WO2012098301A1

WO2012098301A1 - Sports device, the elastic deformation of which is controllable by remote control means

Info

Publication number: WO2012098301A1
Application number: PCT/FR2011/050119
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dominique Maurice Daniel VINCONNEAU
Original assignee: Vinconneau Dominique Maurice Daniel
Priority date: 2011-01-21
Filing date: 2011-01-21
Publication date: 2012-07-26

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sports device comprising movement means provided with means for fastening to a part of the user's body and means for varying the elastic deformation capacity of all or some of the movement means, said sports device comprising means for controlling the variation means, the control means being remote from the movement means. In embodiments of the device, the variation means are designed to remove the elastic deformation capacity of at least a portion of the movement means. The invention is used in various types of sport: downhill skiing, grass skiing, snowboarding or else a new sport of "jump".

Description

SPORT ENG IN WHICH ELASTIC DEFORMATION IS CONTROLLED BY

MEANS OF CONTROLLING DEPORTES

The present invention relates to a sports machine for moving comprising means for varying the elastic deformation capacity of at least a part of the machine, these means of variation being controllable by remote control means. The invention finds application in various types of sport: downhill skiing, grass skiing, snowboarding or a new sport, the "jump", by which the practitioner will run down slopes in successive leaps.

In these different sports, the chosen apparatus, ski board or snowboard, wheeled board for grass skiing or blade for jumping, has various intrinsic properties which determine in advance the reactions of the machine on the surface. evolution, for each situation. However, users increasingly want to have a machine that can instantly adapt to each need and each situation.

Recent inventions aim to allow users to vary the flexural strength of the downhill skiboard. But in any case said variation can be operated only at a standstill, outside of the actual use of the equipment.

Other recent inventions aim to allow modifications of the relative positions of the feet of the practitioner and his Snowboard board, by links to resistances and amplitudes of variable movements. Here again, the resistance to the movements of the said links can be adjusted conveniently only at a standstill, thus outside the very practice of sport.

Moreover, we have known for several years the equipment used in handisport, especially in sprint, by private runners of the lower parts of their legs. These are curved carbon composite blades that have a very high flexural responsiveness and allow their users to access performance very similar to that of valid runners. The invariability of blade reactions confines each equipment to a very narrow range of uses. For example, a pair of blades used for the sprint in handisport is exclusively dedicated to a user of such mass, performing precisely such movements, with such power and velocity, on such type of surface.

More recently appeared devices called "urban stilts" composed for each foot of a gallows and a flexible blade. The blade flexibly dampens the practitioner's contact with the ground, and then propels it by extension. In this case the invariability of the reactions of the machine limits its use to flat surfaces and free of unexpected for the practitioner. The use of machines of this type on steep and hilly terrain will require that the user can spontaneously control the reactions of the machine, during the course of practice, by the present invention.

With regard to existing equipment, there is the need to provide sports gear that can easily vary spontaneously and during the practice, key characteristics of their behavior, namely:

the bending properties of the means of travel: ski board, snowboard, grass skiing, jump blade.

the degree of resistance to movement of at least one pivot connection included by the machine, as well as the permitted amplitude of this movement: for Alpine skiing, snowboarding, grass skiing.

For this purpose, the present invention relates to a sports machine comprising displacement means provided with fixing means of at least one foot or other part of the body of the user and means adapted to vary the capacity of elastic deformation of the means of displacement or resistance to movement allowed by at least one pivot connection included by the machine, when they are stressed. Typically, the machine comprises means for controlling the variation means and the control means are offset from the displacement means.

According to the invention, the aforementioned elastic deformation properties are directly controllable by the control means. Preferably, these control means can always be in at least one hand of the user regardless of the position thereof, they can be used during the practice of sport itself, spontaneously, without embarrassment and reflex once passed the learning phase of their use.

For example, the means of travel are downhill ski boards, snowboards, or wheeled boards for grass skiing, or even blades as seen for the disabled race or on the stilts urban.

The control means preferably comprise at least one handle provided with clamping means intended to be held in the hand of the user during the practice of the sport.

By elastic deformation is meant a reversible deformation of at least a part of the machine which includes deformation in flexion - extension and / or in compression - traction - and / or torsion in one or more directions.

For example, the user can control the flexibility of the moving means and therefore of his machine by simply pressing the clamping means of the handle. This manipulation is clearly simpler and faster to implement than the devices of the state of the art and can offer a one-off, continuous, progressive variation and in any case adapted to the current needs of the user, interactively during the practice itself (for example according to the nature of the terrain, the desired reactivity, the means of displacement or the operating phases such as starting or stopping).

It is therefore very advantageous with a machine according to the invention to be able to control this deformation during the very use of the machine and more particularly during its operation. displacement. According to this embodiment, the versatility is maximum since the user manages the elastic deformation of the displacement means during its displacement as a function of the surface where it evolves, the movement that it realizes and wants to achieve.

Some inventions allow you to change the characteristics of a machine (Alpine Ski, Snowboard) at a standstill, apart from its use, so that these characteristics remain fixed between two modifications, always made at a standstill. The present invention aims for its part to control the reactions of the machine during the practice of sport itself. This feature radically changes the scope of these changes, because over the same descent, the ideal characteristics of a machine are very different from one moment to another. For example, the characteristics of a ski that can be easily rotated are simply opposed to those of a precise ski and "catchy" in its trajectories. This shows how much interest there will be in conferring different or even different characteristics to the material, spontaneously and as the need arises.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention which are not however limiting.

It should be recalled that the present invention relates to a sports machine comprising displacement means provided with fastening means to a portion of the body of the user and means for varying the elastic deformation capacity of the displacement means or the degree of resistance to the movement of at least one pivot connection included by the machine, characterized in that it comprises means for controlling the variation means and that the control means are offset from the displacement means.

According to preferred but non-limiting variants, the sports machine according to the invention is such that:

the fixing means are able to receive at least one foot of the user, the variation means are configured to vary the stiffness of the displacement means,

the variation means are configured to vary the amplitude of the elastic deformation of the displacement means,

the variation means are configured to eliminate the elastic deformation capacity of at least a portion of the displacement means,

the elastic deformation is a flexion / extension, and / or a compression / traction and / or a torsion.

the means for varying the deformation capacity in flexion / extension and / or in compression / traction and / or in torsion comprise at least one rod oriented along the longitudinal axis of the displacement means.

the rod having no symmetry of revolution is mobile in rotation on itself,

the rotation of the rod is controlled by a jack,

the stem is of elliptical section, the device comprises a guide formed on the displacement means and adapted to receive the rod,

- the guide is of circular section,

the displacement means comprise at least one blade,

the means of variation of the resilient deformation capacity of the blade by flexion / extension comprise at least one jack substantially oriented along the longitudinal axis of the blade,

the device comprises at least one accumulator intended to control the amplitude of the stroke of the jack,

the control means comprise at least one handle provided with clamping means,

the handle is intended to be held in a hand of the user during the practice of the sport,

the control means control the means of variation of the elastic deformation capacity during the use in displacement of the machine,

the control means are directly linked to the means of variation of the elastic deformation capacity by transmission means,

the transmission means are hydraulic or pneumatic,

the transmission means comprise distribution means,

the distribution means comprise means for equalizing the capacity of elastic deformation between the machine integral with the right foot and the machine integral with the left foot,

The invention also relates to a board moving device whose relative position of the fixing means and moving means is modifiable and controllable.

The invention finds application in various types of use of a board for the purpose of sliding or rolling on a surface: sliding sports such as downhill skiing, snowboarding, grass skiing etc.

For example, alpine skis and other gliding devices (snowboarding, grass-skiing) have fixed characteristics which determine in advance the reactions of the board on the surface of evolution, for each situation.

However, the consumer increasingly wants to own a versatile ski that adapts to all situations.

Obtaining a versatile ski is particularly delicate given, for example, that the characteristics of a comfortable ski are opposed to that of an effective ski.

Ski bindings are already known for adapting the forward / backward inclination and the height of the skier according to the terrain. These bindings act as a damper and increase the pressure on the front of the ski to increase the aggressiveness of the ski.

Despite these devices, the versatility of skiing is limited. Indeed, this type of device does not eliminate the major disadvantage of providing a single answer possible by given situation, during the same descent. There is the need to provide an improved device for moving on a board to remedy all or part of these disadvantages.

To this end, the present invention relates to a board moving device comprising means for fixing at least one foot of the user on the board, connecting means and moving means. The connecting means allow free movement between the elements they connect, that is to say the fixing means and the moving means. Control means are present to control the modification of the relative position of the displacement means and the fixing means.

By the present invention, the relative position of the fastening means and moving means is modifiable by the connection means controlled by means of the control means.

The control means does not make it possible to generate the modification of the relative position of the fixing means and the moving means, but only to control it.

Thanks to the connecting means and the control means, each user can instantly change the characteristics of the device according to its level, the quality of the surface where the device evolves, the precise phase of its evolution, etc. The control means preferentially control the amplitude of the movements allowed by the connecting means and according to the embodiments, also the resistance force of the connecting means.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which is not however limiting.

The present invention relates to a device for moving on a board, comprising means for fixing at least one foot of the user, moving means and connecting means capable of allowing a modification of the relative position of the fixing means. and displacement means characterized in that it comprises means for controlling said modification of the relative position.

According to preferred but nonlimiting variants, the device according to the invention is such that:

- The control means are controllable by the user, that is to say that the device comprises control means control means.

- The control means comprise at least one handle provided with clamping means intended to be held in a hand of the user during the practice of sport.

the control means control the amplitude of the movements allowed by the connecting means during the use in displacement of the device

- The control means control the strength of the resistance of the connecting means during use in displacement of the device.

- The handle is directly connected to the connecting means by transmission means comprising at least one sheath.

the transmission means are hydraulic or pneumatic.

the transmission means comprise distribution means. the connection means comprise a hydraulic system.

- The modification of the relative position of the fastening means and the displacement means is caused by reaction forces of the surface where the device evolves.

the modification of the relative position of the fixing means and the displacement means is caused by the muscular force of the user.

the modification of the relative position of the fastening means and the displacement means is a rotation according to at least one degree of freedom.

the modification of the relative position of the fixing means and the displacement means is a rotation according to two degrees of freedom.

the modification of the relative position of the fixing means and of the displacement means is a rotation according to three degrees of freedom.

- The displacement means are constituted by a sliding surface formed by a surface of the board facing the surface where the device evolves.

- The displacement means comprise rolling means adapted to be received by the board and oriented towards the surface where the device evolves.

it comprises fixing means for a single foot.

- it includes two devices.

it comprises fixing means for two feet of the user and connecting means intended to connect the connecting means so that the modification of the relative position of a foot depends on the modification of the relative position of the other foot and vice versa.

The accompanying drawings are given by way of example and are not limiting of the invention. They represent only embodiments of the invention and will make it easy to understand.

Figures 1 to 28 show a first variant of the invention: the jump.

Figure 1: schematic diagram of the invention according to a first variant: the jump.

Figures 2 and 3: side views of the invention at the right leg of the user, the flexible blade is respectively in the maximum extension position and in maximum bending position.

Figure 4: top view of the invention according to Figures 2 or 3.

Figure 5: view of the gallows, without the rest of the machine, under the same angle of observation as in Figure 2.

Figure 6: view of the gallows, without the rest of the machine, under the same angle of observation as in Figure 1.

Figure 7: view of the machine at the leg of the user according to Figure 1.

Figures 8 and 9: longitudinal sectional views of the invention according to Figures 2 and 3 in maximum extension position and in maximum bending position.

Figures 10 and 1 1: views of the frame of the invention according to plans B and D of Figures 8 and 9. Figure 12: view of the invention in section CC of Figure 8. Figure 13 is a longitudinal sectional view of the distributor and hydraulic sleeves according to the invention.

Figures 14 to 19: views of the invention in various phases of its use.

Figures 20 to 23: views of the invention when the user module, during practice, the return power of its blades.

Figures 24 to 26: views of the invention when the user deliberately limits the equalization between the feet.

Figure 27: schematic view of a single user in the different phases of a jump. Figure 28: schematic view of a single user in the different phases of a stride.

Figures 29 to 42 show a second variant of the invention: alpine skiing.

Figure 29: schematic diagram of the invention according to a second variant: alpine skiing.

Figure 30: side view of a ski according to the invention.

Figure 31: top view of a ski according to the invention.

Figure 32: View of a handle with the clamping means in the released position.

33 to 36: views of the ski according to the sections AA, BB, CC, DD of FIG. 31, when the clamping means of the handle is in the released position as in FIG.

Figure 37: View of a handle with the clamping means in the tight position.

Figures 38 to 41: views of the ski according to the sections AA, BB, CC, DD of Figure 31, when the clamping means of the handle is in the tight position as in Figure 37.

Figure 42: side view of the flexion of a ski.

Figures 43 - 44: side views in longitudinal section of the device according to the invention showing a connection mode of the control means on the fixing means. In FIG. 44, the control means are automatically disconnected from the fastening means when the boot is detached from the ski.

Figure 45 shows a front view in cross section of the device according to the invention in its application to alpine skiing.

FIG. 46 represents a longitudinal sectional side view of the device according to FIG. 45.

Figure 47 is a block diagram of this first variant of the invention: the connecting means being represented by a side view of a longitudinal section and the control means being partially actuated.

Figure 48 shows the connecting means according to Figure 47 in top view in longitudinal section.

Figures 49, 50A and 51A show the different relative positions of the foot relative to the board according to section AA of Figure 47.

FIGS. 50B and 51B show a front view of the entire device according to the relative positions of the foot represented in FIGS. 50A and 51A.

FIG. 52 represents a schematic diagram of the first variant of the invention: the control means being actuated to the maximum. Figure 53 shows the connecting means according to Figure 52 in top view in longitudinal section.

FIG. 54 represents a relative position of the foot with respect to the board according to section AA of FIG. 52.

Figure 55 is a front view of the entire device according to the relative position of the foot shown in Figure 54.

Figure 56 is a block diagram of the first variant of the invention, the control means not being actuated.

Figure 57 shows the connecting means according to Figure 56 in a longitudinal sectional view from above.

Figures 58, 59A, 60A show the different possible relative positions of the foot relative to the sectional board AA according to Figure 56.

Figures 59B, 60B show a front view of the entire device according to the relative positions of the foot shown in Figures 59A and 60A.

Figure 61 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the device according to the invention showing a connection mode of the control means on the connecting means according to the first variant of the invention.

Figure 62 is a view according to Figure 61, the control means being disconnected from the connecting means.

FIGS. 63A, 64A, 65A represent side views of the device according to a second variant of the invention.

Figs. 63B, 64B, 65B show side views of the securing and connecting means of the device according to Figs. 63A, 64A and 65A.

FIG. 66A represents a front view of the device according to the second variant of the invention.

Figure 66B shows a side view of a fastening and connecting means of the device according to Figure 66A.

Figure 67 is a block diagram of the device according to the second variant shown in Figures 63 to 66, the connecting means being shown in plan view.

Figures 68 and 69 show the fixing and connecting means according to section AA of Figure 67.

Figures 70 and 71 show the fixing and connecting means according to section BB of Figure 67.

Fig. 72 is a top view of the device according to Figs. 63 to 71 showing the connection of the movements of the user's feet.

FIGS. 73, 74 and 75 show a view from above of the connection and connection means according to the second variant of the invention.

Fig. 76 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a third variant according to the invention. FIGS. 77A, 77B and 77C represent different positions of the displacement means as a function of the degree of tightening of the control means for a given position of the user according to FIG. 76.

Figure 78 shows a diagram of a second embodiment according to the third variant of the invention.

FIG. 79 represents a profile view of the device according to FIG. 78.

The following description is made with reference to a single lower limb of the user. Nevertheless, the sports vehicle according to the invention advantageously comprises two means of movement, for example for type Alpine skiing equipment, or comprises two fixing means on a moving means for example snowboard type machines.

The invention relates to a sports machine for moving. This machine comprises moving means that can be of various types: sliding movement on alpine boards, snowboard or other sliding sports, rolling movement on boards or frames provided with rolling means such as wheels or wheels. wheels, displacement by jumping by means of blades.

The machine according to the invention comprises means for fixing a part of the body of the user preferably at least one foot of the user or a leg. The fixing means are preferably arranged on the displacement means so as to secure the user to the moving means. The fastening means may be of any type of attachment.

It is one of the interests of the invention to be able to be adapted to existing fastening means, without requiring the purchase of special shoes.

The machine according to the invention further comprises means for varying the elastic deformation capacity of the displacement means. For example, when the displacement means undergo a flexion due to the user and / or the surface where the machine is moving, these means of variation are opposed and make it possible to maintain the displacement means at a certain degree of deformation. . The variation means are preferably arranged on the displacement means.

Characteristically, the machine according to the invention comprises means for controlling the variation means. These control means are offset from the moving means. That is to say, the control means are arranged outside the moving means. Advantageously, they are deported fastening means and / or variation means.

Preferably, the control means are controlled by at least one handle. The handle is intended to be maintained by the user advantageously in his hand especially during displacement. The handle is provided with clamping means, for example of the type of a trigger. Advantageously, the machine according to the invention comprises two handles, one for each hand of the user.

The user constantly controls and manages the bending-extension and / or the compression-traction and / or torsion of the displacement means thanks to the control means and to the means of variation of the elastic deformation capacity of the displacement means. The variation means are preferably configured to vary the stiffness of the displacement means. By stiffness is meant a parameter related to the mechanical and shape characteristics of the displacement means so that a change in stiffness modifies the relationship between the elastic deformation produced and the stress that causes it. In the case of the invention, the stress can cause deformation in bending and / or in tension - compression.

According to one embodiment, the control means are indirectly linked to the variation means, for example by a radio frequency wireless link, or else upstream of the distributor and the hydraulic or pneumatic part. For example, a servomotor is radio-controlled manually and controls the inlet pressure of the distributor.

According to the preferred embodiment, the control means are directly related to the means of variation advantageously by transmission means comprising at least one sheath. The transmission means may be of the hydraulic system type, or pneumatic with possibly a radio complement upstream of the hydraulic or pneumatic system, as indicated above.

The sheath extending from the handle runs along the user's arm, trunk and leg, preferably inside the clothing or with integrated or non-integrated fasteners.

For example, we will consider, in the following a hydraulic or pneumatic system in the transmission means. The hydraulic system has the advantage that the liquid can be moved in very flexible ducts can be along the body of the user without causing discomfort. Moreover, at the same time as the order is transmitted from the handle 6 to the variation means, the energy necessary for its execution is also provided. Moreover, there is a possibility of choosing easily the most appropriate coefficient between the intensity of a force and the amplitude of the movement which is linked to it. This is particularly due to the wide range of possibilities offered by the use of hydraulic distributors placed on the circuit.

According to the invention, the sheath is fixed at the level of the fastening means and / or the variation means by a male connector 124a adapting to a female connector 124b located at the level of the fastening means and / or variation means. Preferably, this connection of the sheath on the fastening means and / or the variation means is automatically disconnected when the user releases his foot 123 from the fastening means 1 14, voluntarily or involuntarily. As shown in FIGS. 43 and 44, the male connector 124a fixing in the female connector 124b allows a continuity of the transmission means between the sheath and the variation means.

According to one variant, the transmission between the sheath and the variation means is done without any fluid circulation between each of the two connectors 124a-124b. The connectors 124a-124b comprise a flexible membrane whose deformation makes it convex, concave all the membrane facing the connector and vice versa. This variant can be used both between the transmission and variation means and between the means of transmission and control. Preferably, the sheath is also detachable from the handle, using tools or not.

So as to equalize the variations between the two hands and the two feet of the user, the machine according to the invention comprises a dispensing means, or distributor, adapted to distribute the forces and displacements of fluids for the moving means.

It is advantageous in these embodiments to provide a hydraulic distributor 8 for controlling and equalizing the variations of the deformation capacity of the means of variation despite the existence of two handles. The hydraulic distributor 8 is placed on the ducts connecting the two handles to the means of variation.

The hydraulic distributor 8 is advantageously composed of at least one set of two cylinders whose rods are connected so that the flows of the sheaths from each of the handles are identical.

The hydraulic distributor 8 located in the back of the user is intended to totalize the forces exerted on the two triggers of the handles on the one hand and the opposing forces transmitted by the means of variation. On the other hand, the hydraulic distributor 8 is advantageously designed so that there is no fluid transfer between the sheaths of each of the control means.

According to a first variant, the sports machine has a pair of flexible blades for the jump. According to another variant, instead of a blade, a helical spring is provided. In this case, the controlled elastic deformation is bending / extension and / or compression / pulling and / or twisting.

A non-limiting example is described below.

Figure 1 shows the user seen from the back. Its equipment consists, from top to bottom, in two handles 4,6 constituting part of the control means, equipped with their clamping means 1, 5 and 9. Of these handles emerge the hydraulic sleeves 2, 3, 7 constituting part the transmission means. The sheaths 2, 3 and 7 are connected to a distributor 8. From the distributor 8 emerge the sheaths 10G (G for left) and 10D (D for right). The sheath 10G is connected to the moving means integral with the left foot, the sheath 10D to those integral with the right foot.

Each of the displacement means comprises a flexible blade 1 1, here S-shaped,

1 1 G for the left foot, 1 1 D for the right foot, and a bracket 13 and a frame 19 which are detailed below. The flexible blades 1 1 are for example made of carbon. According to another possibility, the moving means may comprise helical springs. The elastic deformation is then at least partly a compression. Alternatively, the flexible blade 1 1 can be of any other form, by which are mixed bending and twisting.

The displacement means are provided with means for fixing at least one foot of the user. The fastening means are here represented in the form of a shell 12, intended to secure each foot to the corresponding displacement means. According to one possibility, the fixing means are fixed laterally to the bracket 13. The support of the foot 18 of the shell 12 is thus offset from the longitudinal axis of the bracket 13.

The stem 13 represented in FIGS. 8 and 9 comprises a frame 1 9 in which a jack 21 is located. The jack 21 constitutes at least in part the means of variation of the elastic deformation capacity of the displacement means. The jack 21 comprises a rod 22, secured by its upper and lower ends to the frame 19 and a cylinder body 21 movable in translation along the rod 22 relative to the frame 19. The rod 22 comprises a piston 23 limiting the longitudinal displacement of the cylinder body 21 on the rod 22.

The body of the jack 21 is secured to the bracket 13 by the studs 20a and 20b which connect it to a sleeve 16 of said bracket 13. Preferably, in the case shown in FIGS. 1 to 26, the rod 22 is oriented substantially according to FIG. longitudinal axis of the blade, here in S.

In the case not shown, a blade 1 1 U, the rod 22 connects the two ends of the U. According to another embodiment, the displacement means do not comprise a flexible blade but comprise at least one cylinder only.

In all cases, the rod 22 is advantageously oriented substantially along the longitudinal axis of the user. The rod 22 is vertical.

The blade 1 1 is secured, in its upper part, to the bracket 13 by the fasteners 14 of the sleeve 16 and the frame 19 in its lower part. The blade 1 1 has a substantially flat bottom portion constituting the bearing surface of the means of displacement on the ground.

In Figure 8, the bracket 13 is in its highest possible position on the frame 19 and thus the blade 1 1, not shown here, is extended to its maximum, as in Figure 2.

In Figure 9, the bracket 13 is in its lowest possible position on the frame 19 and thus the blade 1 1, not shown here, is flexed to its maximum, as in Figure 3. The body of the cylinder 21 , secured to the gallows 13, is lowered accordingly.

The forces by which the blade 1 1 tends to extend, bring the sports machine to the position as shown in Figure 8. The forces exerted to the ground by the user oppose the reaction forces of the ground and tend to bring the sports machine to the position as shown in Figure 9.

It can be seen by the two extreme positions represented in FIGS. 8 and 9 that any translational movement of the body of the jack 21 on the frame 19 causes a variation of the volume of fluid contained by the jack 21. Said variation causes the circulation of the fluid in the hydraulic ducts 10.

Balls and their cages, not shown, forming slide links between the sleeves 16 and 17 and the frame 19 may be used.

Lights 24 and 25 are present in the frame 19 as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. These lights 24 and 25 are intended for the passage of the nipples 20 a and b, and that of the sheath 10. A preferred embodiment of the dispenser 8 according to the invention is shown in FIG.

13.

The clamping means of the handles use for example cylinders not shown in the figures. The different parts of the distributor 8 have been placed in the same plane for the sake of clarity of the descriptions and explanations. It is advantageous, during the final design, to arrange them differently.

Figures 14 to 19 show various phases of the use of the sports machine according to the invention. In particular, the control of the elastic deformation capacity of the displacement means conditions the return power and the damping for the displacement means.

Figure 14 and following show from top to bottom: the handles 6 and 4; the sheaths 2, 3, 7 and 10 partially shown and the distributor 8. At the ends of the sheaths 10 are shown the displacement means dedicated to each foot.

In Figure 14, the blades 1 1 are slightly bent by the weight of the user evenly distributed on both feet. The two cylinders 21 have thus slightly emptied and the accumulators 26 and 27 have filled up all the way, by the fluid circulation which will be described later.

FIG. 15 shows the fluid circulations in the hydraulic circuit, during a reception on the ground: the reaction forces of the ground simultaneously cause the bending and / or compression of the blades 1 1 and the reduction of the quantity of fluid in the jacks 21. By emptying, the cylinders 21 cause fluid flow in the X direction. Thus the reduction of the capacity of the cylinder 21 G, caused by the reception on the ground of the machine integral with the left foot, causes the circulation of the fluid of the sheath 1 0G, in the X direction. This circulation causes the displacement of the piston 38 and the piston 46, fixedly connected to each other by a rod 42, so that the spring 34 is compressed, and the passage of the fluid in the chamber of the accumulator 26 is released.

Receiving being in this example more strongly on the right foot than on the left foot, the capacity of the cylinder 21 D is further reduced than that of the cylinder 21 G, causing the displacement of a greater amount of fluid, so that the accumulator 27 fills more than accumulator 26.

Once the bending and / or compression movement of the blade 11 has been completed, FIG. 16, the stoppage of the flow of the fluid of the sheaths 10 in the X direction allows the springs 34 and 35 to relax. The expansion of the springs 34 and 35 induces the displacement of the pistons 38 and 46 and 37 and 47, so that they no longer participate in the obstruction of the sets (through holes 36; groove 39 of the rod 33} and {opening holes 44; throat 45 of the stem 33}. Thus, when none of the two blades 1 1 is in the process of bending and / or compression movement, thanks to the circulation of the fluid through the opening holes 36 which are disengaged and through the groove 39 of the rod 33, it There is equalization of the pressures and fluid volumes in the accumulators 26 and 27. The through holes 44 and the groove 45 are released simultaneously with the through holes 36 and the groove 39, thereby allowing the free flow of fluid and the equalization of the pressures between {cylinder 21 G; sheath 10G} and {21 D jack; 10D sheath}.

For example: the receipt of a jump caused the bending and / or compression to 3/4 of the maximum flexion and / or compression of the blade 1 1 D and to 1/4 only of the maximum bending and / or compression of the blade 1 1 G. At the end of said equalization and for equal distribution on both feet of the weight of the user, the bending and / or compression of the two blades are: (1/4 + 3/4) / 2 = 1/2. This prevents one foot of the user from remaining closer to the ground than the other. Both feet receive thrusts of equal intensity when releasing extensions. This equalization is due to the equalization means of the distribution means.

Figure 17 follows the process of equalizing the pressures shown in Figure 16. The accumulators 26 and 27 are filled with fluid level, the blades 1 1 having the same degree of bending and / or compression.

In this phase, the trigger 9 of the handle 4 is pressed as far as possible by the right hand of the user so that the jacks 40 and 41 prevent the circulation of the fluid of the accumulators 26 and 27 towards the sheaths 10 and the jacks 21. The extensions of the blades 1 1 are prevented by the impossibility of filling the cylinders 21.

It should be emphasized that the flow of fluids in the X direction related to the bending movements and / or compression of the blades 1 1 should not be prohibited in any phase of practice. Indeed, even though the jacks 40 and 41 are in a position such that circulation in the Y direction is prohibited, a flow of fluids in the X direction is always possible by the displacement of one or both pistons 38 and 37, simultaneously with the compression of one or both springs 34 and 35.

Figure 18 shows the extension phase of the blades 1 1 which corresponds to the propulsion phase of the user. The latter loosens the trigger 9 of the handle 4 at the precise moment deemed appropriate and either sudden or progressive. Said loosening places the rods of the cylinders 40 and 41 in such a position that the fluid can circulate accumulators 26 and 27 to the jacks 21. The filling of these releases the extension of the blades 1 1.

In Figure 19, none of the two blades 1 1 is in contact with the ground. The blades 1 1 are in the maximum extension position. By the fluid circulation process previously described, the accumulators 26 and 27 are therefore at their minimum fluid capacity.

We describe below how the user can modulate, in practice, the return power of its blades 1 1 by increasing the resistance to bending and / or compression of the displacement means by the action on the means of variation . The resistance is inversely proportional to the amplitude of the depreciation.

During a bending and / or compression phase, FIG. 20, where the fluids flow in the X direction, the user squeezes the trigger 5 of the handle 6. By the movement of the rods of the cylinders 48 and 49 the parts of the circuit which leads to the accumulator 51 are open, so that a portion of the fluid is stored in the accumulator 51 instead of being stored in the accumulators 26 and 27. In FIG. 21, the trigger 5 of the handle 6 has been released during the bending and / or compression of the blades 11, the bending and / or compression phase has been completed and the fluid circulations through which the pressures are equalized between the left and right sides of the circuit operate in the same way as described in figure 16.

Once the pressures are balanced between the accumulators 26 and 27 as shown in Figure 22, the blades 1 1 have the same degree of bending and / or compression insofar as the two feet of the user each support half of its mass.

In FIG. 23, the trigger 9 of the handle 4 has been released, which has released the flow of fluid in the Y direction by the displacement of the rods of the cylinders 40 and 41. The blades 1 1 could extend by traction. This view corresponds to a phase where neither of the two moving means is in contact with the ground. The blades 1 1 are here in maximum allowed extension. It is found that the blades 1 1 are here less relaxed than in Figure 19. Indeed, by blocking a portion of the fluid in the accumulator 51 (Figure 20), the cylinders 21 can not be filled completely. It follows that the gallows 13 can no longer reach the upper ends of the frame 19. The blades 1 1 can not relax completely. It is thus understood that the greater the quantity of fluid present in the accumulator 51, the lower the degree of maximum extension allowed for the blades 11. The cushioning is harder and of smaller amplitude but the power of the return is more important.

To do the opposite approach, namely to reduce the amount of fluid contained in the accumulator 51 to increase the movement of the blades 1 1 and decrease the return power, simply press the trigger 5 of the handle 6 again so that the jacks 48 and 49 open the circuit parts connected to the accumulator 51. This manipulation must be carried out during an extension phase of the blades 1 1 where the fluids flow in the Y direction decreasing the capacity of the accumulator 51.

We now describe a situation where the equalization between the two feet is deliberately prevented by the user.

In some uses of the machine according to the invention where each reception is done by a single foot, it is necessary that the projection of the user is done by the only blade that has bent. These uses are mainly

- the stride where there is alternation of supports between the right foot and the left foot.

- downhill, for jumps of low amplitude and high frequency for which the reception is not perpendicular to the direction of the slope.

FIG. 24 is substantially equivalent to FIG. 15, with the difference that fluid circulation only takes place in the portion of the circuit directly connected to the moving means of the right foot. It is indeed by this one that just received the reception.

As soon as the flexion and / or compression movement of the blade 11 is completed, FIG. 25, the flow of fluid in the X direction is completed. The assembly (piston 37; rod 43; piston 47} is moved under the effect of the relaxation of the spring 35. Thus, as we have noted in Figure 17, any blade relaxation 1 1 is prevented until the user releases the trigger 9 of the handle 4.

The difference lies in the fact that the user has pressed the button 1 of the handle 6. He has actuated the cylinder 32, so that the groove 39 is no longer facing the through holes 36 and the groove 45 does not or more in front of the through holes 44. Fluid circulations as seen in Figures 16 and 21 by which the pressures equalize between the right and left side of the hydraulic circuit, are prevented.

When the trigger 9 of the handle 4 is released, the liquid flows in the direction Y, in the only part of the circuit comprising the accumulator 27 and the sheath 10D, Figure 26. The energy accumulated by the blade 1 1 D, when of its flexion and / or compression, is restored by it alone.

The phases of a jump are shown in Figure 27 from a to h. For the sake of clarity, the sports machine according to the invention is not shown:

phase a: reception of the previous jump, before the blades 1 1 are at their maximum bending and / or compression due to this reception. This situation corresponds to Figure 15.

It is by the downstream foot that the greater part of the support is made during the reception, here the right foot.

phase b: corresponds to FIGS. 16 and 17.

- Phase c: the user releases the extension of the blades 1 1 by releasing the trigger 9 of the handle 4, as in Figure 18. It thus performs a jump whose power is function:

- The degree of bending and / or compression of the blades 1 1 obtained by receiving the previous jump.

- The speed with which the trigger 9 of the handle 4 is released.

the power of deployment of the legs at the same time as the blades 1 1 are deployed.

during phases d, e, f and g the blades 11 are at their maximum relaxation allowed by the user. Namely either a maximum relaxation as in Figure 19, or a limited relaxation as Figure 22.

phase h: reception and the beginning of the next cycle.

In certain situations where the reception is done by only one of the means of displacement, the user needs all the energy accumulated by the bending and / or compression of the blade 1 1 which has just been bent be restored by this the same.

The most obvious example is the stride. On horizontal ground with very little slope, the user may need to move in current. The two conditions for the stride to be correctly passable are as follows:

- Condition 1: phase a of Figure 28 corresponds to the bending and / or compression of the blade 1 1 connected to the right foot, process shown in Figure 24. From the end of phase a, at the beginning of phase c, the user prevents the extension of the blade 1 1, as shown in FIG. 25, while keeping the trigger 9 of the handle 4 tight. This is only once the leg of call and the rest of the body are in the appropriate position, such as in phase c, that the user releases the trigger 9 to release the extension of the blade 1 1, simultaneously with the extension of his leg.

Indeed, without the possibility of delaying the fraction of a second needed to extend the blade 1 1, said extension would immediately follow the bending and / or compression and project the user in a direction close to the vertical while it is would find in phase b. This would of course prevent a proper stride.

- Condition 2: in all phases of the stride, the user presses the button 1 of its handle 6. The groove 39 of the rod 33 of the cylinder 32 is not facing the through holes 36 and the groove 45 n ' is not facing the through holes 44. Thus the equalization of bending and / or compression extensions of the two blades 1 1 is prevented. All the energy accumulated by the bending and / or compression of a blade 1 1 is restored by the extension of this single blade January 1.

According to a second variant, the sports apparatus has a pair of alpine skis.

A detailed non-limiting example follows.

The flexural strength of an alpine skiboard or any other gliding board such as a snowboard is a major feature. A highly flex-resistant ski offers more aggressive edge grips, stronger braking, and strongly returns the skier from one support to the other for short, high-frequency turns. On the other hand, this ski dampens the snow surface accidents even less, it therefore solicits much more the leg muscles and prohibits high speeds on uneven surface. Such a ski is moreover unsuitable for large curves because the progressive bearing supports which are linked to them are insufficient to bend the ski sufficiently so that its shape fits perfectly in the trajectory.

The distribution of the flexural strength of the ski board over its entire length, which is called the ribs of resistance to bending, is also very important.

The present invention allows modifications of the elastic deformation in the course of the practice, which also allows a much greater amplitude of variations of the flexural strength. Indeed extreme flexibility or extreme rigidity that would not be usable in all phases of a descent, are made possible by the fact that it is used only at the precise moment when it is ideally needed , gradually and in "real time".

According to this variant, the moving means are ski boards 1 19. The ski boards 1 19 conventionally comprise fastening means 1 14 of at least one foot 123 of the user.

The machine according to the invention can be an integral part of a ski board 1 19 designed for this purpose. Alternatively, it is suitable for a traditional ski board. In the latter case, the sports machine finds its utility with a board having a high capacity for elastic deformation, in particular a low resistance to bending, said resistance preferably being able to be increased by said invention. The ski board 1 19 is provided with means for varying the elastic deformation capacity comprising at least one guide substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the board 1 19. The guide may be preferably formed in a projection as shown in FIGS. and 31 so as to form a bore 120.

Advantageously, the bore 120 is not cylindrical. Indeed the diameter of its circular section is generally the largest at the foot and is decreasing to its two ends.

The bore 120 contains a rod 12. The assembly (bore 120; rod 1 12} is configured so that relative movement preferably in rotation between the board 1 1 9 and the rod 1 12 is possible along a substantially longitudinal axis of the ski board 1 19. The longitudinal axis of the board of ski 1 19 is substantially in the same direction as the longitudinal axis of the rod 1 12.

The rod 1 12 advantageously has no symmetry of revolution.

The section of the rod 1 12 is substantially elliptical in shape throughout its length. The bore 120 and the rod 1 12 are configured to cooperate. Thus, the largest dimension of the elliptical section of the rod 1 12 is in all respects adjusted to the diameter of the bore 120 so that a relative position change between the rod 1 12 and the ski board 1 19 is the rotation of the rod 1 12 along its longitudinal axis, Figures 32 to 41.

A jack 1 13 is disposed on the ski board 1 19 in the path of the rod 1 12. By means of a rack 1 1 6 and a pinion 121, the translational movement of the cylinder 1 13 is transformed into a movement of rotation. The rod 1 12 is at this point the hub of a gear cooperating with the cylinder 1 13.

A spring 1 contained in the jack 1 13 tends to bring the rod 1 12 in the position shown in Figures 33 to 36 where the largest dimension of the ellipse is a line substantially parallel to the sole of the board ski 1 19.

Manual pressure of the skier on the clamping means 105 and / or 106 of the handles 103 and / or 104 implies a transfer of fluid by the sheath 107 which causes a reverse rotary movement of the rod 1 12. The rotary movement can be such that the largest dimension of the ellipse of the rod 1 12 is in the direction Y shown in FIG.

When the rod 1 12 is in the position X as in Figures 33 to 36, the ski has a large elastic deformation capacity is its lower resistance to bending.

According to a variant, the ratio between the largest dimension of the elliptical shape, and its smallest dimension, may be different from one point to another of the rod 1 12 along its length. In this way, a rotation of the rod 1 12 causes a variation in resistance to bending differs according to the location of the ski along its length. At the extreme, this ratio can be reversed, for example, so that a rotation by which the front of the ski hardens, simultaneously implies that the rear relaxes, and vice versa. When the rod 1 12 is in the position Y as in Figures 38 to 41, the ski has its lower elastic deformation capacity is its strongest bending strength.

The hydraulic circuit can at any time be closed by the user, so that said rotational movement is prohibited.

All the rotational positions of the rod 1 12 are allowed between the X position and the Y position, depending on the degree of tightening of the handles 103 and 104. The handles 103, 104 are advantageously secured to the ski poles.

As described at the beginning of the description and for the preceding variant, the control means comprise a distributor 1 1 1 so as to equalize the bending resistance forces between the two handles and the two displacement means.

In this variant, the distributor 1 1 1 may be of simplified design with respect to the variant "jump" since the only role of the distributor 1 1 1 here is the equalization and optionally the closing of the hydraulic or pneumatic circuit.

Alternatively, the ski board 1 19 has several rods 1 12 in parallel. That is, the device may comprise two or more elliptical rods 1, parallel, each in its guide. There are as many rack rotation systems as rods January 12, actuated by the same cylinder 1 13 if the direction of rotation is the same for all the rods 1 12 and two cylinders 1 13 if there are directions for opposite rotation (unless a single jack involves different directions of rotation according to the positioning of the pinion 121 of the rod 1 12 relative to the rack 1 16).

According to another variant, each ski comprises, for example, two rods 1 12. The first rod 1 12 is of elliptical section over the entire front portion of the ski and circular section over the entire rear portion. The second rod 1 12 is instead circular section on the front and elliptical rear. Each ski comprises two cylinders 1 13. The choice of the actuation of one or the other of the cylinders January 13 is given by a distributor as described for the snowboard shown with reference to Figures 29 to 42. The goal is here to vary separately the stiffness of the front of the ski and the stiffness of the back. The area of use of the ski is more extensive between giant slalom (steep heels) or special slalom (steep spatulas).

According to a variant, the shape of the section of the rod 1 12 may be other than elliptical since it allows the rotation of the rod 1 12 in the bore 120.

According to a variant, the shape of the section of the rod 1 12 is circular adjusted at all points to the bore 120. The differences in bending resistance that it has according to its rotational position being related to its internal structure, mechanical and / or molecular.

In this case, the internal structure of the rod 1 12 is for example crushed honeycomb where the orientation of the molecules is particular. Thus, the internal structure of the rod 1 12 induces different degrees of resistance to bending in the bending plane of the ski, depending on its rotational position.

According to one variant, the bore 120 is formed by a plurality of rings. Between the rings, the seal is provided by a flexible material. According to the invention, the sheath 109-1 10 is fixed at the level of the connecting means 1 14 by a male connector 124a fitting to a female connector 124b located at the fastening means 1 14. This connection of the sheath 1 09-1 1 0 on the fastening means 1 14 disconnects when the user releases his foot 123 attachment means 1 14 in a voluntary or involuntary manner.

According to a variant, the movement of the fluids is done without there being fluid circulation between the hydraulic sheaths of the control means and the means of variation. Each of the two connectors 124a-124b comprises a flexible membrane, a deformation of which makes it concave and conveys all the membrane of the facing connector and vice versa.

Preferably, the sheath 7 is also detachable from the handle 6 with the aid of tools or not.

In one version the device is accumulated with the device for varying the torsion resistance, presented with reference to FIGS. 45 to 79. In this case, the choice during practice between these two possibilities is allowed by a hydraulic distributor such as detailed for the snowboard in this same patent application.

Such a sports machine can be used on a board, or a pair of boards, with wheels and for skiing without snow.

The invention also relates to a board moving device. The reference to a board includes any form of board especially for snow or grass, soft ground, hard ground, flat, rough or bumpy. The board can also be formed by a frame. The device comprises displacement means constituted either by a sliding surface formed by a surface 209 of the plate 201 facing the surface 208 where the device evolves, such as for skis, snowboard, or by means of rolling formed by wheels or wheels 245 such as for skis on grass etc.

The device according to the invention comprises fastening means 202 of at least one foot 204 of the user on the board 201. The fastening means 202 may be any type of attachment.

It is one of the interests of the device not to require the purchase of a particular shoe. Indeed, the fastening means 202 may be conventional fastening means, the shoes commonly used can be adapted to the invention.

Typically, the device of the invention comprises connecting means 203 adapted to allow a modification of the relative position of the fastening means 202 and moving means.

The modification of the relative position of the fastening means 202 and the displacement means is here generated by reaction forces of the surface 208 where the device evolves, but can also be generated by the muscular force of the user. This muscular force is generally intended to modify the position of one foot relative to the other. For example: modification of the relative position of the left and right feet on the snowboard, when both feet tilt or rotate and change the relative position of both feet by their inclinations. For grass-based skiing, for example, according to some embodiments the ground reaction forces do not come into play for steering wheels.

According to a first possibility, the connecting means 203 constitute a mobile connection, preferably a pivot connection, between the fixing means 202, thus the foot 204 of the user, and the moving means, therefore the board 201.

According to a second possibility, the connecting means 203 constitute a mobile connection between the fixing means 202 and the wheels 245.

This mobility is controlled by means of variation 205. Thus, the variation means 205 vary the link resistance 203 relative position changes and / or the amplitude of said changes. The variation means 205 oppose the reaction forces of the surface 208 (see FIG. 50B) where the device and / or muscle forces of the user evolve.

Advantageously, the variation means 205 are controllable, that is to say that the device comprises means for controlling the variation means 205. The control means comprise at least one handle 206 intended to be held in the hand of the user and provided with clamping means, for example of the type of a trigger 212. Thus, the user permanently controls the modification of said relative position and therefore the amplitude and / or the resistance force of the connecting means 203 .

In the only case of the device for modifying the relative position of the fixing means and the moving board, as shown in FIGS. 45 to 60, the variation means 205 may, according to another possibility, be placed at the level of the means of variation. link 203 and control the modification of said relative position of the amplitude and / or the resistance force of the connecting means 203, in an ad hoc manner. For example, the user sets, by a control lever located at the connecting means 203, the level of resistance to the modification of said relative position so for a track or part of the track.

According to the preferred embodiment where the variation means 205 comprise at least one handle 206, the handle 206 may be indirectly connected to the dispenser by a wireless link: radio frequency waves, or the like, or the handle 206 is directly linked to the distributor by transmission means comprising at least one sheath 207.

The sheath 207 extending from the handle 206 runs along the user's arm, trunk and leg inside the garments or with integrated fasteners, or not, to the latter.

We will consider a hydraulic system.

The hydraulic system has the advantage that the liquid can be moved in very flexible sheaths 207 along the body of the user without causing discomfort. In addition, at the same time as the order is transmitted from the handle 206 to the connecting means 203, the energy required for its execution is also provided. Moreover, there is a possibility of choosing easily the most appropriate coefficient between the intensity of a force and the amplitude of the movement which is linked to it. This is particularly due to the wide range of possibilities offered by the use of hydraulic distributors placed on the circuit. According to a first possibility, the connection means 203 of the invention allow the fastening means 202, therefore the foot 204, of the user to rotate in one, two or three degrees of freedom according to the embodiments.

According to a second possibility, the connecting means 203 allow the wheels 245 to have an angular displacement with respect to the longitudinal axis of the board.

According to the invention, the sheath 207 is fixed at the level of the connecting means 203 by a male connector 223a adapting to a female connector 223b located at the connecting means 203. This connection of the sheath 207 to the connecting means 203 disconnects when the user releases his foot 204 fastening means 202, voluntarily or involuntarily. As represented in FIGS. 61 and 62, the male connector 223a fixing in the female connector 223b allows continuity of the transmission means between the sheath 207 and the connecting means 203.

Preferably, at least one sheath of the hydraulic or pneumatic circuit is fixed at the level of the fastening means and / or the variation means by a male connector 124a, or female, fitting a female connector 124b, or male, respectively, located at the level of the fastening means and / or the means of variation, so that, during a voluntary or involuntary disconnection of the boot and the fastening means, there is separation of the sheath and the fastening means. A pedal of the type used under the sli shoe to deploy the ski brake can be used to separate these male and female connectors. This pedal can be confused with that of the brake.

According to a variant, the transmission between the sheath 207 and the connecting means 203 is done without fluid circulation between each of the two connectors 223a-223b. The connectors 223a-223b comprise a flexible membrane whose deformation makes it convex, concave all the membrane of the connector facing and vice versa. This variant can be used both between the transmission and connection means and between the transmission and control means. Preferably, the sheath 207 is also detachable from the handle 206, using tools or not.

According to the invention, the device adapts to a user having two feet 204. Thus, the device comprises fastening means 202 for each of the feet 204 of the user, each fastening means 202 comprising connecting means 203. The device comprises variation means 205 for each of the connecting means 203.

For a device according to the invention such as for example alpine skis or rolling on grass, the device comprises two boards 201. Each is provided with fastening means 202, connecting means 203 and variation means 205.

For a device such as for example a snowboard, the device comprises a single board 201 provided with two fastening means 202, two connecting means 203 and two means of variation 205. A device of the snowboard type provided with wheels to move on a snow-free surface can be provided.

It is advantageous in these embodiments to provide a hydraulic distributor 21 1 to control and equalize the modification of said relative position and in particular the amplitude and / or the resistance forces of each of the connecting means 203 despite the existence of two handles 206. The hydraulic distributor 21 1 is placed on the sheaths 207 connecting the two handles 206 to the connecting means 203.

The hydraulic distributor 21 1 is advantageously composed of a set of two cylinders whose rods are connected so that the flows of the sheaths 207 from each of the handles 206 are identical.

Possible variants of the device according to the invention are described below.

According to a first variant, the device according to the invention is used on alpine skis.

The device according to the invention makes it possible to generate variations in resistance to the torsion of skis. This torsion property is an essential characteristic that determines the reactions of a ski.

A ski having a low resistance to torsion has a spatula and a heel which are oriented towards the surface 208 where the ski evolves while the portion of the ski at the foot 204 remains substantially parallel to the sole of the shoe. On the contrary, with a ski having a high resistance to torsion, the entire ski remains in a position closer to the parallel to the sole of the shoe.

Thus, according to the invention, it is advantageous to use skis having a high resistance to torsion. The connection means 203 and variation 205 make it possible to vary the relative position of the fixing means and displacement means having a consequence equivalent to the modification of the torsional properties of the board itself. The connecting means 203 allow rotation of the feet 204 of the user according to at least a first degree of freedom, along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the board 201. Depending on the degree of pressure exerted by the skier on the triggers 212 of the handles 206, the resistance force of the connecting means 203 may be extremely weak, thus simulating a ski that is more flexible in torsion than the most flexible current, at an extreme rigidity allowing to use all the torsional resistance of the ski, which could be manufactured much more resistant than the most resistant current, thanks to the possibility conferred by the invention to undergo the counterparts of this rigidity that the precise moment when you want to use it. The control of the resistance force to movements allowed by the connecting means 203 simultaneously drives a control of the amplitude of the connecting means and therefore the amplitude of the change of the relative position of the fixing means and the moving means.

Figures 47 to 51 show the device according to the invention for which the clamping means of clamping the handles 206 is of intermediate level.

FIGS. 52 to 55 show the device of the invention during a maximum tightening of the clamping means of the handles 206.

Figures 56 to 60 show a device according to the invention, wherein the clamping means of the handles 206 are completely loosened.

The connecting means 203 use a hydraulic or pneumatic circuit as previously described. The connecting means 203 comprise a housing 244 (see FIG. 57) formed by a base, advantageously parallelepipedic, covered with a lid of complementary shape. The base and the cover are assembled by an axis forming an axis of rotation 215. The base is intended to be fixed on the upper surface of the board 201 and the cover is intended to receive the attachment means 202 of the foot 204 of the user. The housing 244 contains part of the hydraulic circuit. A gas accumulator 214 is placed on the hydraulic circuit, advantageously in the housing 244, to dampen vibrations in the feet on the hard snow and filter vibrations in the handles. The gas accumulator 214 may be located outside the housing 244 at another point in the hydraulic circuit. It may, for example, be attached to a distributor 21 1.

According to this embodiment, the housing 244 comprises a piece of trapezoidal shape curved so as to form a male arc 217. This male arc 217 cooperates with a female arc 218. Depending on the degree of tightening of the clamping means of the handle 206 , the freedom of movement of the male arc 217 through the female arc 218 is modified. The male arc 217 and the female arc 218 are movable relative to each other via stops 221a, 221b controlled by pistons 220A, 220B.

The male arc 217, in this position, does not fill the entire female arc 218 allowing a displacement of the female arc 218 relative to the male arc 217.

The male arc 217 is secured to the base of the housing 244 while the female arc 218 is secured to the housing cover 244.

The pistons 220a and 220b are of such shape that they are free in translation so as to allow the displacement of the male arc 217, but they are not free in rotation. Thus, the pistons 220a and 220b are of non-round section so as to be secured to the base of the housing 244.

The inclination of the housing cover relative to its base is enabled by the rotational displacement of the female arc 218 relative to the male arc 217.

The degree of clamping of the triggers 212 never directly causes the displacement of the abutment 21a and the male arc 217 which is integral therewith. In fact, the degree of clamping of the triggers 212 varies the pressure in the hydraulic circuit, thus varying the allowable amplitude of the withdrawals to the left of the abutment 221 a. The withdrawals are therefore caused solely by the reaction forces of the surface of evolution and limited by the tightening of the handles 206.

When the clamping means are clamped in an intermediate manner as shown in FIGS. 47 to 51, the pressure of the snow surface on the edge can cause the male bow 217 to fall back to the intermediate position, which allows a modification of the position of the foot. 204 with respect to the board 201 shown in FIGS. 49, 50A and 51 A. During an intermediate clamping of the clamping means of the handle 206, the device according to the invention may have an average inclination of the user's foot 204 compared to the board 201. The pressure in the circuit is sufficiently low that the male arc 217 can be pushed to the intermediate position against one of the two ends of the female arc 218 by the pressure caused by the reaction forces of the snow surface. . Whatever the degree of grip of the grips 206 when there is no dominant reaction force on the right or left edge of the ski, the male bow 217 completely fills the female bow 218. The gas accumulator is mechanically designed so that the male arc 21 7 and the female arc 218 are always in contact by at least one of their ends.

When the clamping means of the handles 206 are tightened to the maximum as shown in Figures 52 to 55, the possible change in the position of the feet 204 relative to the board 201 is almost zero. The male arc 217 corresponding exactly to the length of the female arc 218, maintains parallel the board 201 and the foot 204 of the user. The micro variations that remain possible are allowed by the gas accumulator 214, the compressions and decompressions of the gas add to the device a damping role by absorbing the effects of roughness on hard snow, optimizing the edge contact with the snow and filtering back forces in the hands of the user. This damping is strengthened and its amplitude is reduced by the tightening of the clamping means of the handles 206.

When the clamping means of the handles 206 are completely loosened as shown in FIGS. 56 to 60, in the same way as for the intermediate clamping, the male bow 217 fills the female bow 218, when there is no dominant force on a right or left edge. The pressure caused by the dominant snow surface reaction forces on a right or left edge moves the male arc 217 in the female arc 218, one end of the arc 217 remains in contact with one end of the arc. 218 female bow allowing a significant change in the position of the feet 204 relative to the board 201. The device according to the invention has a maximum inclination of the foot 204 of the user relative to the board 201. In this case the damping induced by the gas accumulator 214 is at the maximum of its amplitude and at least its power of returning the edge in contact with the snow.

It is advantageous to provide a locking button 213 at the handles 206 allowing the user to lock a position when he no longer wishes to change the resistance of the connecting means 203.

In this embodiment where the device is suitable for downhill skiing, the user uses, most of the time, sticks as they exist today, in this case the handles 206 are adapted to the sticks.

The hydraulic distributor 21 1 located in the back of the skier is intended to totalize the forces exerted on the two triggers 212 of the handles 206, on the one hand and the opposing forces transmitted by the two skis on the other hand. The hydraulic distributor 21 1 is advantageously designed so that there is no transfer of fluid between the sheaths 207 of each of the variation means 205.

The present invention is advantageously used in a dynamic manner. On moderate and steep slopes, the skier needs short and incisive edge grips to control ideally its speed as well as its trajectories. During a turn under these conditions, it exerts in the edge-gripping phase a strong tightening of the gripping means of the handles 206 to maintain an inclination of the foot 204 relative to the board 201 as low as possible, the ski having a extreme resistance to torsion. When changing the edge to initiate a second turn, and simply by gradually loosening the clamping means of the handles 206, the resistance force of the connecting means 203 is decreased allowing the ski to approach faster than the foot 204 of the user of a flat position (maximum contact between the ski and the sliding surface) for optimum sliding and easy pivoting of his skis for the change of direction.

The effects of this alternation of tightening and gradual loosening are all the more precise as the forces sent back into the hands through the handles 206 constantly give very fine information on the ski / snow relationship. The current skier is deprived of most of this information, due to the rigidity of his shoes that suppresses feedback in the feet and ankles.

According to the invention, the axis of rotation 215 is off-center towards the inner edge of the ski allowing a moderate manual effort. It is indeed on the ski outside the turn that the skier takes most or all of his support. A suitable location of this axis of rotation 21 5 allows, in a maximum support phase, to bring the ski in a position closer to the parallel to the sole of the foot 204 of the user without crippling effort. Furthermore, this location of the axis of rotation 21 5 makes the outer edge of the ski inside the turn can rise more than the inner edge of the outer ski eliminating the cause of many edge errors.

According to an alternative to the embodiment described above, the variation means 205 are located at the connecting means 203 and the resistance force of the connecting means 203 is set, at a standstill, by a control lever. The skier can adjust the strength of the binding means 203 according to the quality of the snow, the average height and the way he wants to ski for a descent or for a few hours. According to another variant of the device according to the invention, the device according to the invention fits on a snowboard.

In the current state, the absence of freedom of movement in rotation of the feet 204 in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the board 201 is that at each turn, the entire body of the user is rotated, this which imposes a significant delay before the opposite turn is possible. Likewise, the absence of freedom of movement in rotation of the feet 204 along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis and / or along an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the board 201 has two consequences which greatly limit the possibilities. of the user: obligation to bend the ankles and the body laterally upstream in a steep phase that precedes and / or follows a gentle slope or vice versa and obligation to use boards 201 wide.

As described previously, in the present invention, it is advantageous to provide as means of variation 205 the modification of the relative position of the means of fixing and moving means, one or two handle (s) 206 provided with clamping means and connected to the connecting means 203 by transmission means comprising at least one sheath 207 along the body of the user. The transmission means comprise a hydraulic system, pneumatic. A distributor 21 1 is disposed on the hydraulic or pneumatic circuits as in the alpine ski variant.

The variation means 205 here control the resistance force of the connecting means 203 and influence the amplitude of the movements allowed by the connecting means, that is to say the amplitude of the modification of the relative position of the fixing means. and moving means.

In this variant, the fastening means 202, therefore the feet 204 of the user, undergo changes in position relative to the board 201 in rotation according to one, two or three degree (s) of freedom.

The inclination of the feet 204 of the user can be done in two directions is a direction b perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the board 201: the feet 204 of the user are inclined substantially to the right and left of the longitudinal axis of the board (FIGS. 63 to 65) is a direction a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the board 201: the feet 204 of the user incline substantially towards the front and the rear of the board ( Figs. 66A and 66B).

The connection means 203 according to this variant comprise an inclinable block 225 and rotation means 224.

FIGS. 64A and 64B show the gripping means of handles 206 completely loosened so that according to the same principle relating to the device for alpine skiing, the reaction forces of the snow surface and / or the muscle forces of the user the board 201 is layered inversely proportional to the clamping means for clamping the handles 206 when the board is in contact with the snow by one of its two edges. This freedom of rotation is used, as in the alpine skiing, to optimize the contact of the edge with the snow by the inclusion of a gas accumulator 214 in the hydraulic circuit that folds the edge on the snow as an automobile damper flaps the wheel on the asphalt.

According to this variant, two types of modifications of the position of the fastening means

202, therefore feet 204 relative to the board 201 are controlled by the variation means 205: rotation in and out of the plane of the board 201. A control button 231 is provided on at least one of the handles 206 for controlling a distributor 233 which allows to choose whether the handles 206 control resistance to rotation of the feet in the plane of the board or out of the plane of the board.

Stoppers 226 are provided on the board 201 and the intervals between the stops 226 constitute tilt lanes for inclination of the tilt blocks 225 in a direction a can not be simultaneous with an inclination in the direction b.

An inverter 229 is provided to control the resistance force of the rotation of the feet 204 relative to the board 201. The variator 229 comprises a central piston 241 provided with two rods on either side, making it possible to vary the volumes of the variation chambers 239. The variator 229 is connected to the jacks 228 by sheaths 235. The jacks 228 are located at a cable 230 forming a circuit linking two wheels 227 constituting part of the rotation means 224 and connection means 210.

In FIG. 73, where the variation chambers 239 are filled to their maximum, the piston 241 is constrained to immobility, which prevents the transfer of fluid with the cylinders 228 and prevents the rotation of the feet 204 by a large resistance force . The central position of the piston 241 corresponds to the base position of the feet 204, indicated by the diametrical lines of the wheels 227.

In this case, as for the machine illustrated in FIG. 54, the elastic deformation of a part of the machine is the modification of the relative positions of at least one attachment means and of the displacement means, by at least one link pivot provided with a resiliently biased return to a predetermined position.

In FIGS. 74 and 75, where the variation chambers 239 are filled to a minimum, the piston 241 and its integral rods can move according to their maximum amplitude, by transfer of fluid with the cylinders 228 whose variations are controlled by the rotation of the Wheels 227, via the cable 230 which connect them. The amplitude of the rotation of the feet 204 is here at its maximum and the resistance to rotation is at its minimum. Between the situations of FIGS. 73, 74 and 75 when the circuit concerned is opened by the distributor 233, the resistance force to the rotation of the feet 204 is a function of the degree of filling of the variation chambers 239 controlled by the tightening and loosening of the clamping means (trigger 212) of the handles 206. The filling of the left and right variation chambers 239 is always of the same value because the flows arriving from the sheaths 242 are always identical (because of the hydraulic distributor 21 1).

When the circuit concerned is opened by the distributor 233, the user can vary the resistance to the rotation of the feet 204 along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the board 201 as shown in FIGS. 63 to 65 and along an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the board 201 as shown in Figure 66.

As shown in FIGS. 68 to 71, the cylinder 236 located inside the tilting block 225 makes it possible to control the resistance force of the connecting means 203. FIGS. 68 and 69 show the tilting block 225 inclined to the left of the foot 204 of the user. In the same way the block can tilt to the right of the foot.

Figures 70 and 71 show the tilting block 225 inclined rearward of the foot 204 of the user. In the same way the block can tilt towards the front of the foot.

The tilting block 225 is connected to a support plate 243 secured to the board 201. The connection between the tilting block 225 and the support plate 243 is provided by a flexible coupling 237 or a CV joint. Stops 238 are provided to limit the inclination of the tilting block 225 and serve as a support. The invention according to this variant comprises connecting means 210 between these two fastening means and therefore between the feet 204. The advantage of the connection means 210 is that a foot 204 can rotate only if the other does the same and in the same direction. This allows an advantageous control of the board 201.

According to another variant, the device according to the invention is used on rolling skis, to evolve without snow such as for grass skis.

According to this variant, the displacement means comprise rolling means formed by wheels 245. The wheels 245 are preferably attached to a surface 209 of the board 201. The wheels 245 are oriented towards the surface 208 where the device evolves. The board 201 may be formed by a frame of varied shape. The connecting means 203 allow a mobility of the wheels 245 relative to the fastening means 202. This mobility of the wheels 245 corresponds to the turning radius of the wheels 245 allowing the user to make turns. The turning radius is evaluated with respect to the longitudinal axis a) of the board 201.

The device according to the invention makes it possible to vary the turning radius of the wheels 245 as a function of the degree of clamping of the tumblers 212 of the handles 206. The variation means 205 control the amplitude of the movements allowed by the connecting means by a control the resistance force of the connecting means 203.

The dynamic use of the device according to this variant is shown in FIGS. 77A, 77B and 77C.

A tightening variation of the handles 206 does not involve a turn, but varies the radius of the turn which can be caused only by the inclination of the skis relative to the surface of evolution, along their longitudinal axes.

Thus, for an identical inclination of the user, the turning radius of the wheels 45 is variable depending on the degree of clamping of the trigger 212.

Figure 77A shows the turning radius of the wheels 45 when no clamping is performed on the trigger 212. This therefore represents the turning radius when no resistance of the connecting means 203 is generated.

Figure 77B shows an intermediate position, where the trigger 212 undergoes a mean clamping, the turning circle of the wheels is larger, since the resistance force of the connecting means 203 is greater.

Finally, FIG. 77C represents an almost maximum clamping of the tumblers 212. It is observed that the wheels 245 are almost in the longitudinal axis a of the board 201.

According to another embodiment of this variant, as shown in FIGS. 78 to 79, the devices placed at each foot of the user are connected by association means 246. The operating mode of these association means 246 is described below. In this embodiment, the control means control the amplitude of the movements allowed by the connecting means. There is no control of the resistance force of the connecting means 203. The variation of the angle C induces the steering of the wheels of the ski S and the variation of the angle C1 induces the steering of the wheels of the ski S1, from the neutral position, where the values of C and C1, close to 90 °, involve moving in a straight line.

The opening of the angle C accompanied by the closing of the angle C1, and reciprocally, causes the steering of the two skis in the same direction.

The steering angle for each ski is proportioned to the values of the angles C and C1 on the one hand, and the degree of tightening of the handle (s) 206 on the other hand.

Again a variation of tightening of the handles never leads to a turn. In the present case, this variation in tightening varies the turn turning radius for given angles C and C1, themselves proportioned to the degree of inclination of the skier.

The pivot links 247 and 248 allow the variations of the angles C and C1, which are in a plane substantially normal to the direction of movement of the machine, when no ski is substantially more advanced than the other. The variations of the angles C and C1 are exploited by jacks.

The slide function of the links 249 and 250 makes it possible to vary the spacing of the skis. The weak springs 251 and 252 keep the rigid rod 253 otherwise free to friction close to circulate in its longitudinal direction, between a central position and off-center towards the outside of the bend.

The pivot function of the links 249 and 250 allows the movement by which the front of a ski is raised by lowering the rear, and vice versa, independently of the other ski.

The pivot links 254 and 255 allow the practitioner to advance one ski relative to the other (take the slot), and to diverge or converge the two skis.

All movements between the two skis are thus allowed, except that a movement causing a variation of the angles C and C1 involves a deflection of the wheels, ranging from zero to a predetermined maximum, depending on the tightening of the handles 206.

Furthermore, in an inclined phase where one angle C is obtuse and the other acute, to advance the inner ski at the turn relative to the other ski (to take the slot) results in closing slightly the angle C obtus and slightly open the acute angle C, thus lengthening the radius of the turn moderately. This adds to the kinship of this machine and alpine skiing, in which practice a slot while the weight of the skier is substantially distributed over the entire length of the skis, also results in an extension of the radius of the turn.

At least one link in this device is designed for a separation of the two skis, for the case of collision with an obstacle located on the passage of the practitioner, between his legs and at the height of the portion 253, so that all device does not suffer damage.

Claims

1. Sports machine comprising displacement means, means for fixing a part of the body of the user to the displacement means, means for varying the elastic deformation capacity of at least a part of the machine,

characterized in that said means of variation are controllable by the user during displacement by remote control means, connected to the means of variation by hydraulic or pneumatic circuits comprising at least one flexible sheath and at least one suitable distributor in addition to distributing the forces and displacements of gases or fluids intended for the means of variation.

2. sports machine according to claim 1, wherein the control means of the variation means comprise at least one handle (4, 6, 103, 104) provided with clamping means (5, 9, 105, 106) intended to be held in the hand of the user during the trip, or practice of the sport.

3. A sports machine according to claim 2 wherein the means for controlling the variation means control the means for varying the elastic deformation capacity of a part of the machine during the use in displacement of the machine.

4. A sports machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing means are adapted to receive at least one foot of the user.

5. A sports machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the elastic deformation of a part of the machine is the elastic deformation of the moving means.

6. A sports machine according to claim 5, wherein the variation means are configured to vary the stiffness of the displacement means.

7. A sports machine according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the variation means are configured to vary the amplitude of the elastic deformation of the displacement means.

8. A sports machine according to one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the variation means are configured to suppress the resilient deformation capacity of at least a portion of the displacement means.

9. A sports machine according to one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the elastic deformation is bending / extension and / or compression / traction and / or torsion.

10. A sports machine according to claim 9, wherein the means for varying the bending / extension deformation capacity and / or in compression / traction and / or torsion comprise at least one rod (1 12) oriented according to the invention. longitudinal axis of the displacement means.

1 1. A sports machine according to claim 1 0, wherein the rod (1 12) having no symmetry of revolution is rotatable on itself.

12. A sports machine according to claim 1 1, wherein the rotation of the rod (1 12) is controlled by a jack (1 13).

13. A sports machine according to one of claims 1 0 to 12, wherein the rod (1 12) is elliptical section.

14. Machine according to one of claims 12 and 13, comprising a guide formed on the displacement means and adapted to receive the rod (1 12).

15. sports machine according to one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the moving means comprise at least one blade (1 1).

16. A sports machine according to claim 1 5, wherein the means for varying the elastic deformation capacity comprise at least one jack (21) substantially oriented along the longitudinal axis of the blade (1 1).

17. A sports machine according to claim 16, comprising at least one accumulator (51) for controlling the amplitude of the stroke of the jack (21).

18. A sports machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the elastic deformation of a part of the machine is the modification of the relative positions of at least one fastening means and the moving means, by a minus a pivot link provided with a resiliently biased return to a predetermined position.

19. A sports machine according to claim 18, wherein the variation means are adapted to vary the resistance to rotational movement allowed by the pivot connection, by the variation of its restoring force in the predetermined position.

20. Sports machine according to one of claims 1 8 or 19, wherein the means of variation are intended to vary the allowable amplitude of the rotation permitted by the pivot connection, by the variation of its restoring force in the predetermined position. .

21. A sports machine as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the variation means is for suppressing the possibility of rotation by forced holding in the predetermined position.

22. Sports machine according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the means of variations are configured to force the return of the fastening means and the moving means to their predetermined relative positions.

23. A sports machine according to claims 18 to 22, which comprises a board (201), comprising the means (202) for fixing at least one foot (204) of the user, the moving means and means for link (203) adapted to allow a modification of the relative position of the fixing means (202) and displacement means and control means of said modification of the relative position.

24. sports machine according to claim 23 wherein the control means of said relative position change are controllable by the user, during the practice of sport.

25. A sports machine according to claim 23 or 24 wherein the means for controlling said modification of the relative position comprise at least one handle (206) provided with clamping means intended to be held in a hand of the user during the sports practice.

26. A sports machine according to any one of claims 23 to 25 wherein the connecting means (203) comprise a hydraulic system.

27. A sports machine according to any one of claims 23 to 26 wherein the modification of the relative position of the fastening means (202) and the displacement means is a rotation according to at least one degree of freedom.

28. A sports machine according to any one of claims 23 to 27 wherein the displacement means are constituted by a sliding surface formed by a surface (209) of the board (201) facing the surface (208) where evolves the sports gear.

29. A sports machine according to any one of claims 23 to 28 wherein the moving means comprises rolling means adapted to be received by the board (201) and oriented towards the surface (208) where the sports vehicle evolves.

30. sports machine according to any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein at least one sheath of the hydraulic or pneumatic circuit is fixed at the level of the fixing means and / or variation means by a male connector (124a) or female adapting to a female connector (124b) or male, respectively, located at the level of the fixing means and / or the means of variation, so that, during a voluntary or involuntary disconnection of the boot and the fixing means , there is disengagement of the sheath and the fixing means.