WO2012068657A1

WO2012068657A1 - Improvements to cutting units for a sugar-cane harvester

Info

Publication number: WO2012068657A1
Application number: PCT/BR2011/000437
Authority: WO
Inventors: Werner Kruger D'almeida
Original assignee: Kruger D Almeida Werner
Priority date: 2010-11-24
Filing date: 2011-11-24
Publication date: 2012-05-31
Also published as: BRPI1004371B1; BRPI1004371A2

Abstract

The proposed innovation comprises a cutting unit formed basically by three discs of resistant material and of knife-like cutting blades that are affixed to and adjusted on the cutting unit by means of entrainment-type rack gears and a knife-like blade locking device, which blades are juxtaposed and equidistant at the ends of the intermediate disc. The cutting unit constitutes a practical, robust system on which the knife-like cutting blades arranged substantially tangentially in relation to the central hole in the intermediate disc are affixed and locked by means of engagement in flexible cavities arranged in the structure of said disc and are moved by means of an entrainment adjustment system using rack-type gears, provided with an opening for gripping or releasing by means of a socket wrench, using the outer holes arranged in the sides of the lateral discs, without the need to dismantle the entire unit. The lower disc and the upper disc are identical in terms of size and format. The intermediate disc is likewise of similar size but differs from the other two discs since it is specially designed from more noble material (fatigue-resistant, spring-effect, impact- and wear-resistant material) for accommodating the knife-like cutting blades and said entrainment and locking gears.

Description

IMPROVEMENTS IN CANE HARVESTING CUTTING KITTERS

Technical field

The present patent relates to the sugarcane harvesting machinery sector, with an approach in the management of the sugarcane cutting system, aiming to increase the number of mechanized crops in the field, and conferring to the producer greater gains for the conservation of the natural crop, as well as as, economy and speed in the sugar cane cutting system and its maintenance in a rational and correct way.

Industrial Process History

Sugarcane harvesting machines are widely known in the current art. In these machines, one of the most relevant parts is in the arrangement and utilization of the laminate knives disposed in the cutting discs forming the cutting assemblies, flange coupled in the lower front area of the harvesters. Thus, the cane cutting operating system on the harvester machine is made up of a pair of disks that are horizontally interposed as close to the ground as possible and rotated in opposite directions to cut and pull the cane into the machine. , occurring in this continuous cutting process, the loss of spinning of the laminate knives and their arrangement in the discs, facilitates the removal of the knuckle by the impact suffered, and thus greatly impairing the reproduction of the cane, once the knuckle extraction will no longer occur. germination and thus the decrease in production in the planted area.

State of the Art

Conventional cane harvesting machines are equipped with clamping discs for laminated cutting knives that mechanically cut the cane. Such knives are manufactured made of carbon steel and arranged radially to the disc longitudinally. The disc has central bolt holes for fixing the cutting assembly to the flange, as well as the laminated cutting knife has enough structurally longitudinally rectilinear holes for greater adjustment flexibility for reuse. by manual displacement, ie according to the set adjustment holes, the laminated knife can be displaced radially to the disc, because, due to operational wear, there is a need for frequent adjustments in relation to the sharp part of the blade. It is maintained by loosening the screws and retightening them every three to four hours of operation, totaling an average of 12 hours of service life for each knife, and as a result, the harvester will be shut down. damage by downtime of cutting equipment.

In addition, there are several drawbacks of this current technique, such as the detachment of the fixing screws due to the vibration of the assembly, causing them to be lost, the difficulty to loosen said screws to effect knife adjustment, knife breakage, low efficiency. since this must be done during harvesting and the space in the machine to change the knife is rather narrow and difficult to operate to avoid cane waste and ultimately the most worrying in the harvesting process, the extraction of the knuckle by the impact of the worn laminated knife, reducing the production in the planting area.

Application Summary

In order to solve the existing problems in the state of the art, the applicant, after several studies and tests, developed the "PERFORMANCE ON CANE HARVESTING CUTTING MACHINE ASSEMBLIES" in order to promote the optimization of the cutting system by improving the dragging and attachment of their respective laminate knives to the internal structure of said cutting assembly.

The proposed innovation consists of a cutting assembly, consisting basically of three discs of sturdy material and laminated cutting knives, fixed and regulated to the cutting assembly by means of gears, drag rack and locking device of the laminate knives, the which are juxtaposed and equidistant at the ends of the intermediate disc.

The cutting assembly provides a practical and robust system in which the laminate cutting knives arranged substantially tangentially to the central hole in the intermediate disc are fixed and locked by snapping into flexible cavities disposed in the structure of said disc, and moved by means of a drag adjustment system through rack-like gears provided with a pinch or clamping nozzle through the external holes disposed on the sides of the side discs, without the need to disassemble the assembly.

The lower disk and the upper disk are the same in size and shape. The intermediate disc also has a similar size, but differs from the others because it is specially designed in a nobler material (fatigue resistant, spring effect, impact and wear resistance) to accommodate the laminate cutting knives and said drag gears. and locking.

Laminate knives are fixed tangentially to the central hole and can vary from 0 to 180 °, with the cutting edge positioned forward or backward (positive or negatively) according to the proposed adjustment.

After mounting, the three discs (bottom, middle, and top) mold into a cutting unit to form an assembly in which the laminated cutting knives are inserted and firmly secured.

Thus, the cutting assembly, object of the present patent, besides providing better utilization of the laminated knives, introduces the innovation of their adjustment by means of drag and lock gears, avoiding the knifes release due to the inherent rotation and shaking of the machine. to the harvest work.

Application Features and Benefits

The present cutting assembly offers a substantial differential over those known in the current art. It has a cheaper final cost, provides less material waste, allows better waste disposal and generally provides better use of harvested sugarcane due to the fact that it offers a smoother and more homogeneous cut. In addition, it allows the exchange of any of its knives in a simplified way, gives flexibility in relation to the number of knives used, better utilization of the laminated knives and, mainly, adds ease of adjustment and fixation of the laminate cutting knives in the respective discs.

Objectives of the application

A first objective of the application is to optimize the sugarcane harvest, proposing a more efficient cutting system and the maintenance of the cultivated area avoiding the extraction of the brass knuckles and thus seeking greater use and production of sugarcane.

A second purpose of the application is to Facilitate the adjustment of the position of the laminate knives in relation to the intermediate disc through the use of a rack system, as well as the maintenance of the cutting assembly that allows less time for adjustment and fixing in the assembly.

Description of the figures

For a better understanding of a preferred embodiment of the utility model proposed herein, the following figures are presented by way of illustration:

Figure 1 illustrates a top view of the intermediate disk.

Figure 2A illustrates a front perspective view of one of the cutting knives.

Figure 2B illustrates a rear perspective view of one of the cutting knives.

Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of the drag and lock gear.

Figure 4 shows an exploded view of the assembly further illustrating the positioning of the cutting knives and gears.

Figure 5 illustrates a perspective view of the assembled assembly.

Figure 6 illustrates a top view of two cutting blade assemblies in operation.

Figure 7 illustrates a top view of an intermediate disk with reference to detail A.

Figure 7A illustrates a top view of detail A of figure 7.

Figure 8 illustrates a perspective view of the intermediate disk with reference to detail B. Figure 8A illustrates an isometric view of the detail.

B of figure 8.

Figure 9 illustrates a perspective view of the intermediate disc accommodating one of the gears and one of the cutting knives, with reference to detail C.

Figure 9A illustrates an isometric view of the detail.

C of figure 9.

Detailed application description

According to the accompanying illustrations, the object of the present invention consists of a cutting assembly formed by a lower disk (10a) and upper disk (10b), which have a preferably pentagonal shape with rounded ends. Furthermore, they have a central hole (6), circular. This hole (6) is used to engage the discs to the harvester rotating element (not shown). The lower (10a) and upper (10b) discs are also provided with coupling holes (5), which are arranged circularly around the central hole (6) and are used for passing bolts securing the cutting assembly to the flange of the harvester. Also present in these discs 10a and 10b are oblong-shaped waste flow holes 2 arranged circularly to the central hole 6. Still at each end there is a cavity (3) for movement of the gear (40), and joint holes (4) for coupling the discs to each other through screws (not shown).

The intermediate disc (20), which also has a preferably pentagonal shape with rounded ends, is provided with juxtaposition cavities (21) of the laminated cutting knives (30) which lock them together with the lower (20a) and upper ( 20b) formed by the cavities (21) within the cutting assembly, in addition to the teeth of the gears (40) disposed in a second support cavity (22), and the safety tooth (23) arranged in the inner structure of the intermediate disc (20). These profiles 20a and 20b guide the drag movement provided by the gears 40 to the laminate cutting knives 30.

The juxtaposition cavities (21) of the laminate knives are disposed at the ends of the intermediate disc (20) and are substantially conical in shape with a rounded corner, interconnecting the second cavities (22) with adjustment, engagement (22c) recesses , guide and gear housing (40).

The accommodation and locking of the cutting knives (30) and the gears (40) to the disc (20) are achieved by a slight elastic deformation resulting from transverse indentations (24) in the disc structure (20) and the safety teeth ( 23) arranged in the lower profiles (20a) of the cavities (21). The disc (20) is also provided with a central hole (6), coupling holes (5) and junction holes (4), with similar arrangements and functions to those of the lower disk (10a) and the upper disk (10b). .

Cutting knife 30 can be viewed in detail in figures 3A and 3B. Said knife (30) has substantially parallelepiped shape and on one side has a cutting edge (31) for better cutting performance. The opposite face (32) is toothed almost entirely for engagement and drag by gear (40), furthermore it has grooves (30a) in its length for removal of damaged regions as a result of the operation. These grooves (30a) are intended to facilitate maintenance of the always sharp cutting edge (31). The drag and lock gear 40 is substantially eight-pointed star shaped, four (40b) of which engages and engages next to the laminate cutting knife (30), and the other four (40c) in appearance. interspersedly arranged forming the toothed region, said gear (40) further provided with a preferably square central cavity (40a) used for coupling to a stroke adjusting (not shown) stroke adjustment key (not shown) .

For an understanding of the assembly of the assembly, Figure 5 shows an exploded view identifying the lower disk 10a, the intermediate disk 20 and the upper disk 10b. Also noteworthy are the laminated cutting knives 30 and the gears 40 coupled together. The positioning of the bladed knife (30) relative to the horizontal plane of the disks is preferably substantially tangentially to the central bore (6), but can vary over a range of 0 through 180 ° relative to its radial axis, without losing its characteristics cutting

Although various materials may be used, a preferred embodiment utilizes hardened steel for composition of the members of the assembly.

Although specific embodiments are cited, there may be other embodiments of the solution within the basic proposition discussed herein, for example, showing variations in size and shape, angle and number of laminated knives per disc, among others, but using the same original concept represented, It should be understood that these configurations may be comprised in alternative embodiments of the application. In addition, this utility model is not limited to the representations commented on or illustrated here but should be widely understood. Modifications and other forms are understood as possible and are only delimited within the scope of the appended claim.

Claims

1 - IMPROVEMENTS IN CANE HARVESTING CUTTING KITCHEN ASSEMBLIES, OF THE KIND THAT HAS A PAIR OF MACHINE FLANGE-FITTED MACHINES, TILTED AND SIDE, ROTATED IN OPPOSING DIRECTIONS TO CUT AND PULL TO THE HARVEST; each disc being composed of an assembly characterized by lower disc 10a and upper disc 10b which are preferably pentagonal in shape with rounded ends provided with a circular center hole 6 engaging the discs with the rotating member of the disc. coupling holes (5) which are arranged circularly around the central hole (6) securing the harvester flange cutting assembly, oblong-shaped waste drainage holes (2) arranged circularly to the center hole (6), gear moving cavities (3) (40), and joint holes (4) for coupling the discs together; intermediate disc (20), which also has a preferably pentagonal shape with rounded ends, provided with juxtaposition cavities (21) of the laminated cutting knives (30) which lock them together with the lower (20a) and upper (20b) profiles formed by the cavities (21) within the cutting assembly, gears (40) disposed in a second support cavity (22) provided with recesses (22a), and the safety tooth (23) disposed in the inner structure of the disc ( 20) intermediate, profiles (20a) and (20b) drag guides provided by the gears (40) to the laminate cutting knives (30); substantially parallelepiped cutting knife (30) having an edge (31) and opposite face (32) engaging and dragging teeth by gear (40) and grooves (30a) for discarding; drag and locking gear (40) is substantially eight-pointed star shape, four of which Engaging and dragging (40b) of the laminate cutting knife (30), and four orthogonal-looking (40c), arranged interchangeably, forming the notched region, preferably square central cavity (40a), used for coupling to a wrench. stroke adjustment stroke of the laminated knife (30).

Cane harvester cutting assemblies according to claim 1, characterized by flexible juxtaposition cavities (21) of the laminated knives (30) disposed at the ends of the intermediate disc (20) and substantially conical in shape. rounded corner, the second cavities (22) being provided with recesses (22c) for adjusting, engaging, guiding and accommodating the gears (40).

Cane harvester cutting assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that the drag-and-lock gear (40) is substantially eight-pointed star-shaped, four (40b) being responsible for the engaging and dragging next to the laminate cutting knife (30), and the other four (40c) of orthogonal aspect, disposed interchangeably, preferably square central cavity (40a) used to move the laminated cutting knives (30).

Cane harvester cutting assemblies according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning of the laminated knife (30) in relation to the horizontal plane of the discs occurs tangentially to the central hole (6) and may vary. in ^the range 0 to 180 ° relative to its radial axis.