WO2012100640A1 - 基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置 - Google Patents

基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012100640A1
WO2012100640A1 PCT/CN2012/000039 CN2012000039W WO2012100640A1 WO 2012100640 A1 WO2012100640 A1 WO 2012100640A1 CN 2012000039 W CN2012000039 W CN 2012000039W WO 2012100640 A1 WO2012100640 A1 WO 2012100640A1
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Prior art keywords
speckle
solution
mie scattering
sol
brownian motion
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PCT/CN2012/000039
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈旭远
高文宏
石云波
唐国先
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中北大学
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Publication of WO2012100640A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012100640A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/48—Laser speckle optics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of display technology using coherent light as a light source, in particular to a speckle elimination device based on Mie scattering and Brownian motion, mainly for laser display technology and optical speckle phenomenon existing in optical instruments.
  • the technical solution for successfully eliminating the spot by controlling the laser time coherence to achieve practical requirements is basically based on multi-light source superposition; 2.
  • Eliminating speckle by controlling the spatial coherence of the laser beam is currently eliminated.
  • the main method of speckle the basic principle is to adjust the phase distribution of the elementary light wave in the laser beam, thereby changing the spatial distribution of the speckle, and superimposing the plurality of speckle images in the integration time of the human eye to obtain a uniform distribution of light energy.
  • the image in turn, achieves the purpose of eliminating speckle.
  • the specific methods are: using a rotating scatterer, a vibrating screen, and vibration
  • the patent discloses "a scattering-based dephasing shimming device" that requires the use of a scattering medium having particles having a diameter that must be less than one tenth of the wavelength of the incident light to effect Rayleigh scattering of the incident laser.
  • the patent utilizes an inorganic salt or an aqueous solution of an organic alcohol (such as NaCl, KCK KN0 3 or ZnSO ⁇ J solution) as a scattering medium, and the inorganic salt or organic alcohol aqueous solution is present in the form of a hydrated ion or a macromolecule, which is much smaller than the wavelength of the laser.
  • an organic alcohol such as NaCl, KCK KN0 3 or ZnSO ⁇ J solution
  • the speckle was removed at room temperature by a light pipe filled with a saturated NaCl aqueous solution having a length of 50 mm. As a result, as shown in Fig. 1, the speckle contrast was 70%, which hardly played. Reduce the effect of speckle.
  • the present invention provides a speckle elimination device based on Mie scattering and Brownian motion in order to solve the problems of poor speckle removal, complex structure, easy damage, and high cost in the existing speckle elimination method.
  • a speckle elimination device based on Mie scattering and Brownian motion comprising a closed optical reflection cavity provided with an incident light coupling device and a transmission exit surface, and a closed optical reflection cavity except for transmission
  • the inner wall outside the inner wall of the exit surface is a "mirror" inner wall (ie, the inner wall has a high reflectivity characteristic, can "total reflection” of the laser beam incident on the optical reflection cavity), and the closed optical reflection cavity is filled with the entire closed type
  • the solution or sol of the optical reflection cavity, and the solution or sol is dispersed with medium particles whose linearity can cause Mie scattering of the incident laser.
  • the laser beam emitted by the laser light source is incident on the solution or sol in the optical reflection cavity through the incident light coupling device on the optical reflection cavity, and acts with the medium particles dispersed in the solution or the sol.
  • Scattering (as shown in Figure 3, when incident laser 101 illuminates medium particles 402 occurs When scattering, the scattered light intensity scattered by the incident laser 101 is distributed over a wide range of angles, mainly concentrated on the forward scattered light 104, 105, 106, which generally accounts for more than 90% of the total scattering; the backscattered light 102 It occupies only a small portion, usually less than 10%; the scattered light 105 along the advancing direction of the incident laser is the strongest, and the scattered light 103, 107 in the vertical direction is the weakest, so the incident laser is scattered by the medium particles 402, and the beam is split into many Scattered light of varying intensities, while the scattering angle of the scattered light is enlarged), split into a plurality of scattered light of varying intensity, or reflected by the
  • the present invention provides an optical reflection cavity filled with a solution or a sol, in which a medium particle dispersed in a solution or a sol is subjected to Mie scattering from an incident laser, and is subjected to scattering and splitting, and is based on The random Brownian motion of the medium particles in the solution or sol randomly changes the propagation direction and path of the scattered beam in the optical reflection cavity, so that the exit surface of the optical reflection cavity is emitted at different times with different phase distribution and scattering angle. Scattering light; thereby changing the spatial distribution of speckle after projection, so that a plurality of speckle images are superimposed in the integration time of the human eye, and an image with uniform distribution of light energy is obtained, thereby effectively eliminating speckle.
  • the speckle contrast of the image can be less than 4%, as shown in FIG. 5, the speckle contrast of the image is as low as 2.78%, and the speckle is eliminated.
  • the effect is excellent; and the speckle elimination effect can be improved by increasing the temperature of the solution or sol, the concentration of the medium particles in the solution or the sol; and the random Brownian motion of the medium particles in the solution or sol according to the present invention is a spontaneous movement phenomenon.
  • the external structure of the device of the present invention is in a static state, which is more advantageous than the prior art; the present invention performs "total reflection” on the incident laser in the optical reflection cavity, and the total incidence of the incident laser
  • the light energy loss is very small, which ensures the high utilization of the laser, and achieves the purpose of uniformity in the process of "total reflection”; in addition, the structure of the optical reflection cavity used in the invention is very common, and the solution and the sol do not need to select a special material. Has the advantage of low cost.
  • the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, compactness, easy realization, low cost, good speckle elimination effect, high laser utilization rate, stable performance, safety and reliability, and uniform light function.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing the angular distribution of light intensity of Mie scattering
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a transmission state of a light beam in the device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing test results obtained by using the apparatus of the present invention to eliminate speckle
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of application of the device of the present invention in a point scan display system
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of application of the device of the present invention in a full frame display system
  • 300-speckle elimination device 301-incident optical coupling device; 302-closed optical reflection cavity; 303- transmission exit surface; 304-incident optical aperture; 305, 306, 307-speckle elimination device;
  • the speckle reduction device based on Mie scattering and Brownian motion includes a closed optical reflection cavity 302 on which an incident light coupling device 301 and a transmission exit surface 303 are disposed, and the closed optical reflection cavity 302 is transmissive.
  • the inner wall of the outer surface of the exit surface 303 is a "mirror" inner wall (ie, the inner wall has a high reflectivity characteristic, can "total reflection” of the laser beam incident into the optical reflection cavity), and the closed optical reflection cavity 302 is filled with the entire
  • the solution or sol 401 of the closed optical reflection cavity 302 is dispersed in the solution or sol 401 with media particles 402 whose linearity can cause Mie scattering of the incident laser light 101.
  • the solution is an organic solution or an inorganic solution
  • the sol is an aerosol or a sol
  • the medium particles 402 may be medium particles such as polystyrene microspheres and titanium dioxide particles (Ti0 2 );
  • the optical reflection cavity 302 is mostly made of metal, plane mirror, transparent plastic or glass, and the shape thereof is not particularly limited, and a tubular cavity is generally used; the surface of the transmission exit surface 303 of the closed optical reflection cavity 302 is selected from transparent plastic or glass. Processed, and mostly rectangular or circular, and the surface is provided with an anti-reflection film matched with the incident laser 101 band;
  • the incident light coupling device 301 on the closed optical reflection cavity 302 can be implemented as follows: a transmission incident surface is used, and an antireflection film matching the incident laser beam 101 is provided on the surface; or an incident aperture structure is adopted, and An optical coupling element such as a lens is disposed on the incident aperture 304.
  • the speckle elimination device of the present invention can be applied to a laser projection display technology, for example:
  • the display is applied to a Raster-Scanned Displays system, and the signal sources 601, 602, 603 respectively modulate the output power of the three primary color lasers 501, 502, 503 according to the information of each pixel on the two-dimensional image; coupling the incident speckle elimination device of the present invention 300, the modulated exported after exit surface, projected onto the screen 800 through the lenses 700 and the micro-scanning mirror (scan Mirro r) 712. Driven by the electrical signal, the micro-scanning mirror 712 scans the screen on a pixel-by-pixel basis from the two-dimensional image.
  • This application example is suitable for point-scan laser projectors and laser TV displays.
  • three primary color lasers 501, 502, 503 output a constant power laser beam, respectively coupled and introduced into the speckle elimination device 305, 306, 307 of the present invention.
  • the relay lenses 701, 704, 707, the plane mirror 708 and the TIR prisms 703, 705, 709 converge to the light modulators DLP 702, 706, 710; the light modulators DLP 702, 706, 710 according to each frame 2
  • the dimensional image information is modulated to produce a monochrome image; the three primary color images are blended by prism 711 and projected by lens 700 onto screen 800.
  • This application example is suitable for laser projectors and laser TV displays based on optical modulators such as DMD and LCOS.

Description

技术领域
本发明涉及以相干光为光源的显示技术领域，具体是一种基于米氏散射及 布朗运动的散斑消除装置，主要针对激光显示技术及光学仪器中存在的光学散 斑现象。
背景技术
以激光为光源照射屏幕时， 由于激光的相干性及屏幕的粗糙， 导致人眼看 到被散斑覆盖的图像， 严重影响图像显示质量， 阻碍观察者从图像中提取有用 信息。 因此， 如何消除散斑一直是以激光为光源的光学仪器领域和显示技术领 域中的研发热点。而就目前的研究结果来看， 为消除散斑所用的方法大致可以 分为两大类： 一、通过控制激光光源的时间相干性来降低散斑， 其原理是通过 调整激光波长 (或者频率)及多波长光源产生沸腾散斑， 目前通过控制激光时间 相干性成功消除光斑达到实用要求的技术方案基本上以多光源叠加为主； 二、 通过控制激光光束空间相干性消除散斑， 是目前消除散斑的主要方法， 基本原 理是调整激光光束中基元光波的相位分布， 从而改变散斑的空间分布， 将多个 散斑图像在人眼积分时间内相叠加， 得到一个光能分布均匀的图像， 进而实现 消除散斑的目的。 具体的方法有： 采用旋转散射体、 振动屏幕、 振动具有
Hadamard 图形散射体、 高频振动光纤等。 上述方法， 或要借助机械振动， 甚 至需要高频或大幅振动， 或要集成多光源， 实现结构复杂、 易损坏、 成本高， 更主要的是散斑消除效果不佳。
也有未借助机械振动的技术方案，例如：专利号为 200820122639.7的中国 专利公开了 "一种基于散射的消相干匀场装置"， 要求使用含有直径必须小于 入射光波长十分之一的颗粒的散射介质， 以实现对入射激光形成瑞利散射。专 利中利用无机盐或有机醇水溶液 (如 NaCl、 KCK KN03或 ZnSO^J溶液)作为 散射介质， 基于无机盐或有机醇水溶液的存在形式是水合离子或大分子， 相对 于激光波长小很多， 会对入射激光形成瑞利散射， 以此实现入射激光分束， 并 在光导管内传导， 以期降低入射激光的相干性来消除散斑， 同时利用光导管的 混光作用， 将上述分束光进行匀化来匀场消相干。但按该申请所述技术方法进 行试验， 在室温下， 利用长度为 50mm、 充满饱和 NaCl水溶液的光导管消除 散斑，结果如图 1所示，其散斑对比度为 70%，几乎没有起到降低散斑的作用。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有散斑消除方法存在的消除散斑效果不佳、实现结构复 杂、 易损坏、 成本高等问题， 提供了一种基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除 装置。
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的：基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除 装置， 包括其上设有入射光耦合装置和透射出射面的封闭式光学反射腔， 封闭 式光学反射腔除透射出射面内壁之外的内壁皆为"镜面"内壁（即内壁具有高反 射率特性， 能"全反射"入射于光学反射腔内的激光光束） ， 封闭式光学反射腔 内填有充满整个封闭式光学反射腔的溶液或溶胶，且溶液或溶胶内散布有其线 度能引起入射激光发生米氏散射的介质粒子。
应用时， 如图 4所示， 由激光光源发射的激光光束经光学反射腔上的入射 光耦合装置入射到光学反射腔内的溶液或溶胶中，与溶液或溶胶中散布的介质 粒子作用发生米氏散射 （如图 3所示， 当入射激光 101照射介质粒子 402发生米 氏散射时， 入射激光 101散射后的散射光光强分布于一个很宽的角度范围内， 主要集中于前向散射光 104、 105、 106, 一般占总散射 90%以上； 后向散射光 102只占很小部分，通常小于 10%;沿入射激光前进方向的散射光 105光强最强， 垂直方向的散射光 103、 107最弱， 因此入射激光经介质粒子 402散射后， 分束 成多个强度不等的散射光， 同时散射光的散射角分布扩大） ， 分束成多个强度 不等的散射光， 或经光学反射腔内壁反射， 或再次与溶液或溶胶中散布的介质 粒子作用发生米氏散射， 散射光分束为更多的散射光， 经多次米氏散射后， 由 光学反射腔的透射出射面出射； 由于溶液或溶胶中介质粒子一直在做无规律的 布朗运动， 入射激光会与溶液或溶胶中运动的介质粒子随机作用发生米氏散 射， 使得各时刻入射激光的散射光会随机改变在溶液或溶胶中传播方向和路 径，最终在光学反射腔出射面出射的散射光的相位分布、散射角分布随机变化。 而不同时刻的出射散射光具有不同的相位分布、 散射角分布， 经投影后， 分别 会对应产生一个散斑图像；在人眼积分时间（50ms)内， 多个散斑图像相叠加， 会得到一个光能分布均匀的图像， 进而实现了消除散斑现象的目的。
与现有技术相比， 本发明设置充满溶液或溶胶的光学反射腔， 在光学反射 腔内以溶液或溶胶中散布的介质粒子弓 I起入射激光发生米氏散射，进行散射分 束， 并基于介质粒子在溶液或溶胶内的无规则布朗运动， 随机改变散射光束在 光学反射腔中的传播方向和路径，使得光学反射腔出射面在不同时间以不同的 相位分布和散射角分布出射入射激光的散射光；从而改变投影后产生散斑的空 间分布， 使多个散斑图像在人眼积分时间内相叠加， 得到一个光能分布均勾的 图像， 进而有效消除散斑。 且经试验测试， 应用本发明所述装置后， 图像的散 斑对比度可低于 4%， 如图 5所示， 图像的散斑对比度已低至 2.78%， 散斑消除 效果极好； 并可以通过提高溶液或溶胶的温度、溶液或溶胶中的介质粒子浓度 来提高散斑消除效果；而且本发明依据的溶液或溶胶中介质粒子的无规则布朗 运动属于自发性运动现象， 无需外界能量的驱动， 使得本发明所述装置的整体 结构处于静止状态， 相比于现有技术更具优势； 本发明于光学反射腔中对入射 激光进行"全反射"， 入射激光的总体光能损失甚微， 保证了激光的高利用率， 并在"全反射 "过程中实现了匀光目的； 此外， 本发明所用光学反射腔结构极为 普通， 且溶液、 溶胶也无须选择特殊材料， 具有低造价的优势。
本发明结构合理、 紧凑， 易实现， 造价低， 散斑消除效果好， 激光利用率 高， 性能稳定， 安全可靠， 并具有匀光功能。
附图说明
图 1为利用一现有技术消除散斑获得的测试结果图；
图 2为本发明的结构示意图；
图 3为米氏散射的光强角分布图；
图 4为本发明所述装置内光束的传输状态示意图；
图 5为利用本发明所述装置消除散斑获得的测试结果图；
图 6为本发明所述装置在点扫描显示系统中的应用示意图；
图 7为本发明所述装置在全帧显示系统中的应用示意图；
图中： 101-入射激光; 102、 1,03、 104、 105、 106、 107-散射光；
300-散斑消除装置； 301-入射光耦合装置； 302-封闭式光学反射腔； 303- 透射出射面； 304-入射光孔； 305、 306、 307-散斑消除装置；
401-溶液或溶胶； 402-介质粒子；
501、 502、 503-激光器; 601、 602、 603-信号源；
700-透镜； 701-中继透镜； 702-光调制器 DLP; 703-TIR棱镜； 704-中继透 镜； 705-TIR棱镜； 706-光调制器 DLP; 707-中继透镜； 708-平面镜； 709-TIR 棱镜； 710-光调制器 DLP; 711-棱镜； 712-微扫描镜；
800-屏幕。
具体实施方式
如图 2所示， 基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置， 包括其上设有入 射光耦合装置 301和透射出射面 303的封闭式光学反射腔 302， 封闭式光学反射 腔 302除透射出射面 303内壁之外的内壁皆为 "镜面 "内壁（即内壁具有高反射率 特性， 能"全反射"入射于光学反射腔内的激光光束） ， 封闭式光学反射腔 302 内填有充满整个封闭式光学反射腔 302的溶液或溶胶 401， 且溶液或溶胶 401内 散布有其线度能引起入射激光 101发生米氏散射的介质粒子 402。
具体实施时， 所述溶液为有机溶液或无机溶液； 所述溶胶为气溶胶或液溶 胶； 所述介质粒子 402可以采用聚苯乙烯微球、 二氧化钛粒子 （Ti02) 等介质 粒子； 所述封闭式光学反射腔 302多选用金属、 平面镜、 透明塑料或玻璃加工 制作， 且其形状无需特别限定， 一般多采用管状腔体； 封闭式光学反射腔 302 的透射出射面 303表面多选用透明塑料或玻璃加工制作， 且多为矩形平面或圆 形平面， 且表面设有与入射激光 101波段匹配的增透膜；
所述封闭式光学反射腔 302上的入射光耦合装置 301可以按如下结构实现- 采用透射入射面， 并在表面设有与入射激光 101波段匹配的增透膜； 或者采用 入射光孔结构， 并在入射光孔 304上配设有光学耦合元件， 如： 透镜。
本发明所述散斑消除装置能应用于激光投影显示技术中， 例如： 如图 6所 示， 应用于点扫描投影 (Raster-Scanned Displays)系统， 信号源 601、 602、 603 根据二维图像上每个像素的信息分别调制三基色激光器 501、 502、 503输出功 率； 三个入射激光同时耦合入射本发明所述散斑消除装置 300， 经调制后于出 射面导出， 通过透镜 700和微扫描镜 (Scan Mirror)712投影到屏幕 800。在电信号 的驱动下， 微扫描镜 712根据二维图像逐像素扫描到屏幕上。 本应用实例适用 于点扫描的激光投影仪和激光电视显示。
如图 7所示， 应用于全帧显示投影 (Full-Frame Displays)系统， 三基色激光 器 501、 502、 503输出恒定功率激光光束， 分别耦合导入本发明所述散斑消除 装置 305、 306、 307； 经调制后， 由中继透镜 701、 704、 707, 平面镜 708及 TIR 棱镜 703、 705、 709汇聚到光调制器 DLP 702、 706、 710； 光调制器 DLP 702、 706、 710根据每帧 2维图像信息调制生成单色图像；三基色图像经棱镜 711融和， 由透镜 700投影至屏幕 800。 本应用实例适用于基于 DMD、 LCOS等光调制器 件的激光投影仪和激光电视显示。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置， 其特征在于： 包括其 上设有入射光耦合装置（301 )和透射出射面（303 )的封闭式光学反射腔（302)， 封闭式光学反射腔 （302) 除透射出射面（303 ) 内壁之外的内壁皆为 "镜面 "内 壁， 封闭式光学反射腔（302) 内填有充满整个封闭式光学反射腔（302) 的溶 液或溶胶（401 )，且溶液或溶胶（401 )内散布有其线度能引起入射激光（101 ) 发生米氏散射的介质粒子 （402) 。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置， 其特 征在于： 所述溶液为有机溶液或无机溶液。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置， 其特 征在于： 所述溶胶为气溶胶或液溶胶。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置， 其特 征在于： 所述介质粒子 （402) 采用聚苯乙烯微球、 或者二氧化钛粒子。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置， 其特 征在于： 封闭式光学反射腔（302) 的透射出射面（303 )表面设有与入射激光
( 101 ) 波段匹配的增透膜。
PCT/CN2012/000039 2011-01-29 2012-01-10 基于米氏散射及布朗运动的散斑消除装置 WO2012100640A1 (zh)

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CN108152989B (zh) * 2017-12-20 2020-09-29 山西大学 一种基于布朗运动及空芯光纤的消散斑装置及方法
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