WO2012083831A1 - 用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的系列导轨 - Google Patents

用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的系列导轨 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012083831A1
WO2012083831A1 PCT/CN2011/084204 CN2011084204W WO2012083831A1 WO 2012083831 A1 WO2012083831 A1 WO 2012083831A1 CN 2011084204 W CN2011084204 W CN 2011084204W WO 2012083831 A1 WO2012083831 A1 WO 2012083831A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
tower
guide
guiding
connecting plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/084204
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱艳君
黄克信
寻凯
邹生强
缪谦
Original Assignee
国家电网公司直流建设分公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 国家电网公司直流建设分公司 filed Critical 国家电网公司直流建设分公司
Publication of WO2012083831A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012083831A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/08Structures made of specified materials of metal
    • E04H12/10Truss-like structures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/24Cross arms
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/34Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like
    • E04H12/342Arrangements for stacking tower sections on top of each other

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of construction equipment for overhead transmission line towers, and specifically relates to a series of guide rails for helicopters to form transmission towers.
  • Transmission line towers can be roughly divided into two types according to the type of structure, namely, pull-type towers and self-standing towers.
  • the tower body of the pull-type iron tower has poor anti-rollover capability, and needs to use the pull wire to maintain the stable erect state of the tower body; the tower shape of the self-supporting iron tower is wider, has the advantages of large carrying capacity, good rigidity, no need for pulling wires, etc., so it is widely used.
  • the structure of the self-supporting tower is various, and figures la and lb show the planar wireframes of the two self-supporting towers.
  • Self-supporting towers are generally three-dimensional truss structures made up of hundreds or even thousands of sections of steel by bolts or rivets.
  • the cross-sections are mostly square or rectangular, and each side is a flat truss.
  • the four main rods of the tower's three-dimensional truss are called main materials, and the adjacent two main materials are connected by the web.
  • the whole tower can be divided into multiple sections, including the tower leg 11 from the bottom up, that is, the first section of the truss on the foundation, the tower body 12, which is composed of a plurality of trusses, and the tower head 13 has three parts in total, wherein the level of the tower head 13
  • the part is called cross-arm 14, which is mostly a variable-section square truss structure.
  • a tower foot is welded to the bottom of the four main members of the tower leg 11, and the anchor bolt can be used to connect the tower to a generally square or rectangular base.
  • the main material formed by the steel plate connection is called the main body of the double-angle angle steel.
  • the towers with large forces are made of double-angle angle steel or round pipe as the main material, and the smaller-strength tower section uses single angle steel or single-limb angle steel as the main material.
  • the decomposition group tower method is an iron tower assembly construction method in which the iron tower is split into single-piece, single-piece or single-stage trusses, and hoisting equipment is used for separate hoisting, aerial docking, and sequential assembly.
  • the helicopter tower is a novel and unique method of building towers. Using helicopter towers has the following advantages over other tower equipment:
  • the tower towers are assembled in order from bottom to top until the entire tower is assembled.
  • the tower leg section 1 and the tower body section 2 use the main limb angle steel main material, the other tower sections are single limb angle steel main materials, the tower leg section 1 and the tower body section 2 are flanged; the tower body section 2 and the tower body section 3, the tower The body section 3 and the tower head 4 are connected by a connecting plate. Therefore, different rail or rail systems need to be installed in the helicopter assembly of each tower section:
  • the rail system should have the characteristics of simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, and can provide guiding effects for lifting of each tower section.
  • the rail system should have high rigidity and strength, which can resist the tower section due to the swing during the lifting process. The impact of life.
  • the difficulty in using the helicopter for assembly is low and the requirements are low, and the corresponding guide rail is also extremely simple.
  • ultra-high voltage power grids such as lOOOOV AC and ⁇ 800kV DC
  • the voltage level of transmission lines is continuously increasing, and the tower is also developing in the direction of large-scale, and its external dimensions and weight are significantly increased, such as some UHV transmission line towers.
  • the weight has exceeded 100t, and the height has exceeded 80m.
  • the structure is also generally made of double-angle angle steel or steel pipe. The construction of the helicopter tower is difficult, and the requirements for the rail system are extremely high.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a series of guide rails with simple structure, safety and reliability, and to meet the different main material forms and different connection manners of the transmission line towers, especially the helicopter assembly of large-scale and heavy-duty tower sections.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a series of guide rails for a helicopter assembly transmission line tower of the present invention comprising: a base rail for a leg train of a helicopter assembly tower, a rail system for a helicopter tower body section, and/or a helicopter group Guide rail system of the end;
  • Each of the rail or rail systems includes a guide member having an angled guide member to form a guide structure for abutting the tower segment toward the foundation or the in-situ tower segment.
  • a connecting structure is provided on the guiding member, connected to the corresponding tower section or foundation, or to a connecting component connected to the corresponding tower section or the foundation.
  • the connecting structure on the guide member or the connecting member on the connecting member connected to the respective tower segments is a bolted structure.
  • the basic rails for the leg sections of the helicopter assembly tower include two types of hoop type foundation rails and anchor bolt type foundation rails.
  • the hoop-type foundation rail wherein the connecting member is an annular hoop, and the guiding member is connected to the hoop; the hoop is connected to the base such that the guiding member is fixed on the foundation.
  • the anchor bolt type base rail wherein the connecting member is a bottom plate, the bottom plate is connected to the guiding member, and the bottom plate is provided with a connecting bolt hole connected to the base.
  • the square shape of the hoop matches the base shape.
  • An iron tower has four foundations, one of which is provided on each foundation.
  • the guide members on the four base rails are located on the outside of the tower leg.
  • the guiding member is a guiding plate, and further comprises a guiding plate rib connecting the guiding plate and the hoop, the guiding plate has two pieces, each The piece includes two parts of an inclined plate and a vertical plate, and the vertical plates of the two of the guide plates are connected together at 90 degrees, and the inclined plates of the two of the guide plates are oriented
  • the outer side of the tower is inclined; the angle of inclination and the vertical height of the inclined plate, and the length of the bottom side of the vertical plate can be determined according to the flight skill of the helicopter driver and the construction environment;
  • the guide plate rib is welded to the lower and lower parts of each of the guide plates
  • the lower end of the guiding rib is connected to the hoop, and the hoop is composed of four steel plates which are connected into a closed square annular hoop so as to be tightly wrapped around the foundation of one iron tower.
  • the height of the vertical plate of the guide plate should be greater than the length of the base leg of the tower leg and the base connecting leg bolt protruding from the base surface of the tower.
  • the guiding plate and the guiding plate ribs are directly placed on the foundation of the iron tower, and are not fastened to the foundation of the iron tower; wherein, the two holding blocks have bolt holes at both ends thereof, so that the holding plates are two or two A hoop is formed by bolting to form a rectangular cross section, and the guide member is disposed on one of the corners and connected to the two hoop plates of the corner.
  • a plurality of weight reducing holes are formed on the guiding plate rib and the hoop.
  • the guiding member is a guiding plate
  • the connecting member connected to the base is a bottom plate, and further comprises a guiding plate rib connecting the guiding plate and the bottom plate;
  • the guide plates are two in total, each of which comprises two parts of an inclined plate and a vertical plate, and the vertical plates of the two of the guide plates are connected together at 90 degrees, and the inclined plates of the two of the guide plates are Tilting to the outside of the tower forms the guiding structure.
  • the inclination angle and the vertical height of the inclined plate and the bottom length of the vertical plate may be determined according to the flight skill of the helicopter driver and the construction environment; the guide plate ribs are welded to the lower and lower portions of each of the guide plates; The guide plate rib is welded on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with a bolt hole to form the connecting structure for connecting with the anchor bolt on the foundation of the iron tower.
  • the height of the vertical plate of the guide plate is greater than the length of the base leg of the iron tower and the base connection protruding from the base surface of the iron tower.
  • a plurality of weight reducing holes are formed on the guiding plate ribs.
  • the guide rail system for the helicopter assembly tower body is a rail system for the helicopter group legislative blue connecting tower section, wherein the guide member is a guide rail, and the guide rail is connected to a connecting member, that is, a cow leg, the cow leg
  • the connection structure is provided in connection with the tower body below the flange of the in-position tower section, and the guide rail is located above the flange and inclined toward the inside of the tower body.
  • a limit device is also included.
  • the limiting device includes a lifting wing that functions as a limiting position that matches the guide rail;
  • the rail system for the helicopter group of the legislative blue connecting tower segment further includes a positioning device, which includes an upper positioning block and a lower positioning block, The upper positioning block is provided with a connecting plate connected to the suspended tower segment, and the lower positioning block is provided with a connecting plate connected with the already-located tower segment, the positioning device is arranged outside the tower body; Block setting The positioning pin hole, the positioning pin mounted on the lower positioning block can penetrate the positioning pin hole.
  • the rail system is used for helicopter assembly using flanged tower sections.
  • the flanges are provided, and the upper and lower flange plates of the flange are provided with bolt holes corresponding to each other.
  • the guide rail includes a guide rod, a guide rod rib and a bottom plate;
  • the guide rod includes two parts of a tilt rod and a vertical rod, wherein the tilt rod is inclined toward an inner side of the iron tower; and the inner lower portion of the guide rod is welded a guide bar plate, the guide bar and the guide bar plate are welded on the bottom plate;
  • the ox leg includes a horizontal connecting plate, a rib and a side connecting plate, the horizontal connecting plate and the side connecting plate are fixed, and the rib is fixed between the horizontal connecting plate and the side connecting plate a bolt hole on the bottom plate of the guide rail and a bolt hole on the horizontal connecting plate of the bull leg; the bobard leg passes through a bolt hole on the side connecting plate and the seated tower The segments are bolted;
  • the limiting device comprises a deployment wing and a connecting plate; the deployment wings are two-piece, welded together at an angle of 90 degrees, and the connecting plates are two in total, and the two are welded in parallel at the tail of the deployment wing.
  • the gap between the two connecting plates is ribbed to be welded to the connecting flange of the tower tower section, and the connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole through which the bolt tower hole is connected.
  • the deployment wing is provided with a hole; the limit rope is installed through an opening on the deployment wing.
  • the helicopter system of the helicopter group includes four sets of guide rail systems, which are respectively installed on the four main materials at the connection position between the suspended tower section and the in place tower section. Four sets of adjacent deployment wings of the four-type rail system mounted on the four main materials of the suspended tower section can be connected by a limit rope.
  • the limiting device further includes a rib plate welded between the deployment wing and the connecting plate; or the inclination angle and length of the inclined rod may be determined according to a flight skill and a construction environment of the helicopter driver.
  • the rear part of the vertical rod of the guide rod is welded with a small rib plate.
  • a plurality of lightening holes are opened on the guide bar plate.
  • the width of the deployment wing is determined according to the flight skill of the helicopter pilot and the construction environment.
  • the positioning device includes an upper positioning block, a lower positioning block and a positioning pin, and the upper positioning block and the lower positioning block are provided with bolt holes, so that the upper positioning block is connected to the suspended tower section by bolts.
  • the lower positioning block is connected to the existing tower segment by bolts, and the positioning pin is mounted on the lower positioning block, and the positioning hole for inserting the positioning pin is opened at a corresponding position of the upper positioning block.
  • the positioning pin can be inserted through.
  • the rail system for a helicopter assembly tower body includes a rail system for a helicopter assembly single-limb main material tower section, the guide member is a guide rail, and the guide rail is connected to a connecting member, that is, an inner cow leg, It’s on the inside of the cow’s leg.
  • the connecting structure of the bit tower segments is connected such that the rails are located above the in-situ tower section and are inclined toward the inside of the tower body.
  • the limiting device further includes a lifting device that matches the guiding rail and has a limiting function, and the limiting device is provided with the hanging tower.
  • a connecting structure on the outer side of the segment further comprising an outer cow leg having a connecting structure connected to the already-located tower segment and the outer cow leg being located outside the tower body, the unfolding wing of the limiting device and the The rails are matched to form a guiding structure, and the bottom plate of the limiting device is seated on the horizontal connecting plate of the outer cow legs.
  • the rail system is used for helicopter assembly of single-limb main tower sections.
  • the suspension tower is guided to the aligned tower section by the guiding of the deployment wing on the limiting device relative to the guide rail.
  • the limit device is seated on the outer calf, so that the constructor can connect the suspended tower section to the already-located tower section by using a connecting plate or the like.
  • the guide rail includes a guide rod, a guide rod rib and a bottom plate
  • the guide rod includes two parts: a tilt rod and a vertical rod, the tilt rod and the vertical rod are fixed together, and the tilt rod is inclined toward the inner side of the iron tower; a guide bar rib is welded to an inner lower portion of the guide rod, and the guide bar and the guide bar rib are welded on the bottom plate;
  • the inner cow leg includes a horizontal connecting plate, a rib plate and a side connecting plate, the horizontal connecting plate is fixed with the side connecting plate, and the rib plate is fixed between the horizontal connecting plate and the side connecting plate; a bolt hole on the bottom plate of the guide rail and a bolt hole on the horizontal connecting plate of the inner ox leg are connected by bolts, and the inner ox leg passes through a bolt hole on the side connecting plate and the already positioned tower segment Use bolted connections.
  • the angle and length of the tilting lever can be determined according to the helicopter pilot's flight skills and construction environment.
  • a plurality of lightening holes are opened on the guide bar plate.
  • the limiting device comprises a connecting plate, a spreading wing, a vertical plate, a rib plate and a bottom plate; the connecting plate has two pieces,
  • the 90 degree angle is welded together, and a bolt hole is arranged thereon, and is connected to the suspended tower section through the bolt hole;
  • the vertical plate has two pieces, which are welded to the tail part of the connecting plate and the unfolding wing; the bottom plate is welded at the unfolding a wing and a bottom of the riser; the plurality of ribs are respectively welded between the connecting plate, the unfolding wing and the vertical plate;
  • the limiting wing is provided with a limiting hole, and the limiting rope is installed through the same Four adjacent deployment wings of four sets of this type of rail system mounted on the four main members of the suspended tower section are connected.
  • the length of the two deployment wings that are welded together at an angle of 90 degrees can be determined according to the flight skill and construction environment of the helicopter pilot.
  • the function of the unfolding wing is to slide down the guide rod. The larger the length, the easier it is for the suspended tower section to enter the guiding range of the guide rod.
  • the outer cow leg includes a pallet, a rib and a connecting plate; the pallet and the connecting plate are fixed, and the rib is fixed at Between the pallet and the connecting plate; the outer cow leg is bolted to the already-located tower section through a bolt hole on the connecting plate.
  • the rail system for the cross-arm end of the helicopter assembly transmission line tower is composed of a guiding device, a hooking device, a pushing device and a stopping device;
  • the guiding device comprises a guiding member, which is a large opening a V-shaped guiding structure, a cross bar is disposed at a lower end of the guiding structure, and the guiding device is provided with a connecting structure connected with the upper main material of the cross arm which is already in position;
  • the hook device includes a hook at one end a hooking rod, the hook on the hook is matched with the crossbar of the guiding device to form a hooking structure, and the connecting rod is provided with a connecting structure connected with the lower main material of the hanging cross arm;
  • the device comprises a push rod provided with a connection structure connected with the lower main material of the cross arm which is already in position;
  • the stop device comprises a baffle matched with the push rod of the push device, on which There is a connection structure connected to the lower main material of the cross arm.
  • the guiding device comprises a guiding plate, a cross bar, a bottom plate, a connecting plate and a stiffened plate;
  • the guiding plate has two pieces, which are oppositely arranged with a certain distance therebetween; the upper part of the guiding plate is inclined at an angle to the outside
  • the two grooved guide plates together form a limiting groove with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, the horizontal bar is horizontally welded on the guiding plate;
  • the guiding plate is welded on the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is welded at the bottom plate a connecting plate;
  • the connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole, and the guiding device is mounted on the upper main material of the cross arm which is placed by using the bolt;
  • the hook device comprises a hook rod, a support plate, a bottom plate, a connecting plate and a stiffened plate, wherein the middle and rear portions of the hook rod are straight rods, and the front portion is an arcuate hook; the connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole, and the bolt is used.
  • the connection between the hook device and the main material on the end portion of the cross arm can be realized; the support plate and the bottom plate realize the connection between the hook rod and the connecting plate;
  • the pushing device comprises a jacking rod, a supporting plate, a bottom plate, a connecting plate and a stiffening plate;
  • the jacking rod is a straight rod;
  • the connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole, and the pushing device can be installed by using a bolt Positioning on the lower main material of the cross arm; the support plate and the bottom plate are connected to the connecting rod and the connecting plate;
  • the stopping device comprises a baffle, a support plate, a bottom plate, a connecting plate and a stiffened plate;
  • the baffle is a flat plate;
  • the connecting plate is provided with a bolt hole, and the bolt device can be used to install the stopping device
  • the lower main body of the supporting end; the supporting plate and the bottom plate realize the connection of the baffle and the connecting plate.
  • the hook rod of the hook device mounted on the end portion of the cross arm enters and hooks the guide bar of the guide device from above, and is placed under the cross arm under the cross arm.
  • the pushing device and the stopping device installed on the main material and the lower main body of the cross arm can effectively prevent the rotation of the end portion of the hanging cross member around the guide rail.
  • the end of the traversed cross arm can be accurately positioned in the mounting position.
  • Figure 1 shows the structural block diagram of two self-supporting towers.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the tower sections.
  • the tower sections in Figure 2a are flanged.
  • the tower sections in Figure 2b are connected by connecting angles and connecting plates.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the helicopter assembly section of a self-supporting tower and the installation position of each type of guide rail.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the hoop type foundation rail.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the anchor bolt type base rail.
  • Figure 6 is a guide rail system for the helicopter section of the helicopter group.
  • Figure 6a shows the structure of the rail system and the installation position of each component.
  • Figure 6b shows the structure of the rail in the rail system.
  • Figure 6c shows the structure of the rail system.
  • FIG. 6d is a schematic structural view of a positioning device in the rail system
  • FIG. 6e is a schematic structural view of the positioning device in the rail system, wherein FIG. 6el is a side view of the positioning device, and FIG. 6e2 is a top view of the upper positioning block. .
  • Figure 7 is a guide rail system for a single-limb main material tower section of a helicopter, wherein Figure 7a is a schematic diagram of the composition of the rail system and the installation position of each component, and Figure 7b is a schematic structural view of the rail in the rail system, wherein Figure 7b is a front view Figure 7b2 is a side view, Figure 7b3 is a top view, Figure 7c is a schematic view of the inner leg of the rail system, Figure 7d is a structural view of the limiting device in the rail system, and Figure 7e is the structure of the outer leg of the rail system schematic diagram.
  • Figure 8 is a rail system for a cross-arm end of a helicopter, wherein Figure 8a is a schematic diagram of the composition of the rail system and the mounting positions of the components, Figure 8b is a schematic structural view of the limiting device in the rail system, and Figure 8c is a schematic diagram of the rail system.
  • FIG. 8d is a schematic structural view of a pushing device in the rail system, and FIG. 8e is a structural schematic view of the stopping device in the rail system.
  • the series of guide rails provided by the invention can meet the helicopter assembly construction of different main material forms and different connection mode tower sections in the transmission line tower.
  • the basic guide rail of the present invention is used, wherein if the anchor bolt is embedded in the foundation, the anchor bolt type base rail can be used, if not For buried anchor bolts, use hoop-type foundation rails; when the tower has a heavy weight and the helicopter cannot be lifted at one time, the tower needs to be split into several sections in the tower body or cross-arm position, respectively, using helicopters.
  • the rail system for the tower body of the helicopter is used, and the rail system for the cross arm end is set up by the helicopter. If the tower body is flanged, the rail system of the helicopter group can be used to connect the tower section, if the tower section is single The angle steel tower can be used The helicopter sets up a rail system for the main tower section of the single limb.
  • the transmission line tower shown in Figure 3 is only one of the transmission line towers. It is only an example here and does not represent all tower types.
  • the iron tower is split into the tower leg section 1, the main limb angle steel main material tower section 2, the single limb angle steel main material tower section), the single limb angle steel main material tower head section 4 and the single limb main material cross arm end 5 And 6 parts, respectively, using helicopters for group construction.
  • the series of guide rails for the helicopter assembly transmission line tower of the invention comprises: a hoop type foundation rail 1 or an anchor bolt connection type foundation rail 2 for a helicopter assembly tower tower leg section, and a helicopter group legislative blue connection tower
  • Each of the rail or rail systems includes a guide member having an angled guide member to form a guide structure for abutting the tower segment toward the foundation or the in-situ tower segment.
  • a connecting structure is provided on the guiding member, connected to the corresponding tower section or foundation, or to a connecting component connected to the corresponding tower section or the foundation.
  • the connecting structure on the guide member or the connecting member on the connecting member connected to the respective tower segments is a bolted structure.
  • the hoop-type foundation rail 1 for the leg train section of the helicopter assembly transmission line tower is shown in FIG. 4, the guiding member is the guiding plate 31, the connecting member with the iron tower is the hoop 33, and the guiding plate 31 is further included.
  • the two guide plates 31 are connected together to limit the swinging of the legs of the tower to the outside of the base in the horizontal direction, thereby providing a guiding effect for the position of the tower legs.
  • Each of the guide plates 31 includes two portions of an inclined plate 37 and a vertical plate 38.
  • the vertical plates 38 of the two guide plates 31 are joined at 90 degrees, and the inclined plates 37 of the two guide plates 31 are inclined toward the outside of the iron tower.
  • the inclination angle and vertical height of the inclined plate 37 and the base length of the vertical plate 38 can be determined according to the flight skill of the helicopter pilot and the construction environment. The larger the above parameters, the requirements for the helicopter pilot's flight skill and construction environment. The lower it is.
  • the foundation bolts are pre-embedded in the foundation of the tower.
  • the tower legs of the tower sit on the foundation of the tower, and the bolt holes opened on the tower pass through the anchor bolts.
  • the tower can be prevented from tipping over. Therefore, the height of the vertical plate 38 of the guide plate 31 should be greater than the length of the anchor bolt above the base surface of the iron tower to ensure that the basic guide rail can play a normal guiding role.
  • the guide ribs 32 are welded to the lower rear portion of each of the guide plates 31 to provide support for the guide plates.
  • the guiding plate 31 and the guiding plate rib 32 are directly placed on the foundation of the iron tower and are not fastened to the foundation of the iron tower.
  • the lower end of the guiding plate rib 32 is connected with the hoop 33, and the hoop 33 is composed of four steel plates, which are tightly packed Wrapped around the foundation of the tower, the impact force of the guide plate 31 subjected to the leg section of the tower can be transmitted to the tower foundation.
  • Both ends of the four hoop plates are provided with bolt holes 35, so that the hoop plates can be connected by bolts.
  • the four hoop plates should have sufficient height. The height is small, the strength and rigidity provided are small, and the impact force is easily damaged. The specific height should be determined according to the size and weight of the suspended tower section and the flight stability of the helicopter when it is in position.
  • a plurality of weight reducing holes 36 are formed on the guiding plate rib 32 and the hoop 33, which can effectively reduce the overall weight of the guide rail, and is convenient for transportation and on-site use.
  • the anchor bolt type foundation rail 2 for a helicopter assembly transmission line tower leg section includes a guide plate 41, a guide plate rib 42 and a bottom plate 43.
  • the above components may be made of steel plates, and welded or bolted to each other, the structure
  • the form is simple and easy to manufacture.
  • the two guide plates 41 are connected together to limit the swing of the leg sections of the tower to the outside of the base in the horizontal direction, thereby providing a guiding effect for the position of the tower legs.
  • Each of the guide plates 41 includes two portions of an inclined plate 46 and a vertical plate 47.
  • the vertical plates 47 of the two guide plates 41 are joined at 90 degrees, and the inclined plates 46 of the two guide plates 41 are inclined toward the outside of the iron tower.
  • the angle of inclination and vertical height of the sloping plate 46 and the length of the bottom of the vertical plate 47 can be determined according to the flight skill of the helicopter driver and the construction environment.
  • the height of the vertical plate 47 of the guide plate 41 should be greater than the length of the base bolt of the tower and the base connecting anchor bolt to ensure the normal guiding function of the foundation rail.
  • the guide rib 42 is welded to the lower rear portion of the guide plate 41 to provide support for the guide plate. According to the specific values of the structure and size, the guide ribs 42 are provided with a plurality of weight reducing holes 44, which can effectively reduce the overall weight of the foundation rail, and is convenient for transportation and on-site use.
  • Both the guide plate 41 and the guide rib 42 are welded to the bottom plate 43.
  • the bolt hole 45 on the bottom plate 43 can be used to connect the rail to the tower base using the anchor bolt, so that the impact force received by the guide plate 41 can be transmitted to the tower foundation, so that the overall structure of the foundation rail is highly reliable and safe.
  • the rail system 3 for a flange connecting tower section for a helicopter assembly transmission line tower includes a guide rail 51, a cow leg 52, a limiting device 53 and a positioning device 54.
  • Each component is welded by an angle steel or a steel plate, and the structure is formed. Simple, easy to manufacture and manufacture; bolts are used between components and between the components and the tower, which is convenient for installation and removal.
  • the guide rail 51 is connected to the bull's leg 52 by bolts to provide a guiding effect for the position of the suspended tower section.
  • the guide rail 51 is composed of a guide bar 511, a guide bar 512, a rib plate 513, and a bottom plate 514.
  • the guiding rod 511 comprises two parts, a tilting rod 517 and a vertical rod 518, which can be made of angle steel or steel plate.
  • the tilting lever 517 is inclined toward the inner side of the tower, and the tilting lever 517 is The angle of inclination and length can be determined based on the helicopter pilot's flight skills and construction environment.
  • the rear portion of the vertical rod 518 of the guide rod 511 is welded with a small rib plate 513, which can improve the local impact resistance of the guide rail.
  • the inner lower portion of the guide rod 511 is welded with a guide bar 512 to provide support for the guide rod 511, which can improve the rigidity and strength of the guide rod 511.
  • Both the guide rib 512 and the guide 511 are welded to the bottom plate 514.
  • the guide bar 512 is provided with a plurality of weight reducing holes 515, which can effectively reduce the overall weight of the guide rail, and is convenient for transportation and on-site use.
  • the ox leg 52 includes a horizontal connecting plate 521, a rib 522 and a side connecting plate 523.
  • the bolt holes 516 on the bottom plate 514 of the guide rail 51 and the bolt holes 524 on the horizontal connecting plate 521 of the ox leg 52 are bolted.
  • the ox leg 52 is bolted to the seated tower section by bolt holes 525 in the side connecting plate 523. Therefore, the cow leg 52 can provide support for the guide rail 51 to transmit the impact force received by the guide rail 51 to the already-located tower section.
  • the limiting device 53 is mounted on the suspended tower section by a connecting plate thereon, which can slide down along the guide rail 51 to provide a limit for the lifting of the suspended tower section.
  • the limiting device 53 includes a deployment wing 531, a connecting plate 532 and a rib 533.
  • the deployment wing 531 has two pieces, which are welded at an angle of 90 degrees, and the width can be determined according to the flight skill of the helicopter pilot and the construction environment.
  • the connecting plate 532 has two pieces in total, and the two are welded in parallel to the tail of the unfolding wing 531. The gap between the two connecting plates 532 can be inserted into the welded rib on the flange, and connected to the suspended tower section through the bolt hole 534. .
  • the rib 533 is welded between the deployment wing 531 and the connecting plate 532 to improve the impact resistance of the deployment wing.
  • the deployment wing 531 is further provided with a hole 535 through which the limit rope is installed, so that the four deployment wings of the four types of guide rail systems on the four main materials of the suspension tower can be connected to each other. Segments provide a wider range of limits.
  • the positioning device 54 includes an upper positioning block 541 and a lower positioning block 544.
  • the upper positioning block 541 is connected to the suspended tower section by bolts, and has a positioning hole 542 formed thereon; the lower positioning block 544 is bolted to the already-located tower section, and the positioning pin 543 is mounted thereon, and the positioning pin 543 is mounted thereon.
  • the pin 543 is threaded into the positioning hole 542 to provide precise positioning of the upper and lower tower flanges at the hoisting end.
  • the rail system 4 for the single-limb main material tower section of the helicopter assembly transmission line tower comprises a guide rail 61, an inner cow leg 62, a limiting device 63 and an outer cow leg 64.
  • the components can be welded by angle steel or steel plate. The structure is simple, and the processing and manufacturing are convenient; the bolts are connected between the components and the components and the iron tower, and the installation and the removal are convenient.
  • the guide rail 61 is mounted on the inner ox leg 62 to provide a guiding effect for the seating of the pylon section.
  • the guide rail 61 includes a guide rod 611, a guide bar 612, and a bottom plate 613.
  • the guiding rod 611 comprises two parts, a tilting rod 616 and a vertical rod 617, which can be made of angle steel or steel plate.
  • the tilt lever 616 is inclined toward the inside of the tower. The angle of inclination and length of the tilting lever 616 can be determined based on the flight skill of the helicopter pilot and the construction environment.
  • a guide rib 612 is welded to the inner lower portion of the guide rod 611.
  • the guide bar 612 provides support for the guide rod 611, which can improve the impact strength and rigidity of the guide rod 611.
  • the guide rod 611 Both the guide bar 612 and the guide bar 612 are welded to the bottom plate 613. According to the specific value of the structural size, the guide bar 612 is provided with a plurality of weight reducing holes 614 to reduce the weight of the guide rail for convenient transportation and on-site use.
  • the inner cow leg 62 includes a horizontal web 621, a rib 622 and a side web 623.
  • the bolt holes 615 on the bottom plate 613 of the guide rail 61 and the bolt holes 624 on the horizontal connecting plate 621 of the inner cow leg 62 are bolted.
  • the inner cow leg 62 is connected to the already positioned tower section by bolt holes 625 in the side connecting plate 623. Therefore, the inner nipple 62 provides support for the guide rail 61 and transmits the impact force received by the guide rail 61 to the already positioned tower section.
  • the limiting device 63 is connected to the suspended tower section by two connecting plates 631 which are at an angle of 90 degrees to provide a limit for the position of the suspended tower section.
  • the limiting device 63 includes a connecting plate 631, a deployment wing 632, a riser 633, a rib 634, and a bottom plate 635.
  • the deployment wings 632 are two pieces in a 90 degree angle, and the width can be determined according to the helicopter pilot's flight skill and construction environment.
  • the risers 633 are two pieces in total and are welded to the tail portions of the connecting plate 631 and the unfolding wings 632.
  • the ribs 634 have a plurality of pieces welded between the connecting plate 631, the unfolding wings 632 and the vertical plates 633, respectively, which can improve the impact resistance of the limiting device.
  • the unfolding hole 637 is opened on the unfolding wing 632, and the two retaining wings of the four sets of the rail system installed on the four main materials of the hanging tower section are connected by the mounting limit rope.
  • the tower section provides a wider range of limits.
  • the bottom plate 635 is welded to the bottom of the deployment wing 632 and the riser 633, and the suspended tower section is placed on the outer cow leg 64 through the bottom plate 635.
  • the outer cow leg 64 includes a pallet 641, a rib 642 and a web 643.
  • the outer bullet 64 is bolted to the seated tower section by bolt holes 644 in the connecting plate 643.
  • the outer cow legs 64 are temporary supports that are provided in position by the hanging tower segments.
  • the rail system 5 for the end portion of the cross-arm in the helicopter assembly transmission line tower comprises four parts: a guiding device 71, a hooking device 72, an pushing device 73 and a stopping device 74.
  • the components can be welded by angle steel or steel plate, and the structure is formed. Simple, easy to manufacture and manufacture; bolted connection between each component and the crossarm of the tower, easy to install and remove.
  • the guiding device 71 is mounted on the upper main material that has been placed on the cross arm; the hooking device 72 is mounted on the upper main material of the cross arm; the pushing device 73 is installed under the cross arm On the main material; the stop device 74 is mounted on the lower main material of the cross arm.
  • the hooking lever 721 of the hooking device 72 hooks the crossbar 712 of the guiding device 71 so as to be able to pull the traversing load; and the jack 731 of the pushing device 73 tightens the stop
  • the baffle 741 of the device 74 prevents the rotation of the crossbar 712 of the guide 71 from being traversed.
  • the upper cross arm can be accurately positioned in the mounting position by the upper pull and the lower stop.
  • the guiding device 71 includes a guide plate 711, a cross bar 712, a bottom plate 713, a connecting plate 714, and a stiffened plate.
  • the guide plates 711 are two in total, arranged oppositely with a certain distance therebetween.
  • the upper portion of the guide plate 711 is oblique
  • the outer side is opened with a certain angle of the groove, and the two guiding plates 711 together form a limiting groove with a large upper opening and a small lower opening, thereby providing a guiding function for the positioning of the hooking rod 721 of the hooking device 72.
  • the crossbar 712 is horizontally welded to the guide plate 711.
  • the guide plate 711 is welded to the bottom plate 713, and the bottom plate 713 is welded to the connecting plate 714.
  • a reinforcing stiffened plate is welded at a local location.
  • the hook device 72 includes a hook rod 721, a support plate 722, a bottom plate 723, a connecting plate 724, and a stiffened plate.
  • the middle and rear portions of the hook rod 721 are straight rods, and the front portion is an arcuate hook.
  • the support plate 722 and the bottom plate 723 realize the connection of the hook rod 721 and the connecting plate 724.
  • the pushing device 73 includes a jack 731, a support plate 732, a bottom plate 733, a connecting plate 734, and a stiffened plate.
  • the jack 731 is a straight rod.
  • the jack 731 and the connecting plate 734 are connected by a support plate 732 and a bottom plate 733.
  • the stop device 74 includes a baffle 741, a support plate 742, a bottom plate 743, a connecting plate 744, and a stiffened plate.
  • the baffle 741 is a flat plate.
  • the support plate 742 and the bottom plate 743 enable the connection of the baffle 741 to the connecting plate 744.
  • This series of guide rails can be used for helicopter construction in various main material forms and various connection modes of towers in transmission line towers.
  • the use of the series of guide rails of the invention can ensure the safe, accurate, automatic and reliable of each tower section of the helicopter transmission line tower, and can meet various tower sections of various large and heavy-duty iron towers (including the main tower sections of the two limbs and The helicopter construction of the steel tube tower has good economic and social benefits.

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Description

用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的系列导轨 技术领域
本发明属于架空输电线路铁塔组立施工装备领域, 具体涉及用于直升机组立输电线路 铁塔的系列导轨。
背景技术
输电线路铁塔按结构类型大致可分为两类, 即拉线型铁塔和自立式铁塔。 拉线型铁塔 的塔体自身抗倾翻能力差, 需要使用拉线来保持塔体的稳定竖立状态; 自立式铁塔的塔形 较宽大, 具有承载能力大、 刚性好、 无需拉线等优点, 因此应用广泛。 自立式铁塔的结构 形式多样, 图 la和图 lb给出了两种自立式铁塔的平面线框图。 自立式铁塔一般为由数百 根乃至数千根型钢通过螺栓或铆钉连接而成的立体桁架结构, 其横断面多呈正方形或矩 形, 每一侧面均为平面桁架。 铁塔立体桁架的四根主要杆件称为主材, 相邻两主材间使用 腹材进行连接。全塔可分为多段, 自下而上包括塔腿 11, 即基础上的第一段桁架、塔身 12, 其由多段桁架组成, 还有塔头 13总共三部分, 其中塔头 13的水平部分被称为横担 14, 其 多为变截面方形桁架结构。在塔腿 11的四根主材底部焊有塔脚板,使用地脚螺栓可实现铁 塔与横断面一般为方形或矩形的基础的连接。 根据所处环境、 使用要求、 具体结构形式及 受力大小等因素, 铁塔各塔段可使用两根角钢、 单根角钢或圆管等作为主材, 其中由两根 角钢开口反向布置, 其间用钢板连接形成的主材称为双肢角钢主材。 一般而言, 受力较大 的塔段使用双肢角钢或圆管作为主材, 受力较小的塔段使用单根角钢或称单肢角钢作为主 材。 不同塔段间一般有两种联接方式: 一种是使用法兰进行连接, 如图 2a所示, 上塔段 21与下塔段 23间使用法兰盘 22进行连接; 另一种是使用连接角钢和 /或连接板进行连接, 如图 2b所示, 上塔段 24与下塔段 26间使用连接角钢和连接板 25进行连接。
铁塔的组立一般有两种施工方法, 即整体立塔法和分解组塔法。 自立式铁塔一般使用 分解组塔法进行组立, 在条件允许的情况下也可以整体组立。 分解组塔法是将铁塔拆分成 单根构件、 单片或单段桁架, 使用起重设备进行单独吊装、 空中对接、 按序组立的一种铁 塔组立施工方法。 相比通常使用的施工抱杆、 流动式起重机、 组塔专用塔式起重机等组塔 起重设备进行组塔而言, 直升机组塔是一种新颖、 独特的铁塔组立施工方法。 相比其它组 塔设备, 使用直升机组塔具有以下优点:
(1) 由于塔段在地面组装, 减少了高空作业量, 安全性好; (2) 勿需将组塔设备和塔材等运输至铁塔就位现场, 减轻了施工人员的劳动强度, 同时减 少了运输通道开辟和植被砍伐, 保护了生态环境, 特别适合于崇山峻岭等施工环境恶 劣的场所;
(3) 组塔效率高。
使用直升机组立自立式铁塔的一般施工过程如下:
(1) 在被吊塔段和已就位塔段 (或基础) 的连接位置处安装相应的导轨;
(2) 使用悬挂装置将被吊塔段悬挂在直升机机腹下方, 然后将其吊运至已就位塔段 (或基 础) 的上方并悬停;
(3) 直升机驾驶员逐渐降低悬停高度, 使被吊塔段借助导轨的导向作用缓慢下降, 进入安 装位置就位, 必要时导轨要为被吊塔段提供临时支撑;
(4) 直升机松开与被吊塔段的连接后飞离, 施工人员使用螺栓、 连接板等将被吊塔段和已 就位塔段 (或基础) 连接, 最后拆除导轨, 从而完成该被吊塔段的直升机吊装施工;
(5) 依照上述步骤按由下至上的顺序依次组立铁塔各塔段, 直至整基铁塔组立完成。
因此, 使用直升机组塔对铁塔的分段重量、 接头形式、 接头位置等都有较高要求, 其 中最大的难点在于如何保证塔段在空中的准确、 自动对接, 尽可能避免人工干预, 确保施 工安全、 高效, 所以塔段对接用导轨至关重要。 如图 3所示某型自立式铁塔, 全塔分塔腿 段①、 塔身段②和塔身段③、 塔头④、 横担端部⑤和横担端部⑥共六段, 分别用直升机进 行组立施工。 其中, 塔腿段①与塔身段②使用双肢角钢主材, 其它塔段为单肢角钢主材, 塔腿段①与塔身段②间使用法兰连接; 塔身段②和塔身段③、 塔身段③和塔头④间使用连 接板进行连接。 因此, 在各塔段的直升机组立中需要安装不同的导轨或导轨系统:
(1)在塔腿段①的组立中, 需要在铁塔基础上安装基础导轨 1或基础导轨 2。
(2)在塔身段②的组立中, 需要在塔腿段①和塔身段②的连接位置处安装直升机组立法兰 连接塔段用导轨系统 3。
(3)在塔身段③和塔头④的组立中, 需要分别在塔身段②和塔身段③、 塔身段③和塔头④ 间安装直升机组立单肢主材塔段用导轨系统 4。
(4)在横担端部⑤和横担端部⑥的组立中, 需要分别在塔头④和横担端部⑤、 塔头④和横 担端部⑥的连接位置处安装直升机组立横担端部用导轨系统 5。
所述的导轨系统应该具有结构简单、 装拆方便的特点, 能够为各塔段的吊装提供导向 作用。 此外, 导轨系统应具有较高的刚度和强度, 能够抵抗塔段在吊装过程中因摆动而产 生的撞击力。
由于以往输电线路电压等级低、铁塔规格小, 使用直升机进行组立的难度小、要求低, 相应的导轨也极为简单。 随着 lOOOkV交流和 ± 800kV直流等特高压电网的建设, 输电线 路电压等级不断提高, 铁塔也在向大型化方向发展, 其外形尺寸、 重量等显著增大, 如某 些特高压输电线路铁塔的重量已超过 100t, 高度已超过 80米; 结构也普遍采用双肢角钢 或钢管做为主材, 直升机组塔施工难度大, 对导轨系统的要求极高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供结构简单、 安全可靠的系列导轨, 满足输电线路铁塔中不同主材 形式、 不同连接方式塔段, 特别是大型、 重型铁塔塔段的直升机组立施工。
为实现上述目的, 本发明采取以下技术方案:
本发明的用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的系列导轨, 其包括: 用于直升机组立铁塔塔 腿段的基础导轨、用于直升机组立塔身段的导轨系统和 /或用于直升机组立横担端部的导轨 系统;
各所述导轨或导轨系统均包括导向部件, 该导向部件上设有倾斜的导向件, 从而形成 可使被吊塔段向基础或已就位塔段靠拢对接的导向结构。 在所述导向部件上设有连接结 构, 与相应塔段或基础连接, 或者与相应塔段或基础上连接的一连接部件连接。
与相应塔段连接的所述导向部件上的所述连接结构或所述连接部件上的连接结构均 为螺栓连接结构。
所述用于直升机组立铁塔塔腿段的基础导轨包括抱箍型基础导轨和地脚螺栓连接型 基础导轨两种。
所述抱箍型基础导轨, 其中所述连接部件为一方环状抱箍, 在该抱箍上连接所述导向 部件; 所述抱箍与基础连接, 使得所述导向部件固定在基础上。
所述地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨, 其中所述连接部件为一底板, 所述底板上连接所述导 向部件, 在所述底板上设有与基础连接的连接螺栓孔。
抱箍的方形形状与基础形状匹配。 一个铁塔有四个基础, 在每个基础上设置一个所述 基础导轨。 四个基础导轨上的导向部件位于塔腿段的外侧。
具体的, 在所述抱箍型基础导轨中, 所述导向部件为导向板, 还包括将所述导向板和 所述抱箍连接起来的导向板筋板, 所述导向板共两件, 每件包括倾斜板和垂直板两部分, 两件所述导向板中的所述垂直板成 90度连接在一起, 两件所述导向板中的所述倾斜板向 铁塔外侧倾斜; 倾斜板的倾斜角度和垂直高度、 垂直板的底边长可根据直升机驾驶员的飞 行技能和施工环境确定; 每件所述导向板的后下部均焊接有所述导向板筋板; 所述导向板 筋板的下端连接所述抱箍, 所述抱箍由四块钢板组成, 其连接成封闭的方环形抱箍, 以便 于紧密包裹在一个铁塔基础的四周。
其中, 所述导向板的垂直板的高度应大于塔腿段与基础连接用地腿螺栓伸出铁塔基础 表面的长度。
其中, 所述导向板和导向板筋板直接搁置在铁塔基础上, 与铁塔基础无紧固连接; 其中, 所述四块抱箍板的两端均开有螺栓孔, 使抱箍板两两之间用螺栓连接形成矩形 截面的抱箍, 所述导向部件设于其中一个边角上, 连接在该边角的两块抱箍板上。
其中, 根据结构形式和尺寸的具体数值, 导向板筋板和抱箍上均开有若干减重孔。 其中, 在所述导向板筋板和所述抱箍之间以及抱箍板两两之间均有小筋板。
在所述地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨中, 所述导向部件为导向板, 与基础连接的所述连接 部件为底板, 还包括将所述导向板和所述底板连接起来的导向板筋板; 所述导向板共两 件, 每件包括倾斜板和垂直板两部分, 两件所述导向板中的所述垂直板成 90度连接在一 起, 两件所述导向板中的所述倾斜板向铁塔外侧倾斜, 形成所述导向结构。 倾斜板的倾 斜角度和垂直高度、 垂直板的底边长可根据直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定; 每件所述导向板的后下部均焊接有导向板筋板; 所述导向板和所述导向板筋板焊接在所 述底板上, 所述底板上开有螺栓孔构成所述连接结构, 用于与铁塔基础上的地脚螺栓连 接。
其中, 所述导向板的垂直板的高度大于铁塔与基础连接用地腿螺栓伸出铁塔基础表面 的长度。
其中, 根据结构形式和尺寸的具体数值, 导向板筋板上开有若干减重孔。
用于直升机组立塔身段的导轨系统为直升机组立法兰连接塔段用导轨系统, 其中的所 述导向部件为导轨, 所述导轨连接在一所述连接部件即牛腿上, 该牛腿上设有与已就位塔 段的法兰盘下面的塔身连接的所述连接结构, 且使得所述导轨位于法兰盘的上方且向塔身 内侧倾斜。 为方便被吊塔段就位, 还包括限位装置。 所述限位装置包括与所述导轨匹配的 起限位作用的展开翼; 所述直升机组立法兰连接塔段用导轨系统还包括定位装置, 其包括 一上定位块和一下定位块, 所述上定位块上设有与被吊塔段连接的连接板, 所述下定位块 上设有与已就位塔段连接的连接板, 所述定位装置布置在塔身外侧; 在所述上定位块上设 定位销孔, 安装在下定位块上的定位销可穿入该定位销孔。
该导轨系统用于使用法兰连接的塔段的直升机组立施工。 在已就位塔段和被吊塔段的 连接位置处为所述法兰盘, 所述法兰盘的上、 下法兰板上设置相互对应的螺栓孔。
具体的, 其中, 所述导轨包括导杆、 导杆筋板和底板; 所述导杆包括倾斜杆和垂直杆 两部分, 所述倾斜杆向铁塔内侧倾斜; 所述导杆的内下部焊有导杆筋板, 所述导杆和所述 导杆筋板均焊接在底板上;
所述牛腿包括水平连接板、 筋板和侧面连接板, 所述水平连接板和所述侧面连接板固 联, 在所述水平连接板和所述侧面连接板之间固联所述筋板; 所述导轨的所述底板上的螺 栓孔和所述牛腿的所述水平连接板上的螺栓孔使用螺栓连接; 所述牛腿通过所述侧面连接 板上的螺栓孔与已就位塔段使用螺栓连接;
所述限位装置包括展开翼和连接板; 所述展开翼共两件, 成 90度夹角焊接在一起, 所述连接板共两件, 两者平行地焊接在所述展开翼的尾部, 两件所述连接板间的空隙大小 为可插入铁塔塔段连接法兰上焊接的肋板上, 该连接板上设螺栓孔, 通过该螺栓孔与被吊 塔段相连。
具体地, 所述展开翼上开有孔; 通过在所述展开翼上的开孔安装限位绳。 本直升机组 立法兰连接塔段用导轨系统包括四套, 其分别安装在被吊塔段和已就位塔段连接位置处的 四根主材上。 用限位绳可将安装在被吊塔段四根主材上的四套该型导轨系统的相邻展开翼 两两连接起来。
所述限位装置还包括筋板, 所述筋板焊接在所述展开翼和所述连接板之间; 或者, 倾斜杆的倾斜角度和长度可根据直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定。
其中, 所述导杆的垂直杆的后部焊有小筋板。
其中, 根据结构尺寸的具体数值, 导杆筋板上开有若干减重孔。
所述展开翼的宽度根据直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定。
具体地, 所述定位装置包括上定位块、 下定位块和定位销, 在所述上定位块和下定位 块上设有螺栓孔, 使得所述上定位块通过螺栓连接在被吊塔段上, 下定位块通过螺栓连接 在已就位塔段上, 在所述下定位块上安装有所述定位销、 所述上定位块的对应位置上开有 用于穿设所述定位销的定位孔可使所述定位销穿入。
用于直升机组立塔身段的所述导轨系统包括直升机组立单肢主材塔段用导轨系统, 所 述导向部件为导轨, 所述导轨连接在一所述连接部件即内牛腿上, 该内牛腿上设有与已就 位塔段连接的所述连接结构, 且使得所述导轨位于已就位塔段的上方且向塔身内侧倾斜。 为方便被吊塔段就位, 还包括限位装置, 所述限位装置包括与所述导轨匹配的起限位作用 的展开翼, 该限位装置上设有可使其安装在被吊塔段外侧的连接结构; 还包括一外牛腿, 其上设有与已就位塔段连接且使得所述外牛腿位于塔身外侧的连接结构, 所述限位装置的 展开翼与所述导轨匹配构成导向结构, 所述限位装置的底板落座于所述外牛腿的水平连接 板上。
该导轨系统用于单肢主材塔段的直升机组立施工。
在吊装过程中, 通过限位装置上的展开翼相对于导轨的导向, 使得被吊塔段准确地向 已就位塔段靠拢。 靠拢后, 限位装置即落座在外牛腿上, 使得施工人员可以登塔使用连接 板等将被吊塔段与已就位塔段连接在一起。
具体的, 所述导轨包括导杆、导杆筋板和底板, 所述导杆包括倾斜杆和垂直杆两部分, 该倾斜杆和垂直杆固联在一起,倾斜杆向铁塔内侧倾斜;所述导杆的内下部焊有导杆筋板, 所述导杆和所述导杆筋板均焊接在底板上;
所述内牛腿包括水平连接板、筋板和侧面连接板,所述水平连接板与侧面连接板固联, 在所述水平连接板和所述侧面连接板之间固联所述筋板; 所述导轨的所述底板上的螺栓孔 和所述内牛腿的所述水平连接板上的螺栓孔使用螺栓连接, 所述内牛腿通过侧面连接板上 的螺栓孔与已就位塔段使用螺栓连接。
倾斜杆的倾斜角度和长度可根据直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定。
其中, 根据结构尺寸的具体数值, 导杆筋板上开有若干减重孔。
所述限位装置, 其包括连接板、 展开翼、 竖板、 筋板和底板; 所述连接板共两件, 成
90度夹角焊接在一起, 其上设螺栓孔, 通过螺栓孔与被吊塔段连接; 所述竖板共两件, 焊 接在连接板和展开翼的尾部; 所述底板焊接在所述展开翼和所述竖板底部; 所述筋板有多 件, 分别焊接在连接板、 展开翼和竖板之间; 所述展开翼上开有限位孔, 通过其安装限位 绳, 从而可将安装在被吊塔段四根主材上的四套该型导轨系统的相邻两个展开翼连接起 来。
其中, 两件成 90度夹角焊接在一起的所述展开翼的长度可根据直升机驾驶员的飞行 技能和施工环境确定。 展开翼的作用是沿导杆滑下, 其长度越大, 被吊塔段越容易进入导 杆的导向范围。
所述外牛腿包括托板、 筋板和连接板; 所述托板和所述连接板固联, 所述筋板固定在 所述托板和所述连接板之间; 所述外牛腿通过所述连接板上的螺栓孔与已就位塔段使用螺 栓连接。
用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔中横担端部用导轨系统由导向装置、 挂钩装置、 顶推装 置和止挡装置四部分组成; 所述导向装置包括一所述导向部件, 其为一大口朝上的 V字形 导向结构, 在该导向结构的下端设置一横杆, 该导向装置上设有与已就位的横担上部主材 连接的连接结构; 所述挂钩装置包括一端部带有挂钩的挂钩杆, 其上的挂钩与所述导向装 置中的所述横杆钩挂匹配形成钩挂结构, 所述挂钩杆上设有与被吊横担下部主材连接的连 接结构;所述顶推装置包括一顶推杆,其上设有与已就位的横担下部主材连接的连接结构; 所述止挡装置包括一与所述顶推装置的顶推杆匹配的挡板, 其上设有与被吊横担下部主材 连接的连接结构。
具体地, 所述导向装置包括导向板、 横杆、 底板、 连接板及加筋板; 所述导向板共两 件, 相对布置, 其间有一定距离; 导向板的上部斜向外侧开有一定角度的坡口, 两件导向 板共同构成一个上部开口大、 下部开口小的限位槽, 所述横杆水平焊接在导向板上; 所述 导向板焊接在所述底板上, 底板则焊接在所述连接板上; 所述连接板上开有螺栓孔, 使用 螺栓可将导向装置安装在已就位横担的上主材上;
所述挂钩装置包括挂钩杆、 支撑板、 底板、 连接板及加筋板, 所述挂钩杆的中后部为 直杆, 前部为弓形挂钩; 所述连接板上开有螺栓孔, 使用螺栓可实现挂钩装置与被吊横担 端部上主材的连接; 所述支撑板和底板实现挂钩杆与连接板的连接;
所述顶推装置包括顶杆、 支撑板、 底板、 连接板及加筋板; 所述顶杆为直杆; 所述连 接板上开有螺栓孔, 使用螺栓可将顶推装置安装在已就位横担的下主材上; 所述支撑板和 所述底板实现顶杆与连接板的连接;
所述止挡装置包括挡板、 支撑板、 底板、 连接板及加筋板; 所述挡板为平板; 所述连 接板上开有螺栓孔, 使用螺栓可将止挡装置安装在被吊横担端部的下主材上; 所述支撑板 和底板实现挡板与连接板的连接。
在横担端部的直升机组立施工中, 被吊横担端部上安装挂钩装置的挂钩杆从上方沿导 向装置的导向结构进入并钩住导向装置的横杆, 在已就位横担下主材和被吊横担端部下主 材上安装的顶推装置和止挡装置可以有效防止被吊横担端部绕导向装置横杆的转动。 通过 上部的牵拉和下部的止挡, 从而可将被吊横担端部准确定位于安装位置。
附图说明 下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
为了使本发明的内容被更清楚的理解, 并便于具体实施方式的描述, 下面给出与本发 明相关的附图, 说明如下:
图 1 为两种自立式铁塔的结构线框图。
图 2 为铁塔塔段连接方式示意图, 其中图 2a中塔段使用法兰连接, 图 2b中塔段使用 连接角钢和连接板连接。
图 3为某型自立式铁塔的直升机组立分段情况及各型导轨的安装位置示意图。
图 4为抱箍型基础导轨的结构示意图。
图 5为地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨的结构示意图。
图 6为直升机组立法兰连接塔段用导轨系统,其中图 6a为该型导轨系统组成及各部件 安装位置示意图, 图 6b为该导轨系统中导轨的结构示意图, 图 6c为该导轨系统中牛腿的 结构示意图, 图 6d为该导轨系统中限位装置的结构示意图, 图 6e为该导轨系统中定位装 置的结构示意图, 其中图 6el为定位装置的侧视图, 图 6e2为上定位块的俯视图。
图 7为直升机组立单肢主材塔段用导轨系统,其中图 7a为该型导轨系统组成及各部件 安装位置示意图, 图 7b为该导轨系统中导轨的结构示意图, 其中图 7bl为正视图, 图 7b2 侧视图, 图 7b3为俯视图, 图 7c为该导轨系统中内牛腿的结构示意图, 图 7d为该导轨系 统中限位装置的结构示意图, 图 7e为该导轨系统中外牛腿的结构示意图。
图 8为直升机组立横担端部用导轨系统,其中图 8a为该型导轨系统组成及各部件安装 位置示意图, 图 8b为该导轨系统中限位装置的结构示意图, 图 8c为该导轨系统中挂钩装 置的结构示意图, 图 8d为该导轨系统中顶推装置的结构示意图, 图 8e为该导轨系统中止 挡装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的系列导轨可满足输电线路铁塔中不同主材形式、 不同连接方式塔段的直 升机组立施工。 当输电线路铁塔重量不大、 直升机可一次吊运时, 只需使用本发明中的基 础导轨, 其中, 如果基础上预埋有地脚螺栓, 可使用地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨, 如果没有 预埋地脚螺栓, 则使用抱箍型基础导轨; 当铁塔重量较大、 直升机不能一次吊运时, 需要 将铁塔在塔身或横担位置拆分成若干段分别使用直升机组立, 此时需要使用直升机组立塔 身段用导轨系统和直升机组立横担端部用导轨系统, 其中, 如果塔身段使用法兰连接, 则 可以使用直升机组立法兰连接塔段用导轨系统, 如果塔身段是单肢角钢塔身, 则可以使用 直升机组立单肢主材塔段用导轨系统。
图 3所示的输电线路铁塔, 只是输电线路铁塔中的一种, 在此只作示例, 不代表所有 塔型。在吊装中将铁塔拆分成塔腿段①、双肢角钢主材塔身段②、单肢角钢主材塔身段 )、 单肢角钢主材塔头段④和单肢主材横担端部⑤、 ⑥几个部分, 分别使用直升机进行组立施 工。 本发明的用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的系列导轨包括: 用于直升机组立铁塔塔腿段 的抱箍型基础导轨 1或地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨 2、 用于直升机组立法兰连接塔段的导轨 系统 3、 用于直升机组立单肢主材塔段的导轨系统 4和用于直升机组立横担端部的导轨系 统 5。
各所述导轨或导轨系统均包括导向部件, 该导向部件上设有倾斜的导向件, 从而形成 可使被吊塔段向基础或已就位塔段靠拢对接的导向结构。 在所述导向部件上设有连接结 构, 与相应塔段或基础连接, 或者与相应塔段或基础上连接的一连接部件连接。
与相应塔段连接的所述导向部件上的所述连接结构或所述连接部件上的连接结构均 为螺栓连接结构。
具体的, 用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔塔腿段的抱箍型基础导轨 1如图 4所示, 导向 部件为导向板 31, 与铁塔连接部件为抱箍 33, 还包括将导向板 31和抱箍 33连接起来的 导向板筋板 32, 另外, 还包括小筋板, 以上构件均由钢板制成, 彼此间使用焊接或螺栓联 接而成, 结构形式简单、 加工制造方便。
所述导向板 31 共两件, 连接在一起后可限制被吊塔腿段沿水平方向向就位基础的外 侧摆动, 从而为塔腿段的就位提供导向作用。 每件导向板 31包括倾斜板 37和垂直板 38 两部分, 所述两件导向板 31的垂直板 38成 90度连接, 所述两件导向板 31的倾斜板 37 向铁塔外侧倾斜。 倾斜板 37的倾斜角度和垂直高度、 垂直板 38的底边长可根据直升机驾 驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定, 上述参数取值越大, 对直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工 环境的要求也就越低。 铁塔基础里预埋有地脚螺栓, 铁塔的塔腿板坐于铁塔基础上, 其上 开的螺栓孔穿过地脚螺栓, 对地脚螺栓紧固后即可保证铁塔不会发生倾翻, 因此所述导向 板 31的垂直板 38的高度应大于地脚螺栓高出铁塔基础表面的长度, 以保证基础导轨能发 挥正常的导向作用。
所述导向板筋板 32焊接在每件所述导向板 31的后下部, 为导向板提供支撑。 所述导 向板 31和导向板筋板 32直接搁置在铁塔基础上, 与铁塔基础无紧固连接。
所述导向板筋板 32的下端连接有所述抱箍 33, 所述抱箍 33由四块钢板组成, 紧密包 裹在铁塔基础的四周, 从而可将所述导向板 31 受到的被吊塔腿段的撞击力传递至铁塔基 础。 所述四块抱箍板的两端均开有螺栓孔 35, 使抱箍板两两之间可用螺栓连接。 所述四块 抱箍板应具有足够的高度。所述高度小, 提供的强度和刚度小, 在撞击力的作用容易损坏。 具体高度要根据被吊塔段的大小、 重量、 就位时直升机的飞行稳定性等确定。
在所述导向板筋板 32和所述抱箍 33之间以及抱箍板两两之间均有小筋板, 其可提高 导轨的局部抗撞击能力。
根据结构形式和尺寸的具体数值, 导向板筋板 32和抱箍 33上均开有若干减重孔 36, 可以有效减轻导轨的整体重量, 方便运输和现场使用。
用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔塔腿段的地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨 2包括导向板 41、导 向板筋板 42和底板 43, 以上构件可由钢板制成, 彼此间使用焊接或螺栓联接, 结构形式 简单、 加工制造方便。
所述导向板 41 共两件, 连接在一起后可限制被吊塔腿段沿水平方向向就位基础外侧 的摆动, 从而为塔腿段的就位提供导向作用。 每件导向板 41包括倾斜板 46和垂直板 47 两部分, 所述两件导向板 41的垂直板 47成 90度连接, 所述两件导向板 41的倾斜板 46 向铁塔外侧倾斜。 倾斜板 46的倾斜角度和垂直高度、 垂直板 47的底边长可根据直升机驾 驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定。 所述导向板 41的垂直板 47的高度应大于铁塔与基础连 接用地脚螺栓高出铁塔基础表面的长度, 保证基础导轨正常发挥导向作用。
所述导向板筋板 42焊接在所述导向板 41的后下部, 为导向板提供支撑。 根据结构形 式和尺寸的具体数值, 导向板筋板 42上开有若干减重孔 44, 可以有效减轻基础导轨的整 体重量, 方便运输和现场使用。
所述导向板 41和导向板筋板 42均焊接在底板 43上。 通过底板 43上的螺栓孔 45可 将导轨与铁塔基础使用地脚螺栓连接, 从而可将导向板 41受到的撞击力传递给铁塔基础, 使基础导轨的整体结构可靠性高、 安全性好。
用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的法兰连接塔段用导轨系统 3包括导轨 51、 牛腿 52、 限位装置 53和定位装置 54四部分, 各部件均由角钢或钢板焊接而成, 结构形式简单、 加 工制造方便; 各构件间及构件与铁塔间使用螺栓联接, 安装、 拆除方便。
所述导轨 51通过螺栓与牛腿 52连接, 为被吊塔段的就位提供导向作用。所述导轨 51 由导杆 511、 导杆筋板 512、 小筋板 513和底板 514组成。 所述导杆 511包括倾斜杆 517 和垂直杆 518两部分, 可用角钢或钢板制成。 倾斜杆 517向铁塔内侧倾斜, 倾斜杆 517的 倾斜角度和长度可根据直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定。 所述导杆 511的垂直杆 518的后部焊有小筋板 513,可提高导轨局部的抗撞击能力。所述导杆 511的内下部焊有导 杆筋板 512, 为导杆 511提供支撑, 可提高导杆 511的刚度和强度。 导杆筋板 512与导杆 511均焊接在底板 514上。根据结构尺寸的具体数值,导杆筋板 512上开有若干减重孔 515, 可以有效减轻导轨的整体重量, 方便运输和现场使用。
所述牛腿 52包括水平连接板 521、 筋板 522和侧面连接板 523三部分。 所述导轨 51 的底板 514上的螺栓孔 516和牛腿 52的水平连接板 521上的螺栓孔 524使用螺栓连接。 所述牛腿 52通过侧面连接板 523上的螺栓孔 525与已就位塔段使用螺栓连接。 因此, 牛 腿 52可为导轨 51提供支撑, 将导轨 51受到的撞击力传递至已就位塔段。
所述限位装置 53通过其上的连接板安装在被吊塔段上, 其可沿导轨 51滑下, 为被吊 塔段的吊装就位提供限位。 所述限位装置 53包括展开翼 531、 连接板 532和筋板 533。 所 述展开翼 531共两件, 成 90度夹角焊接, 其宽度可根据直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工 环境确定。所述连接板 532共两件,两者平行地焊接在展开翼 531的尾部,两件连接板 532 间的空隙可插入法兰上焊接的肋板上, 通过螺栓孔 534与被吊塔段相连。 所述筋板 533焊 接在展开翼 531和连接板 532之间, 可提高展开翼的抗撞击性能。 所述展开翼 531上还开 有孔 535, 通过其安装限位绳, 从而可将被吊塔段四根主材上的四套该型导轨系统的展开 翼两两连接起来, 为被吊塔段提供更大范围内的限位作用。
所述定位装置 54包括上定位块 541和下定位块 544。其中所述上定位块 541通过螺栓 连接在被吊塔段上, 其上开有定位孔 542; 下定位块 544通过螺栓连接在已就位塔段上, 其上安装有定位销 543, 通过定位销 543穿入定位孔 542的限位作用, 可在吊装末端为上 下铁塔法兰提供精确定位。
用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔中单肢主材塔段的导轨系统 4包括导轨 61、 内牛腿 62、 限位装置 63和外牛腿 64四部分, 各部件可由角钢或钢板焊接而成, 结构形式简单、 加工 制造方便; 各构件间及构件与铁塔间使用螺栓联接, 安装、 拆除方便。
所述导轨 61安装在内牛腿 62上, 为被吊塔段的就位提供导向作用。 所述导轨 61包 括导杆 611、导杆筋板 612和底板 613。所述导杆 611包括倾斜杆 616和垂直杆 617两部分, 可用角钢或钢板制成。 倾斜杆 616向铁塔内侧倾斜。 倾斜杆 616的倾斜角度和长度可根据 直升机驾驶员的飞行技能和施工环境确定。 所述导杆 611的内下部焊有导杆筋板 612。 所 述导杆筋板 612为导杆 611提供支撑,可提高导杆 611的抗撞击强度和刚度。所述导杆 611 和导杆筋板 612两者均焊接在底板 613上。 根据结构尺寸的具体数值, 导杆筋板 612上开 有若干减重孔 614, 以减轻导轨重量, 方便运输和现场使用。
所述内牛腿 62包括水平连接板 621、 筋板 622和侧面连接板 623。 所述导轨 61的底 板 613上的螺栓孔 615和内牛腿 62的水平连接板 621上的螺栓孔 624使用螺栓连接。 所 述内牛腿 62通过侧面连接板 623上的螺栓孔 625与已就位塔段连接。 因此, 内牛腿 62可 为导轨 61提供支撑, 并将导轨 61受到的撞击力传递至已就位塔段。
所述限位装置 63通过其两件成 90度夹角的连接板 631与被吊塔段连接, 为被吊塔段 的就位提供限位。 所述限位装置 63包括连接板 631、 展开翼 632、 竖板 633、 筋板 634和 底板 635。 所述展开翼 632共两件, 成 90度夹角, 其宽度可根据直升机驾驶员的飞行技能 和施工环境确定。 所述竖板 633共两件, 焊接在连接板 631和展开翼 632的尾部。 所述筋 板 634有多件, 分别焊接在连接板 631、 展开翼 632和竖板 633之间, 可提高限位装置的 抗撞击能力。 所述展开翼 632上开有限位孔 637, 通过其安装限位绳, 可将被吊塔段四根 主材上安装的四套该型导轨系统的相邻两个展开翼连接起来, 为被吊塔段提供更大范围内 的限位作用。 所述底板 635焊接在展开翼 632和竖板 633底部, 就位后的被吊塔段通过底 板 635座于外牛腿 64上。
所述外牛腿 64包括托板 641、筋板 642和连接板 643。所述外牛腿 64通过连接板 643 上的螺栓孔 644与已就位塔段使用螺栓连接。 所述外牛腿 64为被吊塔段提供就位后的临 时支撑。
用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔中横担端部的导轨系统 5 包括导向装置 71、 挂钩装置 72、顶推装置 73和止挡装置 74四部分, 各部件可用角钢或钢板焊接而成, 结构形式简单、 加工制造方便; 各构件与铁塔横担间使用螺栓连接, 安装、 拆除方便。
所述导向装置 71安装在已就位横担的上主材上; 所述挂钩装置 72安装在被吊横担的 上主材上; 所述顶推装置 73安装在已就位横担的下主材上; 所述止挡装置 74安装在被吊 横担的下主材上。就位时,所述挂钩装置 72的挂钩杆 721钩住所述导向装置 71的横杆 712, 从而可拉住被吊横担; 而所述顶推装置 73的顶杆 731顶紧所述止挡装置 74的挡板 741, 从而可阻止被吊横担绕导向装置 71 的横杆 712的转动。 通过上部的牵拉和下部的止挡, 即可将被吊横担准确定位于安装位置。
为实现上述目的, 所述导向装置 71包括导向板 711、横杆 712、底板 713、连接板 714 及加筋板。 所述导向板 711共两件, 相对布置, 其间有一定距离。 导向板 711的上部斜向 外侧开有一定角度的坡口, 两件导向板 711共同构成一个上部开口大、 下部开口小的限位 槽, 从而可为挂钩装置 72的挂钩杆 721的就位提供导向作用。 所述横杆 712水平焊接在 导向板 711上。所述导向板 711焊接在所述底板 713上,底板 713则焊接在所述连接板 714 上。 在局部位置焊接有补强加筋板。 所述挂钩装置 72则包括挂钩杆 721、 支撑板 722、 底 板 723、 连接板 724及加筋板。 所述挂钩杆 721的中后部为直杆, 前部为弓形挂钩。 所述 支撑板 722和底板 723实现挂钩杆 721与连接板 724的连接。
所述顶推装置 73包括顶杆 731、 支撑板 732、 底板 733、 连接板 734及加筋板。 所述 顶杆 731为直杆。 所述顶杆 731和连接板 734通过支撑板 732和底板 733连接。 所述止挡 装置 74包括挡板 741、 支撑板 742、 底板 743、 连接板 744及加筋板。 所述挡板 741为平 板。 所述支撑板 742和底板 743实现挡板 741与连接板 744的连接。
此处已经根据特定的示例性实施例对本发明进行了描述。 对本领域的技术人员来说在 不脱离本发明的范围下进行适当的替换或修改将是显而易见的。 示例性的实施例仅仅是例 证性的, 而不是对本发明的范围的限制, 本发明的范围由所附的权利要求定义。
本发明的用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的系列导轨具有如下有益效果:
(1) 该系列导轨中各部件的结构形式简单、 加工制造方便。
(2) 该系列导轨中各部件与铁塔均使用螺栓联接, 安装、 拆除方便。
(3) 该系列导轨可用于输电线路铁塔中各种主材形式、 各种连接方式塔段的直升机组立施 工, 适用范围广。
使用本发明的系列导轨, 可保证直升机组立输电线路铁塔中各塔段的安全、 准确、 自 动、 可靠, 能够满足各种大型、 重型铁塔中各种塔段 (包括双肢主材塔段和钢管塔) 的直 升机组立施工, 具有很好的经济效益和社会效益。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 包括: 用于直升机 组立铁塔塔腿段的基础导轨、用于直升机组立塔身段的导轨系统和 /或用于直升机组立横担 端部的导轨系统 (5);
各所述导轨或导轨系统均包括导向部件, 该导向部件上设有倾斜的导向件, 从而形成 可使被吊塔段向基础或已就位塔段靠拢对接的导向结构; 在所述导向部件上设有连接结 构, 与相应塔段或基础连接, 或者与相应塔段或基础上连接的一连接部件连接。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于:
所述用于直升机组立铁塔塔腿段的基础导轨为抱箍型基础导轨 (1 ), 其中所述连接部 件为一方环状抱箍 (33 ), 在该抱箍 (33) 上连接所述导向部件; 所述抱箍 (33 ) 与基础 连接, 使得所述导向部件固定在基础上; 或者, 所述基础导轨为地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨 (2), 其中所述连接部件为一底板, 所述底板上连接所述导向部件, 在所述底板上设有与 基础连接的连接螺栓孔。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 用于直升机组立塔身段的导轨系 统为组立输电线路铁塔中法兰连接塔段用导轨系统(3),其中的所述导向部件为导轨(51 ), 所述导轨 (51 ) 连接在一所述连接部件即牛腿 (52) 上, 该牛腿 (52) 上设有与已就位塔 段的法兰盘下面的塔身连接的所述连接结构, 且使得所述导轨位于法兰盘的上方且向塔身 内侧倾斜; 还包括限位装置 (53), 所述限位装置包括与所述导轨匹配的展开翼; 所述法 兰连接塔段用导轨系统 (3 ) 还包括定位装置 (54), 其包括一上定位块 (541 ) 和一下定 位块 (544), 所述上定位块上设有与被吊塔段连接的连接板, 所述下定位块上设有与已就 位塔段连接的连接板, 所述定位装置布置在塔身外侧; 在所述上定位块上设定位销孔, 安 装在下定位块上的定位销 (543) 可穿入该定位销孔。
4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 用于直升机组立塔身段的所述导 轨系统为直升机组立单肢主材塔段用导轨系统 (4), 所述导向部件为导轨 (61 ), 所述导 轨 (61 ) 连接在一所述连接部件即内牛腿 (62) 上, 该内牛腿 (62) 上设有与已就位塔段 连接的所述连接结构, 且使得所述导轨位于已就位塔段的上方且向塔身内侧倾斜; 还包括 限位装置 (63), 所述限位装置包括与所述导轨匹配的起限位作用的展开翼, 该展开翼上 设有与被吊塔段连接的所述连接结构, 其使得所述展开翼向塔身内侧伸出; 还包括一外牛 腿 (64), 其上设有与已就位塔段连接且使得所述外牛腿位于塔身外侧的连接结构。
5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 用于直升机组立输电线路铁塔中 横担端部用导轨系统 (5) 由导向装置 (71 )、 挂钩装置 (72)、 顶推装置 (73 ) 和止挡装 置 (74) 四部分组成; 所述导向装置包括一所述导向部件, 其为一大口朝上的 V字形导向 结构, 在该导向结构的下端设置一横杆, 该导向装置上设有与已就位的横担上部主材连接 的连接结构; 所述挂钩装置包括一端部带有挂钩的挂钩杆 (721 ), 其上的挂钩与所述导向 装置中的所述横杆钩挂匹配形成钩挂结构, 所述挂钩杆上设有与被吊横担下部主材连接的 连接结构; 所述顶推装置包括一顶推杆, 其上设有与已就位的横担下部主材连接的连接结 构; 所述止挡装置包括一与所述顶推装置的顶推杆匹配的挡板, 其上设有与被吊横担下部 主材连接的连接结构。
6、 根据权利要求 2至 5之一所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 与相应塔段连接的所述 导向部件上的所述连接结构或所述连接部件上的连接结构均为螺栓连接结构。
7、 根据权利要求 2所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 在所述抱箍型基础导轨 (1 ) 中, 所述导向部件为导向板 (31 ), 还包括将所述导向板 (31 ) 和所述抱箍 (33) 连接起来的 导向板筋板 (32), 所述导向板 (31 ) 共两件, 每件包括倾斜板 (37 ) 和垂直板 (38 ) 两 部分, 两件所述导向板 (31 ) 中的所述垂直板 (38) 成 90度连接在一起, 两件所述导向 板 (31 ) 中的所述倾斜板 (37) 向铁塔外侧倾斜; 每件所述导向板 (31 ) 的后下部均焊接 有所述导向板筋板(32);所述导向板筋板(32)的下端连接所述抱箍(33);所述抱箍(33) 由四块钢板组成, 其连接成封闭的方环状抱箍, 以便于紧密包裹在一个铁塔基础的四周。
8、 根据权利要求 7 所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 所述导向板 (31 ) 中的所述垂直 板 (38) 的高度大于塔腿段与基础连接用地腿螺栓伸出铁塔基础表面的长度; 和 /或, 所述导向板 (31 ) 和导向板筋板 (32)直接搁置在铁塔基础上; 和 /或,
所述四块抱箍板的两端均开有螺栓孔 (35), 使抱箍板两两之间用螺栓连接形成矩形截 面的抱箍, 所述导向部件设于其中一个边角上, 连接在该边角的两抱箍板上。
9、 根据权利要求 2所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 在所述地脚螺栓连接型基础导轨 (2) 中, 所述导向部件为导向板 (41 ), 与基础连接的所述连接部件为底板 (43), 还包 括将所述导向板(41 )和所述底板(43)连接起来的导向板筋板(42); 所述导向板(41 ) 共两件, 每件包括倾斜板 (46) 和垂直板 (47 ) 两部分, 两件所述导向板 (41 ) 中的所 述垂直板 (47) 成 90度连接在一起, 两件所述导向板 (41 ) 中的所述倾斜板 (46) 向铁 塔外侧倾斜, 形成所述导向结构; 每件所述导向板 (41 ) 的后下部均焊接有导向板筋板
(42); 所述导向板 (41 ) 和所述导向板筋板 (42) 焊接在所述底板 (43) 上, 所述底板
(43) 上开有螺栓孔 (45) 构成所述连接结构, 用于与铁塔基础上的地脚螺栓连接。
10、根据权利要求 9所述的系列导轨,其特征在于:所述导向板(41 )中的垂直板(47) 的高度大于塔腿段与基础连接用地腿螺栓伸出铁塔基础表面的长度。
11、 根据权利要求 3所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 所述导轨 (51)包括导杆 (511)、 导 杆筋板 (512)和底板 (514); 所述导杆 (511) 包括倾斜杆 (517) 和垂直杆 (518) 两部分, 所述倾斜杆 (517) 向铁塔内侧倾斜; 所述导杆 (511) 的内下部焊有导杆筋板 (512), 所 述导杆 (511) 和所述导杆筋板 (512) 均焊接在底板 (514) 上;
所述牛腿 (52) 包括水平连接板 (521)、 筋板 (522) 和侧面连接板 (523), 所述水 平连接板 (521) 和所述侧面连接板 (523) 固联, 在所述水平连接板 (521) 和所述侧面 连接板 (523) 之间固联所述筋板 (522); 所述导轨 (51) 的所述底板 (514) 上的螺栓孔
(516) 和所述牛腿 (52) 的所述水平连接板 (521) 上的螺栓孔 (524) 使用螺栓连接; 所述牛腿 (52) 通过所述侧面连接板 (523) 上的螺栓孔 (525) 与已就位塔段使用螺栓连 接;
所述限位装置(53)包括展开翼 (531)和连接板(532); 所述展开翼 (531)共两件, 成 90度夹角焊接在一起,所述连接板(532)共两件, 两者平行地焊接在所述展开翼(531) 的尾部, 两件所述连接板 (532) 间的空隙大小为可插入铁塔塔段连接法兰上焊接的肋板 上, 该连接板 (532) 上设螺栓孔 (534), 通过该螺栓孔 (534) 与被吊塔段相连。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 所述限位装置(53)还包括筋板 (533), 所述筋板 (533) 焊接在所述展开翼 (531) 和所述连接板 (532) 之间; 或者, 所述展开翼 (531) 上开有孔 (535); 通过在所述展开翼上的开孔 (535) 安装限位绳; 和 /或,
所述定位装置 (54) 包括上定位块 (541)、 下定位块 (544) 和定位销 (543), 在所 述上定位块 (541) 和下定位块 (544) 上设有螺栓孔, 使得所述上定位块 (541) 通过螺 栓连接在被吊塔段上, 下定位块 (544) 通过螺栓连接在已就位塔段上, 在所述下定位块 (544)上安装有所述定位销(543)、所述上定位块(541)的对应位置上开有定位孔(542) 可使所述定位销 (543) 穿入。
13、 根据权利要求 4所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 所述导轨(61)包括导杆(611)、 导杆筋板 (612) 和底板 (613), 所述导杆 (611) 包括倾斜杆 (616) 和垂直杆 (617) 两 部分,该倾斜杆和垂直杆固联在一起,所述倾斜杆(616)向铁塔内侧倾斜;所述导杆(611) 的内下部焊有所述导杆筋板 (612), 所述导杆 (611) 和所述导杆筋板 (612) 两者均焊接 在所述底板 (613) 上;
所述内牛腿 (62) 包括水平连接板 (621)、 筋板 (622) 和侧面连接板 (623), 所述 水平连接板 (621) 与所述侧面连接板 (623) 固联, 在所述水平连接板 (621) 和所述侧 面连接板 (623) 之间固联所述筋板 (622); 所述导轨 (61) 的所述底板 (613) 上的螺栓 孔 (615) 和所述内牛腿 (62) 的所述水平连接板 (621) 上的螺栓孔 (624) 使用螺栓连 接, 所述内牛腿 (62) 通过所述侧面连接板 (623) 上的螺栓孔 (625) 与已就位塔段使用 螺栓连接;
所述限位装置 (63), 其包括连接板(631 )、 展开翼 (632)、 竖板(633)、 筋板(634) 和底板(635);所述连接板(631 )共两件,成 90度夹角焊接在一起,其上设螺栓孔(636), 通过螺栓孔 (636) 与被吊塔段连接; 所述竖板 (633) 共两件, 焊接在连接板 (631 ) 和 展开翼 (632) 的尾部; 所述底板 (635) 焊接在所述展开翼 (632) 和所述竖板 (633) 底 部; 所述筋板 (634) 有多件, 分别焊接在连接板 (631 )、 展开翼 (632) 和竖板 (633 ) 之间; 所述展开翼 (632) 上开有限位孔 (637 ), 通过其安装限位绳, 从而可将安装在被 吊塔段四根主材上的四组该型导轨系统的相邻两个展开翼连接起来;
所述外牛腿 (64) 包括托板 (641 )、 筋板 (642) 和连接板 (643); 所述托板 (641 ) 和所述连接板 (643) 固联, 所述筋板 (642) 固定在所述托板和所述连接板之间; 所述外 牛腿 (64) 通过所述连接板 (643) 上的螺栓孔 (644) 与已就位塔段使用螺栓连接。
14、 根据权利要求 5所述的系列导轨, 其特征在于: 所述导向装置 (71 ) 包括导向板 (711 )、 横杆(712)、 底板 (713)、 连接板(714)及加筋板; 所述导向板 (711 )共两件, 相对布置, 其间有一定距离; 该导向板(711 ) 的上部斜向外侧开有一定角度的坡口, 两件 导向板 (711 ) 共同构成一个上部开口大、 下部开口小的限位槽, 所述横杆 (712) 水平焊 接在导向板 (711 ) 上; 所述导向板 (711 ) 焊接在所述底板 (713 ) 上, 底板 (713) 则焊 接在所述连接板(714)上;所述连接板(714)上开有螺栓孔,使用螺栓可将限位装置(71 ) 安装在已就位横担的上主材上;
所述挂钩装置 (72) 包括挂钩杆 (721 )、 支撑板 (722)、 底板 (723)、 连接板 (724) 及加筋板, 所述挂钩杆 (721 ) 的中后部为直杆, 前部为弓形挂钩; 所述连接板 (724) 上 开有螺栓孔, 使用螺栓可实现挂钩装置 (72) 与被吊横担端部上主材的连接; 所述支撑板 (722) 和底板 (723) 实现挂钩杆 (721 ) 与连接板 (724) 的连接;
所述顶推装置 (73) 包括顶杆 (731 )、 支撑板 (732)、 底板 (733 )、 连接板 (734) 及加筋板; 所述顶杆 (731 ) 为直杆; 所述连接板 (734) 上开有螺栓孔, 使用螺栓可将顶 推装置 (73) 安装在已就位横担的下主材上; 所述支撑板 (732) 和所述底板 (733) 实现 顶杆 (731 ) 与连接板 (734) 的连接;
所述止挡装置 (74) 包括挡板 (741 )、 支撑板 (742)、 底板 (743 )、 连接板 (744) 及加筋板; 所述挡板 (741 ) 为平板; 所述连接板 (744) 上开有螺栓孔, 使用螺栓可将止 挡装置 (74) 安装在被吊横担端部的下主材上; 所述支撑板 (742) 和底板 (743) 实现挡 板 (741 ) 与连接板 (744) 的连接。
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