WO2012098053A1

WO2012098053A1 - Support element for reception in a tension or load support belt

Info

Publication number: WO2012098053A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/050481
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernd Reif; Marcel Remp; Tobias Schmidt; Heide Gommel; Max Von Bistram; Florian Gojny; Nicolas ZSCHOERPER
Original assignee: Sgl Carbon Se
Priority date: 2011-01-17
Filing date: 2012-01-13
Publication date: 2012-07-26
Also published as: DE102011002796A1

Abstract

Support element (1) for reception in a tension or load support belt (10) as an element that withstands tension or loading, which is formed substantially like a belt with two width demarcating lines B1 and B2 in cross section (Q) relative to the direction of longitudinal extent and with two height demarcating lines H1 and H2 likewise in cross section (Q) relative to the direction of longitudinal extent, and which comprises a plurality of synthetic fibres which run substantially in the direction of longitudinal extent and are embedded in a polymeric matrix material, wherein at least one of the width demarcating lines B1 and B2 and/or at least one of the height demarcating lines H1 and H2 has a non-linear progression.

Description

Carrier element for receiving in a train or Lastträgergurt

Description:

The present invention relates to a support member for receiving in a train or Lastträgergurt as tension or load-bearing element, which is formed substantially gurt-shaped. Furthermore, the invention relates to a suitably trained train or Lastträgergurt. For tensile or force transmission, the carrier element has a plurality of synthetic fibers extending substantially in the longitudinal direction, which are embedded in a polymeric matrix material.

Synthetic fibers are to be understood here and below as including either a non-naturally occurring material, in particular a chemically generated material or consisting of it, as well as fibers produced in an artificially manufactured process. For example, basalt fibers or glass fibers are synthetic fibers within the meaning of the present application. This applies in particular to any form of carbon fibers or arabin fibers.

Such carrier elements are intended to receive in a train or Lastträgergurt the forces acting on the belt forces and continue to conduct in a suitable manner, substantially along the fiber direction. The fields of application of such a train or load carrier belt are versatile and include u.a. Cable systems in conveyor systems, transport systems, train systems, elevator systems, or machines for train or power transmission.

The support element according to the invention is formed like a belt, that is, it has a longitudinal direction along which the train or power transmission takes place. In addition, the carrier element also has a cross-section perpendicular to this longitudinal extension direction, which has a substantially larger width. tenerstreckung has as height extension. The width extension relates here to the effective width extension, ie approximately the average width extension. The vertical extent here also relates to the effective height extension, ie about the average height extent.

The geometric boundaries of the cross-section are defined by two width-limiting lines B1 and B2 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and two height-limiting lines H1 and H2 also perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. If the delimitation or differentiation of the individual boundary lines of the cross-section is not immediately apparent, for example because the individual boundary lines meet at an angle of> 0 ° and form, for example, an edge or a peak, one can for auxiliary definition and delimitation of the individual boundary lines Rectangle be inscribed in the cross-sectional shape Q, so that the points of contact between the R cheeck edges and the cross-section Q respectively define the beginning and the end of the individual boundary lines. Likewise, a geometric section of a rectangular shape having the cross-sectional shape Q may allow the definition of the boundary lines if, for example, the cross-sectional shape Q is too complex or not symmetrical.

The support member is typically used in a state of use for traction or power transmission, that a support of the train or load carrier belt takes place approximately in relation to a direction of order or roller over the width extension, i. one of the height limiting lines H1 or H2 experiences contact with the deflection or roller and there occurs in frictional action with its surface.

In this case, it has now been found that in the case of rectangular cross sections of the carrier element, voltage and / or pressure peaks, ie local voltage increases or pressure increases, in particular at the edges of such a rectangular cross section, can occur. Due to the deflections, the tension at the edges is significantly increased even in the case of very tension-resistant fibers, such as carbon fibers, during deformation of the support element, for example during deflection around a roller, so that these areas can first succumb to material fatigue. Typically, therefore, with carrier elements having rectangular cross-sections, the first fiber breaks occur in the regions of the edges. A comparable determination can also be made with regard to the pressure-loaded corner regions, which are subjected to deflection of the carrier element around a roller of increased pressure load or shear stress and due to this load preferably tire or break out of the matrix material.

The object of the present invention is thus to provide a carrier element for inclusion in a train or Lastträgergurt as a tensile or load-bearing element to propose, which has improved breaking strength and improved fatigue behavior in use. In particular, a support element is to be proposed, which can reduce fatigue in the region of the lateral boundary lines of the cross section Q.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 has a non-linear course.

In particular, the object is formed by a carrier element for receiving in a train or load carrier belt as tension or load-bearing element which is substantially gurtförmig with two width-limiting lines B1 and B2 in cross-section to the longitudinal direction and with two height-limiting lines H1 and H2 also in cross-section to the longitudinal direction and comprising a plurality of synthetic fibers substantially extending in the longitudinal direction embedded in a polymeric matrix material, wherein at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 has a non-linear course.

Also, the object is achieved by such a support member having train or load carrier belt. This may in particular have a suitable sheath of a polymer. The invention is based on the idea that the carrier element can be adapted in terms of its cross-sectional shape to the loads in a state of use, that the stress and pressure peaks, which can be detected especially in a support member having a rectangular cross-section Q, by a suitable shaping the cross-sectional boundary lines, that is, the two width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and the two height-limiting lines H1 and H2, can be reduced. Here, in particular cross-sectional shapes have been found to be suitable, which have a non-linear course, especially a curved course, as these can be adapted to various requirements in practical use. Such differ fundamentally from purely rectangular embodiments, as are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 4,563,391 A1 as prior art.

In the use state, different forces or stresses act on the carrier element, which, depending on the cross-sectional shape, can contribute to the formation of voltage peaks or pressure peaks, that is to say excessively high voltages or pressure peaks. Here, especially the bending stress and the bending pressure are to be expected, which occur when the belt-shaped support member is guided and deflected over a roller. Next is a surface pressure to be considered, with which the carrier element is pressed onto the roller, and can also contribute to a shift of the pressure or stress profile in the cross-section Q. A displacement of this profile can also be done by the drive torque, which, for example, a drive roller on the train or Lastträgergurt further to the support element when it is driven by the roller. Another important influencing factor, which may contribute to the change of the pressure or stress profile in the cross section Q, are torsional movements, or partial rotations about the longitudinal extension direction of the carrier element as a rotation axis. Such a torsional movement leads to a rotation of the otherwise belt-shaped carrier element and causes a tension peak, in particular in the case of the fibers, which are furthest away from the axis of rotation in the direction of longitudinal extension. Typically, these are the areas around the width boundary lines B1 and B2 which experience increased stress. The combination of the influencing factors described above, which can be determined in detail for concrete applications, make it necessary in the context of the present invention to adapt the cross-sectional shape Q of the carrier element to the specific application in order to avoid premature wear or premature fatigue. Here, the present invention proposes to form at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 so that it has a non-linear course. A non-linear course is able to specify a cross-sectional shape in which no or only reduced stress and / or pressure peaks exist for a given stress and pressure profile, ie for a given application. In addition, the distribution of stresses or pressures in the voltage or pressure profile of the cross section can be suitably influenced. In particular, a deviation from a rectangular profile can specifically avoid the formation of stress and pressure peaks at the corners. By a non-linear course, in particular, the torsional forces can be advantageously influenced during a rotation of the carrier element in the longitudinal direction of extension and a bend perpendicular to this longitudinal direction.

Since the tensile or compressive stresses can sometimes be very high in tensile or load belt applications, even very small deviations in the cross-sectional shape of the support element can sometimes lead to significantly improved fatigue properties. For this purpose, it should also be considered that the train or load belt applications have to perform predetermined movements sometimes several million times over their lifetime, so that even small fluctuations in the voltage and / or pressure profile in cross section Q of a support element over the entire period of use already noticeable changes in the fatigue quality can lead. Even deviations from an idealized cross-sectional shape in the region of 1% of the surface area or even less can sometimes have a noticeable change in the long-term quality and long-term stability of such a carrier element.

Another core of the invention is also to be seen in an adaptation of the cross-sectional shape Q of the support element to the stress and pressure conditions in a concrete train or load carrier application to make such a possible lends good long-term stability of the support element to obtain throughout its life. In particular, it is possible with the present invention not only to postpone the fatigue until the unsuitability of the support member for a particular application, but also to influence the temporally functional course of this fatigue behavior low. This also makes maintenance much easier and more efficient in terms of time.

According to a first particularly preferred embodiment of the carrier element, it is provided that at least one of the width limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height limiting lines H1 and H2 has a single curved and / or a multiple curved course. A curvature of one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 in particular can reduce the stress or pressure peaks in the region of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2. Likewise, a curvature of one of the height boundary lines H1 and H2 can reduce the stress or pressure peaks in the area of the height boundary lines H1 and H2. Be particularly advantageous here simply curved boundary lines have made.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the cross-section Q is not substantially rectangular. A deviation from the rectangular shape reduces in particular the stress peaks at the corners of the rectangular cross-section Q.

In a further embodiment it can be provided that at least one of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height limitation lines H1 and H2 has a substantially constant curved course. A constant curvature is in this case particularly easy to implement, since the formation of a tool for forming the support member can be done in a particularly simple manner. As a form of constant curvature, a circle segment or a pitch circle area should be mentioned.

In a further embodiment it can also be provided that the at least one of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height limitation lines H1 and H2 has a variable curved course. A variable curvature allows a further improved coordination of the cross-sectional area of the carrier element with the voltage and pressure profile, which is established in a specific application of the carrier element. A variable curvature can be suitably adjusted in particular to time-varying pressure profiles.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, it can also be provided that the width limitation lines B1 and B2 each form at most one peak. A tip can also be understood in terms of an edge. A peak is always formed between two boundary lines if at the point of their meeting there is a non-differentiable point. This abstract mathematical definition should also be interpreted in the sense of the physical expansions in the real world in such a way that a peak can be detected not only in one point but also in one area. For example, the extent of a synthetic fiber requires the interpretation of a peak not only according to a point expansion but in terms of an area expansion. In addition, peaks or edges very easily form areas of particularly high stress loads. These areas should be avoided as much as possible. In this respect, according to the embodiment, at most two tips can be provided. Thus, in comparison to a rectangular embodiment, such an embodiment is at least two peaks, i. E. reduced by at least two regions of high potential voltage values.

According to a further embodiment, it can also be provided that at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 has such a curved course that the cross-section Q has a thickening extending in the width direction, in particular a centrally arranged thickening. Such a thickening is particularly suitable for increasing the tensile strength of the carrier element, but without increasing the torsional stresses of the carrier element to the same extent. In addition, such a cross-sectional shape is also suitable for transferring the surface pressure forces in a suitable manner onto the carrier element. According to another embodiment, it can also be provided that at least one of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 has a curved course such that the cross-section Q has a thickening extending in the direction of vertical extent, in particular a centrally arranged thickening. Such thickenings can contribute in particular to reducing the voltage peaks in the region of the height limiting lines and thus to influence the voltage and pressure distribution in the carrier element in a suitable manner.

Preferably, it can also be provided that the cross section Q has at most two, in particular only one, and particularly preferably no region at the width limitation lines B1 and B2 and the height limitation lines H1 and H2, which forms a tip. As already stated above, peaks or edges in the cross section Q of the carrier element always show little suitability for avoiding or reducing voltage peaks in the cross section of the carrier element. On the contrary, they usually increase the local stress values in the material of the carrier element. In this respect, a reduced number of tips or edges compared to the typical cross-sectional shape of a rectangle sometimes contributes to the fact that the total number of points or areas in which an increased tension sets can be reduced.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is also provided that the dimensional accuracy of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 and / or the height limitation lines H1 and H2 in the longitudinal extension direction of the support element does not deviate more than 5%, in particular not more than 2% and preferably not more than 1% , Since even small deviations in the cross-sectional shape or in the course of the cross-sectional shape can already noticeably affect the long-term quality or long-term stability of the carrier element, it is desirable to minimize the deviations in the cross-sections Q along the longitudinal direction of the carrier element, In order to simultaneously minimize the temporal changes in the occurring stress and pressure profiles as low as possible. In particular, when geometric adjustments of the cross section of the carrier element to the force ratios are made in a specific application, such deviations are sometimes disadvantageous. In particular, deviations of less than 1% may be desirable because mitun- deviations in the range of 1% can lead to reduced long-term stability or faster fatigue.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, the synthetic fibers may comprise carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or glass fibers. Due to their high strength, especially tensile strength, these fiber types are particularly suitable for tensile and load applications. However, other fibers may also be included. Here, in particular, the tensile strength, the modulus of elasticity, as well as the working capacity of the fibers to be considered, since they may be relevant for use as a tensile or load-bearing structure.

According to a further preferred embodiment it can be provided that at least 20,000 fibers are covered by the carrier element, which are separated in the longitudinal direction of extension substantially and / or extend substantially uniformly over the matrix material. The minimum of 20,000 fibers ensures sufficient strength for most tensile and load applications. Above all, with this number of fibers can also easily be produced on a large scale carrier elements, which are also sufficiently light in the weight for many applications. A limitation of the fiber number upwards need not be provided, but such proves due to the geometric dimensions of a given cross-section Q in many cases as practical and even inevitable. For example, in many applications an upper fiber count of 2,000,000 may seem reasonable. In particular, in industry-standard applications, an upper fiber count of 500,000 appear to make sense.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, it can also be provided that the polymeric matrix material comprises a thermoplastic and / or an elastomeric and / or a thermoset polymer, in particular an elastomeric polyurethane or a thermoplastic-elastomeric polyurethane. Such matrix materials are particularly suitable for accommodating fibers in a flexible composite, wherein an introduction of force into the fibers can advantageously take place via the formed interfaces and adapted phase adhesion. Furthermore, the matrix materials have sufficient flexibility or elasticity to keep the rigidity of a carrier element sufficiently low for many applications. The distribution of the fibers in the matrix material can be substantially uniformly distributed, or else substantially heterogeneous. A substantially uniform distribution of the fibers in the matrix material also allows the neglect of individual, partially arranged material defects in the design of the cross-sectional geometry.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it can also be provided that the volume ratio of synthetic fibers to polymeric material is between 35 and 90, in particular between 45 and 80 and preferably between 55 and 70. On the one hand, such a volume ratio ensures a sufficient connection to the matrix material while at the same time providing advantageous elasticity and sufficient tensile strength of the carrier element. In addition, at these volume ratios results in an advantageous processability of the mixture of fibers and matrix material, for example in the context of a pultrusion process or an extrusion process.

To avoid stress and pressure peaks in the cross section Q of the carrier element, it may also be advantageous for the synthetic fibers in the carrier material to have a substantially uniform bias. This pressure and voltage fluctuations along the longitudinal direction of the support member are increasingly avoided. In addition, the relative change in the fiber stresses in the carrier element is reduced approximately with a concrete use of the carrier element, so that the reduced relative change can also result in a relatively smaller change in the voltage and pressure peaks.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, moreover, the support element at the location of its greatest width extension is not greater than 20 cm, in particular not greater than 10 cm, preferably not greater than 5 cm and particularly preferably not greater than 4 cm. Such width expansions are suitable for most tensile and load applications, but at the same time allow for an advantageous reduction in stress peaks due to torsional forces.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it may also be provided that the carrier element is in the position of its greatest height. extension is not greater than 0.4 cm, in particular not greater than 0.3 cm, preferably not greater than 0.2 cm and particularly preferably not greater than 0, 1 cm or 0.05 cm. This height expansion allows on the one hand an advantageous flexibility or elasticity of the support member to be able to store a carrier element comprehensive tensile or Lastträgergurt about suitable on rollers, or to lay roles or to be redirected by these, at the same time especially in terms of occurring Bending stresses or compressive stresses reduced values can be achieved.

According to a further aspect of the invention, it can also be provided that the carrier element has a strength of at least 1 kN maximum load, in particular at least 10 kN maximum load, preferably at least 20 kN maximum load and particularly preferably at least 30 kN or even 50 kN maximum load having. Thus, the carrier element is suitable for most tensile or load applications. Larger load values can also be provided if required. In this case, however, the number of individual fibers in the carrier element in conjunction with their fiber strengths must be taken into account as above all.

According to further possible embodiments, the carrier element can be produced by a method known to the person skilled in the art. Such methods should be particularly well suited to the production of continuous structures, i. Structures that allow production of the carrier element in series are suitable. In addition, the cross sections Q of the carrier elements should be suitably adjusted by means of such methods. If these methods are carried out with suitable tools, the cross-sectional shapes can be set to specific applications, wherein the stress profiles or pressure profiles occurring in the cross-section Q can be advantageously taken into account.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described purely by way of example with reference to advantageous embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Showing:

1 is a cross-sectional view of a known from the prior art support member having a rectangular cross-section. Fig. 2a is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the invention for explaining the definition of the width boundary lines B1 and B2 and height boundary lines H1 and H2;

Fig. 2b is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention for further explanation of the definition of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and height-limiting lines H1 and H2;

3a is a perspective view of a train or load carrier belt, which is guided around a roller, for explaining various influencing factors, which can also determine the tension profile or pressure profile in the cross section Q of the support element;

Fig. 3b is a perspective view of a twisted train or Lastträgergurts to explain the influence of the torsion, which can determine the voltage profile or pressure profile in the cross section Q of the support member with.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention;

9 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention; Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a support element 1, which has a rectangular cross section Q and is already known from the prior art. The carrier element 1 has a longitudinal extent L, which can be suitably selected depending on the application. Since, according to the invention, it is a substantially belt-like carrier element, the width extension B is greater than the height extent H. Width extent B and height extent H are to be understood or determined as effective values which can be determined, for example, according to averaging or RMS value determination.

A disadvantage of the embodiment of the support element 1 is the shape of the corners, which have edges K, which are identified by individual encirclements. The edges K are respectively formed at the touch points of the width restriction line B1 and the height boundary line H1, the width boundary line B1 and the height boundary line H2, the width boundary line B2 and the height boundary line H1, and the width boundary line B2 and the height boundary line H2. Since all boundary lines have a linear course, ie are designed as straight sections, edges K are formed at the respective points of contact.

It should be noted that in the present description of the invention no explicit distinction between edges K and peaks S should be made. Both in the case of the formation of edges, as well as peaks, it comes namely in carrier elements in specific situations of use for the formation of voltage spikes, especially in the areas of the edges or tips. Although a voltage peak in the region of a peak can be designed to be particularly high, this depends on a number of physical parameters as well as the specific application. In this respect, although edges and peaks will continue to be formally referred to separately below in the following, no distinction should be made in the context of the invention between these expressions.

As shown in Fig. 1, the cross-section Q of the support member 1 is bounded by the width limitation lines B1 and B2 and by the height limit lines H1 and H2. The width extension B and the height extension H are in particular derein uniquely determined by the length of the height boundary lines H1 or H2 or by the length of the width boundary lines B1 or B2.

The determination of the width dimension B and the height extent H in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2a requires either an RMS or other form of fixation. In the present case, the values Breitenausdehnung B and the height extent H were determined as maximum values in each of the width extension direction and the height extension direction. However, this provision is not mandatory and may be replaced by other reasonable provisions.

FIG. 2 a shows a first and particularly preferred embodiment of the carrier element which has an essentially curved profile of the circumference of the cross section Q on all sides. In order to determine the beginning of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 as well as the height limitation lines H1 and H2, the cross section Q can be inscribed with a rectangle whose corner points allow the respective starting points or end points of the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2 to be defined.

Once these starting points or end points have been established, the cross-section Q can be described as limited by the width limitation lines B1 and B2 and the height limitation lines H1 and H2, wherein all the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2 each have a curvature that has a respective changing curvature profile has, ie the curvatures of the respective lines are not constant. In particular, the curvature values run such that they have a matching curvature value at the respective starting points or end points of the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2, at which they respectively contact.

If the cross-section Q is symmetrical (even two-fold mirror-symmetrical), as shown in FIG. 2a, the respective starting points or end points of the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2 can be unambiguously determined by the introduction of a rectangle into the circumferential lines of the cross section Q. , However, as shown in Figure 2b, if the cross-section Q is no longer symmetrical, it may sometimes be unambiguous Determination of the start and end points of the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2 no longer occur. However, this fact is not of decisive importance for the present invention, since in most cases it is only important to make a meaningful determination of the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2. This can be done by the expert in case of doubt in a suitable manner. Thus, in the embodiment according to FIG. 2b, for example, the width limiting line B1 can be determined from different points of intersection of the partially inscribed rectangle with the circumferential line of the cross section Q. A presently meaningful choice could be made on the basis of the intersections, for example, such that a symmetrical design of the width limitation line B1 is achieved. However, since the exact shape of the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2 is not relevant to the invention, it should be sufficient that a reasonable choice is made, which allows the concept of the invention in the cross-sectional shape on the basis of the boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and To describe H2.

Fig. 3a shows a schematic and perspective view of a pull or load carrier belt 10 with a support member 1, which is deflected around a roller and partially runs around it. Alternatively, the representation can also be considered as a schematic representation of the carrier element 1 itself, which is deflected around the roller 1 1. The direction of rotation of the roller 1 1 is indicated here by an arrow in a suitable perspective. The circulation of the pull or load carrier belt 10 is such that it enters on the inlet side at a right angle to the direction of the roller axis (plane which is directed to the viewer) and is guided away after the deflection at an angle ß of the roller, i. the longitudinal extension direction on the outlet side after running off the roller 1 1 is no longer perpendicular to the axis of the roller 1 1 but substantially at a smaller angle, i. an angle of (90 ° - ß). As an alternative to this embodiment, it may also be provided that the circulation takes place in such a way that the pull or load carrier belt on the inlet side enters at an angle deviating from a right angle to the direction of the roller axis, but on the outlet side at a right angle to the direction of the roller axis expires.

The angle β, between the inlet direction and outlet direction, which is also called the Fleetangle, causes torsion about a longitudinal direction of extension. Angled axis, and significantly influenced the stress and pressure distribution profile over the cross-section Q along the longitudinal direction of the support member 1 after running from the roll. In this case, the stresses or pressures in the region of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 are increased and can thus lead to an increased load on these areas and to an early fatigue over longer periods of use. Further contribute to the bending of the support member 1 due to the deflection around the roller 1 1, and due to the contact force A to influence the voltage and pressure distribution profile over the cross section Q at. In particular, in this case the areas of the carrier element 1, which are arranged closer to the surface of the deflection roller, typically exposed to higher compressive forces and the areas of the support element 1, which are located further away from the surface of the deflection roller, typically higher tensile forces. Taking into account, inter alia, these physical factors, it can be stated that no peaks or edges should be provided in order to reduce overvoltages or voltage peaks in the region of the width limitation lines B1 and B2. In addition, the region of the carrier element 1, which assigns the surface of the roll, have a relatively less curved surface in order to introduce the contact forces or contact forces better and more uniformly into the carrier element 1.

3b shows another form of torsion, namely about an axis in the direction of the longitudinal extension L in the longitudinal direction of the support element. 1 In this case, it is obvious that the regions of the carrier element 1, which are arranged closer to the central longitudinal extension line 15, undergo less twisting and consequently do not contribute so much to stress peaks in the cross section Q of the carrier element 1 as further away from the central longitudinal extension line 15 area. Thus, in particular, the regions which are arranged in the region of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 are exposed to a greater rotation, so that larger stress or pressure values are also to be expected there. In order to keep the stress and pressure peaks in such a case low, in the present case a cross-sectional shape Q according to FIG. 7 could be provided which has a symmetrical thickening in the widthwise direction. The thickening is arranged closer to the central longitudinal extension line 15 than approximately regions near the width limitation lines B1 and B2, and would thus be smaller Exposed to voltage or pressure fluctuations. The cross section Q could consequently have a relatively more even distribution of stress or pressure.

4 shows a cross section Q through a further embodiment of a carrier element 1 according to the invention. Like the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the present embodiment also has four edges K, which in concrete applications can contribute to a tension or pressure increase. Nevertheless, a non-uniformly curved height limiting line H1 contribute approximately to a greater tensile or load carrying force while torsion about an axis parallel to the longitudinal extent L, but without undue Spannungsbzw. Introduce pressure peaks in the support element 1.

5 shows a cross section Q through a further embodiment of a carrier element 1 according to the invention. The embodiment differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 only in that the corners or edges of the carrier element 1 are at least locally rounded. In particular, the voltage and / or pressure peaks typically occurring there are thus reduced.

The embodiment of FIG. 6 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the two width-limiting lines B1 and B2 have a curved, in particular a not uniformly curved course. Such a course is particularly suitable for avoiding voltage or pressure peaks in the region of the two width-limiting lines B1 and B2.

The embodiment according to FIG. 7 has curved width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and curved height-limiting lines H1 and H2, which in particular have a not uniformly curved course. The embodiment according to FIG. 8 differs from that according to FIG. 7, inter alia in that in the region of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 there is provided in each case a tip S (indicated by the encirclings), which in the embodiment according to FIG Areas are replaced. Although in the area of the tips a voltage or pressure increase can occur in the concrete operation, however, the carrier element according to FIG. 8 can be made relatively flatter, whereby can be relatively reduced by the bending stresses about at a deflection about a role.

The embodiment according to FIG. 9 has a cross-section Q, which differs from that according to FIG. 1 in that the corners are rounded, at the same time providing a central taper in the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 as well as height-limiting lines H1 and H2. The boundary lines B1, B2, H1 and H2 in this case are executed repeatedly curved. This embodiment allows a suitable stress or pressure distribution in the region of the width limitation lines B1 and B2.

The embodiment according to FIG. 10 shows an asymmetrical embodiment of the cross section Q, wherein the width limitation lines B1 and B2 each have a different curvature profile. At the same time, the height limiting lines are not substantially curved.

Further embodiments can be obtained by rounding off the edges or points shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 with a predetermined radius of curvature. The radius of curvature can be adjusted in a suitable manner taking into account the present teaching.

Finally, it should be pointed out in particular that the embodiments described above are used on their own and in combination with each other. In particular, claimed embodiments of the invention may employ individual features, i. approximately formations of the width boundary lines B1 and B2 and height limiting lines H1 and H2 in combination according to different embodiments have according to requirements.

At the same time, it should also be pointed out again that the shapes of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 as well as height limitation lines H1 and H2 in the present exemplary embodiments are to be understood only schematically and that no concrete size ratios can be derived from the figures. As already mentioned above, the deviations of the individual width limitation lines B1 and B2 as well as height limitation lines H1 and H2 can be determined by a fixed bene form, such as a rectangular shape, even by a few percent or even by only about one percent or less, since even such deviations due to the high loads and the multiple load cycles to which the support members 1 are exposed during their lifetime, a noticeable Change the long-term stability and the fatigue properties of the support element can set.

Reference numerals:

1 support element

10 train or load carrier belt

1 1 roll

15 centerline extension line

B1 width limitation line

B2 width limit line

H1 height limit line

H2 height limit line

Q cross section

S tip

K edge

B width expansion

H height expansion

L length extension

A contact force

B angle

Claims

Claims:

1. carrier element (1) for receiving in a train or Lastträgergurt (10) as tension or load-bearing element, which is substantially girt-shaped with two width-limiting lines B1 and B2 in cross-section (Q) for Längssestreckungsnchtung and with two height-limiting lines H1 and H2 as well is formed in the cross-section (Q) to the longitudinal direction, and which comprises a plurality of synthetic fibers extending substantially in the longitudinal direction, which are embedded in a polymeric matrix material,

characterized in that

at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 has a non-linear course.

2. Carrier element according to claim 1,

characterized in that

at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 has a single-curved and / or a multiple-curved course.

3. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the cross section (Q) is not substantially rectangular.

4. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 has a substantially constant curved course.

5. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 and / or at least one of the height-limiting lines H1 and H2 has a variably curved course.

6. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the width limitation lines B1 and B2 each form at most one peak (S).

7. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

at least one of the height boundary lines H1 and H2 has such a curved course, that the cross-section (Q) has a thickening extending in the direction of height extension, in particular a centrally arranged thickening.

8. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

at least one of the width-limiting lines B1 and B2 has a curved course such that the cross-section (Q) has a thickening extending in the width direction, in particular a centrally arranged thickening.

9. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the cross-section (Q) has at most two, in particular only one, and particularly preferably no region at the width boundary lines B1 and B2 and the height boundary lines H1 and H2, which forms a peak (S).

10. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the dimensional accuracy of the width limitation lines B1 and B2 and / or the height limitation lines H1 and H2 deviates in the longitudinal direction of extension of the carrier element not more than 5%, in particular not more than 2% and preferably not more than 1% in the longitudinal direction of extension.

11. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the synthetic fibers comprise carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers and / or glass fibers.

12. Carrier element according to claim 11,

characterized in that

at least 20,000 fibers are covered by the carrier element (1), which are separated in the longitudinal direction of extension substantially and / or extend substantially uniformly over the matrix material.

13. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the polymeric matrix material comprises a thermoplastic and / or an elastomeric and / or a thermosetting polymer, in particular an elastomeric polyurethane or a thermoplastic-elastomeric polyurethane.

14. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the volume ratio of synthetic fibers to polymeric material is between 35 and 90, in particular between 45 and 80 and preferably between 55 and 70.

15. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the synthetic fibers in the carrier element (1) have a substantially uniform bias.

16. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the carrier element (1) at the location of its greatest width extension (B) is not greater than 20 cm, in particular not greater than 10 cm, preferably not greater than 5 cm and particularly preferably not greater than 4 cm.

17. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the carrier element (1) at the location of its greatest height extent (H) not greater than 0.4 cm, in particular not greater than 0.3 cm, preferably not greater than 0.2 cm and more preferably not greater than 0.1 cm or 0.05 cm is.

18. Carrier element according to one of the preceding claims,

dad u rch netsi ch n et that

the carrier element (1) has a strength of at least 1 kN maximum load, in particular of at least 10 kN maximum load, preferably of at least 20 kN maximum load and particularly preferably of at least 30 kN or even 50 kN maximum load.

19. train or load carrier belt comprising a carrier element as a tensile or load-bearing element according to one of the preceding claims.