WO2012106920A1 - 光模块及其突发发射方法、激光器及光网络系统 - Google Patents

光模块及其突发发射方法、激光器及光网络系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012106920A1
WO2012106920A1 PCT/CN2011/077517 CN2011077517W WO2012106920A1 WO 2012106920 A1 WO2012106920 A1 WO 2012106920A1 CN 2011077517 W CN2011077517 W CN 2011077517W WO 2012106920 A1 WO2012106920 A1 WO 2012106920A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
switch
optical module
optical network
laser
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Application number
PCT/CN2011/077517
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林华枫
徐之光
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201180001289.3A priority Critical patent/CN103229441B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2011/077517 priority patent/WO2012106920A1/zh
Publication of WO2012106920A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012106920A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/272Star-type networks or tree-type networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50Transmitters
    • H04B10/501Structural aspects
    • H04B10/503Laser transmitters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
    • H04J14/0238Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-many, e.g. multicasting wavelengths
    • H04J14/0239Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-many, e.g. multicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON sharing multiple downstream wavelengths for groups of optical network units [ONU], e.g. multicasting wavelengths
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0278WDM optical network architectures
    • H04J14/0282WDM tree architectures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical fiber communications, and more particularly to an optical module and its burst transmitting method, a laser, and an optical network system. Background technique
  • the WDMP0N system mainly includes multiple optical line terminals located in the central equipment room (Optical
  • LD Laser Diode
  • a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier for transmitting a seed light source from the central office device to the optical network unit in the TOM P0N system, by injecting the seed light source into
  • the RS0A is implemented to implement different RS0A locks to different wavelengths.
  • the seed light source transmitted from the central office device is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing.
  • An aspect of the present invention provides an optical module, a method for bursting an optical module, and a method
  • the laser and an optical network system effectively solve the problem that the optical power is too weak and the transmission efficiency is low when the seed light source reaches the 0NU in the existing optical network system.
  • the invention provides an optical module, which comprises a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transmitter includes a switch, a laser diode driver, and a gain medium.
  • An input end of the laser diode driver is coupled to the switch, and an output of the laser diode driver is coupled to the gain medium.
  • the switch switches to the bias mode, and the laser diode driver provides a bias current for the gain shield.
  • the invention provides a method for burst transmission of an optical module, and the optical module comprises a switch.
  • the method includes: when the control terminal input burst enable signal of the switch is invalid, the switch switches to the bias mode to provide a bias current to the optical module.
  • the present invention provides a laser comprising a gain medium, a filter and a Faraday rotating mirror.
  • the gain medium, the filter, and the Faraday rotating mirror constitute a laser oscillation cavity.
  • Light emitted by the gain medium oscillates back and forth within the oscillating cavity to form a resonance.
  • the gain shield is in the optical module.
  • the present invention provides an optical network system including an optical line termination, a splitter, and an optical network unit.
  • the optical line terminal is connected to the plurality of optical network units by using the optical splitter, wherein any one of the optical network units includes a plurality of optical network units, and the plurality of optical network units are separated by time division multiplexing
  • each optical network unit in any one of the optical network units communicates with the optical line terminal by wavelength division multiplexing.
  • An optical module, an optical module burst transmitting method, a laser, and an optical network system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, when a switch is added to a transmitter of an optical module, when a burst enable signal input to the control terminal of the light-opening is invalid, The switch is switched to the bias mode to provide a bias current for the optical module, and the power shortage caused by the seed light source of the existing laser is solved by improving the burst emission method of the existing optical module and improving the structure of the laser, and It ensures that data can be quickly modulated and transmitted when data is transmitted in the optical module. When no data is transmitted, a lower bias current is still supplied to the optical module, thereby reducing the time for bursting and re-opening, and improving the entire optical network system. Transmission efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another laser according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser applied to an OLT according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the optical module includes a transmitter and a receiver, and the transmitter includes a switch and a laser diode driver.
  • the input end of the LDD is connected to the switch, and the output end of the LDD is connected to the gain medium; when the input control signal of the open control terminal is invalid, the The switch is switched to a bias mode through which a bias current is supplied to the gain medium.
  • the switch has at least two pairs of input ends, a first pair of input ends of the switch is used for receiving data, a second pair of input ends are respectively connected to a power source VCC and a ground GND, and the control end receives a burst enable signal.
  • the output end of the switch is connected to a pair of data input terminals (data input +/- end, ie, IN +/- end) of the laser diode driver (LDD), and the pair of LDDs
  • the enable end (burst enable + / - terminal, ie BEN+ / - terminal) is connected to VCC and GND respectively, and the output of LDD is connected to the gain medium.
  • the working principle of the optical module is as follows:
  • LDD turns off the Autom ic Power Contro l (APC) function, which allows the bias current to be individually controlled with the modulation current and is not directly related to the average optical power.
  • APC Autom ic Power Contro l
  • LDD needs to turn off the APC function.
  • the gain medium When the gain medium is working normally, its driving current is equal to "bias current + modulation current", and when the LDD is only output biased, the average optical power emitted by the laser is smaller than the normal transmission data. Average optical power. If the APC function is still working at this time, it will inevitably increase the bias current output to the gain medium, so that the average power of the emission reaches the target value. Then the bias current at this time is inevitably much larger than the normal state. If normal data is to be transmitted at this time, the proportional relationship between the modulation current and the bias current at this time is no longer correct, and the optical signal emitted by the laser is abnormal.
  • the switch when the burst enable signal of the switch input of the optical module is valid, the switch is switched to the working mode, and the first pair of input ends of the switch are connected to the output end, so that the data signal reaches the LDD through the switch. , in turn, enables the gain medium to transmit data normally.
  • the switch switches to the bias mode.
  • GND is connected to a data input terminal (such as data input + terminal, ie IN+)
  • VCC is connected to another data input (such as data input-end, ie IN-).
  • the data input to LDD is “0”, and LDD always outputs bias current to the gain shield.
  • the optical module can normally transmit data when there is data to be transmitted; when there is no data to be transmitted, the bias current is supplied to the gain medium, so that the gain medium and the Faraday Rotator Mirror (FRM) The resonance is maintained, which in turn produces lasing light.
  • FAM Faraday Rotator Mirror
  • the optical module is used in any one of the optical network units, and the burst transmission method of the optical module can be used to implement each
  • the data is normally transmitted; when there is no data transmission, a minimum bias current is supplied to the gain medium, so that in the system, when the data is not transmitted, the optical network unit is completely turned off.
  • the gain medium in the medium re-opens the gain shield before the next data transmission, so that the turn-on time is too long, which seriously affects the transmission efficiency of the system.
  • the embodiment of the invention reduces the burst open time of each optical network unit, and further improves the efficiency of the entire optical network system.
  • the switch in the optical module may be an optical switch or an electrical switch, and usually an optical switch is used.
  • the optical module can be applied to the optical network unit of the user side, and the optical module can be applied to the central office device or the central end device, that is, the optical module is applied to the optical line terminal, and the specific optical module works as above.
  • the embodiment is the same, and its specific structure will be described in detail in FIG. 5 below.
  • the optical module can also be applied to both the optical network unit and the optical line terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for burst transmission of an optical module, where the method is applied to the optical module (see FIG. 1 for a structure diagram), and the optical module includes a switch.
  • the switch switches to the bias mode to provide a bias current to the optical module; when the control terminal input burst enable signal of the switch is valid
  • the switch is switched to the working mode, and the optical module sends data.
  • the bursting method of the optical module may be implemented in combination with the structure diagram of the foregoing optical module, and details are not described herein again.
  • a method for bursting an optical module and an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • a switch is added to the transmitter of the module, so that when the input control signal of the open control terminal is invalid, the switch is switched to the bias mode to provide a bias current for the optical module, and the current optical module is bursted
  • the improvement of the transmission method and the improvement of the structure of the laser solve the power shortage caused by the seed light source of the existing laser, and ensure that the data can be quickly modulated and transmitted when the data is transmitted in the optical module, and the data is still provided when there is no data transmission.
  • the low bias current is applied to the optical module, which can reduce the time of sudden re-opening and improve the transmission efficiency of the entire optical network system.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a schematic structural diagram of a laser, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG.
  • the laser provided by the embodiment of the invention includes: a gain medium, a filter and an FRM, the gain medium, the filter and the FRM constitute a laser oscillation cavity, and the light emitted by the gain medium is reciprocated in the oscillation cavity Oscillation forms a resonance, which in turn produces lasing light.
  • a gain medium a filter and an FRM
  • the gain medium, the filter and the FRM constitute a laser oscillation cavity
  • the light emitted by the gain medium is reciprocated in the oscillation cavity Oscillation forms a resonance, which in turn produces lasing light.
  • the laser is a self-injecting colorless laser, and specifically includes: a gain medium, a filter, an FRM, a 1:2 splitter, and an optical fiber connecting the above devices.
  • the FRM is placed on a branch fiber of a 1 : 2 splitter connected to the common port of the filter, and the other branch of the 1 : 2 splitter is connected to the branch fiber.
  • the gain medium, the filter and the FRM constitute a laser oscillating cavity, and light emitted by the gain medium oscillates back and forth in the oscillating cavity to form a resonance.
  • the gain medium is in an optical module of the optical network unit.
  • the FRM may include: a total reflection mirror or a partial reflection mirror, and the laser shown in FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view when the FRM includes a total reflection mirror.
  • WDM wavelength division multiplexer
  • the filter uses a dense wavelength division multiplexing filter (Dense Wavelength Divi s Mul t iplexer, DWDM).
  • the 1 : 2 splitter is not limited to a 1 : 2 splitter, and any splitter can be applied.
  • the FRM can also be connected directly to the filter without the need for a splitter.
  • the FRM when it is a total reflection mirror, in order to ensure that data can be sent out from the gain medium, it is usually connected by a splitter.
  • the difference between Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is that the FRM in Fig. 2 includes a total reflection mirror, and the FRM in Fig. 3 includes a partial reflection mirror, and one end of the FRM is directly connected to the filter.
  • the laser shown in Figure 3 includes: FRM, filter and gain medium. Where one end of the FM The branch fiber is connected to other devices, and the other end of the FRM is connected to the filter through the optical fiber. One end of the filter is connected to the gain shield, and the gain medium is in the optical module of the optical network unit measured by the user.
  • the filter may employ a wavelength division multiplexing filter.
  • the filter employs a dense wavelength division multiplexing filter.
  • the FRM includes a partial mirror that achieves partial reflection and partial transmission, while also reducing the loss of FRM reflected light and downstream optical signals, as the light will incur additional losses per pass through the splitter.
  • properly reducing the reflectivity of the partial mirrors in the FRM ensures that the output power of the gain shield on the FRM is large enough to meet the power budget of the entire link.
  • the Faraday rotating mirror may be a 45-degree rotating mirror coupled to the output of the WDM and the external wall laser (not The fiber between the markers can rotate the polarization direction of at least a portion of the optical signal incident through the fiber by 45 x 2 degrees and reflect back to the fiber.
  • the Faraday rotating mirror may also include a Faraday Rotator (FR) and a partial mirror, wherein the Faraday rotator is a 45-degree rotator that can rotate the polarization direction of the light.
  • FR Faraday Rotator
  • the polarization directions of the incident light are different by 90 degrees, that is, the polarization direction of the reflected light and the polarization direction of the incident light are perpendicular to each other.
  • the gain shield, the WDM and the Faraday rotating mirror form a laser oscillation cavity through the optical fiber, and the TOM functions as a wavelength (mode) screening in the laser oscillation cavity, and the light emitted by the gain shield is in the The oscillating cavity is oscillated back and forth to form lasing light.
  • the laser provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the power shortage caused by the seed light source of the existing laser by improving the structure of the laser, and ensures that the optical power is transmitted or received by the central office or the user side. Improve the stability of the system.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a schematic structural diagram of an optical network system, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the optical module bursting method, optical module or laser provided by the embodiment of the invention is applicable to the optical network system structure.
  • the optical network system includes at least one central end CO device (such as an optical line terminal), at least one optical splitter Optica l Split ter (hereinafter referred to as "Spl it ter”), and a plurality of sets of optical network units.
  • the optical line terminal is connected to the plurality of optical network units by using a plurality of optical network units, wherein the optical network unit includes a plurality of optical network units, and the plurality of optical network units are time-division multiplexed with the optical Line terminal communication, between each optical network unit in any one of the optical network units
  • the wavelength division multiplexing method communicates with the optical line terminal.
  • the central end device includes a plurality of optical transceivers, respectively
  • a plurality of optical transceivers are connected to the WDM branch of the wavelength division multiplexer, and the wavelength division multiplexer WDM is connected to the trunk fiber.
  • the 1:n splitter Optical Splitter (Splitter) is connected to the backbone fiber, and the other end is connected to multiple FRMs through multiple branch fibers.
  • each FRM is connected to each of the wavelength division multiplexer legs (including the first wavelength division multiplexer TOM1, the second wavelength division multiplexer WDM2, the nth wavelength division multiplexer WDMn), and is divided by multiple waves.
  • the user WDM is connected to multiple optical transceivers on the user side.
  • the optical transceivers on the user side are: W-TRx11, W-TRxl2, ...W-TRxlm, W-TRx21, W-TRx22, ...W-TRx2ra, ...W-TRxnl, W- TRxn2, ...W-TRxnm 0 wherein the first wavelength division multiplexer WDM1 is connected to the optical transceivers W-TRx11, W-TRx12, -W-Trxlm through m branch fibers, the optical transceiver W - the upstream wavelength and the downstream wavelength of TRxl 1 are ⁇ 1 and ⁇ ⁇ , respectively, and the upstream wavelength and the downstream wavelength of the optical transceiver W-TRxl2 are ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2', respectively, the light The upstream and downstream wavelengths of the transceiver W-TRxlm are ⁇ and ⁇ ', respectively, and the optical transceivers W-TRx11, W-TRxl2, ...
  • W-Trxlm are referred to as a group of optical network units.
  • the second wavelength division multiplexer W ⁇ 2 is connected to the optical transceivers W-TRx21, W-TRx22, W-TRx2m through m branch fibers, and the upstream wavelength of the optical transceiver W-TRx21
  • the downstream wavelengths are ⁇ 1 and ⁇ , respectively, and the W-TRx21, W-TRx22, ... ⁇ -TRx2m are referred to as a second group of optical network units.
  • the nth wavelength division multiplexer WDMn is respectively connected to the nth group of optical network units, and the upstream wavelength and the downstream wavelength of the optical transceiver W-TRxnl are ⁇ 1 and ⁇ ⁇ respectively, and the optical transceiver W-
  • the upstream wavelength and the downstream wavelength of TRxn2 are ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2', respectively, and the upstream wavelength and the downstream wavelength of the optical transceiver W-TRxnm are ⁇ m and ⁇ m', respectively.
  • each group of optical network units performs data communication with the central end device by time division multiplexing.
  • the first group of optical network units includes: an optical transceiver E-TRx11 (upstream and downstream wavelengths are ⁇ 1 and ⁇ , respectively), and an optical transceiver ⁇ -TRxl 2 (the upstream and downstream wavelengths are ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2 , respectively) '), the optical transceiver E-TRx11 and the optical transceiver E-TRxl2 have different uplink and downlink wavelengths, so the optical transceiver E-TRxl 1 and the optical transceiver E-TRxl 2 are respectively connected to the central end device (for example, 0LT) Communication is performed by means of wavelength division multiplexing; and the optical transceivers E-TRx11 in the first group of optical network units and the optical transceivers W-TRx21 of the second group of optical network units have the same uplink and downlink wavelengths, so The optical transceiver E-TRx11 in one group of optical network units and the optical transceiver W-TRx21 of the second group of optical network units
  • each group of optical network units needs to adopt a burst.
  • the mode of operation of the transmission such as in Figure 4: W-TRxl l, W-TRx21, ...W-TRxnl share the upstream wavelength ⁇ 1, such that: ⁇ -TRxl l , W-TRx21 , ...W-TRxnl Belong to the same conflict domain.
  • each optical transceiver sharing the same wavelength needs to use the burst transmission mode, that is, the gain medium in the optical module in each transceiver can normally transmit data when the input burst enable signal is valid.
  • the input burst enable signal is invalid.
  • a bias current is supplied to the gain medium instead of completely turning off the gain medium.
  • the burst on time can be reduced, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the entire system.
  • the FRM, TOM, and the gain medium in any one of the optical transceivers constitute a laser (as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3), including: an FRM, a filter, and a gain medium, the gain medium.
  • a laser as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3
  • the FRM, TOM, and the gain medium in any one of the optical transceivers constitute a laser (as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3), including: an FRM, a filter, and a gain medium, the gain medium.
  • the light module in the above optical network system, the FRM, TOM, and the gain medium in any one of the optical transceivers constitute a laser (as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3), including: an FRM, a filter, and a gain medium, the gain medium.
  • the optical signal transmission process in FIG. 4 is described in detail below: when downlink (0LT sends data to the direction of 0NU), the downlink data is modulated onto the resonantly stable optical carrier, and is combined with the WDM of the 0LT side and transmitted to the backbone optical fiber. After the backbone fiber reaches the user side, the optical splitter distributes the power of the downlink signal to each branch fiber evenly, and then transmits the downlink signal to the corresponding WDM through each branch fiber, and transmits the corresponding signal to the corresponding ONU through the WDM, and passes through the ONU.
  • the receiver receives the downlink signal; when uplinking (0NU sends data to the direction of 0LT), the gain medium in the 0NU sends the uplink signal to the TOM on the user side, and resonates through the cavity formed by the WDM, FRM, and gain shields, and then The uplink signal is transmitted to the OLT through the optical splitter; the WDM in the 0LT receives the uplink signal, and the uplink signal is coupled, and then transmitted to the 0LT receiver through the TOM branch fiber for reception.
  • the laser may be applied to a terminal device on the user side, or may be applied to a central end device or a central office device, such as an optical line terminal.
  • a central end device or a central office device such as an optical line terminal.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser applied to an OLT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gain medium 1 and the Rx1 (receiver 1) in the 0LT belong to one optical module 1
  • the gain medium 2 and the Rx2 (receiver 2) belong to one optical module 2
  • the gain medium n and Rxn (receive The machine n) belongs to the same optical module n
  • the optical module is shown in the schematic diagram of the optical module of FIG.
  • the composition principle is the same, but the two bands are different.
  • the purpose is that the downlink data and the uplink data are not interfered with each other.
  • the AWG is also a kind of wavelength division multiplexer.
  • the branches of the AWG 1 are connected to the gain medium, the common end of the AWG 1 is connected to one end of the FRM1, the other end of the FRM1 is connected to a circulator 1; and the circulator 1 is also connected to the common end of the AWG 3.
  • the branches of the AWG 3 are respectively connected to a receiver Rx.
  • the following is a detailed description of the working process:
  • the downlink data is modulated onto a resonantly stable optical carrier, and the optical signal passes through the circulator 1, and the circulator 1 directs the optical signal to the backbone optical fiber, and the backbone optical fiber transmits the optical signal to the user. side;
  • the optical signal from 0 is transmitted to the circulator 1 via the trunk fiber, and the circulator 1 directs the optical signal to the AWG 3 (ie, the AWG to which the receiver belongs), is coupled via the AWG 3, and is transmitted to the corresponding receiver for reception. .
  • the AWG 3 ie, the AWG to which the receiver belongs
  • the laser in the 0LT can use two ATOs (such as AWG1 and AWG 3 in Figure 5), or one AWG.
  • each branch fiber of the splitter You can use two or one ATO.
  • 0NU or 0LT
  • WDM WDM
  • the laser also needs to include a circulator (see Figure 5), which directs the transmitted signal to an AWG through the circulator and directs the received signal to the other AWG, thereby transmitting the signal, receiving The signals do not interfere with each other.
  • a circulator see Figure 5
  • the AWG described in Fig. 5 may be any type of filter, and is not limited to the AWG.
  • An optical network system in which all optical transceivers sharing the same wavelength need to adopt a burst transmission working mode, that is, a gain medium in an optical module in each transceiver is in an input burst.
  • a burst transmission working mode that is, a gain medium in an optical module in each transceiver is in an input burst.

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Description

光模块及其突发发射方法、 激光器及光网络系统 技术领域
本发明涉及光纤通信领域, 尤其涉及光模块及其突发发射方法、 激光 器及光网络系统。 背景技术
随着用户对带宽需求的不断增长,传统的铜线宽带接入系统越来越面临 带宽瓶颈。 与此同时, 带宽容量巨大的光纤通信技术日益成熟且应用成本逐 年下降。 光纤接入网, 比如无源光网络(Passive Optical Network, PON) , 逐渐成为下一代宽带接入网的有力竟争者。 目前, 在众多的光纤接入网解决 方案中,波分复用无源光网洛 (wavelength division multiplexing Passive Optical Network, TOM PON)技术由于其具有较大的带宽容量、 类似点对点的 通信方式保证信息安全性等优点而备受关注。
通常, WDMP0N系统主要包括位于中心机房的多个光线路终端(Optical
Line Terminal, 0LT)收发模块和位于用户端的多个光网络单元(Optical Network Unit, 0NU)收发模块, 其中, 所述 0LT收发模块和 0NU收发模块一 般釆用激光器(Laser Diode, LD)作为光源。 由于不同 0NU收发模块需要采 用不同的通信波长 (λΐ, λ2, ... λη)与其对应的 0LT收发模块进行通信, 所 述 WDM P0N系统要求不同收发模块的激光器分别可以发射不同波长的光信 号。 为实现光源无色化, 业界提出一种在 TOM P0N系统中, 从局端设备发 送一个种子光源到光网络单元的反射式半导体光放大器(Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier, RSOA) , 通过将种子光源注入到所述 RS0A以实现不同的 RS0A分别锁定到不同波长的方案。
但是, 为实现光源无色化, 从局端设备发送的种子光源经过波分复用
WDM等器件后到达用户侧设备时的光功率已经很弱, 无法有效锁定 RS0A, 并且目前的无色激光器在没有数据发送时, 要完全关闭激光器中的增益介 质, 进而使得有数据发送时, 再次打开增益介质, 此种方式耗时长, 严重 影响光网络系统的传输效率。 发明内容
本发明一方面提供了一种光模块、 一种光模块突发发射的方法、 一种 激光器以及一种光网络系统, 有效地解决了现有光网络系统中采用种子光 源到达 0NU时, 光功率太弱以及传输效率低的问题。
本发明提供了一种光模块, 所述光模块包括发射机和接收机。 所述发 射机包括开关、 激光二级管驱动器和增益介质。 所述激光二级管驱动器的 输入端与开关连接, 所述激光二级管驱动器的输出端与增益介质连接。 当 所述开光的控制端输入突发使能信号无效时, 所述开关切换到偏置模式, 通过所述激光二级管驱动器为增益介盾提供偏置电流。
本发明提供了一种光模块突发发射的方法, 所述光模块包括开关。 所 述方法包括: 当所述开关的控制端输入突发使能信号无效时, 所述开关切 换到偏置模式, 提供偏置电流给所述光模块。
本发明提供了一种激光器, 所述激光器包括增益介质、 滤波器和法拉 第旋转反射鏡。 所述增益介质、 所述滤波器和所述法拉第旋转反射镜构成 一个激光振荡腔。 所述增益介质发出的光在所述振荡腔内往返振荡, 形成 谐振。 其中, 所述增益介盾在上述光模块中。
本发明提供了一种光网络系统, 所述光网络系统包括光线路终端、 分光 器和光网络单元。 所述光线路终端通过所述分光器与多组光网络单元连接, 其中任意一组光网絡单元中包括多个光网絡单元, 所述多组光网单元之间通 过时分复用方式与所述光线路终端通信, 所述任意一组光网络单元中的各个 光网络单元之间通过波分复用方式与光线路终端通信。
本发明实施例提供的一种光模块、 光模块突发发射方法、 激光器和 光网络系统,通过在光模块的发射机中增加开关,使得当所迷开光的控制 端输入突发使能信号无效时, 所述开关切换到偏置模式, 为光模块提供 偏置电流, 通过对现有光模块突发发射方法的改进和对激光器结构的改 进, 解决了现有激光器采用种子光源导致的功率不足, 以及保证了光模 块中有数据发送时能迅速进行数据调制并发射, 没有数据发送时, 仍然 提供较低的偏置电流给光模块, 进而可以减少突发再开启的时间, 提高了 整个光网络系统的传输效率。 附图说明
下面将参照附图对本发明的具体实施例进行更详细的说明 , 附图中: 图 1为本发明实施例提供的一种光模块的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例提供的一种激光器的结构示意图; 图 3为本发明实施例提供的另一种激光器的结构示意图 图 4为本发明实施例提供的一种光网络系统的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例提供的激光器应用在 0LT中的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚、完整地描述,显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没 有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的 范围。
请参阅图 1 , 其为本发明实施例提供的一种光模块的结构示意图, 所 述光模块包括发射机和接收机, 所述发射机包括开关、 激光二级管驱动器
( Laser Diode Dr iver , LDD )和增益介质, 所述 LDD的输入端与开关连 接, 所述 LDD的输出端与增益介质连接; 当所述开光的控制端输入突发使 能信号无效时, 所述开关切换到偏置模式, 通过所述 LDD为增益介质提供 偏置电流。
具体为, 所述开关有至少两对输入端, 所述开关的第一对输入端用于 接收数据, 第二对输入端分别连接到电源 VCC和地 GND, 控制端接收突发 使能信号, 所述开关的输出端连接所述激光二级管驱动器(Laser Diode Dr iver , LDD ) 的一对数据输入端 (数据输入 +/-端, 即 IN+/-端),所述 LDD 的一对突发使能端 (突发使能 +/ -端, 即 BEN+/ -端)分别连接到 VCC 和 GND, LDD的输出端连接至增益介质。
该光模块的工作原理如下:
首先, LDD关闭自动功率控制 (Automa t ic Power Contro l , APC )功 能, 使得偏置电流与调制电流单独控制, 不与平均光功率有直接的关联。
进一步的, LDD需要关闭 APC功能的原因如下: 增益介质正常工作时, 其驱动电流等于 "偏置电流 +调制电流", LDD只输出偏置状态下, 激光器 发射的平均光功率小于正常发送数据时的平均光功率。 如果此时 APC功能 还在工作, 必然会增加输出给增益介质的偏置电流, 使发射的平均功率达 到目标值。 那么此时的偏置电流必然远大于正常状态, 如果此时要发射正 常数据, 此时的调制电流和偏置电流之间的比例关系, 就不再正确, 使得 激光器发出的光信号异常。 其次, 当所述光模块的开关输入的突发使能信号有效时, 开关切换到 工作模式, 此时该开关的第一对输入端与输出端接通, 从而使数据信号通 过该开关到达 LDD, 进而使增益介质能够正常发射数据。 当外界输入的突 发使用信号无效时, 该开关切换到偏置模式, 此时该开关的第二对输入端 和输出端接通, GND连接到一个数据输入端 (如数据输入 +端, 即 IN+ ), VCC连接到另一个数据输入端 (如数据输入 -端, 即 IN- ), 此时相当于输 入至 LDD的数据是" 0", LDD也一直输出偏置电流至增益介盾。 从而实现了 光模块在有数据要发射时, 可以正常发射数据; 在没有数据要发射时, 提 供偏置电流至增益介质, 使得增益介质与法拉第旋转反射镜(Faraday Rotator Mi rror , FRM )之间的谐振得以保持,进而产生激射光。 (具体原理 将在激光器的结构中进一步解释)。
在光线路通信结构下(所述结构的具体示意图在下面的光网络系统实 施例中具体描述), 在任意一个光网络单元中釆用该光模块, 采用光模块 的突发发射方法可以实现各个光网络单元之间的有数据发送时, 正常发送 数据; 没有数据发送时, 提供一个最低的偏置电流给增益介质, 避免了在 该系统中, 没有数据发送时, 要完全关断光网络单元中的增益介质, 在下 一次发送数据前, 在重新打开所述增益介盾, 使得开启时间太长, 严重影 响系统的传输效率。 本发明实施例则减少了各个光网络单元的突发开启时 间, 进一步提升了整个光网络系统的效率。
另外, 所述光模块中的开关可以为光开关, 也可以为电开关, 通常采 用光开关。
所述用户侧的光网络单元中可以应用该光模块, 也可以在局端设备或 者中心端设备应用该光模块, 即, 在光线路终端中应用该光模块, 具体光 模块的工作原理同上面实施例描述的相同, 其具体结构将在下面图 5中详 细介绍。 另外, 该光模块也可以同时应用在光网络单元和光线路终端中。
本发明实施例还提供了一种光模块突发发射的方法, 所述方法应用于 上述光模块中(结构图请参见图 1 ), 所述光模块包括开关。 当所述开关的 控制端输入突发使能信号无效时, 所述开关切换到偏置模式, 提供偏置电 流给所述光模块; 当所述开关的控制端输入突发使能信号有效时, 所述开 关切换到工作模式, 所述光模块发送数据。 具体可以结合上述光模块的结 构图, 实现该光模块的突发发射方法, 这里就不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的一种光模块、光模块突发发射的方法,通过在光 模块的发射机中增加开关, 使得当所述开光的控制端输入突发使能信号 无效时, 所述开关切换到偏置模式, 为光模块提供偏置电流, 通过对现 有光模块突发发射方法的改进和对激光器结构的改进, 解决了现有激光 器采用种子光源导致的功率不足, 以及保证了光模块中有数据发送时能 迅速进行数据调制并发射,没有数据发送时,仍然提供较低的偏置电流给 光模块, 进而可以减少突发再开启的时间, 提高了整个光网络系统的传输 效率。
本发明实施例还提供了一种激光器的结构示意图, 如图 2或者图 3所 示。
本发明实施例提供的激光器包括: 增益介质、 滤波器和 FRM, 所述增 益介质、 所述滤波器和所述 FRM构成一个激光振荡腔, 所述增益介质发出 的光在所述振荡腔内往返振荡, 形成谐振, 进而产生激射光。 具体激光器 的结构, 请参见图 2以及图 3所示。
如图 2所示的激光器的结构示意图, 该激光器为一种自注入无色激光 器, 具体包括: 增益介质、 滤波器、 FRM、 1: 2分光器以及连接上述器件的 光纤。该 FRM放在与滤波器公共端口连接的一个 1 : 2分光器的一条分支光 纤上, 且该 1 : 2分光器的另一个分支连接至分支光纤上。 所述增益介质、 所述滤波器和所述 FRM构成一个激光振荡腔, 所述增益介质发出的光在所 述振荡腔内往返振荡, 形成谐振。 其中,所述增益介质在光网络单元的光 模块中。
所述 FRM可以包括: 全反射镜或者部分反射镜, 图 2所示的激光器为 FRM包括全反射镜时的结构示意图。
所述滤波器可以有多种, 波分复用器 ( Wave length Divi s ion Mul t iplexer , WDM )公共端与分支端之间具有滤波功能, WDM可实现滤波 器功能, 因此可采用 WDM。 较佳地, 该滤波器采用密集型波分复用滤波器 ( Dense Wavelength Divi s ion Mul t iplexer , DWDM ) 。
所述 1 : 2分光器也不限定于是 1 : 2的分光器, 任何分光器都可以适用。 所述 FRM也可以直接与滤波器相连接而不需要分光器。一般而言,当 FRM 是全反射镜时, 为了保证数据可以从增益介质发送出去, 通常会采用分光器 进行互相连接。 图 2与图 3所示的区別在于, 图 2中的 FRM包括全反射镜, 图 3中的 FRM包括部分反射镜, 且 FRM的一端与滤波器直接相连接。
图 3所示的激光器包括: FRM、 滤波器和增益介质。 其中, FM的一端 通过分支光纤与其它设备相连接, FRM的另一端通过光纤与滤波器相连接, 滤波器的一端与增益介盾相连, 所述增益介质在用户测的光网络单元的光 模块中。
所述滤波器可采用波分复用滤波器。 较佳地, 该滤波器采用密集型波 分复用滤波器。
另外, FRM 包括部分反射镜, 可以达到部分反射、 部分透射的效果, 同时还降低了 FRM反射光以及下行光信号的损耗, 原因是光每通过分光器 都会产生额外的损耗。 较佳地, 适当降低 FRM中部分反射镜的反射率, 可 确保增益介盾在 FRM上的输出功率足够大,从而满足整个链路的功率预算。
该激光器的工作原理如下: 以图 3的 FRM包括部分反射镜为例, 所述法 拉第旋转反射镜可以为 45度旋转发射镜, 其耦合至所述 WDM和所述外墙激 光器的输出端 (未标识)之间的光纤, 可将通过光纤入射的至少一部分光信号 的偏振方向旋转 45 X 2度并反射回所述光纤。 并且, 在具体实施例中, 所述 法拉第旋转反射镜也可以包括法拉第旋转器(Faraday Rotator , FR)和部分 反射镜其中所述法拉第旋转器为 45度旋转器, 其可以将光的偏振方向旋转 45度,因此入射光从进入所述法拉第旋转反射镜到经过其内部的部分反射 过程中, 需要穿过所述法拉第旋3转器两次', 由此使得所述反 光的偏振方 向与所述入射光的偏振方向相差 90度,即所述反射光的偏振方向与所述入 射光的偏振方向相互垂直。 所述增益介盾、 WDM及法拉第旋转反射镜通过 所述光纤构成一个激光振荡腔, 所述 TOM在激光振荡腔内起波长 (模式)筛 选的作用, 所述增益介盾发出的光在所述振荡腔内往返振荡形成激射光。
本发明实施例提供的一种激光器,通过在对激光器结构的改进,解决了 现有激光器采用种子光源导致的功率不足, 保证了局端或者用户侧都有足 够的光功率进行数据发送或者接收, 提高了系统的稳定性。 本发明实施例 还提供一种光网络系统的结构示意图, 如图 4所示。 本发明实施例提供的 光模块突发发射的方法、 光模块或者激光器都适用该光网络系统结构。 所 述光网络系统包括至少一个中心端 CO设备(如光线路终端)、 至少一个分 光器 Opt ica l Spl i t ter (下面筒称为 "Spl i t ter" ), 以及多组光网络单元。 所述光线路终端通过 Spl i t ter与多组光网絡单元连接, 其中任意一组光网 络单元中包括多个光网络单元, 所述多组光网单元之间通过时分复用方式与 所述光线路终端通信, 所述任意一组光网络单元中的各个光网络单元之间通 过波分复用方式与光线路终端通信。
具体地, 如图 4所示, 所述中心端设备包括多个光收发器, 分别为 W
_TRxl、 W-TRx2... -TRxn, 多个光收发器连接至波分复用器 WDM分支端, 该波分复用器 WDM连接至主干光纤上。 该 1: n的分光器 Optical Splitter (简称 Splitter)—端连接至主干光纤上, 另一端通过多条分支光纤分别与 多个 FRM连接。且每一 FRM与每一波分复用器 腿(包括第一波分复用器 TOM1、 第二波分复用器 WDM2 第 n波分复用器 WDMn )连接, 并通过多个波分复 用器 WDM 与多个用户侧的光收发器连接。 所述用户侧的光收发器分别为: W-TRxll, W-TRxl2, ...W-TRxlm, W-TRx21, W-TRx22, ...W-TRx2ra, ...W-TRxnl, W-TRxn2, ...W-TRxnm0 其中, 所述第一波分复用器 WDM1通过 m条分支光纤与 光收发器 W- TRxll, W-TRxl2, —W- TRxlm连接, 所述光收发器 W- TRxl 1的上 行波长和下行波长分别为 λ 1和 λ Γ , 所述光收发器 W-TRxl2的上行波长和 下行波长分别为 λ 2和 λ 2', ......,所述光收发器 W- TRxlm的上行波长和下行 波长分别为 ληι和 λπι' , 将所述光收发器 W- TRxll, W-TRxl2, ...W- TRxlm称 为一组光网络单元。依次类推, 所述第二波分复用器 W匪 2通过 m条分支光纤 与光收发器 W- TRx21, W-TRx22, 〜W- TRx2m连接, 所述光收发器 W- TRx21的 上行波长和下行波长分別为 λ 1和 λ ,将所述 W- TRx21,W- TRx22, ...¥-TRx2m 称为第二组光网络单元。依次类推, 第 n波分复用器 WDMn分别与第 n组光网 络单元连接, 所述光收发器 W-TRxnl 的上行波长和下行波长分别为 λ 1和 λ Γ , 所述光收发器 W- TRxn2的上行波长和下行波长分别为 λ 2和 λ 2' , ...... , 所述光收发器 W-TRxnm的上行波长和下行波长分别为 λ m和 λ m'。
任意一组光网络单元中的 m个光收发器之间由于波长不同, 分别通过波 分复用与中心端设备进行数据通信; 各组光网络单元通过时分复用方式与中 心端设备进行数据通信。 例如: 第 1组光网络单元包括: 光收发器 E-TRxll (其上行和下行波长分别为 λ 1和 λ )、 光收发器 Ε- TRxl 2 (其上行和下行 波长分别为 λ 2和 λ 2' ), 所述光收发器 E-TRxll和光收发器 E-TRxl2的上行 和下行波长不同, 因此所述光收发器 E-TRxl 1和光收发器 E-TRxl 2分别与中 心端设备(例如 0LT)之间通过波分复用的方式进行通信; 而第 1组光网络 单元中的光收发器 E-TRxll和第二组光网络单元的光收发器 W-TRx21的上行 和下行波长相同, 所以第 1组光网絡单元中的光收发器 E-TRxll和第二组光 网络单元的光收发器 W-TRx21之间通过时分复用的方式与中心端设备进行数 据通信。 当第 1组光网络单元、 第 2组光网络单元、 …第 n组光网络单元之间通 过时分复用方式与中心端设备(例如 0LT )通信时, 各组光网络单元就需要 采用突发发射的工作模式, 例如图 4中: W- TRxl l , W-TRx21 , ...W- TRxnl共 享上行波长 λ 1, 这样: Ψ-TRxl l , W-TRx21 , ...W-TRxnl之间属于同一个沖突 域。 因此,共享同一波长的各个光收发器需要釆用突发发射的工作模式, 即: 各收发器中的光模块中的增益介质在输入突发使能信号有效时, 能否正常发 送数据, 在输入突发使能信号无效, 没有数据发送时, 提供给增益介质一个 偏置电流, 而不是完全关闭该增益介质, 这样需要发送数据时, 可以减少突 发开启时间, 进而提升整个系统的传输效率, 具体光模块的突发发射方法可 以参照图 1以及图 1对应的实施例描述, 这里就不再赘述。 另外, 在上述光 网络系统中, FRM、 TOM以及任意一个光收发器中的增益介质组成一个激光 器(如图 2或者图 3所示), 包括: FRM、 滤波器以及增益介质, 所述增益 介质在光模块中。
下面详述图 4中的光信号传输过程: 下行时( 0LT发送数据至 0NU的 方向), 下行数据调制到谐振稳定的光载波上, 经 0LT侧的 WDM合光后传 输至主干光纤上, 经主干光纤到达用户侧后, 分光器将该下行信号的功率 平均分配到各个分支光纤上, 再通过各分支光纤将该下行信号传输至相应 WDM, 并经该 WDM传输至相应 0NU, 通过 0NU中的接收机接收该下行信号; 上行时( 0NU发送数据至 0LT的方向), 0NU中的增益介质将上行信 号发送至用户侧的 TOM, 经 WDM、 FRM、 增益介盾形成的谐振腔进行谐振, 再将上行信号通过分光器传输至 OLT; 0LT中的 WDM接收该上行信号, 并 将该上行信号耦合后, 通过该 TOM分支光纤传输至 0LT接收机进行接收。
此外, 所述激光器可以应用在用户侧的终端设备上, 也可以是应用在 中心端设备或者局端设备上,例如光线路终端。在 0LT侧采用该激光器时, 通过该激光器向用户侧设备发送光信号。 具体将通过下述图 5得以详述。
图 5为本发明实施例提供的激光器应用在 0LT中的结构示意图。 需要 说明的是, 0LT中的增益介质 1与 Rxl (接收机 1 ) 同属于一个光模块 1 , 增益介质 2与 Rx2 (接收机 2 ) 同属于一个光模块 2 , , 增益介质 n 与 Rxn (接收机 n )同属于一个光模块 n, 上述光模块参见图 1光模块示意 图。
图 5 , 增益介质与阵歹1 J式波导光栅 ( arrayed wavegu ide gra t ing , AWG ) 1、 FRM1构成该激光器, 该激光器原理与图 2或者图 3所示的激光器 组成原理相同, 不过两者所处波段不同, 目的是下行数据与上行数据相互 不受干扰, 其中 AWG也是波分复用器的一种。
图 5 ,在中心局 CO , AWG 1各分支与增益介质相连, AWG 1公共端与 FRM1 一端相连, 该 FRM1另一端与一环形器 1相连;并且该环形器 1还与 AWG 3 公共端相连, 该 AWG 3各分支分别连接至一接收机 Rx。 下面详述工作过程: 下行时, 下行数据调制到谐振稳定的光载波上, 该光信号经过环形器 1 , 该环形器 1 将该光信号导向主干光纤, 该主干光纤将该光信号传输至 用户侧;
上行时, 来自 0而的光信号经主干光纤传输至环形器 1 , 该环形器 1 将该光信号导向 AWG 3 (即接收机所属 AWG ), 经该 AWG 3耦合后传输至相应 接收机进行接收。
需要说明的是, 在中心局, 0LT中的激光器可以采用两个 ATO (如图 5 中的 AWG1和 AWG 3 ), 也可以釆用一个 AWG ; 同样, 在用户侧, 分光器的每 一分支光纤上可以采用两个 也可以采用一个 ATO。 在激光器包含一 个 AWG情况下, 0NU (或者 0LT )需要包含 WDM , 其用于将增益介质发射的 光信号发送出去, 并将来自 0LT的信号传输至接收机, 从而使发射信号、 接收信号互不干扰。 在激光器中包含两个 AWG情况下, 该激光器还需要还 包含一个环形器(参见图 5 ), 通过环形器将发射信号导向一个 AWG, 并将 接收信号导向另一 AWG , 从而使发射信号、 接收信号互不干扰。 此外, 图 5中所述 AWG可以是任意一种滤波器, 而不仅限于 AWG。
本发明实施例提供的一种光网络系统, 所述系统中共享同一波长的各 个光收发器需要采用突发发射的工作模式, 即: 各收发器中的光模块中的 增益介质在输入突发使能信号有效时, 能否正常发送数据, 在输入突发使 能信号无效, 没有数据发送时, 提供给增益介质一个偏置电流, 而不是完 全关闭该增益介质, 这样需要发送数据时, 可以减少突发开启时间, 进而 提升整个系统的传输效率。
显而易见, 在此描述的本发明可以有许多变化, 这种变化不能认为偏 离本发明的精神和范围。 因此, 所有对本领域技术人员显而易见的改变, 都包括在本权利要求书的涵盖范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种光模块, 所述光模块包括发射机和接收机, 其特征在于, 所述 发射机包括开关、 激光二级管驱动器和增益介质, 所述激光二级管 驱动器的输入端与开关连接, 所述激光二级管驱动器的输出端与增 益介质连接; 当所述开光的控制端输入突发使能信号无效时, 所述 开关切换到偏置模式, 通过所述激光二级管驱动器为增益介质提供 偏置电流。
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的光模块, 其特征在于, 所述光模块还用于, 当 所述开光的控制端输入突发使能信号有效时, 所述开关切换到工作 模式, 待发送的数据到达所述激光二级管驱动器后, 通过所述增益 介质发送出去。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的光模块, 其特征在于, 所述开关的第一对 输入端用于接收数据, 第二对输入端分别连接到电源和地, 控制端 接收突发使能信号, 所述开关的输出端连接所述激光二级管驱动器。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的光模块, 其特征在于, 所述开关具体用于, 当 所述开关的控制端输入的突发使能信号无效时, 所述开关的第二对 输入端与所述开关的输出端接通, 通过所述激光二级管驱动器为增 益介质提供偏置电流。
5、 如权利要求 3所述的光模块, 其特征在于, 所述开关具体用于, 当 控制端输入的突发使能信号有效时, 所述开关的第一对输入端与所 述开关的输出端接通, 使得所述待发送的数据到达所述激光二级管 驱动器。
6、 如权利要求 1-5任一所述的光模块, 其特征在于, 所述光模块在光 线路终端和 /或光网络单元中。
7、 一种光模块突发发射的方法, 其特征在于, 所述光模块包括开关, 所述方法包括: 当所述开关的控制端输入突发使能信号无效时, 所 述开关切换到偏置模式, 提供偏置电流给所述光模块。
8、 如权利要求 7 所述的光模块突发发射的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方 法还包括: 当所述开关的控制端输入突发使能信号有效时, 所述开 关切换到工作模式, 所述光模块发送数据。
9、 一种激光器, 其特征在于, 所述激光器包括增益介质、 滤波器和法拉 第旋转反射镜, 所述增益介质、 所述滤波器和所述法拉第旋转反射 镜构成一个激光振荡腔, 所述增益介质发出的光在所述振荡腔内往 返振荡, 形成谐振, 其中, 所述增益介质在如权利要求 1至 5任一项 的光模块中。
10、 一种光网络系统, 所述光网络系统包括光线路终端、 分光器和光网络 单元, 其特征在于, 所述光线路终端通过所述分光器与多组光网络单 元连接, 其中任意一组光网络单元中包括多个光网络单元, 所述多组 光网单元之间通过时分复用方式与所述光线路终端通信, 所述任意一 组光网絡单元中的各个光网络单元之间通过波分复用方式与光线路终 端通信。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的光网络系统, 其特征在于, 所述任意一组光网络 单元中的各个光网络单元包括如权利要求 1 - 5所述的光模块。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的光网络系统, 其特征在于, 所述光网络系统还包 括多个滤波器和多个法拉第旋转反射镜,所述任意一个法拉第旋转反 射镜的一端与分光器连接, 另一端与任意一个滤波器连接, 所述任 意一个滤波器的一端与所述法拉第旋转反射镜连接, 另一端分别与 任意一组光网络单元连接。
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