WO2012068989A1 - 智能加压无级变速器 - Google Patents

智能加压无级变速器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012068989A1
WO2012068989A1 PCT/CN2011/082711 CN2011082711W WO2012068989A1 WO 2012068989 A1 WO2012068989 A1 WO 2012068989A1 CN 2011082711 W CN2011082711 W CN 2011082711W WO 2012068989 A1 WO2012068989 A1 WO 2012068989A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cone
shaft
screw
continuously variable
variable transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/082711
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程乃士
程越
Original Assignee
Cheng Naishi
Cheng Yue
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cheng Naishi, Cheng Yue filed Critical Cheng Naishi
Priority to JP2013540228A priority Critical patent/JP5646075B2/ja
Publication of WO2012068989A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012068989A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/04—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism
    • F16H63/06—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions
    • F16H63/067—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions mechanical actuating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H9/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
    • F16H9/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H9/04—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes
    • F16H9/12—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley built-up out of relatively axially-adjustable parts in which the belt engages the opposite flanges of the pulley directly without interposed belt-supporting members
    • F16H9/16—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley built-up out of relatively axially-adjustable parts in which the belt engages the opposite flanges of the pulley directly without interposed belt-supporting members using two pulleys, both built-up out of adjustable conical parts
    • F16H9/18—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes engaging a pulley built-up out of relatively axially-adjustable parts in which the belt engages the opposite flanges of the pulley directly without interposed belt-supporting members using two pulleys, both built-up out of adjustable conical parts only one flange of each pulley being adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/52—Pulleys or friction discs of adjustable construction
    • F16H55/56—Pulleys or friction discs of adjustable construction of which the bearing parts are relatively axially adjustable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/04—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism
    • F16H63/06—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions
    • F16H63/062—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms a single final output mechanism being moved by a single final actuating mechanism the final output mechanism having an indefinite number of positions electric or electro-mechanical actuating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of transmission, in particular to an intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission, which is mainly used in the fields of transportation vehicles, engineering machinery, power machinery and the like.
  • the cone-and-disk type continuously variable transmission is widely used in transportation, construction machinery, agricultural machinery, power generation equipment and other industrial fields. It is a friction transmission method by a flexible transmission element clamped between the cones, such as a rubber belt, a steel belt, a chain, etc. Passing power and movement. Its pressurized system ensures a frictional connection between the cone and the flexible transmission element and is a key part of this type of continuously variable transmission.
  • the universal continuously variable transmission pressurization system has a hydraulic system and a spring system.
  • the system is characterized in that the cone can be pressed according to a preset pressure mode, but the pressure cannot be intelligently adjusted in real time for the load of the transmission. .
  • the design pressurization pressure is much larger than the actual required pressure to ensure the function and reliability of the system.
  • the transmission efficiency of the continuously variable transmission is degraded, the load of each component is increased, the system life and reliability are lowered, and the system cannot respond effectively to the sudden load.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission which solves the problems of low transmission efficiency, poor system life and reliability, and high cost of the continuously variable transmission existing in the prior art.
  • An intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission having at least two mutually parallel drive shafts, wherein each of the two drive shafts has at least one pair of cones, and at least one flexible transmission element is sandwiched between the cones;
  • At least one of the pair of cones and its associated drive shaft are interconnected by a sliding screw drive or a rolling screw drive.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission at least one of the pair of cones and the associated transmission shaft is a thrust bearing, or the other can ensure that the cone and its associated transmission shaft can rotate relative to each other, and cannot be axially Connected in a relatively mobile manner.
  • a radial bearing or a rolling bearing is arranged between the cone and its associated transmission shaft.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission in at least one pair of cones, the two cones are ball keys, or splines, or other to ensure that the two cones can move relative to each other and cannot be rotated relative to each other. .
  • At least one of the at least one pair of cones is axially pressed by a spring, and the other end of the spring is connected by a thrust bearing or other non-axially movable, relatively rotatable manner.
  • the pair of cones and the flexible transmission elements held therebetween are pressed against each other on the drive shaft to which they belong.
  • each pair of cones, or both discs is a cone, or one of them is a cone and the other is a flat disk.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission, the flexible transmission component is a thrust steel belt for a continuously variable transmission, or a metal belt for a continuously variable transmission, or a chain, or a V-belt, or other closed-loop flexible component.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission is provided with a screw mechanism on the back of the cone on the shaft of the drive shaft and axially moving between the shafts, or other driving mechanism of the cone on the transmission shaft or
  • the mechanism has a mechanism for relatively rotating axial movement; the nut and the screw of the screw mechanism are respectively connected to the cone and the drive shaft through bearings.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission has a cone plate connected with a screw mechanism on the back side, and is connected to the transmission shaft thereof by a sliding screw transmission method or a rolling screw transmission manner, and the opposite cone disk and the corresponding transmission shaft are thrust bearings, or Others can ensure that the cone and its associated transmission shaft can be rotated relative to each other and cannot be axially moved relative to each other;
  • the cone disk to which the screw mechanism is connected on the back side is connected to the transmission shaft thereof by a ball key, a spline, or the like, which can be axially moved to each other but cannot be rotated relative to each other, and the opposite cone is fixedly connected to the associated transmission shaft.
  • the back side of the cone with the screw mechanism connected to the back side is connected with a spring pressing mechanism, or there is no pressing mechanism.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission is provided with an active pressurized screw shaft, a driving shaft rotating cone, a driving shaft fixed cone, a driving cone pressing mechanism, a driven pressing screw shaft, a driven shaft
  • a moving cone, a driven shaft fixed cone, a driven cone pressing mechanism, a flexible transmission element, and a pair of tapered cones are mounted on the active pressing screw shaft: a movable shaft cone and a driving shaft Cone disk
  • the driven pressure screw shaft is mounted with a pair of tapered cones: the driven shaft fixed cone and the driven shaft cone; the fixed pressure screw shaft and the driven pressure screw shaft fixed cone
  • the disc and its associated drive shaft can rotate relative to each other and cannot move axially; the active press screw shaft and the driven cone shaft of the driven press screw shaft can be rotated and axially moved relative to the transmission shaft; the active press screw shaft
  • the flexible transmission element is clamped between the cone disk and the cone on the driven pressure screw shaft, and the active pressure screw shaft and the driven pressure screw shaft are connected by a flexible transmission
  • the output speed regulating screw of the mechanism is connected with the active pressing screw shaft through a bearing, and the input end of the motor driving speed regulating mechanism is connected with the speed regulating motor; the driven cone pressing mechanism is integrated in the slave
  • the driven cone pressure nut on the moving shaft cone is integrated into the driven pressure
  • the driven cone pressure screw on the screw shaft; the driven cone pressure nut is set on the driven cone pressure screw, and the driven cone pressure screw and the driven cone pressure nut are screwed together;
  • the driven shaft fixed cone is mounted on the driven press screw shaft, and the driven shaft taper disc and the driven shaft fixed cone disc are connected by a ball key or a spline; the driven cone pressurizing screw and the driven rod
  • the pressure screw shaft is integrated, the driven cone pressure nut is integrated with the driven shaft cone; the back of the driven shaft cone has a compression spring, and the compression spring and the driven compression screw shaft are connected by bearings. .
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission is provided with a circulating end type reverser or an insert type reverser or a floating inner circulating type reverser in the rolling spiral; or, the length of the spiral raceway is larger than the total length of the rolling body
  • the sum of the axial travel strokes eliminates the need to provide an inverter.
  • a cone on the drive shaft of the present invention is connected with the drive shaft by a sliding screw drive or a rolling screw drive, and a thrust bearing or other between the other cone and the drive shaft can ensure that the cone and the drive shaft can be Relatively rotating, but not axially movable.
  • the ball or spline or other between the two cones ensures that the two cones can move relative to each other and cannot be connected in a relatively rotatable manner.
  • the invention can adjust the pressure on the cone in real time according to the torque received by the transmission, reduce the pressure between the cones when transmitting less torque, improve the system efficiency of the continuously variable transmission, reduce the load of each component, and improve The life of the system.
  • the invention can adjust the pressure on the cone in real time according to the torque change of the transmission.
  • the load is sudden, such as a gully on the road surface, a sudden water surface, an icy road surface, etc.
  • the pressure of the cone can be adjusted in time. Ensure the reliability of the system work.
  • the structure of the invention is simple and compact, effectively reducing the space size and reducing the cost.
  • Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of the transmission process of the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an end-circulating inverter in the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission of the present invention.
  • 1 motor drive speed governing mechanism 101—speed governing nut; 102—speed governing screw; 2—active shaft moving cone with pressurized nut; 3 active cone pressing mechanism; 301—active pressure Active cone pressure screw on the screw shaft; 302—active cone pressure nut on the active shaft cone; active compression screw shaft (drive shaft); 5—driven shaft fixed cone; 6— Active shaft fixed cone; 7-flexible transmission element; 8-driven shaft taper with pressure nut; 9-press spring; 10 ball key; 11 driven cone press mechanism; 12-slave Pressurized screw shaft (driven shaft); 111 in driven pressurization Driven cone pressure screw on the screw shaft; 112—driven cone pressure nut on the driven shaft cone; 13—screw; H rolling element (steel ball); 15—nut; 16— End-circulating inverter; 17-race; 18-reverse circulation hole I; 19- (in end-end reversing inverter) Reverse circulation hole II.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission of the present invention is provided with at least two mutually parallel transmission shafts, wherein each of the two transmission shafts has a pair of cones respectively, and a flexible transmission component is sandwiched between the cones, at least one pair of cones One of the cones and its associated drive shaft are interconnected by a helix or a helix with intermediate rolling bodies. One of the at least one pair of cones and its associated drive shaft are connected by thrust bearings or other means that ensure that the cone and its associated drive shaft are relatively rotatable and not axially movable.
  • the two cones are secured by ball or splines or the like to ensure that the two cones are relatively axially movable and not rotatable relative to each other.
  • a cone of at least one pair of cones is spring-connected to its associated drive shaft to compress the pair of cones and the flexible transmission members held therebetween.
  • the intelligent pressurized continuously variable transmission of the present invention mainly comprises: a motor drive speed governing mechanism, a movable shaft taper disc with a pressurizing nut 2, a driving cone pressurizing mechanism 3, and an active pressurization.
  • Screw shaft 4 driven shaft fixed cone 5, drive shaft fixed cone 6, flexible transmission element 7, driven shaft cone 8 with pressure nut, compression spring 9, ball key 10, driven cone
  • the disk pressurizing mechanism 11, the driven press screw shaft 12, and the like have the following specific structures:
  • the active pressing screw shaft 4 is mounted with a pair of tapered discs disposed opposite each other: a driving shaft cone 2 with a pressing nut and a driving shaft fixed cone 6 , and a pair of tapered surfaces mounted on the driven pressing screw shaft 12
  • the oppositely disposed cone the driven shaft fixed cone 5 and the driven axial cone 8 with the compression nut; the cone on the active compression screw shaft 4 and the cone on the driven compression screw shaft 12 Interlocking the flexible transmission element 7 through the flexible transmission element 7;
  • the driving shaft fixing cone 6 and the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut are mounted on the active pressing screw shaft 4, and the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut is set on the active pressing screw shaft 4.
  • the driving force of the driving cone on the driving screw 301; the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut and the driving shaft fixed cone 6 are connected by a ball key or a spline to ensure that the two cones can move relative to each other
  • the driving shaft cannula 6 is mounted on the active pressing screw shaft 4 through a bearing, and the motor driving speed adjusting mechanism 1 is disposed on the back surface of the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut.
  • the driven shaft fixed cone 5 and the driven shaft taper 8 with the pressurizing nut are mounted on the driven press screw shaft 12, and the driven shaft taper 8 with the pressurizing nut is set in the driven plus
  • the driven cone is pressed on the screw shaft 111 on the screw shaft 12; the driven shaft fixed cone 5 and the driven axial cone 8 with the pressure nut are connected by a ball key 10 to ensure the two cones
  • the disc can be moved relative to the axial direction and cannot rotate relative to each other.
  • the driven shaft fixed cone 5 is mounted on the driven press screw shaft 12 through a bearing, and the back side of the driven shaft taper 8 with the pressurizing nut is provided with a compression spring.
  • the flexible transmission component 7 in the continuously variable transmission can adopt a closed-loop flexible transmission component, such as: "The utility model patent mentioned: “a friction plate metal belt transmission component (publication number CN2428624Y)”; Or, the Chinese utility model patent mentions: “dry composite metal belt assembly for infinitely variable transmission (announcement number CN2662006Y)”.
  • the driving cone pressing mechanism 3 is provided with: a driving shaft pressing screw 301 which is formed on the active pressing screw shaft, and a driving shaft pressing nut 302 which is formed on the driving shaft rotating disc.
  • the drive shaft press screw 301 on the active press screw shaft and the drive shaft press nut 302 on the active press screw shaft are screw-fitted to make the drive shaft press screw 301 on the active press screw shaft.
  • the driving shaft pressing nut 302 on the driving shaft cone is integrated with the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut, and is formed on the active pressing screw shaft.
  • the driving shaft pressing screw 301 can rotate together with the active pressing screw shaft 4, and simultaneously pushes the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut, and maintains the driving shaft cone with the pressing nut on the active pressing screw shaft 4. 2.
  • the motor drive speed governing mechanism 1 on the back of the movable shaft taper disc 2 with a pressurizing nut can be a screw speed regulating structure.
  • the mechanism is provided with a speed governing nut 101 and a speed regulating screw 102, and the speed adjusting screw 102-end and the speed regulating nut 101 is connected by the rolling screw, the timing nut 101 is connected with the active pressing screw shaft 4, and the speed adjusting screw 102 is connected with the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut, and the relative movement of the timing nut 101 and the speed adjusting screw 102 is changed.
  • the direction and speed of the active axis of the cone is provided with a speed governing nut 101 and a speed regulating screw 102, and the speed adjusting screw 102-end and the speed regulating nut 101 is connected by the rolling screw, the timing nut 101 is connected with the active pressing screw shaft 4, and the speed adjusting screw 102 is connected with the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressing nut, and the relative movement of the timing nut 101 and
  • the input end of the motor drive speed regulating mechanism 1 is connected with the speed regulating motor, and the output end of the motor drive speed regulating mechanism 1 is connected through the bearing through the speed adjusting screw 102 and the driving shaft pressing nut 302 made on the driving shaft cone The relative rotation between the timing screw 102 and the drive shaft compression nut 302 on the drive shaft cone is allowed.
  • the driven cone press mechanism 11 is provided with a driven shaft press screw 111 on the driven press screw shaft and a driven shaft press nut on the driven shaft taper disc.
  • the driven shaft press screw 111 on the driven press screw shaft and the driven shaft pressurizing nut 112 on the driven shaft tappet are screwed.
  • the driven shaft pressurizing nut 112 and the driven pressurizing screw shaft 12 on the driven shaft taper disc rotate together, and simultaneously push the driven shaft taper disc 8 with the pressurizing nut to maintain the driven press screw
  • a pressing spring 9 on the back side of the driven shaft cone 8 with a pressurizing nut is connected to the connecting member on the driven shaft pressing screw 111 on the driven press screw shaft through a bearing to allow the spring to be pressed 9 is a relative rotation with the driven shaft press screw 111 on the driven press screw shaft.
  • the power output from the engine is directly transmitted to the active press screw shaft 4, and the active cone press mechanism 3 on the active press screw shaft 4 drives the drive shaft cone 2 with the pressurizing nut, and the drive shaft fixed cone 6 Coaxially pressing the flexible transmission element 7 while the flexible transmission element 7 drives the driven axial cone 8 and the driven shaft fixed cone 5 with the compression nut on the driven compression screw shaft 12, thereby powering Output.
  • the pressing spring 9 on the driven press screw shaft 12 and the driven shaft pressurizing mechanism 11 make the driven plus The driven axial cone 8 with the compression nut and the driven shaft fixed cone 5 on the compression screw shaft 12 press the flexible transmission element 7.
  • the speed regulating motor pushes the driving shaft cone 2 with the pressure nut through the motor drive speed governing mechanism 1, so that the working radius of the flexible transmission element 7 on the active pressing screw shaft 4 and the driven pressing screw shaft 12 is generated. Change, achieve infinitely variable speed.
  • the present invention can be applied to a rolling spiral portion with an end-face circulating reverser (also called an end-cap type circulating reverser) including a screw 13, a rolling element (steel ball) 14, a nut 15, and an end face circulation.
  • an end-face circulating reverser also called an end-cap type circulating reverser
  • Inverter 16 and the like, two end-end circulating inverters 16 are arranged outside the screw 13, and a nut 15 is arranged between the two end-end circulating inverters 16, and a reverse circulation hole 1 18 is opened in the nut 15, and the end surface is circulated.
  • the reverser 16 has a reverse circulation hole II 19, and one end of the reverse circulation hole II 19 of the end circulation reverser 16 communicates with the reverse circulation hole I 18 of the nut 15, and the end surface of the reverse inverter 16 The other end of the reverse circulation hole II 19 communicates with the raceway 17 of the screw 13.
  • the rolling body 14 in the ball screw moves from the raceway 17 to the end face of the screw 13 or the nut 15, enters the end face circulating reverser 16, and changes the direction of movement into the reverse circulation hole in the nut 15. 1 18, return to the other end of the raceway 17 to enter the raceway 17, complete the cycle action.
  • the end-end circulating reverser can more effectively utilize the effective length of the raceway, increase the load capacity and life of the spiral while reducing the volume and weight, and the end-cycle can also reduce the noise during the movement.
  • the end face circulating inverter of the rolling spiral portion may be replaced by a block type inverter or a floating inner cycle type inverter.
  • the length of the spiral raceway is greater than the sum of the total length of the rolling bodies and the axial travel stroke, and no reverser is required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmissions By Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)

Description

智能加压无级变速器 技术领域：
本发明涉及变速器领域， 具体为一种智能加压无级变速器， 主要应用于交通运输工具、 工程机械、 动力机械等领域。
背景技术：
锥盘式无级变速器广泛应用于交通工具、 工程机械、 农机、 发电设备及其他工业领域， 由夹持于锥盘间的挠性传动元件， 如橡胶带、 钢带、 链等， 以摩擦方式传递动力和运动。 其 加压系统保证了锥盘和挠性传动元件之间的摩擦连接， 是此类无级变速器中的关键部分。
目前， 通用的无级变速器加压系统有液压系统和弹簧系统， 此类系统的特点是可以按照 预先设定的加压模式对锥盘施加压力， 但无法针对变速器所受载荷实时智能地调整压力。 这 样， 设计加压压力比实际需要的压力大很多， 来保证系统的功能和可靠性。 由此带来的结果 是， 无级变速器的传递效率下降， 各部件的负载增加， 系统寿命和可靠性下降， 系统对突变 载荷无法有效地做出反应。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种智能加压无级变速器， 解决现有技术中存在的无级变速器的传 递效率较低， 系统寿命和可靠性较差， 成本较高等问题。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种智能加压无级变速器， 有至少两根互相平行的传动轴， 其中两根传动轴上分别各有 至少一对锥盘， 锥盘间夹持有至少一个挠性传动元件；
至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘和其所属的传动轴以滑动螺旋传动方式或滚动螺旋传动方式 互相连接。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘和其所属的传动轴以推力轴 承， 或其他能保证此锥盘和其所属的传动轴可以相对转动， 不能轴向相对移动的方式连接。
所述锥盘与其所属的传动轴之间设有径向承载的滑动轴承或滚动轴承。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 至少一对锥盘中， 两个锥盘以球键， 或花键， 或其他能保 证此两个锥盘可以相对轴向移动， 不能相对转动的方式连接。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘背面由弹簧轴向压紧， 弹簧的 另一端通过推力轴承， 或其他不能相对轴向移动、 可以相对转动的方式连接于其所属的传动 轴上， 将这对锥盘和其间夹持的挠性传动元件相互压紧。 所述的智能加压无级变速器， 每对锥盘中， 或两个盘都为锥盘， 或其中一个为锥盘， 另 一个为平盘。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 挠性传动元件为无级变速器用推力钢带， 或无级变速器用 金属带， 或链， 或 V型带， 或其他闭环挠性元件。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 一根传动轴上的与此轴之间相互轴向移动的锥盘背面设置 有螺旋机构， 或其他能驱动此锥盘在此传动轴上轴向运动或复合有相对转动的轴向运动的机 构； 此螺旋机构的螺母与螺杆， 分别通过轴承与锥盘及传动轴相连接。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 背面连接有螺旋机构的锥盘， 与其所属传动轴以滑动螺旋 传动方式或滚动螺旋传动方式互相连接， 其相对的锥盘与所属传动轴以推力轴承， 或其他能 保证此锥盘和其所属的传动轴可以相对转动， 不能轴向相对移动的方式连接；
或者， 此背面连接有螺旋机构的锥盘， 与其所属传动轴以球键、 或花键、 或其他可以相 互轴向移动但不能相对转动的方式连接， 其相对的锥盘与所属传动轴固连， 此时此背面连接 有螺旋机构的锥盘背面连接有弹簧加压机构， 或没有加压机构。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 无级变速器设有主动加压螺杆轴、 主动轴动锥盘、 主动轴 定锥盘、 主动锥盘加压机构、 从动加压螺杆轴、 从动轴动锥盘、 从动轴定锥盘、 从动锥盘加 压机构、 挠性传动元件， 主动加压螺杆轴上安装有一对锥面相对设置的锥盘： 主动轴动锥盘 和主动轴定锥盘， 从动加压螺杆轴上安装有一对锥面相对设置的锥盘： 从动轴定锥盘和从动 轴动锥盘； 主动加压螺杆轴和从动加压螺杆轴的定锥盘与其所属的传动轴可以相对转动， 不 能轴向移动； 主动加压螺杆轴和从动加压螺杆轴的动锥盘与其所属的传动轴可以相对转动和 轴向移动； 主动加压螺杆轴上的锥盘和从动加压螺杆轴上的锥盘之间夹持挠性传动元件， 主 动加压螺杆轴和从动加压螺杆轴通过挠性传动元件传动连接； 主动锥盘加压机构设有集成于 主动轴动锥盘上的主动锥盘加压螺母、 集成于主动加压螺杆轴上的主动锥盘加压螺杆； 主动 轴加压螺母套装于主动轴加压螺杆上， 主动锥盘加压螺杆与主动锥盘加压螺母通过螺旋配合 安装； 主动轴定锥盘安装于主动加压螺杆轴上， 主动轴动锥盘与主动轴定锥盘之间通过球键 或花键连接； 主动锥盘加压螺杆与主动加压螺杆轴为一体， 主动锥盘加压螺母与主动轴动锥 盘一体； 主动轴动锥盘的背面设有电机驱动调速机构， 电机驱动调速机构为螺旋调速结构， 该机构设有调速螺母和调速螺杆， 调速螺杆与调速螺母通过螺旋配合安装， 调速螺杆通过轴 承连接至主动轴动锥盘， 调速螺母通过轴承安装于主动加压螺杆轴上， 电机驱动调速机构的 输出端调速螺杆与主动加压螺杆轴通过轴承连接， 电机驱动调速机构的输入端与调速电机连 接； 从动锥盘加压机构设有集成于在从动轴动锥盘上的从动锥盘加压螺母、 集成于从动加压 螺杆轴上的从动锥盘加压螺杆； 从动锥盘加压螺母套装于从动锥盘加压螺杆上， 从动锥盘加 压螺杆与从动锥盘加压螺母通过螺旋配合安装； 从动轴定锥盘安装于从动加压螺杆轴上， 从 动轴动锥盘与从动轴定锥盘之间通过球键或花键连接； 从动锥盘加压螺杆与从动加压螺杆轴 为一体， 从动锥盘加压螺母与从动轴动锥盘一体； 从动轴动锥盘背面有压紧弹簧， 压紧弹簧 与从动加压螺杆轴的连接件通过轴承连接。
所述的智能加压无级变速器， 滚动螺旋中设有端面循环式反向器或镶块式反向器或浮动 内循环式反向器； 或者， 螺旋滚道的长度大于滚动体的总长度与轴向移动行程之和， 从而不 需要设置反向器。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、 本发明传动轴上的一个锥盘与传动轴之间以滑动螺旋传动或滚动螺旋传动的方式连 接， 另一个锥盘和传动轴之间以推力轴承或其他能保证锥盘和传动轴可以相对转动， 但不能 轴向相对移动的方式连接， 这两个锥盘间以球键或花键或其他能保证这两个锥盘可以相对轴 向移动， 不能相对转动的方式连接。 当传动轴受到扭矩时， 通过螺旋或滚动螺旋连接将其上 的动锥盘压紧于挠性传动元件和另一与传动轴无法轴向相对移动的锥盘， 从而获得锥盘间与 扭矩相适应的， 保证摩擦传动的压力。
2、本发明能够根据变速器承受的扭矩实时调整对锥盘的压力，在传递较小扭矩时， 降低 锥盘间加压压力，提高了无级变速器的系统效率，降低了各部件的负载，提高了系统的寿命。
3、本发明能够根据变速器承受的扭矩变化实时调整对锥盘的压力，在载荷突变时， 如路 面有沟坎， 突遇积水路面、 结冰路面等， 可以及时调整锥盘加压压力， 保证系统工作的可靠 性。
4、 本发明结构简单紧凑， 有效地减小了空间尺寸， 降低了成本。
附图说明：
图 1: 本发明智能加压无级变速器传动结构示意图。
图 2: 本发明智能加压无级变速器传动过程示意图。
图 3: 本发明智能加压无级变速器中的端面循环式反向器的示意图。
图中， 1 电机驱动调速机构； 101—调速螺母； 102—调速螺杆； 2—带加压螺母的主动 轴动锥盘； 3 主动锥盘加压机构； 301—做在主动加压螺杆轴上的主动锥盘加压螺杆； 302— 做在主动轴动锥盘上的主动锥盘加压螺母； 主动加压螺杆轴 （主动轴） ； 5—从动轴定锥 盘； 6—主动轴定锥盘； 7—挠性传动元件； 8—带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘； 9一压紧弹簧； 10 球键； 11 从动锥盘加压机构； 12—从动加压螺杆轴 （从动轴） ； 111 做在从动加压 螺杆轴上的从动锥盘加压螺杆； 112—做在从动轴动锥盘上的从动锥盘加压螺母； 13—螺杆; H滚动体（钢球） ； 15—螺母； 16—端面循环式反向器； 17—滚道； 18—反向循环孔 I； 19- (端面循环式反向器中） 反向循环孔 II。
具体实施方式：
本发明智能加压无级变速器， 设有至少两根互相平行的传动轴， 其中两根传动轴上分别 各有一对锥盘， 锥盘间夹持有一个挠性传动元件， 至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘和其所属的传 动轴以螺旋或带有中间滚动体的螺旋互相连接。 至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘和其所属的传动 轴以推力轴承或其他能保证此锥盘和其所属的传动轴可以相对转动， 不能轴向相对移动的方 式连接。 至少一对锥盘中， 两个锥盘以球键或花键或其他能保证此两个锥盘可以相对轴向移 动，不能相对转动的方式连接。至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘以弹簧连接于其所属的传动轴上， 将这对锥盘和其间夹持的挠性传动元件相互压紧。
如图 1-2所示， 本发明智能加压无级变速器， 主要包括： 电机驱动调速机构 1、 带加压 螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2、 主动锥盘加压机构 3、 主动加压螺杆轴 4、 从动轴定锥盘 5、 主动轴 定锥盘 6、 挠性传动元件 7、 带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8、 压紧弹簧 9、 球键 10、 从动锥盘 加压机构 11、 从动加压螺杆轴 12等， 具体结构如下：
主动加压螺杆轴 4上安装有一对锥面相对设置的锥盘： 带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2和 主动轴定锥盘 6， 从动加压螺杆轴 12上安装有一对锥面相对设置的锥盘： 从动轴定锥盘 5和 带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8；主动加压螺杆轴 4上的锥盘和从动加压螺杆轴 12上的锥盘之 间夹持挠性传动元件 7， 通过挠性传动元件 7传动连接；
主动轴定锥盘 6与带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2安装于主动加压螺杆轴 4上， 带加压螺 母的主动轴动锥盘 2套装于做在主动加压螺杆轴 4上的主动锥盘加压螺杆 301上； 带加压螺 母的主动轴动锥盘 2与主动轴定锥盘 6之间通过球键或花键连接， 能保证此两个锥盘可以相 对轴向移动， 不能相对转动， 主动轴定锥盘 6通过轴承安装于主动加压螺杆轴 4上， 带加压 螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2的背面设有电机驱动调速机构 1。
从动轴定锥盘 5与带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8安装于从动加压螺杆轴 12上，带加压螺 母的从动轴动锥盘 8套装于做在从动加压螺杆轴 12上的从动锥盘加压螺杆 111上;从动轴定 锥盘 5和带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8之间通过球键 10连接，能保证此两个锥盘可以相对轴 向移动， 不能相对转动， 从动轴定锥盘 5通过轴承安装于从动加压螺杆轴 12上，带加压螺母 的从动轴动锥盘 8的背面设有压紧弹簧 9。 本发明中， 无级变速器中的挠性传动元件 7可以采用闭环式挠性传动元件， 如： 中国实 用新型专利提及的： "一种摩擦片金属带式传动组件（公告号 CN2428624Y) "； 或者， 中国 实用新型专利提及的： "无级变速传动用干式复合型金属带组件（公告号 CN2662006Y) "。
本实施例中， 主动锥盘加压机构 3设有： 做在主动加压螺杆轴上的主动轴加压螺杆 301、 做在主动轴动锥盘上的主动轴加压螺母 302。 做在主动加压螺杆轴上的主动轴加压螺杆 301 与做在主动加压螺杆轴上的主动轴加压螺母 302通过螺旋配合， 做在主动加压螺杆轴上的主 动轴加压螺杆 301与主动加压螺杆轴 4做为一体，做在主动轴动锥盘上的主动轴加压螺母 302 与带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2做为一体， 做在主动加压螺杆轴上的主动轴加压螺杆 301可 随主动加压螺杆轴 4一起转动， 同时推动带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2， 保持主动加压螺杆 轴 4上带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2、 主动轴定锥盘 6与金属带间的压力。
带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2背面的电机驱动调速机构 1可以为螺旋调速结构， 该机构 设有调速螺母 101和调速螺杆 102， 调速螺杆 102—端与调速螺母 101通过滚动螺旋配合， 调速螺母 101与主动加压螺杆轴 4连接，调速螺杆 102与带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2连接， 调速螺母 101与调速螺杆 102的相对运动改变主动轴动锥盘的运动方向和速度。
电机驱动调速机构 1的输入端与调速电机连接， 电机驱动调速机构 1的输出端通过调速 螺杆 102与做在主动轴动锥盘上的主动轴加压螺母 302通过轴承连接， 以允许调速螺杆 102 和做在主动轴动锥盘上的主动轴加压螺母 302之间的相对转动。
本实施例中，从动锥盘加压机构 11设有：做在从动加压螺杆轴上的从动轴加压螺杆 111、 做在从动轴动锥盘上的从动轴加压螺母 112， 做在从动加压螺杆轴上的从动轴加压螺杆 111 和做在从动轴动锥盘上的从动轴加压螺母 112通过螺旋连接。 做在从动轴动锥盘上的从动轴 加压螺母 112和从动加压螺杆轴 12—起转动， 同时推动带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8， 保持 从动加压螺杆轴 12上带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8、 从动轴定锥盘 5与金属带间的压力。
带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8背面的压紧弹簧 9， 与做在从动加压螺杆轴上的从动轴加 压螺杆 111上的连接件通过轴承连接， 以允许压紧弹簧 9与做在从动加压螺杆轴上的从动轴 加压螺杆 111之间的相对转动。
如图 2所示， 本发明的工作过程如下：
发动机输出的动力直接传到主动加压螺杆轴 4上， 主动加压螺杆轴 4上的主动锥盘加压 机构 3驱动带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2，与主动轴定锥盘 6共同压紧带动挠性传动元件 7， 同时挠性传动元件 7带动从动加压螺杆轴 12上的带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8和从动轴定锥 盘 5， 从而使动力输出。 从动加压螺杆轴 12上的压紧弹簧 9与从动轴加压机构 11使从动加 压螺杆轴 12上的带加压螺母的从动轴动锥盘 8和从动轴定锥盘 5压紧挠性传动元件 7。 调速 电机通过电机驱动调速机构 1推动带加压螺母的主动轴动锥盘 2， 从而使挠性传动元件 7在 主动加压螺杆轴 4和从动加压螺杆轴 12上的工作半径产生变化， 实现无级变速。
如图 3所示， 本发明可采用在滚动螺旋部分设有端面循环式反向器（又称端盖式循环反 向器）包括螺杆 13、滚动体（钢球） 14、 螺母 15、端面循环式反向器 16等， 螺杆 13外侧设 置两个端面循环式反向器 16，两个端面循环式反向器 16之间设置螺母 15，螺母 15中开有反 向循环孔 1 18， 端面循环式反向器 16中开有反向循环孔 II 19， 端面循环式反向器 16的反向 循环孔 II 19一端与螺母 15的反向循环孔 I 18相通，端面循环式反向器 16的反向循环孔 II 19 另一端与螺杆 13的滚道 17相通。工作时， 滚珠丝杠中的滚动体 14从滚道 17运动到螺杆 13 或螺母 15的端面后，进入到端面循环式反向器 16中，并改变运动方向进入螺母 15中的反向 循环孔 1 18， 回到滚道 17的另一端进入滚道 17， 完成循环动作。 本发明中， 端面循环式反 向器可以更有效地利用滚道有效长度，在减小体积和重量的同时增加螺旋的承载能力和寿命， 端面循环还能减小运动时的噪音。 另外， 本发明中， 滚动螺旋部分的端面循环式反向器可以采用镶块式反向器或浮动内循 环式反向器代替。 或者， 螺旋滚道的长度大于滚动体的总长度与轴向移动行程之和， 从而不 需要设置反向器。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种智能加压无级变速器，有至少两根互相平行的传动轴，其中两根传动轴上分别各 有至少一对锥盘， 锥盘间夹持有至少一个挠性传动元件， 其特征在于：
至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘和其所属的传动轴以滑动螺旋传动方式或滚动螺旋传动方式 互相连接。
2、 按照权利要求 1所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘和其所属的传动轴以推力轴承， 或其他能保证此锥盘和其所 属的传动轴可以相对转动， 不能轴向相对移动的方式连接。
3、 按照权利要求 2所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于，所述锥盘与其所属的传动 轴之间设有径向承载的滑动轴承或滚动轴承。
4、 按照权利要求 1所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
至少一对锥盘中， 两个锥盘以球键， 或花键， 或其他能保证此两个锥盘可以相对轴向移 动， 不能相对转动的方式连接。
5、 按照权利要求 1所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
至少一对锥盘中的一个锥盘背面由弹簧轴向压紧， 弹簧的另一端通过推力轴承， 或其他 不能相对轴向移动、 可以相对转动的方式连接于其所属的传动轴上， 将这对锥盘和其间夹持 的挠性传动元件相互压紧。
6、 按照权利要求 1所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
每对锥盘中， 或两个盘都为锥盘， 或其中一个为锥盘， 另一个为平盘。
7、 按照权利要求 1所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
挠性传动元件为无级变速器用推力钢带， 或无级变速器用金属带， 或链， 或 V型带， 或 其他闭环挠性元件。
8、 按照权利要求 1所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
一根传动轴上的与此轴之间相互轴向移动的锥盘背面设置有螺旋机构， 或其他能驱动此 锥盘在此传动轴上轴向运动或复合有相对转动的轴向运动的机构;此螺旋机构的螺母与螺杆， 分别通过轴承与锥盘及传动轴相连接。
9、 按照权利要求 8所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
背面连接有螺旋机构的锥盘， 与其所属传动轴以滑动螺旋传动方式或滚动螺旋传动方式 互相连接， 其相对的锥盘与所属传动轴以推力轴承， 或其他能保证此锥盘和其所属的传动轴 可以相对转动， 不能轴向相对移动的方式连接； 或者， 此背面连接有螺旋机构的锥盘， 与其所属传动轴以球键、 或花键、 或其他可以相 互轴向移动但不能相对转动的方式连接， 其相对的锥盘与所属传动轴固连， 此时此背面连接 有螺旋机构的锥盘背面连接有弹簧加压机构， 或没有加压机构。
10、 按照权利要求 1所述的智能加压无级变速器， 其特征在于：
滚动螺旋中设有端面循环式反向器或镶块式反向器或浮动内循环式反向器； 或者， 螺旋 滚道的长度大于滚动体的总长度与轴向移动行程之和， 从而不需要设置反向器。
PCT/CN2011/082711 2010-11-24 2011-11-23 智能加压无级变速器 WO2012068989A1 (zh)

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