WO2012044759A2 - Procédé pour éviter le dégagement d'odeurs à partir d'un épurateur - Google Patents

Procédé pour éviter le dégagement d'odeurs à partir d'un épurateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012044759A2
WO2012044759A2 PCT/US2011/053869 US2011053869W WO2012044759A2 WO 2012044759 A2 WO2012044759 A2 WO 2012044759A2 US 2011053869 W US2011053869 W US 2011053869W WO 2012044759 A2 WO2012044759 A2 WO 2012044759A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
level
scrubber
wet air
air stream
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PCT/US2011/053869
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English (en)
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WO2012044759A3 (fr
Inventor
Maynard Joseph Riley
William Edward Simpson
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Diversey, Inc.
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Publication of WO2012044759A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012044759A2/fr
Publication of WO2012044759A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012044759A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
    • B01D47/14—Packed scrubbers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1412—Controlling the absorption process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/485—Sulfur compounds containing only one sulfur compound other than sulfur oxides or hydrogen sulfide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/72—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D53/48 - B01D53/70, e.g. hydrocarbons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/14—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using sprayed or atomised substances including air-liquid contact processes
    • A61L9/145—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using sprayed or atomised substances including air-liquid contact processes air-liquid contact processes, e.g. scrubbing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
    • B01D2252/103—Water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7022—Aliphatic hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
    • B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/704—Solvents not covered by groups B01D2257/702 - B01D2257/7027
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1487—Removing organic compounds

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to methods for operating wet air scrubbers.
  • Rendering facilities can produce emissions in the form of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as a result of their operations.
  • Pollutants such as organic sulfides and disulfides (e.g., dimethyl disulfide), thiols (e.g., methane thiol), aldehydes (e.g., hexanal, 2-methy!butanal, and 3-methyibutanal), alcohols, ketones, amines, aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., octane), aromatic compounds (e.g., quino!ine and pyrazines) and organic acids are commonly produced.
  • VOCs are generally considered an odor nuisance when rendering facilities are in close proximity to residential areas, and so emission control measures are generally directed toward odor elimination.
  • Air scrubbers may be employed at rendering facilities as one method of emission control and odor elimination.
  • the disclosure provides a method of operating a wet air scrubber, the method comprising: measuring at least one of water soil level in the wet air scrubber, amount of water discarded from the wet air scrubber, and contaminant level of an air stream entering and/or leaving the wet air scrubber; comparing at least one of the measured water soil level, the amount of water discarded, and the air stream contaminant level to at least one of a target water soil level, a target amount of water discarded, and a target air stream contaminant level; and adjusting the amount of makeup water added to the wet air scrubber when there is a difference between at least one of the measured water soil level, the measured amount of water discarded, and the measured air stream contaminant level and at least one of the target water soil level, the target amount of water discarded, and the target air stream contaminant level.
  • the disclosure provides a method of reducing the contaminant levels in an air stream leaving a wet air scrubber comprising detecting at least one of the water soil ievel in the wet air scrubber and the contaminant Ievel of an air stream leaving the wet air scrubber; comparing the at least one of the water soil Ievel in the wet air scrubber and the contaminant level of the air stream leaving the wet air scrubber to at least one of a target water soil Ievel and a target air stream contaminant Ievel, the target level being lower than the detected level; and increasing the amount of makeup water added to the wet air scrubber to an amount effective to reduce the contaminant levels in the air stream.
  • the disclosure provides a method of improving the operating efficiency of air scrubber maintenance comprising: detecting at least one of the water soil Ievel in the wet air scrubber and the contaminant Ievel of an air stream leaving the wet air scrubber; comparing the at least one of the water soil level in the wet air scrubber and the contaminant Ievel of the air stream leaving the wet air scrubber to at least one of a target water soil level and a target air stream contaminant Ievel; and decreasing the amount of makeup water added to the wet air scrubber when at least one of the target water soil level and the target air stream contaminant Ievel is greater than the detected !evel of the at least one of the water soil Ievel in the wet air scrubber and the contaminant Ievel of an air stream leaving the wet air scrubber.
  • the measuring comprises determining chemical oxygen demand of water in the wet air scrubber.
  • the measuring comprises determining the amount of water discarded using a water flow meter or water flow sensor. In some embodiments the measuring comprises detecting a volatile organic compound (VOC) in the air stream entering and/or leaving the wet air scrubber.
  • VOC volatile organic compound
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wet air scrubber
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a rendering process connected to an air scrubber and sensor placement.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of chemical oxygen demand (COD) as a function of conductivity of the water stream in a wet air scrubber.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph of COD as a function of total suspended solids (TSS) of the water stream in a wet air scrubber.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of COD as a function of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of the water stream in a wet air scrubber.
  • the disclosure provides a method of operating a wet air scrubber in which the amount of makeup water added to the wet air scrubber is controlled in relation to at least one of 1) the soii level in the wet air scrubber; 2) the amount of water discarded from the wet air scrubber; and 3) the contaminant levels of air streams entering and/or leaving the wet air scrubber.
  • any numerical value recited herein includes all values from the lower value to the upper value, i.e., all possible combinations of numerical values between the lowest value and the highest value enumerated are to be considered to be expressly stated in this application.
  • a concentration range or a beneficial effect range is stated as 1% to 50%, it is intended that values such as 2% to 40%, 10% to 30%, or 1% to 3%, etc. are expressly enumerated in this specification. These are only examples of what is specifically intended.
  • wet air scrubbers can remove pollutants or contaminants such as VOCs from a process air or gas stream by moving the air stream through an aqueous cleaning solution including one or more treatment chemicals. After passing through the aqueous cleaning solution, the air stream generally emerges without the pollutants (or at least with fewer or lesser amounts of the pollutants) that were present in the air stream before treatment in the air scrubber. Nevertheless methods that provide for more efficient operation of a wet air scrubber (e.g., VOC removal from an air stream) would be of benefit at least in that such methods would provide a cost savings and reduced environmental impact. [0019] A typical wet air scrubber is operated at a fixed level of makeup water, while the contaminant level of the air stream being scrubbed can vary widely.
  • the disclosure provides a method of operating a wet air scrubber comprising: measuring at Ieast one of water soil level in the wet air scrubber, amount of water discarded from the wet air scrubber, and contaminant level of an air stream entering and/or leaving the wet air scrubber; comparing at Ieast one of the measured water soil level, the amount of water discarded, and the air stream contaminant level to at Ieast one of a target water soil level, a target amount of water discarded, and a target air stream contaminant level; and adjusting the amount of makeup water added to the wet air scrubber when there is a difference between at Ieast one of the measured water soil level, the measured amount of water discarded, and the measured air stream contaminant level and at ieast one of the target water soil level, the target amount of water discarded, and the target air stream contaminant level.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a high-intensity wet air scrubber suitable for use in removing VOCs from an air stream.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a wet air scrubber 14. Referring to FIG.
  • the wet air scrubber 14 can include, for example, a packed tower scrubber, a spray tower scrubber, an orifice scrubber, a venturi scrubber, a fiber-bed scrubber, an impingement-plate scrubber, a spray nozzle scrubber, a fiuidized-bed scrubber, a packed-bed scrubber, multiple-stage scrubbers, baffle spray scrubber, a counter-flow scrubber, a crossflow scrubber, and combinations thereof.
  • Wet air scrubbers can be custom designed by, for example, an independent designer or competent staff at a rendering facility. Wet air scrubbers are commercially available, for example, from Verantis, AC Corporation, Sep Control Inc., and Millpoint Industries inc.
  • the wet air scrubber 14 receives a process air stream 12 contained in a first conduit 3 (i.e., pipe) from a rendering facility 10 according to the present application.
  • the rendering facility 10 may be, for example, an integrated rendering plant (e.g., a plant that operates in conjunction with an animal slaughterhouse or poultry processing plant), or an independent rendering plant (e.g., a plant that collects raw materials from a variety of offsite sources).
  • Raw materials can include, for example, at least one of whole animal carcasses, animal parts, blood, grease, feathers, offal, and
  • Offsite sources can include sources such as, for example,
  • the rendering facility 10 can operate edible and/or inedible rendering processes.
  • the wet air scrubber 14 can include a pump 22 that circulates a water stream 23 through a second conduit 25 from a second outlet 24 to a second inlet 26 of the wet air scrubber 14.
  • Soil level as used herein refers to the level of pollutants.
  • pollutants and contaminants may be used interchangeably.
  • Pollutants and contaminants can include byproducts from any number of industrial processes such as, for example, VOCs and solid or aerosolized organic materials including byproducts from animal processing (e.g., fat, oil, grease, bone meal, and protein).
  • animal processing e.g., fat, oil, grease, bone meal, and protein
  • Such processes can be used to convert inedible or edible animal parts into products suitable for consumption by humans, animals (e.g., livestock), or pets, or for industrial products such as, for example, lubricants, detergent, soap, cement, ink, lipstick, and pharmaceuticals.
  • the soil level in a wet air scrubber can be determined by any suitable method that can correlate at least one measurable property of the water or air stream when entering, residing within, or leaving the air scrubber to the relative amount of soil in the stream.
  • measurable properties include, but are not limited to, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), pH, turbidity, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), ammonia concentration, conductivity, inductivity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), hydrogen sulfide concentration, or other VOC concentration.
  • measurement of the soil level in a wet air scrubber can include determination of COD of the water stream 23.
  • COD is commonly expressed in milligrams of oxygen consumed per liter of solution (mg/L), and a COD test can be used to measure indirectly the amount of VOCs present in the water stream.
  • the COD levels in the wet air scrubber may depend on the organic loading of the gases entering the wet air scrubber.
  • the organic loading of the gases entering the wet air scrubber may fluctuate over time due to, for example, the amount and/or composition of raw materials in the cooker and the VOCs and aerosolized organic materials such as fat, oil, grease, bone meal, and protein emitted by the cooker during operation.
  • the COD test is based on the premise that under acidic conditions and in the presence of a strong oxidizing agent, nearly a!! organic compounds can be fully oxidized to form carbon dioxide, water, and ammonia according to the following equation:
  • equation (1) does not account for the oxygen demand due to nitrification, a second equation:
  • NH 3 + 20 2 ⁇ N0 3 " + H 3 0 + ⁇ 2 ⁇ can be applied after equation (1) to account for oxidation due to nitrification.
  • the amount of makeup water can be increased in order to reduce the COD to about ,500 mg/L or less, and thereby the soil level.
  • the amount of makeup water can be decreased once at least one of the measured water soil level, amount of water discarded from a wet air scrubber, or contaminant level of an air stream entering or leaving the wet air scrubber is at or below a target value for water soil level, amount of water discarded from a wet air scrubber, and/or contaminant level of an air stream entering or leaving the wet air scrubber.
  • the COD of the water stream 23 may be determined by on-site measurement or by sending a sample to an off-site laboratory for analysis.
  • the COD test typically involves addition of oxidant solution to a sample followed by titrimetric or spectrophotometric deiermination of the amount of oxidant remaining in the sample after the oxidant has reacted with organic compounds in the sample.
  • Oxidizing agents can include, without limitation, potassium dichromate, eerie sulfate, and potassium iodate.
  • an approximate COD level may be determined using other measured values (e.g., TSS, ORP, pH, temperature, etc.) as a proxy for the COD value.
  • TSS time series cyclopentadjustment
  • ORP pH, temperature, etc.
  • COD COD cyclopentadjustment
  • the water stream 23 may have at least one property, such as, for example, chemical composition, ORP, pH, turbidity, conductivity, and combinations thereof, that can be monitored with one or more sensors.
  • one or more ion- selective electrodes can be used to determine the chemical composition of the water stream 23. Ion-selective electrodes are commercially available from Advanced Sensor
  • ORP sensors are commercially available from a variety of materials including but not limited to, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite sensors, Amberlite IR sensors, Amberlite IR sensors, and others, and combinations thereof, some of which are described above. ORP sensors are commercially available from a variety of sensors, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®, Amberlite®
  • pH sensors are commercially available from Walchem Corporation under the trade name WEL pH/ORP Electrodes.
  • Turbidity sensors are commercially available from optek-Danulat, Inc.
  • Conductivity sensors are commercially available from Sensorex Corporation. Ultraviolet light detectors are commercially available from optek-Danulat, Inc.
  • the at least one sensor may be positioned in the system, such that it can monitor and measure at any desired point in the water stream 23.
  • the at least one sensor may be positioned in the second conduit 25 through which the water stream 23 flows.
  • the water stream 23 can pass through a sensor manifold 28.
  • the sensor manifold can include at least one sensor, such as, for example, an ion-selective electrode, an ORP sensor, a pH sensor, a turbidity sensor, a conductivity sensor, and combinations thereof.
  • the wet air scrubber 14 typically includes makeup water 18 that is introduced to the interior of the wet air scrubber 14 at a first inlet 19.
  • a drain 20 may collect fluid leaving the wet air scrubber 14 from a first outlet 21.
  • the makeup water 18 can include water from at least one of a municipal water supply, a river, a pond, an industrial water supply, recovered from cooling tower blow-down, RO reject water, water from a cleaning process in an animal processing plant, storm runoff water, filter back-flush water, the drain 20 of another air scrubber, and combinations thereof.
  • Water in the wet air scrubber may be discarded to, for example, a retention pond or sewer. Measurement of the amount of water discarded can be made by using, without limitation, a water flow meter or water flow sensor.
  • one or more flow sensors may be used to measure the rate of makeup water 18 entering the wet air scrubber 1 and/or to measure the rate of water discarded from the wet air scrubber 14.
  • the flow of water may be measured in the conduit between the outlet 21 and the drain 20.
  • Examples of flow sensor may include, without limitation, a mass flow sensor, a volumetric flow sensor, a velocity flow sensor, and combinations thereof.
  • Flow sensors are commercially available from Ryan Herco under the trade name SIGNET® 2537.
  • the air stream 12 can be collected from one or more sources in the rendering facility 10, such as, for example, from receiving bins, continuous cookers, drainers, screw presses, centrifuges, filters, processing rooms, and combinations thereof.
  • the air stream 2 may have at least one property, such as, for example, chemical composition and temperature, which can be monitored with one or more sensors, for example, before the air stream 12 enters the wet air scrubber 14.
  • the one or more sensors may be positioned anywhere in the air stream 12.
  • the one or more sensors may be positioned in the first conduit 13 through which the air stream 12 flows.
  • one or more sensors can be used to measure properties of the air stream 2 at or near its source in the rendering facility 0 ⁇ e.g., the continuous cooker, the screw press, etc.), or at a location distant from its source.
  • one or more VOC sensors can be used to determine the chemical composition of the air stream 12.
  • a VOC sensor include, without limitation, an organic sulfide sensor, an organic disulfide sensor, an aldehyde sensor, an alcohol sensor, a ketone sensor, an amine sensor, an aliphatic hydrocarbon sensor, an aromatic hydrocarbon sensor, an organic acid sensor, and an infrared sensor. These sensors are commercially available from Advanced Sensor Technologies, Inc., under the trade name IOTRON and from App-Tek Safety Pty Ltd under the trade name ODALOG®.
  • Temperature sensors include, without limitation, a contact sensor, a non-contact sensor, a thermocouple-style sensor, and a resistance temperature detector. Temperature sensors can also be employed to measure, for example, the temperature of solid and/or liquid materials in a rendering process, such as, for example, the contents of continuous cookers and screw presses. These sensors are commercially available from Lesman Instrument Company under the trade names AMETEK®, PYRO AT!ON®, HONEYWELL®, and SIEMENS®.
  • the process air stream may pass through a venturi scrubber 16, such as are known in the art, before entering the wet air scrubber 14.
  • the venturi scrubber 16 can be, without limitation, an ejector venturi, an eductor venturi, a wetted-throat venturi, a non-wetted throat venturi, a rectangular-throat venturi, an adjustable- throat venturi with plunger, an adjustable-throat venturi with movable plate, and a venturi rod scrubber.
  • Venturi scrubbers are commercially available from Anco-Eaglin, inc., Verantis, AC Corporation, Sep Control Inc., and Mii!point Industries Inc.
  • the magnitude of one or more of the measured properties of the solid and/or liquid materials in the rendering facility 10, the process air stream 12, and or the water stream 23 can be compared to a target value or magnitude of the property, and the amount of makeup water can be adjusted as needed or as desired in response to the difference between the values.
  • target levels include values of TSS, ORP, pH, temperature, turbidity, ammonia concentration, conductivity, inductivity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), hydrogen sulfide concentration, or other VOC concentration that correlate to a chemical oxygen demand (COD) of about 1 ,500 mg/L.
  • BOD biological oxygen demand
  • COD chemical oxygen demand
  • the target level for pH is about 7.5 (e.g., 7.0, 7.1 , 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9).
  • the target level for temperature is 120°F or less (e.g., 120, 119, 118, 117, 116, 115, 114, 113, 112, 1 11 , 1 10, 105, 100, 95, or 90°F or less).
  • the amount or flow rate of makeup water is increased, such as, for example, when the measured property exceeds the target value of the same property by at least about 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, or at least about 25% or more. It will be appreciated that the foregoing numbers represent the lower range of the differences in measured and target values that may be determined and that, in some circumstances, the measured value can exceed the target value by very large amounts (e.g., 100% and above).
  • the amount or flow rate of makeup water may be increased by an amount that is effective to decrease the total difference between the measured value of the property and the target value of the property.
  • the amount or flow rate of makeup water is increased, at least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, at least about 60%, at least about 70%, at least about 80%, at least about 90%, at least about 00%, at least about 125%, at least about 150%, or at least about 200% or more.
  • the amount or flow rate of makeup water is decreased, such as, for example, when the measured property is less than the target value of the same property by at least about 5%, at least about 0%, at least about 15%, or at least about 20%. As noted above, in some embodiments wherein the measured property is well below the target value (e.g., 100% or more) the amount of makeup water can be sharply decreased. In some embodiments, the amount or flow rate of makeup water can be decreased by, for example, at least about 20%, at least about 30%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, at least about 60%, or at least about 70% or more.
  • a control circuit can be used to control the addition of makeup water to the air scrubber water to ensure that the concentration of contaminants in the water of the wet air scrubber does not exceed the level associated with odor release.
  • a monitoring system and control loop may directly measure, for example, a chemical concentration in the recirculating water of the wet air scrubber, and provide a millivolt signal back to a dual channel controller.
  • An ion-selective electrode (ISE) may be connected to a controller (for example, Rosemount model 1056), which may supply a 4-20 mA signal to a makeup water pump controller.
  • the pump controller may manage the pump frequency and duration of makeup water fed into the wet air scrubber.
  • This two channel controller may be configured to show, for example, a first ISE on one channel, and a second ISE on the other, or may be connected to two independent ISE sensors.
  • makeup water may be fed into the air scrubber based on feedback from an ISE monitoring and control feedback system.
  • concentration of the measured chemical in the recirculating water is high relative to a target value, then more makeup water may be added to the air scrubber.
  • concentration of the measured chemical in the recirculating water is low relative to a target value, then less makeup water may be added to the wet air scrubber.
  • a monitoring system and control loop may be directly measure, for example, a chemical concentration in the incoming and/or outgoing air stream of the wet air scrubber, and provide a millivolt signal back to a dual channel controller.
  • a sensor may be connected to a controller (for example, Rosemount model 1056), which may supply a 4-20 mA signal to a makeup water pump controller.
  • the pump controller may manage the pump frequency and duration of makeup water fed into the wet air scrubber.
  • This two channel controller may be configured to show, for example, a first sensor on one channel, and a second sensor on the other, or may be connected to two independent sensors.
  • makeup water may be fed into the air scrubber based on feedback from a sensor monitoring and control feedback system, if the concentration of the measured chemical in the incoming and/or outgoing air stream of the wet air scrubber is high relative to a target value, then more makeup water may be added to the air scrubber. If the
  • concentration of the measured chemical in the incoming and/or outgoing air stream of the wet air scrubber is low relative to a target value, then less makeup water may be added to the wet air scrubber.
  • a monitoring system and control loop may directly measure, for example, the flow rate of water out of the wet air scrubber, and provide a millivolt signal back to a dual channel controller.
  • a flow sensor may be connected to a controller (for example, Rosemount model 1056), which may supply a 4-20 mA signal to a makeup water pump controller.
  • the pump controller may manage the pump frequency and duration of makeup water fed into the wet air scrubber.
  • This two channel controller may be configured to show, for example, a first flow sensor on one channel, and a second flow sensor on the other, or may be connected to two independent flow sensors.
  • makeup water may be fed into the air scrubber based on feedback from a flow sensor monitoring and control feedback system.
  • the makeup water pump controller can respond to signals from one or more sensors detecting soil level in the wet air scrubber, the amount of water discarded from the wet air scrubber, the contaminant levels of air streams entering and/or leaving the wet air scrubber, and combinations thereof.
  • the water pump controller can respond to the signals by increasing the amount of makeup water flowing into the wet air scrubber.
  • the water pump controller can respond to the signals by decreasing the amount of makeup water flowing into the wet air scrubber.
  • the makeup water pump controller can respond to signals from one or more sensors when the sensors indicate (or correlate to) a measured chemical oxygen demand that exceeds a target value for chemical oxygen demand of water in the wet air scrubber selected from at least about 750 mg/L, at least about 1,000 mg/L, at least about 1 ,500 mg/L, at least about 1 ,750 mg/L, or at least about 2,000 mg/L.
  • a target value for chemical oxygen demand of water in the wet air scrubber selected from at least about 750 mg/L, at least about 1,000 mg/L, at least about 1 ,500 mg/L, at least about 1 ,750 mg/L, or at least about 2,000 mg/L.
  • audit data Prior to commercial start-up in rendering facilities, audit data were collected to determine the state of soil loading in the prospective customer's air scrubber. Referring to FIG. 2, the audit data that were collected included water stream 23 temperature, air stream 12 temperature, water stream 23 pH, water stream 23 conductivity, TSS of water stream 23, COD of water stream 23, and ORP of water stream 23.
  • Historical audit data were analyzed using statistical techniques to discover trends and relationships among the aforementioned measured quantities. Specifically, a statistically significant relationship among the easily-measured, real-time quantities of temperature, pH, conductivity, TSS, and ORP, and the difficult-to-measure quantity COD, was the desired outcome.
  • COD as a function of conductivity is shown in FIG. 3.
  • COD as a function of TSS is shown in FIG. 4.
  • COD as a function of ORP is shown in FIG. 5.
  • COD as a function of conductivity, TSS, and ORP with the accompanying function is shown in FIG. 6.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne des procédés de fonctionnement d'un épurateur, comprenant les étapes consistant à : mesurer au moins le niveau de souillure de l'eau dans l'épurateur humide et/ou la quantité d'eau évacuée par l'épurateur humide et/ou le niveau de contaminants dans un flux d'air pénétrant dans l'épurateur humide ou quittant celui-ci, comparer le niveau mesuré à un niveau cible, et réguler la quantité d'eau d'appoint ajoutée dans l'épurateur humide quand une différence est constatée entre le niveau mesuré et le niveau cible. L'invention concerne en outre des procédés de réduction des niveaux de contaminants dans le flux d'air quittant un épurateur humide, ainsi que des procédés d'amélioration de l'efficacité de l'entretien de l'épurateur.
PCT/US2011/053869 2010-09-30 2011-09-29 Procédé pour éviter le dégagement d'odeurs à partir d'un épurateur WO2012044759A2 (fr)

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CN103721502A (zh) * 2013-12-11 2014-04-16 安徽丰乐香料有限责任公司 一种净化薄荷气味的方法
JP2014124545A (ja) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-07 Tokushu Denkyoku Kk 脱臭装置及び脱臭方法
WO2015187721A1 (fr) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-10 Stephen Waco Jackson Système d'élimination d'une matière particulaire d'un air sale
CN107441921A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2017-12-08 长江水利委员会长江科学院 消除粉尘和废气中多种污染物的多级组合湿式净化系统
CN110201491A (zh) * 2019-07-03 2019-09-06 深圳市百瑞空气处理设备有限公司 涂布机有机物气体回收系统的进水控制方法
FR3081108A1 (fr) * 2018-05-19 2019-11-22 Yvan Pesenti Procede de traitement de fumees generees par une combustion de bois et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de procede.
US20200386731A1 (en) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-10 The Regents Of The University Of California System and method for sensing volatile organic compounds
US20210146298A1 (en) * 2018-06-28 2021-05-20 Panasia Co., Ltd Flue Gas Cleaning Solution Purification System and Method Thereof

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014124545A (ja) * 2012-12-25 2014-07-07 Tokushu Denkyoku Kk 脱臭装置及び脱臭方法
CN103721502A (zh) * 2013-12-11 2014-04-16 安徽丰乐香料有限责任公司 一种净化薄荷气味的方法
CN103721502B (zh) * 2013-12-11 2016-03-02 安徽丰乐香料有限责任公司 一种净化薄荷气味的方法
WO2015187721A1 (fr) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-10 Stephen Waco Jackson Système d'élimination d'une matière particulaire d'un air sale
CN107441921A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2017-12-08 长江水利委员会长江科学院 消除粉尘和废气中多种污染物的多级组合湿式净化系统
CN107441921B (zh) * 2017-09-22 2023-04-07 长江水利委员会长江科学院 消除粉尘和废气中多种污染物的多级组合湿式净化系统
FR3081108A1 (fr) * 2018-05-19 2019-11-22 Yvan Pesenti Procede de traitement de fumees generees par une combustion de bois et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de procede.
WO2019224145A1 (fr) * 2018-05-19 2019-11-28 Yvan Pesenti Procede de traitement de fumees generees par une combustion de bois et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
US20210146298A1 (en) * 2018-06-28 2021-05-20 Panasia Co., Ltd Flue Gas Cleaning Solution Purification System and Method Thereof
US11980845B2 (en) * 2018-06-28 2024-05-14 Panasia Co., Ltd. Flue gas cleaning solution purification system and method thereof
US20200386731A1 (en) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-10 The Regents Of The University Of California System and method for sensing volatile organic compounds
US11680934B2 (en) * 2019-06-07 2023-06-20 The Regents Of The University Of California System and method for sensing volatile organic compounds
CN110201491B (zh) * 2019-07-03 2021-08-20 深圳市百瑞空气处理设备有限公司 涂布机有机物气体回收系统的进水控制方法
CN110201491A (zh) * 2019-07-03 2019-09-06 深圳市百瑞空气处理设备有限公司 涂布机有机物气体回收系统的进水控制方法

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