DE3813338A1 - High tensile strength element for dynamically stressed elastic articles, production of such high tensile strength elements, and article provided with such elements - Google Patents

Abstract

A high tensile strength element for dynamically stressed elastic articles, such as conveyor belts, drive belts, tension belts, running belts and chains for motor vehicles or the like, consists of a multiplicity of essentially unidirectionally extending high strength fibres (2) of a plastics material, such as polyamide, polyester and aramid, or minerals, such as carbon and glass, or the like fibre-forming materials, which have been embedded in an elastic matrix (3) in such a way that the individual fibres (2) do not touch. The fibres (2) embedded in the matrix (3) each form a strand (1). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a tensile element for dynamic stressed elastic objects, such as conveyor belts, Driving belts, tension belts, running belts and tracks for Vehicles or the like, a method of manufacturing such tiger tensile elements and one with such elements provided object.

The known tensile elements for objects of the front mentioned type consist of plastic threads or steel wires that are twisted, twisted, woven or stranded or ropes are tied.

Objects with train formed from plastic threads fixed elements have existing deposits, at for example, fabric conveyor belts, can be or hinge connections only through system-related Overlap connections exhibiting strength losses or by inserting auxiliary deposits in the area of Ver bonds are closed endlessly. Likewise, funding belts with interwoven multiple inserts only under the back loss of systemic strength through so-called Finger connections can be connected endlessly.

For the high strength classes of such objects Steel wire ropes are also often used. Steel wire However, ropes have the fundamental disadvantage of being very inherent weight, which is particularly important for inclined conveyor belt systems or vertical bucket elevators using limits puts. In addition, steel wire ropes are not corrosion resistant.  

It has therefore already been proposed instead of Steel wire ropes from similar strand-like structures twisted or stranded, lighter and rotting to use solid plastic fibers. It was keep the strand shape because only with it one - proven overlap connection for steel wire ropes can be produced, such as that DIN sheet 22131 recommended for conveyor belts.

With the required high tensile strengths that the correspond to steel wire ropes used in conveyor belts fibers come from polyester, polyamide or aramid or also out of glass in question. Especially the last two However, the materials mentioned are brittle and transverse printing sensitive; therefore they reach under dynamic Inadequate tensile strengths and a stress insufficient lifespan, especially on the connections put. Above all because of swirl and stranding the fibers are braced against each other and when processing an elastic matrix, at for example rubber, do not penetrate the strand sufficiently can. With a dynamic load rub themselves hence the crossing or touching fibers to each other.

The invention has for its object a tensile Element for objects of the type mentioned at the beginning to be designed so that the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided and that the tensile elements in particular are cheaper than the known elements.

The solution to the problem is that a Variety of essentially unidirectional high-strength fibers made of plastic, such as polyamide, polyester  and aramid, or minerals such as coal and glass or the like. into fibers to be processed, such as in a elastic matrix are embedded that the individual Do not touch fibers, and that the inserted into the matrix bedded fibers each form a strand.

The selection of the material for the fibers to be used and for the matrix is to be made so that the operating elongation of the fibers high enough or the matrix sufficient is elastic to any flexibility required of the element. This is particularly so for polyamide and polyester, but also for aramid, without further possible.

The matrix in which the fibers are embedded exists expediently made of a thermoplastic material.

The inventive design of the element is with low weight, rot resistance and maximum exploitation of material tensile strength known as inlay tensile elements native flexibility achieved with maximum durability. In addition, the element according to the invention offers a much more extensive design options.

In a further development of the invention, everyone is a fiction appropriate insert forming strand with a covering an elastic material, for example a mix polymer, provided both to the material of the Matrix as well as the material forming the objects has chemical adhesiveness.

The strand forming the insert and / or the covering can, depending on the purpose, a round or a have angular cross-section.  

An insert according to the invention is produced advantageous in such a way that initially several fiber matches from commercially available coils to disks divided by discs Special coils are rewound and then the fiber sliver pulled from the specialist coils and loosened up, for example by the action of an air stream and / or static electricity that then the fiber lunches in a soaking bath containing an elastic matrix being, essentially putting every fiber into the matrix is embedded, and that finally the fiber matches be brought together again so that after drying the fibers embedded in the matrix form a strand form. This creates an easy to use and easily processed tensile element.

Further procedural steps are in the subclaims 7 to 9 described.

An embodiment of one with elements according to the invention provided item is that several strands are arranged one above the other and / or next to one another.

Further configurations of an el mented item are in the subclaims 11 to 17 described.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.

Show it:

Figures 1 and 2 each a tensile element designed as a strand in a perspective view.

Figures 3 and 4 each another, with an envelope ver seen as a strand tensile element, also in perspective Dar position.

Figure 5 shows a device for rewinding fiber lunches from commercial spools on specialist spools, in plan view.

Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a device for producing a tension-proof element;

Fig. 7 to 11 each formed from an object having a polygonal strands tensile element in cross section;

Fig. 12 to 16 each formed from an object having a round strands tensile element, respectively in a perspective view.

In the shown in Fig. 1, as a strand 1 trained tensile element high-strength fibers 2 are embedded in an elastic matrix 3 . The fibers 2 run essentially unidirectionally, ie essentially rectilinearly in the same direction, the matrix 3 preventing the individual fibers 2 from touching one another. The strand 1 has a round cross section.

The strand 1 shown in FIG. 2, consisting of fibers 2 and a matrix 3 , has a square cross section.

FIGS. 3 and 4 each show a cover 4 provided with an elastic strand 1, wherein the wrapper 4 in Fig. 3 a round and in Fig. 4 has an angular cross-section.

The device shown in FIG. 5 is used to rewind fiber slivers 5 (so-called rovings) from commercially available bobbins 6 to bobbins 7 divided by discs. Here, the fiber slivers 5 are guided over a gate 8 and a roller guide 9 .

A tensile element can be produced on the system shown schematically in FIG. 6. Here at several specialist coils 7 are hung in the upper area of the system. The fiber slivers 5 are withdrawn from the specialist bobbins 7 and pass through a loosening device 10 and - in the loosened state - an impregnating bath 11 containing an elastic matrix 3 and are then brought together by means of a calibration nozzle 12 to form a strand. The loosening of the fibers 5 he follows by an air flow indicated by arrows 13 , which is generated by a fan 14 . In the lower area of the system, a trigger 15 is provided, which pulls the strand 1 through a drying or pre-gelling device 16 . The strand 1 is then wound onto a strand drum 17 .

Fig. 7 shows an object consisting exclusively of two levels of angular strands 1 and 1.1 . While the strands 1 of one level run in the main train direction, the strands 1.1 of the other level run transversely or diagonally thereto.

The object shown in FIG. 8 has a plurality of strands 1 with a square cross section which are arranged next to one another and run in the main pulling direction and are connected to a layer 18 of elastic material.

In the object shown in FIG. 9, a layer 18 of elastic material is arranged above two levels of strands 1 and 1.1 , of which the strands 1 of one level run in the main pulling direction and the strands 1.1 of the other level run transversely or diagonally thereto . The strands 1.1 can have a round or an angular cross section; they can be arranged directly next to each other or at a distance.

In Fig. 10, an object is shown, are arranged in the plurality of strands 1 at a distance next to each other, wherein a profile strip 20 is inserted between each two strands 1. In this case, further strands 1.1 are provided above and below the strands running in the main train direction, which do not run in the main train direction. A layer 18 , 19 made of elastic material is seen above and below the strands 1.1 .

Fig. 11 shows an article which has two planes of running in the main direction strands. 1 Between the two levels of the strands 1 there is a level of further strands 1.1 which do not run in the main pulling direction. The three levels of strands 1 , 1.1 are laterally delimited by edge strands 1.2 . In this case too, layers 18 , 19 made of elastic material are provided above and below the strands.

The objects shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 can be conveyor belts, for example. The manufacture of these objects can be carried out with devices which are usually used for the manufacture of fabric conveyor belts.

The object shown in Fig. 12 has a plurality of spaced apart, in the main pulling direction strands 1 with a round cross-section, the strands 1 being arranged between two layers 18 and 19 made of elastic material. Between the layers 18 and 19 , two thinner layers 19.1 are also provided, which bring about an adhesion transfer between strands 1 and the layers 18 and 19 .

In the case of the object shown in FIG. 13, a plane of further strands 1.1 is provided above the strands 1 running in the main pulling direction, which does not run in the main pulling direction, but rather transversely or diagonally thereto. A layer 18 is arranged above the strands 1.1 and a layer 19 is arranged below the strands 1 . Another, adhesion-transmitting layer 19.1 is located between the layer 19 and the plane of the strands 1.1 . The layers 18 , 19 and 19.1 consist of elastic material. The strands 1.1 can have a round or an angular cross section; they can be arranged directly next to each other or at a distance.

The objects shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 can be conveyor belts, the manufacture of which can take place with devices which are usually used for the production of steel cable conveyor belts.

In Figs. 14 and 15, an object is each shown in which the strands are provided 1 with an envelope 4 from elasti schem material, wherein the enclosure 4 in Fig. 14 has a round and in Fig. 15 has a squared cross-section.

Fig. 16 shows an article, in which are arranged with an order hüllung 4 provided strands 1 at a distance next to each other and between each two sections 1 a profile strip 20 is inserted.

The objects shown in FIGS. 14 to 16 can also be conveyor belts, but the manufacture of these objects can be carried out with devices that are usually used for the manufacture of fabric conveyor belts.

In the objects shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, the distance between two of the strands 1 extending in the main direction is chosen such that the ends of the strands 1 allow an arrangement as they are for a connection of several such objects or for an endless connection for example for steel cord belts recommended by DIN sheet 22131.

Claims (17)

1. Tensile element for dynamically stressed elastic objects, such as conveyor belts, drive belts, tension belts, running belts and crawlers for vehicles or the like, characterized by a large number of essentially unidirectional high-strength fibers ( 2 ) made of plastic, such as polyamide, polyester and aramid , or minerals, such as coal and glass, or the like. Materials to be processed into fibers, which are embedded in an elastic matrix ( 3 ) in such a way that the individual fibers ( 2 ) do not touch each other, and that those in the matrix ( 3 ) embedded fibers ( 2 ) each form a strand ( 1 ). 2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the matrix ( 3 ) consists of a thermoplastic material. 3. Element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each strand ( 1 ) with an envelope ( 4 ) made of an elastic material, for example a copolymer, is provided, both to the material of the matrix ( 3 ) and to which the objects form the material possesses chemical adhesion. 4. Element according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the strand ( 1 ) and / or its casing ( 4 ) has a round cross section. 5. Element according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the strand ( 1 ) and / or its casing ( 4 ) has an angular cross section. 6. A process for the production of tensile elements according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that first several fiber lunches ( 5 ) from commercially available bobbins ( 6 ) are rewound by disks under divided bobbins ( 7 ) and then the fiber lunches ( 5 ) are withdrawn and loosened from the specialist coils ( 7 ), for example by the action of an air flow and / or static electricity, so that the fiber lunches ( 5 ) are immersed in an impregnating bath ( 10 ) containing an elastic matrix ( 3 ), whereby essentially each Fiber ( 2 ) is embedded in the matrix ( 3 ), and that finally the fiber lunches ( 5 ) are brought together again, so that after drying the fibers ( 2 ) embedded in the matrix ( 3 ) form a strand ( 1 ). 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that after drying the matrix ( 3 ) is pre-gelled or crosslinked before. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the strand ( 1 ) is provided by extrusion coating with an elastic material with a covering ( 4 ), the material of the covering ( 4 ) both to the material of the matrix ( 3rd ) and chemical adhesion to the material forming the objects. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the covering ( 4 ) is pre-gelled or pre-crosslinked. 10. With elements according to one of claims 1 to 5 versehe ner object, characterized in that a plurality of strands ( 1 , 1.1 , 1.2 ) are arranged above and / or next to one another. 11. The article of claim 10, characterized in that the individual strands ( 1 , 1.1 , 1.2 ) are connected to one another, for example welded. 12. The article of claim 10 or 11, characterized in that above and / or below the strands ( 1 , 1.1 , 1.2 ) at least one layer ( 18 , 19 ) is provided from elastic material. 13. Object according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that at least some of the strands ( 1 , 1.1 ) are spaced apart and between these strands ( 1 , 1.1 ) profile strips ( 20 ) are provided. 14. Object according to claim 13, characterized in that the profile strips ( 20 ) consist of pre-gelled or pre-crosslinked elastic material. 15. Object according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the strands ( 1 ) have a distance from each other which corresponds at least to the diameter or the width of a strand ( 1 ). 16. Object according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that of the above and / or next to each other of the arranged strands ( 1 , 1.1 , 1.2 ) at least the strands ( 1.1 ) of a plane run in a direction other than the main pulling direction, for example, across or diagonally. 17. Object according to one of claims 10 to 16, characterized in that the strands ( 1 , 1.1 ) have a low bias.