WO2012034708A1 - Procédé et dispositif de représentation en deux ou trois dimensions - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de représentation en deux ou trois dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012034708A1
WO2012034708A1 PCT/EP2011/004661 EP2011004661W WO2012034708A1 WO 2012034708 A1 WO2012034708 A1 WO 2012034708A1 EP 2011004661 W EP2011004661 W EP 2011004661W WO 2012034708 A1 WO2012034708 A1 WO 2012034708A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical element
views
optical
pixels
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/004661
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Schwarz
Ulrich DÄHNERT
Original Assignee
Visumotion Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Visumotion Gmbh filed Critical Visumotion Gmbh
Publication of WO2012034708A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012034708A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G03B35/24—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using apertured or refractive resolving means on screens or between screen and eye
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B25/00—Viewers, other than projection viewers, giving motion-picture effects by persistence of vision, e.g. zoetrope
    • G03B25/02—Viewers, other than projection viewers, giving motion-picture effects by persistence of vision, e.g. zoetrope with interposed lenticular or line screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/356—Image reproducers having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of three-dimensional representation, in particular the three-dimensionally perceptible presentation without tools, wherein a switch to a normal 2D mode should be possible.
  • JP 08-331605 (Masutani Takeshi et al) teaches a distribution of views on the RGB Farbsubpixel, before it is a structured barrier (step barrier).
  • the disadvantage here is the high loss of resolution, since per view only one nth of the existing pixels on the imager (with N the number of views shown) is perceived monocular.
  • US 4,829,365 (Eichenlaub) proposes a structured backlight with light valve (shutter) and mask for 3D presentation. Again, the full (intrinsic resolution) of the imager is not achieved.
  • DE 42281 11 C1 (Sombrowsky) describes a device known by the term Holotron.
  • a component for stereoscopic reproduction with a dynamic imager is used.
  • This system is coupled with a very fast camera, which complicates the implementation.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY DE 4123895 (Runge / Just) again proposes a system for dynamic 3D image reproduction with high resolution. Also, this system is coupled with a very fast camera to even produce 3D images.
  • WO 2007003792 teaches a 2D-3D switchable arrangement with a first lenticular for the 3D display and a second, complementarily structured lenticular, which can be varied in its distance from the first lenticular to switch between 2D and 3D.
  • the disadvantage here is in particular the need for a complementary, that is to say inversely formed, lenticular.
  • the same optical component can not always be produced in the manufacturing process, but two different shapes are needed.
  • the positioning and distance adjustment of the two optics to each other must be carried out with high precision for the 3D impression.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying method and arrangement of the type mentioned, which for 3D representations that offer a reduced in the resolution image, with simple, inexpensive means switching to a possible high-resolution 2D mode allowed.
  • a second optical element which is identical in construction to the first optical element, is placed rotated by 180 degrees onto the first optical element, whereby the permanent presetting of light propagation directions is canceled by a majority.
  • the effect of the first optical element which enables the 3D-0 representation, is essentially canceled out by a second optical element which is to be applied temporarily and arranged in a phase-shifted manner.
  • the optical elements (2a, 2b) preferably include lenticular, prismatic grids, D microlens arrays and / or more preferably so-called CLD elements.
  • the corresponding optical structures such as cylindrical lenses, microlenses, prisms, convex / concave structures with diaphragms, can be arranged on the respective optical element in periodic or non-periodic patterns, inclined or not inclined relative to the vertical or also arranged in free form.
  • the emergence of a spatial impression with a corresponding representation of views A (k) is well known in the art.
  • the picture elements x (i, j) preferably correspond to color subpixels (R, G or B) or clusters of color subpixels (e.g., RG or GB) or full color pixels.
  • an ID arrangement according to the invention for the optional two- or three-dimensional representation of a scene comprising
  • a first transmissive optical element arranged in front of the image reproduction device for permanently specifying light propagation directions for the light emitted or transmitted by the picture elements x (i, j),
  • a second optical element which is identical to the first optical element, and which is placed on the first optical element rotated for an optional two-dimensionally perceptible representation by 180 degrees, whereby the permanent specification of
  • the optical elements preferably include lenticular, prismatic, microlens, and / or CLD elements.
  • the corresponding Optical structures such as cylindrical lenses, microlenses, prisms, convex / concave structures with diaphragms can be arranged on the respective optical element in periodic or non-periodic patterns, inclined or not inclined relative to the vertical, or even in free form.
  • the picture elements x (i, j) correspond to color subpixels (R, G or B) or clusters of color subpixels (e.g., RG or GB) or full color pixels.
  • the image display device (1) may be a color LCD screen, a plasma ID display, a projection screen, an LED based screen, FED screen, an SED screen, or a VFD screen. Other embodiments are possible.
  • a further, special embodiment of the invention comprises the arrangement for the optional two- or three-dimensional representation of a scene
  • a second optical element which is identical to the first optical element and which is arranged rotated by 180 degrees in front of the first optical element
  • the combined optical action of the optical elements allows for specifying light propagation directions for the D emitted or transmitted by the pixels x (i, j) such that one or more Viewer of a plurality of viewing positions in front of the grid of picture elements x (i, j) permanently and / or in the temporal means each with an eye exclusively or predominantly a first selection from the views A (k) and with the see or see another eye exclusively or predominantly a second selection from the views A (k), so that a three-dimensional visual impression is created, and
  • the relative position of the optical elements relative to one another is preferably changed by the displacement in the x, y, and or z direction of at least one of the optical elements (2a, 2b).
  • a combination of two identical optical elements, such as with lens or lenticular components, which are positioned to each other so that the lens strips are aligned in apex position to each other, means that their optical effects just do not compensate, but overlap constructively . If the strip-shaped lenses are thus positioned in the vertex-to-vertex position without lateral offset from one another, then the two directly superposed plano-convex lenses form the light passing through them together acting in the viewer's space. They then act as a two-stage, imaging lens system. This close vertex-to-apex arrangement requires undisturbed effectiveness after a very small air gap, the thickness of which should be comparable to or less than the vertex height of the curved, optically functional surfaces. In the narrowest case, a contact between upper and lower vertices is conceivable.
  • This lateral displacement which is necessary for the 2D representation, can be based on different
  • Fig. 1 shows the cross section through the surface of an optical element
  • Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of two identical optical elements
  • FIG. 3 shows the cross section through a lenticular structure as an optical element, consisting of the glass substrate with thereon, strip-shaped cylindrical lenses,
  • Fig. 4 shows the cross section through the arrangement of two identical optical
  • Fig. 5 shows the cross section through a compensation arrangement of two identical optical elements with strip-shaped cylindrical lenses
  • Fig. 6 shows the schematic diagram of a further, special embodiment of the invention.
  • the grid 1 or the picture display device 1 with the picture elements x (i, j) is arranged in a mental manner below the optical element 2a shown at the lower edge of the picture, but has not been shown for redundancy reasons.
  • an optical element 2a which consists of strip-shaped prisms.
  • Such a surface can be seen in Fig. 1 as a cross section.
  • the optical effect through the refractive surfaces of the prism strips of the first optical element 2 a which is used to specify light propagation directions for a three-dimensional perceptible representation is used, can be repealed by a second, identical optical element 2b reversed (that is, rotated by 180 degrees) and thus phase-shifted on the surface of the first optical element 2a directly touches.
  • This arrangement is shown in FIG. 2. It can be seen here that the effect of the two identical optical elements 2a, 2b with prismatic strips compensates for the refractive effect of the prismatic surfaces.
  • This arrangement of two identical optical elements 2a, 2b to compensate for the prism effect takes into account the same optical material having the same refractive index ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and substantially the same prism shape, so that the air gap resulting from each other due to the phase-shifted alignment is small against the Dimensions of the prisms.
  • ⁇ refractive index
  • Fig. 3 shows the cross section through a lenticular structure consisting of the glass substrate with thereon strip-shaped cylindrical lenses.
  • the optical effect of the strip-shaped cylindrical lenses is based on the refraction of the light passing through at the curved functional surface whose curvature can first be described with a radius r 2 .
  • aspheric functional surfaces eg parabolic surfaces, or hyperbolic surfaces.
  • optical effect of such a manner of arrangement ensures that all the light beams passing through are refracted with the direction of the refracted rays of light depending on the particular location of the refraction on the curved surface. Only such light rays which strike the vertex plane of the curved surfaces perpendicularly, maintain their propagation direction.
  • This mode of operation of an optical element having lenticular structures can be compensated by arranging a second, identical element 2b in reverse and phase-shifted directly over the first element 2a, as shown in FIG.
  • the elements are prismatic or cylindrical lenses with spherical or aspherical curvature, they are always periodic optical structures whose spatial frequency depends on the number of images and on the size of the pixels x (i, j). (pixel pitch) depends.
  • the period T of such optically active structures as shown in FIG. 5 using the example of strip-shaped cylindrical lenses. At this period T, the phase shift, which is just ⁇ , is measured.
  • the two identical optical elements 2a, 2b are not arranged mirror-symmetrically (congruent) to each other, they must be just about half the local period, ie shifted by T / 2 each other laterally, because only then you can compensate for the effect of the refractive surfaces observe their phase shift by ⁇ .
  • FIG. 5 shows in greater detail in FIG. 5 in the form of a cross section through a compensation arrangement of two identically constructed, optical elements 2a, 2b with strip-shaped cylindrical lenses.
  • the compensation condition is thus that the lateral displacement of the two optical elements to each other must be just half the spatial period, ie by T / 2. In this position, the refractive effects of the opposing, oppositely curved surfaces compensate each other the optical elements 2a, 2b so that the entire arrangement acts much like a plane-parallel optical disk.
  • a further advantage of this arrangement according to FIG. 5 is that there are virtually no adjustment problems in the positioning of the second optical element 2b in front of the first optical element 2a, because the opposite curvatures of its optical functional surfaces ensure that these convex parts are correctly positioned in the recesses between the optical structures of the first, lower element 2a "slip."
  • the second optical element 2b centers itself, so to speak.
  • a switchable 3D / 2D display is implemented as follows.
  • Raster 1 is provided with picture elements x (i, j), e.g. an LC display, on its surface with a corresponding optical element 2a, for example.
  • picture elements x (i, j) e.g. an LC display
  • a corresponding optical element 2a for example.
  • This element 2a is fixedly mounted on the panel surface (cover glass) according to rules known in the art (for example according to the teaching of PCT / DE2008 / 000925), ie fixed. If you want to suppress the 3D mode of such a screen, then you bring a second, identical optical element 2b, rotated 180 degrees directly
  • This positioning of the second, identical element 2b is done safely, but not permanently, for example, by adhesion forces, gravity, magnetic or other forces. It can be taken back at any time in order to be able to perceive 3D-visualized images on the same panel again.
  • a second optical element 2b which is identical to the first optical element 2a, and which is arranged rotated 180 degrees before the first optical element 2a,
  • the two optical elements 2a, 2b can assume at least 2 relative positions to one another
  • the combined optical effect of the optical elements 2a, 2b is a specification of light propagation directions for the light emitted or transmitted by the pixels x (i, j) allows one or more observers 3 from a plurality of viewing positions in front of the grid 1 of picture elements x (i, j) permanently and / or in time each with an eye exclusively or predominantly a first selection from the views A (k) and see or see with the other eye exclusively or predominantly a second selection from the views A (k), so that a three-dimensional visual impression is created, and
  • the relative position of the optical elements 2a, 2b relative to one another is preferably changed by the displacement in the x, y, and or z direction of at least one of the optical elements 2a, 2b. This can be done via suitable rails, piezoelectric elements, stepper motors and / or other suitable mechanical components.
  • the advantages of the invention are versatile. In particular, arrangements according to the invention offer a possibility for a very inexpensive design of 2D / 3D switchable displays.
  • the invention can also be realized technically with simple means. In particular, it only requires the construction of a mold for the optical elements, since they are of identical construction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne le domaine de la représentation tridimensionnelle, en particulier de la représentation perceptible en trois dimensions sans dispositifs auxiliaires, une commutation en mode habituel en deux dimensions devant être possible. L'invention comprend des procédés et des dispositifs. Les procédés selon l'invention comprennent les étapes suivantes : visualisation simultanée et/ou séquentielle dans le temps d'au moins n=2 vues A(k) avec k=1,..., n d'une scène donnée sur une grille (1) composée d'éléments d'images x(i, j) en lignes i et en colonnes j, détermination permanente de directions de diffusion lumineuse pour la lumière renvoyée ou transmise par les éléments d'images x(i, j) au moyen d'un premier élément optique (2a) transmissif, de sorte qu'un ou plusieurs observateurs (3) voient, à partir d'une pluralité de positions d'observation devant la grille (1) d'éléments d'images x(i, j) et de manière permanente et/ou en moyenne temporelle, respectivement avec un oeil exclusivement ou principalement une première sélection des vues A(k) et avec l'autre oeil exclusivement ou principalement une deuxième sélection des vues A(k), pour créer une impression visuelle tridimensionnelle. Pour une représentation perceptible en deux dimensions, un deuxième élément optique (2b), qui est de même conception que le premier élément optique (2a), est placé, tourné à 180°, sur le premier élément optique (2a), la détermination permanente des directions de diffusion lumineuse étant ainsi largement supprimée.
PCT/EP2011/004661 2010-09-16 2011-09-16 Procédé et dispositif de représentation en deux ou trois dimensions WO2012034708A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010045467A DE102010045467A1 (de) 2010-09-16 2010-09-16 Verfahren und Anordnung zur wahlweise zwei- oder dreidimensionalen Darstellung
DE102010045467.2 2010-09-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012034708A1 true WO2012034708A1 (fr) 2012-03-22

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PCT/EP2011/004661 WO2012034708A1 (fr) 2010-09-16 2011-09-16 Procédé et dispositif de représentation en deux ou trois dimensions

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DE (1) DE102010045467A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012034708A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2516967A (en) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-11 Iq Structures Sro Autostereoscopic prismatic printing rasters
CN115143969A (zh) * 2022-09-01 2022-10-04 北京理工大学 一种群目标位置结构特征检测及提取方法

Citations (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4829365A (en) 1986-03-07 1989-05-09 Dimension Technologies, Inc. Autostereoscopic display with illuminating lines, light valve and mask
US5036385A (en) 1986-03-07 1991-07-30 Dimension Technologies, Inc. Autostereoscopic display with multiple sets of blinking illuminating lines and light valve
DE4123895A1 (de) 1991-07-18 1993-01-21 Dieter Dipl Phys Dr Just Verfahren zur autostereokopischen bild-, film- und fernsehwiedergabe
DE4228111C1 (fr) 1992-08-25 1993-06-17 Ice Oelsnitz Gmbh, O-9920 Oelsnitz, De
US5500765A (en) * 1994-05-11 1996-03-19 Dimension Technologies Inc. Convertible 2D/3D autostereoscopic display
JPH08331605A (ja) 1995-05-30 1996-12-13 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 立体表示装置
US20010028356A1 (en) 2000-02-21 2001-10-11 Tibor Balogh Pixel element for a three-dimensional screen
EP1394593A1 (fr) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-03 Nec Corporation Système commutable d'affichage d'images 3D / d'images 2D et dispositif terminal portable
US6985296B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2006-01-10 Stereographics Corporation Neutralizing device for autostereoscopic lens sheet
EP1662808A1 (fr) 2004-11-30 2006-05-31 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'affichage d'images tridimensionnelles utilisant des bandes parallaxes générées électriquement avec unité d'affichage pouvant être pivotée
US20060202910A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. 2D/3D switchable display
WO2007003792A1 (fr) 2005-07-04 2007-01-11 Artistic Images Dispositif et procede de visualisation autostereoscopique commutable 2d-3d

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080204873A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Strategic Patent Acquisitions Llc Techniques for three dimensional displays
DE102007016773B4 (de) * 2007-04-04 2011-12-22 Wise Vision Holdings Ltd. Verfahren und Anordnung zur dreidimensionalen Darstellung
DE102007026628B3 (de) 2007-06-07 2008-08-14 Visumotion Gmbh Verfahren zur Ausrichtung eines Parallaxenbarriereschirms auf einem Bildschirm

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4829365A (en) 1986-03-07 1989-05-09 Dimension Technologies, Inc. Autostereoscopic display with illuminating lines, light valve and mask
US5036385A (en) 1986-03-07 1991-07-30 Dimension Technologies, Inc. Autostereoscopic display with multiple sets of blinking illuminating lines and light valve
DE4123895A1 (de) 1991-07-18 1993-01-21 Dieter Dipl Phys Dr Just Verfahren zur autostereokopischen bild-, film- und fernsehwiedergabe
DE4228111C1 (fr) 1992-08-25 1993-06-17 Ice Oelsnitz Gmbh, O-9920 Oelsnitz, De
US5500765A (en) * 1994-05-11 1996-03-19 Dimension Technologies Inc. Convertible 2D/3D autostereoscopic display
JPH08331605A (ja) 1995-05-30 1996-12-13 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 立体表示装置
US20010028356A1 (en) 2000-02-21 2001-10-11 Tibor Balogh Pixel element for a three-dimensional screen
EP1394593A1 (fr) * 2002-08-27 2004-03-03 Nec Corporation Système commutable d'affichage d'images 3D / d'images 2D et dispositif terminal portable
US6985296B2 (en) 2003-04-15 2006-01-10 Stereographics Corporation Neutralizing device for autostereoscopic lens sheet
EP1662808A1 (fr) 2004-11-30 2006-05-31 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'affichage d'images tridimensionnelles utilisant des bandes parallaxes générées électriquement avec unité d'affichage pouvant être pivotée
US20060202910A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-14 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. 2D/3D switchable display
WO2007003792A1 (fr) 2005-07-04 2007-01-11 Artistic Images Dispositif et procede de visualisation autostereoscopique commutable 2d-3d

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2516967A (en) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-11 Iq Structures Sro Autostereoscopic prismatic printing rasters
CN115143969A (zh) * 2022-09-01 2022-10-04 北京理工大学 一种群目标位置结构特征检测及提取方法
CN115143969B (zh) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-04 北京理工大学 一种群目标位置结构特征检测及提取方法

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