WO2012081205A1 - 発電システム及びその運転方法 - Google Patents
発電システム及びその運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012081205A1 WO2012081205A1 PCT/JP2011/006867 JP2011006867W WO2012081205A1 WO 2012081205 A1 WO2012081205 A1 WO 2012081205A1 JP 2011006867 W JP2011006867 W JP 2011006867W WO 2012081205 A1 WO2012081205 A1 WO 2012081205A1
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power generation system that supplies heat and electricity and a method for operating the power generation system, and more particularly to a structure of the power generation system.
- the cogeneration system is a system that covers the hot water supply load of the consumer by supplying the generated power to the consumer to cover the power load, and recovering and storing the exhaust heat generated by the power generation.
- a cogeneration system in which a fuel cell and a water heater operate with the same fuel is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the power generation device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a fuel cell power generation device that is used by being installed inside a building having an air inlet, and air that guides air inside the building to the inside of the fuel cell power generation device It has an inlet, an air exhaust pipe that exhausts the air inside the fuel cell power generator to the outside of the building, and a ventilation means.
- the ventilation means guides the air outside the building to the inside of the building through the air inlet. The air is further introduced into the fuel cell power generator through the air inlet, and is further discharged outside the building through the air discharge pipe.
- a power generation device having a duct extending in the vertical direction for the purpose of improving the exhaust performance of exhaust gas generated by a fuel cell arranged in a building (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- a duct extending in the vertical direction inside the building and having an upper end located outside is a double pipe, and exhaust gas or air individually circulates inside or outside the duct.
- the ventilation pipe and the exhaust pipe are respectively connected to the duct.
- the present invention provides a highly durable power generation system and a method for operating the power generation system that can stably generate power when the exhaust passage that communicates the fuel cell system and the combustion device is provided.
- the purpose is to do.
- a power generation system includes a fuel cell that generates power using fuel gas and an oxidant gas, and a fuel cell system that includes a casing that houses the fuel cell.
- the power generation system including the ventilator and the control device, the power generation system is provided so as to communicate the combustion device, the casing, and the exhaust port of the combustion device, and is discharged from the fuel cell system.
- an exhaust passage configured to exhaust the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device to the atmosphere through an opening to the atmosphere
- the ventilator is configured to discharge the gas in the casing to the atmosphere.
- the controller is configured to ventilate the inside of the casing by discharging to the discharge channel, and the control device is configured to operate the ventilator while power generation is stopped in the fuel cell system and the combustion device is operating. It is controlled to be.
- the combustion device is in operation means not only the state in which the combustion device is operating and exhausting exhaust gas from the combustion device to the exhaust passage, but also the operation of the combustion device is started, It includes a state in which exhaust gas starts to be exhausted into the exhaust flow path.
- the power generation stoppage of the fuel cell system means a state before starting the fuel cell start operation and after stopping the fuel cell stop operation. For this reason, when the power generation of the fuel cell system is stopped, a power generation standby state in which a part of the auxiliary devices of the fuel cell system is operated and stands by is included.
- control device may control the ventilator to operate when the combustion device is operated while power generation is stopped in the fuel cell system.
- control device may control the ventilator to operate when an operation signal of the combustion device is input.
- control device may control to start the operation of the ventilator and then start the operation of the combustion device.
- control device controls the ventilator to operate when the discharge of the exhaust gas from the combustion device is detected during the power generation stop of the fuel cell system. Also good.
- the power generation system further includes a first temperature detector provided in at least one of the discharge flow path and the housing, and the control device is detected by the first temperature detector.
- the ventilator may be controlled to operate when the temperature is higher than the first temperature.
- an air supply channel that is provided in an air supply port of the housing and supplies air to the fuel cell system from an opening to the atmosphere, the air supply channel, and the discharge channel
- a first temperature detector provided in at least one of the casings, and the control device detects a difference in temperature detected by the first temperature detector before and after a predetermined time.
- the ventilator may be controlled to operate.
- the power generation system further includes a pressure detector that detects a pressure in the discharge flow path, and the control device has a pressure detected by the pressure detector higher than a first pressure,
- the ventilator may be controlled to operate.
- the power generation system further includes a flow rate detector that detects a flow rate of the gas flowing in the discharge flow path, and the control device detects the flow rate detected by the flow rate detector from the first flow rate.
- the ventilator may be controlled to operate.
- the combustion device has a combustion air supply device configured to supply combustion air
- the control device is configured such that the static pressure of the ventilator is the combustion air supply.
- the ventilator may be controlled to be larger than the discharge pressure of the ventilator.
- the casing and the intake port of the combustion device are provided so as to communicate with each other, and air is supplied to each of the fuel cell system and the combustion device from the opening to the atmosphere.
- An air supply channel configured to supply may further be provided, and the air supply channel may be provided so as to be able to exchange heat with the exhaust channel.
- the power generation system further includes a second temperature detector provided in the supply air flow path, and the control device detects a temperature detected by the second temperature detector from a second temperature. If it is high, the ventilator may be controlled to operate.
- the power generation system further includes a second temperature detector provided in the air supply flow path, and the control device detects a difference in temperature detected by the second temperature detector before and after a predetermined time.
- the ventilator may be controlled to operate.
- the fuel cell system may further include a hydrogen generator having a reformer that generates a hydrogen-containing gas from the raw material and water vapor.
- an operation method of a power generation system includes a fuel cell that generates power using fuel gas and an oxidant gas, a housing that houses the fuel cell, and a ventilator.
- a power generation system comprising: a combustion device; and an exhaust gas exhausted from the fuel cell system, provided to communicate the combustion device, the casing and an exhaust port of the combustion device.
- a discharge passage configured to discharge the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device to the atmosphere through an opening to the atmosphere, and the ventilator supplies the gas in the housing to the discharge passage.
- the power generation system of the present invention it is possible to suppress a decrease in oxygen concentration in the housing while the fuel cell system stops generating power and the combustion apparatus is operating. For this reason, the power generation of the fuel cell can be performed stably, and the durability of the power generation system can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system according to the first modification example in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system according to the second modification example in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of the power generation system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 3 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of Modification 3 in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of Modification 3 in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 4 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of Modification 4 in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 5 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of Modification 5 in Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the power generation system includes a fuel cell system including a fuel cell, a casing, and a ventilator, a control device, a combustion device, and an exhaust passage.
- the control device exemplifies a mode in which the ventilator is controlled to operate while power generation is stopped in the fuel cell system and exhaust gas is exhausted from the combustion device to the exhaust passage.
- the combustion device is in operation means not only the state in which the combustion device is operating and exhausting exhaust gas from the combustion device to the exhaust passage, but also the operation of the combustion device is started, It includes a state in which exhaust gas starts to be exhausted into the exhaust flow path.
- the power generation stoppage of the fuel cell system means a state before starting the fuel cell start operation and after stopping the fuel cell stop operation. For this reason, when the power generation of the fuel cell system is stopped, a power generation standby state in which a part of the auxiliary devices of the fuel cell system is operated and stands by is included.
- the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 only needs to be configured such that the ventilator operates while the power generation of the fuel cell system is stopped and the combustion device is operating.
- the configuration may be such that the ventilator operates.
- the ventilator may be configured to operate not only when the power generation of the fuel cell system is stopped but also during a power generation operation and while the combustion device is operating.
- exhaust gas for example, off-oxidant gas
- the exhaust gas is not discharged from the fuel cell system when power generation is stopped, the exhaust gas of the combustion device may flow back to the fuel cell system side unless the ventilator is operated. .
- the control device controls the ventilator to operate while the power generation of the fuel cell system is stopped and the combustion device is operating. Can be prevented from flowing backward to the fuel cell system side.
- the ventilator be operated substantially continuously in order to supply combustible gas into the fuel cell system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the power generation system 100 As shown in FIG. 1, the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is disposed inside a building 200.
- the power generation system 100 includes a fuel cell system 101 having a fuel cell 11 and a housing 12, a ventilation fan 13, a control device 102, a combustion device 103, and an exhaust passage 70.
- the exhaust passage 70 is provided so as to communicate the housing 12 of the fuel cell system 101 and the exhaust port 103A of the combustion device 103.
- the control device 102 causes the ventilation fan 13 to operate while the power generation of the fuel cell system 101 is stopped and the combustion device 103 is operating (exhaust gas is being exhausted from the combustion device 103 into the exhaust passage 70). To control.
- the power generation system 100 exemplifies a configuration arranged inside the building 200.
- the configuration is not limited to this, and the discharge channel 70 is connected to the housing 12 of the fuel cell system 101. As long as it is provided so as to communicate with the exhaust port 103 ⁇ / b> A of the combustion device 103, a configuration arranged outside the building 200 may be adopted.
- a fuel cell 11, a ventilation fan 13, a fuel gas supply device 14, and an oxidant gas supply device 15 are arranged in the casing 12 of the fuel cell system 101.
- the control device 102 is also arranged in the housing 12.
- the control device 102 is arranged in the casing 12 of the fuel cell system 101.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the control device 102 is arranged in the combustion device 103.
- a configuration in which the casing 12 and the combustion device 103 are arranged separately may be employed.
- a hole 16 penetrating in the thickness direction of the wall is provided at an appropriate position of the wall constituting the housing 12, and the pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 has a gap in the hole 16, It is inserted.
- the gap between the hole 16 and the discharge flow path 70 constitutes the air supply port 16. Thereby, air outside the power generation system 100 is supplied into the housing 12 through the air supply port 16.
- the hole through which the pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 is inserted and the hole constituting the air supply port 16 are configured by one hole 16, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the housing 12 may be provided with a hole through which the pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 is inserted and a hole constituting the air supply port 16 separately.
- the air supply port 16 may be configured by one hole in the housing 12 or may be configured by a plurality of holes.
- the fuel gas supply unit 14 may have any configuration as long as it can supply the fuel gas (hydrogen gas) to the fuel cell 11 while adjusting the flow rate thereof, for example, a hydrogen generator, a hydrogen cylinder, You may be comprised with the apparatus comprised so that hydrogen gas, such as a hydrogen storage alloy, might be supplied.
- a fuel cell 11 (more precisely, the inlet of the fuel gas channel 11A of the fuel cell 11) is connected to the fuel gas supplier 14 via a fuel gas supply channel 71.
- the oxidant gas supply unit 15 may have any configuration as long as the oxidant gas (air) can be supplied to the fuel cell 11 while adjusting the flow rate thereof.
- fans such as fans and blowers It may be comprised.
- the oxidant gas supply unit 15 is connected to the fuel cell 11 (more precisely, the inlet of the oxidant gas channel 11B of the fuel cell 11) via the oxidant gas supply channel 72.
- the fuel cell 11 has an anode and a cathode (both not shown).
- the fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas channel 11A is supplied to the anode while flowing through the fuel gas channel 11A.
- the oxidant gas supplied to the oxidant gas flow channel 11B is supplied to the cathode while flowing through the oxidant gas flow channel 11B.
- the fuel gas supplied to the anode and the oxidant gas supplied to the cathode react to generate electricity and heat.
- the generated electricity is supplied to an external power load (for example, home electrical equipment) by a power regulator (not shown).
- the generated heat is recovered by a heat medium flowing through a heat medium flow path (not shown).
- the heat recovered by the heat medium can be used, for example, to heat water.
- the fuel cell 11 includes various fuels such as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a direct internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell, and an indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell.
- a battery can be used.
- the fuel cell 11 and the fuel gas supply unit 14 are separately configured. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the fuel gas supply unit 14 is not limited to this. And the fuel cell 11 may be configured integrally. In this case, the fuel cell 11 and the fuel gas supply device 14 are configured as one unit covered with a common heat insulating material, and the combustor 14b described later heats not only the reformer 14a but also the fuel cell 11. Can do.
- the anode of the fuel cell 11 since the anode of the fuel cell 11 has the function of the reformer 14a, the anode of the fuel cell 11 and the reformer 14a are integrally formed. May be. Furthermore, since the structure of the fuel cell 11 is the same as that of a general fuel cell, its detailed description is omitted.
- the upstream end of the off-fuel gas channel 73 is connected to the outlet of the fuel gas channel 11A.
- the downstream end of the off fuel gas channel 73 is connected to the discharge channel 70.
- the upstream end of the off-oxidant gas channel 74 is connected to the outlet of the oxidant gas channel 11B.
- the downstream end of the off-oxidant gas channel 74 is connected to the discharge channel 70.
- off fuel gas the fuel gas that has not been used in the fuel cell 11
- the oxidant gas hereinafter referred to as off-oxidant gas
- off-oxidant gas the oxidant gas that has not been used in the fuel cell 11
- the off-fuel gas discharged to the discharge channel 70 is diluted with the off-oxidant gas and discharged outside the building 200.
- the ventilation fan 13 is connected to the discharge channel 70 through the ventilation channel 75.
- the ventilation fan 13 may have any configuration as long as the inside of the housing 12 can be ventilated.
- air outside the power generation system 100 is supplied into the housing 12 from the air supply port 16, and the ventilation fan 13 is operated, whereby the gas (mainly air) in the housing 12 is changed into the ventilation flow path 75 and It is discharged out of the building 200 through the discharge channel 70 and the inside of the housing 12 is ventilated.
- a fan is used as a ventilator.
- the ventilation fan 13 is configured to be disposed in the housing 12, but is not limited thereto.
- the ventilation fan 13 may be configured to be disposed in the discharge channel 70. In this case, the ventilation fan 13 is preferably provided on the upstream side of the branch portion of the discharge flow path 70.
- the off-fuel gas, the off-oxidant gas, and the gas in the housing 12 due to the operation of the ventilation fan 13 are the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell system 101.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell system 101 is not limited to these gases.
- the fuel gas supply device 14 is configured by a hydrogen generation device, the gas discharged from the hydrogen generation device ( Combustion exhaust gas, hydrogen-containing gas, etc.).
- the combustion device 103 includes a combustor 17 and a combustion fan (combustion air supply device) 18.
- the combustor 17 and the combustion fan 18 are connected via a combustion air supply passage 76.
- the combustion fan 18 may have any configuration as long as it can supply combustion air to the combustor 17.
- the combustion fan 18 may be configured by fans such as a fan and a blower.
- Combustion fuel such as combustible gas such as natural gas or liquid fuel such as kerosene is supplied to the combustor 17 from a combustion fuel supply unit (not shown).
- a combustion fuel supply unit not shown
- the combustion air supplied from the combustion fan 18 and the combustion fuel supplied from the combustion fuel supplier are burned to generate heat, and combustion exhaust gas is generated.
- the generated heat can be used to heat water. That is, the combustion device 103 may be used as a boiler.
- the upstream end of the exhaust gas passage 77 is connected to the combustor 17, and the downstream end of the exhaust gas passage 77 is connected to the exhaust passage 70.
- the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 17 is discharged to the discharge passage 70 via the exhaust gas passage 77. That is, the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 17 is discharged to the discharge passage 70 as the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103.
- the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the discharge flow path 70 flows through the discharge flow path 70 and is discharged outside the building 200.
- a hole 19 penetrating in the thickness direction of the wall is provided at an appropriate position of the wall constituting the combustion device 103, and the pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 has a gap in the hole 19, It is inserted.
- the gap between the hole 19 and the discharge channel 70 constitutes the air supply port 19. Thereby, the air outside the power generation system 100 is supplied into the combustion device 103 through the air supply port 19.
- the discharge flow path 70 is branched, and the two upstream ends are connected to the holes 16 and 19 respectively. Further, the discharge channel 70 is formed so as to extend to the outside of the building 200, and its downstream end (opening) is open to the atmosphere. Thereby, the exhaust flow path 70 communicates the housing 12 and the exhaust port 103 ⁇ / b> A of the combustion device 103.
- the hole through which the pipe constituting the discharge flow path 70 is inserted and the hole constituting the air supply port 19 are configured by one hole 19, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the combustion apparatus 103 may be provided with a hole through which the pipe constituting the discharge passage 70 is inserted (connected) and a hole constituting the air supply port 19 separately.
- the air supply port 19 may be configured by a single hole in the combustion device 103 or may be configured by a plurality of holes.
- the control device 102 may be in any form as long as it is a device that controls each device constituting the power generation system 100.
- the control device 102 includes an arithmetic processing unit exemplified by a microprocessor, a CPU, and the like, and a storage unit configured by a memory or the like that stores a program for executing each control operation. Then, in the control device 102, the arithmetic processing unit reads out a predetermined control program stored in the storage unit and executes the predetermined control program, thereby processing the information, and the power generation system 100 including these controls. Perform various controls.
- control apparatus 102 may be configured not only with a single control apparatus but also with a control apparatus group in which a plurality of control apparatuses cooperate to execute control of the power generation system 100. Absent. Moreover, the control apparatus 102 may be comprised by the micro control, and may be comprised by MPU, PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a logic circuit, etc.
- the operation of the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the power generation operation in the fuel cell system 101 of the power generation system 100 is performed in the same manner as the power generation operation of a general fuel cell system, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the control device 102 is configured as one control device, and the control device is described as controlling each device constituting the power generation system 100.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system according to the first embodiment.
- the control device 102 confirms whether or not the fuel cell 11 is stopping power generation (step S ⁇ b> 101).
- the control device 102 repeats Step S101 until the fuel cell 11 is in the power generation stop.
- the control device 102 proceeds to step S102.
- step S102 the control device 102 checks whether or not an operation command for the combustion device 103 has been input.
- an operation command for the combustion apparatus 103 for example, when a user of the power generation system 100 instructs to operate the combustion apparatus 103 by operating a remote controller (not shown), or the operation of the combustion apparatus 103 set in advance is started. For example, when the time is reached.
- Step S102 When the operation command for the combustion device 103 is not input (No in Step S102), the control device 102 repeats Step S102 until the operation command for the combustion device 103 is input. In this case, the control device 102 may return to step S101 and repeat step S101 and step S102 until the fuel cell 11 is stopped in power generation and an operation command for the combustion device 103 is input.
- Step S102 when the operation command for the combustion device 103 is input (Yes in Step S102), the control device 102 proceeds to Step S103.
- the control device 102 operates the ventilation fan 13.
- the control device 102 controls the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 to operate at a predetermined pressure or higher so that the exhaust gas does not flow into the housing 12.
- the predetermined pressure refers to a pressure that can suppress the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device to the discharge flow path into the casing of the fuel cell system. It is arbitrarily set depending on the area, the combustion capacity of the combustion device, and the like. In this case, it is preferable that the control device 102 controls the ventilation fan 13 so that the static pressure of the ventilation fan 13 is larger than the discharge pressure of the combustion fan 18.
- control device 102 operates the combustion device 103 (step S104).
- combustion air is supplied to the combustor 17 from the combustion fan 18, and combustion fuel is supplied from a combustion fuel supply device (not shown).
- combustion fuel supply device not shown.
- combustion exhaust gas is produced
- Combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion device 103 (exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103) flows through the discharge flow path 70 and is discharged outside the building 200. At this time, a part of the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 70 may flow into the housing 12 through the off-fuel gas passage 73, the off-oxidant gas passage 74 and the ventilation passage 75. is there. However, in the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment, since the ventilation fan 13 operates at a predetermined pressure or higher, the inflow of combustion exhaust gas into the housing 12 is suppressed.
- the operation of the ventilation fan 13 is performed before the operation of the combustion device 103.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the operation of the ventilation fan 13 and the operation of the combustion device 103 are not limited thereto. May be performed simultaneously. Further, the operation of the ventilation fan 13 may be performed after the operation of the combustion device 103.
- a part of the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the discharge flow path 70 may flow into the housing 12 via the off fuel gas flow path 73, the off oxidant gas flow path 74, and the ventilation flow path 75.
- the ventilation fan 13 operates, further inflow of the combustion exhaust gas into the housing 12 can be suppressed. Further, the combustion exhaust gas flowing into the housing 12 can be discharged out of the housing 12 by the ventilation fan 13 operating.
- the exhaust gas from the combustion device 103 when the fuel cell system 101 stops the power generation and the exhaust gas from the combustion device 103 is exhausted into the exhaust flow path 70, The exhaust gas can be prevented from flowing into the housing 12. Further, even if the exhaust gas from the combustion device 103 flows into the housing 12, the exhaust gas that has flowed in can be discharged out of the housing 12 by operating the ventilation fan 13.
- the power generation system 100 it is possible to suppress a decrease in the oxygen concentration in the housing 12, to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 11, and to improve the durability of the power generation system 100. Can be improved.
- the combustion device 103 if such a desulfurizer for desulfurizing a sulfur compound contained in natural gas or the like is not provided, the combustion device 103 by performing the combustion operation, SO x is generated. Then, when the generated SO x flows into the housing 12 via the discharge flow path 70 and is supplied to the cathode of the fuel cell 11, there is a risk of accelerating the poisoning of the catalyst contained in the cathode. .
- SO x is fuel. Supply to the cathode of the battery 11 can be suppressed. Further, even if SO x flows into the housing 12, the SO x can be discharged out of the housing 12 by operating the ventilation fan 13.
- poisoning of the cathode of the fuel cell 11 can be suppressed, a decrease in power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 11 can be suppressed, and the durability of the power generation system 100 can be improved. Can be improved.
- the exhaust passage 70, the off-fuel gas passage 73, the off-oxidant gas passage 74, and the exhaust gas passage 77 have been described as different passages.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and these flow paths may be collectively referred to as the discharge flow path 70.
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment, but the control device 102 has a plurality of control devices and controls the combustion device 103.
- a control device (group) hereinafter referred to as control device 102B
- a control device (group) hereinafter referred to as control device 102A
- control device 102B is configured to control only the combustion device 103.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and one or more of the devices constituting the power generation system 100 other than the combustion device 103 are not limited thereto. It may be configured to control any of the devices.
- control device 102A and the control device 102B each have a communication unit, and exchange of signals is performed via both the arithmetic processing units and the communication unit.
- the communication medium connecting the control device 102A and the control device 102B may be, for example, a wireless LAN, such as a local area network, a wide area network, public communication, the Internet, a value-added communication network, or a commercial network. May be.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of the first modification in the first embodiment.
- the control device 102A confirms whether or not the fuel cell 11 is stopping power generation (step S201). When the fuel cell 11 is not in the power generation stop (No in Step S201), the control device 102A repeats Step S201 until the fuel cell 11 is in the power generation stop. On the other hand, if the fuel cell 11 is not generating power (Yes in step S201), the control device 102A proceeds to step S202.
- step S202 the control device 102A confirms whether or not an operation command (operation signal) for the combustion device 103 is input to the control device 102B.
- the control device 102A repeats Step S202 until the operation command for the combustion device 103 is input to the control device 102B.
- the control device 102 returns to step S201, and repeats steps S201 and S202 until the fuel cell 11 is stopped in power generation and an operation command for the combustion device 103 is input to the control device 102B. Also good.
- Step S203 the control device 102A operates the ventilation fan 13.
- the control device 102 ⁇ / b> A controls the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 to operate at a predetermined pressure or higher so that the exhaust gas does not flow into the housing 12.
- the control device 102 ⁇ / b> A preferably controls the ventilation fan 13 so that the static pressure of the ventilation fan 13 is larger than the discharge pressure of the combustion fan 18.
- the control device 102A outputs an operation command for the combustion device 103 to the control device 102B, and the control device 102B operates the combustion device 103 (step S204).
- the operation of the ventilation fan 13 is performed before the operation of the combustion device 103.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the operation of the ventilation fan 13 is performed after the operation of the combustion device 103. You may be comprised so that it may perform, and it may be comprised so that the action
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- control device 102B is configured to operate the combustion device 103 after an operation command for the combustion device 103 is input from the control device 102A.
- 102B may be configured to directly operate the combustion device 103. Even in this case, one of the operation of the ventilation fan 13 and the operation of the combustion device 103 may be operated before the other, or may be operated simultaneously.
- the basic configuration of the power generation system 100 according to the second modification is the same as that of the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment, but the combustion apparatus 103 has an arithmetic processing unit and a communication unit and is input from a remote controller. An operation signal and a control signal from the control device 102 are directly input to the communication unit of the combustion device 103, and the arithmetic processing unit of the combustion device 103 processes these signals.
- the communication medium that connects the communication unit of the control device 102 and the communication unit of the combustion device 103 may be a wireless LAN, for example, a local area network, a wide area network, public communication, the Internet, a value-added communication network, Or a commercial network etc. may be sufficient.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system according to the second modification of the first embodiment.
- the control device 102 confirms whether or not the fuel cell 11 is stopping power generation (step S301).
- the control device 102 repeats Step S301 until the fuel cell 11 is in the power generation stop.
- the control device 102 proceeds to step S302.
- step S302 the arithmetic processing unit of the combustion apparatus 103 confirms whether or not an operation command for the combustion apparatus 103 is input to the arithmetic processing unit of the combustion apparatus 103.
- the arithmetic processing unit of the combustion device 103 performs step S302 until the operation command for the combustion device 103 is input to the arithmetic processing unit. repeat.
- step S302 when the operation command for the combustion apparatus 103 is input (Yes in step S302), the arithmetic processing unit of the combustion apparatus 103 proceeds to step S303.
- step S ⁇ b> 303 the arithmetic processing unit of the combustion device 103 outputs an operation signal of the combustion device 103 to the control device 102 via the communication unit of the combustion device 103.
- step S304 the arithmetic processing unit of the combustion apparatus 103 operates the combustion apparatus 103 (step S304).
- control apparatus 102 will operate the ventilation fan 13, if the operation signal from the combustion apparatus 103 (To be exact, the arithmetic processing part and communication part of the combustion apparatus 103) is input (step S305). At this time, the control device 102 controls the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 to operate at a predetermined pressure or higher so that the exhaust gas does not flow into the housing 12. In this case, it is preferable that the control device 102 controls the ventilation fan 13 so that the static pressure of the ventilation fan 13 is larger than the discharge pressure of the combustion fan 18.
- the combustion device 103 is operated before the ventilation fan 13.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the combustion device 103 is operated after the ventilation fan 13. You may be comprised so that it may perform, and it may be comprised so that the action
- the power generation system 100 of the second modification configured as described above has the same operational effects as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 2 The power generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention has a mode in which the control device performs control so that the ventilator operates when the exhaust of exhaust gas from the combustion device is detected while power generation of the fuel cell system is stopped. This is just an example.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment, but the first temperature detector is disposed in the discharge flow path 70.
- the difference is that 20 is provided.
- the first temperature detector 20 may be in any form as long as it can detect the temperature of the gas in the discharge flow path 70.
- a thermocouple or an infrared sensor can be used.
- the first temperature detector 20 is provided inside the discharge flow path 70, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided outside the discharge flow path 70.
- the first temperature detector 20 is preferably provided at a position as close as possible to the combustion device 103 from the viewpoint of accurately detecting that the exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion device 103. Further, the first temperature detector 20 may be provided in the exhaust gas passage 77.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically showing an exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of the power generation system according to the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 confirms whether or not the fuel cell 11 is stopping power generation (step S401). When the fuel cell 11 is not in the power generation stop state (No in Step S401), the control device 102 repeats Step S401 until the fuel cell 11 is in the power generation stop state. On the other hand, if the fuel cell 11 is not generating power (Yes in step S401), the control device 102 proceeds to step S402.
- step S402 the control device 102 acquires the temperature T of the gas in the discharge flow path 70 detected by the first temperature detector 20. Then, the control device 102 determines whether or not the temperature T acquired in step S402 is higher than the first temperature T1 (step S403).
- the first temperature T1 is obtained, for example, in advance by an experiment or the like, by obtaining a temperature range when the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 flows through the discharge flow path 70. Good.
- step S403 When the temperature T acquired in step S402 is equal to or lower than the first temperature T1 (No in step S403), the control device 102 returns to step S402 and continues to step S402 and until the temperature T becomes higher than the first temperature T1. Step S403 is repeated. In this case, the control device 102 may return to step S401, and repeat steps S401 to S403 until the fuel cell 11 is stopped in power generation and becomes higher than the first temperature T1.
- step S404 the control device 102 operates the ventilation fan 13.
- the control device 102 controls the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 to operate at a predetermined pressure or higher so that the exhaust gas does not flow into the housing 12.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- whether the temperature T detected by the first temperature detector 20 is higher than the first temperature T1 is determined as to whether or not the combustion device 103 is operating.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the difference between the temperatures T detected by the first temperature detector 20 before and after a predetermined time is higher than a predetermined threshold temperature obtained in advance through experiments or the like, it is determined that the combustion device 103 is operating. You may comprise.
- Modification 1 Next, a power generation system of Modification 1 in the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2 will be described.
- the power generation system of Modification 1 further includes a first temperature detector provided in the housing, and when the control device detects that the temperature detected by the first temperature detector is higher than the first temperature, the ventilator is The aspect controlled to act
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 1 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment, but the first temperature detector 20 is provided in the housing 12. Is different.
- the 1st temperature detector 20 is installed in the location which can detect earlier that exhaust gas was discharged
- FIG. For example, it is preferably provided in the vicinity of the off-fuel gas flow path 73, the off-oxidant gas flow path 74, or the ventilation flow path 75, and is preferably provided in the vicinity of the air intake port of the ventilator 13.
- the power generation system 100 according to the first modification configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- Modification 2 Next, a power generation system of Modification 2 in the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2 will be described.
- the power generation system according to the second modification is provided at the air supply port of the housing, supplies an air flow to the fuel cell system from the opening to the atmosphere, and a first temperature detector provided in the air supply flow channel And the control device exemplifies a mode in which the ventilator is controlled to operate when the difference in temperature detected by the first temperature detector increases by a predetermined temperature range before and after the predetermined time. Is.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 2 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second modification has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment, but further includes an air supply channel 78.
- the difference is that the temperature detector 20 is provided in the air supply passage 78.
- the air supply channel 78 is formed so as to extend to the outside of the building 200, and its upstream end is connected to the air supply port 16A of the housing 12, and its downstream end (opening) is the atmosphere. It is open to.
- the first temperature detector 20 may be in any form as long as it can detect the temperature of the gas in the air supply channel 78, and for example, a thermocouple, an infrared sensor, or the like can be used.
- the first temperature detector 20 is provided inside the air supply flow path 78, but is not limited thereto, and may be disposed in the discharge flow path 70 or the housing 12. Good.
- step S402 the control device 102 obtains a difference in temperature T acquired from the first temperature detector 20, and in step S403, the first temperature detector 20 detects the difference in temperature before and after a predetermined time.
- the difference in the temperature T is listed on a predetermined threshold temperature range obtained in advance through experiments or the like, it is determined that the combustion device 103 is operating.
- the power generation system 100 according to the second modification configured as described above has the same operational effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 operates the ventilation fan 13 when the difference in temperature detected by the first temperature detector 20 increases by a predetermined temperature range before and after a predetermined time. Although comprised, it is not limited to this. As in Modification 1, the control device 102 determines whether or not the combustion device 103 is operating by determining whether or not the temperature detected by the first temperature detector 20 is higher than the first temperature. It may be configured to determine whether or not.
- Modification 3 Next, a power generation system of Modification 3 in the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2 will be described.
- the power generation system of Modification 3 further includes a pressure detector that detects the pressure in the discharge flow path, and the ventilator is activated when the control device detects that the pressure detected by the pressure detector is higher than the first pressure.
- the mode controlled to do is illustrated.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 3 of Embodiment 2. In FIG.
- the power generation system 100 according to the third modification has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment, but instead of the first temperature detector 20, the discharge flow path 70.
- a pressure detector 21 configured to detect the pressure of the gas inside is provided.
- the pressure detector 21 may have any configuration as long as the pressure in the discharge flow path 70 can be detected, and the device used is not limited.
- the pressure detector 21 is configured to be disposed in the discharge flow path 70.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor portion is disposed in the discharge flow path 70, and other portions are disposed. It is good also as a structure arrange
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of Modification 3 in Embodiment 2.
- the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system 100 according to the third modification has the same basic operation as the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- step S402A and step S403A are performed instead of step S402 and step S403 of the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 acquires the pressure P in the discharge flow path 70 detected by the pressure detector 21 (step S402A).
- step S403A determines whether or not the pressure P acquired in step S402A is greater than the first pressure P1 (step S403A).
- the first pressure P1 is obtained by, for example, obtaining a pressure range when the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion apparatus 103 flows through the discharge flow path 70 in advance through experiments or the like. Good. Further, the first pressure P1 may be set, for example, as a pressure higher than a predetermined pressure (for example, 100 Pa) with respect to the atmospheric pressure.
- a predetermined pressure for example, 100 Pa
- step S402A When the pressure P acquired in step S402A is equal to or lower than the first pressure P1 (No in step S403A), the control device 102 returns to step S402A and continues to steps S402A and S402A until the pressure P becomes larger than the first pressure P1. Step S403A is repeated. In this case, the control device 102 may return to step S401, and repeat steps S401 to S403A until the fuel cell 11 is stopped in power generation and becomes higher than the first pressure P1.
- step S404 the control device 102 operates the ventilation fan 13.
- the power generation system 100 according to the third modification configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the combustion apparatus 103 determines whether or not the combustion apparatus 103 is operating by determining whether or not the pressure P detected by the pressure detector 21 is greater than the first pressure P1.
- the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the difference between the detected pressures of the pressure detector 21 before and after a predetermined time is higher than a predetermined threshold pressure obtained in advance through experiments or the like, it is determined that the combustion device 103 is operating. Also good.
- Modification 4 Next, a power generation system of Modification 4 in the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2 will be described.
- the power generation system of Modification 4 further includes a flow rate detector that detects the flow rate of the gas flowing in the discharge flow path, and the control device performs ventilation when the flow rate detected by the flow rate detector is greater than the first flow rate.
- the mode which controls to operate a vessel is illustrated.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 4 of Embodiment 2.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 4 has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2, but instead of the first temperature detector 20, the discharge flow path 70.
- a flow rate detector 23 configured to detect the flow rate of the gas inside is provided.
- the flow rate detector 23 may have any configuration as long as it can detect the flow rate of the gas in the discharge flow path 70, and the device to be used is not limited.
- the flow rate detector 23 is configured to be disposed in the discharge flow path 70, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor portion is disposed in the discharge flow path 70, and the other portions are disposed. It is good also as a structure arrange
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of Modification 4 in Embodiment 2.
- the exhaust gas inflow suppression operation of the power generation system 100 according to the fourth modification has the same basic operation as the exhaust gas inflow suppression operation of the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- a difference is that Steps S402B and S403B are performed in place of Steps S402 and S403 in the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 acquires the flow rate F of the gas in the discharge channel 70 detected by the flow rate detector 23 (step S402B).
- the control device 102 determines whether or not the flow rate F acquired in step S402B is larger than the first flow rate F1 (step S403A).
- the first flow rate F1 is obtained, for example, in advance by an experiment or the like, by obtaining a flow rate range when the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 flows through the discharge flow path 70, Good.
- the first flow rate F1 may be equal to or higher than the flow rate 0 L / min when the fuel cell system is stopped, and may be 1 L / min.
- step S402B When the flow rate F acquired in step S402B is equal to or lower than the first flow rate F1 (No in step S403B), the control device 102 returns to step S402B and continues to step S402B and until it becomes larger than the first flow rate F1. Step S403B is repeated. In this case, the control device 102 may return to step S401 and repeat steps S401 to S403B until the ventilation fan 13 is operating and becomes greater than the first flow rate F1.
- step S404 the control device 102 operates the ventilation fan 13.
- the power generation system 100 of the fourth modification configured as described above has the same operational effects as the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- whether or not the combustion apparatus 103 is operating is determined by determining whether or not the flow rate F detected by the flow rate detector 23 is greater than the first flow rate F1.
- the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the difference between the flow rates detected by the flow rate detector 23 before and after a predetermined time is higher than a predetermined threshold flow rate obtained in advance through experiments or the like, it is determined that the combustion device 103 is operating. May be.
- Modification 5 The power generation system of Modification 5 is provided so as to communicate the housing and the intake port of the combustion device, and is configured to supply air to each of the fuel cell system and the combustion device from the opening to the atmosphere. And a second temperature detector provided in the air supply passage, the air supply passage is provided so as to be able to exchange heat with the exhaust passage, and the control device includes a second When the temperature detected with a temperature detector is higher than 2nd temperature, the aspect controlled to operate a ventilator is illustrated.
- the fact that the air supply flow path is provided so as to be able to exchange heat with the discharge flow path does not necessarily require that the air supply flow path and the discharge flow path be in contact with each other. And a mode in which the gas in the exhaust passage is provided so as to be heat exchangeable. For this reason, the air supply channel and the discharge channel may be provided with a space therebetween. Moreover, the other channel may be provided inside one channel. That is, the piping that configures the air supply channel and the piping that configures the exhaust channel may be provided so as to form a double piping.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a power generation system according to Modification 5 of Embodiment 2.
- the air supply flow path is shown by hatching.
- the power generation system 100 of Modification 5 has the same basic configuration as that of the power generation system 100 according to Embodiment 2, but is provided with an air supply flow path 78. The difference is that the second temperature detector 22 is provided in the air supply flow path 78 instead of the temperature detector 20.
- the second temperature detector 22 may be in any form as long as it can detect the temperature of the gas in the supply air flow path 78, for example, using a thermocouple or an infrared sensor. Can do.
- the second temperature detector 22 is provided inside the air supply channel 78, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided outside the air supply channel 78.
- the second temperature detector 22 is preferably provided at a position as close as possible to the combustion device 103 from the viewpoint of accurately detecting that the exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion device 103.
- the air supply channel 78 communicates the combustion device 103 and the casing 12 of the fuel cell system 101, and supplies air from the outside (here, outside the building 200) to each of the combustion device 103 and the fuel cell system 101. And it is provided so that the outer periphery of the discharge flow path 70 may be enclosed.
- the air supply channel 78 is branched in the middle, and the two downstream ends are connected to the hole 16 and the hole 19, respectively.
- the air supply channel 78 is formed to extend to the outside of the building 200, and its upstream end (opening) is open to the atmosphere. Thereby, the supply air flow path 78 allows the casing 12 and the combustion device 103 to communicate with each other, and can supply air to the fuel cell system 101 and the combustion device 103 from the outside of the power generation system 100.
- the air supply passage 78 and the discharge passage 70 are constituted by so-called double pipes.
- combustion exhaust gas exhaust gas
- the gas in the air supply flow path 78 is heated by heat transfer from the combustion exhaust gas. Therefore, based on the temperature detected by the second temperature detector 22, it can be determined whether or not the exhaust gas has been exhausted from the combustion device 103 to the exhaust flow path 70.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart schematically showing the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system of Modification 5 in Embodiment 2.
- the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system 100 of Modification 5 has the same basic operation as the exhaust gas inflow suppressing operation of the power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- Steps S402C and S403C are performed in place of Steps S402 and S403 in the second embodiment.
- the control device 102 acquires the temperature T of the gas in the air supply passage 78 detected by the second temperature detector 22 (step S402C). Then, the control device 102 determines whether or not the temperature T acquired in step S402C is higher than the second temperature T2 (step S403C).
- the second temperature T2 is obtained, for example, in advance by an experiment or the like as the temperature range in the supply air flow path 78 when the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 flows through the discharge flow path 70.
- the temperature range may be used.
- the second temperature T2 may be set as a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 20 ° C.) by, for example, a temperature inside the building 200 or an outside air temperature.
- step S403C When the temperature T acquired in step S402C is equal to or lower than the second temperature T2 (No in step S403C), the control device 102 returns to step S402C and continues to steps S402C and S402C until the temperature T becomes higher than the second temperature T2. Step S403C is repeated. In this case, the control device 102 may return to step S401, and repeat steps S401 to S403C until the fuel cell 11 is stopped in power generation and becomes higher than the second temperature T2.
- step S404 the control device 102 operates the ventilation fan 13.
- whether the temperature T detected by the second temperature detector 22 is greater than the second temperature T2 is determined as to whether or not the combustion device 103 is operating.
- the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if the difference between the temperatures T detected by the second temperature detector 22 before and after a predetermined time is higher than a predetermined threshold temperature obtained in advance through experiments or the like, it is determined that the combustion device 103 is operating. You may comprise.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 flows through the discharge passage 70.
- the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion device 103 flows only to the housing 12 side.
- the outside air flows back into the housing 12 from the air outlet of the discharge channel 70.
- the temperature detected by the second temperature detector 22 decreases.
- the combustion fan 18 is operated, so that outside air is discharged from the atmosphere port of the air supply passage 78. Inflow. For this reason, when the outside air temperature is low, it is assumed that the temperature detected by the second temperature detector 22 decreases.
- the control device 102 operates the combustion device 103 when the difference between the temperatures T detected by the second temperature detector 22 before and after a predetermined time is smaller than the third temperature T3 obtained in advance through experiments or the like. You may comprise so that it may be judged.
- the third temperature T3 may be 10 ° C., for example.
- Embodiment 3 The power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention exemplifies a mode in which the fuel cell system further includes a hydrogen generator having a reformer that generates a hydrogen-containing gas from the raw material and water vapor.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the power generation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the power generation system 100 according to the third embodiment of the present invention has the same basic configuration as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment, but the fuel gas supply device 14 is a hydrogen generator 14. And the point where the off-fuel gas flow path 73 is connected to the combustor 14b of the hydrogen generator 14 is different.
- the hydrogen generator 14 includes a reformer 14a and a combustor 14b.
- the downstream end of the off-fuel gas channel 73 is connected to the combustor 14b, and off-fuel gas from the fuel cell 11 flows through the off-fuel gas channel 73 and is supplied as combustion fuel.
- a combustion fan 14 c is connected to the combustor 14 b via an air supply flow path 79.
- the combustion fan 14c may have any configuration as long as it can supply combustion air to the combustor 14b.
- the combustion fan 14c may be configured by fans such as a fan and a blower.
- the supplied off-fuel gas and combustion air are combusted to generate combustion exhaust gas, and heat is generated.
- the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustor 14 b is discharged to the combustion exhaust gas flow path 80 after heating the reformer 14 a and the like.
- the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the combustion exhaust gas flow path 80 flows through the combustion exhaust gas flow path 80 and is discharged to the discharge flow path 70.
- the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the discharge flow path 70 flows through the discharge flow path 70 and is discharged outside the power generation system 100 (building 200).
- the reformer 14a is connected to a raw material supply device and a water vapor supply device (not shown respectively), and the raw material and water vapor are supplied to the reformer 14a, respectively.
- a raw material natural gas mainly composed of methane, LP gas, or the like can be used.
- the reformer 14a has a reforming catalyst.
- the reforming catalyst any substance may be used as long as it can catalyze a steam reforming reaction that generates a hydrogen-containing gas from a raw material and steam, for example, ruthenium on a catalyst carrier such as alumina.
- ruthenium catalyst supporting (Ru) or a nickel catalyst supporting nickel (Ni) on the same catalyst carrier can be used.
- a hydrogen-containing gas is generated by a reforming reaction between the supplied raw material and steam.
- the generated hydrogen-containing gas flows as a fuel gas through the fuel gas supply channel 71 and is supplied to the fuel gas channel 11 ⁇ / b> A of the fuel cell 11.
- the hydrogen-containing gas generated in the reformer 14a is sent to the fuel cell 11 as fuel gas.
- a shifter having a shift catalyst for example, a copper-zinc catalyst
- an oxidation catalyst for example, a ruthenium catalyst
- the configuration may be such that the hydrogen-containing gas after passing through a carbon monoxide remover having a methanation catalyst (for example, a ruthenium-based catalyst) is sent to the fuel cell 11.
- the power generation system 100 according to the third embodiment configured as described above has the same effects as the power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the ventilation fan 13 was used as a ventilator, it is not limited to this.
- an oxidant gas supply device 15 may be used instead of the ventilation fan 13.
- a channel that connects the oxidant gas supply unit 15 or the oxidant gas supply channel 72 and the off-oxidant gas channel 74 or the discharge channel 70 (hereinafter referred to as a first connection channel).
- the control device 102 may control the oxidant gas supply unit 15 to operate while the power generation of the fuel cell system 101 is stopped and the combustion device 103 is operating.
- the combustion fan 14c is used instead of the ventilation fan 13 as a ventilator. May be.
- the control device 102 may perform control so that the combustion fan 14c is operated while the power generation of the fuel cell system 101 is stopped and the combustion device 103 is operating.
- the ventilation fan 13 and the oxidant gas supply unit 15 may be used simultaneously, the ventilation fan 13 and the combustion fan 14c may be used simultaneously, and the combustion fan 14c and the oxidant gas supply unit 15 are used simultaneously.
- the ventilation fan 13, the combustion fan 14c, and the oxidant gas supplier 15 may be used simultaneously.
- the power generation system and the operation method thereof according to the present invention are useful in the field of fuel cells because the power generation of the fuel cell can be performed stably and the durability of the power generation system can be improved.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態1に係る発電システムは、燃料電池と、筐体と、換気器と、を有する燃料電池システムと、制御装置と、燃焼装置と、排出流路と、を備えている。そして、制御装置が、燃料電池システムの発電停止中に、かつ、燃焼装置から排出ガスを排出流路に排気中に、換気器が作動するように制御する態様を例示するものである。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る発電システム100の動作について、図1及び図2を参照しながら説明する。なお、発電システム100の燃料電池システム101における発電動作は、一般的な燃料電池システムの発電動作と同様に行われるので、その詳細な説明は省略する。また、本実施の形態1においては、制御装置102が、1つの制御装置で構成されていて、該制御装置が、発電システム100を構成する各機器を制御するものとして説明する。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る発電システム100における変形例1の発電システムについて説明する。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る発電システム100における変形例2の発電システムについて説明する。
本発明の実施の形態2に係る発電システムは、制御装置が、燃料電池システムの発電停止中に、燃焼装置の排出ガスの排出を検知した場合に、換気器が動作するように制御する態様を例示するものである。
図5は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
[発電システムの動作]
図6は、本実施の形態2に係る発電システムの発電システムの排出ガス流入抑制動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
次に、本実施の形態2に係る発電システム100における変形例1の発電システムについて説明する。
図7は、本実施の形態2における変形例1の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
次に、本実施の形態2に係る発電システム100における変形例2の発電システムについて説明する。
図8は、本実施の形態2における変形例2の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
次に、本実施の形態2に係る発電システム100における変形例3の発電システムについて説明する。
[発電システムの構成]
図9は、本実施の形態2における変形例3の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
図10は、本実施の形態2における変形例3の発電システムの排出ガス流入抑制動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
次に、本実施の形態2に係る発電システム100における変形例4の発電システムについて説明する。
[発電システムの構成]
図11は、本実施の形態2における変形例4の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
図12は、本実施の形態2における変形例4の発電システムの排出ガス流入抑制動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
本変形例5の発電システムは、筐体と燃焼装置の給気口とを連通するように設けられ、燃料電池システム及び燃焼装置のそれぞれに、その大気への開口から空気を供給するように構成された給気流路と、給気流路に設けられた第2温度検知器と、をさらに備え、給気流路は、前記排気流路と熱交換可能なように設けられ、制御装置が、第2温度検知器で検知される温度が、第2の温度より高い場合、換気器が作動するように制御する態様を例示するものである。
図13は、本実施の形態2における変形例5の発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。なお、図13においては、給気流路をハッチングで示している。
図14は、本実施の形態2における変形例5の発電システムの排出ガス流入抑制動作を模式的に示すフローチャートである。
本発明の実施の形態3に係る発電システムは、燃料電池システムが、原料と水蒸気から水素含有ガスを生成する改質器を有する水素生成装置をさらに備えている態様を例示するものである。
図15は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る発電システムの概略構成を示す模式図である。
11A 燃料ガス流路
11B 酸化剤ガス流路
12 筐体
13 換気ファン
14 燃料ガス供給器
14a 改質器
14b 燃焼器
15 酸化剤ガス供給器
16 給気口
17 燃焼器
18 燃焼ファン
19 給気口
20 第1温度検知器
21 圧力検知器
22 第2温度検知器
23 流量検知器
70 排出流路
71 燃料ガス供給流路
72 酸化剤ガス供給流路
73 オフ燃料ガス流路
74 オフ酸化剤ガス流路
75 換気流路
76 燃焼空気供給流路
77 排出ガス流路
78 給気流路
79 空気供給流路
80 燃焼排ガス流路
100 発電システム
101 燃料電池システム
102 制御装置
103 燃焼装置
103A 排気口
200 建物
Claims (15)
- 燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとを用いて発電する燃料電池と、前記燃料電池を収納する筐体と、を有する燃料電池システムと、換気器と、制御装置と、を備える発電システムにおいて、
前記発電システムは、
燃焼装置と、
前記筐体と前記燃焼装置の排気口とを連通するように設けられ、前記燃料電池システムから排出される排出ガスと前記燃焼装置から排出される排出ガスをその大気への開口から大気に排出するように構成された排出流路と、をさらに備え、
前記換気器は、前記筐体内のガスを前記排出流路に排出することにより、前記筐体内を換気するように構成され、
前記制御装置は、前記燃料電池システムの発電停止中に、かつ、前記燃焼装置が作動中に、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、発電システム。 - 前記制御装置は、前記燃料電池システムの発電停止中に、前記燃焼装置が作動する場合に、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の発電システム。
- 前記制御装置は、前記燃焼装置の作動指令が入力された場合に、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の発電システム。
- 前記制御装置は、前記換気器の作動を開始し、その後、前記燃焼装置の作動を開始するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項2又は3に記載の発電システム。
- 前記制御装置は、前記燃料電池システムの発電停止中に、前記燃焼装置の排出ガスの排出を検知した場合に、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の発電システム。
- 前記排出流路及び前記筐体内の少なくともいずれか一方に設けられた第1温度検知器をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第1温度検知器で検知される温度が第1の温度より高い場合、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の発電システム。 - 前記筐体の給気口に設けられ、その大気への開口から空気を前記燃料電池システムに供給する給気流路と、
前記給気流路、前記排出流路及び前記筐体内のうちの少なくともいずれか一箇所に設けられた第1温度検知器と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、所定時間の前後で、前記第1温度検知器が検知した温度の差分が、所定の温度幅上昇した場合、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。 - 前記排出流路内の圧力を検知する圧力検知器をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記圧力検知器で検知される圧力が第1の圧力より高い場合、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の発電システム。 - 前記排出流路内を流れるガスの流量を検知する流量検知器をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記流量検知器で検知される流量が第1の流量より多い場合、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の発電システム。 - 前記燃焼装置は、燃焼空気を供給するように構成された燃焼空気供給器を有し、
前記制御装置は、前記換気器の静圧が、前記燃焼空気供給器の吐出圧力よりも大きくなるように、前記換気器を制御することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の発電システム。 - 前記筐体と前記燃焼装置の給気口とを連通するように設けられ、前記燃料電池システム及び前記燃焼装置のそれぞれに、その大気への開口から空気を供給するように構成された給気流路と、をさらに備え、
前記給気流路は、前記排気流路と熱交換可能なように設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の発電システム。 - 前記給気流路に設けられた第2温度検知器と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第2温度検知器で検知される温度が、第2の温度より高い場合、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の発電システム。 - 前記給気流路に設けられた第2温度検知器をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、所定時間の前後で、前記第2温度検知器が検知した温度の差分が、所定の温度幅低い場合、前記換気器が作動するように制御することを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の発電システム。 - 前記燃料電池システムは、原料と水蒸気から水素含有ガスを生成する改質器を有する水素生成装置をさらに備えていることを特徴とする、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の発電システム。
- 燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスとを用いて発電する燃料電池と、前記燃料電池を収納する筐体と、換気器と、を有する燃料電池システムと、を備える発電システムの運転方法であって、
前記発電システムは、
燃焼装置と、
前記筐体と前記燃焼装置の排気口とを連通するように設けられ、前記燃料電池システムから排出される排出ガスと前記燃焼装置から排出される排出ガスをその大気への開口から大気に排出するように構成された排出流路と、をさらに備え、
前記換気器は、前記筐体内のガスを前記排出流路に排出することにより、前記筐体内を換気するように構成され、前記燃料電池システムの発電停止中に、かつ、前記燃焼装置が作動中に、所定の圧力以上で作動するように構成されている、発電システムの運転方法。
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US13/814,407 US20130137006A1 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2011-12-08 | Power generation system and method of operating the same |
JP2012528160A JP5075297B2 (ja) | 2010-12-13 | 2011-12-08 | 発電システム及びその運転方法 |
RU2013108846/07A RU2013108846A (ru) | 2010-12-13 | 2011-12-08 | Система производства электроэнергии и способ эксплуатации этой системы |
KR1020127017329A KR20140009905A (ko) | 2010-12-13 | 2011-12-08 | 발전 시스템 및 그 운전 방법 |
EP11848216.5A EP2595228B1 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2011-12-08 | Power generation system and method of operating the same |
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EP (1) | EP2595228B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5075297B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
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JP2016012525A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2016012531A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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KR101439428B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-09-11 | 주식회사 경동나비엔 | 연료전지를 이용한 보일러 시스템 |
JP7159721B2 (ja) * | 2018-09-11 | 2022-10-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 建物 |
JP7243693B2 (ja) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 換気システム |
KR102570606B1 (ko) * | 2023-07-11 | 2023-08-25 | (주)엘케이에너지 | 연료전지 개질부의 폐열을 활용한 연료비 절감장치 |
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- 2011-12-08 KR KR1020127017329A patent/KR20140009905A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2011-12-08 WO PCT/JP2011/006867 patent/WO2012081205A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-12-08 RU RU2013108846/07A patent/RU2013108846A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-12-08 JP JP2012528160A patent/JP5075297B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2016012531A (ja) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5075297B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
JPWO2012081205A1 (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
EP2595228A1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
EP2595228A4 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
EP2595228B1 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
KR20140009905A (ko) | 2014-01-23 |
US20130137006A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
RU2013108846A (ru) | 2015-01-20 |
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