KR100675851B1 - An air-hammer for drilling earth and the operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is designed so that the upper surface of the piston to have the largest area in contact with the pneumatic pressure to increase the impact force, and the pneumatic passage of the piston is newly designed for smooth supply and discharge of pneumatic pressure for this purpose Therefore, a rapid and large amount of pneumatic pressure is instantaneously supplied to the upper part of the piston to increase the lowering force of the piston, that is, the hitting force of the bit, and even when the piston is raised again, the required pneumatic pressure is quickly discharged, The piston to strike the movement is configured to be smooth.

For this purpose, the back head and the joint are screwed, the joint is screwed with the casing, the lower end of the casing is closed with a chuck, the pneumatic passage in the back head is selectively opened and closed by the check valve, the check valve is spring A pneumatic passage is formed between the guide and the joint and the casing, which are supported by the pneumatic passage, and the pneumatic passage, which is selectively communicated with the pneumatic passage, is formed through the piston, and a pneumatic chamber is formed between the piston and the guide and between the piston and the bit It is characterized in that the lifting operation of the pneumatic chamber formed between the piston and the guide and between the piston and the bit is made to expand and contract.

Pneumatic, Drilling Hammer, Bit, Piston, Check Valve

Description

Pneumatic hammer for drilling and its driving method {An air-hammer for drilling earth and the operating method}

1 is a cross-sectional view of the entire assembly configuration of the present invention;

2 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view of the piston structure of the present invention;

 (A) A front view,

 (B) is the right side view,

 (C) is the cross-sectional view of S-S in (B),

Figure 4 is a back head (Back Head) configuration diagram of the present invention,

 (A) A front view,

 (B) is the right side view,

 (C) is the cross-sectional view of S-S in (B),

 (D) is enlarged view of part A of (d)

5 is a configuration diagram of the joint,

 (A) A front view,

 (B) is the right side view,

 (C) is the cross-sectional view of S-S in (B),

6 is a view showing a driving method of the present invention,

 (A) A drawing of the state where the bit hit by the piston protrudes for excavation

      In addition, the state of the bit and piston combination seen in the no-load state after the excavation,

 (B) is a diagram where pneumatic pressure is supplied while the bit is in contact with the excavation surface and drawn into the casing;

 (C) is an upward view of the piston.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100-Back Head 110-Pneumatic Passage

120-Part assembly hole 130- O-ring

150-bypass hole

200-casing 230,232-bore hole

260-Pneumatic Chamber 270-Pneumatic Chamber

300-joint 310- O-ring

400-check valve

500-guide 515-spring

525-pneumatic passage 530-pneumatic

550-Spiral 560-Pneumatic chamber

600-piston 610-passage

620-Descent passage 630-Exhaust passage

700-bit 710-centre

720-Injection Path 730-Guide

800-chuck

900-Bit Retainer Ring 910-Piston Stop Ring

920- O-ring

The present invention relates to the structure of a pneumatic hammer for drilling, in particular, the excavation pneumatic hammer provided in the medium or small size due to the nature of the excavation work, is designed in a structure suitable for the work, and easy to assemble and maintain equipment, while operating efficiency The present invention relates to a drilling pneumatic hammer and a driving method thereof.

Excavation pneumatic hammer is a device that excavates the ground or crushes the rock in order to install the pile in the ground. (The meaning of 'perforation' or 'drill' is more accurate than excavation. Since it is made at the same time, it is referred to as an 'excavation'.) From a hole hammer such as European Patent EP-B1-0 336 010 or US Patent No. 4,015,670, the applicant of the present invention is a large-scale excavation hammer. Various technologies such as excavation hammer of Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2001-52919 (2001.6.25), and the structure of excavation pneumatic hammer of Utility Model Registration No. 0378163 (2005.3.2) recently registered It is known, but the piston structure for hitting the hammer bit is too complicated, the cost of the equipment is high and the failure is frequent, the economical disadvantage, the frequent failure is to reduce the work efficiency, the ultimate excavation work There was a problem that time and cost increases.

In particular, the complicated structure has a problem such that the impact force is suddenly lowered or the pneumatic supply is blocked due to the instantaneous compression of the air cushion when the lower end of the piston for hitting the hammer bit hits the drill bit. .

In addition, by concentrating the development of technology on the point that the pneumatic pressure is easily supplied and discharged, the air cushion phenomenon is reduced by developing another structure after assuming the formation of the supply path at the center of the piston. This has resulted in shortening the life of the equipment.

In addition, the capacity and structure of pneumatic hammer used differently according to the working environment had to be developed differently in consideration of economic efficiency and work efficiency, but the equipment that applied a single technical structure regardless of the size of work capacity By adjusting only the small size, it is generally the result of using large equipment as a substitute for small equipment, and there are disadvantages such as disadvantages in work and lack of work characteristics and further increase in the cost of using equipment that is not suitable for the working environment. It has been continued.

The present invention aims to provide a new pneumatic hammer suitable for the working environment as described above, and to improve the conventional pneumatic hammer designed for use in large-capacity excavation work until now to improve the use To provide a new technology for providing pneumatic hammers.

In order to achieve this object, in the present invention, the upper surface of the piston is designed to have the largest area in contact with the pneumatic ratio to increase the striking force of the piston, and the pneumatic passage for the piston for smooth supply and discharge of pneumatic pressure therefor. Has been redesigned, so that a large amount of air pressure is supplied to the upper part of the piston momentarily so that the piston descends sharply to increase the striking force of the bit, and when the piston is raised again, the required air pressure is discharged quickly. Piston reciprocating motion to strike the hammer bit is configured to be smooth.

In order to achieve the smooth lifting and increased impact of the piston, an organic coupling structure with other parts was newly created, resulting in a pneumatic hammer suitable for medium and small-sized work. Lifting movement of the piston suitable for medium and small sized work increases the work efficiency and reduces the maintenance cost of equipment. This effect solves the disadvantages of the conventional drilling hammer. As obtained.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings as an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail the configuration and effect of the present invention.

The present invention is a back head (100) that is supplied with pneumatic pressure from the outside, a joint 300 for coupling the back head 100 with the casing 200, and is installed inside the joint 300 Cylindrical guide 500 for supporting the check valve 400 to selectively block the pneumatic pressure, a piston 600 for elevating in the casing 200 and the guide 500 and having a plurality of pneumatic passages, 600) is a pneumatic hammer drill for drilling consisting of a bit 700 is installed to be elevated in the casing 200 in the lower position to perform the excavation work by the impact force of the piston 600 and the rotational force of the casing 200.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the entire assembly configuration of the present invention, with a separate perspective view of Figure 2 in more detail, the back head 100 is screwed together at the joint 300, the lower part of the joint 300 The upper part of the casing 200 is screwed together, and the lower part of the casing 200 is screwed to form an outer shape, and the bit 700 is in contact with the inner diameter of the bit retainer ring 900 and the chuck 800. It is installed to be elevated and assembled to engrave to the bottom by a certain length. In the drawings, reference numeral 120 denotes a bypass assembly hole, 130 denotes an O-ring, 310 denotes an O-ring, 410 denotes a pin, and 910 denotes a piston stop ring.

3 is a structural diagram of a piston 600 according to the present invention, referring to the cross section of the piston 600 as shown in (C), the lifting passage 610 and the lower passage (610) so that the piston 600 is elevated by the movement of pneumatic pressure ( 620 and the discharge passage 630 is formed through the inside, it can be seen that the inlet and outlet of the lifting passage 610 is formed with pneumatic induction holes (612, 614), respectively.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the guide 500 disposed inside the coupling of the upper portion of the casing 200 and the joint 300 has a check valve guide 510 formed in a cylindrical shape and is supported by a spring 515. When the check valve 400 is seated therein, and the pneumatic pressure supplied through the pneumatic passage 110 of the back head 100 overcomes the force of the spring 515, the check valve 400 is pushed down and the pneumatic pressure is casinged. It is configured to be supplied into (200), so if the pneumatic pressure in the casing 200 is greater than the supply pressure on the pneumatic passage 110 or the pneumatic pressure is weaker than the force of the spring 515, the check valve 400 is a spring (515) It is raised by the force to block the pneumatic passage (110).

In addition, the guide 500 is manufactured in the form of a warhead so that the space formed by the check valve guide 510 of the upper and the inner surface of the joint 300 forms the pneumatic passage 520 while the body is cylindrical and the bottom is open. At the lower end, a pneumatic hole 530 is formed.

In addition, the piston 600 is assembled in a structure in which the upper portion is in close contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical guide 500, without lifting the pneumatic leak, the pneumatic passage (610, 620, 630) formed through the outer diameter so as to vary the length ( As R1, R2, and R3 are formed, a space is formed between the other parts in the casing 200 in contact with these outer diameters to form the pneumatic chambers 260, 270, 560 or the pneumatic passages.

In addition, the inner diameter holes 230 and 232 constituting a plurality of pneumatic passages or pneumatic chambers are variably formed in the casing 200 when the piston 600 moves up and down.

On the other hand, the bit 700 which is installed to contact the lower portion of the piston 600 has a guide 730 is formed in the upper portion thereof is to be fitted into the discharge passage 630 of the piston 600 without pressure, the bit ( The lift is suppressed by the chuck 800 during the driving of the 700, the structure is designed to have a lifting range that is limited by the bit retainer ring 900, the reference numeral 710 is a pneumatic passage, 720 is injection Passage 920 represents the O-ring.

4 is a configuration diagram of the back head 100, (a) is a front view, (b) is a right side view thereof, (c) is an SS cross-sectional view of (b), and (d) is an enlarged portion A of (c) As in the cross-sectional view of the road, (C) and (D), the component assembly hole 120 and the bypass hole 150 are formed through the circumference, and the spring 130 is supported by the spring 130 in the component assembly hole 120. If the valve 140 is installed and there is a limit in treating sludge only by pneumatic pressure consumed by the hammer during high-depth drilling, it releases the pneumatic pressure into the bypass hole 150 to facilitate sludge treatment as well as increase the excavation force. It was to obtain the effect.

5 is a sectional view of the joint 300 formed integrally with the guide 500, and the spiral portion 310 is fitted with the back head 100 is fitted, the spiral portion formed on the outer diameter of the upper end of the guide 500 ( 550 forms a structure coupled to the casing 200.

Next, the operation of the present invention of the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

Excavation pneumatic hammer of the present invention while rotating the piston 600 by hitting the bit 700 by the pneumatic pressure is not different from the conventional. Therefore, since the rotational force of the excavation pneumatic hammer is obtained by rotating in a known manner, description thereof is omitted, and the pneumatic pressure supplied by the excavation pneumatic hammer through the pneumatic passage 110 of the back head 100 in connection with the present invention. By the piston 200 is lowered by the process of hitting the ultimate bit 300 will be described along with the pneumatic flow.

As shown in Fig. 6A, the assembled pneumatic hammer of the present invention is lowered by its own weight when the piston 600 and the bit 700 are unloaded without being supplied with pneumatic pressure (or immediately after drilling). At this time, the pneumatic pressure will form a one-way discharge passage as indicated by the thick arrow.

When the excavation work is started, as shown in Figure 6 (b), while the pneumatic hammer descends and the bottom surface of the bit 700 touches the excavation surface (not shown), the bit 700 is introduced into the casing 200, the outside Pneumatic pressure is supplied from the pneumatic passage 110 of the back head 100 is moved to the pneumatic passage 520 of the check valve guide 510 and the joint 300 while pressing the check valve 400. At this time, the pneumatic pressure is supplied until the elastic force of the support spring 515 of the check valve 400, the pneumatic flow in the reverse direction is blocked when the check valve 400 is closed, the check valve 400 is a one-way pneumatic supply function Will be performed.

The introduced pneumatic pressure passes through the pneumatic passage 520 through the pneumatic passage 525 formed by the space between the upper part of the casing 200 and the outer diameter of the guide 500 as shown in FIG. 530 is pumped to the lifting passage 610 → pneumatic induction hole 614 → pneumatic chamber 270 of the piston 600.

The continuous increase in pneumatic force exerts a force in the direction of expanding the area of the pneumatic chamber 270, while the area of the other pneumatic chambers (560, 260) decreases while the pneumatic pressure therein decreases the down passage (620) and the discharge passage (630). It is quickly discharged through the central passage 710 and the injection passage 720 in communication with the bit 700 through the suppression action of the rise of the piston 600 by the residual pneumatic pressure.

The pneumatic pressure collected in the pneumatic chamber 270 in inverse proportion to the discharge of the pneumatic pressure is the piston 600 ascending to the highest as shown in Figure 6 (c), the pneumatic passage 520 → pneumatic port 530 → down the passage 620 and If the pressure is increased by continuous supply of pneumatic pressure, the area of the pneumatic chamber 560 in the guide 500 is increased so that the pressure is rapidly pushed down of the piston 600.

The sudden lowering force of the piston 600 acts to perform a so-called excavation work in which a lower end surface of the piston 700 strikes the upper end surface of the bit 700 to force the bit 700 out of the casing 200. The pressure remaining in the space formed between the bottom surface of the bottom surface and the top surface of the bit 700, that is, the pneumatic chamber 270 is rapidly discharged through the central passage 710, so that air compression does not occur in the pneumatic chamber 270. No, of course, the impact force degradation does not occur as a result.

The discharge passage 630 of the piston 600 after the impact is performed is connected to the guide 730 of the bit 700 so that the air pressure from the outside is the pneumatic passage 110 of the back head → pneumatic passage 520 of the guide → Pneumatic port 530 → Pneumatic chamber 560 → Descent passage 620 → Pneumatic chamber 260 → Discharge passage 630 → Central passage 710 → Injection passage 720 is discharged through a predetermined no-load state However, as described above, while the pneumatic pressure is supplied for the excavation work, the bit 700 comes into contact with the excavation surface and is introduced into the casing 200 and at the same time as shown in FIGS. 6 (a), (b), and (c). Repeatedly ascending and striking of the piston 600, the excavation and retraction of the bit 700 is made to perform a continuous excavation work.

The driving method of the present invention having the above structure includes the following steps.

That is, the pneumatic supply step; Discharging the air in the discharge pneumatic chamber at the same time as the supplied pneumatic expands the ascending pneumatic chamber through the pneumatic passage; Expansion of the raising pneumatic chamber raises the piston; Expanding the lower pneumatic chamber to lower the highest raised piston; Hitting the bit with the lowering force of the piston to allow excavation to take place with the protruding force of the bit.

Further, in order to establish the principle of the pneumatic supply, the back head and the joint are screwed, the joint is screwed with the casing, the lower part of the casing is closed with a chuck, and the pneumatic passage in the back head is connected by a check valve. It opens and closes selectively, and forms a pneumatic passage between the guide and the joint and the casing where the check valve is supported by a spring, and the pneumatic passage (elevating passage, descending passage, discharge passage) selectively communicating with the pneumatic passage And forming a pneumatic chamber between the piston and the guide and the piston and the bit so that the lifting operation of the piston is achieved by the expansion and contraction of the pneumatic chamber formed between the piston and the guide and the piston and the bit. Include it.

As described above, the present invention is to form a pneumatic passage between the parts constituting the pneumatic hammer in order to apply the principle that the bit is lowered by the impact of the piston to perform the excavation work, as well as the pneumatic pressure By forming a passage, the high pressure passage is selectively connected to the pneumatic chamber so that the piston is raised and the beat is applied. The pneumatic hammer bit is mainly provided in the small and medium construction rather than the large excavation.

According to the present invention, it is designed to raise and lower the piston by the change of the pneumatic passage and the pressure change of the pneumatic chamber, so that not only the number of required parts can be reduced but also the work efficiency can be increased due to the simplicity of the structure. Even management can save a lot of time and money.

On the other hand, the present invention of the above-described configuration and operation is not limited to the above-described embodiment, the technical idea belonging to the technical scope of the present invention will fall within the scope of the present invention even if there is a slight modification.

For example, the back head and the joint may be integrally formed, and the pneumatic passage formed between the joint and the casing with the guide may be formed by several small holes in the radial form, not the cross-sectional configuration of the cylinder. Yes.

Claims (8)

Back head supplied with pneumatic pressure from the outside, A joint that joins the backhead to the casing, A cylindrical guide for supporting a check valve installed inside the joint to selectively block air pressure; A piston which is lifted in the guide coupled with the casing and has a plurality of pneumatic passages, Is installed in the lower piston portion is made of a drill bit to perform excavation work by the rotational force and blow, The backheads are screwed together at the top of the joint, The lower joint is screwed with the upper casing, Under the casing, the chuck is screwed together to form an external shape. A pneumatic hammer bit for excavation, comprising a bit retainer ring and a chuck defining the biting range of the bit in the lower end of the casing. According to claim 1, The piston is a pneumatic passage consisting of a lifting passage, a lower passage and the discharge passage is formed therein, the inlet and outlet of the lifting passage is formed with a pneumatic induction hole, respectively, the piston has a different diameter ( Excavating pneumatic hammer bits, which are designed to have R1, R2, R3) to form a plurality of pneumatic passages and pneumatic chambers by combination with other components. The excavation pneumatic hammer bit according to claim 1, wherein a pneumatic passage or a pneumatic chamber is formed in the casing in a space with pistons having different outer diameters (R1, R2, R3). 2. The drilling pneumatic hammer bit according to claim 1, wherein the drill bit is provided with a guide fitted in the discharge passage of the piston in the upper portion of the drill bit. According to claim 1, The guide is formed in a cylindrical shape having a lower opening to form a piston and a pneumatic chamber, the upper check valve guide is made in a warhead shape to form a pneumatic passage between the inner surface of the joint, Excavation pneumatic hammer bits, characterized in that the lower end is formed with a pneumatic ball. According to claim 1, wherein the bypass parts assembly hole and the bypass hole is formed in the back head is configured to selectively release the pneumatic pressure as the valve which is supported by the spring in the part assembly hole is opened and closed by a predetermined pressure Pneumatic hammer bits for drilling. A back head supplied with air pressure from the outside, a joint for coupling the back head to the casing, a cylindrical guide for supporting a check valve to selectively block the air pressure inside the joint, and the casing It consists of a piston that is elevated in the combined guide and formed with a plurality of pneumatic passages, and a drill bit installed in the lower portion of the piston to perform excavation work by the rotational force and hitting, the back head is screwed together in the upper joint, the lower joint In the method of driving the excavation pneumatic hammer, which is screwed to the upper casing, the outer casing by screwing the chuck to the lower part of the casing, and the bit retainer ring and the chuck are installed inside the lower end of the casing to define the bit outgoing range. , Supplying pneumatic pressure to a pneumatic passage formed in the back head; Discharging the air in the discharge pneumatic chamber while supplying the pneumatic pressure to the ascending pneumatic chamber through the pneumatic passage formed inside the piston; Raising the piston while the lifting pneumatic chamber formed between the piston and the bit expands; Lowering the piston while the descending pneumatic chamber formed inside the cylindrical guide expands when the piston is most raised; Hitting the bit with the downward force of the piston to allow excavation to occur with the protruding force of the bit; Hammer driving method by pneumatic comprising a. delete

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