WO2012092848A1 - 数据发送、接收方法及装置和网络系统 - Google Patents

数据发送、接收方法及装置和网络系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012092848A1
WO2012092848A1 PCT/CN2012/070004 CN2012070004W WO2012092848A1 WO 2012092848 A1 WO2012092848 A1 WO 2012092848A1 CN 2012070004 W CN2012070004 W CN 2012070004W WO 2012092848 A1 WO2012092848 A1 WO 2012092848A1
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Prior art keywords
rts
rtsa
user
cts
receiving
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PCT/CN2012/070004
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨讯
李云波
伍天宇
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2012092848A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012092848A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a data sending and receiving method, a device, and a network system. Background technique
  • MU-MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • SU-MIMO single-user MIMO
  • MU-MIMO requires that the number of transmitter antennas be greater than or equal to the sum of multiple receiver antennas, and multi-user communication in the spatial dimension is achieved by using precoding of channel information, in other words, this is spatial division multiple access (SDMA).
  • SDMA spatial division multiple access
  • a request to send (RTS) / a reply to send request (CTS) is usually used as a protection mechanism. If the user does not receive the CTS after sending the RTS, indicating that the data transmission conflicts, the subsequent data cannot be sent; if the CTS is received, the subsequent data will continue to be sent. Further, in addition to ensuring that the channel itself is available at the time of data transmission, the protection mechanism also needs to ensure that no data is transmitted by neighboring users (STAs) during data transmission, causing interference or even collision.
  • STAs neighboring users
  • RTS/CTS when one STA sends an RTS to another STA, other STAs will receive the signal.
  • the sending object set in the RTS format does not set the network allocation vector (NAV) after receiving the RTS and needs to reply to the CTS.
  • Other STAs that do not match the RTS/CTS setting are subject to the duration of the RTS/CTS format.
  • Set the Network Allocation Vector (NAV) Other STAs cannot initiate any action of the competing channel during the period of the NAV, nor can they send any signals, including sending data or replying to requests. This will ensure the STA between the communicating parties Normal data communication.
  • Data/ACK also plays the same function: when a STA sends data (Data) to another STA, the sender set in the data format does not set NAV after receiving the data and replies with an acknowledgment message after receiving it (ACK) Or Block ACK, BA) to send STA; other STAs set their own NAV according to the data or the duration of the confirmation message.
  • Data data
  • ACK acknowledgment message
  • BA Block ACK
  • the prior art adopts a processing method of performing RTS/CTS for only one user such as STA1 before transmitting MU-MIMO data.
  • other STAs such as STA-2 to STA-N
  • STA-2 to STA-N after receiving the RTS sent by the AP to STA-1, set the NAV according to the regulations, thus causing STA-2 ⁇ STA-N to receive the AP.
  • the block response (Block ACK, BA) defect cannot be replied to after the transmitted data.
  • Another way to do this is to do RTS/CTS for each user before sending MU-MIMO data.
  • the other STAs need to set the NAV according to the regulations.
  • the STA may also fail to reply to the BA after receiving the data sent by the AP, and the data transmission is not protected. defect.
  • the solution of resetting the NAV value of the STA is too complicated and difficult to implement.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a data sending and receiving method and apparatus, and a network system.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a data sending method, including: The broadcast transmission request notification RTSA, the RTSA carries a user address list; sends a transmission request RTS to the communication peer, and receives a transmission request reply CTS sent by the communication peer in response to the RTS;
  • the user address list is used to indicate that the user who received the RTSA receives the
  • the network allocation vector NAV is set after the RTS or the CTS.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a data receiving method, including:
  • a transmission request notification RTSA the RTSA carrying a user address list; receiving a transmission request RTS, if the target address of the RTS is a local address, transmitting a CTS response to the RTS response request, and continuing to receive data; If the target address of the RTS is not a local address and the local address is not in the user address list, a local network allocation vector NAV is set.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a data sending apparatus, including:
  • a first processing module configured to broadcast a request to send an RTSA, where the RTSA carries a list of useful addresses;
  • a second processing module configured to send a sending request RTS to the communication peer, and receive a sending request reply CTS sent by the communications peer in response to the RTS;
  • a third processing module configured to send data to the communication peer end
  • the user address list is used to indicate whether a user who receives the RTSA sets a network allocation vector NAV after receiving the RTS or the CTS.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a data receiving apparatus, including:
  • a fourth processing module configured to receive a sending request notification RTSA, where the RTSA carries a list of useful addresses
  • a fifth processing module configured to receive a transmission request RTS, if the target address of the RTS is a local address, send a CTS response to the RTS response request, and continue to receive data; if the target address of the RTS is not Local address, and the local address is not in the user address list In the middle, the local network allocation vector NAV is set.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a network system, including at least one data transmitting apparatus and at least one data receiving apparatus provided by embodiments of the present invention.
  • the data sending and receiving method and device and the network system provided by the embodiments of the present invention are supplemented and expanded by adding an RTSA as an RTS/CTS mechanism, and the STA receiving the RTSA receives the RTS/CTS according to the user address list in the RTSA. Instructing whether to set the NAV or not can timely reply the data sent by the data sending end, overcomes the problems of conflicting and difficult implementation of the prior art, and provides an effective protection mechanism for data transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a data sending method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving MU-MIMO data according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving an RTS by the STA in the embodiment of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a state machine in which a STA receives a CTS in the embodiment of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving MU-MIMO data according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving an RTS by a STA in the embodiment of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a state machine in which a STA receives a CTS in the embodiment of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving three single user data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a state machine in which an STA receives an RTS in the embodiment of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving four RTSs by an STA according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a state machine in which a STA receives a CTS according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving MU-MIMO data according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a STA receiving a data/acknowledgement request state in the embodiment of FIG. 13;
  • 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a data receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a network system according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the present invention provides a solution to the problem that the transmission of the MU-MIMO data is not effectively protected in the prior art, that is, before the RTS is sent, the data transmitting end is used as an example in the embodiment of the present invention, and the AP is a special type.
  • the data transmission STA sends a MAC frame to the peer, which can declare the NAV setting mechanism during data transmission.
  • the MAC frame is named as a RTS Announcement (hereinafter referred to as RTSA).
  • the sending method is broadcast mode and set before the RTS.
  • the RTSA can effectively protect data transmission between MU-MIMO and SU-MIMO.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a data sending method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes: Step 100: Broadcasting an RTSA, where the RTSA carries a user address list;
  • the AP Before the data transmitting end, for example, the AP sends data to the opposite end, it is detected whether the channel between the AP and each of the opposite STAs is available through the RTS/CTS. Generally, after receiving the RTS whose destination address is not its own, the STA performs the NAV setting according to the existing regulations, so that the subsequent BAR cannot be replied to the AP, and the data transmission cannot be effectively protected. for this problem,
  • a special MAC frame that is, an RTSA
  • the RTSA carries a user address list, where the user address list includes at least one sent data. User information of the target user.
  • the user information in the user address list may be the MAC address of the related STA, or the AID of the associated STA (Associated Identifier, the associated identifier, the address assigned by the AP), or the Group ID ( Group identification number, the group number assigned by the AP).
  • the interval between adjacent frames is smaller than the free time of competition (DIFS).
  • DIFS free time of competition
  • the RTS should be sent to the STAs in the user address list, and the interval smaller than the free contention time is the CTS corresponding to the RTS; thereafter, the RTS is sent to the second receiving STA after the interval less than the free contention time. .. ...
  • the STAs in the user address are sent RTS one by one.
  • Step 101 Send a sending request RTS to the communication peer, and receive a sending request reply CTS sent by the communications peer in response to the RTS.
  • the AP After the AP broadcasts the RTSA, it sends the RTS to the communication peer. After receiving the RTS, the STA that receives the RTSA returns a corresponding CTS to the AP if it determines that the target address of the RTS is the local address, and the CTS responds as the RTS.
  • the AP sends the corresponding RTS to all the communication peers that want to send data, each communication peer must return the corresponding CTS.
  • Step 102 Send data to the communication peer.
  • the AP After receiving the CTS returned by all communication peers, the AP can send data to the communication peer, for example, send MU-MIMO data to all communication peers at the same time.
  • the user address list is used to indicate whether the STA that receives the RTSA sets the NAV after receiving the RTS or the CTS, that is, the STA that receives the user address list receives the RTS or other STAs sent by the AP. After returning the CTS, it is necessary to judge whether or not to set the NAV based on the user address list.
  • the user address list is used to indicate that the target user who is not the RTS or CTS of the user who receives the RTSA and is not in the user address list, after receiving the RTS or CTS, follows the setting NAV operation criterion.
  • the operation criteria of the user address list can be set in advance on each STA (including the AP as a special STA).
  • the STA can set the NAV according to the operation criteria of the user address list, if it belongs to the user who is not the RTS or CTS target user and is not in the user address list among the users who receive the RTSA. In the case of a user who is not the target user of the RTS or CTS among the users who receive the RTSA but who are in the user address list, the NAV is not set. In this way, the AP can send the MU-MIMO data in time to return to the BA, so that the AP knows that the MU-MIMO data is successfully received, and does not need to perform retransmission operations, etc., and protects the transmission of the MU-MIMO data.
  • the STA receiving the RTSA selects whether to set the NAV according to the indication of the user address list in the RTSA.
  • Timely reply to the data sent by the data sender overcomes the problems of conflicting and difficult implementation of the prior art, and provides an effective protection mechanism for data transmission.
  • Step 200 Receive a sending request notification RTSA, where the RTSA carries a user address list;
  • Step 201 receiving a sending request RTS, If the target address of the RTS is a local address, send a CTS response to the RTS response, and continue to receive data; if the target address of the RTS is not a local address, and the local address is not in the user address list In the middle, the local network allocation vector NAV is set.
  • the STA receives the RTSA and the RTS in sequence.
  • the RTSA carries a user address list, where the user address list includes at least one user information of the target user, and the user information in the user address list may be the MAC address of the related STA, or may be related to the STA.
  • AID address assigned by AP;
  • Group ID group number assigned by AP.
  • the interval between adjacent frames in the embodiment of the present invention is smaller than DIFS.
  • an operation criterion of a user address list is set in advance in each STA (including an AP as a special STA), and the STA may be in accordance with the operation criterion of the user address list.
  • the NAV is set in the case of a user who is not a target user of the RTS or CTS and is not in the user address list among the users who receive the RTSA. NAV is not set in the case of a user who is not the target user of the RTS or CTS but who is in the user address list among the users who receive the RTSA.
  • the STA that receives the RTS knows that the target address of the RTS is a local address, it sends a CTS that responds to the RTS to the AP, and waits to receive data that is subsequently sent by the AP. If the STA that receives the RTS knows that the destination address of the RTS is not the local address and the local address is not in the user address list, then the STA performs the local NAV setting according to the operation criteria of the user address list. If the STA that receives the RTS knows that the destination address of the RTS is not the local address but is in the user address list, then NAV is not set in this case.
  • the AP can send the MU-MIMO data in time to return to the BA, so that the AP knows that the MU-MIMO data is successfully received, and does not need to perform retransmission operations, etc., and protects the transmission of the MU-MIMO data.
  • the data receiving method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is based on the RTSA as a supplement and extension of the RTS/CTS mechanism.
  • the STA receiving the RTSA selects whether to set the NAV according to the indication of the user address list in the RTSA, and can The sent data is promptly replied, overcoming the problems of conflicting and difficult implementation of the prior art, and providing an effective protection mechanism for data transmission.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving MU-MIMO data according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving an RTS by the STA in the embodiment of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving a CTS by the STA in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the present embodiment combines the RTSA with the conventional RTS/CTS, and the RTSA is combined with the RTS/CTS to protect the MU-MIMO data transmission process of the three STAs.
  • the APs are respectively The target user sends the corresponding RTS, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 5:
  • the process at the AP end can be described as follows:
  • the LAP broadcasts the RTSA, which includes a list of user addresses that the AP needs to communicate with the MU-MIMO; the user address list operation criteria are as described above, and are not described herein again.
  • the AP sends an RTS to STA1, and STA1 finds that the RA of the RTS matches its own local address, and then replies to the CTS;
  • the AP sends the RTS to the STA1, and after receiving the CTS sent by the STA1 in response to the RTS or not receiving the CTS within the predetermined time period, the RTS is sent to another communication peer, such as STA2.
  • the AP sends RTS to STA2 and STA3 respectively, and STA2 and STA3 find that the RA of the RTS matches its local address, and then replies to the CTS;
  • the AP sends data to STA1, STA2, and STA3 simultaneously using MU-MIMO. 5. Above, the interval of each frame is less than the free competition time interval DIFS.
  • the process at the STA can be described as follows:
  • the STA receives the RTSA from the AP and reads the list of user addresses therein;
  • STA first determines whether its local address is in the user address list. If it is in the user address list, after receiving the RTS whose destination address is in the user address list, the STA continues to determine that the target address of the RTS is a local address. If yes, then NAV is not set and CTS is returned; if not, ANV is not set and CTS is not returned. If the local address is not in the user address list, after receiving the RTS of the destination address in the user address list, and judging that the target address of the RTS is not the local address, NAV is set, and the CTS is not returned.
  • the STA in the user address list receives the CTS whose RA value is the AP address, and does not set NAV. Specifically, after receiving the RTSA from the AP and reading the list of user addresses, the STA first determines whether the local address is in the user address list, and if not, determines the target address of the CTS after receiving the CTS. If it is not a local address, set the NAV; if yes, after receiving the CTS, continue to determine whether the destination address of the CTS is the address of the transmitting STA (in this embodiment, the sending STA is an AP), and if so, the NAV is not set; No, set NAV.
  • the implementation method here may include two types, one is that the address of the AP is included in the user address list,
  • the STA knows that the RA value of the CTS is in the user address list, and the NAV is not set.
  • the other is AP
  • the address is not included in the user address list.
  • the STA knows that the RA value of the CTS is not in the user address list, but after determining that the RA value is the address of the AP, the NAV is also not set.
  • the method provided in this embodiment can ensure that the data transmission of the MU-MIMO is effectively guaranteed, and the NAV value can be avoided.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving MU-MIMO data according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving an RTS by a STA in the embodiment of FIG. 6
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving a CTS by the STA in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the embodiment combines the RTSA and the RTS/CTS in a multicast manner to protect the MU-MIMO data transmission process of the three STAs, as shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG.
  • the RTSA further includes time information that each STA needs to wait, that is, time information that the STA returns to the corresponding CTS.
  • AP broadcast RTSA where the AP needs to use the user address list of MU-MIMO communication and the time information corresponding to the CTS.
  • the user address list operation guidelines are as specified above, and are no longer here.
  • RTS-to-self is a special RTS, and the special RTS
  • the address of the RTS in this embodiment may be the AP's own address.
  • the AP sends data to STA1, STA2, and STA3 simultaneously using MU-MIMO.
  • the interval between each frame is less than the free competition time interval DIFS.
  • the process at the STA can be described as follows:
  • the STA receives the RTSA from the AP and reads the list of user addresses therein;
  • the STA that belongs to the user address list receives RTS-to-self because the address whose address is AP is different from the address of the user in the user address list. NAV is not set at this time, and the user address is used.
  • the time indication information in the list sequentially returns the CTS to the AP; the STA that does not belong to the user address list, after receiving the special RTS-to-self, sets the NAV;
  • the STA in the user address list receives the CTS whose RA value is the AP address, and does not set NAV. Specifically, after receiving the RTSA from the AP and reading the list of user addresses, the STA first determines whether the local address is in the user address list, and if not, determines the target address of the CTS after receiving the CTS. If it is not a local address, set the NAV; if yes, after receiving the CTS, continue to determine whether the destination address of the CTS is the address of the transmitting STA (in this embodiment, the sending STA is an AP), and if so, the NAV is not set; No, set NAV.
  • the implementation method may include two types. One is that the address of the AP is included in the user address list, and the STA knows that the RA value of the CTS is in the user address list, and the NAV is not set. The other is that the address of the AP is not included in the user address list. The STA knows that the RA value of the CTS is not in the user address list, but after determining that the RA value is the address of the AP, NAV is also not set.
  • the method provided in this embodiment can ensure that the data transmission of the MU-MIMO is effectively guaranteed, and the NAV value can be avoided.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention is smaller and more reliable than the existing mechanism, but the overhead is large; the second embodiment is smaller than the first embodiment, but the modification is large and the reliability is slightly poor.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving single user data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a state machine for receiving an RTS by the STA in the embodiment of FIG. 9.
  • the RTSA and the Dynamic/Static RTS are used in this embodiment.
  • the combination of /CTS can effectively save STA power.
  • Dynamic/Static RTS/CTS specifies that the RTS is transmitted on all frequency bands and the corresponding STA replies to the CTS on the idle channel; this means that the STA needs to listen to the RTS on all active channels.
  • the AP sends the RTSA only on the primary channel.
  • the STAs in the user address list can be included in the RTSA after receiving the RTSA.
  • the channel activation information triggering the user to activate at least one secondary channel for communication indicates all secondary channels activated (Secondary Channel), performs CCA detection and listens to the RTS, and may further include a bandwidth indication information in the RTSA. It is used to indicate that the number can be counted According to the bandwidth of the transmission, the bandwidth indication information is optional, and it is decided whether to carry according to the needs of the system. Define the AP to send data with the STA. The process is as follows:
  • the AP sends an RTSA, and its user address list contains STAs.
  • the AP sends an RTS to the STA on the channel that needs data transmission, and listens to the STA to reply to the CTS. 3.
  • the AP sends data to the STA on the channel that receives the CTS from the STA.
  • the AP receives the CTS returned by the STA on the channel on which the RTS is transmitted, and uses the channel that receives the CTS as the channel that transmits the MU-MIMO data to the STA. For example, the AP sends an RTS to the STA on channels 1, 2, 3, and 4, but because channel 3 and 4 conflicts cannot perform data transmission, then the STA returns CTS on idle channels 1 and 2, and AP will channel 1 And 2 serve as channels for transmitting MU-MIMO data to the STA.
  • the interval of each frame is less than the free competition time interval (DIFS).
  • the STA is in the state of listening only to the primary channel.
  • the process is as follows:
  • the STA When the STA receives the RTSA, it first determines whether its local address is in the user address list. If not, it only receives the RTS on the primary channel, and sets the NAV when it is determined that the destination address of the RTS is not the local address; Then, according to the channel activation information included in the RTSA, the activation AP indicates all secondary channels activated, for example, activates all channels.
  • the STA listens to all its channels and detects whether the channels are idle or busy;
  • the STA receives the RTS on all channels. If it is determined that the target address of the RTS is not the local address, the NAV is set; if it is determined that the target address of the RTS is the local address, the NAV is not set, and the RTS is idle and received. The CTS is replied to on the channel; subsequently, and the data transmitted by the AP is received on the channel that is idle and receives the RTS.
  • the RTSA is applied to the scenario in this embodiment, and the frequency domain channel on which the RTS is to be transmitted may be set for the STA correspondingly.
  • This embodiment facilitates the STA to save power when there is no data, and only retains the primary channel for necessary detection.
  • RTSA For free-competitive wireless communication systems, such as WiFi, MU-MIMO and large bandwidth data transmission methods are characterized. Usually, both the frequency domain channel and the space need to be considered in the communication process. Features. Therefore, when the RTSA works in the MU-MIMO case, it only needs to send the RTSA before all the RTS/CTS of the primary channel; all STAs that receive the RTSA activate their associated channels and perform CCA detection on the relevant channel. And listen to RTS.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a state machine in which the four STAs receive the RTS according to the present invention
  • the AP broadcasts an RTSA on the primary channel, which includes a list of user addresses for which the AP needs to use MU-MIMO communication;
  • the AP sends the RTS to the STA-1 on the channel that needs data transmission, and listens to the CTS from STA1 on these channels, and selects the channel that is the STA-1 communication according to the returned CTS;
  • the AP sends the RTS to the STA-N on the channel that needs data transmission, and listens to the CTS from the STA-N on these channels, and selects the channel that is the STA-N communication according to the returned CTS;
  • the AP sends data to STA-1 ⁇ STA-N simultaneously using MU-MIMO.
  • the interval between each transmitted frame and received frame is less than the free competing time interval DIFS.
  • the STA After receiving the RTSA, the STA first determines whether its local address is in the user address list. If not, it only receives the RTS on the primary channel, and sets the NAV when it is determined that the destination address of the RTS is not the local address; Then, the active AP indicates all secondary channels activated, for example, activates all channels. At this time, the RTSA may include bandwidth indication information.
  • the STA listens on all its own channels (including the primary channel and the activated secondary channel) and detects whether these channels are idle or busy;
  • the STA listens to the RTS on all channels (including the primary channel and the activated secondary channel). If it is determined that the destination address of the RTS is not the local address, the ANV is not set and the CTS is not returned; if it is determined that the RTS is known If the destination address is a local address, NAV is not set, and the CTS is replied to the secondary channel that is idle and receives the RTS; subsequently, and on the channel that is idle and replies to the CTS Receive data sent by the AP.
  • the CTS is replied to the channel; if the RA is not its own address but is in the user list, the CTS is not replied to the channel, and the NAV is not set; if the received RA is not in the user In the list, the CTS is not returned on the channel, and the NAV is set;
  • the STA listens on all its own channels. If it receives a CTS whose RA is an AP address, NAV is not set.
  • the STA After receiving the RTSA from the AP and reading the list of user addresses, the STA first determines whether the local address is in the user address list, and if not, determines that the target address of the CTS is not after receiving the CTS. If the local address is set, the NAV is set; if yes, all channels are activated, and detection is performed on all channels to detect whether the channels are idle or busy; receiving CTS on all channels, determining whether the target address of the CTS is the transmitting STA (in this embodiment The address of AP ), if yes, does not set NAV, and continues to receive CTS on all channels; if not, set NAV.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting and receiving MU-MIMO data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 14 is a schematic diagram of a STA receiving data/confirmation request state machine in the embodiment of FIG. 13
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a STA receiving an acknowledgement message state machine in the embodiment of FIG.
  • NAV resource reservation can be implemented by using Data/ACK between adjacent data blocks without changing the user group.
  • the MU-MIMO communication method still needs to change the protection mechanism. If the existing DATA/ACK mechanism is used in Figure 13, BA1 will set both STA2 and STA3 to NAV, but STA2 will receive the AP after BA1 and request STA2 to reply to BA. Request BAR2; STA2 needs to reset NAV if it wants to reply to BA.
  • the embodiment can use the relevant part of the first data block.
  • the AP has a Group ID in the VHT-SIG-A of the Preamble of the first data block, and its role is consistent with the RTSA user list. All STAs corresponding to the Group ID will not set the NAV in the ACK phase.
  • RTS/CTS can be implemented to increase the setting of NAV for related STAs. It is worth noting that for WiFi systems, both BAR and BA are required to be sent in the traditional format.
  • the so-called traditional format refers to the format defined by 802.11n and the previous specification (the Preamble only includes indication information such as L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG).
  • Another method is to directly let the RTSA set the rule validity of the STA list to the entire TXOP. For example, the RTSA includes valid duration information for identifying the user address list, and is associated with RTS/CTS and Data/. ACK is combined.
  • the STA of any BAR is received, and if it is determined that the BAR is known
  • the NAV is not set, and the BA is returned to the AP; and if it is determined that the RA of the learned BAR is included in the user list and is not the STA's own address, the RA is not set. NAV, and does not return BA to the AP.
  • the NAV is not set; and if it is determined that the RA of the learned BA is not included in the user list, If it is not the address of the AP, set the NAV.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention supplements and expands the RTSA as an RTS/CTS mechanism.
  • the STA does not set the processing mode of the NAV after the target address of the RTS or CTS is found in the user list according to the indication of the user list.
  • the AP sends MU-MIMO data for timely reply, which overcomes the problems of conflicting and difficult implementation of the prior art, and provides an effective protection mechanism for multi-user multiple input and multiple data transmission.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a data sending apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG.
  • the data sending apparatus 10 includes, for example, a first processing module 11, a second processing module 12, and a third processing module 13, wherein the first processing
  • the module 11 is configured to broadcast a transmission request notification RTSA, where the RTSA carries a user address list.
  • the second processing module 12 is configured to send a transmission request RTS to the communication peer, and receive the transmission sent by the communication peer in response to the RTS.
  • the request is to reply to the CTS;
  • the third processing module 13 is configured to send data to the communication peer.
  • the user address list is used to indicate whether a user who receives the RTSA sets a network allocation vector NAV after receiving the RTS or the CTS.
  • the data sending apparatus 10 firstly transmits a special MAC frame, that is, an RTSA, in a broadcast manner by the first processing module 11, and carries a user address list in the RTSA.
  • the user address list includes the user information of the target user of the at least one sent data, and the user information in the user address list may be the MAC address of the related STA, or may be the associated ID of the associated STA (Associated Identifier, associated identifier).
  • the address assigned by the AP can also be the Group ID (group identification number, the group number assigned by the AP).
  • the RTS is sent by the second processing module 12 to the opposite end.
  • the STA receiving the RTSA After receiving the RTS, the STA receiving the RTSA, if it is determined that the target address of the RTS is a local address, returns a corresponding CTS to the AP, and the CTS responds as an RTS. Similarly, after the AP sends the corresponding RTS to all communication peers that want to send data, each communication peer must return the corresponding CTS. Finally, data is transmitted to the communication peer through the third processing module 13, for example, MU-MIMO data is simultaneously transmitted to all communication peers.
  • the user address list is used to indicate whether the STA that receives the RTSA sets the NAV after receiving the RTS or the CTS, that is, the STA that receives the user address list receives the RTS or other STAs sent by the AP. After returning the CTS, it is necessary to judge whether or not to set the NAV based on the user address list.
  • the user address list is used to indicate that the target user who is not the RTS or CTS of the user who receives the RTSA and is not in the user address list, after receiving the RTS or CTS, follows the setting NAV operation criterion.
  • the operation of the user address list is accurate. It can be set in advance on each STA (including the AP as a special STA).
  • the STA can set the NAV according to the operation criteria of the user address list, if it belongs to the user who is not the RTS or CTS target user and is not in the user address list among the users who receive the RTSA. NAV is not set if it is a user who is not a target user of RTS or CTS but who is in the user address list among users who receive the RTSA.
  • the AP can send the MU-MIMO data in time to return to the BA, so that the AP knows that the MU-MIMO data is successfully received, and does not need to perform retransmission operations, etc., and protects the transmission of the MU-MIMO data.
  • the data transmitting apparatus adds a RTSA as a supplement and extension of the RTS/CTS mechanism. After receiving the RTS/CTS, the STA receiving the RTSA selects whether to set the NAV according to the indication of the user address list in the RTSA. Timely reply to the data sent by the data sender overcomes the problems of conflicting and difficult implementation of the prior art, and provides an effective protection mechanism for data transmission.
  • the first processing module 11 is further configured to send the RTSA, where the RTSA further carries time indication information for instructing the communication peer end to return the corresponding CTS after receiving the RTS;
  • the second processing module 12 is further configured to multicast an RTS to each communication peer.
  • the first processing module 11 is further configured to send an RTSA, where the RTSA is further used to trigger user activation in the user address list at least one time.
  • the channel is communicated.
  • the first processing module 11 is further configured to send an RTSA, where the RTSA further carries valid duration information for identifying the user address list to indicate the role.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a data receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the data receiving apparatus 20 includes a fourth processing module 21 and a fifth processing module 22, where the fourth processing module 21 is configured to receive a transmission request notification.
  • RTSA the RTSA carries a list of user addresses;
  • the processing module 22 is configured to receive a sending request RTS, if the target address of the RTS is a local address, send a sending request reply CTS to the RTS response, and continue to receive data; if the target address of the RTS is not a local address And the local address is not in the user address list, then the local network allocation vector NAV is set.
  • the data receiving device 20 receives the RTSA sent by the data sending device by using the fourth processing module 21, where the RTSA carries a user address list, and the user address list includes user information of the target user of the at least one sent data, where The user information in the user address list may be the MAC address of the related STA, the AID of the related STA (the address assigned by the AP), or the Group ID (the group number assigned by the AP).
  • the RTS sent by the data sending apparatus is received by the fifth processing module 22, and the data receiving apparatus may be the target user of the non-RTS or CTS among the users who are receiving the RTSA according to the operation criterion of the user address list, and are not in the user address list.
  • set the NAV is not set if it belongs to a user who is not the target user of RTS or CTS but who is in the user address list among the users who receive the RTSA.
  • the data receiving device knows that the target address of the RTS is a local address
  • the AP sends a CTS that responds to the RTS and waits to receive data that is subsequently sent by the AP. If the data receiving device knows that the target address of the RTS is not the local address and the local address is not in the user address list, then the device needs to perform the setting of the local NAV according to the operation criterion of the user address list. If the data receiving apparatus knows that the target address of the RTS is not the local address but is in the user address list, the NAV is not set in this case.
  • the AP can send the MU-MIMO data in time to return to the BA, so that the AP knows that the MU-MIMO data is successfully received, and does not need to perform retransmission operations, etc., and protects the transmission of the MU-MIMO data.
  • the data receiving module further includes a sixth processing module 23, configured to: after receiving the RTSA, activate at least one secondary channel for receiving the RTS, and return on a secondary channel that is idle and receives the RTS.
  • the CTS The sixth processing module 23, configured to: after receiving the RTSA, activate at least one secondary channel for receiving the RTS, and return on a secondary channel that is idle and receives the RTS.
  • the data receiving apparatus is based on the RTSA as a supplement to the RTS/CTS mechanism.
  • the STA that receives the RTSA selects whether to set the NAV according to the indication of the user address list in the RTSA, and can timely reply the data sent by the AP, thereby overcoming the conflicting and difficult implementation of the prior art.
  • Such issues provide an effective protection mechanism for data transmission.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of a network system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the network system 30 includes at least one data transmitting apparatus 10 and at least one data receiving apparatus 20.
  • the data transmitting device 10 and the data receiving device 20 included in the network system 30 of this embodiment may use the APs and STAs provided by the foregoing device embodiments.
  • the network system provided by the embodiment of the present invention provides an effective protection mechanism for multi-user multiple input and multiple data transmission, and the mechanism overcomes the conflicting and difficult implementation problems of the prior art; and can also be used for the frequency domain channel. Save on the power of the STA.

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Description

数据发送、 接收方法及装置和网络系统
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及无线通信技术领域， 尤其涉及一种数据发送、 接收方 法及装置和网络系统。 背景技术
多用户多入多出（Multiple Input Multiple Output , MU-MIMO)技术是下一 代无线通信系统中的关键技术。 通过 MU-MIMO可以充分利用空间资源， 相 对于传统的单用户 MIMO ( SU-MIMO ) 可以在空间维度上支持多用户， 在 支持多用户通信上新增加了空间这个维度。 MU-MIMO要求发射端天线数大 于或者等于多个接收端天线之和， 通过利用信道信息的预编码方式实现在空 间维度上的多用户通信， 换言之， 这也就是空分多址（SDMA ) 。
在基于竟争接入的系统中例如 WiFi, 用户在数据通信之前需要确保信道 的可用（未被占用），即所谓的保护机制。通常采用发送请求（Request to Send , RTS ) /发送请求的回复（Clear to Send , CTS )作为保护机制。 如果用户在 发送 RTS后没有收到 CTS, 表明数据发送冲突， 后面的数据不能发送； 如果 收到 CTS, 则后续的数据就会继续发送。 进一步的， 保护机制除了确保在数 据发送时信道本身的可用， 还需要确保数据在传输的过程中不会有相邻的用 户 （STA )发送数据， 造成干扰甚至是冲突。 以 RTS/CTS 为例， 某一 STA 发送 RTS给另一 STA的时候， 其他 STA都会收到该信号。 RTS的格式里设 置的发送对象在收到 RTS后不设置网络分配向量（NAV )并需要回复 CTS, 其他与 RTS/CTS设置的发送对象不吻合的 STA都会根据 RTS/CTS格式的时 长（ Duration )设置网络分配向量 ( Network Allocation Vector ,NAV ) 。 其他 STA在 NAV这段时长内不能发起任何的竟争信道的动作， 也不能发送任何 信号， 包括发送数据或者是回复请求。 这样就可以确保通信双方的 STA之间 正常的数据通信。 Data/ACK也扮演了同样的功能：某一 STA发送数据（ Data ) 给另一 STA的时候， 数据格式里设置的发送对象在收到数据后不设置 NAV 并在接收完后回复确认消息 （ACK或 Block ACK, BA )给发送 STA; 其他 STA都根据该数据或该确认消息的时长设置自己的 NAV。
对于 MU-MIMO环境， 现有技术有采用的处理方式为在发送 MU-MIMO 数据之前， 只给一个用户例如 STA1做一次 RTS/CTS。 但该处理方式中， 其 他的 STA例如 STA-2 ~ STA-N在收到 AP发给 STA-1的 RTS后， 按照规定 要设置 NAV, 因此会引起 STA-2 ~ STA-N在收到 AP发送的数据后无法回复 块应答（ Block ACK, BA ) 的缺陷。 另外一种处理方式为在发送 MU-MIMO 数据之前， 给每一个用户做一次 RTS/CTS。 但该处理方式中， 其他的 STA在 接收到不是发给自己的 RTS后， 按照规定要设置 NAV, 因此同样也会引起 在收到 AP发送的数据后无法回复 BA, 数据传输得不到保护的缺陷。 此时， 虽然可以通过重置 STA的 NAV值的方式解决， 但是重置 STA的 NAV值的 解决方式过于复杂、 不易实现。
另一方面，现有的无线通信系统越来越倾向于扩大数据传输所用的带宽。 以 WiFi系统为例， STA的带宽已经从 20MHz增长到 160MHz。 对于这种大 带宽的通信，需要保护每个子信道上的正常通信。一种有效的保护方法为 "动 态 /静态 RTS/CTS保护机制 " （ Dynamic/Static RTS/CTS ) , 定义为发送 STA 在所有打算发送的信道上发送 RTS, 接收 STA在接收到 RTS后在对应信道 中空闲的部分信道上回复 CTS。发送 STA因此获知此次通信中哪些信道是可 以有效通信的。 这种方法的缺陷是接收 STA随时都侦听其所有信道， 其功率 损耗不可忽视。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种数据发送、 接收方法及装置和网络系统。
本发明实施例提供一种数据发送方法， 包括： 广播发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表； 向通信对端发送发送请求 RTS,接收所述通信对端响应所述 RTS而发送 的发送请求回复 CTS;
向所述通信对端发送数据；
其中，所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户在接收到所述
RTS或所述 CTS后是否设置网络分配向量 NAV。
本发明实施例提供一种数据接收方法， 包括：
接收发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表； 接收发送请求 RTS,如果所述 RTS的目标地址为本地地址，则发送对所述 RTS响应的发送请求回复 CTS, 并继续接收数据； 如果所述 RTS的目标地址不 为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在所述用户地址列表中， 则设置本地的网络分 配向量 NAV。
本发明实施例提供一种数据发送装置， 包括：
第一处理模块， 用于广播发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用 户地址列表；
第二处理模块， 用于向通信对端发送发送请求 RTS, 接收所述通信对端 响应所述 RTS而发送的发送请求回复 CTS;
第三处理模块， 用于向所述通信对端发送数据；
其中， 所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户在接收到所 述 RTS或所述 CTS后是否设置网络分配向量 NAV。
本发明实施例提供一种数据接收装置， 包括：
第四处理模块， 用于接收发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用 户地址列表；
第五处理模块， 用于接收发送请求 RTS, 如果所述 RTS的目标地址为本 地地址， 则发送对所述 RTS响应的发送请求回复 CTS, 并继续接收数据； 如 果所述 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在所述用户地址列表 中， 则设置本地的网络分配向量 NAV。
本发明实施例提供一种网络系统， 包括本发明各实施例提供的、 至少一 个的数据发送装置和至少一个的数据接收装置。
本发明实施例提供的数据发送、 接收方法及装置和网络系统， 通过增加 — RTSA作为 RTS/CTS机制的补充和拓展， 接收到 RTSA的 STA在接收到 RTS/CTS后根据 RTSA中用户地址列表的指示选择是否设置 NAV,可以对数 据发送端发送的数据进行及时的回复， 克服了现有技术相互冲突和不易实现 等问题， 为数据传输提供了有效的保护机制。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在 不付出创造性劳动的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明实施例数据发送方法流程图；
图 2为本发明实施例数据接收方法流程图；
图 3为本发明实施例一 MU-MIMO数据的发送和接收方法示意图； 图 4为图 3实施例中 STA接收 RTS的状态机示意图；
图 5为图 3实施例中 STA接收 CTS的状态机示意图；
图 6为本发明实施例二 MU-MIMO数据的发送和接收方法示意图； 图 7为图 6实施例中 STA接收 RTS的状态机示意图；
图 8为图 6实施例中 STA接收 CTS的状态机示意图；
图 9为本发明实施例三单用户数据的发送和接收方法示意图；
图 10为图 9实施例中 STA接收 RTS的状态机示意图；
图 11为本发明实施四 STA接收 RTS的状态机示意图；
图 12为本发明实施四中 STA接收 CTS的状态机示意图； 图 13为本发明实施例四 MU-MIMO数据的发送和接收方法示意图； 图 14为图 13实施例中 STA接收数据 /确认请求状态机示意图； 图 15为图 13实施例中 STA接收确认消息状态机示意图；
图 16为本发明实施例数据发送装置结构示意图；
图 17为本发明实施例数据接收装置结构示意图；
图 18为本发明实施例网络系统组成示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
针对现有技术中 MU-MIMO数据的传输得不到有效保护等缺陷， 提供一 种解决方式即在发送 RTS之前， 数据发送端 （本发明实施例以 AP为例进行 说明， AP为一种特殊的数据发送 STA ) , 向对端发送一种 MAC帧， 该 MAC 帧类型可以声明数据传输过程中 NAV 的设定机制。 本发明各实施例将该 MAC帧命名为发送请求通告（ RTS Announcement; 以下简称： RTSA ) 。 其 发送方式为广播方式， 并设置在 RTS之前。 RTSA作为 RTS/CTS机制的补充 和拓展 , 可以有效地保护 MU-MIMO以及 SU-MIMO的数据传输。
图 1为本发明实施例数据发送方法流程图， 如图 1所示， 该方法包括： 步骤 100, 广播 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表；
数据发送端例如 AP向对端发送数据之前， 要通过 RTS/CTS对 AP与各 对端 STA之间的信道是否可用进行检测。 通常， STA在接收到目的地址不是 自己的 RTS后， 按照现有规定进行 NAV的设置， 从而导致后续无法对 AP 下发的 BAR进行回复， 从而导致数据传输得不到有效保护。 针对这个问题， 本实施例中在 AP发送首个 RTS之前，先以广播的形式发送一个特殊的 MAC 帧即 RTSA, 并且在该 RTSA中携带有一用户地址列表， 该用户地址列表中 包括至少一个所发送的数据的目标用户的用户信息， 该用户地址列表中的用 户信息可以是相关 STA的 MAC地址，也可以是相关 STA的 AID( Associated Identifier, 关联标识号,由 AP分配的地址） ， 也可以是 Group ID (组标识号, 由 AP分配的组编号 ) 。
本发明实施例中相邻的帧之间的间隔小于自由竟争时间 （DIFS ) 。 紧跟 在 RTSA之后应当给用户地址列表中的 STA发送 RTS，在小于自由竟争时间 的间隔为收对应 RTS的 CTS; 此后在小于自由竟争时间的间隔后给第二个接 收 STA发送 RTS ... ...按此规则， 给用户地址中的 STA逐个发送 RTS。
步骤 101 , 向通信对端发送发送请求 RTS, 接收所述通信对端响应所述 RTS而发送的发送请求回复 CTS;
AP广播发送 RTSA后， 向通信对端发送 RTS。 接收到 RTSA的 STA接 收到该 RTS后， 若判断获知该 RTS的目标地址为本地地址， 向 AP返回对应 的 CTS, 该 CTS是作为 RTS的响应。 依次类推， AP向所要发送数据的所有 通信对端发送对应的 RTS后， 各通信对端均要返回对应的 CTS。
步骤 102, 向所述通信对端发送数据。
AP接收到所有通信对端返回的 CTS后， 便可向通信对端发送数据， 例 如同时向所有通信对端发送 MU-MIMO数据。
本实施例中，所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的 STA在接 收到 RTS或 CTS后是否设置 NAV, 即接收到该用户地址列表的 STA在接收 到 AP发送的 RTS或者其他 STA返回的 CTS后， 要根据该用户地址列表判 断自己是否要设置 NAV。 具体地， 该用户地址列表用于指示接收到 RTSA的 用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、且不在该用户地址列表中的用户，在接收 到 RTS或 CTS后， 要遵循设置 NAV操作准则。 当然用户地址列表的操作准 则可以预先在各 STA (包括作为特殊的 STA的 AP )上设置好。 由于 STA可以根据用户地址列表的操作准则， 在自己属于接收到 RTSA 的用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、且不在该用户地址列表中的用户的情况 下， 设置 NAV。 在自己属于接收到 RTSA的用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用 户、 但却在该用户地址列表中的用户的情况下， 不设置 NAV。 这样就可以对 AP发送 MU-MIMO数据进行及时的回复即返回 BA,从而 AP得知 MU-MIMO 数据均被成功接收， 不必进行重传等操作， 对 MU-MIMO数据的传输起到了 保护作用。
本发明实施例提供的数据发送方法，通过增加一 RTSA作为 RTS/CTS机 制的补充和拓展， 接收到 RTSA的 STA在接收到 RTS/CTS后根据 RTSA中 用户地址列表的指示选择是否设置 NAV, 可以对数据发送端发送的数据进行 及时的回复， 克服了现有技术相互冲突和不易实现等问题， 为数据传输提供 了有效的保护机制。
图 2为本发明实施例数据接收方法流程图， 如图 2所示， 该方法包括： 步骤 200,接收发送请求通告 RTSA,所述 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表； 步骤 201 , 接收发送请求 RTS, 如果所述 RTS的目标地址为本地地址， 则发送对所述 RTS 响应的发送请求回复 CTS, 并继续接收数据； 如果所述 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在所述用户地址列表中， 则 设置本地的网络分配向量 NAV。
基于上述实施例， AP向通信对端发送 RTSA和 RTS后， STA依次接收 RTSA和 RTS。 该 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表， 该用户地址列表中包括至 少一个所发送的数据的目标用户的用户信息， 该用户地址列表中的用户信息 可以是相关 STA的 MAC地址，也可以是相关 STA的 AID( AP分配的地址；)， 也可以是 Group ID (由 AP分配的组编号） 。 而且本发明实施例中相邻的帧 之间的间隔小于 DIFS。
本发明实施例中预先在各 STA (包括作为特殊的 STA的 AP ) 中设置好 用户地址列表的操作准则， STA可以根据用户地址列表的操作准则， 在自己 属于接收到 RTSA的用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、 且不在该用户地址 列表中的用户的情况下， 设置 NAV。 在自己属于接收到 RTSA 的用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、 但却在该用户地址列表中的用户的情况下， 不设置 NAV。
具体地， 接收到 RTS的 STA若获知所述 RTS的目标地址为本地地址， 则向 AP发送对该 RTS响应的 CTS, 并等待接收 AP后续发送的数据。 接收 到 RTS的 STA若获知该 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在 用户地址列表中， 则此时该 STA要根据用户地址列表的操作准则执行设置本 地的 NAV。 接收到 RTS的 STA若获知所述 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 但自己却在该用户地址列表中， 则此情况下不设置 NAV。 这样就可以对 AP 发送 MU-MIMO数据进行及时的回复即返回 BA, 从而 AP得知 MU-MIMO 数据均被成功接收， 不必进行重传等操作， 对 MU-MIMO数据的传输起到了 保护作用。
本发明实施例提供的数据接收方法，基于 RTSA作为 RTS/CTS机制的补 充和拓展， 接收到 RTSA的 STA在接收到 RTS/CTS后根据 RTSA中用户地 址列表的指示选择是否设置 NAV, 可以对 AP发送的数据进行及时的回复， 克服了现有技术相互冲突和不易实现等问题， 为数据传输提供了有效的保护 机制。
以下结合实例对用户列表的使用进行详细的解释。
图 3为本发明实施例一 MU-MIMO数据的发送和接收方法示意图， 图 4 为图 3实施例中 STA接收 RTS的状态机示意图， 图 5为图 3实施例中 STA 接收 CTS的状态机示意图，对于 MU-MIMO的情况，本实施例将 RTSA与传 统的 RTS/CTS相结合， RTSA与 RTS/CTS结合用于保护三 STA的 MU-MIMO 数据传输流程，本实施例中 AP分别向多个目标用户发送对应的 RTS，如图 3、 图 4和图 5所示：
AP端的流程可以描述如下： LAP广播 RTSA,其中包含 AP需要用 MU-MIMO通信的用户地址列表； 该用户地址列表操作准则如上述的规定， 此处不再赘述。
2. AP给 STA1发送 RTS, STA1发现该 RTS的 RA与自己的本地地址吻 合， 则回复 CTS;
AP发送 RTS给 STA1 , 在接收到 STA1响应 RTS而发送的 CTS后或在 预定时间段内没有接收到 CTS, 则向另一通信对端例如 STA2发送 RTS
3.同理， AP分别给 STA2 和 STA3发送 RTS, STA2 和 STA3发现 RTS 的 RA与自己的本地地址吻合， 则回复 CTS；
4. AP用 MU-MIMO的方式给 STA1、 STA2 和 STA3同时发送数据。 5.以上， 每帧的间隔都小于自由竟争时间间隔 DIFS。
STA端的流程可以描述如下：
1 · STA接收到来自 AP的 RTSA, 读取其中的用户地址列表；
2.STA首先判断自己的本地地址是否在用户地址列表中， 若在用户地址 列表中， 则在接收目标地址在该用户地址列表中的 RTS后， 继续判断该 RTS 的目标地址是都为本地地址， 若是， 则不设置 NAV、 回复 CTS; 若不是， 则 不设置 ANV, 不回复 CTS。 若自己的本地地址不在用户地址列表中， 则在接 收目标地址在该用户地址列表中的 RTS后，判断获知该 RTS的目标地址不是 本地地址， 则设置 NAV, 不回复 CTS。
3.在用户地址列表中的 STA收到 RA值为 AP地址的 CTS,不设置 NAV。 具体地， STA接收到来自 AP的 RTSA并读取其中的用户地址列表后， 首先判断自己的本地地址是否在用户地址列表中， 若不在， 则在接收到 CTS 后若判断获知该 CTS的目标地址不是本地地址， 则设置 NAV; 若在， 则在 接收到 CTS后， 继续判断该 CTS的目标地址是否为发送 STA (本实施例中 发送 STA为 AP ) 的地址， 若是， 则不设置 NAV; 若不是， 则设置 NAV。
此处实现方法可以包括两种， 一种是 AP的地址包括在用户地址列表中，
STA获知 CTS的 RA值在用户地址列表中， 则不设置 NAV。 另一种是 AP的 地址不包括在用户地址列表中， STA获知 CTS的 RA值不在用户地址列表中， 但经过判断该 RA值为 AP的地址， 则同样也不设置 NAV。
本实施例提供的方法既可以保证 MU-MIMO的数据传输得到有效保证， 也可以避免重置 NAV值。
图 6为本发明实施例二 MU-MIMO数据的发送和接收方法示意图， 图 7 为图 6实施例中 STA接收 RTS的状态机示意图， 图 8为图 6实施例中 STA 接收 CTS的状态机示意图， 对于 MU-MIMO的情况， 本实施例将 RTSA与 RTS/CTS以组播的形式结合， 用于保护三 STA的 MU-MIMO数据传输流程， 如图 6、 图 7和图 8所示， 对于本实施例， RTSA还要包括每个 STA需要等 待的时间即 STA返回对应的 CTS的时间信息。
AP端的流程可以描述如下：
1. AP广播 RTSA, 其中 AP需要用 MU-MIMO通信的用户地址列表和对 应回复 CTS的时间信息。 该用户地址列表操作准则如上述的规定， 此处不再
2. AP 向 STA1、 STA2 和 STA3 组播地址为自己的 RTS-to-self; 将 RTS-to-self定义为一种特殊的 RTS:该 RTS的 RA地址为发送 STA自己的地 址， 即 1^值=丁 值的 RTS。 RTS-to-self为一特殊的 RTS, 且该特殊的 RTS
Figure imgf000012_0001
, 例如本实施例中该 RTS 的地址可以为 AP自己的地址。
3. STA1、 STA2 和 STA3在 RTSA制定的时间回复 CTS;
4. AP用 MU-MIMO的方式给 STA1、 STA2 和 STA3同时发送数据。
5. 以上， 每帧的间隔都小于自由竟争时间间隔 DIFS。
STA端的流程可以描述如下：
1. STA收到来自 AP的 RTSA, 读取其中的用户地址列表；
2. 属于用户地址列表中的 STA收到 RTS-to-self, 因其地址为 AP的地址 与用户地址列表中用户的地址均不相同， 此时不设置 NAV, 并按照用户地址 列表中时间指示信息顺序回复 CTS给 AP; 不属于用户地址列表中的 STA, 在接收到特殊的 RTS-to-self后， 设置 NAV;
3. 在用户地址列表中的 STA收到 RA值为 AP地址的 CTS ,不设置 NAV。 具体地， STA接收到来自 AP的 RTSA并读取其中的用户地址列表后， 首先判断自己的本地地址是否在用户地址列表中， 若不在， 则在接收到 CTS 后若判断获知该 CTS的目标地址不是本地地址， 则设置 NAV; 若在， 则在 接收到 CTS后， 继续判断该 CTS的目标地址是否为发送 STA (本实施例中 发送 STA为 AP ) 的地址， 若是， 则不设置 NAV; 若不是， 则设置 NAV。
此处实现方法可以包括两种， 一种是 AP的地址包括在用户地址列表中， STA获知 CTS的 RA值在用户地址列表中， 则不设置 NAV。 另一种是 AP的 地址不包括在用户地址列表中， STA获知 CTS的 RA值不在用户地址列表中， 但经过判断该 RA值为 AP的地址， 则同样也不设置 NAV。
本实施例提供的方法既可以保证 MU-MIMO的数据传输得到有效保证， 也可以避免重置 NAV值。相对而言 ,本发明实施例一相对于现有机制改动更 小， 更可靠， 但开销较大； 实施例二相对于实施例一开销更小， 但改动较大， 可靠性略差。
图 9为本发明实施例三单用户数据的发送和接收方法示意图，图 10为图 9实施例中 STA接收 RTS的状态机示意图， 对于单用户的情况， 本实施例将 RTSA 与 Dynamic/Static RTS/CTS 相结合， 可以有效的节省 STA 功率。 Dynamic/Static RTS/CTS规定： RTS在所有的频带上发送， 对应的 STA在空 闲信道上回复 CTS; 这意味 STA需要在所有的有效信道上侦听 RTS。 由于在 RTS/CTS之前增加了 RTSA, 如图 9和图 10所示， AP只在主信道 ( Primary Channel )上发送 RTSA, 则用户地址列表中的 STA在收到 RTSA后， 可以按 照 RTSA中包括的触发所述用户激活至少一个次级信道进行通信的信道激活 信息， 激活 AP指示激活的所有次级信道（Secondary Channel ) , 做 CCA检 测并侦听 RTS,在 RTSA中还可以包括一带宽指示信息其用于指示可以进行数 据传输的带宽， 带宽指示信息为可选,根据系统需要决定是否携带。 定义 AP将与 STA发送数据， 其流程如下：
1. AP发送 RTSA, 其用户地址列表中包含 STA;
2. AP在需要数据传输的信道上给 STA发送 RTS,并侦听 STA回复 CTS; 3.AP在收到 STA发送 CTS的信道上给 STA发送数据；
具体地， AP在发送 RTS的信道上接收 STA返回的 CTS, 并将接收到 CTS的信道作为向 STA发送 MU-MIMO数据的信道。例如， AP在信道 1、 2、 3和 4上给 STA发送 RTS, 但由于信道 3和 4冲突无法进行数据传输， 则此 时 STA在空闲的信道 1和 2上返回 CTS, AP则将信道 1和 2作为向 STA发 送 MU-MIMO数据的信道。
4.以上， 每帧的间隔都小于自由竟争时间间隔（DIFS ) 。
STA处于仅侦听主信道的状态， 其流程如下：
1.STA收到 RTSA,首先判断自己的本地地址是否在用户地址列表中，若 不在， 则仅在主信道上接收 RTS, 并在判断获知 RTS的目标地址不是本地地 址时， 设置 NAV; 若在， 则按照 RTSA中包括的信道激活信息， 激活 AP指 示激活的所有次级信道， 例如激活所有信道。
2.STA侦听其所有信道， 检测这些信道是空闲还是忙；
3.STA在所有信道上接收 RTS, 若判断获知该 RTS的目标地址不是本地 地址， 则设置 NAV; 若判断获知该 RTS的目标地址是本地地址， 则不设置 NAV , 并在空闲且接收到 RTS的信道上回复 CTS； 后续， 并在空闲且接收到 RTS的信道上接收 AP发送的数据。
RTSA应用到本实施例的场景中， 可以为 STA对应的设置后续将要传输 RTS的频域信道。 本实施例有利于 STA在没有数据的时候节省功率， 仅保留 主信道用于必要的检测。
对于自由竟争的无线通信系统， 比如 WiFi, MU-MIMO和大带宽的数据 传输方式是其特点。 通常通信的过程中既需要利用频域信道又需要考虑空间 特性。 因此当 RTSA工作在 MU-MIMO的情况时， 仅需要在主信道（ Primary Channel )所有的 RTS/CTS之前发送 RTSA; 所有收到 RTSA的 STA都激活 其相关信道， 并在相关信道上做 CCA检测并侦听 RTS。
结合上述实施例一、 二和三， 本实施例可以把 MU-MIMO传输方式下工 作的 AP和 STA整个框架流程描绘出来，图 11为本发明实施四 STA接收 RTS 的状态机示意图， 图 12为本发明实施四中 STA接收 CTS的状态机示意图。
AP工作流程：
1. AP在主信道上广播 RTSA, 其中包含 AP需要用 MU-MIMO通信的用 户地址列表；
2. AP给 STA-1在需要数据传输的信道上发送 RTS, 并在这些信道上侦 听来自 STA1的 CTS, 根据返回的 CTS选择为 STA-1通信的信道；
3. 同理， AP给 STA-N在需要数据传输的信道上发送 RTS, 并在这些信 道上侦听来自 STA-N的 CTS, 根据返回的 CTS选择为 STA-N通信的信道；
4. AP用 MU-MIMO的方式给 STA-1 ~ STA-N同时发送数据。
5. 以上， 每个发送帧和接收帧的间隔都小于自由竟争时间间隔 DIFS。
STA工作流程：
1. STA收到 RTSA, 首先判断自己的本地地址是否在用户地址列表中， 若不在， 则仅在主信道上接收 RTS, 并在判断获知 RTS的目标地址不是本地 地址时， 设置 NAV; 若在， 则， 激活 AP指示激活的所有次级信道， 例如激 活所有信道。 此时， 所述 RTSA中可以包括带宽指示信息。
2. STA在自己所有信道（包括主信道和激活的次级信道）上侦听， 检测 这些信道是空闲还是繁忙；
3. STA在所有信道（包括主信道和激活的次级信道）上侦听 RTS, 若判 断获知该 RTS的目标地址不是本地地址， 则不设置 ANV、 并且不回复 CTS; 若判断获知该 RTS的目标地址是本地地址， 则不设置 NAV, 并在空闲且接 收到 RTS的次级信道上回复 CTS; 后续， 并在空闲且回复了 CTS的信道上 接收 AP发送的数据。
如果收到 RA为自己地址的 RTS,就在该信道上回复 CTS;如果收到 RA 不是自己的地址但在用户列表中， 不在该信道回复 CTS、 且不设置 NAV; 如 果收到的 RA不在用户列表中， 不在该信道回复 CTS、 且设置 NAV;
4. STA在自己所有信道上侦听， 如果收到 RA为 AP地址的 CTS, 不设 置 NAV。
具体地， STA接收到来自 AP的 RTSA并读取其中的用户地址列表后， 首先判断自己的本地地址是否在用户地址列表中， 若不在， 则在接收到 CTS 后判断获知该 CTS的目标地址不是本地地址， 则设置 NAV; 若在， 则激活 所有信道， 在所有信道上检测检测这些信道是空闲还是繁忙； 在所有信道上 接收 CTS, 判断 CTS的目标地址是否为发送 STA (本实施例中为 AP ) 的地 址， 若是， 则不设置 NAV, 且继续在所有信道上接收 CTS; 若不是， 则设置 NAV。
基于本发明上述实施例的流程， 可以将其扩展应用至 MU-MIMO TXOP 发送多个数据块的数据保护。 其主要特征是 TXOP支持多个数据包的连续发 送； 数据包之间不需要竟争资源。 在 TXOP发送过程中， 当前的数据块需要 为紧接的数据块设置 NAV,即前一个数据块为后一个数据块设置 NAV保护。 如图 13所示， 图 13为本发明实施例四 MU-MIMO数据的发送和接收方法示 意图。 图 14为图 13实施例中 STA接收数据 /确认请求状态机示意图， 图 15 为图 13实施例中 STA接收确认消息状态机示意图。
与 RTS/CTS类似， 在用户组不变的前提下， 在相邻的数据块间可以利用 Data/ACK实现 NAV资源预留。但 MU-MIMO的通信方式仍然需要保护机制 的改变，图 13中如果按照现有的 DATA/ACK机制， BA1会使 STA2和 STA3 都设置 NAV ,但 STA2会在 BA1后收到 AP要求 STA2回复 BA的请求 BAR2； 如果要回复 BA, STA2需要重置 NAV。
对于图 13中的第二个数据块，本实施例可以用第一个数据块的相关部分 来保护。 首先， AP在第一个数据块的 Preamble的 VHT-SIG-A里具有 Group ID, 其作用与 RTSA的用户列表一致， 所有对应于该 Group ID的 STA会在 ACK阶段也不设置 NAV; 其次，通过 BAR和 BA可以实现 RTS/CTS给相关 STA都增加设置 NAV的作用。 值得注意的是， 对于 WiFi系统， 需要 BAR 和 BA都采用传统格式发送。所谓的传统格式是指 802.11η以及之前的规范所 定义的格式（Preamble中只包含 L-STF、 L-LTF和 L-SIG等指示信息） 。 另 一种方法则是直接让 RTSA将 STA列表的规则有效性设置到整个 TXOP, 例 如在 RTSA中包括用于标识所述用户地址列表起指示作用的有效时长信息， 并与 RTS/CTS和 Data/ACK相结合。
本实施例对于 STA而言，接收到任一 BAR的 STA,若判断获知 BAR的
RA包括在用户列表中， 且为 STA自己的地址， 则不设置 NAV, 并向 AP返 回 BA; 以及， 若判断获知 BAR的 RA包括在用户列表中， 且不为 STA自己 的地址， 则不设置 NAV, 并且不向 AP返回 BA。
接收到任一 BA的 STA, 若判断获知 BA的 RA虽然不包括在用户列表 中， 但为 AP的地址， 则不设置 NAV; 以及， 若判断获知 BA的 RA既不包 括在用户列表中， 也不为 AP的地址， 则设置 NAV。
本发明实施例提供的方法， 将 RTSA作为 RTS/CTS机制的补充和拓展， STA根据用户列表的指示在发现 RTS或 CTS的目标地址包括在该用户列表 中后不设置 NAV的处理方式， 可以对 AP发送 MU-MIMO数据进行及时的 回复， 克服了现有技术相互冲突和不易实现等问题， 为多用户多入多出的数 据传输提供了有效的保护机制。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤 可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读 取存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述 的存储介质包括： ROM、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介 质。 图 16为本发明实施例数据发送装置结构示意图， 如图 16所示， 该数据 发送装置 10例如 AP包括第一处理模块 11、 第二处理模块 12和第三处理模 块 13 , 其中， 第一处理模块 11用于广播发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中 携带有用户地址列表； 第二处理模块 12用于向通信对端发送发送请求 RTS, 接收所述通信对端响应所述 RTS而发送的发送请求回复 CTS; 第三处理模块 13用于向所述通信对端发送数据。 其中， 所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到 所述 RTSA的用户在接收到所述 RTS或所述 CTS后是否设置网络分配向量 NAV。
具体地， 本实施例提供的数据发送装置 10为了有效保护传输的数据， 首 先通过第一处理模块 11以广播的形式发送一个特殊的 MAC帧即 RTSA, 并 且在该 RTSA中携带有一用户地址列表， 该用户地址列表中包括至少一个所 发送的数据的目标用户的用户信息， 该用户地址列表中的用户信息可以是相 关 STA的 MAC地址，也可以是相关 STA的 AID ( Associated Identifier, 关联 标识号，由 AP分配的地址 ) , 也可以是 Group ID (组标识号,由 AP分配的组 编号 ) 。 然后， 通过第二处理模块 12通信对端发送 RTS。 接收到 RTSA的 STA接收到该 RTS后， 若判断获知该 RTS的目标地址为本地地址， 向 AP返 回对应的 CTS, 该 CTS是作为 RTS的响应。 依次类推， AP向所要发送数据 的所有通信对端发送对应的 RTS后，各通信对端均要返回对应的 CTS。最后， 通过第三处理模块 13 向通信对端发送数据， 例如同时向所有通信对端发送 MU-MIMO数据。
本实施例中，所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的 STA在接 收到 RTS或 CTS后是否设置 NAV, 即接收到该用户地址列表的 STA在接收 到 AP发送的 RTS或者其他 STA返回的 CTS后， 要根据该用户地址列表判 断自己是否要设置 NAV。 具体地， 该用户地址列表用于指示接收到 RTSA的 用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、且不在该用户地址列表中的用户，在接收 到 RTS或 CTS后， 要遵循设置 NAV操作准则。 当然用户地址列表的操作准 则可以预先在各 STA (包括作为特殊的 STA的 AP )上设置好。
由于 STA可以根据用户地址列表的操作准则， 在自己属于接收到 RTSA 的用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、且不在该用户地址列表中的用户的情况 下， 设置 NAV。 在自己属于接收到 RTSA的用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用 户、 但却在该用户地址列表中的用户的情况下， 不设置 NAV。 这样就可以对 AP发送 MU-MIMO数据进行及时的回复即返回 BA,从而 AP得知 MU-MIMO 数据均被成功接收， 不必进行重传等操作， 对 MU-MIMO数据的传输起到了 保护作用。
本发明实施例提供的数据发送装置，通过增加一 RTSA作为 RTS/CTS机 制的补充和拓展， 接收到 RTSA的 STA在接收到 RTS/CTS后根据 RTSA中 用户地址列表的指示选择是否设置 NAV, 可以对数据发送端发送的数据进行 及时的回复， 克服了现有技术相互冲突和不易实现等问题， 为数据传输提供 了有效的保护机制。
进一步地， 第一处理模块 11还用于发送所述 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中还携 带有用于指示所述通信对端在接收到所述 RTS后，返回对应的 CTS的时间指 示信息； 对应地， 第二处理模块 12还用于向各通信对端组播一 RTS, 所述 再有， 第一处理模块 11还用于发送 RTSA, 该 RTSA还用于触发用户地 址列表中的用户激活至少一个次级信道进行通信。 以及， 第一处理模块 11还 用于发送 RTSA, 该 RTSA中还携带有用于标识所述用户地址列表起指示作 用的有效时长信息。
本实施例提供的数据发送装置的具体功能， 可以参见上述各方法实施例 中的处理流程， 此处不再赘述。
图 17为本发明实施例数据接收装置结构示意图， 如图 17所示， 该数据 接收装置 20包括第四处理模块 21和第五处理模块 22, 其中， 第四处理模块 21用于接收发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表； 第五 处理模块 22用于接收发送请求 RTS,如果所述 RTS的目标地址为本地地址， 则发送对所述 RTS 响应的发送请求回复 CTS, 并继续接收数据； 如果所述 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在所述用户地址列表中， 则 设置本地的网络分配向量 NAV。
具体地， 数据接收装置 20通过第四处理模块 21接收数据发送装置发送 的 RTSA, 该 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表， 该用户地址列表中包括至少一 个所发送的数据的目标用户的用户信息， 该用户地址列表中的用户信息可以 是相关 STA的 MAC地址， 也可以是相关 STA的 AID ( AP分配的地址 ) , 也可以是 Group ID (由 AP分配的组编号 )。 然后通过第五处理模块 22接收 数据发送装置发送的 RTS,数据接收装置可以根据用户地址列表的操作准则， 在自己属于接收到 RTSA的用户中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、 且不在该用 户地址列表中的用户的情况下， 设置 NAV。 在自己属于接收到 RTSA的用户 中非 RTS或 CTS的目标用户、但却在该用户地址列表中的用户的情况下， 不 设置 NAV。
具体地， 数据接收装置若获知所述 RTS 的目标地址为本地地址， 则向
AP发送对该 RTS响应的 CTS, 并等待接收 AP后续发送的数据。 数据接收 装置若获知该 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在用户地址列 表中， 则此时该装置要根据用户地址列表的操作准则执行设置本地的 NAV。 数据接收装置若获知所述 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 但自己却在该用户 地址列表中， 则此情况下不设置 NAV。 这样就可以对 AP发送 MU-MIMO数 据进行及时的回复即返回 BA, 从而 AP得知 MU-MIMO数据均被成功接收， 不必进行重传等操作， 对 MU-MIMO数据的传输起到了保护作用。
进一步地， 该数据接收模块还包括第六处理模块 23 用于在接收到所述 RTSA后，激活至少一个次级信道用于接收所述 RTS,并在空闲并且收到 RTS 的次级信道上返回所述 CTS。
本发明实施例提供的数据接收装置，基于 RTSA作为 RTS/CTS机制的补 充和拓展， 接收到 RTSA的 STA在接收到 RTS/CTS后根据 RTSA中用户地 址列表的指示选择是否设置 NAV, 可以对 AP发送的数据进行及时的回复， 克服了现有技术相互冲突和不易实现等问题， 为数据传输提供了有效的保护 机制。
本实施例提供的数据接收装置的具体功能， 可以参见上述各方法实施例 中的处理流程， 此处不再赘述。
图 18为本发明实施例网络系统组成示意图， 如图 18所示， 该网络系统 30包括至少一个的数据发送装置 10和至少一个的数据接收装置 20。 本实施 例网络系统 30中所包括的数据发送装置 10和数据接收装置 20可以采用上述 各装置实施例所提供的 AP和 STA, 其结构和功能可以参见上述各方法和装 置实施例， 此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的网络系统， 为多用户多入多出的数据传输提供了有 效的保护机制， 该机制克服了现有技术的相互冲突和不易实现的问题； 而且 也可以用于频域信道上节省 STA的功率之用。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
广播发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表； 向通信对端发送发送请求 RTS,接收所述通信对端响应所述 RTS而发送 的发送请求回复 CTS;
向所述通信对端发送数据；
其中， 所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户在接收到所 述 RTS或所述 CTS后是否设置网络分配向量 NAV。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 所述用户地址列
Group ID。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 所述用户地 址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户在接收到所述 RTS或所述 CTS后 是否设置网络分配向量 NAV包括：
所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户中非所述 RTS的目 标用户、 且不在该用户地址列表中的用户， 在接收到所述 RTS或所述 CTS 后， 设置 NAV。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 所述向通信 对端发送发送请求 RTS,接收所述通信对端响应所述 RTS而发送的发送请求 回复 CTS包括：
发送所述 RTS,在接收到所述通信对端响应所述 RTS而发送的所述 CTS 后或在预定时间段内没有接收到所述 CTS, 则向另一通信对端发送 RTS。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 所述 RTSA 中还携带有用于指示所述通信对端在接收到所述 RTS后， 返回对应的 CTS 的时间指示信息；
对应地， 所述向通信对端发送发送请求 RTS, 接收所述通信对端响应所 述 RTS而发送的发送请求回复 CTS包括：
向各通信对端组播一 RTS, 所述 RTS的目标地址与所述用户地址列表中 用户的地址均不相同；
分别接收各通信对端根据所述时间指示信息对所述 RTS响应而发送的所 述 CTS。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 所述 RTSA 还用于触发所述用户地址列表中的用户激活至少一个次级信道进行通信。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 所述 RTSA中包 括带宽指示信息,其用于指示可以进行数据传输的带宽。
8、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数据发送方法， 其特征在于， 所述 RTSA 中还包括： 用于标识所述用户地址列表起指示作用的有效时长信息。
9、 一种数据接收方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用户地址列表； 接收发送请求 RTS, 如果所述 RTS的目标地址为本地地址， 则发送对所 述 RTS响应的发送请求回复 CTS, 并继续接收数据； 如果所述 RTS的目标 地址不为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在所述用户地址列表中， 则设置本地的 网络分配向量 NAV。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的数据接收方法， 其特征在于， 所述用户地址 Group ID。
11、根据权利要求 9或 10所述的数据接收方法，其特征在于，所述 RTSA 中还携带有用于指示各通信对端在接收到所述 RTS后，返回对应的 CTS的时 间指示信息；
对应地， 所述发送对所述 RTS的响应发送请求回复 CTS包括： 根据所述时间指示信息响应所述 RTS返回对应的所述 CTS , 其中所述
RTS
12、根据权利要求 9或 10所述的数据接收方法，其特征在于，所述 RTSA 还用于触发所述用户地址列表中的用户激活至少一个次级信道进行通信； 对 应地， 所述发送对所述 RTS的响应发送请求回复 CTS包括：
激活至少一个次级信道用于接收所述 RTS, 并在空闲并且收到 RTS的次 级信道上返回所述 CTS 。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的数据接收方法， 其特征在于， 所述 RTSA中 包括带宽指示信息， 其用于指示可以进行数据传输的带宽。
14、根据权利要求 9或 10所述的数据接收方法，其特征在于，所述 RTSA 中还包括用于标识所述用户地址列表起指示作用的有效时长信息。
15、 一种数据发送装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
第一处理模块， 用于广播发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用 户地址列表；
第二处理模块， 用于向通信对端发送发送请求 RTS, 接收所述通信对端 响应所述 RTS而发送的发送请求回复 CTS;
第三处理模块， 用于向所述通信对端发送数据；
其中， 所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户在接收到所 述 RTS或所述 CTS后是否设置网络分配向量 NAV。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的数据发送装置， 其特征在于， 所述用户地址 Group ID。
17、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的数据发送装置， 其特征在于， 所述用 户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户在接收到所述 RTS或所述 CTS 后是否设置网络分配向量 NAV包括：
所述用户地址列表用于指示接收到所述 RTSA的用户中非所述 RTS的目 标用户、 且不在该用户地址列表中的用户， 在接收到所述 RTS或所述 CTS 后， 设置 NAV。
18、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的数据发送装置， 其特征在于： 所述第一处理模块还用于， 发送所述 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中还携带有用 于指示所述通信对端在接收到所述 RTS后，返回对应的 CTS的时间指示信息； 所述第二处理模块还用于， 向各通信对端组播一 RTS, 所述 RTS的目标 地址与所述用户地址列表中用户的地址均不相同。
19、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的数据发送装置， 其特征在于， 所述第 一处理模块还用于发送所述 RTSA, 所述 RTSA还用于触发用户地址列表中 的用户激活至少一个次级信道进行通信。
20、 根据权利要求 15或 16所述的数据发送装置， 其特征在于， 所述第 一处理模块还用于发送所述 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中还携带有用于标识所述用 户地址列表起指示作用的有效时长信息。
21、 一种数据接收装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
第四处理模块， 用于接收发送请求通告 RTSA, 所述 RTSA中携带有用 户地址列表；
第五处理模块， 用于接收发送请求 RTS, 如果所述 RTS的目标地址为本 地地址， 则发送对所述 RTS响应的发送请求回复 CTS, 并继续接收数据； 如 果所述 RTS的目标地址不为本地地址、 并且本地地址不在所述用户地址列表 中， 则设置本地的网络分配向量 NAV。
22、 根据权利要求 21所述的数据接收装置， 其特征在于， 所述用户地址
Group ID。
23、 根据权利要求 21或 22所述的数据接收装置， 其特征在于， 还包括： 第六处理模块， 用于在接收到所述 RTSA后， 激活至少一个次级信道用 于接收所述 RTS, 并在空闲并且收到 RTS的次级信道上返回所述 CTS。
24、 一种网络系统， 其特征在于， 包括如权利要求 15至 20任一所述的 数据发送装置，及至少一个的如权利要求 21至 23任一所述的数据接收装置。
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