WO2012057432A1

WO2012057432A1 - Ground drilling hammer and sleeve thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2012057432A1
Application number: PCT/KR2011/004307
Authority: WO
Inventors: 임병덕
Original assignee: Lim Byung-Duk
Priority date: 2010-10-28
Filing date: 2011-06-13
Publication date: 2012-05-03
Also published as: KR101052211B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ground drilling hammer and a sleeve thereof, and more specifically, to a ground drilling hammer and sleeve which comprises, a cylindrical casing, a back head in which external compressed air flows, a guide and a sleeve which distribute the compressed air into the top and the bottom of a piston, wherein the piston is moved up and down by the compressed air, a chuck combined at the bottom of a casing, and a button bit which digs the ground by the hitting force of the piston. In addition, the ground drilling hammer and the sleeve thereof allow smooth up-and-down motion of the piston, because there is little space to form an oppressed air chamber on one side of the piston, and considerably improves the durability of the equipment by reinforcing the physical strength of the sleeve and the piston at the same time.

Description

Ground Drilling Pneumatic Hammer and its Sleeves

The present invention relates to a ground drilling pneumatic hammer and a sleeve thereof, and more particularly, to a cylindrical casing, a back head for introducing external air pressure, a guide and a sleeve for distributing the air pressure up and down the piston, and by the pneumatic It includes a piston that moves up and down, a chuck coupled to the lower end of the casing, and a button bit for excavating the ground by the striking force of the piston, in particular there is almost no space to form a pressure chamber on the piston side up and down the piston The present invention relates to a pneumatic hammer for ground excavation and its sleeve, which smoothly improves the strength of the equipment by enhancing the physical strength of the sleeve and the piston.

In general, pneumatic hammers are used to excavate underground exploration boreholes or excavate grounds for civil works, such as back heads, check valves, guides, sleeves, pistons, and button bits inside cylindrical casings. It consists of a structure in which the components are mounted one after another.

The back head is coupled to the upper end of the casing to induce external pneumatic pressure from the compressor to the inside of the casing, and a check valve functions to control the inflow of the pneumatic pressure. . And, the guide (Giude) to hold the center of the piston, the sleeve (Sleeve) serves to distribute the air pressure up and down the piston. In addition, the piston (Piston) hits the upper end of the button bit while moving up and down inside the sleeve and the casing, the button bit (Button bit) functions to excavate the ground by the impact force of the piston.

That is, after the external air pressure introduced through the back head passes through the guide and the sleeve, the piston is vertically moved at high speed while being alternately supplied to the upper or lower portion of the piston. In this case, a plurality of air chambers are formed in upper and lower ends and side surfaces of the piston according to the movement of the piston. The air chamber may be classified into a compression chamber for accelerating the vertical movement of the piston and an oppressed air chamber for suppressing the vertical movement of the piston.

The pressurized chamber accelerates the up and down movement of the piston with a force that expands its volume while supplying external air pressure, and is mainly formed at the top or bottom of the piston. However, the pressure chamber is an enclosed space formed mainly on the side of the piston, so that the volume of the piston is forcibly reduced when the piston is moved, thereby suppressing the upward and downward movement of the piston, thereby weakening the impact force of the piston.

Therefore, in the conventional pneumatic hammer, an exhaust passage is formed inside the piston in order to quickly discharge the air trapped in the pressure chamber of the piston side out of the pneumatic hammer. However, the exhaust passage causes another problem that weakens the physical strength of the piston. As a result, in order to improve the drilling performance of the ground drilling pneumatic hammer, it is very important to reduce the space in which the pressure chamber can be formed around the piston.

In the meantime, the inventor of the present invention has a variety of structures in Korean invention registration No. 642073 (registration date; October 27, 2006), 652918 (registration date; November 24, 2006) and 675851 (registration date; January 23, 2007). We have introduced pneumatic hammers for drilling.

As described above, conventional drilling pneumatic hammers have similar types of major components, but generally exhibit different functional advantages and disadvantages according to the structure of the sleeve (also called cylinder) and the piston. In particular, when looking at the structure of the piston, the inside of the piston is formed with a central hole penetrating the central axis, a plurality of pneumatic passages that are vertically penetrated is formed around the central hole. These pneumatic passages function to supply external air pressure to the upper and lower ends of the piston to form a pressurized chamber, or to quickly discharge air contained in the pressurized chamber formed on the side of the piston to the outside.

As described above, in conventional drilling pneumatic hammers, a large pressure chamber is formed on the side of the piston in the driving process, and a plurality of pneumatic passages are formed inside the piston to discharge the air trapped in the pressure chamber. The strength of the weak has a disadvantage that the piston is easily broken.

On the other hand, the piston is in the process of moving up and down the upper half enters into the sleeve, the lower half moves up and down along the inner wall of the casing at the lower end of the sleeve. Therefore, the outer diameter of the piston is the upper half is smaller by the thickness of the sleeve than the lower half, this difference in the outer diameter eventually causes the pressure chamber to form. However, if the thickness of the sleeve is made too thin in order to reduce the difference in the outer diameter of the piston, the physical strength of the sleeve is weakened and the sleeve is easily broken.

Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the space in which the pressure chamber can be formed on the side of the piston during the driving process to smooth the vertical movement of the piston, and further improved the physical strength of the piston and sleeve excellent To provide a pneumatic hammer for ground drilling of the structure and its sleeve.

The ground drilling pneumatic hammer according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical casing, and a back head, a check valve, a guide, a sleeve, a piston, a chuck, and a button bit mounted thereon, the inner diameter of the casing from the top screw portion from above And the upper inner groove, the lower inner groove and the lower screw portion are formed in this order,

The sleeve is a cylindrical body connecting the casing and the back head, an upper cylinder having a female threaded portion coupled to the lower end of the back head, a central cylinder having a male thread coupled to the upper end of the casing, and inserted into the casing. It consists of a lower cylinder covering the upper inner groove to form a pneumatic passage (P1),

The piston has a circumferential shape in which a central hole H2 is formed along a central axis, and has an upper annular jaw and an upper shaft portion having the same outer diameter as the standard inner diameter D2 of the lower cylinder, and an outer diameter equal to the standard inner diameter D1 of the casing. Has a middle shaft portion, and a bit strike portion having an outer diameter reduced from the lower portion of the middle shaft portion, wherein the upper ring groove and the upper shaft portion in the circumferential direction between the upper ring groove, the intermediate ring groove is formed between the upper shaft portion and the middle shaft portion, respectively The outer diameter portion of the upper shaft portion is formed with a vertical ventilation groove connecting the upper annular groove and the intermediate ring groove, the outer diameter portion of the middle shaft portion is the upper end is sealed and the lower end is a cylinder base groove opened toward the bit strike portion It is characterized by being formed in the longitudinal direction.

In addition, the sleeve according to the present invention is to connect the cylindrical casing constituting the outer shape of the pneumatic hammer for ground excavation, and the back head for introducing the external pneumatic pressure into the casing, the female screw portion is formed is coupled to the lower end of the back head And an upper cylinder having a male cylinder coupled to an upper end of the casing, and a lower cylinder inserted into the casing to form a pneumatic passage (P1), wherein the central portion has an outer diameter of the lower cylinder. A male screw portion having the same specifications as a male screw portion of a cylinder is formed.

The ground drilling hammer according to the present invention has an upper shaft portion having the same outer diameter as the standard inner diameter (D2) of the lower cylinder in the upper half of the piston inserted into the lower cylinder of the sleeve, the inner diameter of the lower cylinder and the piston There is almost no space for forming a pressure chamber between the outer diameter portions, and thus the up and down movement of the piston is smooth and the pneumatic efficiency is excellent.

In addition, since no other pneumatic hole penetrates inside the piston other than the central hole, the piston has a high physical strength and excellent durability.

In addition, the male thread portion is formed in the outer cylinder outer diameter portion of the sleeve is excellent in the physical strength of the sleeve, and further smoothly the flow of external pneumatic flow through the pneumatic passage (P1) has the effect of increasing the pneumatic efficiency as a result.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a pneumatic hammer according to the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the casing 100 in FIG.

3 is a view showing the structure of the sleeve 140 in FIG.

4 is a view showing the structure of the piston 150 in FIG.

5 is a view for explaining the operating principle of the pneumatic hammer according to the present invention.

100; Casing, 110; Back head

120; Check valve 130; Guide

140; Sleeve 150; Piston

160; Chuck 170; Button bit

C1, C2; Pressurization chambers D1 and D2; Standard bore

H1, H2, H3; Central hole P1; Pneumatic passage

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, even if the configuration is essential for carrying out the present invention, a specific description thereof will be omitted for belonging to the conventional technology or the same configuration as the prior art. In addition, even if it is the same component as the conventionally introduced pneumatic hammer, some components are given their own names and reference numerals regardless of the prior art.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall assembly structure of the pneumatic hammer according to the present invention, the back head 110 and the check valve 120, the guide 130 and the sleeve 140 is mounted on the upper end of the cylindrical casing (100) In the casing 100, the piston 150, the chuck 160, and the button bit 170 are sequentially installed. Among them, the structure and function of the back head 110, the check valve 120, the guide 130, the chuck 160 and the button bit 170 is the same or similar to the conventional pneumatic hammer, respectively.

First, the casing 100 is cylindrical and constitutes the outer shape of the pneumatic hammer, and as shown in FIG. The lower end of the sleeve 140 is coupled to the stepped portion 102 is formed, the lower inner groove 103 is formed so as to be spaced downward from the upper inner groove 101. In addition, upper and lower threaded portions 104 and lower threaded portions 105, to which the sleeve 140 and the chuck 160 are coupled, are formed at upper and lower ends of the inner diameter portion of the casing 100, respectively.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the sleeve 140 is coupled to the upper threaded portion 104 of the casing 100, and the back head 110 is coupled to the upper portion of the sleeve 140. That is, the back head 110 is located at the top end to guide the external air pressure supplied from the compressor (not shown) through the central hole H1 into the casing 100.

Sleeve 140 is a feature of the present invention is a cylindrical body connecting the casing 100 and the back head 110, as shown in Figure 3, the upper cylinder 140a and the middle cylinder 140b and the lower cylinder 140c Separated by. A female screw portion 141 is formed in the inner diameter portion of the upper cylinder 140a so that the lower end of the back head 110 is coupled to the female screw portion 141.

Next, the central cylinder 140b has a male thread portion 142 which is coupled to the upper thread portion 104 of the casing 100 at its outer diameter portion, and a guide for accommodating the guide 130 inside the inner diameter portion thereof. The accommodation space S1 is formed.

The lower cylinder 140c is inserted into the casing 100 to cover the upper inner groove 101 of the casing 100, and the lower end of the lower cylinder 140c is stepped as shown in FIG. 1. Is coupled to. Thus, a pneumatic passage P1 through which external air pressure passes is formed between the outer diameter portion of the lower cylinder 140c and the upper inner groove 101 of the casing 100, and the piston inside the inner diameter portion of the lower cylinder 140c. A piston entrance space S2 through which the upper end of the 150 is entered is formed.

In addition, on the boundary line between the central cylinder 140b and the lower cylinder 140c, a ventilation ring groove 143 is formed in the circumferential direction of the outer diameter portion as shown in FIG. 3, and the back head 110 is formed in the central cylinder 140b. A plurality of pneumatic holes 144 communicating with the central hole (H1) and the ventilation ring groove 143 is formed. In addition, a plurality of vent holes 145 pass through the lower end of the lower cylinder 140c in the circumferential direction, and an inner diameter of the upper end of the lower cylinder 140c extends in the circumferential direction from the standard inner diameter D2 in the circumferential direction. Is formed. The guide accommodation space S1 of the central cylinder 140b and the piston entrance space S2 of the lower cylinder 140c communicate with each other by the guide insertion hole 147.

So, as shown in Figure 1, the external air pressure introduced through the central hole (H1) of the back head 110 is a pneumatic passage (P1) through the pneumatic hole 144 and the ventilation ring groove 143 of the sleeve 140 ), And then is distributed to the upper or lower end of the piston 150 through the vent hole 145 of the lower cylinder 140c.

On the other hand, the sleeve 140 according to the present invention is characterized in that it has a structure in which the male thread portion 148 corresponding to the upper thread portion 104 of the casing 100 is formed in the outer diameter portion of the lower cylinder 140c. That is, the male thread portion 148 of the lower cylinder 140c has the same specifications as the male thread portion 142 of the central cylinder 140b and the pitch and the height of the thread. Therefore, when the sleeve 140 is inserted into the upper end of the casing 100, the sleeve 140 is rotated in a state in which the male thread part 148 of the lower cylinder 140c is aligned with the upper thread part 104 of the casing 100. The male screw portion 148 passes smoothly into the casing 100 through the upper screw portion 104.

If there is no male screw portion 148 on the outer diameter portion of the lower cylinder 140c, the outer diameter of the lower cylinder 140c is the upper screw portion 104 in order to insert the lower cylinder 140c into the casing 100. It should be further reduced by the height of the thread of, and thus the inner diameter of the lower barrel 140c should be reduced by that. This result increases the diameter difference between the upper end and the lower end of the piston 150, and eventually causes an enlargement of the space in which the pressure chamber can be formed on the side of the piston 150, thereby lowering the impact force of the pneumatic hammer.

However, in the sleeve 140 according to the present invention, even when the inner diameter of the lower cylinder 140c is the same, the thickness of the lower cylinder 140c may be made thicker by the height of the thread of the male screw part 148, so that the sleeve 140 may be formed. It is possible to improve the physical strength of the, and further increase the pneumatic efficiency because the external air pressure flows smoothly along the screw bone of the male screw portion 148.

Next, as shown in Figure 1, the guide 130 is coupled to the guide receiving space (S1) of the central cylinder (140b), the check valve mounting portion (120) is installed in the upper center of the check valve ( 131 is formed, the lower end of the lower shaft bar 132 protruding into the piston entrance space (S2) of the lower cylinder 140c through the guide insertion hole 147 is formed. The lower shaft rod 132 functions to hold the center of the piston 150 while opening and closing the central hole H2 while entering and exiting the central hole H2 of the piston 150 when the piston 150 is raised.

The check valve 120 is installed to have elasticity in the check valve installation portion 131 of the guide 130 through the spring 121 as shown in Figure 1, the central hole (H1) of the back head 110 It is blocking the bottom. Thus, when the pneumatic hammer is operated, the external pneumatic pressure is stronger than the spring force of the spring 121, so the check valve 120 is opened, and the check valve 120 is closed when the pneumatic hammer is stopped and the external pneumatic force is weakened.

The piston 150 is a cylindrical shape having a central hole (H2) formed along the central axis as shown in Figure 4, according to the size of the outer diameter portion of the upper end jaw having the same outer diameter as the standard inner diameter (D2) of the lower cylinder (140c) 150a and the upper shaft part 150b, and the middle shaft part 150c which has the same outer diameter as the standard inner diameter D1 of the said casing 100. In FIG. In addition, an upper annular groove 151 is formed in the circumferential direction between the upper annular projection 150a and the upper shaft portion 150b, and an intermediate annular groove 152 is formed between the upper shaft portion 150b and the middle shaft portion 150c. The lower portion of the middle shaft portion 150c has a bit striker 153 having an outer diameter smaller than that of the upper ring groove 151 or the intermediate ring groove 152. In addition, the outer diameter portion of the upper shaft portion (150b) is formed with a vertical ventilation groove 154 connecting the upper ring groove 151 and the intermediate ring groove 152, the upper end of the outer shaft portion of the middle shaft portion (150c) Sealed and open at the bottom of the barrel base groove 155 is formed in the longitudinal direction.

The upper shaft portion 150b, which is one of the features of the present invention, is inserted into the lower cylinder 140c of the sleeve 140 and has the same outer diameter as the standard inner diameter D2 of the lower cylinder 140c. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, a space for forming a pressure chamber is hardly generated between the inner diameter portion of the lower cylinder 140c and the outer diameter portion of the piston 150.

Finally, since the chuck 160 and the button bit 170 are the same as the structure of a conventional pneumatic hammer, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 161 denotes a 'busing' which accommodates the bit striking part 153 of the piston 150 and holds the center of the

button bit

170, and 162 denotes a button bit 170. It is a 'bit support ring' to prevent it from falling off.

Hereinafter, a driving method for the pneumatic hammer of the present invention will be described.

When the pneumatic hammer of the present invention descends into the borehole and the bottom of the button bit 170 touches the borehole bottom, the button bit 170 pushes up the piston 150 to raise the piston as shown in FIG. Step proceeds.

In the piston ascending step, the external pneumatic air introduced through the central hole H1 of the back head 110 passes through the check valve 120 and the pneumatic hole 144 of the sleeve 140 and the ventilating groove ( After passing through the pneumatic passage (P1) 143, it is introduced into the upper ring groove 151 of the piston 150 through the vent hole 145 of the lower cylinder (140c).

Then, the pneumatic pressure is passed through the vertical ventilation groove 154 and the intermediate ring groove 152 of the piston, and the lower inner groove 103 of the casing 100 and the cylinder base groove 155 of the piston 150 to the pressure chamber at the bottom of the piston ( To form C1).

The piston 150 is raised in the pressure chamber C1 and the piston 150 is strongly raised while the external air pressure is continuously supplied until the upper end of the barrel-based groove 155 passes completely through the lower inner groove 103. As the piston 150 continues to rise, the lower end of the upper annulus 150a of the piston 150 passes through the lower end of the ventilation groove 146 of the lower cylinder 140c as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, in the piston lowering step, the external pneumatic pressure introduced along the pneumatic passage P1 passes through the vent hole 145 of the sleeve 140 in the direction of the arrow and flows into the intermediate ring groove 152 of the piston 150, and then the piston A pressure chamber C2 is formed at the upper end of the piston through the vertical ventilation groove 154, the upper annular groove 151, and the inner ventilation groove 146 of the sleeve 140.

At this time, the upper end of the central hole (H2) of the piston 150 is blocked by the lower shaft rod 132 of the guide 130 as shown in (B) of Figure 5 so that the pressure chamber (C2) to strongly push the piston 150. Lower Therefore, the external pressure is continuously supplied to the pressurizing chamber C2 until the piston 150 descends and the upper annulus 150a completely passes through the ventilation groove 146 of the sleeve 140. When the upper end of the central hole (H2) is out of the lower shaft rod 132 of the guide 130, the pressure chamber (C2) is opened and loses its function.

According to the pneumatic hammer of the present invention, while the piston 150 repeatedly repeats the rising and lowering steps, the bit striking part 153 of the piston 150 hits the upper surface of the button bit 170 strongly. By this striking force, the button bit 170 excavates the ground. At this time, the sludge, such as sand or gravel generated from the bottom of the button bit 170 is discharged out of the casing 100 by the external pneumatic pressure is ejected through the central hole (H3) of the button bit 170.

On the other hand, when the pneumatic hammer is lifted from the borehole after the excavation work, the upper end of the button bit 170 is caught by the support ring 162 while the piston 150 and the button bit 170 are lowered downward by their own weight, and thus no load state. Becomes Although the non-load state is not separately illustrated, the external air introduced through the pneumatic passage P1 flows into the upper end of the piston 150 via the middle vent hole 145 of the sleeve 140, and then the center hole H2, It is discharged as it is to the lower portion of the button bit 170 through H3).

Claims

In the pneumatic hammer for ground excavation comprising a cylindrical casing and a back head mounted therein, a check valve, a guide, a sleeve, a piston, a chuck and a button bit,

The inner diameter of the casing is formed from the top of the upper screw portion, the upper inner groove, the lower inner groove and the lower screw portion in turn,

The sleeve is a cylindrical body connecting the casing and the back head, an upper cylinder having a female threaded portion coupled to the lower end of the back head, a central cylinder having a male thread coupled to the upper end of the casing, and inserted into the casing. It consists of a lower cylinder covering the upper inner groove to form a pneumatic passage (P1),

The piston has a circumferential shape in which a central hole H2 is formed along a central axis, and has an upper annular jaw and an upper shaft portion having the same outer diameter as the standard inner diameter D2 of the lower cylinder, and an outer diameter equal to the standard inner diameter D1 of the casing. Has a middle shaft portion, and a bit strike portion having an outer diameter reduced from the lower portion of the middle shaft portion, wherein the upper ring groove and the upper shaft portion in the circumferential direction between the upper ring groove, the intermediate ring groove is formed between the upper shaft portion and the middle shaft portion, respectively The outer diameter portion of the upper shaft portion is formed with a vertical ventilation groove connecting the upper annular groove and the intermediate ring groove, the outer diameter portion of the middle shaft portion is the upper end is sealed and the lower end is a cylinder base groove opened toward the bit strike portion A ground drilling pneumatic hammer, characterized in that formed in the longitudinal direction.
The method of claim 1,

On the boundary line between the central cylinder and the lower cylinder of the sleeve, a ventilation ring groove is formed in the outer diameter portion,

The central cylinder has a pneumatic hole for connecting the central hole (H1) and the ventilation ring groove of the back head, and the guide receiving space (S1) is formed in the inner diameter portion, respectively,

In the outer diameter portion of the lower cylinder, a male screw portion having the same size as the male screw portion of the central cylinder, a piston access space (S2) inside the inner diameter portion through which the upper end of the piston enters, and an inner periphery in the circumferential direction at the upper end of the inner diameter portion. The pneumatic hammer for ground excavation, characterized in that the vent hole is formed at the bottom of the inner diameter portion.
The method according to claim 1 or 2,

In the ascending step of the piston, the external air passing through the pneumatic passage (P1) and the vent hole of the sleeve passes through the vertical vent groove of the piston, the lower inner groove of the casing, and the vent base groove of the piston, and pressurizes the chamber (C1) to the lower end of the piston. Form the

In the lowering step of the piston, the pneumatic hammer for ground excavation, characterized in that the external air pressure is formed to form a pressurizing chamber (C2) on the upper end of the piston through the vertical ventilation groove and the sleeve inner ventilation groove.
In the sleeve which connects the cylindrical casing constituting the outer shape of the pneumatic hammer for ground excavation, and the back head for introducing external pneumatic pressure into the casing,

An upper cylinder having a female threaded portion coupled to a lower end of the back head, a central cylinder having a male threaded portion coupled to an upper end of the casing, and a lower cylinder passage inserted into the casing to form a pneumatic passage (P1) It's done,

A sleeve of a ground drilling pneumatic hammer, characterized in that the outer diameter portion of the lower cylinder is formed with a male screw portion having the same specifications as the male screw portion of the central cylinder.