WO2012107773A4 - Flash defrost system - Google Patents

Flash defrost system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012107773A4
WO2012107773A4 PCT/GB2012/050293 GB2012050293W WO2012107773A4 WO 2012107773 A4 WO2012107773 A4 WO 2012107773A4 GB 2012050293 W GB2012050293 W GB 2012050293W WO 2012107773 A4 WO2012107773 A4 WO 2012107773A4
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
defrost
evaporator
refrigerant
receiver
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2012/050293
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2012107773A3 (en
WO2012107773A2 (en
Inventor
Thomas William DAVIES
Robin Campbell
Original Assignee
Frigesco Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Frigesco Limited filed Critical Frigesco Limited
Priority to AU2012215130A priority Critical patent/AU2012215130B2/en
Priority to KR1020137023933A priority patent/KR20140007891A/en
Priority to CN2012800085174A priority patent/CN103429974A/en
Priority to GB1301403.0A priority patent/GB2495672B/en
Priority to MX2013009155A priority patent/MX2013009155A/en
Priority to RU2013141537/06A priority patent/RU2582729C2/en
Priority to JP2013553027A priority patent/JP5934257B2/en
Priority to CA2827053A priority patent/CA2827053A1/en
Priority to NZ615009A priority patent/NZ615009B2/en
Priority to EP12709685.7A priority patent/EP2673578A2/en
Priority to US13/983,794 priority patent/US20130312437A1/en
Priority to BR112013020258A priority patent/BR112013020258A2/en
Publication of WO2012107773A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012107773A2/en
Publication of WO2012107773A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012107773A3/en
Publication of WO2012107773A4 publication Critical patent/WO2012107773A4/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/06—Removing frost
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

A vapour compression refrigeration system includes a compressor (1) arranged to re-circulate refrigerant through a condenser (2), an expansion device (4) and an evaporator (5). To achieve rapid thermodynamically efficient defrosting of the evaporator, hot refrigerant from the condenser is stored in a defrost receiver (6) before passing through the expansion device (4). In a defrost phase, a valve arrangement (7-10) forms a closed defrost circuit connecting the evaporator (5) to the defrost receiver (6) via defrost valve (10) to allow hot fluid to pass from the defrost receiver to the evaporator and liquid refrigerant in the evaporator flows to the defrost receiver (6) via drain valve (9). In a pre-defrost phase, the valve arrangement closes the fluid input to the evaporator (5) and the compressor operates to partially evacuate the evaporator before the evaporator is connected to the defrost receiver, so that flash flooding of the evaporator with hot vapour occurs. A phase change medium (11) may be included to store heat from the condenser output and return it to the evaporator during defrost. Additional heat may be supplied to the defrost liquid to further increase the defrost speed.

Claims

15 AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 26 November 2012 (26.11.2012)
1. A vapour compression refrigeration system including a compressor (1) arranged to re-circulate refrigerant through a condenser (2), an expansion device (4) and an evaporator (5), a defrost receiver (6: Fig.s 2 and 5; 3: Fig.s 3 and 4) with or without an additional liquid receiver (3: Fig. 2) through which hot refrigerant from the condenser flows before passing through the expansion device (4), and a valve arrangement (10/13, 9, 4) which, in a defrost phase, connects the evaporator to the defrost receiver to allow hot refrigerant from the defrost receiver (6/3) to pass through the evaporator (5), characterised in that
- the valve arrangement (10/13, 9, 4) is arranged to create, during the defrost phase, a defrost circuit through which hot refrigerant vapour flows from the defrost receiver (6/3) to the evaporator (5) and cool liquid refrigerant condensate returns from the evaporator (5) to the defrost receiver (6/3) without passing through the compressor (1); and
- the defrost receiver is associated with a heat storage medium (11/14/17) in heat-exchange contact with the refrigerant and from which stored heat energy is released into the refrigerant flowing through the defrost circuit and transported to the evaporator (5) during the defrost phase.
2. A vapour compression refrigeration system according to Claim 1 in which the heat storage medium comprises a phase- change medium (11/14). 16
3. A vapour compression refrigeration system according to Claim 2 in which the phase-change medium (11) is contained within the defrost receiver (6).
4. A vapour compression refrigeration system according to Claim 2 in which the phase-change medium (14) is included between the defrost receiver (3: Fig. 3) and the expansion device (4).
5. A vapour compression refrigeration system according to Claim 1 in which a fluid-to-fluid heat exchanger (15) is included between the defrost receiver (3: Fig. 4) and the expansion device (4) and a fluid heat storage medium is circulated through the secondary of the heat exchanger to a storage reservoir (17).
6. A vapour compression refrigeration system according to Claim 1 in which heating means is arranged to provide additional heat input to the hot refrigerant flowing from the defrost receiver (6).
7. A vapour compression refrigeration system according to Claim 1 which includes a plurality of evaporators (5) and in which each evaporator is associated with a respective defrost receiver (6).
8. A vapour compression refrigeration system according to Claim 1 in which a pump (20) is arranged to return liquid refrigerant from the evaporator (5) to the defrost receiver (6) 17
during the defrost phase.
9. A method of defrosting a vapour compression refrigeration system including a compressor (1) arranged to recirculate refrigerant through a condenser (2), an expansion device (4) and an evaporator (5), a defrost receiver (6: Fig.s 2 and 5; 3: Fig.s 3 and 4) with or without an additional liquid receiver (3: Fig. 2) through which hot refrigerant from the condenser flows before passing through the expansion device (4), and a valve arrangement (10/13, 9, 4) which, in a defrost phase, connects the evaporator to the defrost receiver to allow hot refrigerant from the defrost receiver (6/3) to pass through the evaporator (5),
characterised in that
- the valve arrangement (10/13, 9, 4) is arranged to create, during the defrost phase, a defrost circuit through which hot refrigerant vapour flows from the defrost receiver (6/3) to the evaporator (5) and cool liquid refrigerant condensate returns from the evaporator (5) to the defrost receiver (6/3) without passing through the compressor (1); and
- the defrost receiver is associated with a heat storage medium (11/14/17) in heat-exchange contact with the refrigerant and from which stored heat energy is released into the refrigerant flowing through the defrost circuit and transported to the evaporator (5) during the defrost phase by the process of refrigerant boiling in the defrost receiver (6/3) followed by refrigerant condensation in the evaporator (5).

DE 29 13 167 Al (PET inc) [Document Dl], is cited as the nearest prior art to the present application, and the amended Claim 1 seeks to clearly differentiate the design and operation of the present defrost system from that described in Dl.

Accordingly Claim 1 has been amended so as to clarify the essential differences between the existing hot gas defrost systems and the present flash defrost system, namely that the defrost system does not involve the compressor and simply comprises a heat store connected to the evaporator in a closed loop created by valve actuation.

Dl and all of the other cited references describe various implementations of a known hot gas bypass defrost process which, without exception, always involve the use of an active compressor as a source of hot gas which is redirected to the evaporator during defrost by actuating various valves in the refrigeration circuit. Thus the heat energy needed for defrost is provided by running the compressor, which is inefficient way of using (extra) electrical power.

In contrast, the defrost system described in the present application does NOT require running the compressor for defrost. Indeed the compressor may be switched off during defrost. The heat required for defrost is extracted from the hot liquid refrigerant leaving the condenser during normal running and accumulated in a heat store. Two important advantages result from the heat storage element of the invention; firstly the heat which is stored is already in the system so no EXTRA energy is needed when a defrost is performed, secondly the subcooling of the refrigerant during passage through the heat store leads to a greater refrigeration effect per unit mass flow of refrigerant which effectively matches the additional cooling required following a defrost. When a defrost is called for the stored heat is released and transmitted to the evaporator by using refrigerant trapped in a closed circuit created by valve actuation. The closed circuit connects the heat store with the evaporator using the trapped refrigerant as the MEDIUM for heat transfer (and not as a primary direct source of heat as in, for example, Dl), liquid refrigerant boiling in the heat store, vapour flashing over to the evaporator, condensing and returning to the heat store, and so on. The effect is a rapid defrost and rechilling with, essentially, little or no net energy consumption, and test results using commercial freezers have clearly demonstrated that the present system closely approaches these ideal conditions.

PCT/GB2012/050293 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system WO2012107773A2 (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2012215130A AU2012215130B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system
KR1020137023933A KR20140007891A (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system
CN2012800085174A CN103429974A (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system
GB1301403.0A GB2495672B (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system
MX2013009155A MX2013009155A (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system.
RU2013141537/06A RU2582729C2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Fast defrosting system
JP2013553027A JP5934257B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash (frost) defrost system
CA2827053A CA2827053A1 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system
NZ615009A NZ615009B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system
EP12709685.7A EP2673578A2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system
US13/983,794 US20130312437A1 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash Defrost System
BR112013020258A BR112013020258A2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 instant defrost system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1102485.8A GB2487975A (en) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Flash defrost system
GB1102485.8 2011-02-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012107773A2 WO2012107773A2 (en) 2012-08-16
WO2012107773A3 WO2012107773A3 (en) 2012-11-29
WO2012107773A4 true WO2012107773A4 (en) 2013-02-28

Family

ID=43859329

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2012/050293 WO2012107773A2 (en) 2011-02-11 2012-02-10 Flash defrost system

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20130312437A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2673578A2 (en)
JP (1) JP5934257B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20140007891A (en)
CN (1) CN103429974A (en)
AU (1) AU2012215130B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112013020258A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2827053A1 (en)
GB (2) GB2487975A (en)
MX (1) MX2013009155A (en)
RU (1) RU2582729C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012107773A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2495672A (en) 2013-04-17
MX2013009155A (en) 2013-12-06
GB2487975A (en) 2012-08-15
JP5934257B2 (en) 2016-06-15
WO2012107773A3 (en) 2012-11-29
GB201102485D0 (en) 2011-03-30
EP2673578A2 (en) 2013-12-18
JP2014505230A (en) 2014-02-27
CA2827053A1 (en) 2012-08-16
BR112013020258A2 (en) 2016-10-18
NZ615009A (en) 2014-09-26
US20130312437A1 (en) 2013-11-28
GB2495672B (en) 2013-12-25
WO2012107773A2 (en) 2012-08-16
AU2012215130A1 (en) 2013-09-26
AU2012215130B2 (en) 2017-07-27
RU2582729C2 (en) 2016-04-27
RU2013141537A (en) 2015-03-20
CN103429974A (en) 2013-12-04
KR20140007891A (en) 2014-01-20
GB201301403D0 (en) 2013-03-13

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