A and 12B guide the exhaust gas EG from the combustion unit 9 to the exhaust gas passages 12C and 12D.
  • the exhaust gas channels 12C and 12D pass the exhaust gas EG downward, and supply the heat of the exhaust gas EG to the oxidant OX flowing through the outer oxidant channels 13C and 13D.
  • the exhaust gas passages 12E and 12F pass the exhaust gas EG toward the exhaust pipe 32 in the horizontal direction (a direction parallel to the power generation unit installation surface on which the power generation unit including the cell stack 3 is installed), and the heat of the exhaust gas EG. It supplies to the water vaporization part 4.
  • the oxidant flow path 13 is disposed above the first side wall parts 23 and the third side wall parts 26 and 27 that are respectively arranged outside the second side wall parts 21 and 22 in the width direction D2.
  • the second upper wall portion 28 and the third bottom wall portion 29 arranged below the second bottom wall portion 24 are formed.
  • the second upper wall portion 28 is connected to the upper end portions of the third side wall portions 26 and 27, and the third bottom wall portion 29 is connected to the lower end portions of the third side wall portions 26 and 27.
  • the third side wall portions 26 and 27 are disposed so as to be opposed to and spaced apart from the second side wall portions 21 and 22.
  • the second upper wall portion 28 is arranged so as to be spaced apart from the first upper wall portion 23.
  • the third bottom wall portion 29 is disposed so as to be spaced apart from the second bottom wall portion 24.
  • the oxidant flow path 13 includes the oxidant flow paths 13A and 13B formed between the second upper wall portion 28 and the first upper wall portion 23, the third side wall portions 26 and 27, and the second Oxidant channels 13C and 13D formed between the side walls 21 and 22 and oxidant channels 13E and 13F extending from the second side walls 21 and 22 toward the first side walls 16 and 17 ( Details will be described later).
  • the oxidant flow paths 13A and 13B pass the oxidant OX from the air supply pipe 31 so as to spread in the horizontal direction (direction parallel to the power generation unit installation surface on which the power generation unit including the cell stack 3 is installed). It leads to the flow paths 13C and 13D.
  • the oxidant channels 13C and 13D allow the oxidant OX to pass downward, and heat the oxidant OX by the heat of the exhaust gas EG flowing through the inner exhaust gas channels 12C and 12D.
  • the oxidant flow paths 13E and 13F allow the oxidant OX to pass from the outside toward the inside in the width direction D2, and guide the oxidant OX to the through holes 47 and 48 formed in the first side wall portions 16 and 17, respectively.
  • the second upper wall portion 28 is provided with an air supply pipe 31 for allowing an oxidant to flow into the oxidant flow path 13 from an oxidant supply portion (not shown). Further, the second bottom wall portion 24 is provided with an exhaust pipe 32 for exhausting the exhaust gas from the exhaust gas passage 12.
  • the side wall portions 16, 17, 21, 22, 26, 27, the upper wall portions 23, 28, and the bottom wall portions 18, 24, 29 extend to the end portions 6a, 6b of the housing 6 in the length direction D1. Yes. End wall portions 33 and 34 are respectively provided at both ends of the casing 6 in the length direction D1.
  • the third side wall portions 26 and 27, the second upper wall portion 28, the third bottom wall portion 29, and the end wall portions 33 and 34 constitute an outer shell of the fuel cell module 1, and are connected to each other at the connection portion. The sealing property is ensured, and the airtightness in the housing 6 is ensured.
  • the hydrogen-containing gas HG generated in the reformer 2 using the hydrogen-containing fuel supplied from the outside and the water vapor from the water vaporization unit 4 flows into the pedestal 7 through the pipe 8, and from the pedestal 7 to the cell stack 3. Supplied to each cell.
  • the hydrogen-containing gas HG flows through the cell stack 3 from below to above, and a part of the hydrogen-containing gas HG is used as an off-gas for combustion in the combustion unit 9.
  • the oxidant OX is supplied from the outside through the air supply pipe 31, and spreads in the horizontal direction (direction parallel to the power generation unit installation surface on which the power generation unit including the cell stack 3 is installed) in the oxidant flow paths 13A and 13B.
  • the oxidant channels 13C and 13D pass downward while being heated by the exhaust gas EG flowing inside.
  • the oxidant OX passes through the oxidant flow paths 13E and 13F, and flows from the second side wall parts 21 and 22 toward the first side wall parts 16 and 17 from the outside to the inside.
  • the oxidant OX passes through the through holes 47 and 48 and is supplied to the cell stack 3, and a part thereof is used for combustion in the combustion unit 9.
  • the exhaust gas EG generated in the combustion unit 9 is guided to the exhaust gas channels 12C and 12D by the exhaust gas channels 12A and 12B, and flows downward through the exhaust gas channels 12C and 12D while supplying heat to the oxidant OX flowing outside. pass.
  • the exhaust gas EG When the exhaust gas EG reaches the bottom, it flows into the exhaust gas channels 12E and 12F, and passes through the exhaust gas channels 12E and 12F while supplying heat to the water vaporization unit 4.
  • the exhaust gas EG that has passed through the exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 32.
  • the fuel cell module 1 can reduce the cost by making the housing 6 a simple structure. Further, the fuel cell module 1 employs a structure that can efficiently perform heat exchange between the exhaust gas EG and the water vaporization unit 4.
  • the housing 6 includes flow path forming portions 40 and 41 that form the oxidant flow paths 13E and 13F from the second side wall portions 21 and 22 toward the first side wall portions 16 and 17, respectively.
  • the through holes 47 and 48 communicating with the oxidant channels 13E and 13F and the storage chamber 11, the inlet 50 for collecting the exhaust gas EG and flowing it into the exhaust gas channels 12E and 12F, and the exhaust gas flow for collecting the exhaust gas EG.
  • an exhaust pipe 32 for exhausting air from the paths 12E and 12F.
  • a perspective view of the structure is shown in FIG. The following description will be given with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. In FIG. 3, only the state on the flow path forming part 40 side is shown, but the flow path forming part 41 side also has the same configuration.
  • a plurality of through holes 47 and 48 are formed along the length direction D1 so that an oxidant can be supplied to each cell in the cell stack 3.
  • the through holes 47 and 48 are arranged so as to overlap with the lower region of the cell stack 3 when viewed from the width direction D2 (see FIG. 2).
  • the through holes 47 and 48 are shown large for explanation.
  • the shape and arrangement pattern of the through holes 47 and 48 may be appropriately changed according to the cell stack 3.
  • the flow path forming units 40 and 41 form the oxidant flow paths 13E and 13F so as to cross the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D in order to supply the oxidant to the cell stack 3 through the through holes 47 and 48. It has a function and a function of forming an inlet portion 50 that collects the exhaust gas EG by closing a part of the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D.
  • the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 are formed at positions corresponding to at least the through holes 47 and 48, and are formed so as not to block the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D in the entire range in the length direction D1.
  • the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 are formed in a rectangular shape in a region below the first side wall portions 16 and 17. Further, the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 extend to the one end portion 6 a on the one end portion 6 a side of the housing 6. On the other end 6b side, it is separated from the other end 6b so as to secure the inlet 50.
  • the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 include openings 42 and 43 formed in the second side wall portions 21 and 22, edge portions of the opening portions 42 and 43, and first side wall portions 16 and 17 of the storage chamber 11. Peripheral wall portions 44 and 46 that connect the two.
  • the openings 42 and 43 are formed at positions facing at least the through holes 47 and 48.
  • the openings 42 and 43 are formed in a rectangular shape in the region below the first side wall portions 16 and 17.
  • the openings 42 and 43 extend to the one end 6a on the one end 6a side of the housing 6 and are separated from the other end 6b on the other end 6b side.
  • the peripheral wall portions 44 and 46 extend substantially vertically from the edge portions of the openings 42 and 43 toward the first side wall portions 16 and 17.
  • the peripheral wall portions 44 and 46 are formed so as to surround the through holes 47 and 48. With such a configuration, a part of the side surfaces 16a, 17a (the portion surrounded by the peripheral wall portions 44, 46) of the first side wall portions 16, 17 around the through holes 47, 48 is the outer second side wall portion 21. , 22 is exposed.
  • the peripheral wall portions 44 and 46 have a function of partitioning the exhaust gas passages 12C and 12D and the oxidant passages 13E and 13F formed so as to cross the exhaust gas passages 12C and 12D. Further, the upper wall portions 44b and 46b of the peripheral wall portions 44 and 46 guide to the inlet portion 50 by preventing the flow of the exhaust gas EG flowing from the upper side to the lower side of the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D.
  • the inlet part 50 is formed between the end wall part 34 of the other end part 6 b of the housing 6 and the end wall part 44 a of the peripheral wall part 44. That is, the inlet portion 50 is disposed on the other end portion 6 b side in the length direction D ⁇ b> 1 of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60. As a result, the inlet 50 collects the exhaust gas EG on the other end 6b side of the housing 6 and flows it into the lower exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F.
  • the exhaust pipe 32 is disposed near the one end 6 a of the housing 6. That is, the exhaust pipe 32 is disposed on the one end 6 a side in the length direction D ⁇ b> 1 of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60.
  • the exhaust pipe 32 collects and exhausts the exhaust gas EG that has flowed through the exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F from the other end 6b side.
  • the water vaporization part 4 is arrange
  • the exhaust pipe 32 is disposed on the one end 6a side in the exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F and the inlet 50 is disposed on the other end 6b side in the exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F
  • the exhaust gas EG is exhaust gas.
  • a sufficient distance (that is, the contact time between the exhaust gas EG and the water vaporization unit 4) flowing through the flow paths 12E and 12F can be secured. Therefore, the exhaust gas EG is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 32 after sufficiently exchanging heat with the water vaporization unit 4.
  • a similar inlet 50 is formed on the exhaust gas flow channel 12D side.
  • the casing of the fuel cell module supplies an oxidant to the cell stack using an oxidant supply member.
  • the oxidant supply member extends so as to enter a gap between the pair of cell stacks, has an oxidant flow path inside, and has a through hole at the tip.
  • An air supply pipe is formed on the bottom wall (corresponding to the third bottom wall portion 29), and the bottom wall (corresponding to the third bottom wall portion 29) and the bottom wall (corresponding to the second bottom wall portion 24). ) Functions as an oxidant flow path. There is nothing in the exhaust gas flow path on the side wall side that obstructs the flow of exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas flow path has a wide flow area.
  • the exhaust gas flow channel on the side wall side since the exhaust gas flow channel on the side wall side has a wide flow area, the exhaust gas flows toward the exhaust pipe through a path that is as short as possible. Therefore, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow path on the side wall side flows closer to the exhaust pipe on the bottom wall side, and flows into the exhaust gas flow path on the bottom wall side at a position near the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas flow path on the bottom wall side is immediately exhausted from the exhaust pipe (see, for example, FIG. 8). Therefore, the distance over which the exhaust gas flows through the bottom wall side exhaust gas flow path, that is, the contact time between the exhaust gas and the water vaporization unit is shortened, and heat exchange is not efficiently performed between the exhaust gas and the water vaporization unit.
  • the exhaust gas channel 12 includes the inlet 50 that collects the exhaust gas EG and flows it into the exhaust gas channels 12E and 12F, and the exhaust gas channel EG that collects the exhaust gas EG from the exhaust gas channels 12E and 12F. And an exhaust pipe 32 for exhausting.
  • the exhaust gas EG passing through the exhaust gas passages 12C and 12D is collected in the inlet 50 in the exhaust gas passage.
  • 12E, 12F flows into the exhaust gas flow paths 12E, 12F so as to pass at least between the inlet 50 and the exhaust pipe 32.
  • the time during which the exhaust gas EG contacts the water vaporization unit 4 can be increased.
  • the heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust gas EG and the water vaporization unit 4 is increased, and the heat of the exhaust gas EG can be used effectively.
  • the exhaust pipe 32 is disposed on the one end 6 a side in the heat receiving body storage chamber 60, and the inlet 50 is disposed on the other end 6 b side in the heat receiving body storage chamber 60. With such a configuration, the distance between the inlet 50 and the exhaust pipe 32, that is, the contact time between the exhaust gas EG and the water vaporization unit 4 can be increased.
  • the housing 6 has upper wall portions 44b and 46b that are formed in the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D and extend from the second side wall portions 21 and 22 toward the first side wall portions 16 and 17, respectively. . Since the exhaust gas EG flowing through the exhaust gas flow channels 12C and 12D is blocked by the upper wall portions 44b and 46b by blocking a part of the exhaust gas flow channels 12C and 12D with the upper wall portions 44b and 46b, the portions that are not blocked It flows toward. In other words, the region between the end wall portion 34 and the end wall portion 44b, which is the unblocked portion, can be configured as the inlet portion 50 that collects the exhaust gas EG. As a result, the inlet 50 can be formed with a simple configuration.
  • the fuel cell module according to the comparative example includes the oxidant supply member, an opening for inserting the oxidant supply member into the upper wall portion (first upper wall portion 23) disposed above the storage chamber. Needed to be formed. It is necessary to prepare a plate member having an opening separately from other wall portions, and it is necessary to assemble the plate member to the housing. Moreover, in order to ensure the airtightness between such an opening and another wall part or an oxidant supply member, the oxidant is introduced from a portion other than the through hole at the tip for supplying the oxidant. In order to prevent the supply, a flange plate and a sealing material have been required.
  • the oxidant supply member having the opening is accurately attached, when the oxidant supply member is assembled, the oxidant is positioned at the intended position of the cell stack (for example, the position of the through hole of the oxidant supply member is shifted, May not be supplied between the cells). Accordingly, the manufacturing accuracy of the oxidant supply member is required, and at the same time, the assembly accuracy is required, and the assembly cost increases. As a result, there has been a problem that the manufacturing cost and material cost of the fuel cell module are increased. Furthermore, since it is necessary to insert an oxidant supply member from the upper side of the cell stack, the shape of the reformer is changed to an oxidant supply member so that combustion heat can be obtained while avoiding the oxidant supply member. It was necessary to form it in the shape of a square U so as to sandwich it. According to such a shape, the shape of the reformer becomes complicated, resulting in a problem that the number of welding points increases and the weld line length becomes long.
  • the housing 6 includes a storage chamber 11 that stores the cell stack 3, and an oxidant channel 13 that is formed outside the storage chamber 11 and allows the oxidant to pass therethrough.
  • the first side wall portions 16 and 17 constituting the storage chamber 11 are formed with through holes 47 and 48 that connect the storage chamber 11 and the oxidant flow path 13 and supply the oxidant to the cell stack 3. ing. Since the oxidant flow path 13 is disposed outside the storage chamber 11, when supplying the oxidant OX to the cell stack 3, the oxidant OX flows from the outside toward the inside in the housing 6. It becomes composition. This eliminates the need for the oxidant supply member 36 inserted in the gap between the pair of cell stacks 3 used in the conventional fuel cell module.
  • the reformer 2 disposed on the upper side of the cell stack 3 does not need to have a structure for avoiding the oxidant supply member 36, so that the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. Can do.
  • the reformer 2 has a simple rectangular shape. As described above, the structure of the fuel cell module 1 can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
  • the housing 6 includes second side wall parts 21 and 22 that form exhaust gas flow paths 12 ⁇ / b> C and 12 ⁇ / b> D between the first side wall parts 16 and 17, and a second side wall part.
  • 21 and 22 have third side wall portions 26 and 27 that form oxidant flow paths 13C and 13D, and flow path forming portions 40 and 41 that form oxidant flow paths 13E and 13F, respectively.
  • Exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D are formed between the first side wall parts 16 and 17 and the second side wall parts 21 and 22, and the second side wall parts 21 and 22 and the third side wall parts 26 and 27 are connected to each other. Oxidant channels 13C and 13D are formed between them.
  • the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 are formed with openings 42 and 43 in the second side walls 21 and 22 that divide the oxidant flow paths 13C and 13D and the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D.
  • the peripheral wall portions 44, 46 connecting the opening portions 42, 43 and the first side wall portions 16, 17 are formed so as to surround 48.
  • oxidant channels 13E and 13F are formed so as to cross the exhaust gas channels 12C and 12D from the second side walls 21 and 22 toward the through holes 47 and 48 of the first side walls 16 and 17, respectively. can do.
  • the oxidant that has exchanged heat with the exhaust gas EG by passing through the oxidant channels 13C and 13D formed between the second side walls 21 and 22 and the third side walls 26 and 27.
  • OX can be supplied to the cell stack 3 through the through holes 47 and 48.
  • the through holes 47 and 48 are formed on both sides of the cell stack 3 with the cell stack 3 interposed therebetween. As a result, the oxidant can be supplied from both sides of the cell stack 3.
  • the end wall portions 44a and 46a of the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 constitute the inlet portion 50 that collects the exhaust gas, and the upper wall portions 44b and 46b prevent the flow of the exhaust gas and thereby enter the inlet portion.
  • the wall part leading to 50 is constituted.
  • the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 for guiding the oxidant OX to the through holes 47 and 48 simultaneously function as portions for blocking the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D and guiding the exhaust gas to the inlet 50. be able to.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
  • the inlet portion that collects the exhaust gas EG is provided at one place, but the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 are separated from the one end portion 6a as in the fuel cell module 200 shown in FIG.
  • the inlet 51 may also be formed on the one end 6 a side of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60. Accordingly, it is preferable to set the position of the exhaust pipe 32 at a substantially central position in the length direction D1. As a result, both the exhaust gas EG from the inlet 50 and the exhaust gas EG from the inlet 51 can be sufficiently brought into contact with the water vaporizer 4, and the both ends 6a and 6b are well balanced. Heat exchange can be performed.
  • the flow path forming portions 40 and 41 are also used as the wall portion for forming the inlet portion 50, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the flow of the exhaust gas EG may be prevented by providing a single plate member extending along the length direction D1 in the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D with respect to the conventional fuel cell module.
  • the first side wall portions 16 and 17 are extended as they are and connected to the second bottom wall portion 24 to block a part of the portion flowing into the exhaust gas passages 12E and 12F from the exhaust gas passages 12C and 12D.
  • An inlet portion may be formed.
  • the flow channel other than the exhaust gas flow channel and the wall structure may be appropriately changed according to the fuel cell module.
  • a configuration related to the fuel cell module 300 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be adopted.
  • the third side wall portions 26 and 27, the second upper wall portion 28, and the third bottom wall portion 29 are omitted.
  • the oxidizing agent OX is supplied to the cell stack 3 using the oxidizing agent supply member 36.
  • the oxidant supply member 36 is inserted from the first upper wall portion 23 and extends so as to enter the gap between the pair of cell stacks 3.
  • Through holes 37 and 38 are provided.
  • the shape of the reformer 102 is formed in a square U shape that sandwiches the oxidant supply member 36.
  • a folding portion 11a that extends horizontally inward from the upper end of the storage chamber 11 is formed. As described above, the upper end portion of the storage chamber 11 may be folded.
  • the fuel cell module 300 has wall portions 71 and 72 formed in the exhaust gas flow paths 12C and 12D and extending from the second side wall portions 21 and 22 toward the side wall portions 16 and 17, respectively.
  • the inlet portion 50 is formed by closing a part of the exhaust gas flow paths 12C, 12D with the wall portions 71, 72. 5 and 6, wall portions 71 and 72 are formed at the hatched portions.
  • the walls 71 and 72 may be hatched solid plates or may be hollow walls.
  • the walls 71 and 72 are separated from the other end 6b so as to secure the inlet 50 on the other end 6b side. Accordingly, the inlet 50 is disposed on the other end 6 b side in the length direction D ⁇ b> 1 of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60.
  • the one end 6 a side is closed with wall portions 71 and 72.
  • the exhaust pipe 32 is disposed on the one end 6 a side in the length direction D ⁇ b> 1 of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60. Thereby, the exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F from the inlet 50 toward the exhaust pipe 32 are formed, and the water vaporization unit 4 is heated by the exhaust gas EG.
  • the oxidizing agent is introduced from the upper side.
  • the casing 106 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be further covered with another casing, and an oxidant may be introduced from below by providing an air supply pipe at the lower portion of the casing.
  • the fuel cell module 400 employs a configuration in which an inlet 51 is formed on the one end 6a side with respect to the fuel cell module 300 shown in FIG.
  • the walls 71 and 72 are spaced from the one end 6a so as to secure the inlet 51 on the one end 6a side.
  • the inlet 51 is disposed on the one end 6 a side in the length direction D ⁇ b> 1 of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60.
  • the exhaust pipe 32 is disposed between the inlet portion 50 and the inlet portion 51 in the length direction D1 of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60.
  • the exhaust pipe 32 is disposed at a central position in the length direction D1 of the heat receiving body storage chamber 60. As a result, exhaust gas flow paths 12E and 12F from the inlet 50 to the exhaust pipe 32 and from the inlet 51 to the exhaust pipe 32 are formed, and the water vaporization unit 4 is heated by the exhaust gas EG.
  • the water vaporization part 4 was illustrated as a heat receiving body which receives heat from waste gas, it will not be specifically limited if heat is utilized.
  • a reformer including a reforming catalyst that generates reformed gas may be applied as the heat receiving body.
  • a dehydrogenation reactor that includes an organic hydride dehydrogenation reaction catalyst and generates a hydrogen-rich gas may be applied as a heat receiver.
  • the water vaporization unit when the reformer is applied as a heat receiving body, the water vaporization unit is not an essential constituent requirement.
  • the reformer is an essential constituent requirement.
  • the reformer and the water vaporization unit are not essential components.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module de piles à combustible qui est équipé : d'un assemblage de piles à combustible générant de l'électricité par la mise en œuvre d'un gaz à teneur en hydrogène et d'un oxydant; et d'un boîtier logeant l'assemblage de piles à combustible. Ce boîtier possède : une chambre de logement qui loge l'assemblage de piles à combustible; et un trajet d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement au travers duquel passe un gaz d'échappement s'échappant de l'assemblage de piles à combustible, et qui est formé côté externe par rapport à la chambre de logement. Le trajet d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement possède : un premier trajet d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement que le gaz d'échappement traverse vers le bas, et qui est formé vers un côté de la chambre de logement; un second trajet d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement que le gaz d'échappement provenant du premier trajet d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement traverse, et qui est formé à la fois vers le bas de la chambre de logement et à l'intérieur d'une chambre de logement de corps de réception de chaleur dans la partie interne de laquelle est disposé un corps de réception de chaleur; une partie d'introduction qui collecte le gaz d'échappement et le fait entrer dans le second trajet d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement; et une partie d'évacuation qui collecte le gaz et qui l'évacue depuis le second trajet d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement.
PCT/JP2012/053871 2011-02-17 2012-02-17 Module de piles à combustible WO2012111824A1 (fr)

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JP2011032146 2011-02-17

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018166052A (ja) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-25 Toto株式会社 固体酸化物形燃料電池装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005203266A (ja) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-28 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The 水素の製造方法および水素製造装置
JP2007073358A (ja) * 2005-09-07 2007-03-22 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 燃料熱交換器および燃料電池
JP2008066127A (ja) * 2006-09-07 2008-03-21 Kyocera Corp セルスタック装置及び燃料電池モジュール
WO2009119616A1 (fr) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-01 京セラ株式会社 Reformeur, dispositif d'empilement de piles à combustible, module de pile à combustible, et dispositif de pile à combustible
JP2010080260A (ja) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-08 Kyocera Corp 燃料電池モジュールおよび燃料電池装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005203266A (ja) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-28 Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The 水素の製造方法および水素製造装置
JP2007073358A (ja) * 2005-09-07 2007-03-22 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 燃料熱交換器および燃料電池
JP2008066127A (ja) * 2006-09-07 2008-03-21 Kyocera Corp セルスタック装置及び燃料電池モジュール
WO2009119616A1 (fr) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-01 京セラ株式会社 Reformeur, dispositif d'empilement de piles à combustible, module de pile à combustible, et dispositif de pile à combustible
JP2010080260A (ja) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-08 Kyocera Corp 燃料電池モジュールおよび燃料電池装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018166052A (ja) * 2017-03-28 2018-10-25 Toto株式会社 固体酸化物形燃料電池装置

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