WO2012052162A1 - Procédé et dispositif de traitement de surface d'un objet - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de traitement de surface d'un objet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012052162A1
WO2012052162A1 PCT/EP2011/005235 EP2011005235W WO2012052162A1 WO 2012052162 A1 WO2012052162 A1 WO 2012052162A1 EP 2011005235 W EP2011005235 W EP 2011005235W WO 2012052162 A1 WO2012052162 A1 WO 2012052162A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
jet
blasting
generated
treated
nozzle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/005235
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Eduard Reisacher
Horst Buck
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority to EP11775909.2A priority Critical patent/EP2629927A1/fr
Publication of WO2012052162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012052162A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
    • B23P9/04—Treating or finishing by hammering or applying repeated pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/18—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for surface treatment of an object, in particular for blasting and / or beam hardening, wherein at least one beam of blasting agent is generated, and the object is kept in a levitated state by the at least one beam, and the Surface of the object is treated by the at least one beam.
  • Blasting and blasting are well established methods of surface engineering. They include u.a. the shot peening and the shot peening process.
  • the methods can be used for workpieces of all solid materials, in particular for metallic and brittle-hard materials.
  • DE 196 52 872 A1 discloses a method for increasing the surface layer strength on surfaces of workpieces made of brittle-hard materials, wherein the workpiece surface is brought into contact with a tool in a narrowly limited surface area, which plastically deforms the surface area and thereby within the Workpiece generated near-surface residual compressive stresses.
  • DE 10 2006 046 263 describes a method for increasing the fracture toughness of the surface layer of a carbide cutting edge of a drill by means of a shot peening method, wherein the shot peening beam is directed at least over a partial region of the cemented carbide cutting edge.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method by which the surface of an object is completely and uniformly treatable. It is also the task to create an appropriate specify the method by which the procedure is feasible.
  • the method according to the invention can thus be regarded as a blasting method and in particular embodied as a beam hardening method.
  • the fact that the object is kept in a floating state, can be dispensed with a holder for the object.
  • the beam exerts a force on the object.
  • the effect of the weight of the object is compensated so that the object is held in a floating state, ie a state in which the Fallbe ⁇ motion of the object due to the weight force by the force effect of the at least one beam is compensated.
  • the object in this state is not in contact with fixed devices, such as holding devices or guiding devices.
  • the object is guided in at least one degree of freedom also by contact with a guide device, such as a rail or spiral.
  • the object floats in a jet of blasting agent, which is directed We ⁇ sentlichen vertically upwards, that is the direction against gravity.
  • the object is preferably substantially spherical or round in this embodiment.
  • the object is preferably substantially spherical or round in this embodiment.
  • Beam here a divergent course, its cross section perpendicular to the direction of movement of the blasting medium in the beam center is thus greater with increasing distance from the jet generating nozzle.
  • the cross-section is in this case circular or elliptical We ⁇ sentlichen, so that the beam is cone-shaped.
  • the object can float freely in the conical beam.
  • Object is the position of the object near the cone axis, that is stabilized near the center of the cone.
  • the object can be introduced into the vertical beam by placing it directly on a nozzle emitting the jet before turning on the beam, and then turning on the beam. As the pressure increases, the ball is lifted with increasing jet flow so that it finally floats freely on the exiting abrasive.
  • the to radiating object can also be introduced directly into the existing beam, for example via a mechanical feed, such as a roller rail or a robot arm.
  • the distance of the ball from the exit nozzle or nozzles may be adjusted by appropriate choice of the jet stream pressure, carrier stream flow, and / or appropriate choice of nozzle geometry.
  • Different jet conditions can be achieved by adjusting the nozzle geometry, the pressure, the grit transported through the jet, and the distance between the nozzle (s) and the object.
  • the beam used in the invention preferably comprises a blasting agent that is transported by a carrier ⁇ medium.
  • the carrier medium advantageously gas or liquid in question.
  • gases can be, for example, air, nitrogen or other gases adapted to the corresponding use.
  • a liquid for example, water comes into question.
  • Blasting agents may include metal beads, sand, ceramic materials such as zirconia, glass, hard metal and / or nutshells (preferably for cleaning jets).
  • the object to be treated whose upper ⁇ surface, preferably spherical or a sphere.
  • the object can be kept particularly stable in the beam, in particular if only one beam is used which, as described above, is directed essentially vertically upwards.
  • the sphere may be a zirconia Be ball bearing ball.
  • a jet of the blasting medium can be generated, which is directed essentially vertically upwards and in which the object is introduced.
  • at least one stream of the carrier medium and / or one jet of the blasting medium can be generated, by which the object is stabilized in the vertical jet and / or moved in a targeted manner.
  • Those nozzles which generate the additional streams of the carrier medium or additional jets of the blast medium preferably emit the object from other directions than from below, so that they exert lateral forces on the object
  • the desired effect of the surface treatment for example the Effect of shot peening or solidification blasting, the suspended object achieved.
  • the self-stabilizing effect of the jet on the position of the ball is not impaired by the addition of a suitable amount of blasting agent.
  • a particularly homogeneous treatment of the surface of the object results according to the invention in that surface areas which were already influenced by the blasting material during the blasting process and thus were roughened somewhat more usually compared to not yet or not completely treated surface areas, a slightly increased friction in the stream Experienced.
  • the resulting asymmetrical torques on the object it is aligned with the beam direction in such a way that surface areas which were previously unirradiated are preferably aligned downward, opposite the stream of jet material.
  • This effect is particularly advantageous in the case of spherical objects which float in a beam pointing vertically upwards.
  • the inventive method is particularly advantageous designed as a pressure jet method with air. But it can also be used or configured as a pressurized liquid jets or cleaning jets.
  • the method can be advantageously controlled by the pressure of the carrier medium flow, the choice of the nozzle and the choice of the blasting medium.
  • the shape of the beam cone can be controlled.
  • the amount of blast media per time can be controlled by the size of the outlet opening of the blasting medium reservoir.
  • the total amount of blasting agent per treatment is preferably adjusted by an appropriate stocking.
  • the number of objects corresponding to a large number of outlet nozzles are arranged in a grid on a horizontal plane in accordance with the method described above in such a way that a gas flow pad with a correspondingly large number of locally self-stabilizing beam positions is produced for many balls.
  • a guide device may be provided by means of which the object or objects in the beam are durable, but in particular allows a free rotation of the object.
  • a guide device may, for example, be a spiral whose spiral axis coincides with an outflow seal of the blasting medium.
  • the object can move in the direction of the beam direction inside this spiral and can rotate freely, but is limited in its movement to the interior of the spiral.
  • Spiral at its end remote from the nozzle have a conclusion, for example in the form of a portion of the spiral forming wire, which is bent over the opening of the spiral at the nozzle end remote.
  • the spiral can be attached to the nozzle.
  • the use of the method according to the invention can be detected, for example, by means of X-ray-induced residual stress analyzes, which can detect the presence of high residual stresses in the surface of objects, as typically produced by shot peening. By means of light or electron microscopic analyzes, the impacts of the particles of the blasting agent on the surface of the object can be detected.
  • the method according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously for ball bearings, in particular when using balls as blasting media, in order to increase their service life and load capacity.
  • the OF INVENTION ⁇ dung modern method is also well for uniform cleaning and / or polishing of objects, more preferably balls, of all solid materials once set zbar.
  • the invention also provides an apparatus for surface treatment of an object, which has at least one nozzle, with which at least one jet of a blasting medium can be generated such that the object to be treated is held in a floating state by the at least one blast and there ⁇ at the surface of the Object is treated by the at least one beam.
  • the method described above can be carried out with the device.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to treat workpieces, particularly preferably spherical workpieces, uniformly over the entire surface and, in particular, to realize the advantages of shot blasting methods.
  • Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention, with which the inventive method is feasible
  • FIG. 2 shows a nozzle with an attached spiral for guiding the object to be treated in the beam.
  • the figure shows the basic structure of a pre ⁇ direction, with which the inventive method is feasible.
  • the outlet nozzle 3 has here a circular From ⁇ baumso réelle, whereby the blasting abrasive jet 2 is cone-shaped.
  • the ball 1 floats in the beam 2, since this exerts a force on the ball 1 by the flow resistance of the ball 1 in the beam 2, which is directed against the weight of the ball 1 opposite.
  • the beam 2 is formed here as a single beam, which is substantially perpendicular to the top is directed. It can be provided to further stabilize the object 1 and other nozzles, the streams of the carrier medium or rays of the
  • outlet nozzles 3 such as those shown here to be arranged next to one another, preferably in such a way that their outlet openings lie in one plane.
  • these nozzles 3 may preferably be arranged in an equidistant grid. In this way, a surface, as a pad of the blasting agent, can be produced, on which the object can be moved in the horizontal direction.
  • the ball 1 can be introduced directly into the existing jet 2 or placed on the nozzle 3 before switching on the jet 2 and then raised by switching on the jet 2.
  • object 1 floats freely. But it is also possible to provide Vorrich ⁇ obligations that guide the object. However, this pre ⁇ directions should not festhal ⁇ th the object, so that each area of the surface of the Ob ⁇ jektes 1 in the sphere of influence of the beam 2 bewe ⁇ gen can and will treated by it.
  • the jet 2 is in the case shown an air flow with a blasting agent such as beads or sand.
  • the device has a supply line for compressed air 4 as a carrier medium and a device for supplying the blasting medium 5.
  • the blasting medium is introduced into the compressed air. brought, so that a beam of the blasting medium 2 is formed.
  • a jet nozzle 3 was used whose opening had a diameter of 8 mm.
  • air was used as the carrier medium, which was fed to the nozzle at a pressure of 2 bar.
  • a blasting agent here 4 kg of hard metal balls with a diameter of 0.65 mm (HMG0.65) were used, as are commercially available.
  • the treated sphere was then characterized by X-ray residual stress analysis.
  • the detector used was a scintillation counter and a D5000 diffractometer.
  • the use ⁇ te radiation was Cr- ⁇ and the elasticity constants E-modulus and Poisson's ratio (Poissonkonstante) were used 210 MPa and 0.28.
  • radiographic constants modulus of elasticity and transverse number
  • the macroscopic elasticity constants are used from the data sheets of the material manufacturers. The difference is usually small, especially in the present case of the steel material used.
  • the height of the compressive residual stress generated at the different measuring points, ie at measuring point 1 and measuring point 2, and also in different directions at a measuring point is the same. So it was a plane isotropic Druckei- genditionsSullivan at every point of the surface, it aims ⁇ .
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a nozzle 3 with a guide device 6 or stabilizing device 6 for the ball 1 which floats in the air flow.
  • the stabilizing device 6 is in this case designed as a spiral which is wound around an outlet direction of the jet out of the nozzle 3. At its end facing away from the nozzle 3, the stabilizing device 6 has a conclusion 7, which closes the opening of the spiral 6 facing away from the nozzle 3, so that the ball can not be pushed out of the stabilizing device 6 by the jet.
  • the stabilizing device 6 thus prevents the ball 1 from escaping laterally or upwards from the air flow during a momentarily excessive deflection.
  • the rotation of the ball is not hindered by the device, however, so that nevertheless a uniform machining of the spherical surface, ie, especially in the shot peening process, a uniform degree of coverage can be achieved.
  • the device can be adjusted accordingly ⁇ speaking.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de traitement de surface d'un objet, en particulier pour le sablage et/ou le grenaillage. Au moins un jet d'un agent de sablage/grenaillage est produit, l'objet étant maintenu dans un état de flottement par le ou les jets et la surface de l'objet se trouvant ainsi traitée par le ou les jets.
PCT/EP2011/005235 2010-10-18 2011-10-18 Procédé et dispositif de traitement de surface d'un objet WO2012052162A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11775909.2A EP2629927A1 (fr) 2010-10-18 2011-10-18 Procédé et dispositif de traitement de surface d'un objet

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010048777.5 2010-10-18
DE201010048777 DE102010048777B4 (de) 2010-10-18 2010-10-18 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung eines Objektes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012052162A1 true WO2012052162A1 (fr) 2012-04-26

Family

ID=44872275

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/005235 WO2012052162A1 (fr) 2010-10-18 2011-10-18 Procédé et dispositif de traitement de surface d'un objet

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2629927A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010048777B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012052162A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016027207A1 (fr) * 2014-08-18 2016-02-25 Bharat Forge Limited Procédé de durcissement de surfaces de matrices
DE102019112791B3 (de) 2019-05-15 2020-06-18 Netzsch Trockenmahltechnik Gmbh Schleifvorrichtung zum verrunden von partikeln

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU439383A2 (ru) * 1971-04-12 1974-08-15 Предприятие П/Я Г-4561 Способ упрочнения наружных и внутренних поверхностей
JPH0871921A (ja) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-19 Nippon Baruzaasu Kk 浮遊ショットブラスト加工方法及び装置
DE19652872A1 (de) 1996-12-18 1998-07-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Steigerung der Randschichtfestigkeit an Oberflächen von aus sprödharten Werkstoffen gefertigten Werkstücken
DE102006046263B3 (de) 2006-09-28 2008-04-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Bruchzähigkeit der Randschicht einer Hartmetallschneide eines Bohrers

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3637443A1 (de) * 1986-11-04 1988-05-05 Ist Ingenieurdienst Fuer Siche Verfahren zum pruefen der erosion und erosionspruefstand

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU439383A2 (ru) * 1971-04-12 1974-08-15 Предприятие П/Я Г-4561 Способ упрочнения наружных и внутренних поверхностей
JPH0871921A (ja) * 1994-09-09 1996-03-19 Nippon Baruzaasu Kk 浮遊ショットブラスト加工方法及び装置
DE19652872A1 (de) 1996-12-18 1998-07-02 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Steigerung der Randschichtfestigkeit an Oberflächen von aus sprödharten Werkstoffen gefertigten Werkstücken
DE102006046263B3 (de) 2006-09-28 2008-04-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Bruchzähigkeit der Randschicht einer Hartmetallschneide eines Bohrers

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 197542, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1975-70248W, XP002668027, "Outer and inner surfaces shot peening - uniform results ensured by adjustable frequency of air jet interruption" *
HAUCK, V.: "Structural and Residual Stress Analysis by Nondestructive Methods", 1997, ELSEVIER, pages: 344FF,59
SPIESS, L., TEICHERT, G.: "Moderne Röntgenbeugung", 2009, GWV FACHVERLAGE GMBH

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010048777A1 (de) 2012-04-19
EP2629927A1 (fr) 2013-08-28
DE102010048777B4 (de) 2013-10-31

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