WO2012100564A2 - 自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路 - Google Patents

自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012100564A2
WO2012100564A2 PCT/CN2011/080855 CN2011080855W WO2012100564A2 WO 2012100564 A2 WO2012100564 A2 WO 2012100564A2 CN 2011080855 W CN2011080855 W CN 2011080855W WO 2012100564 A2 WO2012100564 A2 WO 2012100564A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
surge
control
circuit
driving
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PCT/CN2011/080855
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2012100564A3 (zh
Inventor
段卫垠
刘利雄
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深圳市航嘉驰源电气股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市航嘉驰源电气股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市航嘉驰源电气股份有限公司
Priority to US13/512,023 priority Critical patent/US8982522B2/en
Publication of WO2012100564A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012100564A2/zh
Publication of WO2012100564A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012100564A3/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/04—Arrangements for preventing response to transient abnormal conditions, e.g. to lightning or to short duration over voltage or oscillations; Damping the influence of dc component by short circuits in ac networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of surge protection, and in particular to an adaptive lightning protection and surge control circuit.
  • switching power supply has a wider range of applications than traditional linear power supplies because of its small size and high efficiency.
  • switching power supplies have gradually replaced linear power supplies, which has a huge effect.
  • the anti-surge circuit generally uses a thermistor, a thyristor shunt resistor or a relay parallel power resistor.
  • a simple thermistor although it can increase the impedance of the power input loop, effectively prevent cold start surge, lightning strikes and operating overvoltage, but it will also reduce the power efficiency, and also cause large surge current and power damage caused by hot boot. .
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit, which aims to satisfy both lightning strike and startup surge without reducing power supply efficiency.
  • the invention provides an adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit, which is applied to a switching power supply, which comprises an AC input power supply, a filter rectifier circuit and a power conversion circuit which are sequentially connected.
  • the adaptive lightning protection surge control circuit may include an anti-surge unit, a switching unit, a sampling unit, and a control driving unit; wherein the anti-surge unit is connected between the filter rectifier circuit and the power conversion circuit;
  • the switching unit is connected in parallel with the anti-surge unit to adjust the input impedance of the switching power supply;
  • the sampling unit is connected to the filter rectifier circuit to collect the surge signal of the filter rectifier circuit;
  • the control driving unit is connected with the sampling unit, according to the wave
  • the surge signal generates a drive control signal to control the on or off of the switch unit.
  • the sampling unit includes a sampling resistor of the switching unit as a sampling resistor, and is connected to the filter rectifier circuit to acquire a surge signal of the filter rectifier circuit.
  • the sampling unit further includes a voltage reference and a voltage dividing circuit and an isolating circuit sequentially connected to the voltage reference; the voltage reference is connected to the sampling resistor, and the negative voltage surge signal collected by the sampling resistor is level-converted, and the power is passed through.
  • the flat-converted surge signal is a voltage signal that varies from zero to the reference voltage.
  • the control driving unit includes a control circuit and a driving circuit, wherein the control circuit includes a reference power source and a comparator, and the input ends of the comparator are respectively connected to the reference power source and the isolation circuit to generate a surge signal and a reference power source.
  • the reference signal is compared, and the control signal is output to control the driving unit to generate a driving voltage;
  • the driving circuit includes a driving power source, a first switching tube and a second switching tube, and a base of the second switching tube and the comparator The output end is connected, the emitter is grounded, the collector is connected to the base of the first switch tube, the emitter of the first switch tube is connected to the driving power source, and the collector is connected to the switch unit.
  • control circuit further includes an emitter follower connected between the isolation circuit and the comparator.
  • the above switching unit is a field effect transistor or a relay.
  • the adaptive lightning protection surge control circuit further comprises a drive protection unit connected between the control drive unit and the switch unit, and also connected to the filter rectifier circuit, according to the filter rectification The output voltage of the circuit adjusts the drive voltage generated by the control drive unit.
  • the driving protection unit comprises a triode and a TVS diode
  • the base of the triode is connected to the control driving unit
  • the collector is connected to the filter rectifier circuit
  • the emitter is respectively connected to the control driving unit and the switching unit
  • the TVS diode respectively Connected to the emitter and collector of the triode.
  • the adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit of the invention detects the voltage change of the output terminal GND-1 of the filter rectifier circuit, and adjusts the input impedance of the switching power supply according to the voltage change, thereby limiting the inrush current when a surge phenomenon occurs.
  • the size of the device protects the safety and life of components such as power supply devices and improves power efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of a sampling unit and a control driving unit in an embodiment of the adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of an adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of a drive protection unit in another embodiment of the adaptive lightning protection and surge control circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit of the present invention.
  • the adaptive lightning protection and surge control circuit 2 of the present embodiment can be applied to the switching power supply 1, and can of course be applied to other power supply circuits, such as a flyback converter, a PFC circuit, and the like.
  • the switching power supply 1 includes an AC input power source 10, a filter rectifier circuit 11 and a power conversion circuit 12 that are sequentially connected.
  • the adaptive lightning protection surge control circuit 2 includes an anti-surge unit 20, a switching unit 21, a sampling unit 22, and a control driving unit 23.
  • the anti-surge unit 20 is connected between the filter rectifier circuit 11 and the power conversion circuit 12; the switch unit 21 is connected in parallel with the anti-surge unit 20 to adjust the input impedance of the switching power supply 1; the sampling unit 22 is connected to the filter rectifier circuit 11.
  • the surge signal of the filter rectifier circuit 11 can be collected; the control drive unit 23 is connected to the sampling unit 22, and the drive control signal can be generated according to the surge signal acquired by the sampling unit 22 to control the on or off of the switch unit 21.
  • the control driving unit 23 can control the switching unit 21 to be cut off according to the surge signal collected by the sampling unit 22.
  • the anti-surge unit 20 is connected to the input circuit of the switching power supply 1, so that the impedance is increased and the surge current is also suppressed.
  • the control driving unit 23 controls the switching unit 21 to be in an on state according to the surge signal collected by the sampling unit 22.
  • the surge unit 20 will be separated from the input circuit of the switching power supply 1, so that the impedance is reduced, and the power conversion efficiency can be improved.
  • the adaptive lightning protection and surge control circuit detects the voltage change at the output end of the filter rectifier circuit 11 and adjusts the input impedance of the switching power supply 1 according to the voltage change, thereby limiting the surge current when a surge phenomenon occurs. Size, protect the safety and life of components such as power supply devices, and improve power efficiency.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of an embodiment of a sampling unit and a control driving unit in the adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit of the present invention.
  • the sampling unit 22 includes a sampling resistor with a switching impedance of the switching unit 21 and a sampling voltage dividing resistor R1, R2.
  • the sampling resistor is connected to the filter rectifier circuit 11, and the wave at the output end GND_1 of the filter rectifier circuit 11 can be collected.
  • the surge signal, the sampling voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 are connected to the sampling resistor, and the surge signal can be divided and processed to protect the latter circuit.
  • the control driving unit 23 can include a control circuit and a driving circuit.
  • the control circuit includes a reference power source V1 and a comparator U1.
  • the input terminals of the comparator U1 are respectively connected to the reference power source V1 and the sampling voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, and the sampling resistor can be
  • the surge signal obtained by the on-resistance of the switching unit is compared with a reference signal supplied from the reference power source V1, and a control signal is output to control the driving circuit to generate a driving voltage.
  • the driving circuit includes a driving power source VCC, a first switching transistor Q1 and a second switching transistor Q2.
  • the base of the second switching transistor Q2 is connected to the output end of the comparator U1, the emitter is grounded, and the collector and the base of the first switching transistor Q1 are connected.
  • the pole is connected, the emitter of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to the driving power source VCC, and the collector is connected to the switching unit 21.
  • the comparator U1 When the voltage of the output terminal GND_1 of the filter rectifier circuit 11 is less than or equal to the reference voltage provided by the reference power source V1, the comparator U1 outputs a low level, driving the second switch transistor Q2 and the first switch transistor Q1 to be turned off, thus driving the power source VCC.
  • the driving voltage cannot be generated by the first switching transistor Q1, and the switching unit 21 will be in an off state, so that the anti-surge unit 20 can be connected to the input circuit of the switching power supply 1 to limit the inrush current until it subsides; when the filter rectifier circuit 11 When the voltage of the output terminal GND_1 is greater than the reference voltage provided by the reference power supply V1, the comparator U1 outputs a high level, driving the second switching transistor Q2 and the first switching transistor Q1 to be turned on, so the driving power source VCC can pass the first switch.
  • the tube Q1 generates a driving voltage, and the driving switch unit 21 is in an on state, so that the anti-surge unit 20 can be separated from the input circuit of the switching power supply 1, and the switching power supply 1 resumes normal operation.
  • the sampling unit 22 further includes a voltage reference Verf, voltage dividing resistors R3 and R6, and an isolating diode D1.
  • the GND-1 of the rectifying and filtering circuit 11 is connected to the sampling voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2, and one end of the sampling voltage dividing resistor R2 is connected to the voltage reference Verf; one end of the voltage dividing resistor R3 is connected to the sampling voltage dividing resistor R1, and the other end is isolated.
  • One end of the diode D1 is connected; the other end of the isolation diode D1 is respectively connected to the voltage dividing resistor R6 and the control driving unit 23.
  • the isolation diode D1 constitutes an isolation circuit; when the isolation diode D1 is conducting, the voltage dividing resistors R3 and R6 form two. Secondary voltage divider circuit.
  • the voltage reference Verf is a constant positive voltage, and the GND-1 is a floating negative voltage.
  • the sampling voltage dividing resistors R1 and R2 divide the voltage signal at Verf-GND_1; when the inrush current subsides, the voltage dividing resistor
  • the input voltage of R3 to the isolation diode D1 is greater than zero, and the isolation diode D1 is turned on; when the surge current passes, the input voltage of the voltage dividing resistor R3 to the isolation diode D1 is less than zero, and the isolation diode D1 is turned off.
  • the voltage reference can level-shift the surge signal such that the voltage across the isolation diode D1 is a change value between 0 and Verf to meet the requirement that the input voltage of the comparator U1 is greater than zero.
  • control driving unit 23 may further include an emitter follower U2 connected between the isolation diode D1 and the comparator U1.
  • the non-inverting input terminal of the emitter follower U2 is connected to the isolation diode D1 through the resistor R4; the emitter follower U2
  • the inverting input is coupled to the output of the emitter follower U2 via a resistor R5, and the output of the emitter follower U2 is coupled to an input of the comparator U1.
  • the emitter follower U2 acts as an isolation to avoid the influence of the subsequent stage circuit on the front stage circuit.
  • a resistor R7, R8 is further connected between the comparator U1 and the base of the second switching transistor Q2, and a resistor R9 is further connected between the collector of the second switching transistor Q2 and the base of the first switching transistor Q1.
  • a resistor R10 is further connected between the emitter and the base of the switching transistor Q1, and a resistor R11 is further connected between the collector of the first switching transistor Q1 and the switching unit 21.
  • the resistors R7 and R8 are driving voltage dividing resistors of the second switching transistor Q2; the resistors R9 and R10 are driving resistors of the first switching transistor Q1; and R11 is a driving resistor of the switching unit 21.
  • the anti-surge unit 20 is preferably a resistance device, and may also be other anti-surge devices.
  • the switching unit 21 is preferably a field effect transistor MOSFET or a relay.
  • the drive signal generated by the control drive unit 23 is a drive signal common to the power conversion circuit 12, and is connected to the drive winding of the relay.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the adaptive lightning protection and surge prevention control circuit of the present invention.
  • the adaptive lightning protection and surge control circuit of the embodiment further includes a drive protection unit 24, and the drive protection unit 24 and the control drive unit 23 and The filter rectifier circuit 11 is connected, and the drive voltage generated by the control drive unit 23 is adjusted in accordance with the output voltage of the filter rectifier circuit 11.
  • the driving protection unit 24 includes a transistor Q3 and a TVS diode VAR1.
  • the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the control driving unit 23, the collector is connected to the filter rectifier circuit 11, and the emitter is respectively connected to the control driving unit 23 and the switching unit 21.
  • the TVS diode VAR1 is connected to the emitter and collector of the transistor Q3, respectively.
  • the TVS diode VAR1 can clamp the driving voltage of the switching unit 21 within a safe range, and when the control driving unit 23 generates a driving signal that causes the switching unit 21 to be in an off state, Transistor Q3 can speed up the transfer of the drive signal, causing switch unit 21 to be turned off.

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Description

自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路
技术领域
本发明涉及浪涌保护领域，尤其涉及一种自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路。
背景技术
随着电源技术的快速发展，开关电源由于具有体积小、效率高的特点，所以相比传统的线性电源，其应用范围更加广泛。尤其在计算机、通讯、工业控制、仪器仪表、医疗设备等领域，开关电源已经逐渐取代线性电源，产生着巨大的作用。
同时，节能和环保已成为全球对耗能设备的基本要求。在通讯电源和工业电源的实际应用中，电源所工作的环境条件越来越恶劣，电源工作的低温条件由原来的－25℃正常工作要求下降到－40℃或更低仍能正常工作。电源工作的高温条件由原来的＋55℃正常工作要求上升＋75℃或更高仍能正常工作。而且，在电源的开机、异常使用或雷击时均会出现浪涌，这将对电源的正常使用造成极大的影响。因此，一般在设计电源时均会设置防浪涌电路。
现有技术中，防浪涌电路一般使用热敏电阻、可控硅并联电阻或继电器并联功率电阻等。采用单纯的热敏电阻，虽然可以增加电源输入回路阻抗，有效防止冷开机浪涌、雷击和操作过电压，但是其也会降低电源效率，同时导致热开机的浪涌电流大及功率受损等。采用可控硅并联电阻，虽然使得高低温冲击性能好，但其控制上必须外加驱动绕组驱动，在中大功率电源里损耗较大；采用继电器并联功率电阻，虽然可以完全地限制开机浪涌电流，但无法防止雷击和操作过电压导致的巨大浪涌电流对其功率器件造成损害。
综上所述，现有技术方案均无法满足既能防雷击和开机浪涌，又不降低电源效率的要求。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，旨在满足既能防止雷击和开机浪涌，又不降低电源效率。
本发明提供了一种自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，应用于开关电源中，该开关电源包括依次连接的AC输入电源，滤波整流电路及电源变换电路。
该自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路可包括防浪涌单元、开关单元、采样单元及控制驱动单元；其中，所述防浪涌单元连接在所述滤波整流电路及电源变换电路之间；所述开关单元与防浪涌单元并联，调节开关电源的输入阻抗；所述采样单元与滤波整流电路连接，采集滤波整流电路的浪涌信号；所述控制驱动单元与采样单元连接，根据所述浪涌信号，产生驱动控制信号，控制所述开关单元的导通或截止。
优选地，上述采样单元包括以开关单元的导通阻抗为采样电阻，与所述滤波整流电路连接，采集滤波整流电路的浪涌信号。
优选地，上述采样单元还包括电压基准，及与电压基准依次连接的分压电路和隔离电路；电压基准与采样电阻连接，对采样电阻采集到的负电压浪涌信号进行电平转换，经过电平转换的浪涌信号是从零到基准电压间变化的电压信号。
优选地，上述控制驱动单元包括控制电路及驱动电路；其中控制电路包括参考电源及比较器，所述比较器的输入端分别与参考电源及所述隔离电路连接，将浪涌信号与参考电源产生的参考信号进行比较，输出控制信号，控制驱动单元产生驱动电压；所述驱动电路包括驱动电源、第一开关管及第二开关管，所述第二开关管的基极与所述比较器的输出端连接，发射极接地，集电极与所述第一开关管的基极连接，所述第一开关管的发射极与驱动电源连接，集电极与所述开关单元连接。
优选地，上述控制电路还包括射随器，所述射随器连接在隔离电路与比较器之间。
优选地，上述开关单元为场效应管或者继电器。
优选地，当开关单元为场效应管时，上述自适应防雷放浪涌控制电路还包括驱动保护单元，连接在控制驱动单元与开关单元之间，且还与滤波整流电路连接，根据滤波整流电路的输出电压，调节控制驱动单元产生的驱动电压。
优选地，上述驱动保护单元包括三极管及TVS二极管，所述三极管的基极与控制驱动单元连接，集电极与滤波整流电路连接，发射极分别与控制驱动单元及开关单元连接；所述TVS二极管分别与三极管的发射极与集电极连接。
本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，通过检测滤波整流电路输出端GND-1的电压变化，并根据该电压变化调整开关电源的输入阻抗，从而可以在出现浪涌现象时限制浪涌电流的大小，保护电源功率器件等元件的安全与寿命，提高电源效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路一实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路一实施例中采样单元及控制驱动单元的电路结构示意图；
图3是本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路另一实施例的结构示意图；
图4是本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路另一实施例中驱动保护单元的电路结构示意图。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图及具体实施例进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
图1是本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路一实施例的结构示意图。
本实施例自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路2可应用于开关电源1中，当然也可以应用在其他电源电路中，例如反激变换器、PFC电路等。该开关电源1包括依次连接的AC输入电源10，滤波整流电路11及电源变换电路12。该自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路2包括防浪涌单元20、开关单元21、采样单元22及控制驱动单元23。其中，防浪涌单元20连接在滤波整流电路11及电源变换电路12之间；开关单元21与防浪涌单元20并联，可调节开关电源1的输入阻抗；采样单元22与滤波整流电路11连接，可采集滤波整流电路11的浪涌信号；控制驱动单元23与采样单元22连接，可根据采样单元22获取的浪涌信号，产生驱动控制信号，以控制开关单元21的导通或截止。
当出现开机浪涌、雷击或操作过电压时，滤波整流电路11的输出端GND_1处的电压将迅速降低，则控制驱动单元23根据采样单元22采集的浪涌信号，可控制开关单元21处于截止状态，防浪涌单元20将接入开关电源1的输入回路中，从而阻抗增加，浪涌电流也获得了抑制。当浪涌电流减少至额定工作电流时，滤波整流电路11的输出端GND_1处的电压将回升，则控制驱动单元23根据采样单元22采集的浪涌信号，控制开关单元21处于导通状态，防浪涌单元20将与开关电源1的输入回路分离，从而阻抗减少，可以提高电源转换效率。
本实施例自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，通过检测滤波整流电路11输出端的电压变化，并根据该电压变化调整开关电源1的输入阻抗，从而可以在出现浪涌现象时限制浪涌电流的大小，保护电源功率器件等元件的安全与寿命，提高电源效率。
图2是本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路中采样单元及控制驱动单元一实施例的电路结构示意图。
本实施例中采样单元22包括以开关单元21为导通阻抗的采样电阻及采样分压电阻R1，R2，采样电阻与滤波整流电路11连接，可采集滤波整流电路11的输出端GND_1处的浪涌信号，采样分压电阻R1、R2与采样电阻连接，可对浪涌信号进行分压处理，以保护后级电路。控制驱动单元23可包括控制电路及驱动电路，其中控制电路包括参考电源V1及比较器U1，比较器U1的输入端分别与参考电源V1及采样分压电阻R1、R2连接，可将采样电阻（开关单元的导通阻抗）获取的浪涌信号与参考电源V1提供的参考信号进行比较，输出控制信号，以控制驱动电路产生驱动电压。驱动电路包括驱动电源VCC、第一开关管Q1及第二开关管Q2，第二开关管Q2的基极与比较器U1的输出端连接，发射极接地，集电极与第一开关管Q1的基极连接，第一开关管Q1的发射极与驱动电源VCC连接，集电极与所述开关单元21连接。
当滤波整流电路11的输出端GND_1的电压小于或等于参考电源V1提供的参考电压时，则比较器U1输出低电平，驱动第二开关管Q2及第一开关管Q1截止，因此驱动电源VCC无法经第一开关管Q1产生驱动电压，开关单元21将处于截止状态，从而可将防浪涌单元20接入开关电源1的输入回路，以限制浪涌电流直至其消退；当滤波整流电路11的输出端GND_1的电压大于参考电源V1提供的参考电压时，则比较器U1输出高电平，驱动第二开关管Q2及第一开关管Q1导通，因此驱动电源VCC则可以经第一开关管Q1产生驱动电压，驱动开关单元21处于导通状态，从而可将防浪涌单元20与开关电源1的输入回路分离，开关电源1恢复正常工作。
上述采样单元22还包括电压基准Verf、分压电阻R3、R6及隔离二极管D1。整流滤波电路11的GND-1处与采样分压电阻R1、R2连接，采样分压电阻R2的一端与电压基准Verf连接；分压电阻R3的一端与采样分压电阻R1连接，另一端与隔离二极管D1的一端连接；隔离二极管D1的另一端分别与分压电阻R6及控制驱动单元23连接，该隔离二极管D1构成隔离电路；当隔离二极管D1正向导通时，分压电阻R3、R6构成二次分压电路。电压基准Verf是一个恒定的正电压，GND-1处是浮动的负电压，采样分压电阻R1、R2对Verf-GND_1处的电压信号进行分压；当浪涌电流消退时，经分压电阻R3至隔离二极管D1的输入电压大于零，隔离二极管D1导通；当浪涌电流经过时，经分压电阻R3至隔离二极管D1的输入电压小于零，隔离二极管D1截止。在本实施例中电压基准可对浪涌信号进行电平转换，从而使得经过隔离二极管D1的电压为0至Verf之间的变化值，以满足比较器U1输入电压大于零的要求。
另外，上述控制驱动单元23还可以包括射随器U2，连接在隔离二极管D1与比较器U1之间，该射随器U2的同相输入端通过电阻R4与隔离二极管D1连接；射随器U2的反相输入端通过电阻R5与射随器U2的输出端连接，且该射随器U2的输出端与比较器U1的一输入端连接。该射随器U2起到隔离作用，避免后级电路对前级电路的影响。上述比较器U1与第二开关管Q2的基极之间还连接有电阻R7、R8，第二开关管Q2的集电极与第一开关管Q1的基极之间还连接有电阻R9，第一开关管Q1的发射极与基极之间还连接有电阻R10，第一开关管Q1的集电极与开关单元21之间还连接有电阻R11。电阻R7、R8是第二开关管Q2的驱动分压电阻；电阻R9、R10是第一开关管Q1的驱动电阻；R11是开关单元21的驱动电阻。
本实施例中，防浪涌单元20优选为电阻器件，也可以为其他防浪涌器件。开关单元21优选为场效应管MOSFET，也可以为继电器。当开关单元21为继电器时，控制驱动单元23产生的驱动信号为与电源变换电路12共地的驱动信号，与继电器的驱动绕组连接。
图3是本发明自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路另一实施例的结构示意图。
在上述实施例的基础上，当开关单元21为场效应管MOSFET时，本实施例自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路还包括驱动保护单元24，该驱动保护单元24分别与控制驱动单元23及滤波整流电路11连接，根据滤波整流电路11的输出电压，调节控制驱动单元23产生的驱动电压。
参照图4，上述驱动保护单元24包括三极管Q3及TVS二极管VAR1，三极管Q3的基极与控制驱动单元23连接，集电极与滤波整流电路11连接，发射极分别与控制驱动单元23及开关单元21连接；所述TVS二极管VAR1分别与三极管Q3的发射极与集电极连接。
当滤波整流电路11的输出端GND_1快速变化时，TVS二极管VAR1可将开关单元21的驱动电压嵌位在安全范围内，而当控制驱动单元23产生使开关单元21处于截止状态的驱动信号时，三极管Q3可以加快该驱动信号的传递，使得开关单元21加快关断。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制其专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，应用于开关电源中，该开关电源包括依次连接的AC输入电源，滤波整流电路及电源变换电路，其特征在于，包括防浪涌单元、开关单元、采样单元及控制驱动单元；其中，所述防浪涌单元连接在所述滤波整流电路及电源变换电路之间；所述开关单元与防浪涌单元并联，调节开关电源的输入阻抗；所述采样单元与滤波整流电路连接，采集滤波整流电路的浪涌信号；所述控制驱动单元与采样单元连接，根据所述浪涌信号，产生驱动控制信号，控制所述开关单元的导通或截止。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，其特征在于，所述采样单元包括以开关单元的导通阻抗为采样电阻，与所述滤波整流电路连接，采集滤波整流电路的浪涌信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，其特征在于，所述采样单元还包括电压基准，及与电压基准依次连接的分压电路和隔离电路；电压基准与采样电阻连接，对采样电阻采集到的负电压浪涌信号进行电平转换，经过电平转换的浪涌信号是从零到基准电压间变化的电压信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，其特征在于，所述控制驱动单元包括控制电路及驱动电路；其中控制电路包括参考电源及比较器，所述比较器的输入端分别与参考电源及所述隔离电路连接，将浪涌信号与参考电源产生的参考信号进行比较，输出控制信号，控制驱动单元产生驱动电压；所述驱动电路包括驱动电源、第一开关管及第二开关管，所述第二开关管的基极与所述比较器的输出端连接，发射极接地，集电极与所述第一开关管的基极连接，所述第一开关管的发射极与驱动电源连接，集电极与所述开关单元连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，其特征在于，所述控制电路还包括射随器，所述射随器连接在隔离电路与比较器之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，其特征在于，所述开关单元为场效应管或者继电器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，其特征在于，当开关单元为场效应管时，还包括驱动保护单元，连接在控制驱动单元与开关单元之间，且还与滤波整流电路连接，根据滤波整流电路的输出电压，调节控制驱动单元产生的驱动电压。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的自适应防雷防浪涌控制电路，其特征在于，所述驱动保护单元包括三极管及TVS二极管，所述三极管的基极与控制驱动单元连接，集电极与滤波整流电路连接，发射极分别与控制驱动单元及开关单元连接；所述TVS二极管分别与三极管的发射极与集电极连接。
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